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Moyo MTG, Adali T, Tulay P. Exploring gellan gum-based hydrogels for regenerating human embryonic stem cells in age-related macular degeneration therapy: A literature review. Regen Ther 2024; 26:235-250. [PMID: 38966602 PMCID: PMC11222715 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2024.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive ocular disease marked by the deterioration of retinal photoreceptor cells, leading to central vision decline, predominantly affecting the elderly population worldwide. Current treatment modalities, such as anti-VEGF agents, laser therapy, and photodynamic therapy, aim to manage the condition, with emerging strategies like stem cell replacement therapy showing promise. However, challenges like immune rejection and cell survival hinder the efficacy of stem cell interventions. Regenerative medicine faces obstacles in maximizing stem cell potential due to limitations in mimicking the dynamic cues of the extracellular matrix (ECM) crucial for guiding stem cell behaviour. Innovative biomaterials like gellan gum hydrogels offer tailored microenvironments conducive to enhancing stem cell culture efficacy and tissue regeneration. Gellan gum-based hydrogels, renowned for biocompatibility and customizable mechanical properties, provide crucial support for cell viability, differentiation, and controlled release of therapeutic factors, making them an ideal platform for culturing human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). These hydrogels mimic native tissue mechanics, promoting optimal hESC differentiation while minimizing immune responses and facilitating localized delivery. This review explores the potential of Gellan Gum-Based Hydrogels in regenerative AMD therapy, emphasizing their role in enhancing hESC regeneration and addressing current status, treatment limitations, and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mthabisi Talent George Moyo
- Near East University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, P.O. Box: 99138, Nicosia, Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey
- Girne American University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, PO Box 99428, Karmi Campus, Karaoglanoglu, Kyrenia, Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey
- Girne American University, Research and Application Center of Biomedical Sciences, PO Box 99428, Karmi Campus, Karaoglanoglu, Kyrenia, North Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Terin Adali
- Girne American University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, PO Box 99428, Karmi Campus, Karaoglanoglu, Kyrenia, Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey
- Girne American University, Research and Application Center of Biomedical Sciences, PO Box 99428, Karmi Campus, Karaoglanoglu, Kyrenia, North Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Pinar Tulay
- Near East University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey
- Near East University, DESAM Research Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey
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2
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Tabata Y, Joanna I, Higuchi A. Stem cell culture and differentiation in 3-D scaffolds. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 199:109-127. [PMID: 37678968 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Conventional two-dimensional (2-D) cultivation are easy to utilize for human pluripotent stem (hPS) cell cultivation in standard techniques and are important for analysis or development of the signal pathways to keep pluripotent state of hPS cells cultivated on 2-D cell culture materials. However, the most efficient protocol to prepare hPS cells is the cell culture in a three dimensional (3-D) cultivation unit because huge numbers of hPS cells should be utilized in clinical treatment. Some 3-D cultivation strategies for hPS cells are considered: (a) microencapsulated cell cultivation in suspended hydrogels, (b) cell cultivation on microcarriers (MCs), (c) cell cultivation on self-aggregated spheroid [cell aggregates; embryoid bodies (EBs) and organoids], (d) cell cultivation on microfibers or nanofibers, and (e) cell cultivation in macroporous scaffolds. These cultivation ways are described in this chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiko Tabata
- Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kawara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Idaszek Joanna
- Division of Materials Design, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska Street, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Akon Higuchi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli, Taoyuan, Taiwan; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China.
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3
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Sung TC, Maitiruze K, Pan J, Gong J, Bai Y, Pan X, Higuchi A. Universal and hypoimmunogenic pluripotent stem cells for clinical usage. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 199:271-296. [PMID: 37678974 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
It is urgent to prepare and store large numbers of clinical trial grade human pluripotent stem (hPS) cells for off-the-shelf use in stem cell therapies. However, stem cell banks, which store off-the-shelf stem cells, need financial support and large amounts of technicians for daily cell maintenance. Therefore, it is valuable to create "universal" or "hypoimmunogenic" hPS cells with genome editing engineering by knocking in or out immune-related genes. Only a small number of universal or hypoimmunogenic hPS cell lines should be needed to store for off-the-shelf usage and reduce the large amounts of instruments, consumables and technicians. In this article, we consider how to create hypoimmunogenic or universal hPS cells as well as the demerits of the technology. β2-Microglobulin-knockout hPS cells did not harbor human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-expressing class I cells but led to the activation of natural killer cells. To escape the activities of macrophages and natural killer cells, homozygous hPS cells having a single allele of an HLA class I gene, such as HLA-C, were proposed. Major HLA class Ia molecules were knocked out, and CD47, HLA-G and PD-L1 were knocked in hPS cells utilizing CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. Finally, some researchers are trying to generate universal hPS cells without genome editing. The cells evaded the activation of not only T cells but also macrophages and natural killer cells. These universal hPS cells have high potential for application in cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Cheng Sung
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Kailibinuer Maitiruze
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jiandong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jian Gong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Yongheng Bai
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital Area, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Pan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital Area, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Akon Higuchi
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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4
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Tian Z, Yu T, Liu J, Wang T, Higuchi A. Introduction to stem cells. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 199:3-32. [PMID: 37678976 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells have self-renewal capability and can proliferate and differentiate into a variety of functionally active cells that can serve in various tissues and organs. This review discusses the history, definition, and classification of stem cells. Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) mainly include embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). Embryonic stem cells are derived from the inner cell mass of the embryo. Induced pluripotent stem cells are derived from reprogramming somatic cells. Pluripotent stem cells have the ability to differentiate into cells derived from all three germ layers (endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm). Adult stem cells can be multipotent or unipotent and can produce tissue-specific terminally differentiated cells. Stem cells can be used in cell therapy to replace and regenerate damaged tissues or organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Tao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China.
| | - Akon Higuchi
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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5
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Wang T, Liu Q, Chang YT, Liu J, Yu T, Maitiruze K, Ban LK, Sung TC, Subbiah SK, Renuka RR, Jen SH, Lee HHC, Higuchi A. Designed peptide-grafted hydrogels for human pluripotent stem cell culture and differentiation. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:1434-1444. [PMID: 36541288 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02521c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have the ability to differentiate into cells derived from three germ layers and are an attractive cell source for cell therapy in regenerative medicine. However, hPSCs cannot be cultured on conventional tissue culture flasks but can be cultured on biomaterials with specific hPSC integrin interaction sites. We designed hydrogels conjugated with several designed peptides that had laminin-β4 active sites, optimal elasticities and different zeta potentials. A higher expansion fold of hPSCs cultured on the hydrogels was found with the increasing zeta potential of the hydrogels conjugated with designed peptides, where positive amino acid (lysine) insertion into the peptides promoted higher zeta potentials of the hydrogels and higher expansion folds of hPSCs when cultured on the hydrogels using xeno-free protocols. The hPSCs cultured on hydrogels conjugated with the optimal peptides showed a higher expansion fold than those on recombinant vitronectin-coated plates, which are the gold standard of hPSC cultivation dishes. The hPSCs could differentiate into specific cell lineages, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MSC-derived osteoblasts, even after being cultivated on hydrogels conjugated with optimal peptides for long periods of time, such as 10 passages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
| | - Yu-Tang Chang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda RD., Jhongli, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan.
