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Sugahara T, Ichihashi H, Tsumura K, Hara T, Miyazaki A, Sakai T. Aggregation Characteristics of Biobased Anionic Surfactant, Hydroxy Alkane Sulfonate in Aqueous CaCl 2 Solutions: Vesicle and Supported Bilayer Formation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:21719-21727. [PMID: 39347654 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c02786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Vesicles are known to spontaneously adsorb onto solid-liquid interfaces and to form supported bilayers in aqueous solution. Cationic surfactants have typically been used to generate supported bilayers because solid surfaces in water are often negatively charged. The present study investigated the aggregation behavior of an anionic surfactant, hydroxy alkane sulfonate having a C18 alkyl chain (C18HAS) in aqueous CaCl2 solutions. These assessments were performed by acquiring data related to equilibrium surface tension, the solubilization of an oil-soluble dye, UV-visible transmittance, pyrene fluorescence and dynamic light scattering together with freeze-fracture transmission electron microscopy observations. The results suggest that C18HAS can form vesicles in aqueous CaCl2 solutions under certain surfactant concentrations. Specifically, this aggregation behavior is greatly affected by C18HAS/CaCl2 molar ratio. At the C18HAS/CaCl2 molar ratio is less than an equivalence point (that is, less than 2:1), phase separation occurs with the formation of a vesicle above solubility limit of the C18HAS Ca salt. On the other hand, in the case that the C18HAS/CaCl2 molar ratio is above an equivalence point (that is, above 2:1), the Na salt of C18HAS forms micelles above the critical micelle concentration (cmc), causing solubilization of vesicles. Analyses by high-speed atomic force microscopy demonstrated that the C18HAS vesicles can spontaneously form a supported bilayer on a negatively charged mica surfaces, similar to the behavior of cationic surfactant vesicles, even though C18HAS is an anionic surfactant. These results suggest that C18HAS could serve as a detergent component but also as a surface modifier when the C18HAS/CaCl2 molar ratio is optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Sugahara
- Material Science Research, Kao Corporation, 1334 Minato, Wakayama-shi, Wakayama 640-8580, Japan
| | - Haruna Ichihashi
- Material Science Research, Kao Corporation, 1334 Minato, Wakayama-shi, Wakayama 640-8580, Japan
| | - Kana Tsumura
- Material Science Research, Kao Corporation, 1334 Minato, Wakayama-shi, Wakayama 640-8580, Japan
| | - Teruyuki Hara
- Analytical Science Research, Kao Corporation, 1334 Minato, Wakayama-shi, Wakayama 640-8580, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyazaki
- Material Science Research, Kao Corporation, 1334 Minato, Wakayama-shi, Wakayama 640-8580, Japan
| | - Takaya Sakai
- R&D, Kao Corporation, 2-1-3 Bunka, Sumida-ku, Tokyo 131-8501, Japan
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Aqif M, Shah MUH, Khan R, Umar M, SajjadHaider, Razak SIA, Wahit MU, Khan SUD, Sivapragasam M, Ullah S, Nawaz R. Glycolipids biosurfactants production using low-cost substrates for environmental remediation: progress, challenges, and future prospects. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:47475-47504. [PMID: 39017873 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34248-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
The production of renewable materials from alternative sources is becoming increasingly important to reduce the detrimental environmental effects of their non-renewable counterparts and natural resources, while making them more economical and sustainable. Chemical surfactants, which are highly toxic and non-biodegradable, are used in a wide range of industrial and environmental applications harming humans, animals, plants, and other entities. Chemical surfactants can be substituted with biosurfactants (BS), which are produced by microorganisms like bacteria, fungi, and yeast. They have excellent emulsifying, foaming, and dispersing properties, as well as excellent biodegradability, lower toxicity, and the ability to remain stable under severe conditions, making them useful for a variety of industrial and environmental applications. Despite these advantages, BS derived from conventional resources and precursors (such as edible oils and carbohydrates) are expensive, limiting large-scale production of BS. In addition, the use of unconventional substrates such as agro-industrial wastes lowers the BS productivity and drives up production costs. However, overcoming the barriers to commercial-scale production is critical to the widespread adoption of these products. Overcoming these challenges would not only promote the use of environmentally friendly surfactants but also contribute to sustainable waste management and reduce dependence on non-renewable resources. This study explores the efficient use of wastes and other low-cost substrates to produce glycolipids BS, identifies efficient substrates for commercial production, and recommends strategies to improve productivity and use BS in environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Aqif
- Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute, Topi, Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23460, Pakistan
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, 11421, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansoor Ul Hassan Shah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Chemical and Industrial Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Rawaiz Khan
- College of Dentistry, Engineer Abdullah Bugshan Research Chair for Dental and Oral Rehabilitation, King Saud University, 11545, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Muhammad Umar
- Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute, Topi, Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23460, Pakistan
| | - SajjadHaider
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, 11421, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saiful Izwan Abd Razak
- BioInspired Device and Tissue Engineering Research Group, School of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
- Sports Innovation & Technology Centre, Institute of Human Centred Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81300, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Mat Uzir Wahit
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, UniversitiTeknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310, Skudai, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- Centre for Advanced Composite Materials (CACM), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Salah Ud-Din Khan
- College of Engineering, Sustainable Energy Center Technologies, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, 11421, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magaret Sivapragasam
- Faculty of Integrated Life Sciences, School of Integrated Sciences (SIS), School of Postgraduate Studies, Research and Internationalization, Quest International University, 30250, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Shafi Ullah
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, PirMehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Shamsabad, Murree Rd, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Rab Nawaz
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, PirMehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Shamsabad, Murree Rd, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
- Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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Kathiravan N, Rajesh A, Kim JW, Davoodbasha M. Isolation and Characterization of Biosurfactant-Producing Soil Fungus Penicillium sp. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:3234-3245. [PMID: 37642923 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04704-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a fungal species was isolated from rhizospheric soil and identified as Penicillium sp. by ITS sequencing. The Penicillium sp. has been screened for the biosurfactant production, viz., haemolytic activity, oil spreading assay and emulsification index. The biosurfactant from cell-free supernatant was extracted using acid precipitation followed by solvent-solvent extraction. The physiochemical properties of the extracted biosurfactant were analysed using FTIR; the major peaks that show at 1720 cm-1, 1531 cm-1, 1419 cm-1, 1251 cm-1 and 1010 cm-1 correspond to aliphatic chains, sugars and ester carbonyl groups. The fatty acids present in the extracted biosurfactant were analysed using GCMS, in which a molecular mass of 256 and 284 m/z showed the presence of n-hexadecenoic acid and octadecanoic acid respectively which indicate the presence of rhamnolipid, which is a major biosurfactant. The biosurfactant extracted from Penicllium sp. demonstrated antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. In future perspectives, the biosurfactant extracted from the isolated species holds great potential as a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent and could be utilized in various healthcare applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveenkumar Kathiravan
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 620048, India
- Aatreal Green Renewable Energy Pvt. Ltd., IITM Research Park, Chennai, 600113, India
| | - Arjun Rajesh
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jung-Wan Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - MubarakAli Davoodbasha
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 620048, India.
- Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea.
