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Zhang XY, Liu TS, Hu JY. Antibiotics removal and antimicrobial resistance control by ozone/peroxymonosulfate-biological activated carbon: A novel treatment process. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 261:122069. [PMID: 39003878 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Biological activated carbon (BAC) is one of the important treatment processes in wastewater and advanced water treatment. However, the BAC process has been reported to have antimicrobial resistance (AMR) risks. In this study, a new BAC-related treatment process was developed to reduce AMR caused by BAC treatment: ozone/peroxymonosulfate-BAC (O3/PMS-BAC). The O3/PMS-BAC showed better treatment performance on the targeted five antibiotics and dissolved organic matter removal than O3-BAC and BAC treatments. The O3/PMS-BAC process had better control over the AMR than the O3-BAC and BAC processes. Specifically, the amount of targeted antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the effluent and biofilm of O3/PMS-BAC was only 0.01-0.03 and 0.11-0.26 times that of the BAC process, respectively. Additionally, the O3/PMS-BAC process removed 1.76 %-62.83 % and 38.14 %-99.27 % more of the targeted ARGs in the effluent and biofilm than the BAC process. The total relative abundance of the targeted 12 ARGs in the O3/PMS-BAC effluent was decreased by 86 % compared to the effluent after BAC treatment. In addition, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were probably the main hosts for transmitting ARGs in this study, and their relative abundance decreased by 9.6 % and 6.0 % in the effluent of the O3/PMS-BAC treatment compared to that in BAC treatment. The relationship analysis revealed that controlling antibiotic discharge was crucial for managing AMR, as antibiotics were closely related to both ARGs and bacteria associated with their emergence. The results showed that the newly developed treatment process could reduce AMR caused by BAC treatment while ensuring effluent quality. Therefore, O3/PMS-BAC is a promising alternative to BAC treatment for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang Zhang
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, 117576, Singapore
| | - Tai Shan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jiang Yong Hu
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, 117576, Singapore.
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2
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Shi S, Wang F, Hu Y, Zhou J, Zhang H, He C. Effects of running time on biological activated carbon filters: water purification performance and microbial community evolution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:21509-21523. [PMID: 38393555 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32421-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Ozone-biologically activated carbon (BAC) filtration is an advanced treatment process that can be applied to remove recalcitrant organic micro-pollutants in drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs). In this study, we continuously monitored a new and an old BAC filter in a DWTP for 1 year to compare their water purification performance and microbial community evolution. The results revealed that, compared with the new filter, the use of the old BAC filter facilitated a slightly lower rate of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal. In the case of the new BAC filter, we recorded general increases in the biomass and microbial diversity of the biofilm with a prolongation of operating time, with the biomass stabilizing after 7 months. For both new and old BAC filters, Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria were the dominant bacterial phyla. At the genus level, the microbial community gradually shifted over the course of operation from a predominance of Herminiimonas and Hydrogenophaga to one predominated by Bradyrhizbium, Bryobacter, Hyphomicrobium, and Pedomicrobium, with Bradyrhizobium being established as the most abundant genus in the old BAC filter. Regarding spatial distribution, we detected reductions in the biomass and number of operational taxonomic units with increasing biofilm depth, whereas there was a corresponding increase in microbial diversity. However, compared with the effects of time, the influence of depth on the composition of the biofilm microbial community was considerably smaller. Furthermore, co-occurrence network analysis revealed that the microbial community network of the new filter after 11 months of operation was the most tightly connected, although its modular coefficient was the lowest of those assessed. We speculate that the positive and negative interactions within the network may be attributable to symbiotic or competitive relationships among species. Moreover, there may have been a significant negative interaction between SWB02 and Acidovorax, plausibly associated with a competition for substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangjia Shi
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Feifei Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Yulin Hu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Haiting Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Chiquan He
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
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3
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Guarin TC, Li L, Haak L, Teel L, Pagilla KR. Contaminants of emerging concern reduction and microbial community characterization across a three-barrier advanced water treatment system. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169637. [PMID: 38157893 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
This research investigated the removal of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) and characterized the microbial community across an advanced water treatment (AWT) train consisting of Coagulation/Flocculation/Clarification/Granular Media Filtration (CFCGMF), Ozone-Biological Activated Carbon Filtration (O3/BAC), Granular Activated Carbon filtration, Ultraviolet Disinfection, and Cartridge Filtration (GAC/UV/CF). The AWT train successfully met the goals of CECs and bulk organics removal. The microbial community at each treatment step of the AWT train was characterized using 16S rRNA sequencing on the Illumina MiSeq platform generated from DNA extracted from liquid and solid (treatment media) samples taken along the treatment train. Differences in the microbial community structure were observed. The dominant operational taxonomic units (OTU) decreased along the treatment train, but the treatment steps did impact the microbial community composition downstream of each unit process. These results provide insights into microbial ecology in advanced water treatment systems, which are influenced and shaped by each treatment step, the microbial community interactions, and their potential metabolic contribution to CECs degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana C Guarin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA; ε-BiO: UNAB's Circular Bioeconomy Research Center, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Laura Haak
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Lydia Teel
- Truckee Meadows Water Authority, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Krishna R Pagilla
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
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4
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Terry LG, Peterson E, Summers RS. Organic matter biofiltration performance modeling: Influence of influent water quality, operating conditions, and biomass. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 249:121006. [PMID: 38141435 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.121006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
The impact of source water dissolved organic matter (DOM) origin, empty bed contact time (EBCT), temperature, and pretreatment methods on biofiltration performance was evaluated and predictive models based on experimental data were developed. Three DOM source water types, terrestrial, microbial, and treated wastewater (WW) effluent, were utilized. A model was developed to predict biofilter performance for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal based on the influent biodegradable DOC (BDOC) fraction, a single active biomass measurement from the top of the filter and the filter EBCT. A biomass distribution model was developed to predict total active biomass throughout the filter based on a single biomass measurement from the top of the filter. The measured BDOC fractions were 21 % for the nonWW impacted source waters, 36 % for the WW effluents and 62 % for the ozonated WW effluents. At an EBCT of 15 min, biofilters removed between 7 and 21 % of the DOC (19 to 50 % for BDOC) depending on the DOM type and use of ozonation. When the EBCT decreased to 5 min DOC removal decreased by 40 % and when increased to 30 min removal increased by 42 %. When the temperature decreased from 22 °C to 6 °C DOC removal was 33 % lower and when increased to 28 °C removal was 42 % higher. ATP values were found to be a function of temperature and DOM origin, as the average ATP values from the WW effluent biofilters were almost double that of the non-WW impacted sources and pre-ozonation of the WW effluent yielded values three times higher. The model was applied to the results of 27 different biofilter runs at three EBCTs yielding one distinct rate constant for the non-WW impacted source waters and one rate constant for the WW effluents. The model was successfully applied to the results of 19 filter runs from the literature and to those from a pilot plant over 6 months of operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh G Terry
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, University of Alabama, Box 870205, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Eric Peterson
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, UCB 428, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - R Scott Summers
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, UCB 428, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
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5
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Sun W, Jing Z. Migration of rare and abundant species, assembly mechanisms, and ecological networks of microbiomes in drinking water treatment plants: Effects of different treatment processes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 457:131726. [PMID: 37257378 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms play an important role in the degradation of pollutants. However, they also cause problems in drinking water distribution systems, such as pipe corrosion and biofilm growth. The microbial assembly mechanisms and molecular ecological networks associated with different drinking water treatment processes have not yet been clearly analyzed. Therefore, this study investigated the microbiomes of three processes (coal filtration-activated carbon, ozone-activated carbon and UV, and ozone-activated carbon) during different seasons. The results showed that the microbial composition and diversity among the different processes and during different seasons. Water treatment processes had deterministic effects on the microbial assembly process and significantly changed the composition of rare and abundant species, altering the size and modules of molecular ecology networks. Rare species considered as keystone species play important roles in microbial ecology and microbial community construction. Ozone-activated carbon and UV/chlorination decreased the bacterial concentration, increased the deterministic process of microbial assembly, and significantly reduced the size of the network, which is of great significance to microbial control in drinking water. This research broadens our perspectives on the microbial assembly associated with drinking water treatment processes and contributes to ensuring the safe supply of drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Sun
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou) Tsinghua, Suzhou 215163, China.
