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Chaoua S, Flahaut S, Cornu B, Hiligsmann S, Chaouche NK. Unlocking the potential of Algerian lignocellulosic biomass: exploring indigenous microbial diversity for enhanced enzyme and sugar production. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:277. [PMID: 38789671 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-04011-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Nowadays, natural resources like lignocellulosic biomass are gaining more and more attention. This study was conducted to analyse chemical composition of dried and ground samples (500 μm) of various Algerian bioresources including alfa stems (AS), dry palms (DP), olive pomace (OP), pinecones (PC), and tomato waste (TW). AS exhibited the lowest lignin content (3.60 ± 0.60%), but the highest cellulose (58.30 ± 2.06%), and hemicellulose (20.00 ± 3.07%) levels. DP, OP, and PC had around 30% cellulose, and 10% hemicellulose. OP had the highest lignin content (29.00 ± 6.40%), while TW contained (15.70 ± 2.67% cellulose, 13.70 ± 0.002% hemicellulose, and 17.90 ± 4.00% lignin). Among 91 isolated microorganisms, nine were selected for cellulase, xylanase, and/or laccase production. The ability of Bacillus mojavensis to produce laccase and cellulase, as well as B. safensis to produce cellulase and xylanase, is being reported for the first time. In submerged conditions, TW was the most suitable substrate for enzyme production. In this conditions, T. versicolor K1 was the only strain able to produce laccase (4,170 ± 556 U/L). Additionally, Coniocheata hoffmannii P4 exhibited the highest cellulase activity (907.62 ± 26.22 U/L), and B. mojavensis Y3 the highest xylanase activity (612.73 ± 12.73 U/L). T. versicolor K1 culture showed reducing sugars accumulation of 18.87% compared to initial concentrations. Sucrose was the predominant sugar detected by HPLC analysis (13.44 ± 0.02 g/L). Our findings suggest that T. versicolor K1 holds promise for laccase production, while TW represents a suitable substrate for sucrose production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah Chaoua
- Laboratoire de Mycologie, de Biotechnologie et de l'Activité Microbienne (LaMyBAM), Département de Biologie Appliquée, Université des Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria.
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Sigrid Flahaut
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Serge Hiligsmann
- Bioengineering Department, CELABOR Research Center, Herve, Belgium
| | - Noreddine Kacem Chaouche
- Laboratoire de Mycologie, de Biotechnologie et de l'Activité Microbienne (LaMyBAM), Département de Biologie Appliquée, Université des Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
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Srivastava S, Dafale NA. Tailored microbial consortium producing hydrolytic enzyme cocktail for maximum saccharification of wheat straw. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 399:130560. [PMID: 38460563 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
The potential of hydrolytic enzyme cocktail obtained from designed bacterial consortium WSh-1 comprising Bacillus subtilis CRN 16, Paenibacillus dendritiformis CRN 18, Niallia circulans CRN 24, Serratia marscens CRN 29, and Streptomyces sp. CRN 30, was investigated for maximum saccharification. Activity was further enhanced to 1.01 U/ml from 0.82 U/ml by supplementing growth medium with biotin and cellobiose as a cofactor and inducer. Through kinetic analysis, the enzyme cocktail showed a high wheat straw affinity with Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) of 0.68 µmol/L and a deconstruction rate (Vmax) of 4.5 U/ml/min. The statistical optimization of critical parameters increased saccharification to 89 %. The optimized process in a 5-L lab-scale bioreactor yielded 501 mg/g of reducing sugar from NaOH-pretreated wheat straw. Lastly, genomic insights revealed unique abundant oligosaccharide deconstruction enzymes with the most diverse CAZyme profile. The consortium-mediated enzyme cocktails offer broader versatility with efficiency for the economical and sustainable valorization of lignocellulosic waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Srivastava
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur 440020, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Nishant A Dafale