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
| | - Tao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
| | - Kailibinuer Maitiruze
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
| | - Lee-Kiat Ban
- Department of Surgery, Hsinchu Cathay General Hospital, No. 678, Sec 2, Zhonghua Rd., Hsinchu, 30060, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Cheng Sung
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
| | - Suresh Kumar Subbiah
- Centre for Materials Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, 173, Agaram Road, Tambaram East, Chennai-73, 600078, India
| | - Remya Rajan Renuka
- Centre for Materials Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, 173, Agaram Road, Tambaram East, Chennai-73, 600078, India
| | - Shih Hsi Jen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taiwan Landseed Hospital, 77, Kuangtai Road, Pingjen City, Taoyuan 32405, Taiwan
| | - Henry Hsin-Chung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Hsinchu Cathay General Hospital, No. 678, Sec 2, Zhonghua Rd., Hsinchu, 30060, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, 10630, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Translational and Interdisciplinary Medicine, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda Rd., Jhongli, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Akon Higuchi
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China. .,Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda RD., Jhongli, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan. .,R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
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6
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Sung TC, Wang T, Liu Q, Ling QD, Subbiah SK, Renuka RR, Hsu ST, Umezawa A, Higuchi A. Cell-binding peptides on the material surface guide stem cell fate of adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:1389-1415. [PMID: 36727243 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02601e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Human cells, especially stem cells, need to communicate and interact with extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, which not only serve as structural components but also guide and support cell fate and properties such as cell adhesion, proliferation, survival and differentiation. The binding of the cells with ECM proteins or ECM-derived peptides via cell adhesion receptors such as integrins activates several signaling pathways that determine the cell fate, morphological change, proliferation and differentiation. The development of synthetic ECM protein-derived peptides that mimic the biological and biochemical functions of natural ECM proteins will benefit academic and clinical application. Peptides derived from or inspired by specific ECM proteins can act as agonists of each ECM protein receptor. Given that most ECM proteins function in cell adhesion via integrin receptors, many peptides have been developed that bind to specific integrin receptors. In this review, we discuss the peptide sequence, immobilization design, reaction method, and functions of several ECM protein-derived peptides. Various peptide sequences derived from mainly ECM proteins, which are used for coating or grafting on dishes, scaffolds, hydrogels, implants or nanofibers, have been developed to improve the adhesion, proliferation or differentiation of stem cells and to culture differentiated cells. This review article will help to inform the optimal choice of ECM protein-derived peptides for the development of scaffolds, implants, hydrogels, nanofibers and 2D cell culture dishes to regulate the proliferation and direct the differentiation of stem cells into specific lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Cheng Sung
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
| | - Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
| | - Qing-Dong Ling
- Cathay Medical Research Institute, Cathay General Hospital, No. 32, Ln 160, Jian-Cheng Road, Hsi-Chi City, Taipei 221, Taiwan
| | - Suresh Kumar Subbiah
- Centre for Materials Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, 173, Agaram Road, Tambaram East, Chennai-73, 600078, India
| | - Remya Rajan Renuka
- Centre for Materials Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, 173, Agaram Road, Tambaram East, Chennai-73, 600078, India
| | - Shih-Tien Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taiwan Landseed Hospital, 77 Kuangtai Road, Pingjen City, Tao-Yuan County 32405, Taiwan
| | - Akihiro Umezawa
- Department of Reproduction, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Akon Higuchi
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China. .,Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda RD., Jhongli, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan. .,R & D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung-Bei Rd., Jhongli, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
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7
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Barnes AM, Holmstoen TB, Bonham AJ, Rowland TJ. Differentiating Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to Cardiomyocytes Using Purified Extracellular Matrix Proteins. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:bioengineering9120720. [PMID: 36550926 PMCID: PMC9774171 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9120720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be differentiated into cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs and iPSC-CMs, respectively), which hold great promise for cardiac regenerative medicine and disease modeling efforts. However, the most widely employed differentiation protocols require undefined substrates that are derived from xenogeneic (animal) products, contaminating resultant hESC- and iPSC-CM cultures with xenogeneic proteins and limiting their clinical applicability. Additionally, typical hESC- and iPSC-CM protocols produce CMs that are significantly contaminated by non-CMs and that are immature, requiring lengthy maturation procedures. In this review, we will summarize recent studies that have investigated the ability of purified extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins to support hESC- and iPSC-CM differentiation, with a focus on commercially available ECM proteins and coatings to make such protocols widely available to researchers. The most promising of the substrates reviewed here include laminin-521 with laminin-221 together or Synthemax (a synthetic vitronectin-based peptide coating), which both resulted in highly pure CM cultures. Future efforts are needed to determine whether combinations of specific purified ECM proteins or derived peptides could further improve CM maturation and culture times, and significantly improve hESC- and iPSC-CM differentiation protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlynn M. Barnes
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Tessa B. Holmstoen
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Andrew J. Bonham
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Metropolitan State University of Denver, Denver, CO 80217, USA
| | - Teisha J. Rowland
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
- Correspondence:
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8
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Wang S, Tao Y. Construction of graphene oxide-modified peptide-coated nanofibrous enhances the osteogenic conversion of induced pluripotent stem cells. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2022.2100374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Wang
- Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Tao
- Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Chongqing, China
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9
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Harnessing conserved signaling and metabolic pathways to enhance the maturation of functional engineered tissues. NPJ Regen Med 2022; 7:44. [PMID: 36057642 PMCID: PMC9440900 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-022-00246-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of induced-pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cell types offers promise for basic science, drug testing, disease modeling, personalized medicine, and translatable cell therapies across many tissue types. However, in practice many iPSC-derived cells have presented as immature in physiological function, and despite efforts to recapitulate adult maturity, most have yet to meet the necessary benchmarks for the intended tissues. Here, we summarize the available state of knowledge surrounding the physiological mechanisms underlying cell maturation in several key tissues. Common signaling consolidators, as well as potential synergies between critical signaling pathways are explored. Finally, current practices in physiologically relevant tissue engineering and experimental design are critically examined, with the goal of integrating greater decision paradigms and frameworks towards achieving efficient maturation strategies, which in turn may produce higher-valued iPSC-derived tissues.