| | - Zibo Jing
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Institute of Environment and Ecology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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6
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Biomass-derived carbon nanomaterials for sensor applications. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 222:115102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.115102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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7
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Wang F, Pan J, Hu Y, Zhou J, Wang H, Huang X, Chu W, van der Hoek JP. Effects of biological activated carbon filter running time on disinfection by-product precursor removal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:155936. [PMID: 35580672 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biological activated carbon (BAC) filtration is usually considered to be able to decrease formation potentials (FPs) of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water treatment plant (DWTP). However, BAC filters with long running time may release microbial metabolites to effluents and therefore increase FPs of nitrogenous DBPs with high toxicity. To verify this hypothesis, this study continuously tracked BAC filters in a DWTP for one year, and assessed effects of old (running time 8-9 years) and new (running time 0-13 months) BAC filters on FPs of 15 regulated and unregulated DBPs. Results revealed that dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal was slightly higher in the new BAC than the old one. All fluorescent components of dissolved organic matter evidently declined after new BAC filtration, but fulvic acid-like and soluble microbial product-like substances increased after old BAC filtration, which could be caused by microbial leakage. Correspondingly, new BAC filter generally removed more DBP FPs than the old one. 46.5% HAA7 FPs from chlorination and 44.3% THM4 FPs from chloramination were removed by new BAC filter. However, some DBP FPs, especially HAN FPs, were poorly removed or even increased by the old BAC filter. Proteobacteria could be a main contributor for DBP precursor removal in BAC filters. Herminiimonas, most abundant genera in new BAC filter, may explain its better DOC and UV254 removal performance and lower DBP FPs, while Bradyrhizobium, most abundant genera in old BAC filter, might produce more extracellular polymeric substances and therefore increased N-DBP FPs in old BAC effluent. This study provided insight into variations of DBP FPs and microbial communities in the new and old BAC filters, and will be helpful for the optimization of DWTP design and operation for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jiazheng Pan
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Yulin Hu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Haoqian Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xin Huang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Wenhai Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Jan Peter van der Hoek
- Department of Water Management, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CN Delft, the Netherlands; Research & Innovation Program, Waternet, 1096 AC Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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8
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Microbial ecology of biofiltration used for producing safe drinking water. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:4813-4829. [PMID: 35771243 PMCID: PMC9329406 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12013-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Biofiltration is a water purification technology playing a pivotal role in producing safe drinking water. This technology attracts many interests worldwide due to its advantages, such as no addition of chemicals, a low energy input, and a high removal efficiency of organic compounds, undesirable taste and odours, and pathogens. The current review describes the microbial ecology of three biofiltration processes that are routinely used in drinking water treatment plants, i.e. (i) rapid sand filtration (RSF), (ii) granular activated carbon filtration (GACF), and (iii) slow sand filtration (SSF). We summarised and compared the characteristics, removal performance, and corresponding (newly revealed) mechanisms of the three biofiltration processes. Specifically, the microbial ecology of the different biofilter processes and the role of microbial communities in removing nutrients, organic compounds, and pathogens were reviewed. Finally, we highlight the limitations and challenges in the study of biofiltration in drinking water production, and propose future perspectives for obtaining a comprehensive understanding of the microbial ecology of biofiltration, which is needed to promote and optimise its further application. Key points • Biofilters are composed of complex microbiomes, primarily shaped by water quality. • Conventional biofilters contribute to address safety challenges in drinking water. • Studies may underestimate the active/functional role of microbiomes in biofilters. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00253-022-12013-x.
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9
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Zhang T, Liu C, Wei L, Tian S, Li J, Ndayambaje P, Huang X, Liu L, Ndagijimana P. Performance of tidal and non-tidal mangrove constructed wetlands in treating maricultural wastewater. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 85:2772-2785. [PMID: 35576268 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus in the tidal and non-tidal constructed wetlands with typical mangrove (Aegiceras corniculatum) as a wetland plant model to treat simulated marine wastewater. The results showed that the average removals of NO2--N, NO3--N, NH4+-N, TN and TP were 88.4, 80.5, 81.4, 79.7 and 40.8%, respectively, in the non-tidal subsurface flow (HF) mangrove wetland, and 65.3, 61.3, 90.6, 60.1 and 19.2% in the tidal (TF) mangrove wetland, and 11.4, 64.6, 68.7, 56.6 and 16.3% in the non-tidal free water surface (FWS) mangrove wetland, respectively. Moreover, it was observed that the composition of microbial communities in the HF mangrove wetland was beneficial to the nitrogen cycle and has more quantitative associations of N-metabolism genes. The results indicated that non-tidal HF mangrove wetland has a stable and an effective capacity for potential treatment of marine wastewater compared with the non-tidal FWS mangrove wetland and tidal TF mangrove wetland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chaoxiang Liu
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China E-mail: ,
| | - Lili Wei
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Shaohua Tian
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Patrick Ndayambaje
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Pamphile Ndagijimana
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
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10
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Mohtadi M, James BR, Krasnoff GR, Davis AP. Removal of stormwater dissolved organic nitrogen through biotransformation using activated carbon. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2022; 94:e10703. [PMID: 35315959 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Conventional bioretention systems are not effectively designed to remove stormwater dissolved organic nitrogen (DON). Biotransformation study on five organic nitrogenous compounds with different values for adsorption on coal activated carbon (AC) and bioavailability revealed that adsorption is a greater controlling factor for ammonification than bioavailability. This study also showed three apparent benefits: enhancement of the ammonification rate, ammonification of the bio-recalcitrant organic nitrogenous compounds, for example, pyrrole, and bio-regeneration of the adsorbent (coal AC). Low temperature (4°C) did not impact ammonification of leucine at a velocity of 34 cm/h, but negatively affected it at 61 cm/h. It was also observed that bed media height > 30 cm would not appreciably increase ammonification. Under intermittent wetting/draining conditions, the DON removal efficiency was more than 90%, indicating that DON was successfully removed through concurrent adsorption/ammonification, although generated ammonium in the effluent must be properly addressed. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Coal activated carbon appears a better material for DON ammonification compared with charcoal and quartz sand. A temperature as low as 4°C may not adversely impact DON ammonification at a velocity of 34 cm/h or less. A bed media depth of 30 cm is considered as adequate to promote DON ammonification. A larger depth may not be expected to improve ammonification. Ammonification of the bio-recalcitrant organic nitrogenous compounds, for example, pyrrole, and bio-regeneration of the adsorbent, for example, coal activated carbon, may be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Mohtadi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Bruce R James
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Gregory R Krasnoff
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Allen P Davis
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
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11
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Zhu D, Xin J, Li X. Self-assembly encapsulation of vanadium tetrasulfide into nitrogen doped biomass-derived porous carbon as a high performance electrochemical sensor for xanthine determination. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02113g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel VS4@N-BPC platform was constructed, and demonstrated a high electrochemical response to xanthine due to the excellent synergistic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, P. R. China
| | - Jianjiao Xin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, 161006, P. R. China
| | - Xuemei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, P. R. China
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12
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Sun L, Wang J, Wu Y, Gao T, Liu C. Community Structure and Function of Epiphytic Bacteria Associated With Myriophyllum spicatum in Baiyangdian Lake, China. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:705509. [PMID: 34603230 PMCID: PMC8484960 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.705509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epiphytic bacteria on the surfaces of submerged macrophytes play important roles in the growth of the host plant, nutrient cycling, and the conversion of pollutants in aquatic systems. A knowledge of the epiphytic bacterial community structure could help us to understand these roles. In this study, the abundance, diversity, and functions of the epiphytic bacterial community of Myriophyllum spicatum collected from Baiyangdian Lake in June, August, and October 2019 were studied using quantitative PCR (qPCR), high-throughput sequencing, and the prediction of functions. An analysis using qPCR showed that the epiphytic bacteria were the most abundant in October and the least abundant in August. High-throughput sequencing revealed that Proteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, and Aeromonas were the dominant phylum, class, and genus in all the samples. The common analyses of operational taxonomic units (OTUs), NMDS, and LDA showed that the epiphytic bacterial communities were clustered together based on the seasons. The results of a canonical correlation analysis (CCA) showed that the key water quality index that affected the changes of epiphytic bacterial community of M. spicatum was the total phosphorus (TP). The changes in abundance of Gammaproteobacteria negatively correlated with the TP. Predictive results from FAPROTAX showed that the predominant biogeochemical cycle functions of the epiphytic bacterial community were chemoheterotrophy, nitrate reduction, and fermentation. These results suggest that the epiphytic bacterial community of M. spicatum from Baiyangdian Lake varies substantially with the seasons and environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China.,Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China.,Engineering Laboratory of Microbial Breeding and Preservation of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Jiashuo Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yangyang Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Tianyu Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Cunqi Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China.,Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China.,Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
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13
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Shifting from Conventional to Organic Filter Media in Wastewater Biofiltration Treatment: A Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11188650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Biofiltration is a promising wastewater treatment green technology employed to remove various types of pollutants. The efficiency of biofiltration relies on biofilm, and its performance is significantly influenced by various factors such as dissolved oxygen concentration, organic loading rate, hydraulic retention time, temperature, and filter media selection. The existing biofilters utilize conventional media such as gravel, sand, anthracite, and many other composite materials. The material cost of these conventional filter materials is usually higher compared to using organic waste materials as the filter media. However, the utilization of organic materials as biofilter media has not been fully explored and their potential in terms of physicochemical properties to promote biofilm growth is lacking in the literature. Therefore, this review critically discusses the potential of shifting conventional filter media to that of organic in biofiltration wastewater treatment, focusing on filtration efficiency-influenced factors, their comparative filtration performance, advantages, and disadvantages, as well as challenges and prospective areas of organic biofilter development.