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Nasser M, Sharma M, Kaur G. Advances in the production of biosurfactants as green ingredients in home and personal care products. Front Chem 2024; 12:1382547. [PMID: 38595700 PMCID: PMC11002128 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1382547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Home and personal care industry is currently witnessing a growing demand for sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic surfactants. This increase is fueled by concerns over the delayed degradation and environmental impact of the latter. To this, biosurfactants possess important properties such as biodegradability, low toxicity, and renewable sourcing. These qualities position them as compelling replacements of traditional synthetic surfactants. Their diverse attributes including emulsification, antimicrobial efficacy, surface tension reduction, and foaming capability, make them well-suited choices for home and personal care products. Biosurfactants can be produced through several inexpensive and renewable sources which contributes to their commercialization potential. This article discusses various microbial derived biosurfactants including rhamnolipids, sophorolipids, mannosyl-erythritol lipids, trehalolipids and lipopeptides, unraveling and comparing their distinctive roles and advantages in the home and personal care industry. It also focuses on the recent patent innovations in the production of biosurfactants which have aimed at improving their economic viability and performance attributes. Finally, the article sheds light on the challenges and future trajectories for better integration of these sustainable biosurfactants into mainstream consumer products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Guneet Kaur
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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Azevedo MA, Teixeira JA, Pastrana L, Cerqueira MA. Rhamnolipids: A biosurfactant for the development of lipid-based nanosystems for food applications. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13252. [PMID: 38284602 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Biosurfactants (surfactants synthesized by microorganisms) are produced by microorganisms and are suitable for use in different areas. Among biosurfactants, rhamnolipids are the most studied and popular, attracting scientists, and industries' interest. Due to their unique characteristics, the rhamnolipids have been used as synthetic surfactants' alternatives and explored in food applications. Besides the production challenges that need to be tackled to guarantee efficient production and low cost, their properties need to be adjusted to the final application, where the pH instability needs to be considered. Moreover, regulatory approval is needed to start being used in commercial applications. One characteristic of interest is their capacity to form oil-in-water nanosystems. Some of the most explored have been nanoemulsions, solid-lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers. This review presents an overview of the main properties of rhamnolipids, asserts the potential and efficiency of rhamnolipids to replace the synthetic surfactants in the development of nanosystems, and describes the rhamnolipids-based nanosystems used in food applications. It also discusses the main characteristics and methodologies used for their characterization and in the end, some of the main challenges are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Azevedo
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - José A Teixeira
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Lorenzo Pastrana
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
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Zhou J, Liu S, Xie B, Wang W, Xu N, Xu A, Dong W, Jiang M. Enhancing rhamnolipid production through a two-stage fermentation control strategy based on metabolic engineering and nitrate feeding. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 388:129716. [PMID: 37689118 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate plays a crucial role in the high-efficient fermentation production of rhamnolipids (RLs). However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Firstly, by knocking out the restriction endonuclease PaeKI and utilizatiing the endogenous CRISPR-Cas-mediated single-plasmid recombineering system, a genome editing system for P. aeruginosa KT1115 has been established. Secondly, an engineered strain KT1115ΔpaeKIΔnirS was obtained with a 87% of reduction in nitric oxide (NO) accumulation and a 93% of reduction in RLs production, revealing the crucial role of NO signaling molecule produced from nitrate metabolism in RLs production. Finally, by combining metabolic engineering of the nitrate metabolism pathway with nitrogen feeding, a new two-stage fermentation process was developed. The fermentation production period was reduced from 168 h to 120 h while achieving a high yield of 0.8 g/g, and the average productivity increased by 55%. In all, this study provides a novel insights in the RLs biosynthesis and fermentation control strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China
| | - Shixun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China
| | - Bin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China
| | - Wenyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China
| | - Ning Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, PR China
| | - Anming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China
| | - Weiliang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China.
| | - Min Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China
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Wahjudi SMW, Petrzik T, Oudenne F, Lera Calvo C, Büchs J. Unraveling the potential and constraints associated with corn steep liquor as a nutrient source for industrial fermentations. Biotechnol Prog 2023; 39:e3386. [PMID: 37634939 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Costly complex media components such as yeast extract and peptone are still widely used in industrial bioprocesses, despite their ill-defined composition. Side stream products such as corn steep liquor (CSL) present a compelling economical alternative that contains valuable nutrients required for microbial growth, that is, nitrogen and amino acids, but also vitamins, trace elements, and other minerals. However, as a side stream product, CSL may be subject to batch-to-batch variations and compositional heterogeneity. In this study, the Respiration Activity MOnitoring System designed for shake flasks (RAMOS) and 96-well microtiter plates (μTOM) were applied to investigate the potential and constraints of CSL utilization for two model microorganisms: E. coli and B. subtilis. Considering the dry substance content of complex nutrients involved, CSL-based media are more efficient in biomass production than the common lysogeny broth (LB) medium, containing 5 g/L yeast extract, 10 g/L peptone, and 5 g/L NaCl. At a glucose to CSL (glucose/CSL, g/g) ratio of 1/1 (g/g) and 2/1 (g/g), a secondary substrate limitation occurred in E. coli and B. subtilis cultivations, respectively. The study sheds light on differences in the metabolic activity of the two applied model organisms between varying CSL batches, which relate to CSL origin and production process, as well as the effect of targeted nutrient supplementation. Through a targeted nutrient supplementation, the most limiting component of the CSL-glucose medium used for these applied model microorganisms was identified to be ammonium nitrogen. This study proves the suitability of CSL as an alternative nutrient source for E. coli and B. subtilis. The RAMOS and μTOM technique detected differences between CSL batches, allowing easy and early identification of varying batches. A consistent performance of the CSL batches in E. coli and B. subtilis cultivations was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Petrzik
- AVT-Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | | | - Jochen Büchs
- AVT-Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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Shrestha S, Awasthi D, Chen Y, Gin J, Petzold CJ, Adams PD, Simmons BA, Singer SW. Simultaneous carbon catabolite repression governs sugar and aromatic co-utilization in Pseudomonas putida M2. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0085223. [PMID: 37724856 PMCID: PMC10617552 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00852-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas putida have emerged as promising biocatalysts for the conversion of sugars and aromatic compounds obtained from lignocellulosic biomass. Understanding the role of carbon catabolite repression (CCR) in these strains is critical to optimize biomass conversion to fuels and chemicals. The CCR functioning in P. putida M2, a strain capable of consuming both hexose and pentose sugars as well as aromatic compounds, was investigated by cultivation experiments, proteomics, and CRISPRi-based gene repression. Strain M2 co-utilized sugars and aromatic compounds simultaneously; however, during cultivation with glucose and aromatic compounds (p-coumarate and ferulate) mixture, intermediates (4-hydroxybenzoate and vanillate) accumulated, and substrate consumption was incomplete. In contrast, xylose-aromatic consumption resulted in transient intermediate accumulation and complete aromatic consumption, while xylose was incompletely consumed. Proteomics analysis revealed that glucose exerted stronger repression than xylose on the aromatic catabolic proteins. Key glucose (Eda) and xylose (XylX) catabolic proteins were also identified at lower abundance during cultivation with aromatic compounds implying simultaneous catabolite repression by sugars and aromatic compounds. Reduction of crc expression via CRISPRi led to faster growth and glucose and p-coumarate uptake in the CRISPRi strains compared to the control, while no difference was observed on xylose+p-coumarate. The increased abundances of Eda and amino acid biosynthesis proteins in the CRISPRi strain further supported these observations. Lastly, small RNAs (sRNAs) sequencing results showed that CrcY and CrcZ homologues levels in M2, previously identified in P. putida strains, were lower under strong CCR (glucose+p-coumarate) condition compared to when repression was absent (p-coumarate or glucose only).IMPORTANCEA newly isolated Pseudomonas putida strain, P. putida M2, can utilize both hexose and pentose sugars as well as aromatic compounds making it a promising host for the valorization of lignocellulosic biomass. Pseudomonads have developed a regulatory strategy, carbon catabolite repression, to control the assimilation of carbon sources in the environment. Carbon catabolite repression may impede the simultaneous and complete metabolism of sugars and aromatic compounds present in lignocellulosic biomass and hinder the development of an efficient industrial biocatalyst. This study provides insight into the cellular physiology and proteome during mixed-substrate utilization in P. putida M2. The phenotypic and proteomics results demonstrated simultaneous catabolite repression in the sugar-aromatic mixtures, while the CRISPRi and sRNA sequencing demonstrated the potential role of the crc gene and small RNAs in carbon catabolite repression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilva Shrestha
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Deepika Awasthi
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Yan Chen
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Jennifer Gin
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Christopher J. Petzold
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Paul D. Adams
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Blake A. Simmons
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Steven W. Singer
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, California, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