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10
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Kumar S. Meet the Editorial Board Member. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/138920102308220331115530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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Kumar S. Meet the Editorial Board Member. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/138920102307220329094059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Madruga LYC, Kipper MJ. Expanding the Repertoire of Electrospinning: New and Emerging Biopolymers, Techniques, and Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2101979. [PMID: 34788898 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Electrospinning has emerged as a versatile and accessible technology for fabricating polymer fibers, particularly for biological applications. Natural polymers or biopolymers (including synthetically derivatized natural polymers) represent a promising alternative to synthetic polymers, as materials for electrospinning. Many biopolymers are obtained from abundant renewable sources, are biodegradable, and possess inherent biological functions. This review surveys recent literature reporting new fibers produced from emerging biopolymers, highlighting recent developments in the use of sulfated polymers (including carrageenans and glycosaminoglycans), tannin derivatives (condensed and hydrolyzed tannins, tannic acid), modified collagen, and extracellular matrix extracts. The proposed advantages of these biopolymer-based fibers, focusing on their biomedical applications, are also discussed to highlight the use of new and emerging biopolymers (or new modifications to well-established ones) to enhance or achieve new properties for electrospun fiber materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liszt Y. C. Madruga
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80526 USA
| | - Matt J. Kipper
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80526 USA
- School of Advanced Materials Discovery Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80526 USA
- School of Biomedical Engineering Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80526 USA
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13
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Pitsalidis C, Pappa AM, Boys AJ, Fu Y, Moysidou CM, van Niekerk D, Saez J, Savva A, Iandolo D, Owens RM. Organic Bioelectronics for In Vitro Systems. Chem Rev 2021; 122:4700-4790. [PMID: 34910876 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectronics have made strides in improving clinical diagnostics and precision medicine. The potential of bioelectronics for bidirectional interfacing with biology through continuous, label-free monitoring on one side and precise control of biological activity on the other has extended their application scope to in vitro systems. The advent of microfluidics and the considerable advances in reliability and complexity of in vitro models promise to eventually significantly reduce or replace animal studies, currently the gold standard in drug discovery and toxicology testing. Bioelectronics are anticipated to play a major role in this transition offering a much needed technology to push forward the drug discovery paradigm. Organic electronic materials, notably conjugated polymers, having demonstrated technological maturity in fields such as solar cells and light emitting diodes given their outstanding characteristics and versatility in processing, are the obvious route forward for bioelectronics due to their biomimetic nature, among other merits. This review highlights the advances in conjugated polymers for interfacing with biological tissue in vitro, aiming ultimately to develop next generation in vitro systems. We showcase in vitro interfacing across multiple length scales, involving biological models of varying complexity, from cell components to complex 3D cell cultures. The state of the art, the possibilities, and the challenges of conjugated polymers toward clinical translation of in vitro systems are also discussed throughout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalampos Pitsalidis
- Department of Physics, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi 127788, UAE.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
| | - Anna-Maria Pappa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi 127788, UAE
| | - Alexander J Boys
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.,Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1RD, U.K
| | - Chrysanthi-Maria Moysidou
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
| | - Douglas van Niekerk
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
| | - Janire Saez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K.,Microfluidics Cluster UPV/EHU, BIOMICs Microfluidics Group, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Miguel de Unamuno, 3, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, E-48011 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Achilleas Savva
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
| | - Donata Iandolo
- INSERM, U1059 Sainbiose, Université Jean Monnet, Mines Saint-Étienne, Université de Lyon, 42023 Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Róisín M Owens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge CB3 0AS, U.K
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Sung TC, Lu MW, Tian Z, Lee HHC, Pan J, Ling QD, Higuchi A. Poly(vinyl alcohol- co-itaconic acid) hydrogels grafted with several designed peptides for human pluripotent stem cell culture and differentiation into cardiomyocytes. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:7662-7673. [PMID: 34586153 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01555a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We developed poly(vinyl alcohol-co-itaconic acid) (PV) hydrogels grafted with laminin-derived peptides that had different joint segments and several specific designs, including dual chain motifs. PV hydrogels grafted with a peptide derived from laminin-β4 (PMQKMRGDVFSP) containing a joint segment, dual chain motif and cationic amino acid insertion could attach human pluripotent stem (hPS) cells and promoted high expansion folds in long-term culture (over 10 passages) with low differentiation rates, whereas hPS cells attached poorly on PV hydrogels grafted with laminin-α5 peptides that had joint segments with and without a cationic amino acid or on PV hydrogels grafted with laminin-β4 peptides containing the joint segment only. The inclusion of a cationic amino acid in the laminin-β4 peptide was critical for hPS cell attachment on PV hydrogels, which contributed to the zeta potential shifting to higher values (3-4 mV enhancement). The novel peptide segment-grafted PV hydrogels developed in this study supported hPS cell proliferation, which induced better hPS cell expansion than recombinant vitronectin-coated dishes (gold standard of hPS cell culture dishes) in xeno-free culture conditions. After long-term culture on peptide-grafted hydrogels, hPS cells could be induced to differentiate into specific lineages of cells, such as cardiomyocytes, with high efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Cheng Sung
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
| | - Ming-Wei Lu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda RD., Jhongli, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan.
| | - Zeyu Tian
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
| | - Henry Hsin-Chung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Hsinchu Cathay General Hospital, No. 678, Sec 2, Zhonghua Rd., Hsinchu, 30060, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Translational and Interdisciplinary Medicine, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda RD., Jhongli, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Jiandong Pan
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
| | - Qing-Dong Ling
- Cathay Medical Research Institute, Cathay General Hospital, No. 32, Ln 160, Jian-Cheng Road, Hsi-Chi City, Taipei 221, Taiwan
| | - Akon Higuchi
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China. .,Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda RD., Jhongli, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan. .,R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan.,Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, Riken Cluster for Pioneering Research, Riken, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,Department of Reproduction, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
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15
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Yin S, Cao Y. Hydrogels for Large-Scale Expansion of Stem Cells. Acta Biomater 2021; 128:1-20. [PMID: 33746032 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells demonstrate considerable promise for various preclinical and clinical applications, including drug screening, disease treatments, and regenerative medicine. Producing high-quality and large amounts of stem cells is in demand for these applications. Despite challenges, as hydrogel-based cell culture technology has developed, tremendous progress has been made in stem cell expansion and directed differentiation. Hydrogels are soft materials with abundant water. Many hydrogel properties, including biodegradability, mechanical strength, and porosity, have been shown to play essential roles in regulating stem cell proliferation and differentiation. The biochemical and physical properties of hydrogels can be specifically tailored to mimic the native microenvironment that various stem cells reside in vivo. A few hydrogel-based systems have been developed for successful stem cell cultures and expansion in vitro. In this review, we summarize various types of hydrogels that have been designed to effectively enhance the proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), and pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), respectively. According to each stem cell type's preference, we also discuss strategies for fabricating hydrogels with biochemical and mechanical cues and other characteristics representing microenvironments of stem cells in vivo. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this review article we summarize current progress on the construction of hydrogel systems for the culture and expansion of various stem cells, including hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), and pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). The Significance includes: (1) Provide detailed discussion on the stem cell niches that should be considered for stem cell in vitro expansion. (2) Summarize various strategies to construct hydrogels that can largely recapture the microenvironment of native stem cells. (3) Suggest a few future directions that can be implemented to improve current in vitro stem cell expansion systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Yin
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China; Chemistry and Biomedicine innovation center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China; Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University, Shenzhen, China, 518057
| | - Yi Cao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China; Chemistry and Biomedicine innovation center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China; Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University, Shenzhen, China, 518057.