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14
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Korotta-Gamage SM, Sathasivan A, Bal Krishna KC. Effect of backwashing biologically activated carbon on coagulability of organics in surface water. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 785:147165. [PMID: 33932678 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study shows if biologically activated carbon (BAC) is backwashed at the correct frequency, a number of benefits can be derived in addition to aiding the subsequent coagulation process. Previous studies have shown that the BAC improves the removal of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) by subsequent coagulation by decreasing non-coagulable dissolved organic carbon (NC-DOC). However, the actual mechanism of such observation or optimising strategies of NC-DOC removal is unknown. The impact of backwashing on BAC reactor performance in terms of NC-DOC removal and microbial community structure was investigated. A laboratory scale BAC column was operated for more than five months with backwashing at once every five days, but in one cycle it was operated without backwashing for 14 days and the effluent collected at different times from the last backwash was subjected to enhanced coagulation (EC). All the effluent of BAC collected at different days depicted better floc forming characteristics than the feed water which is raw surface water. The effluent collected on day three from the last backwash (BAC-3d) contained the least amount (1.64 mg/L) of NC-DOC despite the highest DOC (3.89 mg/L) of all effluents. The coagulant requirement (5 mg-Fe3+/mg-DOC) was minimal for BAC-3d effluent among raw water and all other BAC effluent water samples. This is remarkable given the raw water contained 2.76 mg/L of NC-DOC. The microbial community on BAC granules on day three contained a higher abundance of biodegradable organic matter (BOM) removing microorganisms and low abundance of opportunistic pathogens. Similar performance in terms of DOC removal with the backwash was also observed in the continuous operation of other BAC columns. Possible backwash frequency that optimises the BAC/EC and derives many other benefits is proposed. The BAC/EC combination could help solve many emerging issues cost-effectively hence, needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arumugam Sathasivan
- School of Engineering, Design and Built Environment, Western Sydney University, NSW 2751, Australia.
| | - K C Bal Krishna
- School of Engineering, Design and Built Environment, Western Sydney University, NSW 2751, Australia
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Zhou W, Li W, Chen J, Zhou Y, Wei Z, Gong L. Microbial diversity in full-scale water supply systems through sequencing technology: a review. RSC Adv 2021; 11:25484-25496. [PMID: 35478887 PMCID: PMC9037190 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03680g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of microorganisms in full-scale water supply systems raises concerns about their pathogenicity and threats to public health. Clean tap water is essential for public health safety. The conditions of the water treatment process from the source water to tap water, including source water quality, water treatment processes, the drinking water distribution system (DWDS), and building water supply systems (BWSSs) in buildings, greatly influence the bacterial community in tap water. Given the importance of drinking water biosafety, the study of microbial diversity from source water to tap water is essential. With the development of molecular biology methods and bioinformatics in recent years, sequencing technology has been applied to study bacterial communities in full-scale water supply systems. In this paper, changes in the bacterial community and the influence of each treatment stage on microbial diversity in full-scale water supply systems are classified and analyzed. Microbial traceability analysis and control are discussed, and suggestions for future drinking water biosafety research and its prospects are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China .,State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China
| | - Weiying Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China .,State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China
| | - Jiping Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China
| | - Yu Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China
| | - Zhongqing Wei
- Fuzhou Water Affairs Investment Development Co., Ltd. Fuzhou 350000 Fujian China
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16
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Gu Q, Chen M, Zhang J, Guo W, Wu H, Sun M, Wei L, Wang J, Wei X, Zhang Y, Ye Q, Xue L, Pang R, Ding Y, Wu Q. Genomic Analysis and Stability Evaluation of the Phenol-Degrading Bacterium Acinetobacter sp. DW-1 During Water Treatment. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:687511. [PMID: 34326823 PMCID: PMC8313972 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.687511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenol is a toxic organic molecule that is widely detected in the natural environment, even in drinking water sources. Biological methods were considered to be a good tool for phenol removal, especially microbial immobilized technology. However, research on the “seed” bacteria along with microbial community analysis in oligotrophic environment such as drinking water system has not been addressed. In this study, Acinetobacter sp. DW-1 with high phenol degradation ability had been isolated from a drinking water biofilter was used as seeded bacteria to treat phenol micro-polluted drinking water source. Meanwhile, the whole genome of strain DW-1 was sequenced using nanopore technology. The genomic analysis suggests that Acinetobacter sp. DW-1 could utilize phenol via the β-ketoadipate pathway, including the catechol and protocatechuate branches. Subsequently, a bio-enhanced polyhedral hollow polypropylene sphere (BEPHPS) filter was constructed to investigate the stability of the seeded bacteria during the water treatment process. The denatured gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profile and the quantification of phenol hydroxylase gene results indicate that when the BEPHPS filter was operated for 56 days, Acinetobacter sp. was still a persistent and competitive bacterium in the treatment group. In addition, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing results indicate that Acinetobacter sp., as well as Pseudomonas sp., Nitrospira sp., Rubrivivax sp. were the predominant bacteria in the treatment group, which were different from that in the CK group. This study provides a better understanding of the mechanisms of phenol degradation by Acinetobacter sp. DW-1 at the gene level, and provides new insights into the stability of seeded bacteria and its effects on microbial ecology during drinking water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihui Gu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Moutong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weipeng Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiqing Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianhu Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youxiong Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Xue
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Pang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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de Souza FH, Roecker PB, Silveira DD, Sens ML, Campos LC. Influence of slow sand filter cleaning process type on filter media biomass: backwashing versus scraping. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 189:116581. [PMID: 33186813 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biomass was assessed as a new approach for evaluating backwashed slow sand filters (BSF). Slow sand filtration (SSF) is a simple technology for water treatment, where biological mechanisms play a key role in filtration efficiency. Backwashed slow sand filters were previously recommended for small-scale filters (~1 m² of filtration area) as an alternative to conventional filters that are usually cleaned by scraping (ScSF). Biomass was never evaluated in BSF, which is a gap in the knowledge of this technology, considering the importance of its biological mechanisms. Therefore, for the first time, two filters operating under the same conditions were used to compare the influence of backwashing on biomass; one filter was cleaned by backwashing and the other by scraping. Biomass along the filter media depth (40 cm) was assessed by different techniques and compared in terms of cellular biomass (by chloroform fumigation), volatile solids, bacterial community (by 16S rRNA gene sequencing), and observations by scanning electron and fluorescence microscopy. Filters were also monitored and compared regarding filtered water quality and headloss; their differences were related to the different cleaning processes. Overall, filtered water quality was acceptable for slow sand filter standards (turbidity < 1 NTU and total coliform removal > 1 log). However, headloss developed faster on scraped filters, and biomass was different between the two filters. Backwashing did not significantly disturb biomass while scraping changed its surface sand layers. Cell biomass was more abundant and spread across the filtration depth, related to lower headloss, turbidity, and cyanobacterial breakthrough. These results agreed with the water quality and microscopy observations. The bacterial community was also less stratified in the backwashed filter media. These results expand the knowledge of backwashing use in slow sand filters, demonstrating that this process preserves more biomass than scraping. In addition, biomass preservation can lead to bacterial selectivity and faster filter ripening. Considering the importance of biomass preservation on slow sand filtration and its biological filtration mechanisms, the results presented in this paper are promising. The novel insight that BSF can preserve biomass after backwashing may contribute to increasing its application in small communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- F H de Souza
- Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental (ENS), Centro Tecnológico (CTC), Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, 88040-900; Department of Civil, Geomatic and Environmental Engineering (CEGE), University College London (UCL), Chadwick Building, Room GM11, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - P B Roecker
- Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental (ENS), Centro Tecnológico (CTC), Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, 88040-900
| | - D D Silveira
- Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental (ENS), Centro Tecnológico (CTC), Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, 88040-900
| | - M L Sens
- Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental (ENS), Centro Tecnológico (CTC), Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, 88040-900
| | - L C Campos
- Department of Civil, Geomatic and Environmental Engineering (CEGE), University College London (UCL), Chadwick Building, Room GM11, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
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Song W, Ren Y, Jia R, Zhao L, Chen F, Zhu Z. Removal of organic pollutants by contact oxidation of biological carbon sludge. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2020; 92:1975-1982. [PMID: 32150776 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A pilot-scale (5 m3 /day) study was conducted for the treatment of micro-polluted low-turbidity water using a biological contact oxidation high-density sedimentation tank system with biochar sludge. First, the best operating conditions were found through system debugging; then, biological characteristics were investigated during system debugging; and finally, the performance in terms of pollutant elimination was investigated. The carbon sludge tank biomass was stable, which provided good stability for the removal of organic matter in raw water. The average reduction in absorbance of UV254 and total organic carbon were 36.71% and 29.63%, respectively, when compared with conventional coagulation. The adsorption and degradation of the mixture comprising carbon and sludge played an important role in removing organic pollutants; most of the humic and fulvic acid content of the water was removed during the coagulation processes. PRACTITIONER POINTS: The contact oxidation of biological carbon sludge system can effectively treat low-turbidity water. The extracellular polymeric substances and the filamentous bacteria connecting the structure provided good settling for the carbon sludge mixture. The adsorption and degradation of the mixture comprising carbon and sludge played an important role in removing organic pollutants. With the carbon sludge reflux, organic matter with molecular weight >30K and 10K-3K was greatly reduced. The contact oxidation of biological carbon sludge system was successful in reducing the concentrations of DBPs and their precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuchang Song
- Shandong Province Water Supply and Drainage Monitoring Center, Jinan, China
| | - Yanglong Ren
- Jinan Shanyuan Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Jinan, China
| | - Ruibao Jia
- Shandong Province Water Supply and Drainage Monitoring Center, Jinan, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China
| | - Faming Chen
- Shandong Province Water Supply and Drainage Monitoring Center, Jinan, China
| | - Zhaoliang Zhu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China
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19
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Yu X, Lin T, Xu H, Tao H, Chen W. Ultrafiltration of up-flow biological activated carbon effluent: Extracellular polymer biofouling mechanism and mitigation using pre-ozonation with H 2O 2 backwashing. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 186:116391. [PMID: 32947101 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biofouling is a key problem in membrane filtration, and extracellular polymer substances (EPS) play a key role in biofouling. Biofouling contributes to membrane fouling during ultrafiltration of up-flow biological activated carbon filter (UBACF) effluent. EPS are released when pollutants get attached with membrane surface and when pollutants are in solution phase from cell lysis and by cell secretions. In our study of EPS + humic acid (HA) prepared as the effluent pollutants for ultrafiltration, we found that EPS increased the interfacial forces between the pollutants and the membrane, resulting in membrane fouling. In the early stages of filtration, the main contribution of EPS to membrane fouling was to bond with organic colloids, which led to an increase in the pollutant particle size and zeta potential. This increased the short-range Lewis acid-base (AB) forces from -4.89 nN to -12.59 nN and accelerated the formation of a cake layer. In the late stage of filtration, the EPS increased both the AB and London-van der Waals (LW) forces, thus accelerating membrane fouling. In order to mitigate biofouling, we developed a method of pretreating the effluent with 0.4 mg/L ozone prior to ultrafiltration and backwashing with 8 mg/L H2O2 to sterilize bacteria attached to the membrane surface. This method not only changed the characteristics of the EPS, but also inactivated bacteria by disinfection with H2O2, thereby reducing the amount of EPS. The proposed method provided a long-term stable operation guarantee for ultrafiltration of UBACF effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Yu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Tao Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China.