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur 440020, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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Herrmann LW, Letti LAJ, Penha RDO, Soccol VT, Rodrigues C, Soccol CR. Bacillus genus industrial applications and innovation: First steps towards a circular bioeconomy. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 70:108300. [PMID: 38101553 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, environmental concerns have directed several policies, investments, and production processes. The search for sustainable and eco-friendly strategies is constantly increasing to reduce petrochemical product utilization, fossil fuel pollution, waste generation, and other major ecological impacts. The concepts of circular economy, bioeconomy, and biorefinery are increasingly being applied to solve or reduce those problems, directing us towards a greener future. Within the biotechnology field, the Bacillus genus of bacteria presents extremely versatile microorganisms capable of producing a great variety of products with little to no dependency on petrochemicals. They are able to grow in different agro-industrial wastes and extreme conditions, resulting in healthy and environmentally friendly products, such as foods, feeds, probiotics, plant growth promoters, biocides, enzymes, and bioactive compounds. The objective of this review was to compile the variety of products that can be produced with Bacillus cells, using the concepts of biorefinery and circular economy as the scope to search for greener alternatives to each production method and providing market and bioeconomy ideas of global production. Although the genus is extensively used in industry, little information is available on its large-scale production, and there is little current data regarding bioeconomy and circular economy parameters for the bacteria. Therefore, as this work gathers several products' economic, production, and environmentally friendly use information, it can be addressed as one of the first steps towards those sustainable strategies. Additionally, an extensive patent search was conducted, focusing on products that contain or are produced by the Bacillus genus, providing an indication of global technology development and direction of the bacteria products. The Bacillus global market represented at least $18 billion in 2020, taking into account only the products addressed in this article, and at least 650 patent documents submitted per year since 2017, indicating this market's extreme importance. The data we provide in this article can be used as a base for further studies in bioeconomy and circular economy and show the genus is a promising candidate for a greener and more sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Wedderhoff Herrmann
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos Street, CP 19011, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Alberto Junior Letti
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos Street, CP 19011, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Rafaela de Oliveira Penha
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos Street, CP 19011, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Vanete Thomaz Soccol
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos Street, CP 19011, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Cristine Rodrigues
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos Street, CP 19011, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ricardo Soccol
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Francisco H. dos Santos Street, CP 19011, Centro Politécnico, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil
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Thomas L, Ram H, Singh VP. Multipurpose cellulases of Promicromonospora sp. VP111, with broad substrate specificity and tolerance properties. J Basic Microbiol 2023. [PMID: 37097714 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202200679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Cellulolytic actinobacterium, Promicromonospora sp. VP111 concomitantly produced cellulases (CELs), xylanase and pectinase when grown on commercial cellulose and untreated agricultural lignocellulosic residues (wheat straw and sugarcane bagasse). Secreted CELs hydrolyzed (enhanced with Co2+ ion) multiple cellulosic substrates, including sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC), Whatman filter paper no. 1, microcrystalline cellulose (avicel), p-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (pNPG), laminarin, and cellulose powder. The CELs showed stabilities in the presence of various chemicals, including glucose (0.2 M), detergents (1%, w/v or v/v), denaturants (1%, w/v or v/v), and sodium chloride (NaCl, 30%, w/v). The CELs were fractionated using ammonium sulfate precipitation and dialysis. Activities (%) of fractionated CELs were retained at 60°C for endoglucanase/carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) (88.38), filter paper cellulase (FPase) (77.55), and β-glucosidase (90.52), which indicated of thermo-stability. Similarly, the activities (%) for CMCase (85.79), FPase (82.48), and β-glucosidase (85.92) at pH 8.5 indicated of alkaline-stability. Kinetic factors, Km and Vmax for endoglucanase component of fractionated CELs were 0.014 g/l and 158.23 µM glucose/min/mL, respectively. Fractionated CELs yielded activation energies (kJ/mol) of 17.933, 6.294, and 4.207 for CMCase, FPase, and β-glucosidase activities, respectively in linear thermostable Arrhenius plots. Thus, this study reports on the multipurpose CELs from an untreated agricultural residue utilizing Promicromonospora in relation to broad substrate specificity, halo-tolerance, alkaline-tolerance, detergent-tolerance, thermo-tolerance, organic solvent-tolerance, and end product-tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lebin Thomas