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Kim JS, Lee M, Ki DW, Kwon SW, Ko YJ, Kim JS, Yun BS, Kim SJ. Production of a New Biosurfactant by a New Yeast Species Isolated from Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 33:1023-1029. [PMID: 37280777 PMCID: PMC10468678 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2205.05052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Biosurfactants reduce surface and interfacial tension due to their amphiphilic properties and are an eco-friendly alternative for chemical surfactants. In this study, a new yeast strain JAF-11 that produces a biosurfactant was selected using drop collapse method, and the properties of the extracts were investigated. The nucleotide sequences of the strain were compared with closely related strains and identified based on the D1/D2 domain of the large subunit ribosomal DNA (LSU) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions. Neodothiora populina CPC 39399T, the closest species with strain JAF-11, showed a sequence similarity of 97.75% for LSU and 94.27% for ITS, respectively. The result suggests that the strain JAF-11 represents a distinct species that cannot be assigned to any existing genus or species in the family Dothideaceae. Strain JAF-11 produced a biosurfactant reducing the surface tension of water from 72 mN/m to 34.5 mN/m on the sixth day of culture and the result of measuring the critical micelle concentration (CMC) by extracting the crude biosurfactant was found to be 24 mg/l. The molecular weight 502 of the purified biosurfactant was confirmed by measuring the fast atom bombardment mass spectrum. The chemical structure was analyzed by measuring 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13C NMR, and two-dimensional NMRs of the compound. The molecular formula was C26H46O9, and it was composed of one octanoyl group and two hexanoyl groups to myo-inositol moiety. The new biosurfactant is the first report of a compound produced by a new yeast strain, JAF-11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Seon Kim
- Agricultural Microbiology Division. National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
- Division of Biotechnology and Advanced institute of Environmental and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Miran Lee
- Agricultural Microbiology Division. National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Won Ki
- Division of Biotechnology and Advanced institute of Environmental and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Wo Kwon
- Agricultural Microbiology Division. National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Joon Ko
- Agricultural Microbiology Division. National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Shik Kim
- Marine industry research institute for east sea rim, Uljin-gun, Geongsangbuk-do 36315, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Sik Yun
- Division of Biotechnology and Advanced institute of Environmental and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Kim
- Agricultural Microbiology Division. National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
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Kumari R, Singha LP, Shukla P. Biotechnological potential of microbial bio-surfactants, their significance, and diverse applications. FEMS MICROBES 2023; 4:xtad015. [PMID: 37614639 PMCID: PMC10442721 DOI: 10.1093/femsmc/xtad015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, there is a huge demand for chemically available surfactants in many industries, irrespective of their detrimental impact on the environment. Naturally occurring green sustainable substances have been proven to be the best alternative for reducing reliance on chemical surfactants and promoting long-lasting sustainable development. The most frequently utilized green active biosurfactants, which are made by bacteria, yeast, and fungi, are discussed in this review. These biosurfactants are commonly originated from contaminated sites, the marine ecosystem, and the natural environment, and it holds great potential for environmental sustainability. In this review, we described the importance of biosurfactants for the environment, including their biodegradability, low toxicity, environmental compatibility, and stability at a wide pH range. In this review, we have also described the various techniques that have been utilized to characterize and screen the generation of microbial biosurfactants. Also, we reviewed the potential of biosurfactants and its emerging applications in the foods, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and agricultural industries. In addition, we also discussed the ways to overcome problems with expensive costs such as low-cost substrate media formulation, gravitational techniques, and solvent-free foam fractionation for extraction that could be employed during biosurfactant production on a larger scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renuka Kumari
- Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Lairenjam Paikhomba Singha
- Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer-305817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pratyoosh Shukla
- Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
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11
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Nagtode V, Cardoza C, Yasin HKA, Mali SN, Tambe SM, Roy P, Singh K, Goel A, Amin PD, Thorat BR, Cruz JN, Pratap AP. Green Surfactants (Biosurfactants): A Petroleum-Free Substitute for Sustainability-Comparison, Applications, Market, and Future Prospects. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:11674-11699. [PMID: 37033812 PMCID: PMC10077441 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Surfactants are a group of amphiphilic molecules (i.e., having both hydrophobic and hydrophilic domains) that are a vital part of nearly every contemporary industrial process such as in agriculture, medicine, personal care, food, and petroleum. In general surfactants can be derived from (i) petroleum-based sources or (ii) microbial/plant origins. Petroleum-based surfactants are obvious results from petroleum products, which lead to petroleum pollution and thus pose severe problems to the environment leading to various ecological damages. Thus, newer techniques have been suggested for deriving surfactant molecules and maintaining environmental sustainability. Biosurfactants are surfactants of microbial or plant origins and offer much added advantages such as high biodegradability, lesser toxicity, ease of raw material availability, and easy applicability. Thus, they are also termed "green surfactants". In this regard, this review focused on the advantages of biosurfactants over the synthetic surfactants produced from petroleum-based products along with their potential applications in different industries. We also provided their market aspects and future directions that can be considered with selections of biosurfactants. This would open up new avenues for surfactant research by overcoming the existing bottlenecks in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishnavi
S. Nagtode
- Department
of Oils, Oleochemicals and Surfactants Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Clive Cardoza
- Department
of Oils, Oleochemicals and Surfactants Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Haya Khader Ahmad Yasin
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Center
of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, P.O. Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Suraj N. Mali
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra 835215, India
| | - Srushti M. Tambe
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Pritish Roy
- Department
of Oils, Oleochemicals and Surfactants Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Kartikeya Singh
- Department
of Oils, Oleochemicals and Surfactants Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Antriksh Goel
- Department
of Oils, Oleochemicals and Surfactants Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Purnima D. Amin
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Bapu R. Thorat
- Department
of Chemistry, Government College of Arts
and Science, Aurangabad, Maharashtra 431001, India
| | - Jorddy N. Cruz
- Laboratory
of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological
and Health Sciences, Federal University
of Amapá, Macapá 68902-280, Amapá, Brazil
| | - Amit P. Pratap
- Department
of Oils, Oleochemicals and Surfactants Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
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12
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Valorization of Food Waste to Produce Value-Added Products Based on Its Bioactive Compounds. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11030840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid growth of the global population and changes in lifestyle have led to a significant increase in food waste from various industrial, agricultural, and household sources. Nearly one-third of the food produced annually is wasted, resulting in severe resource depletion. Food waste contains rich organic matter, which, if not managed properly, can pose a serious threat to the environment and human health, making the proper disposal of food waste an urgent global issue. However, various types of food waste, such as waste from fruit, vegetables, grains, and other food production and processing, contain important bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, dietary fiber, proteins, lipids, vitamins, organic acids, and minerals, some of which are found in greater quantities in the discarded parts than in the parts accepted by the market. These bioactive compounds offer the potential to convert food waste into value-added products, and fields including nutritional foods, bioplastics, bioenergy, biosurfactants, biofertilizers, and single cell proteins have welcomed food waste as a novel source. This review reveals the latest insights into the various sources of food waste and the potential of utilizing bioactive compounds to convert it into value-added products, thus enhancing people’s confidence in better utilizing and managing food waste.
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13
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Potential and Restrictions of Food-Waste Valorization through Fermentation Processes. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9030274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Food losses (FL) and waste (FW) occur throughout the food supply chain. These residues are disposed of on landfills producing environmental issues due to pollutants released into the air, water, and soil. Several research efforts have focused on upgrading FL and FW in a portfolio of added-value products and energy vectors. Among the most relevant research advances, biotechnological upgrading of these residues via fermentation has been demonstrated to be a potential valorization alternative. Despite the multiple investigations performed on the conversion of FL and FW, a lack of comprehensive and systematic literature reviews evaluating the potential of fermentative processes to upgrade different food residues has been identified. Therefore, this article reviews the use of FL and FW in fermentative processes considering the composition, operating conditions, platforms, fermentation product application, and restrictions. This review provides the framework of food residue fermentation based on reported applications, experimental, and theoretical data. Moreover, this review provides future research ideas based on the analyzed information. Thus, potential applications and restrictions of the FL and FW used for fermentative processes are highlighted. In the end, food residues fermentation must be considered a mandatory step toward waste minimization, a circular economy, and the development of more sustainable production and consumption patterns.
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14
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Biofouling in Membrane Bioreactors: Mechanism, Interactions and Possible Mitigation Using Biosurfactants. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:2114-2133. [PMID: 36385366 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04261-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Biofouling roots damage to membrane bioreactors (MBRs), such as physical, functional and organisational changes and even therefore clogging of the membrane pores and successive microbial degradation. Further, it blocks the pores, results into a biomass cake and in due course reduces the membrane flux and leads to an increase in the operational costs. MBR fouling contributed to the rise in transmembrane pressure (TMP) and decrease in permeate flux (in case of constant pressure operation mode). Chemical surfactants adopted for the cleaning of membrane surfaces have certain disadvantages such as toxicity manifestations, damage to the membranes and high CMC concentrations. Biosurfactant surfactants have attained increasing interest due to their low toxicity, biodegradability, stability to extreme environmental conditions such as temperatures, pH and tolerance to salinity. The biosurfactants trapped the foulants via micelle formation, which distresses hydrophobic interactions amongst bacteria and the surface. Rhamnolipids as an anionic biosurfactant pose a significant interfacial potential and have affinity to bind organic matter. The present review discusses the problem of biofouling in MBRs, type and interactions of foulants involved and also highlights the mechanisms of biosurfactant cleaning, effect of different parameters, effect of concentration, TMP, flux recovery, permeability, mitigation practices and challenges.