| | - Hang Xu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Hui Tao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
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20
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Rampuria A, Gupta AB, Brighu U. Nitrogen transformation processes and mass balance in deep constructed wetlands treating sewage, exploring the anammox contribution. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 314:123737. [PMID: 32615448 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This work was aimed to assess the contribution of classical nitrogen removal pathways in two deep constructed wetlands CW1 and CW2 located at Jaipur, India. Nitrogen mass balance revealed that 44.87% and 43.77% losses of T-N in CW1 and CW2 were unaccounted for. To elucidate these significant losses, the study was extended to assess the occurrence and contribution of a novel pathway (ANAMMOX) in overall nitrogen removal. The ratio of NH4+-N (removed) & NO3--N (produced) in CW1 & CW2 indicated that ANAMMOX could be one of the key pathways for nitrogen removal in the CWs besides nitrification-denitrification in microbial films. The molecular analysis confirmed bands of ANAMMOX bacteria developed intrinsically. The study revealed that deep wetlands can offer a feasible option for the sustenance of ANAMMOX bacteria and may help develop design parameters for CWs for achieving higherT-N removal withsimilarsurface area as that of conventional wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Urmila Brighu
- Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India
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21
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Kobina Sam D, Kobina Sam E, Lv X. Application of Biomass‐Derived Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Aerogels in Electrocatalysis and Supercapacitors. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202000829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kobina Sam
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 PR China
| | - Ebenezer Kobina Sam
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 PR China
| | - Xiaomeng Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 PR China
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Fu G, Wu J, Han J, Zhao L, Chan G, Leong K. Effects of substrate type on denitrification efficiency and microbial community structure in constructed wetlands. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 307:123222. [PMID: 32244073 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Three constructed wetland systems were established to treat saline sewage via high-porosity ceramsite, activated carbon, and low-porosity sand: A (ceramsite + activated carbon + sand), B (sand + activated carbon + ceramsite), and C (sand). The distribution of dissolved oxygen in these systems varied with different filling methods with the best removal efficiency of ammonium nitrogen and total nitrogen observed in system B (97.4 and 96.2%, respectively). The 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing results showed that all the systems had a high abundance of salt-tolerant denitrifiers, and the filling method significantly impacted denitrifying bacteria (e.g., Vibrio and Planctomyces) in the substrate. System B had more diverse dissolved oxygen conditions than system A and showcased aerobic nitrification-denitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation pathways. Therefore, the use of substrates with different porosities can improve the dissolved oxygen supply and enhance nitrogen removal efficiency in constructed wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiping Fu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Jinfa Wu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jingyi Han
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ging Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Kunfong Leong
- Macau Landscape and Greening Association, Macau 999078, China
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Feng F, Taylor-Edmonds L, Andrews SA, Andrews RC. Impact of backwash on biofiltration-related nitrogenous disinfection by-product formation. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 174:115641. [PMID: 32120068 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that biofilm extracted from full-scale biofilters can serve as nitrogenous disinfection by-product (N-DBP) precursors. Detached biofilm materials could escape during filter ripening and form N-DBP upon chloramination. This study examined the potential breakthrough of biofilm and N-DBP precursors during filter ripening at two water treatment plants (WTPs). The presence of biofilm material in aqueous samples was estimated by total adenosine triphosphate (tATP) levels; N-DBP formation potential (FP) tests were conducted under uniform formation conditions to quantify N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and haloacetonitrile (HAN4) precursors. While tATP peaks in filter effluent were observed post backwash at both WTPs, temporary increases of effluent NDMA FP were only observed during filter ripening where particle-associated NDMA precursors served as the dominant contributor. Overall, biofilters examined in this study demonstrated a consistent removal of NDMA FP regardless of the filter ripening process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Feng
- Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada.
| | - Liz Taylor-Edmonds
- Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada.
| | - Susan A Andrews
- Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada.
| | - Robert C Andrews
- Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada.
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24
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Qiu Y, Bei E, Xie S, Li S, Wang J, Zhang X, Krasner S, Chen C. Contributions of volatilization, photolysis, and biodegradation to N‑nitrosodimethylamine removal in conventional drinking water treatment plants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 697:133993. [PMID: 32380594 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
N‑nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) was detected in the source water of some Chinese drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs), which decreased in concentration along the treatment train. Volatilization, photolysis, and/or biodegradation were suspected of being capable of attenuating NDMA. In this study, the contribution of these mechanisms to NDMA removal was investigated by a field study in a conventional DWTP with aerated bio-pretreatment, as well as in laboratory-based experiments. The effluent of each unit process (i.e., aerated bio-pretreatment tank, horizontal sedimentation tank, sand filter) of this DWTP was sampled in the winter and summer, and the concentration of NDMA, its formation potential, and other water quality parameters were measured. NDMA removal by volatilization and biodegradation was simulated in batch experiments, and that by photolysis was calculated with parameters reported in the literature. The sampling results indicated that the aerated biofilm reactor of this DWTP removed 48% of the NDMA in August and 22% in December. According to modeling results, it could be well explained by photolysis (NDMA removal of 51% in summer and 25% in winter) and biotreatment (NDMA removal of 0.2-12% in summer and 0.1-6.1% in winter), with little contribution from aeration (NDMA removal of 0.8%). The sampling results indicated that the sedimentation tank removed 19% of NDMA in August and 9.2% in December. According to modeling results, it could be well explained by photolysis (NDMA removal of 16% in August and 9.4% in December), but little by volatilization. Thus, photolysis was shown to be the most important process for NDMA removal in this DWTP. Further investigation is needed to better understand NDMA removal during biotreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Qiu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Er Bei
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shuguang Xie
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shixiang Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou), Tsinghua, Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Xiaojian Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou), Tsinghua, Suzhou 215163, China
| | | | - Chao Chen
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou), Tsinghua, Suzhou 215163, China.
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Microbial Dynamics of Biosand Filters and Contributions of the Microbial Food Web to Effective Treatment of Wastewater-Impacted Water Sources. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:AEM.01142-19. [PMID: 31227556 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01142-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Biosand filtration systems are widely used for drinking water treatment, from household-level, intermittently operated filters to large-scale continuous municipal systems. While it is well-established that microbial activity within the filter is essential for the removal of potential pathogens and other contaminants, the microbial ecology of these systems and how microbial succession relates to their performance remain poorly resolved. We determined how different source waters influence the composition, temporal dynamics, and performance of microbial communities in intermittently operated biosand filters. We operated lab-scale biosand filters, adding daily inputs from two contrasting water sources with differing nutrient concentrations and found that total coliform removal increased and became less variable after 4 weeks, regardless of water source. Total effluent biomass was also lower than total influent biomass for both water sources. Bacterial community composition, assessed via cultivation-independent DNA sequencing, varied by water source, sample type (influent, effluent, or sand), and time. Despite these differences, we identified specific taxa that were consistently removed, including common aquatic and wastewater bacteria. In contrast, taxa consistently more abundant in the sand and effluent included predatory, intracellular, and symbiotic bacteria.IMPORTANCE Although microbial activities are known to contribute to the effectiveness of biosand filtration for drinking water treatment, we have a limited understanding of what microbial groups are most effectively removed, colonize the sand, or make it through the filter. This study tracked the microbial communities in the influent, sand, and effluent of lab-scale, intermittently operated biosand filters over 8 weeks. These results represent the most detailed and time-resolved investigation of the microbial communities in biosand filters typical of those implemented at the household level in many developing countries. We show the importance of the microbial food web in biosand filtration, and we identified taxa that are preferentially removed from wastewater-impacted water sources. We found consistent patterns in filter effectiveness from source waters with differing nutrient loads and, likewise, identified specific bacterial taxa that were consistently more abundant in effluent waters, taxa that are important targets for further study and posttreatment.
