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Peng L, Fang Z, Lin X, Li G, Chen K, Qiu X. The Critical Role of Ca 2+ in Improving the Transparency and Strength of High-Filler-Content Nanocellulose/Montmorillonite Nanocomposite Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:38387-38394. [PMID: 38981092 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Strong and transparent nanocellulose/montmorillonite (MMT) nanocomposite films with high filler content (≥50 wt %) are emerging as versatile materials for advanced applications due to their excellent optical, barrier, mechanical, and thermal properties, and environmental friendliness. Nonetheless, these films undergo a notable decline in optical and mechanical properties at high MMT loadings. This study first demonstrates that calcium-ion-induced tactoids are the key factor causing disordered structures in nanocomposite films, leading to the degradation of optical and mechanical properties. We then address this issue by employing a Ca2+ removal strategy─dialysis. Through removing 43% of free Ca2+, simultaneous improvements in both properties are observed. For example, in a nanocomposite film with 70 wt % MMT, light transmittance increases from 75.9 to 91.6%, and the tensile strength rises from 100.4 to 139.4 MPa. This work offers insights into developing strong and transparent nanocomposite films with high MMT contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Guanhui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Kaihuang Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xueqing Qiu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangdong University of Technology, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
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2
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Rahmanifard M, Khademi SMH, Asheghi-Oskooee R, Farizeh T, Hemmati F. Reactive processing-microstructure-mechanical performance correlations in biodegradable poly(lactic acid)/expanded graphite nanocomposites. RSC Adv 2024; 14:794-807. [PMID: 38174233 PMCID: PMC10759167 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06622c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive extrusion is a promising method to prepare biodegradable nanocomposites with enhanced modulus, strength and toughness. In this study, biodegradable extended nanocomposites based on poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/expanded graphite (EG) were prepared by melt-compounding using a co-rotating twin-screw extruder. Effects of EG loading, aspect ratio, delamination and dispersion state on the mechanical and thermo-mechanical properties of PLA/EG nanocomposites were investigated. Adding the largest EG (EGL) nanoplatelets, having the average particle size of 48.2 μm and aspect ratio of 19.5, to the PLA matrix enhanced the Young modulus, tensile strength, ultimate strain and tensile toughness of the extended PLA sample with benzoyl peroxide (BP) between 40-100%. The observed enhancements originated from restricted PLA molecular motions, assisted PLA crystallization and intensified BP activity in extending the PLA chains. In contrast, EG nanofiller (EGS), with the lowest aspect ratio and size, lowered the PLA relaxation time and accelerated the PLA crystallization. This type of EG showed the weakest reinforcing effect on PLA. For the EG type (EGM) with an intermediate size and aspect ratio, it was observed that the presence of the nanoparticles had a negligible effect on the PLA molecular dynamic and reduced the PLA crystallization rate. The highest impact strength was observed for the PLA/EGM nanocomposite at 1 phr loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Rahmanifard
- Caspian Faculty of Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran P.O. Box 43841-119 Guilan Iran
| | | | - Reza Asheghi-Oskooee
- Caspian Faculty of Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran P.O. Box 43841-119 Guilan Iran
| | - Tara Farizeh
- Caspian Faculty of Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran P.O. Box 43841-119 Guilan Iran
| | - Farkhondeh Hemmati
- Caspian Faculty of Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran P.O. Box 43841-119 Guilan Iran
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3
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Review of Artificial Nacre for Oil–Water Separation. SEPARATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/separations10030205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their extraordinary prospective uses, particularly in the areas of oil–water separation, underwater superoleophobic materials have gained increasing attention. Thus, artificial nacre has become an attractive candidate for oil–water separation due to its superhydrophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity properties. Synthesized artificial nacre has successfully achieved a high mechanical strength that is close to or even surpasses the mechanical strength of natural nacre. This can be attributed to suitable synthesis methods, the selection of inorganic fillers and polymer matrices, and the enhancement of the mechanical properties through cross-linking, covalent group modification, or mineralization. The utilization of nacre-inspired composite membranes for emerging applications, i.e., is oily wastewater treatment, is highlighted in this review. The membranes show that full separation of oil and water can be achieved, which enables their applications in seawater environments. The self-cleaning mechanism’s basic functioning and antifouling tips are also concluded in this review.
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4
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Raja GM, Vasanthanathan A, Selvabharathi R. Effect of one-step dipping coating process on microstructure and tribology of polypropylene/graphene oxide/carbon nanotube nanocomposites. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-023-01161-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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5
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Yang X, Li L, Nishiyama Y, Reid MS, Berglund LA. Processing strategy for reduced energy demand of nanostructured CNF/clay composites with tailored interfaces. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 312:120788. [PMID: 37059528 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Nacre-mimicking nanocomposites based on colloidal cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and clay nanoparticles show excellent mechanical properties, yet processing typically involves preparation of two colloids followed by a mixing step, which is time- and energy-consuming. In this study, a facile preparation method using low energy kitchen blenders is reported in which CNF disintegration, clay exfoliation and mixing carried out in one step. Compared to composites made from the conventional method, the energy demand is reduced by about 97 %; the composites also show higher strength and work to fracture. Colloidal stability, CNF/clay nanostructure, and CNF/clay orientation are well characterized. The results suggest favorable effects from hemicellulose-rich, negatively charged pulp fibers and corresponding CNFs. CNF disintegration and colloidal stability are facilitated with substantial CNF/clay interfacial interaction. The results show a more sustainable and industrially relevant processing concept for strong CNF/clay nanocomposites.