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15
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Tang AYL, Lee CH, Wang Y, Kan CW. Rhamnolipid (RL) microbial biosurfactant-based reverse micellar dyeing of cotton fabric with reactive dyes: A salt-free and alkali-free one-bath one-step approach. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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16
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Dias MAM, Nitschke M. Bacterial-derived surfactants: an update on general aspects and forthcoming applications. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:103-123. [PMID: 36662441 PMCID: PMC9857925 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-00905-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The search for sustainable alternatives to the production of chemicals using renewable substrates and natural processes has been widely encouraged. Microbial surfactants or biosurfactants are surface-active compounds synthesized by fungi, yeasts, and bacteria. Due to their great metabolic versatility, bacteria are the most traditional and well-known microbial surfactant producers, being Bacillus and Pseudomonas species their typical representatives. To be successfully applied in industry, surfactants need to maintain stability under the harsh environmental conditions present in manufacturing processes; thus, the prospection of biosurfactants derived from extremophiles is a promising strategy to the discovery of novel and useful molecules. Bacterial surfactants show interesting properties suitable for a range of applications in the oil industry, food, agriculture, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, bioremediation, and more recently, nanotechnology. In addition, they can be synthesized using renewable resources as substrates, contributing to the circular economy and sustainability. The article presents a general and updated review of bacterial-derived biosurfactants, focusing on the potential of some groups that are still underexploited, as well as, recent trends and contributions of these versatile biomolecules to circular bioeconomy and nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos André Moura Dias
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Departamento de Físico-Química, Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo-USP, Av Trabalhador São Carlense 400, CP 780, CEP 13560-970 São Carlos, SP Brasil
| | - Marcia Nitschke
- Departamento de Físico-Química, Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo-USP, Av Trabalhador São Carlense 400, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brasil.
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17
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Biosurfactant Production from Pineapple Waste and Application of Experimental Design and Statistical Analysis. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:386-400. [PMID: 36083431 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04159-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The use of non-conventional carbon sources for biosurfactant-producing microorganisms is a promising alternative in fermentation to substitute costly substrates. So, the current research used pineapple peel as a cost-effective and renewable substrate because of its rich composition in minerals and sugars and high availability. Following a 22 full factorial design, a bacterial strain of Bacillus subtilis produced biosurfactants in fermentative media containing different concentrations of glucose and concentrated pineapple peel juice (CPPJ). The influence of these two independent variables was evaluated according to three different responses: surface tension reduction rate (STRR), emulsification index (EI24), and concentration of semi-purified biosurfactant (SPB). The maximum value for STRR (57.63%) was obtained in media containing 0.58% glucose (w/v) and 5.82% CPPJ (v/v), while the highest EI24 response (58.60%) was observed at 2% glucose (w/v) and 20% CPPJ (v/v) and maximum SPB (1.28 g/L) at 3.42% glucose (w/v) and 34.18% CPPJ (v/v). Statistical analysis indicated that the CPPJ variable mostly influenced the STRR and SPB responses, whereas the EI24 was significantly influenced by pineapple peel juice and glucose contents.
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18
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Carolin C F, Senthil Kumar P, Mohanakrishna G, Hemavathy RV, Rangasamy G, M Aminabhavi T. Sustainable production of biosurfactants via valorisation of industrial wastes as alternate feedstocks. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 312:137326. [PMID: 36410507 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Globally, the rapid increase in the human population has given rise to a variety of industries, which have produced a variety of wastes. Due to their detrimental effects on both human and environmental health, pollutants from industry have taken centre stage among the various types of waste produced. The amount of waste produced has therefore increased the demand for effective waste management. In order to create valuable chemicals for sustainable waste management, trash must be viewed as valuable addition. One of the most environmentally beneficial and sustainable choices is to use garbage to make biosurfactants. The utilization of waste in the production of biosurfactant provides lower processing costs, higher availability of feedstock and environmental friendly product along with its characteristics. The current review focuses on the use of industrial wastes in the creation of sustainable biosurfactants and discusses how biosurfactants are categorized. Waste generation in the fruit industry, agro-based industries, as well as sugar-industry and dairy-based industries is documented. Each waste and wastewater are listed along with its benefits and drawbacks. This review places a strong emphasis on waste management, which has important implications for the bioeconomy. It also offers the most recent scientific literature on industrial waste, including information on the role of renewable feedstock for the production of biosurfactants, as well as the difficulties and unmet research needs in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femina Carolin C
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India; School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon.
| | - Gunda Mohanakrishna
- School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, Karnataka, 580031, India.
| | - R V Hemavathy
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | | | - Tejraj M Aminabhavi
- School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, Karnataka, 580031, India; University Center for Research & Development (UCRD), Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, Panjab, India
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19
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Mgbechidinma CL, Akan OD, Zhang C, Huang M, Linus N, Zhu H, Wakil SM. Integration of green economy concepts for sustainable biosurfactant production - A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 364:128021. [PMID: 36167175 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The link between increasing global population, food demand, industrialization, and agricultural waste is strong. Decomposing by-products from food cycles can introduce harmful toxic heavy metals, active degrading microbes, and enzymes to the environment. Additionally, high greenhouse gas emissions from the decomposing wastes contribute to global change and a high carbon economy. The bioeconomy and circular economy of biosurfactant production utilize these cheap feedstocks and promote waste to valuable product initiatives. Waste reduction, reuse, and recycling in an integrating green economy bioprocess ensure the sustainability of novel, cost-effective, safe, and renewable health-grade biosurfactants. This work reviews green economy concepts integration with sustainable biosurfactant production and its application in health-related industries. Benefits from recent advances in the production, characterization, and health-wise classification of biosurfactants were further discussed, including its limitations, techno-economic assessment, market evaluations, possible roadblocks, and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiamaka Linda Mgbechidinma
- Integrated Life Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, China; Department of Microbiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State 200243, Nigeria
| | - Otobong Donald Akan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan 41004, China; Microbiology Department, Akwa-Ibom State University, Akwa-Ibom State, Nigeria
| | - Chunfang Zhang
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengzhen Huang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan 41004, China
| | - Nsemeke Linus
- Biochemistry Department, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria
| | - He Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan 41004, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Shandong, China
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20
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Guava Seed Oil: Potential Waste for the Rhamnolipids Production. FERMENTATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8080379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Guava is consumed in natura and is also of considerable importance to the food industry. The seeds and peel of this fruit are discarded, however, guava seeds yield oil (~13%) that can be used for the bioproducts synthesis. The use of a by-product as a carbon source is advantageous, as it reduces the environmental impact of possible harmful materials to nature, while adding value to products. In addition, the use of untested substrates can bring new yield and characterization results. Thus, this research sought to study rhamnolipids (RLs) production from guava seed oil, a by-product of the fructorefinery. The experiments were carried out using Pseudomonas aeruginosa LBI 2A1 and experimental design was used to optimize the variables Carbon and Nitrogen concentration. Characterization of RLs produced occurred by LC-MS. In this study, variables in the quadratic forms and the interaction between them influenced the response (p < 0.05). The most significant variable was N concentration. Maximum RLs yield achieved 39.97 g/L, predominantly of mono-RL. Characterization analysis revealed 9 homologues including the presence of RhaC10C14:2 (m/z 555) whose structure has not previously been observed. This research showed that guava seed oil is an alternative potential carbon source for rhamnolipid production with rare rhamnolipid homologues.