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Chen H, Lin T, Chen W, Xu H, Tao H. Different removal efficiency of disinfection-byproduct precursors between dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN) and dichloroacetamide (DCAcAm) by up-flow biological activated carbon (UBAC) process. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:25874-25882. [PMID: 31273652 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05736-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Up-flow biological activated carbon (UBAC) filter has been widely used in waterworks due to its less hydraulic loss, stronger biodegradation ability, and the prevention of excessive biomass growth relative to down-flow BAC treatment. In this study, the different removal efficiency (DRE) of disinfection byproduct precursors between dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN) and dichloroacetamide (DCAcAm) was evaluated when UBAC filter was used as advanced treatment process. Results showed that the UBAC filter with approximately 36 months of usage time had a poor performance in the removal of DCAcAm formation potential (FP) (i.e. 9.3-19.1%) compared to DCAN FP (i.e., 22.5-34.1%). After chlorination of UBAC effluent, the hydrolysis of DCAN to form DCAcAm only partly contributed to the DRE variations of both DCAN FP and DCAcAm FP. Using the high-throughput sequencing technology and the redundancy analysis (RDA), the second dominant genus Bacillus in UBAC filter, which may transform precursors of DCAN into inorganic matters, could be another reason that led to the DRE in DCAN and DCAcAm FP. The formation and leakage of soluble microbial products (SMPs) was identified by excitation-emission matrix (EEM) peak intensities as well as variation of biological index (BIX). The SMPs released into UBAC effluent, favoring the formation of DCAcAm, also contributed to the precursors of both DCAN and DCAcAm, causing a poor removal performance in DCAcAm FP by UBAC filter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China.
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Xu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Tao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, People's Republic of China
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Wei L, Wu Q, Zhang J, Guo W, Gu Q, Wu H, Wang J, Lei T, Chen M, Wu M, Li A. Composition and Dynamics of Bacterial Communities in a Full-Scale Mineral Water Treatment Plant. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1542. [PMID: 31396165 PMCID: PMC6668249 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to gain insight into the bacterial composition and dynamics in a mineral water treatment system (MWTS). The bacterial community of a full-scale mineral water treatment plant in the Maofeng Mountain, South China, was studied using high-throughput sequencing combined with cultivation-based techniques in both the dry and wet season. Overall, adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP) concentration (6.47 × 10-11 – 3.32 × 10-8 M) and heterotrophic plate counts (HPC) (3 – 1.29 × 103 CFU/mL) of water samples in the wet season were lower than those (ATP concentration 5.10 × 10-11 – 6.96 × 10-8 M, HPC 2 – 1.97 × 103 CFU/mL) in the dry season throughout the whole MWTS. The microbial activity and biomass of water samples obviously changed along with treatment process. All 300 isolates obtained using cultivation-based techniques were distributed in 5 phyla, 7 classes, and 19 genera. Proteobacteria accounted for 55.7% (167) of the total isolates, among which predominant genus was Pseudomonas (19.3%). Illumina sequencing analysis of 16s rRNA genes revealed 15 bacterial phyla (relative abundance >0.1%) as being identified in all water samples. Among these, Proteobacteria constituted the dominant bacteria microbiota in all water samples. A large shift in the proportion of Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes was obtained during the treatment process, with the proportion of Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria decreasing sharply, whereas that of Firmicutes increased and predominated in the final water product. The core microbiome, which was still present in whole MWTS comprised several genera including Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Clostridium, and Mycobacterium, that contain species that are opportunistic pathogens, suggesting a potential threat for mineral water microbiology safety. This study is the first to investigate the bacterial community of a full-scale mineral water treatment plant in China. The results provided data regarding the bacteria composition and dynamics in an MWTS, which will contribute to the beneficial manipulation of the mineral water microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wei
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weipeng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qihui Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Moutong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Musheng Wu
- Guangdong Dinghu Mountain Spring Company Limited, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Aimei Li
- Guangdong Dinghu Mountain Spring Company Limited, Zhaoqing, China
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Di Tommaso C, Taylor-Edmonds L, Andrews SA, Andrews RC. The contribution of biofilm to nitrogenous disinfection by-product formation in full-scale cyclically-operated drinking water biofilters. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 155:403-409. [PMID: 30856522 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Biofiltration has been shown to be effective for disinfection by-product (DBP) precursor control, however few studies have considered its role in the potential formation of DBPs. Biofilm is composed of heterogeneous bacteria as well as extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). The objective of this study was to determine the contribution of biofilm-related materials such as EPS to form nitrogen-containing DBPs upon chloramination, and to determine the influence of cyclical (scheduled on-off) biofilter operation on DBP precursor removal. Biologically active media was sampled from a full-scale biofilter operating under cold-water conditions (3.6 ± 0.5 °C) and extracted using a cation exchange resin into a phosphate buffer solution. Biomass concentrations, as determined using adenosine triphosphate (ATP) measurements, remained stable at 298 ± 55 ng ATP/g media over the trial period. N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and haloacetonitrile (HAN4) formation potential (FP) tests conducted under uniform formation conditions (UFC) using extracted biofilm yielded 0.80 ± 0.27 ng NDMA/g media and 18.7 ± 3.3 ng dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN)/g media. Further analyses of extracted biofilm using fluorescence spectroscopy and liquid chromatography-organic carbon detection indicated the presence of proteins above 20 kDa and humic-like substances. Extracted proteins (93.5 ± 8.1 μg/g media) correlated well (R = 0.90) with UV 280 measurements, indicating that spectrophotometry may serve as a valuable tool to quantify proteins in extracted biofilms. While substances in biofilms can serve as NDMA and DCAN precursors, the full-scale cyclically-operated biofilter that was examined did not show release of NDMA precursors during start-up following stagnation periods of 6 h or more. These biofilters consistently removed 6.9 ± 4.3 ng/L of NDMA precursors; typical NDMA UFC-FP of biofilter effluent was 8.5 ± 2.6 ng/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Di Tommaso
- Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George St, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada.
| | - Liz Taylor-Edmonds
- Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George St, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada.
| | - Susan A Andrews
- Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George St, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada.
| | - Robert C Andrews
- Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George St, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A4, Canada.
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McKie MJ, Ziv-El MC, Taylor-Edmonds L, Andrews RC, Kirisits MJ. Biofilter scaling procedures for organics removal: A potential alternative to piloting. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 151:87-97. [PMID: 30594093 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To provide information for the design and improvement of full-scale biofilters, pilot-scale biofiltration studies are the current industry standard because they utilize the same filter media size and loading rate as the full-scale biofilters. In the current study, bench-scale biofilters were designed according to a biofilter scaling model from the literature, and the ability of the bench-scale biofilters to accurately represent the organics removal of pilot-scale biofilters was tested. To ensure similarity in effluent water quality between bench- and pilot- or full-scale biofilters at the same influent substrate concentration, the tested model requires that either mass transport resistance or biofilm shear loss takes primacy over the other. The potential primacy of mass transport resistance or biofilm shear loss was evaluated via water quality testing (dissolved organic carbon, specific ultraviolet absorbance, liquid chromatography - organic carbon detection, trihalomethane formation potential, and haloacetic acid formation potential). The biofilters also were characterized for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content, enzyme activity, extracellular polymeric substances, and microbial community structure. The results of this study indicate that biofilm shear loss takes primacy over mass transport resistance for bench-scale biofilter design in this system; thus, bench-scale biofilters designed in this manner accurately represent organics removal in pilot-scale biofilters. Applying this scaling procedure can reduce filter media requirements from many kilograms to just a few grams and daily water requirements from thousands of liters to less than 10 L. This scaling procedure will allow future researchers to test alternative treatment designs and operating conditions without the need for expensive pilot-scale studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J McKie
- University of Toronto, Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering, Canada.