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16
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Zhang B, Wu X, Zi G, He L, Wang S, Chen L, Fan Z, Nan X, Xi J, Yue W, Wang L, Wang L, Hao J, Pei X, Li Y. Large-scale generation of megakaryocytes from human embryonic stem cells using transgene-free and stepwise defined suspension culture conditions. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e13002. [PMID: 33615584 PMCID: PMC8016648 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ex vivo engineered production of megakaryocytes (MKs) and platelets (PLTs) from human pluripotent stem cells is an alternative approach to solve shortage of donor-donated PLTs in clinics and to provide induced PLTs for transfusion. However, low production yields are observed and the generation of clinically applicable MKs and PLTs from human pluripotent stem cells without genetic modifications still needs to be improved. MATERIALS AND METHODS We defined an optimal, stepwise and completely xeno-free culture protocol for the generation of MKs from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). To generate MKs from hESCs on a large scale, we improved the monolayer induction manner to define three-dimensional (3D) and sphere-like differentiation systems for MKs by using a special polystyrene CellSTACK culture chamber. RESULTS The 3D manufacturing system could efficiently generate large numbers of MKs from hESCs within 16-18 days of continuous culturing. Each CellSTACK culture chamber could collect on an average 3.4 × 108 CD41+ MKs after a three-stage orderly induction process. MKs obtained from hESCs via 3D induction showed significant secretion of IL-8, thrombospondin-1 and MMP9. The induced cells derived from hESCs in our culture system were shown to have the characteristics of MKs as well as the function to form proPLTs and release PLTs. Furthermore, we generated clinically applicable MKs from clinical-grade hESC lines and confirmed the biosafety of these cells. CONCLUSIONS We developed a simple, stepwise, 3D and completely xeno-free/feeder-free/transgene-free induction system for the generation of MKs from hESCs. hESC-derived MKs were shown to have typical MK characteristics and PLT formation ability. This study further enhances the clinical applications of MKs or PLTs derived from pluripotent stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zhang
- Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry LabBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
- South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative MedicineSCIBGuangzhouChina
| | - Xumin Wu
- South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative MedicineSCIBGuangzhouChina
| | - Guicheng Zi
- South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative MedicineSCIBGuangzhouChina
| | - Lijuan He
- South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative MedicineSCIBGuangzhouChina
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine LabInstitute of Health Service and Transfusion MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Sihan Wang
- South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative MedicineSCIBGuangzhouChina
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine LabInstitute of Health Service and Transfusion MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Lin Chen
- South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative MedicineSCIBGuangzhouChina
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine LabInstitute of Health Service and Transfusion MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Zeng Fan
- South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative MedicineSCIBGuangzhouChina
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine LabInstitute of Health Service and Transfusion MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Xue Nan
- South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative MedicineSCIBGuangzhouChina
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine LabInstitute of Health Service and Transfusion MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Jiafei Xi
- South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative MedicineSCIBGuangzhouChina
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine LabInstitute of Health Service and Transfusion MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Wen Yue
- South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative MedicineSCIBGuangzhouChina
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine LabInstitute of Health Service and Transfusion MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Institute for Stem Cell and RegenerationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- National Stem Cell Resource CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Liu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Institute for Stem Cell and RegenerationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- National Stem Cell Resource CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijingChina
| | - Jie Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Institute for Stem Cell and RegenerationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- National Stem Cell Resource CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xuetao Pei
- South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative MedicineSCIBGuangzhouChina
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine LabInstitute of Health Service and Transfusion MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Yanhua Li
- Experimental Hematology and Biochemistry LabBeijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijingChina
- South China Research Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative MedicineSCIBGuangzhouChina
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17
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Insulin/Glucose-Responsive Cells Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: Disease Modeling and Treatment of Diabetes. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112465. [PMID: 33198288 PMCID: PMC7696367 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells and insulin resistance in peripheral organs, accounts for more than 90% of all diabetes. Despite current developments of new drugs and strategies to prevent/treat diabetes, there is no ideal therapy targeting all aspects of the disease. Restoration, however, of insulin-producing β-cells, as well as insulin-responsive cells, would be a logical strategy for the treatment of diabetes. In recent years, generation of transplantable cells derived from stem cells in vitro has emerged as an important research area. Pluripotent stem cells, either embryonic or induced, are alternative and feasible sources of insulin-secreting and glucose-responsive cells. This notwithstanding, consistent generation of robust glucose/insulin-responsive cells remains challenging. In this review, we describe basic concepts of the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells and subsequent differentiation of these into pancreatic β-like cells, myotubes, as well as adipocyte- and hepatocyte-like cells. Use of these for modeling of human disease is now feasible, while development of replacement therapies requires continued efforts.