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21
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Park K, Lim J. Synthesis of phospholipid based zwitterionic surfactant from coconut oil source and characterization of their interfacial, antiseptic and antiviral properties. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Abo-zeid Y, Bakkar MR, Elkhouly GE, Raya NR, Zaafar D. Rhamnolipid Nano-Micelles versus Alcohol-Based Hand Sanitizer: A Comparative Study for Antibacterial Activity against Hospital-Acquired Infections and Toxicity Concerns. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11050605. [PMID: 35625249 PMCID: PMC9137935 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11050605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are considered to be a major global healthcare challenge, in large part because of the development of microbial resistance to currently approved antimicrobial drugs. HAIs are frequently preventable through infection prevention and control measures, with hand hygiene as a key activity. Improving hand hygiene was reported to reduce the transmission of healthcare-associated pathogens and HAIs. Alcohol-based hand sanitizers are commonly used due to their rapid action and broad spectrum of microbicidal activity, offering protection against bacteria and viruses. However, their frequent administration has been reported to be associated with many side effects, such as skin sensitivity, skin drying, and cracks, which promote further skin infections. Thus, there is an essential need to find alternative approaches to hand sanitation. Rhamnolipids are glycolipids produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and were shown to have broad antimicrobial activity as biosurfactants. We have previously demonstrated the antimicrobial activity of rhamnolipid nano-micelles against selected drug-resistant Gram-negative (Salmonella Montevideo and Salmonella Typhimurium) and Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae). To the best of our knowledge, the antimicrobial activity of rhamnolipid nano-micelles in comparison to alcohol-based hand sanitizers against microorganisms commonly causing HAIs in Egypt—such as Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus—has not yet been studied. In the present work, a comparative study of the antibacterial activity of rhamnolipid nano-micelles versus alcohol-based hand sanitizers was performed, and their safety profiles were also assessed. It was demonstrated that rhamnolipid nano-micelles had a comparable antibacterial activity to alcohol-based hand sanitizer, with a better safety profile, i.e., rhamnolipid nano-micelles are unlikely to cause any harmful effects on the skin. Thus, rhamnolipid nano-micelles could be recommended to replace alcohol-based hand sanitizers; however, they must still be tested by healthcare workers in healthcare settings to ascertain their antimicrobial activity and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Abo-zeid
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt; (G.E.E.); (N.R.R.)
- Helwan Nanotechnology Center, Helwan University, Cairo 11792, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +20-10-92792846
| | - Marwa Reda Bakkar
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt;
| | - Gehad E. Elkhouly
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt; (G.E.E.); (N.R.R.)
- Helwan Nanotechnology Center, Helwan University, Cairo 11792, Egypt
| | - Nermeen R. Raya
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt; (G.E.E.); (N.R.R.)
- Helwan Nanotechnology Center, Helwan University, Cairo 11792, Egypt
| | - Dalia Zaafar
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo 12055, Egypt;
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23
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Blunt W, Blanchard C, Morley K. Effects of environmental parameters on microbial rhamnolipid biosynthesis and bioreactor strategies for enhanced productivity. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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24
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Conversion of Waste Cooking Oil to Rhamnolipid by a Newly Oleophylic Pseudomonas aeruginosa WO2. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031700. [PMID: 35162723 PMCID: PMC8835509 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The components of waste cooking oil (WCO) are complex and contain toxic substances, which are difficult to treat biologically. Pseudomonas aeruginosa WO2 was isolated from oily sludge by an anaerobic enrichment–aerobic screening method, which could efficiently utilize WCO and produce rhamnolipid. The effects of nutrients and culture conditions on bacterial growth and lipase activity were investigated to optimize the fermentation of WCO. The results showed that strain WO2 utilized 92.25% of WCO and produced 3.03 g/L of rhamnolipid at 120 h. Compared with inorganic sources, the organic nitrogen source stabilized the pH of fermentation medium, improved lipase activity (up to 19.98 U/mL), and promoted the utilization of WCO. Furthermore, the WO2 strain exhibited inferior utilization ability of the soluble starch contained in food waste, but superior salt stress up to 60 g/L. These unique characteristics demonstrate the potential of Pseudomonas aeruginosa WO2 for the utilization of high-salinity oily organic waste or wastewater.
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25
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Maibeche R, Boucherba N, Bendjeddou K, Prins A, Bouiche C, Hamma S, Benhoula M, Azzouz Z, Bettache A, Benallaoua S, Le Roes-Hill M. Peroxidase-producing actinobacteria from Algerian environments and insights from the genome sequence of peroxidase-producing Streptomyces sp. S19. Int Microbiol 2022; 25:379-396. [DOI: 10.1007/s10123-022-00236-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Environmental Impacts of Biosurfactants from a Life Cycle Perspective: A Systematic Literature Review. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 181:235-269. [DOI: 10.1007/10_2021_194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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27
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Synthesis and Characterization of Rhamnolipid Biosurfactant Produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa PTCC 1340 for Emulsification of Oil Sludge in Oil Storage Tank. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-021-05872-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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28
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Process Development in Biosurfactant Production. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 181:195-233. [DOI: 10.1007/10_2021_195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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29
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Loeto D, Jongman M, Lekote L, Muzila M, Mokomane M, Motlhanka K, Ndlovu T, Zhou N. Biosurfactant production by halophilic yeasts isolated from extreme environments in Botswana. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2021; 368:6426179. [PMID: 34788824 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnab146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Nine morphologically distinct halophilic yeasts were isolated from Makgadikgadi and Sua pans, as pristine and extreme environments in Botswana. Screening for biosurfactant production showed that Rhodotorula mucilaginosa SP6 and Debaryomyces hansenii MK9 exhibited the highest biosurfactant activity using Xanthocercis zambesiaca seed powder as a novel and alternative inexpensive carbon substrate. Chemical characterization of the purified biosurfactants by Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy suggested that the biosurfactant from R. mucilaginosa SP6 was a rhamnolipid-type whereas the biosurfactant from D. hansenii MK9 was a sophorolipid-type. The two biosurfactants exhibited antimicrobial activities against eight pathogenic bacteria and fungal strains (Proteus vulgaris, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida albicans and Aspergilus niger). The sophorolopid-type biosurfactant was found to be the most potent among the antimicrobial drug resistant strains tested. The findings open up prospects for the development of environmentally friendly antimicrobial drugs that use an inexpensive source of carbon to reduce the costs associated with the production of biosurfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Loeto
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Botswana, Private Bag 0022, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Mosimanegape Jongman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Botswana, Private Bag 0022, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Lerato Lekote
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Botswana, Private Bag 0022, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Mbaki Muzila
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Botswana, Private Bag 0022, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Margaret Mokomane
- School of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana, Private Bag 0022, Gaborone Botswana
| | - Koketso Motlhanka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Botswana, Private Bag 0022, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Thando Ndlovu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Botswana, Private Bag 0022, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Nerve Zhou
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana University of Science and Technology, Private Bag 16, Palapye, Botswana
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Combining OSMAC Approach and Untargeted Metabolomics for the Identification of New Glycolipids with Potent Antiviral Activity Produced by a Marine Rhodococcus. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22169055. [PMID: 34445761 PMCID: PMC8396431 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products of microbial origin have inspired most of the commercial pharmaceuticals, especially those from Actinobacteria. However, the redundancy of molecules in the discovery process represents a serious issue. The untargeted approach, One Strain Many Compounds (OSMAC), is one of the most promising strategies to induce the expression of silent genes, especially when combined with genome mining and advanced metabolomics analysis. In this work, the whole genome of the marine isolate Rhodococcus sp. I2R was sequenced and analyzed by antiSMASH for the identification of biosynthetic gene clusters. The strain was cultivated in 22 different growth media and the generated extracts were subjected to metabolomic analysis and functional screening. Notably, only a single growth condition induced the production of unique compounds, which were partially purified and structurally characterized by liquid chromatography high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS). This strategy led to identifying a bioactive fraction containing >30 new glycolipids holding unusual functional groups. The active fraction showed a potent antiviral effect against enveloped viruses, such as herpes simplex virus and human coronaviruses, and high antiproliferative activity in PC3 prostate cancer cell line. The identified compounds belong to the biosurfactants class, amphiphilic molecules, which play a crucial role in the biotech and biomedical industry.
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Glycolipid Biosurfactant Production from Waste Cooking Oils by Yeast: Review of Substrates, Producers and Products. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation7030136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Biosurfactants are a microbially synthesized alternative to synthetic surfactants, one of the most important bulk chemicals. Some yeast species are proven to be exceptional biosurfactant producers, while others are emerging producers. A set of factors affects the type, amount, and properties of the biosurfactant produced, as well as the environmental impact and costs of biosurfactant’s production. Exploring waste cooking oil as a substrate for biosurfactants’ production serves as an effective cost-cutting strategy, yet it has some limitations. This review explores the existing knowledge on utilizing waste cooking oil as a feedstock to produce glycolipid biosurfactants by yeast. The review focuses specifically on the differences created by using raw cooking oil or waste cooking oil as the substrate on the ability of various yeast species to synthesize sophorolipids, rhamnolipids, mannosylerythritol lipids, and other glycolipids and the substrate’s impact on the composition, properties, and limitations in the application of biosurfactants.