| | - Michal C Ziv-El
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, United States
| | - Liz Taylor-Edmonds
- University of Toronto, Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering, Canada
| | - Robert C Andrews
- University of Toronto, Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering, Canada
| | - Mary Jo Kirisits
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, United States
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Liao B, Yan X, Zhang J, Chen M, Li Y, Huang J, Lei M, He H, Wang J. Microbial community composition in alpine lake sediments from the Hengduan Mountains. Microbiologyopen 2019; 8:e00832. [PMID: 30848090 PMCID: PMC6741133 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial communities in sediments play an important role in alpine lake ecosystems. However, the microbial diversity and community composition of alpine lake sediments from the Hengduan Mountains remain largely unknown. Therefore, based on the Illumina MiSeq platform, high‐throughput sequencing analysis of the 16S rRNA gene was performed on 15 alpine lake sediments collected at different locations in the Hengduan Mountains. The abundance‐based coverage estimate (ACE), Chao1, and Shannon indices indicated that the microbial abundance and diversity of these sediments were high. There are some differences in the composition of microbial communities among sediments. However, in general, Proteobacteria accounted for the largest proportion of all sediments (22.3%–67.6%) and was the dominant phylum. Followed by Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Planctomycetes. In addition, the operational taxonomic unit (OTU) interactions network had modular structures and suggested more cooperation than competition in the microbial community. Besides, we also found that temperature has a significant contribution to the sample–environment relationship. This study revealed the diversity and composition of microbial communities in alpine lake sediments from the Hengduan Mountains, and describe the correlation between microbial community structure and different environmental variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binqiang Liao
- School of Life Science Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoxin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jiang Zhang
- School of Life Science Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Sanway Gene Technology Inc., Changsha, China
| | - Yanling Li
- Key Laboratory of Plateau Lake Ecology and Environment Change, Institute of Plateau Lake Ecology and Pollution Management, School of Resource Environment and Earth Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Jiafeng Huang
- School of Life Science Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Lei
- School of Life Science Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hailun He
- School of Life Science Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Life Science Central South University, Changsha, China.,Sanway Gene Technology Inc., Changsha, China
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Liu L, Xing X, Hu C, Wang H. O 3-BAC-Cl 2: A multi-barrier process controlling the regrowth of opportunistic waterborne pathogens in drinking water distribution systems. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 76:142-153. [PMID: 30528006 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2018.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Simulated drinking water distribution system (DWDS) treated with O3-BAC-Cl2 (ozone-biological activated carbon-chlorine) was constructed to study its effects on the regrowth of five typical opportunistic pathogens (OPs). It was found that O3-BAC-Cl2 could significantly reduce the regrowth of target OPs in the effluents of DWDS compared with Cl2 and O3-Cl2 with the same residual chlorine levels. However, the effect of O3-BAC-Cl2 on the average numbers of target OPs gene markers in the biofilms of DWDS was not apparent, suggesting that OPs in the biofilms of DWDS were tolerant to the upstream disinfection process. The quantification of target OPs in the BAC-filter column demonstrated that OPs decreased with the increase of depth, which was likely due to the organic nutrient gradient and microbial competition inside the BAC-filter. Increase in the ozone dose could further reduce the OPs at the bottom of the BAC-filter. Spearman correlation analysis demonstrated that some significant correlations existed between target microorganisms, suggesting potential microbial ecological relationships. Overall, our results demonstrated that the BAC-filter may act as a "battlefield" suppressing the OPs through microbial competition. O3-BAC-Cl2 could be an effective multi-barrier process to suppress the proliferation of OPs in the bulk water of DWDS. However, OPs protected by the biofilms of DWDS should receive further attention because OPs may be detached and released from the biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xueci Xing
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Chun Hu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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Xie H, Wang H, Ji F, Liang Y, Song M, Zhang J. Tetrabromobisphenol A alters soil microbial community via selective antibacterial activity. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 164:597-603. [PMID: 30153641 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is the most widely used brominated flame retardant. Most studies regarding TBBPA have concentrated on its occurrence, distribution, toxicity and degradation in the environment. However, little is known about its ecological effects on soil microbial communities. In this study, we investigated the effect of TBBPA on soil microbial community. Overall, the data suggested that the growth and composition of soil microorganisms were correlated to the TBBPA concentration and exposure time. Phospholipid-derived fatty acid analysis (PLFAs) showed that significant microbial growth inhibitions were 46.1% and 46.9% in 40 mg/kg TBBPA-treated soils after 45-day incubation under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, respectively. Results of PLFAs and llumina sequencing indicated that TBBPA mainly inhibited Gram-positive bacteria, but not Gram-negative bacteria. The selective antibacterial activity of TBBPA toward Gram-positive bacteria was further confirmed in pure bacteria cultures. These data suggested that, in addition to their effect on microbial growth and composition, TBBPA may affect the microbial ecology. Additional research should be carried out to identify the ecological risk of TBBPA in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Xie
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Haijing Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Fang Ji
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Yong Liang
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Maoyong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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33
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Abundant and Rare Bacterioplankton in Freshwater Lakes Subjected to Different Levels of Tourism Disturbances. WATER 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/w10081075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic disturbances have a negative impact on lake ecosystems, such as water environmental degradation. Bacterioplankton communities are essential components in lakes and consist of a few abundant species and several rare taxa. However, little is known about the community diversity and composition of abundant and rare bacterioplankton subjected to different levels of anthropogenic disturbances. In this study, water samples were collected from twelve freshwater lakes located around the city of Nanjing, China. Both Illumina MiSeq sequencing and multivariate statistical analysis were employed to determine the bacterioplankton community composition and its relation to environmental variables. The results indicated that tourism disturbances (mostly sewage discharge and tourist activities) altered the community structure of both abundant and rare bacterioplankton by changing water physicochemical characteristics. Alpha diversity of both abundant and rare taxa did not differ among different anthropogenic disturbance lakes (p > 0.05). Rare bacterial taxa possessed higher alpha diversity than abundant taxa, though rare taxa occupied a tiny portion of abundance (4.5%). Redundancy analysis demonstrated that dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was the most significant correlation variable for constraining the variation of abundant taxa, whereas total phosphorus (TP), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) were the most dominant environmental factors constraining the rare taxa, indicating abundant and rare taxa may have different ecological niches.
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Hou L, Zhou Q, Wu Q, Gu Q, Sun M, Zhang J. Spatiotemporal changes in bacterial community and microbial activity in a full-scale drinking water treatment plant. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 625:449-459. [PMID: 29291559 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To gain insight into the bacterial dynamics present in drinking water treatment (DWT) systems, the microbial community and activity in a full-scale DWT plant (DWTP) in Guangzhou, South China, were investigated using Illumina Hiseq sequencing analyses combined with cultivation-based techniques during the wet and dry seasons. Illumina sequencing analysis of 16S rRNA genes revealed a large shift in the proportion of Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes during the treatment process, with the proportion of Actinobacteria decreased sharply, whereas that of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes increased and predominated in treated water. Both microbial activity and bacterial diversity during the treatment process showed obvious spatial variation, with higher levels observed during the dry season and lower levels during the wet season. Clustering analysis and principal component analysis indicated dramatic shifts in the bacterial community after chlorination, suggesting that chlorination was highly effective at influencing the bacterial community. The bacterial community structure of finished water primarily comprised Pseudomonas, Citrobacter, and Acinetobacter, and interestingly showed high similarity to biofilms on granular activated carbon. Additionally, the abundance of bacterial communities was relatively stable in finished water and did not change with the season. A large number of unique operational taxonomic units were shared during treatment steps, indicating the presence of a diverse core microbiome throughout the treatment process. Opportunistic pathogens, including Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Citrobacter, Mycobacterium, Salmonella, Staphylococcus, Legionella, Streptococcus and Enterococcus, were detected in water including finished water, suggesting a potential threat to drinking-water safety. We also detected bacteria isolated from each treatment step using the pure-culture method. In particular, two isolates, identified as Mycobacterium sp. and Blastococcus sp., which belong to the phylum Actinobacteria, were obtained from finished water during the dry season. Together, these results provided evidence of spatial and temporal variations in DWTPs and contributed to the beneficial manipulation of the drinking water microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luanfeng Hou
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, PR China
| | - Qin Zhou
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Qingping Wu
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, PR China
| | - Qihui Gu
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, PR China
| | - Ming Sun
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, PR China; Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou 510070, PR China.
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35
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Gerrity D, Arnold M, Dickenson E, Moser D, Sackett JD, Wert EC. Microbial community characterization of ozone-biofiltration systems in drinking water and potable reuse applications. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 135:207-219. [PMID: 29477059 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Microbial community structure in the ozone-biofiltration systems of two drinking water and two wastewater treatment facilities was characterized using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Collectively, these datasets enabled comparisons by facility, water type (drinking water, wastewater), pre-oxidation (ozonation, chlorination), media type (anthracite, activated carbon), media depth, and backwash dynamics. Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum in drinking water filters, whereas Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, and Planctomycetes were differentially abundant in wastewater filters. A positive correlation was observed between media depth and relative abundance of Cyanobacteria in drinking water filters, but there was only a slight increase in one alpha diversity metric with depth in the wastewater filters. Media type had a significant effect on beta but not alpha diversity in drinking water and wastewater filters. Pre-ozonation caused a significant decrease in alpha diversity in the wastewater filters, but the effect on beta diversity was not statistically significant. An evaluation of backwash dynamics resulted in two notable observations: (1) endosymbionts such as Neochlamydia and Legionella increased in relative abundance following backwashing and (2) nitrogen-fixing Bradyrhizobium dominated the microbial community in wastewater filters operated with infrequent backwashing. Bradyrhizobium is known to generate extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which may adversely impact biofilter performance and effluent water quality. These findings have important implications for public health and the operation and resiliency of biofiltration systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gerrity
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Box 454015, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4015, United States.
| | - Mayara Arnold
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Box 454015, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4015, United States
| | - Eric Dickenson
- Applied Research and Development Center, Southern Nevada Water Authority, P.O. Box 99954, Las Vegas, NV 89193, United States
| | - Duane Moser
- Desert Research Institute, 755 E. Flamingo Rd. Las Vegas, NV 89119, United States
| | - Joshua D Sackett
- Desert Research Institute, 755 E. Flamingo Rd. Las Vegas, NV 89119, United States; School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4015, United States
| | - Eric C Wert
- Applied Research and Development Center, Southern Nevada Water Authority, P.O. Box 99954, Las Vegas, NV 89193, United States
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Characterization of Microbial Communities in Pilot-Scale Constructed Wetlands with Salicornia for Treatment of Marine Aquaculture Effluents. ARCHAEA-AN INTERNATIONAL MICROBIOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2018; 2018:7819840. [PMID: 29853796 PMCID: PMC5949191 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7819840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms play an essential role in the performance of constructed wetlands (CWs) for wastewater treatment. However, there has been limited discussion on the characteristics of microbial communities in CWs for treatment of effluents from marine recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). This study is aimed at characterizing the microbial communities of pilot-scale CWs with Salicornia bigelovii for treatment of saline wastewater from a land-based Atlantic salmon RAS plant located in Northern China. Illumina high-throughput sequencing was employed to identify the profile of microbial communities of three CWs receiving wastewater under different total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentrations. Results of this study showed remarkable spatial variations in diversity and composition of microbial communities between roots and substrates in three CWs, with distinct response to different TAN concentrations. In particular, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Cyanobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were predominant in roots, while Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia, and Bacteroidetes were prevalent in substrates. Moreover, redundancy analysis indicated that specific functional genera, such as Nitrosopumilus, Vibrio, Pseudoalteromonas, Nitrospina, and Planctomyces, played key roles in the removal of nitrogen/phosphorus pollutants and growth of wetland plants. From a microorganism perspective, the findings of this study could contribute to better understanding of contaminants' removal mechanism and improved management of CWs for treatment of effluents from land-based marine aquaculture.