- Department of Botany, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Hari Ram
- National Chemical Laboratory (NCL), National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (NCIM), Biochemical Sciences Division, Pune, India
| | - Ved P Singh
- Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
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Xu H, Zhang L, Feng X, Yang Q, Zheng K, Duan S, Cheng L. Metagenomic and proteomic analysis of bacterial retting community and proteome profile in the degumming process of kenaf bast. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:516. [PMID: 36333799 PMCID: PMC9636830 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03890-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data on the microbial community and functional proteins associated with degumming in kenaf remains scant. Here, we analyzed the microbial communities associated with kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) bast fibers during retting to identify potential candidate degumming bacteria. Retting liquids were collected and analyzed at 0 days, 10 days, and 34 days and then evaluated the yield and quality of kenaf fiber at the different retting times. Besides, the microbial communities were characterized using metagenomic and proteomic analysis by LC-MS/MS technology. RESULTS The data showed that increase in the retting time significantly improves the softness, dispersion, and fiber whiteness of the kenaf fiber. The relative abundance of Acinetobacter increased from 2.88% at the baseline to 6.64% at the 34th retting. On the other hand, some members of Clostridium were reduced from 3% at the baseline to 2% at the 34th retting. Analysis of carbohydrate active enzymes showed constant changes in the utilization of carbohydrates. Besides, benzoquinone reductase, cellobiose dehydrogenase, glucose 1-oxidase, aryl alcohol oxidase and alcohol oxidase were the top five most abundant enzymes in the retting liquids. This present results demonstrated that the expressions of B7GYR8, Q6RYW5 and Q6FFK2 proteins were suppressed in Acinetobacter with the retting time. On the contrary, P05149 was upregulated with the retting time. In Clostridium, P37698, P52040 and P54937 proteins were upregulated with the retting time. CONCLUSION In addition, bacteria Acinetobacter and Clostridium might be playing important roles in the kenaf degumming process. Similarly, up-regulation of P37698, P52040 and P54937 proteins is an important manifestation and mediates important roles in the degumming process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Xu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, 348 West XianJiahu Road, Changsha, China
| | - Lixia Zhang
- Xinyang City Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 20 Minquan South Street, Shihe District, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Xiangyuan Feng
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, 348 West XianJiahu Road, Changsha, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, 348 West XianJiahu Road, Changsha, China
| | - Ke Zheng
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, 348 West XianJiahu Road, Changsha, China
| | - Shengwen Duan
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, 348 West XianJiahu Road, Changsha, China.
| | - Lifeng Cheng
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, 348 West XianJiahu Road, Changsha, China.
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Agarase, Amylase and Xylanase from Halomonas meridiana: A Study on Optimization of Coproduction for Biomass Saccharification. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8100479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Coproduction of multienzymes from single potential microbe has captivated contemplation in industries. Bacterial strain, Halomonas meridiana VITSVRP14, isolated from seaweed was labored to produce amylase, agarase and xylanase conjointly using submerged fermentation. The optimum production conditions clinched by classical optimization were: pH 8; 1.5% inoculum; 24 h incubation, 40 °C; 8% NaCl (sodium chloride); 1% lactose and NaNO3 (sodium nitrate). The preponderant variables (pH, temperature, lactose) and their interaction effect on enzyme production were studied by Plackett-Burman design and Response Surface Methodology (RSM). There were 3.29, 1.81 and 2.08 fold increase in enzyme activity with respect to agarase, amylase and xylanase after optimization against basal medium. After 24 h of enzymatic treatment, the saccharification rates of the coproduced enzyme mixture were 38.96% on rice bran, 49.85% on wheat bran, 61.2% on cassava bagasse and 57.82% on corn cob. Thus, the coproduced enzyme mixture from a bacterium with halotolerance is plausible in pretreated lignocellulose degradation. The ability of this single microbe Halomonas meridiana VITSVRP14, in coproducing agarase, amylase and xylanase give the nod for its application in biomass saccharification by subsiding cost, energy and time involved in the process.