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França ÍWL, Oliveira DWF, Giro MEA, Melo VMM, Gonçalves LRB. Production of surfactin by
Bacillus subtilis
LAMI005
and evaluation of its potential as tensoactive and emulsifier. CAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.24240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vânia Maria Maciel Melo
- Departamento de Biologia ‐ LemBiotech ‐ Laboratório de Ecologia Microbiana e Biotecnologia Universidade Federal do Ceará Fortaleza Brazil
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Bongartz P, Bator I, Baitalow K, Keller R, Tiso T, Blank LM, Wessling M. A scalable bubble-free membrane aerator for biosurfactant production. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:3545-3558. [PMID: 34002856 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The bioeconomy is a paramount pillar in the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. Still, the industrialization of bioprocesses is limited by economical and technical obstacles. The synthesis of biosurfactants as advanced substitutes for crude-oil-based surfactants is often restrained by excessive foaming. We present the synergistic combination of simulations and experiments towards a reactor design of a submerged membrane module for the efficient bubble-free aeration of bioreactors. A digital twin of the combined bioreactor and membrane aeration module was created and the membrane arrangement was optimized in computational fluid dynamics studies with respect to fluid mixing. The optimized design was prototyped and tested in whole-cell biocatalysis to produce rhamnolipid biosurfactants from sugars. Without any foam formation, the new design enables a considerable higher space-time yield compared to previous studies with membrane modules. The design approach of this study is of generic nature beyond rhamnolipid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Bongartz
- Chemical Process Engineering (AVT.CVT), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Isabel Bator
- Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Institute of Applied Microbiology, Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kristina Baitalow
- Chemical Process Engineering (AVT.CVT), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Robert Keller
- Chemical Process Engineering (AVT.CVT), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Till Tiso
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lars Mathias Blank
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias Wessling
- Chemical Process Engineering (AVT.CVT), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,DWI Leibniz - Institute for Interactive Materials, Aachen, Germany
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Production of Biosurfactants by Ascomycetes. Int J Microbiol 2021; 2021:6669263. [PMID: 33936207 PMCID: PMC8062187 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6669263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Surfactants are utilized to reduce surface tension in aqueous and nonaqueous systems. Currently, most synthetic surfactants are derived from petroleum. However, these surfactants are usually highly toxic and are poorly degraded by microorganisms. To overcome these problems associated with synthetic surfactants, the production of microbial surfactants (called biosurfactants) has been studied in recent years. Most studies investigating the production of biosurfactants have been associated mainly with bacteria and yeasts; however, there is emerging evidence that those derived from fungi are promising. The filamentous fungi ascomycetes have been studied for the production of biosurfactants from renewable substrates. However, the yield of biosurfactants by ascomycetes depends on several factors, such as the species, nutritional sources, and environmental conditions. In this review, we explored the production, chemical characterization, and application of biosurfactants by ascomycetes.
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Yea D, Lee Y, Park K, Lim J. Synthesis of eco-friendly fatty acid based zwitterionic biosurfactants from coconut oil sources and characterization of their interfacial properties,. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ismail R, Baaity Z, Csóka I. Regulatory status quo and prospects for biosurfactants in pharmaceutical applications. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:1929-1935. [PMID: 33831583 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The concept of going 'green' and 'cold' has led to utilizing renewable resources for the synthesis of microbial biosurfactants that are both patient and eco-friendly. In this review, we shed light on the potential and regulatory aspects of biosurfactants in pharmaceutical applications and how they can significantly contribute to novel concepts for the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine and future treatment. We emphasize that more specific guidelines should be formulated to regulate the approval of biosurfactants for human use. It is also crucial to implement a risk-based approach from the early research and development (R&D) phase in addition to establishing more robust standardized techniques and assays to evaluate the characteristics of biosurfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruba Ismail
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös Str. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Rerrich Bela Sq.1., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Zain Baaity
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, 10 Dóm Square, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Csóka
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös Str. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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Kim JH, Oh YR, Hwang J, Kang J, Kim H, Jang YA, Lee SS, Hwang SY, Park J, Eom GT. Valorization of waste-cooking oil into sophorolipids and application of their methyl hydroxyl branched fatty acid derivatives to produce engineering bioplastics. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 124:195-202. [PMID: 33631444 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Waste-cooking oil (WCO) is defined as vegetable oil that has been used to fry food at high temperatures. The annual global generation of WCO is 41-67 million tons. Without proper treatment, most WCO is abandoned in sinks and the solid residue of WCO is disposed of in landfills, resulting in serious environmental problems. Recycling and valorizing WCO have received considerable attention to reduce its negative impact on ecosystems. To convert WCO into a high value-added compound, we aimed to produce sophorolipids (SLs) that are industrially important biosurfactants, using WCO as a hydrophobic substrate by the fed-batch fermentation of Starmerella bombicola. The SLs concentration was increased ~3.7-fold compared with flask culture (315.6 vs. 84.8 g/L), which is the highest value ever generated from WCO. To expand the applications of SLs, we prepared methyl hydroxy branched fatty acids (MHBFAs) from SLs, which are important chemicals for various industries yet difficult to produce by chemical methods, using a bio-chemical hybrid approach. We synthesized bio-based plastics using MHBFAs as co-monomers. Compared with the control polymer without MHBFAs, even the incorporation of 1 mol% into polymer chains improved mechanical properties (such as ultimate tensile strength, 1.1-fold increase; toughness, 1.3-fold increase). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to apply MHBFAs from SLs derived from WCO to building blocks of plastics. Thus, we extended the valorization areas of WCO to one of the world's largest industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hun Kim
- Research Center for Chemical Biotechnology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 406-30, Jongga-ro, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Ri Oh
- Research Center for Chemical Biotechnology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 406-30, Jongga-ro, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyoung Hwang
- Research Center for Chemical Biotechnology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 406-30, Jongga-ro, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeryeon Kang
- Research Center for Chemical Biotechnology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 406-30, Jongga-ro, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeri Kim
- Research Center for Chemical Biotechnology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 406-30, Jongga-ro, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ah Jang
- Research Center for Chemical Biotechnology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 406-30, Jongga-ro, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Soo Lee
- Research Center for Chemical Biotechnology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 406-30, Jongga-ro, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Yeon Hwang
- Research Center for Chemical Biotechnology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 406-30, Jongga-ro, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea; Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeyoung Park
- Research Center for Chemical Biotechnology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 406-30, Jongga-ro, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea; Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gyeong Tae Eom
- Research Center for Chemical Biotechnology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 406-30, Jongga-ro, Ulsan 44429, Republic of Korea; Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
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38
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Kim JH, Oh YR, Han SW, Jang YA, Hong SH, Ahn JH, Eom GT. Enhancement of sophorolipids production in Candida batistae, an unexplored sophorolipids producer, by fed-batch fermentation. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:831-839. [PMID: 33683450 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02493-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Sophorolipids (SLs) from Candida batistae has a unique structure that contains ω-hydroxy fatty acids, which can be used as a building block in the polymer and fragrance industries. To improve the production of this industrially important SLs, we optimized the culture medium of C. batistae for the first time. Using an optimized culture medium composed of 50 g/L glucose, 50 g/L rapeseed oil, 5 g/L ammonium nitrate and 5 g/L yeast extract, SLs were produced at a concentration of 24.1 g/L in a flask culture. Sophorolipids production increased by about 19% (28.6 g/L) in a fed-batch fermentation using a 5 L fermentor. Sophorolipids production more increased by about 121% (53.2 g/L), compared with that in a flask culture, in a fed-batch fermentation using a 50 L fermentor, which was about 787% higher than that of the previously reported SLs production (6 g/L). These results indicate that a significant increase in C. batistae-derived SLs production can be achieved by optimization of the culture medium composition and fed-batch fermentation. Finally, we successfully separated and purified the SLs from the culture medium. The improved production of SLs from C. batistae in this study will help facilitate the successful development of applications for the SLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hun Kim
- Bio-Based Chemistry Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 406-30, Jongga-ro, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Ri Oh
- Bio-Based Chemistry Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 406-30, Jongga-ro, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Woo Han
- Bio-Based Chemistry Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 406-30, Jongga-ro, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ah Jang
- Bio-Based Chemistry Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 406-30, Jongga-ro, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Ho Hong
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Ulsan, 93 Daehak-ro, Nam-gu, Ulsan, 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hoon Ahn
- Korea Science Academy of Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Busan, 47162, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong Tae Eom
- Bio-Based Chemistry Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 406-30, Jongga-ro, Ulsan, 44429, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Green Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-350, Republic of Korea.