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37
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Liu C, Olivares CI, Pinto AJ, Lauderdale CV, Brown J, Selbes M, Karanfil T. The control of disinfection byproducts and their precursors in biologically active filtration processes. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 124:630-653. [PMID: 28822343 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.07.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Revised: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
While disinfection provides hygienically safe drinking water, the disinfectants react with inorganic or organic precursors, leading to the formation of harmful disinfection byproducts (DBPs). Biological filtration is a process in which an otherwise conventional granular filter is designed to remove not only fine particulates but also dissolved organic matters (e.g., DBP precursors) through microbially mediated degradation. Recently, applications of biofiltration in drinking water treatment have increased significantly. This review summarizes the effectiveness of biofiltration in removing DBPs and their precursors and identifies potential factors in biofilters that may control the removal or contribute to formation of DBP and their precursors during drinking water treatment. Biofiltration can remove a fraction of the precursors of halogenated DBPs (trihalomethanes, haloacetic acids, haloketones, haloaldehydes, haloacetonitriles, haloacetamides, and halonitromethanes), while also demonstrating capability in removing bromate and halogenated DBPs, except for trihalomethanes. However, the effectiveness of biofiltration mediated removal of nitrosamine and its precursors appears to be variable. An increase in nitrosamine precursors after biofiltration was ascribed to the biomass sloughing off from media or direct nitrosamine formation in the biofilter under certain denitrifying conditions. Operating parameters, such as pre-ozonation, media type, empty bed contact time, backwashing, temperature, and nutrient addition may be optimized to control the regulated DBPs in the biofilter effluent while minimizing the formation of unregulated emerging DBPs. While summarizing the state of knowledge of biofiltration mediated control of DBPs, this review also identifies several knowledge gaps to highlight future research topics of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Anderson, SC 29625, USA
| | - Christopher I Olivares
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Anderson, SC 29625, USA
| | - Ameet J Pinto
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, 269 SN, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Jess Brown
- Carollo Engineers, Inc., 3150 Bristol Street, Suite 500, Costa Mesa, CA 92929, USA
| | - Meric Selbes
- Hazen and Sawyer, Environmental Engineers and Scientists, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - Tanju Karanfil
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Anderson, SC 29625, USA.
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38
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Li D, Stanford B, Dickenson E, Khunjar WO, Homme CL, Rosenfeldt EJ, Sharp JO. Effect of advanced oxidation on N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) formation and microbial ecology during pilot-scale biological activated carbon filtration. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 113:160-170. [PMID: 28213337 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Water treatment combining advanced oxidative processes with subsequent exposure to biological activated carbon (BAC) holds promise for the attenuation of recalcitrant pollutants. Here we contrast oxidation and subsequent biofiltration of treated wastewater effluent employing either ozone or UV/H2O2 followed by BAC during pilot-scale implementation. Both treatment trains largely met target water quality goals by facilitating the removal of a suite of trace organics and bulk water parameters. N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) formation was observed in ozone fed BAC columns during biofiltration and to a lesser extent in UV/H2O2 fed columns and was most pronounced at 20 min of empty bed contact time (EBCT) when compared to shorter EBCTs evaluated. While microbial populations were highly similar in the upper reaches, deeper samples revealed a divergence within and between BAC filtration systems where EBCT was identified to be a significant environmental predictor for shifts in microbial populations. The abundance of Nitrospira in the top samples of both columns provides an explanation for the oxidation of nitrite and corresponding increases in nitrate concentrations during BAC transit and support interplay between nitrogen cycling with nitrosamine formation. The results of this study demonstrate that pretreatments using ozone versus UV/H2O2 impart modest differences to the overall BAC microbial population structural and functional attributes, and further highlight the need to evaluate NDMA formation prior to full-scale implementation of BAC in potable reuse applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- NSF Engineering Research Center ReNUWIt, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA
| | | | - Eric Dickenson
- NSF Engineering Research Center ReNUWIt, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA; Water Quality Research and Development Division, Southern Nevada Water Authority, Henderson, NV 89015, USA
| | | | - Carissa L Homme
- NSF Engineering Research Center ReNUWIt, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA
| | | | - Jonathan O Sharp
- NSF Engineering Research Center ReNUWIt, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA.
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Lin H, Zhang S, Zhang S, Lin W, Yu X. The function of advanced treatment process in a drinking water treatment plant with organic matter-polluted source water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:8924-8932. [PMID: 26250817 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5116-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
To understand the relationship between chemical and microbial treatment at each treatment step, as well as the relationship between microbial community structure in biofilms in biofilters and their ecological functions, a drinking water plant with severe organic matter-polluted source water was investigated. The bacterial community dynamics of two drinking water supply systems (traditional and advanced treatment processes) in this plant were studied from the source to the product water. Analysis by 454 pyrosequencing was conducted to characterize the bacterial diversity in each step of the treatment processes. The bacterial communities in these two treatment processes were highly diverse. Proteobacteria, which mainly consisted of beta-proteobacteria, was the dominant phylum. The two treatment processes used in the plant could effectively remove organic pollutants and microbial polution, especially the advanced treatment process. Significant differences in the detection of the major groups were observed in the product water samples in the treatment processes. The treatment processes, particularly the biological pretreatment and O3-biological activated carbon in the advanced treatment process, highly influenced the microbial community composition and the water quality. Some opportunistic pathogens were found in the water. Nitrogen-relative microorganisms found in the biofilm of filters may perform an important function on the microbial community composition and water quality improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huirong Lin
- Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Science, Xiamen, 361021, People's Republic of China
- Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Science, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuting Zhang
- Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Science, Xiamen, 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenghua Zhang
- Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Science, Xiamen, 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenfang Lin
- Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Science, Xiamen, 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Yu
- Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Science, Xiamen, 361021, People's Republic of China.
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40
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Chemolithotrophic processes in the bacterial communities on the surface of mineral-enriched biochars. ISME JOURNAL 2017; 11:1087-1101. [PMID: 28169988 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2016.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Biochar and mineral-enriched biochar (MEB) have been used as soil amendments to improve soil fertility, sequester carbon and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Such beneficial outcomes could be partially mediated by soil bacteria, however little is known about how they directly interact with biochar or MEB. We therefore analyzed the diversity and functions of bacterial communities on the surfaces of one biochar and two different MEBs after a 140-day incubation in soil. The results show that the biochar and the MEBs harbor distinct bacterial communities to the bulk soil. Communities on biochar and MEBs were dominated by a novel Gammaproteobacterium. Genome reconstruction combined with electron microscopy and high-resolution elemental analysis revealed that the bacterium generates energy from the oxidation of iron that is present on the surface. Two other bacteria belonging to the genus Thiobacillus and a novel group within the Oxalbacteraceae were enriched only on the MEBs and they had the genetic capacity for thiosulfate oxidation. All three surface-enriched bacteria also had the capacity to fix carbon dioxide, either in a potentially strictly autotrophic or mixotrophic manner. Our results show the dominance of chemolithotrophic processes on the surface of biochar and MEB that can contribute to carbon sequestration in soil.
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41
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Li C, Ling F, Zhang M, Liu WT, Li Y, Liu W. Characterization of bacterial community dynamics in a full-scale drinking water treatment plant. J Environ Sci (China) 2017; 51:21-30. [PMID: 28115132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2016.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the spatial and temporal dynamics of microbial communities in drinking water systems is vital to securing the microbial safety of drinking water. The objective of this study was to comprehensively characterize the dynamics of microbial biomass and bacterial communities at each step of a full-scale drinking water treatment plant in Beijing, China. Both bulk water and biofilm samples on granular activated carbon (GAC) were collected over 9months. The proportion of cultivable cells decreased during the treatment processes, and this proportion was higher in warm season than cool season, suggesting that treatment processes and water temperature probably had considerable impact on the R2A cultivability of total bacteria. 16s rRNA gene based 454 pyrosequencing analysis of the bacterial community revealed that Proteobacteria predominated in all samples. The GAC biofilm harbored a distinct population with a much higher relative abundance of Acidobacteria than water samples. Principle coordinate analysis and one-way analysis of similarity indicated that the dynamics of the microbial communities in bulk water and biofilm samples were better explained by the treatment processes rather than by sampling time, and distinctive changes of the microbial communities in water occurred after GAC filtration. Furthermore, 20 distinct OTUs contributing most to the dissimilarity among samples of different sampling locations and 6 persistent OTUs present in the entire treatment process flow were identified. Overall, our findings demonstrate the significant effects that treatment processes have on the microbial biomass and community fluctuation and provide implications for further targeted investigation on particular bacteria populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Li
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Fangqiong Ling
- Department of Civil and Environment Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Minglu Zhang
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Wen-Tso Liu
- Department of Civil and Environment Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Yuxian Li
- Water Quality Monitoring Center, Beijing Waterworks Group, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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42
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Besmer MD, Hammes F. Short-term microbial dynamics in a drinking water plant treating groundwater with occasional high microbial loads. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 107:11-18. [PMID: 27783929 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Short-term fluctuations in bacterial concentrations in drinking water systems, occurring on time scales of hours-to-weeks, are essentially unexplored due to a lack of microbial monitoring tools that allow high frequency measurements. Here, we applied fully automated online flow cytometry to measure the total cell concentrations (TCC) in both raw water (karstic groundwater) and treated water (flocculation - ultrafiltration (UF) - ozonation - granular active carbon (GAC) filtration) during a period of 70 days at high temporal resolution (n > 4000 for both water types). We detected and characterized in considerable detail aperiodic fluctuations in the raw water following regional precipitation, with TCC increasing up to 50-fold from a dry weather baseline of approximately 120 cells μl-1 to an event peak of > 5000 cells μl-1. Moreover, we observed the buffering of the treatment plant against these fluctuations, but in addition we recorded a completely unexpected periodic fluctuation of TCC in the treated water after GAC filtration. We concluded that the latter was the result of fluctuating water abstraction from the treatment plant reservoir by two connected water utilities, which resulted in variations in water throughput in the plant. This in turn influenced bacterial detachment and dilution in the GAC filter. This study provides strong evidence of multiple different microbial dynamics occurring in a drinking water treatment system. Given numerous possible sources of natural and operational fluctuations in raw water and drinking water treatment plants, such microbial fluctuations should be expected in many systems. The high-frequency monitoring approach presented herein can improve the understanding and eventual mitigation of such fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Besmer
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland; Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Frederik Hammes
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
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43
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Evaluation of backwash strategies on biologically active carbon filters by using chloroacetic acids as indicator chemicals. Process Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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44
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Chen Y, Dai Y, Wang Y, Wu Z, Xie S, Liu Y. Distribution of bacterial communities across plateau freshwater lake and upslope soils. J Environ Sci (China) 2016; 43:61-69. [PMID: 27155410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2015.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms are involved in a variety of biogeochemical processes in natural environments. The differences between bacterial communities in freshwaters and upslope soils remain unclear. The present study investigated the bacterial distribution in a plateau freshwater lake, Erhai Lake (southwestern China), and its upslope soils. Illumina MiSeq sequencing illustrated high bacterial diversity in lake sediments and soils. Sediment and soil bacterial communities were mainly composed of Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi and Planctomycetes. However, a distinctive difference in bacterial community structure was found between soil and sediment ecosystems. Water content, nitrogen and pH affected the distribution of the bacterial community across Erhai Lake and its upslope soils. Moreover, the soil bacterial community might also be shaped by plant types. This work could provide some new insights into plateau aquatic and terrestrial microbial ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Management of Plateau Lake-Watershed, Kunming 650034, China.