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Vali N, Fatemi SSA, Alinaghi M. Optimization of ultrasound-assisted production of ergosterol from Penicillium brevicompactum by Taguchi statistical method. Biotechnol Lett 2022; 44:1217-1230. [PMID: 36057882 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-022-03297-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Ergosterol as a primary metabolite and precursor of vitamin D2, is the most plentiful mycosterols in fungal cell membrane. Process optimization to increase the yield and productivity of biological products is a topic of interest. Ultrasonic waves have many applications in biotechnology, like cell disruption, and enhancement of primary and secondary metabolites production. This study disclosed an optimal condition for ultrasound-assisted production (UAP) of ergosterol from Penicillium brevicompactum MUCL 19,011 using L9 Taguchi statistical method. The intensity (IS), time of sonication (TS), treatment frequency (TF), and number of days of treatment (DT) were allocated to study the effects of ultrasound on ergosterol production. The results were analyzed using Minitab version 19. The maximum ergosterol, 11 mg/g cell dry weight (CDW), was produced on the tenth day while all factors were at a low level. The days of treatment with a contribution of 45.48% was the most significant factor for ergosterol production. For the first time, this study revealed the positive effect of ultrasound on the production of ergosterol. Ergosterol production increased 73% (4.63 mg/g CDW) after process optimization. Finally, a mathematical model of ultrasound factors with a regression coefficient of R2 = 0.978 was obtained for the ergosterol production during ultrasound treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Vali
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran.,Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
| | - Seyed-Safa-Ali Fatemi
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Masoumeh Alinaghi
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus N, Aarhus, Denmark
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Luo Y, Su A, Yang J, Yu Q, Wang E, Yuan H. Production of 5-aminolevulinic acid from hydrolysates of cassava residue and fish waste by engineered Bacillus cereus PT1. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 16:381-391. [PMID: 35920136 PMCID: PMC9871517 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The economical production of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) has recently received increasing attention for its extensive use in agriculture. In this study, a strain of Bacillus cereus PT1 could initially produce ALA at a titre of 251.72 mg/L by using a hydrolysate mixture of low-cost cassava residue and fish waste. The integration of endogenous hemA encoding glutamyl-tRNA reductase led to a 39.30% increase in ALA production. Moreover, improving cell permeability by deletion of the LytR-CpsA-Psr (LCP) family gene tagU led to a further increase of 59.73% in ALA production. Finally, the engineered strain B. cereus PT1-hemA-ΔtagU produced 2.62 g/L of ALA from the previously mentioned hydrolysate mixture in a 7-L bioreactor. In a pot experiment, foliar spray of the ALA produced by B. cereus PT1-hemA-ΔtagU from the hydrolysates increased salt tolerance of cucumber by improving chlorophyll content and catalase activity, while decreasing malondialdehyde content. Overall, this study demonstrated an economic way to produce ALA using a microbial platform and evidenced the potential of ALA in agricultural application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Anping Su
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jinshui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Qijun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Entao Wang
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias BiológicasInstituto Politécnico NacionalMexico CityMexico
| | - Hongli Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
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Bhardwaj N, Kumar B, Agrawal K, Verma P. Current perspective on production and applications of microbial cellulases: a review. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2021; 8:95. [PMID: 38650192 PMCID: PMC10992179 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-021-00447-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential of cellulolytic enzymes has been widely studied and explored for bioconversion processes and plays a key role in various industrial applications. Cellulase, a key enzyme for cellulose-rich waste feedstock-based biorefinery, has increasing demand in various industries, e.g., paper and pulp, juice clarification, etc. Also, there has been constant progress in developing new strategies to enhance its production, such as the application of waste feedstock as the substrate for the production of individual or enzyme cocktails, process parameters control, and genetic manipulations for enzyme production with enhanced yield, efficiency, and specificity. Further, an insight into immobilization techniques has also been presented for improved reusability of cellulase, a critical factor that controls the cost of the enzyme at an industrial scale. In addition, the review also gives an insight into the status of the significant application of cellulase in the industrial sector, with its techno-economic analysis for future applications. The present review gives a complete overview of current perspectives on the production of microbial cellulases as a promising tool to develop a sustainable and greener concept for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Bhardwaj
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400019, India
| | - Bikash Kumar
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Komal Agrawal
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Pradeep Verma
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India.