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The role of transport proteins in the production of microbial glycolipid biosurfactants. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:1779-1793. [PMID: 33576882 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11156-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Several microorganisms are currently being used as production platform for glycolipid biosurfactants, providing a greener alternative to chemical biosurfactants. One of the reasons why these processes are commercially competitive is the fact that microbial producers can efficiently export their product to the extracellular environment, reaching high product titers. Glycolipid biosynthetic genes are often found in a dedicated cluster, amidst which genes encoding a dedicated transporter committed to shuttle the glycolipid to the extracellular environment are often found, as is the case for many other secondary metabolites. Knowing this, one can rely on gene clustering features to screen for novel putative transporters, as described and performed in this review. The above strategy proves to be very powerful to identify glycolipid transporters in fungi but is less valid for bacterial systems. Indeed, the genetics of these export systems are currently largely unknown, but some hints are given. Apart from the direct export of the glycolipid, several other transport systems have an indirect effect on glycolipid production. Specific importers dictate which hydrophilic and hydrophobic substrates can be used for production and influence the final yields. In eukaryotes, cellular compartmentalization allows the assembly of glycolipid building blocks in a highly specialized and efficient way. Yet, this requires controlled transport across intracellular membranes. Next to the direct export of glycolipids, the current state of the art regarding this indirect involvement of transporter systems in microbial glycolipid synthesis is summarized in this review. KEY POINTS: • Transporters are directly and indirectly involved in microbial glycolipid synthesis. • Yeast glycolipid transporters are found in their biosynthetic gene cluster. • Hydrophilic and hydrophobic substrate uptake influence microbial glycolipid synthesis.
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40
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Sanches BCP, Rocha CA, Martin Bedoya JG, da Silva VL, da Silva PB, Fusco-Almeida AM, Chorilli M, Contiero J, Crusca E, Marchetto R. Rhamnolipid-Based Liposomes as Promising Nano-Carriers for Enhancing the Antibacterial Activity of Peptides Derived from Bacterial Toxin-Antitoxin Systems. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:925-939. [PMID: 33603360 PMCID: PMC7882795 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s283400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antimicrobial resistance poses substantial risks to human health. Thus, there is an urgent need for novel antimicrobial agents, including alternative compounds, such as peptides derived from bacterial toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems. ParELC3 is a synthetic peptide derived from the ParE toxin reported to be a good inhibitor of bacterial topoisomerases and is therefore a potential antibacterial agent. However, ParELC3 is inactive against bacteria due to its inability to cross the bacterial membranes. To circumvent this limitation we prepared and used rhamnolipid-based liposomes to carry and facilitate the passage of ParELC3 through the bacterial membrane to reach its intracellular target - the topoisomerases. Methods and Results Small unilamellar liposome vesicles were prepared by sonication from three formulations that included 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and cholesterol. ParELC3 was loaded with high efficiency into the liposomes. Characterization by DLS and TEM revealed the appropriate size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, and morphology. In vitro microbiological experiments showed that ParELC3 loaded-liposomes are more efficient (29 to 11 µmol·L−1) compared to the free peptide (>100 µmol·L−1) at inhibiting the growth of standard E. coli and S. aureus strains. RL liposomes showed high hemolytic activity but when prepared with POPC and Chol this activity had a significant reduction. Independently of the formulation, the vesicles had no detectable cytotoxicity to HepG2 cells, even at the highest concentrations tested (1.3 mmol·L−1 and 50 µmol·L−1 for rhamnolipid and ParELC3, respectively). Conclusion The present findings suggest the potential use of rhamnolipid-based liposomes as nanocarrier systems to enhance the bioactivity of peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Cristina Pecoraro Sanches
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Organic Chemistry, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila Aguiar Rocha
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Organic Chemistry, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Jose Gregorio Martin Bedoya
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Organic Chemistry, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Luiz da Silva
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of General and Applied Biology, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Bento da Silva
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Drugs and Medicines, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Marisa Fusco-Almeida
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Drugs and Medicines, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Jonas Contiero
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of General and Applied Biology, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Edson Crusca
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Organic Chemistry, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo Marchetto
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Organic Chemistry, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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Biosurfactants’ Potential Role in Combating COVID-19 and Similar Future Microbial Threats. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app11010334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
During 2020, the world has experienced extreme vulnerability in the face of a disease outbreak. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic discovered in China and rapidly spread across the globe, infecting millions, causing hundreds of thousands of deaths, and severe downturns in the economies of countries worldwide. Biosurfactants can play a significant role in the prevention, control and treatment of diseases caused by these pathogenic agents through various therapeutic, pharmaceutical, environmental and hygiene approaches. Biosurfactants have the potential to inhibit microbial species with virulent intrinsic characteristics capable of developing diseases with high morbidity and mortality, as well as interrupting their spread through environmental and hygiene interventions. This is possible due to their antimicrobial activity, ability to interact with cells forming micelles and to interact with the immune system, and compatibility with relevant processes such as nanoparticle synthesis. They, therefore, can be applied in developing innovative and more effective pharmaceutical, therapeutics, sustainable and friendly environmental management approaches, less toxic formulations, and more efficient cleaning agents. These approaches can be easily integrated into relevant product development pipelines and implemented as measures for combating and managing pandemics. This review examines the potential approaches of biosurfactants as useful molecules in fighting microbial pathogens both known and previously unknown, such as COVID-19.
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Blesken CC, Strümpfler T, Tiso T, Blank LM. Uncoupling Foam Fractionation and Foam Adsorption for Enhanced Biosurfactant Synthesis and Recovery. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8122029. [PMID: 33353027 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8122029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of biosurfactants is often hampered by excessive foaming in the bioreactor, impacting system scale-up and downstream processing. Foam fractionation was proposed to tackle this challenge by combining in situ product removal with a pre-purification step. In previous studies, foam fractionation was coupled to bioreactor operation, hence it was operated at suboptimal parameters. Here, we use an external fractionation column to decouple biosurfactant production from foam fractionation, enabling continuous surfactant separation, which is especially suited for system scale-up. As a subsequent product recovery step, continuous foam adsorption was integrated into the process. The configuration is evaluated for rhamnolipid (RL) or 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkanoic acid (HAA, i.e., RL precursor) production by recombinant non-pathogenic Pseudomonas putida KT2440. Surfactant concentrations of 7.5 gRL/L and 2.0 gHAA/L were obtained in the fractionated foam. 4.7 g RLs and 2.8 g HAAs could be separated in the 2-stage recovery process within 36 h from a 2 L culture volume. With a culture volume scale-up to 9 L, 16 g RLs were adsorbed, and the space-time yield (STY) increased by 31% to 0.21 gRL/L·h. We demonstrate a well-performing process design for biosurfactant production and recovery as a contribution to a vital bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian C Blesken
- iAMB-Institute of Applied Microbiology, ABBt-Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Tessa Strümpfler
- iAMB-Institute of Applied Microbiology, ABBt-Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Till Tiso
- iAMB-Institute of Applied Microbiology, ABBt-Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Lars M Blank
- iAMB-Institute of Applied Microbiology, ABBt-Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Giri SS, Kim HJ, Kim SG, Kim SW, Kwon J, Lee SB, Park SC. Immunomodulatory Role of Microbial Surfactants, with Special Emphasis on Fish. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197004. [PMID: 32977579 PMCID: PMC7582933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial surfactants (biosurfactants) are a broad category of surface-active biomolecules with multifunctional properties. They self-assemble in aqueous solutions and are adsorbed on various interfaces, causing a decrease in surface tension, as well as interfacial tension, solubilization of hydrophobic compounds, and low critical micellization concentrations. Microbial biosurfactants have been investigated and applied in several fields, including bioremediation, biodegradation, food industry, and cosmetics. Biosurfactants also exhibit anti-microbial, anti-biofilm, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, and immunomodulatory activities. Recently, it has been reported that biosurfactants can increase the immune responses and disease resistance of fish. Among various microbial surfactants, lipopeptides, glycolipids, and phospholipids are predominantly investigated. This review presents the various immunological activities of biosurfactants, mainly glycolipids and lipopeptides. The applications of biosurfactants in aquaculture, as well as their immunomodulatory activities, that make them novel therapeutic candidates have been also discussed in this review.