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18
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Ye Q, Sung TC, Yang JM, Ling QD, He Y, Higuchi A. Generation of universal and hypoimmunogenic human pluripotent stem cells. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12946. [PMID: 33174655 PMCID: PMC7705897 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a need to store very large numbers of conventional human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) lines for their off‐the‐shelf usage in stem cell therapy. Therefore, it is valuable to generate “universal” or “hypoimmunogenic” hPSCs with gene‐editing technology by knocking out or in immune‐related genes. A few universal or hypoimmunogenic hPSC lines should be enough to store for their off‐the‐shelf usage. Here, we overview and discuss how to prepare universal or hypoimmunogenic hPSCs and their disadvantages. β2‐Microglobulin‐knockout hPSCs did not harbour human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐expressing class I cells but rather activated natural killer (NK) cells. To avoid NK cell and macrophage activities, homozygous hPSCs expressing a single allele of an HLA class I molecule, such as HLA‐C, were developed. Major HLA class I molecules were knocked out, and PD‐L1, HLA‐G and CD47 were knocked in hPSCs using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing. These cells escaped activation of not only T cells but also NK cells and macrophages, generating universal hPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Ye
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Skeletal Biology Research Center, Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tzu-Cheng Sung
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Ming Yang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Qing-Dong Ling
- Cathay Medical Research Institute, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yan He
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Akon Higuchi
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Chemical Engineering and R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Center for Emergent Matter Science, Riken, Saitama, Japan
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19
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Yu F, Cheng S, Lei J, Hang Y, Liu Q, Wang H, Yuan L. Heparin mimics and fibroblast growth factor-2 fabricated nanogold composite in promoting neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2020; 31:1623-1647. [PMID: 32460635 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2020.1767375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The replacement therapy or transplantation using neural cells, which differentiated from stem cells, has emerged as a promising strategy for repairing damaged neural tissues and helping functional recovery in the treatment of neural system diseases. The challenge, however, is how to control embryonic stem cell fate so that neural differentiation can be efficiently directed to enrich a neuron cell population, and meanwhile to maintain their bioactivities. This is a key question and has a very significant impact in regenerative medicine. Here we proposed a new neural-differentiation inductive nanocomposite, containing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), poly(2-methacrylamido glucopyranose-co-3-sulfopropyl acrylate) (PMS), and basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2), for the high efficient directional neural-specific differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). In this AuNP-PMS/FGF2 composite, PMS, playing as the high-active mimic of heparin/heparan sulfate (HS), is covalently anchored to AuNPs and bound with FGF2 on the surface of nanoparticles, forming a HS/FGF2 complex nanomimics to facilitate its binding to FGF receptor (FGFR) and promote high neural-inductive activity of mESCs. The stability, bioactivity and biocompatibility of the composite are investigated in this study. The results showed that the AuNP-PMS/FGF2 composite could maintain a long-term stability at room temperature for at least 8 days, and greatly promote the neural differentiation of mESCs. Compared with the other materials, the AuNP-PMS/FGF2 composite could significantly stimulate the expression of the specific neural differentiation markers (nestin and β3-tubulin), while obviously down-regulate the mRNA production of pluripotency marker Oct-4 in mESCs. Moreover, the promotion effect of the composite on neuronal maturation marker β3-tubulin expression achieved maximally at the low concentration of FGF2 (4 ng/mL), which suggested the high efficiency of AuNP-PMS/FGF2 composite in neural differentiation of mESCs. Meanwhile, both mESCs and L929 cells showed desirable growth during the incubation with AuNP-PMS/FGF2 composite. The AuNP-PMS/FGF2 system presents a new way to achieve HS/FGF2 complex nanomimics efficiently for the neural differentiation of mESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoyu Cheng
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiehua Lei
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjie Hang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Yuan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
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20
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So S, Lee Y, Choi J, Kang S, Lee JY, Hwang J, Shin J, Dutton JR, Seo EJ, Lee BH, Kim CJ, Mitalipov S, Oh SJ, Kang E. The Rho-associated kinase inhibitor fasudil can replace Y-27632 for use in human pluripotent stem cell research. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233057. [PMID: 32396545 PMCID: PMC7217428 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Poor survival of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) following freezing, thawing, or passaging hinders the maintenance and differentiation of stem cells. Rho-associated kinases (ROCKs) play a crucial role in hPSC survival. To date, a typical ROCK inhibitor, Y-27632, has been the primary agent used in hPSC research. Here, we report that another ROCK inhibitor, fasudil, can be used as an alternative and is cheaper than Y-27632. It increased hPSC growth following thawing and passaging, like Y-27632, and did not affect pluripotency, differentiation ability, and chromosome integrity. Furthermore, fasudil promoted retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) differentiation and the survival of neural crest cells (NCCs) during differentiation. It was also useful for single-cell passaging of hPSCs and during aggregation. These findings suggest that fasudil can replace Y-27632 for use in stem research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongjun So
- Stem Cell Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonmi Lee
- Stem Cell Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwan Choi
- Stem Cell Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoon Kang
- Stem Cell Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yoon Lee
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Julie Hwang
- Stem Cell Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joosung Shin
- Stem Cell Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - James R. Dutton
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Eul-Ju Seo
- Medical Genetics Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Hee Lee
- Medical Genetics Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong Jai Kim
- Department of Pathology, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shoukhrat Mitalipov
- Center for Embryonic Cell and Gene Therapy, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Soo Jin Oh
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunju Kang
- Stem Cell Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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21
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Sung TC, Su HC, Ling QD, Kumar SS, Chang Y, Hsu ST, Higuchi A. Efficient differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into cardiomyocytes on cell sorting thermoresponsive surface. Biomaterials 2020; 253:120060. [PMID: 32450407 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The current differentiation process of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into cardiomyocytes to enhance the purity of hPSC-derived cardiomyocytes requires some purification processes, which are laborious processes. We developed cell sorting plates, which are prepared from coating thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and extracellular matrix proteins. After hPSCs were induced into cardiomyocytes on the thermoresponsive surface coated with laminin-521 for 15 days, the temperature of the cell culture plates was decreased to 8-9 °C to detach the cells partially from the thermoresponsive surface. The detached cells exhibited a higher cardiomyocyte marker of cTnT than the remaining cells on the thermoresponsive surface as well as the cardiomyocytes after purification using conventional cell selection. The detached cells expressed several cardiomyocyte markers, such as α-actinin, MLC2a and NKX2.5. This study suggested that the purification of hPSC-derived cardiomyocytes using cell sorting plates with the thermoresponsive surface is a promising method for the purification of hPSC-derived cardiomyocytes without conventional laborious processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Cheng Sung
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda RD., Jhongli, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Huan Chiao Su
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda RD., Jhongli, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Qing-Dong Ling
- Cathay Medical Research Institute, Cathay General Hospital, No. 32, Ln 160, Jian-Cheng Road, Hsi-Chi City, Taipei 221, Taiwan
| | - S Suresh Kumar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yung Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200, Chung-Bei Rd., Chungli, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Tien Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taiwan Landseed Hospital, 77, Kuangtai Road, Pingjen City, Taoyuan, 32405, Taiwan
| | - Akon Higuchi
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda RD., Jhongli, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200, Chung-Bei Rd., Chungli, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Science, No. 16, Xinsan Road, Hi-tech Industry Park, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Center for Emergent Matter Science, Riken, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
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22
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Advances in cartilage repair: The influence of inorganic clays to improve mechanical and healing properties of antibacterial Gellan gum-Manuka honey hydrogels. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 108:110444. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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23
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Srivastava P, Kilian KA. Micro-Engineered Models of Development Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:357. [PMID: 31850326 PMCID: PMC6895561 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