| | - Yu Dai
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences (Ministry of Education), College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences (Ministry of Education), College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shuguang Xie
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Yong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences (Ministry of Education), College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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45
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Gu Q, Wu Q, Zhang J, Guo W, Wu H, Sun M. Community Analysis and Recovery of Phenol-degrading Bacteria from Drinking Water Biofilters. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:495. [PMID: 27148185 PMCID: PMC4828441 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenol is a ubiquitous organic contaminant in drinking water. Biodegradation plays an important role in the elimination of phenol pollution in the environment, but the information about phenol removal by drinking water biofilters is still lacking. Herein, we study an acclimated bacterial community that can degrade over 80% of 300 mg/L phenol within 3 days. PCR detection of genotypes involved in bacterial phenol degradation revealed that the degradation pathways contained the initial oxidative attack by phenol hydroxylase, and subsequent ring fission by catechol 1,2-dioxygenase. Based on the PCR denatured gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) profiles of bacteria from biological activated carbon (BAC), the predominant bacteria in drinking water biofilters including Delftia sp., Achromobacter sp., and Agrobacterium sp., which together comprised up to 50% of the total microorganisms. In addition, a shift in bacterial community structure was observed during phenol biodegradation. Furthermore, the most effective phenol-degrading strain DW-1 that correspond to the main band in denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profile was isolated and identified as Acinetobacter sp., according to phylogenetic analyses of the 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene sequences. The strain DW-1 also produced the most important enzyme, phenol hydroxylase, and it also exhibited a good ability to degrade phenol when immobilized on granular active carbon (GAC). This study indicates that the enrichment culture has great potential application for treatment of phenol-polluted drinking water sources, and the indigenous phenol-degrading microorganism could recover from drinking water biofilters as an efficient resource for phenol removal. Therefore, the aim of this study is to draw attention to recover native phenol-degrading bacteria from drinking water biofilters, and use these native microorganisms as phenolic water remediation in drinking water sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihui Gu
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou, China; Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied MicrobiologyGuangzhou, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Guangzhou, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Guangzhou, China
| | - Weipeng Guo
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiqing Wu
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Sun
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Guangzhou, China
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46
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Spatiotemporal variation of bacterial and archaeal communities in a pilot-scale constructed wetland for surface water treatment. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:1479-1488. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7072-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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47
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Bacterial growth during the start-up period of pilot-scale biological activated carbon filters: Effects of residual ozone and chlorine and backwash intervals. Process Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2015.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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48
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Delatolla R, Séguin C, Springthorpe S, Gorman E, Campbell A, Douglas I. Disinfection byproduct formation during biofiltration cycle: Implications for drinking water production. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 136:190-197. [PMID: 26002158 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Revised: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to investigate the potential of biofiltration to reduce the formation potential of disinfection byproducts (DBPs). Particularly, the work investigates the effect of the duration of the filter cycle on the formation potential of total trihalomethanes (TTHM) and five species of haloacetic acids (HAA5), dissolved oxygen (DO), organic carbon, nitrogen and total phosphorous concentrations along with biofilm coverage of the filter media and biomass viability of the attached cells. The study was conducted on a full-scale biologically active filter, with anthracite and sand media, at the Britannia water treatment plant (WTP), located in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. The formation potential of both TTHMs and HAA5s decreased due to biofiltration. However the lowest formation potentials for both groups of DBPs and or their precursors were observed immediately following a backwash event. Hence, the highest percent removal of DBPs was observed during the early stages of the biofiltration cycle, which suggests that a higher frequency of backwashing will reduce the formation of DBPs. Variable pressure scanning electron microscopy (VPSEM) analysis shows that biofilm coverage of anthracite and sand media increases as the filtration cycle progressed, while biomass viability analysis demonstrates that the percentage of cells attached to the anthracite and sand media also increases as the filtration cycle progresses. These results suggest that the development and growth of biofilm on the filters increases the DPB formation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Delatolla
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - C Séguin
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - S Springthorpe
- Center for Research on Environmental Microbiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - E Gorman
- City of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1P 1J1, Canada
| | - A Campbell
- City of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1P 1J1, Canada
| | - I Douglas
- City of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1P 1J1, Canada
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49
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Guan W, Yin M, He T, Xie S. Influence of substrate type on microbial community structure in vertical-flow constructed wetland treating polluted river water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:16202-16209. [PMID: 26263887 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5160-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms attached on the surfaces of substrate materials in constructed wetland play crucial roles in the removal of organic and inorganic pollutants. However, the impact of substrate material on wetland microbial community structure remains unclear. Moreover, little is known about microbial community in constructed wetland purifying polluted surface water. In this study, Illumina high-throughput sequencing was applied to profile the spatial variation of microbial communities in three pilot-scale surface water constructed wetlands with different substrate materials (sand, zeolite, and gravel). Bacterial community diversity and structure showed remarkable spatial variation in both sand and zeolite wetland systems, but changed slightly in gravel wetland system. Bacterial community was found to be significantly influenced by wetland substrate type. A number of bacterial groups were detected in wetland systems, including Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Nitrospirae, Planctomycetes, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Chlorobi, Spirochaetae, Gemmatimonadetes, Deferribacteres, OP8, WS3, TA06, and OP3, while Proteobacteria (accounting for 29.1-62.3 %), mainly composed of Alpha-, Beta-, Gamma-, and Deltaproteobacteria, showed the dominance and might contribute to the effective reduction of organic pollutants. In addition, Nitrospira-like microorganisms were abundant in surface water constructed wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guan
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Min Yin
- The Technology Review Center of Shenzhen Habitation and Environment, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Tao He
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environment Protection (MEP), Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Shuguang Xie
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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Wang W, Guo Y, Yang Q, Huang Y, Zhu C, Fan J, Pan F. Characterization of the microbial community structure and nitrosamine-reducing isolates in drinking water biofilters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 521-522:219-225. [PMID: 25841075 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Two biofilters were constructed using biological activated carbon (BAC) and nitrosamine-containing water from two drinking water treatment plants. The microbiome of each biofilter was characterized by 454 high-throughput pyrosequencing, and one nitrosamine-reducing bacterium was isolated. The results showed that nitrosamines changed the relative abundance at both the phylum and class levels, and the new genera were observed in the microbial communities of the two BAC filters after cultivation. As such, the genus Rhodococcus, which includes many nitrosamine-reducing strains reported in previous studies, was only detected in the BAC2 filter after cultivation. These findings indicate that nitrosamines can significantly affect the genus level in the microbial communities. Furthermore, the isolated bacterial culture Rhodococcus cercidiphylli A41 AS-1 exhibited the ability to reduce five nitrosamines (N-nitrosodimethylamine, N-nitrosodiethylamine, N-nitrosodi-n-propylamine, N-nitrosopyrrolidine, and N-nitrosodi-n-butylamine) with removal ratios that ranged from 38.1% to 85.4%. The isolate exhibited a better biodegradation ability with nitrosamine as the carbon source when compared with nitrosamine as the nitrogen source. This study increases our understanding of the microbial community in drinking water biofilters with trace quantities of nitrosamines, and provides information on the metabolism of nitrosamine-reducing bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
| | - Yanling Guo
- College of Resource and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Qingxiang Yang
- Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Yao Huang
- Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Chunyou Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Jing Fan
- Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Feng Pan
- Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
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