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Liao C, Ayansola H, Ma Y, Ito K, Guo Y, Zhang B. Advances in Enhanced Menaquinone-7 Production From Bacillus subtilis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:695526. [PMID: 34354987 PMCID: PMC8330505 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.695526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of nutraceutical compounds through biosynthetic approaches has received considerable attention in recent years. For example, Menaquinone-7 (MK-7), a sub-type of Vitamin K2, biosynthesized from Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), proved to be more efficiently produced than the conventional chemical synthesis techniques. This is possible due to the development of B. subtilis as a chassis cell during the biosynthesis stages. Hence, it is imperative to provide insights on the B. subtilis membrane permeability modifications, biofilm reactors, and fermentation optimization as advanced techniques relevant to MK-7 production. Although the traditional gene-editing method of homologous recombination improves the biosynthetic pathway, CRISPR-Cas9 could potentially resolve the drawbacks of traditional genome editing techniques. For these reasons, future studies should explore the applications of CRISPRi (CRISPR interference) and CRISPRa (CRISPR activation) system gene-editing tools in the MK-7 anabolism pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyong Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hammed Ayansola
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanbo Ma
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Department of Animal Physiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Koichi Ito
- Department of Food and Physiological Models, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yuming Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Bingkun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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A novel strategy for producing cellulase from Trichoderma reesei with ultrasound‐assisted fermentation using spent mushroom substrate. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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12
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Ray Chaudhuri S, Gogoi M, Biswas T, Chatterjee S, Chanda C, Jamatia R, Modak A, Sett SK, Mukherjee I. Optimization of bio-chemical degumming of Ramie fiber for improved strength & luster. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 28:e00532. [PMID: 33024713 PMCID: PMC7528072 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A bacterial consortium tailor-made for appropriate degumming of partially chemically treated Ramie fiber developed. Stronger (6.3 folds) ramie fiber following biochemical processing than chemical degumming. Biochemically processed fiber more soft and lustrous, forming much finer fabric than seen earlier.
Textile industries are currently not showing much interest in Ramie fibers due to the difficulties associated with their post-harvest downstream processing. The degumming chemicals are often detrimental to the environment upon discharged. Chemical degumming alone results in fibril-released coarse and brittle fibers. This problem has been addressed by combining partial chemical treatment with microbial degumming of the fibers for 72 h at 37 °C using a novel microbial formulation with Bacillus thuringiensis MCC2138 and Bacillus subtilis ABDR01. The extracellular microbial enzyme-based degumming without the release of fibrils produced a durable, soft, and lustrous fiber with higher tensile strength while utilizing fewer chemicals, thereby leading to lower discharge toxicity. The improved texture and strength compared to complete chemical treatment are attributed to even degumming of the fiber ensuring proper spinnability. Through this approach, Ramie is expected to gain visibility in the global textile market, thereby leading to Ramie cultivators' economic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaon Ray Chaudhuri
- Department of Microbiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, West Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Mandakini Gogoi
- Department of Microbiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, West Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Tethi Biswas
- Department of Microbiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, West Tripura, 799022, India.,Centre of Excellence in Environmental Technology and Management, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, (Formerly known as West Bengal University of Technology), Haringhata, Nadia, West Bengal, 741249, India
| | - Soumya Chatterjee
- Department of Management Sciences, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, (Formerly known as West Bengal University of Technology), Haringhata, Nadia, West Bengal, 741249, India
| | - Chaitali Chanda
- Centre of Excellence in Environmental Technology and Management, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, (Formerly known as West Bengal University of Technology), Haringhata, Nadia, West Bengal, 741249, India
| | - Ronald Jamatia
- Department of Microbiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, West Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Ajoy Modak