During fetal development, embryonic cells are coaxed through a series of lineage choices which lead to the formation of the three germ layers and subsequently to all the cell types that are required to form an adult human body. Landmark cell fate decisions leading to symmetry breaking, establishment of the primitive streak and first tri-lineage differentiation happen after implantation, and therefore have been attributed to be a function of the embryo's spatiotemporal 3D environment. These mechanical and geometric cues induce a cascade of signaling pathways leading to cell differentiation and orientation. Due to the physiological, ethical, and legal limitations of accessing an intact human embryo for functional studies, multiple in-vitro models have been developed to try and recapitulate the key milestones of mammalian embryogenesis using mouse embryos, or mouse and human embryonic stem cells. More recently, the development of induced pluripotent stem cells represents a cell source which is being explored to prepare a developmental model, owing to their genetic and functional similarities to embryonic stem cells. Here we review the use of micro-engineered cell culture materials as platforms to define the physical and geometric contributions during the cell fate defining process and to study the underlying pathways. This information has applications in various biomedical contexts including tissue engineering, stem cell therapy, and organoid cultures for disease modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Srivastava
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, School of Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kristopher A. Kilian
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, School of Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Sung TC, Liu CH, Huang WL, Lee YC, Kumar SS, Chang Y, Ling QD, Hsu ST, Higuchi A. Efficient differentiation of human ES and iPS cells into cardiomyocytes on biomaterials under xeno-free conditions. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:5467-5481. [PMID: 31656967 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00817a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Current xeno-free and chemically defined methods for the differentiation of hPSCs (human pluripotent stem cells) into cardiomyocytes are not efficient and are sometimes not reproducible. Therefore, it is necessary to develop reliable and efficient methods for the differentiation of hPSCs into cardiomyocytes for future use in cardiovascular research related to drug discovery, cardiotoxicity screening, and disease modeling. We evaluated two representative differentiation methods that were reported previously, and we further developed original, more efficient methods for the differentiation of hPSCs into cardiomyocytes under xeno-free, chemically defined conditions. The developed protocol successively differentiated hPSCs into cardiomyocytes, approximately 90-97% of which expressed the cardiac marker cTnT, with beating speeds and sarcomere lengths that were similar to those of a healthy adult human heart. The optimal cell culture biomaterials for the cardiac differentiation of hPSCs were also evaluated using extracellular matrix-mimetic material-coated dishes. Synthemax II-coated and Laminin-521-coated dishes were found to be the most effective and efficient biomaterials for the cardiac differentiation of hPSCs according to the observation of hPSC-derived cardiomyocytes with high survival ratios, high beating colony numbers, a similar beating frequency to that of a healthy adult human heart, high purity levels (high cTnT expression) and longer sarcomere lengths similar to those of a healthy adult human heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Cheng Sung
- The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
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25
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Gao Y, Ku NJ, Sung TC, Higuchi A, Hung CS, Lee HHC, Ling QD, Cheng NC, Umezawa A, Barro L, Burnouf T, Ye Q, Chen H. The effect of human platelet lysate on the differentiation ability of human adipose-derived stem cells cultured on ECM-coated surfaces. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:7110-7119. [PMID: 31513217 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01764j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), such as human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs), present heterogeneous characteristics, including varying differentiation abilities and genotypes. hADSCs isolated under different conditions exhibit differences in stemness. We isolated hADSCs from human fat tissues via culture on different cell culture biomaterials including tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) dishes and extracellular matrix protein (ECM)-coated dishes in medium supplemented with 5% or 10% serum-converted human platelet lysate (hPL) or 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) as a control. Currently, it is not clear whether xeno-free hPL in the cell culture medium promotes the ability of hMSCs such as hADSCs to differentiate into several cell lineages compared to the xenomaterial FBS. We investigated whether a synchronized effect of ECM (Matrigel, fibronectin, and recombinant vitronectin) coatings on TCPS dishes for efficient hADSC differentiation could be observed when hADSCs were cultured in hPL medium. We found that Matrigel-coated dishes promoted hADSC differentiation into osteoblasts and suppressed differentiation into chondrocytes in 10% hPL medium. Recombinant vitronectin- and fibronectin-coated dishes greatly promoted hADSC differentiation into osteoblasts and chondrocytes in 5% and 10% hPL media. hPL promoted hADSC differentiation into osteoblasts and chondrocytes compared to FBS on the fibronectin-coated surface and recombinant vitronectin-coated surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
| | - Nien-Ju Ku
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda Rd, Jhongli, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Cheng Sung
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda Rd, Jhongli, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Akon Higuchi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China. and Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda Rd, Jhongli, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan and Center for Emergent Matter Science, Riken, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan and Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Science, No. 16, Xinsan Road, Hi-Tech Industry Park, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chi-Sheng Hung
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda Rd, Jhongli, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Henry Hsin-Chung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Hsinchu Cathay General Hospital, No. 678, Sec 2, Zhonghua Rd, Hsinchu, 30060, Taiwan and Graduate Institute of Translational and Interdisciplinary Medicine, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda Rd, Jhongli, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Qing-Dong Ling
- Cathay Medical Research Institute, Cathay General Hospital, No. 32, Ln 160, Jian-Cheng Road, Hsi-Chi City, Taipei 221, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Chen Cheng
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, 7 Chung-Shan S. Rd, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Akihiro Umezawa
- Department of Reproduction, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Lassina Barro
- International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Thierry Burnouf
- International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Qingsong Ye
- Regenerative Dentistry Group, School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, 288 Herston Road, Herston Qld, Brisbane 4006, Australia
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
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26
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Yang Y, Wang X, Hu X, Kawazoe N, Yang Y, Chen G. Influence of Cell Morphology on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transfection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:1932-1941. [PMID: 30571082 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b20490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Gene transfection has broad applications in bioengineering and biomedical fields. Although many gene carrier materials and transfection methods have been developed, it remains unclear how cell morphology including cell spreading and elongation affects gene transfection. In this study, human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were cultured on micropatterns and transfected with cationic pAcGFP1-N1 plasmid complexes. The relationship between the cell morphology of hMSCs and gene transfection was investigated using micropatterning techniques. Spreading and elongation of hMSCs were precisely controlled by micropatterned surfaces. The results showed that well-spread and elongated hMSCs had high transfection efficiency. Analysis of the uptake of exogenous genes and DNA synthesis activity indicated that the well-spread and elongated cell morphology promoted gene transfection through enhanced uptake of the cationic complexes and accelerated DNA synthesis. The results should provide useful information for understanding of cell morphology on gene transfection and development of efficient gene transfection methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Yang
- Research Center for Functional Materials , National Institute for Materials Science , 1-1 Namiki , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0044 , Japan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences , University of Tsukuba , 1-1-1 Tennodai , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8577 , Japan
| | - Xinlong Wang
- Research Center for Functional Materials , National Institute for Materials Science , 1-1 Namiki , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0044 , Japan
| | - Xiaohong Hu
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science , University of Tsukuba , 1-1-1 Tennodai , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8571 , Japan
| | - Naoki Kawazoe
- Research Center for Functional Materials , National Institute for Materials Science , 1-1 Namiki , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0044 , Japan
| | - Yingnan Yang
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science , University of Tsukuba , 1-1-1 Tennodai , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8571 , Japan
| | - Guoping Chen
- Research Center for Functional Materials , National Institute for Materials Science , 1-1 Namiki , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0044 , Japan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences , University of Tsukuba , 1-1-1 Tennodai , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8577 , Japan
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27