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Recent progress and trends in the analysis and identification of rhamnolipids. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:8171-8186. [PMID: 32845366 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10841-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Rhamnolipids have extensive potential applications and are the most promising biosurfactants for commercialization. The efficient and accurate identification and analysis of these are important to their production, application and commercialization. Accordingly, significant efforts have been made to identify and analyse rhamnolipids during screening of producing strains, fermentation and application processes. Cationic cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-methylene blue (CTAB-MB) test combines a series of indirect assays to efficiently assist in the primary screening of rhamnolipids-producing strains, while the secretion of rhamnolipids by these strains can be identified through TLC, FTIR, NMR, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and HPLC-MS analysis. Rhamnolipids can be quantified by colorimetric methods requiring the use of concentrated acid, and this approach has the advantages of reliability, simplicity, low-cost and excellent reproducibility with very low technological requirements. HPLC-MS can also be employed as required as a more accurate quantification method. In addition, HPLC-ELSD has been established as the internationally acceptable measure of rhamnolipids for commercial purposes. The preparation of well-accepted rhamnolipids standards and modifications of analysis operations are essential to further enhance the accuracy and improve the simplicity of rhamnolipid analysis.Key points• Current status of R&D works on determination of rhamnolipids is listed• Advantages and disadvantages of various types analysis are summarized• Limitations of current rhamnolipid quantification are discussed Graphical abstract.
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Bator I, Karmainski T, Tiso T, Blank LM. Killing Two Birds With One Stone - Strain Engineering Facilitates the Development of a Unique Rhamnolipid Production Process. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:899. [PMID: 32850747 PMCID: PMC7427536 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
High-titer biosurfactant production in aerated fermenters using hydrophilic substrates is often hampered by excessive foaming. Ethanol has been shown to efficiently destabilize foam of rhamnolipids, a popular group of biosurfactants. To exploit this feature, we used ethanol as carbon source and defoamer, without introducing novel challenges for rhamnolipid purification. In detail, we engineered the non-pathogenic Pseudomonas putida KT2440 for heterologous rhamnolipid production from ethanol. To obtain a strain with high growth rate on ethanol as sole carbon source at elevated ethanol concentrations, adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) was performed. Genome re-sequencing allowed to allocate the phenotypic changes to emerged mutations. Several genes were affected and differentially expressed including alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases, potentially contributing to the increased growth rate on ethanol of 0.51 h-1 after ALE. Further, mutations in genes were found, which possibly led to increased ethanol tolerance. The engineered rhamnolipid producer was used in a fed-batch fermentation with automated ethanol addition over 23 h, which resulted in a 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkanoates and mono-rhamnolipids concentration of about 5 g L-1. The ethanol concomitantly served as carbon source and defoamer with the advantage of increased rhamnolipid and biomass production. In summary, we present a unique combination of strain and process engineering that facilitated the development of a stable fed-batch fermentation for rhamnolipid production, circumventing mechanical or chemical foam disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Bator
- iAMB - Institute of Applied Microbiology, ABBt - Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Tobias Karmainski
- iAMB - Institute of Applied Microbiology, ABBt - Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Till Tiso
- iAMB - Institute of Applied Microbiology, ABBt - Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Lars M Blank
- iAMB - Institute of Applied Microbiology, ABBt - Aachen Biology and Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Bioeconomy Science Center (BioSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
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Genome Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa KT1115, a High Di-rhamnolipid-Producing Strain with Strong Oils Metabolizing Ability. Curr Microbiol 2020; 77:1890-1895. [DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-02009-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Loeschcke A, Thies S. Engineering of natural product biosynthesis in Pseudomonas putida. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2020; 65:213-224. [PMID: 32498036 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2020.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Loeschcke
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Stephan Thies
- Institute of Molecular Enzyme Technology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Xu N, Liu S, Xu L, Zhou J, Xin F, Zhang W, Qian X, Li M, Dong W, Jiang M. Enhanced rhamnolipids production using a novel bioreactor system based on integrated foam-control and repeated fed-batch fermentation strategy. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2020; 13:80. [PMID: 32346396 PMCID: PMC7181576 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-020-01716-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhamnolipids are the best known microbial-derived biosurfactants, which has attracted great interest as potential ''green" alternative for synthetic surfactants. However, rhamnolipids are the major contributors to severe foam problems, which greatly inhibit the economics of industrial-scale production. In this study, a novel foam-control system was established for ex situ dealing with the massive overflowing foam. Based on the designed facility, foam reduction efficiency, rhamnolipids production by batch and repeated fed-batch fermentation were comprehensively investigated. RESULTS An ex situ foam-control system was developed to control the massive overflowing foam and improve rhamnolipids production. It was found that the size of individual bubble in the early stage was much larger than that of late fermentation stage. The foam liquefaction efficiency decreased from 54.37% at the beginning to only 9.23% at the end of the fermentation. This difference of bubble stability directly resulted in higher foam reduction efficiency of 67.46% in the early stage, whereas the small uniform bubbles can only be reduced by 57.53% at the later fermentation stage. Moreover, reduction of secondary foam is very important for foam controlling. Two improved designs of the device in this study obtained about 20% improvement of foam reduction efficiency, respectively. The batch fermentation result showed that the average volume of the overflowing foam was reduced from 58-640 to 19-216 mL/min during the fermentation process, presenting a notable reduction efficiency ranging from 51.92 to 73.47%. Meanwhile, rhamnolipids production of batch fermentation reached 45.63 g/L, and the yield 0.76 g/g was significantly better than ever reported. Further, a repeated fed-batch fermentation based on the overall optimization was carried out. Total rhamnolipids concentration reached 48.67 g/L with the yield around of 0.67-0.83 g/g, which presented an improvement of 62% and 49% compared with conventional batch fermentation by using various kinds of defoamers, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The ex situ foam-control system presented a notable reduction efficiency, which helped greatly to easily solve the severe foaming problem without any defoamer addition. Moreover, rhamnolipids production and yield by repeated fed-batch fermentation obtained prominent improvement compared to conventional batch cultivation, which can further facilitate economical rhamnolipids production at large scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211816 People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shixun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211816 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lijie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211816 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211816 People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengxue Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211816 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211816 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiujuan Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211816 People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211816 People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiliang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211816 People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Puzhu South Road 30#, Nanjing, 211816 People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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Hrůzová K, Patel A, Masák J, Maťátková O, Rova U, Christakopoulos P, Matsakas L. A novel approach for the production of green biosurfactant from Pseudomonas aeruginosa using renewable forest biomass. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 711:135099. [PMID: 32000342 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The rising demand for surfactants by the pharmaceuticals and cosmetic industries has generated vast amounts of petroleum-based synthetic surfactants, which are often toxic and non-degradable. Owing to their low toxicity, stability in extreme conditions, and biodegradability, biosurfactants could represent a sustainable alternative. The present study aimed to maximize the production of rhamnolipids (RL) from Pseudomonas aeruginosa by optimizing glucose concentration, temperature, and C/N and C/P ratios. After 96 h of cultivation at 37 °C, the final RL concentration was 4.18 ± 0.19 g/L with a final yield of 0.214 ± 0.010 g/gglucose when pure glucose was used as a carbon source. At present, the main obstacle towards commercialization of RL production is economic sustainability, due to the high cost of downstream processes and media components. For this reason, a renewable source such as wood hydrolysates (from birch and spruce woodchips) was examined here as a possible source of glucose for RL production. Both hydrolysates proved to be adequate, resulting in 2.34 ± 0.17 and 2.31 ± 0.10 g/L of RL, respectively, and corresponding yields of 0.081 ± 0.006 and 0.089 ± 0.004 g/gsugar after 96 h. These results demonstrate the potential of using renewable biomass for the production of biosurfactants and, to the best of our knowledge, they constitute the first report on the use of wood hydrolysates for RL production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Hrůzová
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Alok Patel
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Jan Masák
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Maťátková
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ulrika Rova
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Paul Christakopoulos
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Leonidas Matsakas
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden.
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