- Department of Microbiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, West Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Sunil K Sett
- Department of Jute and Fibre Technology, Calcutta University, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Indranil Mukherjee
- Centre of Excellence in Environmental Technology and Management, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, (Formerly known as West Bengal University of Technology), Haringhata, Nadia, West Bengal, 741249, India.,Department of Management Sciences, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, (Formerly known as West Bengal University of Technology), Haringhata, Nadia, West Bengal, 741249, India
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Behzadnia A, Moosavi-Nasab M, Ojha S, Tiwari BK. Exploitation of Ultrasound Technique for Enhancement of Microbial Metabolites Production. Molecules 2020; 25:E5473. [PMID: 33238482 PMCID: PMC7700470 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial metabolites have significant impacts on our lives from providing valuable compounds for nutrition to agriculture and healthcare. Ever-growing demand for these natural compounds has led to the need for smart and efficient production techniques. Ultrasound is a multi-applicable technology widely exploited in a range of industries such as chemical, medical, biotechnological, pharmaceutical, and food processes. Depending on the type of ultrasound employed, it can be used to either monitor or drive fermentation processes. Ultrasonication can improve bioproduct productivity via intensifying the performance of living organisms. Controlled ultrasonication can influence the metabolites' biosynthesis efficiency and growth rates by improvement of cell permeability as well as mass transfer and nutrient uptake rates through cell membranes. This review contains a summarized description about suitable microbial metabolites and the applications of ultrasound technique for enhancement of the production of these metabolites as well as the associated downstream processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Behzadnia
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, 7144165186 Shiraz, Iran
- Seafood Processing Research Group, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, 7144165186 Shiraz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Moosavi-Nasab
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, 7144165186 Shiraz, Iran
- Seafood Processing Research Group, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, 7144165186 Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shikha Ojha
- Department of Horticultural Engineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, 14469 Potsdam, Germany;
- Food Chemistry and Technology, Teagasc Food Research Centre, 53.38066 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Brijesh K. Tiwari
- Food Chemistry and Technology, Teagasc Food Research Centre, 53.38066 Dublin, Ireland;
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Amobonye A, Bhagwat P, Singh S, Pillai S. Enhanced xylanase and endoglucanase production from Beauveria bassiana SAN01, an entomopathogenic fungal endophyte. Fungal Biol 2020; 125:39-48. [PMID: 33317775 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to explore alternative applications of the widely known entomopathogenic/endophytic fungus, Beauveria bassiana, besides its sole use as a biocontrol agent. B. bassiana SAN01, was investigated for the production of two glycoside hydrolases, xylanase and endoglucanase under submerged conditions. Among the different biomass tested, wheat bran provided the best results for both xylanase and endoglucanase, and their production levels were further enhanced using response surface methodology. Under optimised conditions, heightened yields of 1061 U/ml and 23.03 U/ml were observed for xylanase and endoglucanase, respectively, which were 3.44 and 1.35 folds higher than their initial yields. These are the highest ever production levels reported for xylanase and endoglucanase from any B. bassiana strain or any known entomopathogenic fungi. Furthermore, the efficacy of xylanase/endoglucanase cocktail in the saccharification of sugarcane bagasse was evaluated. The highest amount of reducing sugar released from the pretreated biomass by the action of the crude Beauveria enzyme cocktail was recorded at 30°C after 8 h incubation. The significant activities of the hydrolytic enzymes recorded with B. bassiana in this study thus present promising avenues for the use of the entomopathogen as a new source of industrial enzymes and by extension, other biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayodeji Amobonye
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P O Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Prashant Bhagwat
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P O Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Suren Singh
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P O Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Santhosh Pillai
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P O Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
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