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Wang X, Wang L, Wu Q, Bao F, Yang H, Qiu X, Chang J. Chitosan/Calcium Silicate Cardiac Patch Stimulates Cardiomyocyte Activity and Myocardial Performance after Infarction by Synergistic Effect of Bioactive Ions and Aligned Nanostructure. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:1449-1468. [PMID: 30543278 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b17754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac tissue engineering (CTE) remains a great challenge to construct a cell-inductive scaffold that has positive effects on cardiac cell behaviors and cardiac tissue repair. In this study, we for the first time demonstrated that Si ions evidently stimulated the expression of cardiac-specific genes and proliferation of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) at concentration ranges of 0.13-10.78 ppm. Accordingly, the optimized concentrations of calcium silicate (CS) were incorporated into the controllable aligned chitosan electrospun nanofibers, constructing the composite cardiac patch scaffolds. These scaffolds showed synergistic effect of bioactive chemical and structural signals on both cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells with aligned cell morphology and enhanced viability and function characterized by upregulated expressions of cardiac and angiogenic specific markers, improved myofilament structure, and better Ca2+ transients of NRCMs as compared to the scaffolds free of CS component or with disordered structures. The in vivo studies further demonstrated that the NRCM-seeded aligned CS/chitosan cardiac patch evidently improved cardiac function via limiting the scar area and promoting angiogenesis in postmyocardial infarction rats. Conclusively, our study highlights the potential application of bioactive ions and nanostructured biomaterials in CTE, and the CS/chitosan composite cardiac patch may be a promising scaffold for repair of infarcted myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics , Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Shanghai 200050 , P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Leyu Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, School of Biomedical Engineering , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515 , Guangdong , P. R. China
| | - Qiang Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment & Tumor, Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health , Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, CAS , Shanghai 200031 , P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration , Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Beijing 100101 , P. R. China
| | - Feng Bao
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics , Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Shanghai 200050 , P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Huangtian Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment & Tumor, Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health , Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, CAS , Shanghai 200031 , P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration , Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Beijing 100101 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaozhong Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, School of Biomedical Engineering , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515 , Guangdong , P. R. China
| | - Jiang Chang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics , Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Shanghai 200050 , P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration , Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Beijing 100101 , P. R. China
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28
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Cardiac differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells on elastin-like protein-based hydrogels presenting a single-cell adhesion sequence. Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-018-0110-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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29
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Yang Y, Wang X, Huang TC, Hu X, Kawazoe N, Tsai WB, Yang Y, Chen G. Regulation of mesenchymal stem cell functions by micro-nano hybrid patterned surfaces. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:5424-5434. [PMID: 32254601 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb01621f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Micro- and nano-structured substrates have been widely used in the biomedical engineering field. Their precise control of cell morphology makes them promising for investigating various cell behaviors. However, regulation of cell functions using micro-nano hybrid patterns is rarely achieved. Since the cell microenvironment in vivo has complex micro- and nano-structures, it is desirable to use micro-nano hybrid patterns to mimic the microenvironment to control cell morphology and disclose its influence on stem cell differentiation. In this study, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) micro-stripes with different spacings (50 μm, 100 μm and 200 μm) were constructed on polystyrene (PS) nano-grooves to prepare micro-nano hybrid patterns where the direction of the PVA micro-stripes and PS nano-grooves was parallel or orthogonal. Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) cultured on the micro-nano hybrid patterns showed a different cell alignment and elongation dependent on the PVA micro-stripe spacing and orientation of the PS nano-grooves. Comparison of the influence of cell alignment and aspect ratio on differentiation of hMSCs indicated that myogenic differentiation was predominantly regulated by cell alignment and osteogenic differentiation by cell elongation, while adipogenic differentiation was regulated neither by cell alignment nor by cell elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Yang
- Tissue Regeneration Materials Group, Research Center of Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
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30
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Hoshiba T, Yoshikawa C, Sakakibara K. Characterization of Initial Cell Adhesion on Charged Polymer Substrates in Serum-Containing and Serum-Free Media. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:4043-4051. [PMID: 29544251 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Charged substrates are expected to promote cell adhesion via electrostatic interaction, but it remains unclear how cells adhere to these substrates. Here, initial cell adhesion (<30 min) was re-examined on charged substrates in serum-containing and serum-free media to distinguish among various cell adhesion mechanisms (i.e., electrostatic interaction, hydrophobic interaction, and biological interaction). Cationic and anionic methacrylate copolymers were coated on nonionic nontissue culture-treated polystyrene to create charged substrates. Cells adhered similarly on cationic, anionic, and nonionic substrates in serum-free medium via integrin-independent mechanisms, but their adhesion forces differed (anionic > cationic > nonionic substrates), indicating that cell adhesion is not mediated solely by the cells' negative charge. In serum-containing medium, the cells adhered minimally on anionic and nonionic substrates, but they adhered abundantly on cationic substrates via both integrin-dependent and -independent mechanisms. These results suggest that neither electrostatic force nor protein adsorption is accountable for cell adhesion. Conclusively, the observed phenomena revealed a gap in the generally accepted understanding of cell adhesion mechanisms on charged polymeric substrates. A reanalysis of their mechanisms is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Hoshiba
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitechtonics , National Institute for Materials Science , 1-2-1 Sengen , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0047 , Japan
| | - Chiaki Yoshikawa
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitechtonics , National Institute for Materials Science , 1-2-1 Sengen , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-0047 , Japan
| | - Keita Sakakibara
- Institute for Chemical Research , Kyoto University , Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011 , Japan
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31
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Bermúdez-Reyes B, del Refugio Lara-Banda M, Reyes-Zarate E, Rojas-Martínez A, Camacho A, Moncada-Saucedo N, Pérez-Silos V, García-Ruiz A, Guzmán-López A, Peña-Martínez V, Lara-Arias J, Torres-Méndez S, Fuentes-Mera L. Effect on growth and osteoblast mineralization of hydroxyapatite-zirconia (HA-ZrO
2
) obtained by a new low temperature system. Biomed Mater 2018; 13:035001. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aaa3a4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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32
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Awwad S, Mohamed Ahmed AHA, Sharma G, Heng JS, Khaw PT, Brocchini S, Lockwood A. Principles of pharmacology in the eye. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:4205-4223. [PMID: 28865239 PMCID: PMC5715579 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The eye is a highly specialized organ that is subject to a huge range of pathology. Both local and systemic disease may affect different anatomical regions of the eye. The least invasive routes for ocular drug administration are topical (e.g. eye drops) and systemic (e.g. tablets) formulations. Barriers that subserve as protection against pathogen entry also restrict drug permeation. Topically administered drugs often display limited bioavailability due to many physical and biochemical barriers including the pre-corneal tear film, the structure and biophysiological properties of the cornea, the limited volume that can be accommodated by the cul-de-sac, the lacrimal drainage system and reflex tearing. The tissue layers of the cornea and conjunctiva are further key factors that act to restrict drug delivery. Using carriers that enhance viscosity or bind to the ocular surface increases bioavailability. Matching the pH and polarity of drug molecules to the tissue layers allows greater penetration. Drug delivery to the posterior segment is a greater challenge and, currently, the standard route is via intravitreal injection, notwithstanding the risks of endophthalmitis and retinal detachment with frequent injections. Intraocular implants that allow sustained drug release are at different stages of development. Novel exciting therapeutic approaches include methods for promoting transscleral delivery, sustained release devices, nanotechnology and gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Awwad
- UCL School of PharmacyLondonUK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of OphthalmologyLondonUK
| | - Abeer H A Mohamed Ahmed
- UCL School of PharmacyLondonUK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of OphthalmologyLondonUK
| | - Garima Sharma
- UCL School of PharmacyLondonUK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of OphthalmologyLondonUK
| | - Jacob S Heng
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of OphthalmologyLondonUK
| | - Peng T Khaw
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of OphthalmologyLondonUK
| | - Steve Brocchini
- UCL School of PharmacyLondonUK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of OphthalmologyLondonUK
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33
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Xiang Z, Wang K, Zhang W, Teh SW, Peli A, Mok PL, Higuchi A, Suresh Kumar S. Gold Nanoparticles Inducing Osteogenic Differentiation of Stem Cells: A Review. J CLUST SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-017-1311-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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34
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Plasma assisted surface treatments of biomaterials. Biophys Chem 2017; 229:151-164. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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35
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Higuchi A, Ku NJ, Tseng YC, Pan CH, Li HF, Kumar SS, Ling QD, Chang Y, Alarfaj AA, Munusamy MA, Benelli G, Murugan K. Stem cell therapies for myocardial infarction in clinical trials: bioengineering and biomaterial aspects. J Transl Med 2017; 97:1167-1179. [PMID: 28869589 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2017.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death and disability in advanced countries. Stem cell transplantation has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for acute and chronic ischemic cardiomyopathy. The current status of stem cell therapies for patients with myocardial infarction is discussed from a bioengineering and biomaterial perspective in this review. We describe (a) the current status of clinical trials of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) compared with clinical trials of human adult or fetal stem cells, (b) the gap between fundamental research and application of human stem cells, (c) the use of biomaterials in clinical and pre-clinical studies of stem cells, and finally (d) trends in bioengineering to promote stem cell therapies for patients with myocardial infarction. We explain why the number of clinical trials using hPSCs is so limited compared with clinical trials using human adult and fetal stem cells such as bone marrow-derived stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akon Higuchi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan.,Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Chemical Engineering, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Nien-Ju Ku
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yeh-Chia Tseng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Pan
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Fen Li
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - S Suresh Kumar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Qing-Dong Ling
- Cathay Medical Research Institute, Cathay General Hospital, Hsi-Chi City, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, National Central University, Jhongli, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yung Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Abdullah A Alarfaj
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Murugan A Munusamy
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Giovanni Benelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, Pisa, Italy.,The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pontedera, Pisa, Italy
| | - Kadarkarai Murugan
- Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.,Department of Zoology, Thiruvalluvar University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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36
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Higuchi A, Kumar SS, Benelli G, Alarfaj AA, Munusamy MA, Umezawa A, Murugan K. Stem Cell Therapies for Reversing Vision Loss. Trends Biotechnol 2017; 35:1102-1117. [PMID: 28751147 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2017.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Current clinical trials that evaluate human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-based therapies predominantly target treating macular degeneration of the eyes because the eye is an isolated tissue that is naturally weakly immunogenic. Here, we discuss current bioengineering approaches and biomaterial usage in combination with stem cell therapy for macular degeneration disease treatment. Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) differentiated from hPSCs is typically used in most clinical trials for treating patients, whereas bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMNCs) or mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are intravitreally transplanted, undifferentiated, into patient eyes. We also discuss reported negative effects of stem cell therapy, such as patients becoming blind following transplantation of adipose-derived stem cells, which are increasingly used by 'stem-cell clinics'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akon Higuchi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda Road, Jhongli, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan; Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Reproduction, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan; Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
| | - S Suresh Kumar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Giovanni Benelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy; The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Pisa, Italy
| | - Abdullah A Alarfaj
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Murugan A Munusamy
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Akihiko Umezawa
- Department of Reproduction, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Kadarkarai Murugan
- Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India; Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore 632115, Tamil Nadu, India
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37
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Long J, Kim H, Kim D, Lee JB, Kim DH. A biomaterial approach to cell reprogramming and differentiation. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:2375-2379. [PMID: 28966790 PMCID: PMC5616208 DOI: 10.1039/c6tb03130g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cell reprogramming of somatic cells into pluripotent states and subsequent differentiation into certain phenotypes has helped progress regenerative medicine research and other medical applications. Recent research has used viral vectors to induce this reprogramming; however, limitations include low efficiency and safety concerns. In this review, we discuss how biomaterial methods offer potential avenues for either increasing viability and downstream applicability of viral methods, or providing a safer alternative. The use of non-viral delivery systems, such as electroporation, micro/nanoparticles, nucleic acids and the modulation of culture substrate topography and stiffness have generated valuable insights regarding cell reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Long
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle WA, 98195, USA
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine; University of Washington; Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Hyejin Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, South Korea
| | - Dajeong Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, South Korea
| | - Jong Bum Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, South Korea
| | - Deok-Ho Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle WA, 98195, USA
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine; University of Washington; Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
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38
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Deng Y, Yang Y, Wei S. Peptide-Decorated Nanofibrous Niche Augments In Vitro Directed Osteogenic Conversion of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:587-598. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b01748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Deng
- School
of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yuanyi Yang
- Department
of Materials Engineering, Sichuan College of Architectural Technology, Deyang 618000, China
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39
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Yi DK, Nanda SS, Kim K, Tamil Selvan S. Recent progress in nanotechnology for stem cell differentiation, labeling, tracking and therapy. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:9429-9451. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb02532g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology advancements for stem cell differentiation, labeling, tracking and therapeutic applications in cardiac repair, bone, and liver regeneration are delineated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Kee Yi
- Department of Chemistry
- Myongji University
- Yongin 449-728
- South Korea
| | | | - Kwangmeyung Kim
- Center for Theragnosis
- Biomedical Research Institute
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
- Seoul
- South Korea
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40
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Hoshiba T, Nemoto E, Sato K, Maruyama H, Endo C, Tanaka M. Promotion of Adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 Cells on Protein Adsorption-Suppressing Poly(2-methoxyethyl acrylate) Analogs. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:3808-3815. [PMID: 27809482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b01340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell differentiation is an important issue in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. It has been reported that cell shape is one of the factors that determine the lineage commitment of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Therefore, the substrates have been developed to control their shapes. Recently, we found that poly(2-methoxyethyl acrylate) (PMEA) analogs can control tumor cell shape through the alteration of protein adsorption. Here, the adipogenesis of an adipocyte-progenitor cell, 3T3-L1 cells, was attempted; adipogenesis was to be regulated by surfaces coated with PMEA analogs through the control of their shape. The adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells was promoted on the surfaces coated with PMEA and its analogs, PMe3A and PMe2A. Evident focal adhesions were hardly observed on these surfaces, suggesting that integrin signal activation was suppressed. Additionally, actin assembly and cell spreading were suppressed on these surfaces. Therefore, the surfaces coated with PMEA analogs are expected to be suitable surfaces to regulate adipogenesis through the suppression of cell spreading. Additionally, we found that protein adsorption correlated with actin assembly and adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Hoshiba
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science , 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Masaru Tanaka
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University , 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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