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6
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Alsheheri S, Alamshany Z, Abdelaal MY. Preparation and physicochemical studies on polymeric nanocomposites containing copper oxide nanoparticles. Des Monomers Polym 2023; 26:68-76. [PMID: 36950476 PMCID: PMC10026763 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2023.2190222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The current work aims to modify carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) with copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) to obtain new nanocomposites of CMC, PVP, and CuO NPs (CMC/PVP/CuO NPs) with distinguished properties. The interaction between the components of the nanocomposites was suggested and supported by using Gaussian 09W 07 Software and the average particle size was manually determined from TEM images using ImageJ software developed at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The preparation methods were optimized, and the obtained nanocomposites were characterized with suitable techniques to explore their characteristics and to help expect or predict the suitable fields of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soad Alsheheri
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- CONTACT Soad Alsheheri Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zahra Alamshany
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magdy Y. Abdelaal
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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7
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Muhammed Raji A, Hambali HU, Khan ZI, Binti Mohamad Z, Azman H, Ogabi R. Emerging trends in flame retardancy of rigid polyurethane foam and its composites: A review. J CELL PLAST 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/0021955x221144564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Owing to the superior thermal insulating attributes of rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) compared to other insulating materials (expanded and extruded polystyrene, mineral wool), it remains the most dominant insulating material and most studied polymer foam. Like other polyurethane foam, RPUF is highly flammable, necessitating the incorporation of flame retardants (FR) during production to lower combustibility, promoting its continuous use as insulation material in construction, transportation, and others. The popular approaches for correcting the high flammability of RPUF are copolymerization and blending (with FR). The second method has proven to be most effective as there are limited trade-offs in RPUF properties. Meanwhile, the high flammability of RPUF is still a significant hindrance in emerging applications (sensors, space travel, and others), and this has continuously inspired research in the flame retardancy of RPUF. In this study, properties, and preparation methods of RPUF are described, factors responsible for the high flammability of PUF are discussed, and flame retardancy of RPUF is thoroughly reviewed. Notably, most FR for RPUF are inorganic nanoparticles, lignin, intumescent FR systems of expandable graphite (EG), ammonium polyphosphate (APP), and hybridized APP or EG with other FR. These could be due to their ease of processing, low cost, and being environmentally benign. Elaborate discussion on RPUF FR mechanisms were also highlighted. Lastly, a summary and future perspectives in fireproofing RPUF are provided, which could inspire the design of new FR for RPUF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulwasiu Muhammed Raji
- Enhanced Polymer Research Group, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
- Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia
- Department of Polymer and Textile Technology, Yaba College of Technology, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Hambali Umar Hambali
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Zahid Iqbal Khan
- Enhanced Polymer Research Group, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Zurina Binti Mohamad
- Enhanced Polymer Research Group, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
- Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia
| | - Hassan Azman
- Enhanced Polymer Research Group, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
- Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia
| | - Raphael Ogabi
- INSA Center Val de Loire, University Orleans, Bourges, France
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8
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Salahuddin Z, Ahmed M, Farrukh S, Ali A, Javed S, Hussain A, Younas M, Shakir S, Bokhari A, Ahmad S, Hanbazazah AS. Challenges and issues with the performance of boron nitride rooted membrane for gas separation. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136002. [PMID: 35973505 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Various fillers such as zeolites, metal-organic framework, carbon, metal framework, graphene, and covalent organic framework have been incorporated into the polymers. However, these materials are facing issues such as incompatibility with the polymer matrix, which leads to the formation of non-selective voids and thus, reduces the gas separation properties. Recent studies show that hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) possesses attractive characteristics such as high aspect ratio, good compatibility with polymer materials, enhanced gas barrier performance, and improved mechanical properties, which could make h-BN the potential candidate to replace conventional fillers. The synthesis of materials and membranes is the subject of this review, which focuses on recent developments and ongoing problems. Additionally, a summary of the mathematical models that were utilised to forecast how well polymer composites would perform in gas separation is provided. It was found in the previous studies that tortuosity is the governing factor for the determination of the effectiveness of a nanofiller as a gas barrier enhancer in polymer matrices. The shape of the nanofiller particles and sheets, disorientation and distribution of the nanofillers within the polymer matrix, state of aggregation and rate of reaggregation of the nanofiller particles, as well as the compatibility of the nanofiller with the polymer matrix all played a significant role in determining how well a particular nanofiller will perform in enhancing the gas barrier properties of the nanocomposites. For this purpose, this review has been focused not only on the experimentation work but also on the effect of tortuosity, exfoliation quality, compatibility, disorientation, and reaggregation of nanofillers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarrar Salahuddin
- School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Marghoob Ahmed
- School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Sarah Farrukh
- School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Abulhassan Ali
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sofia Javed
- School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Arshad Hussain
- Department of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Chemical, Materials and Mining Engineering, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology (PAF-IAST), Haripur, 22621, Hazara, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Younas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, University Campus, Peshawar, 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Sehar Shakir
- U.S.- Pakistan Center for Advance Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H12, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Awais Bokhari
- Chemical Engineering Department, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus, Lahore, Punjab, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Sher Ahmad
- School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Abdulkader S Hanbazazah
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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9
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New Insight into Rubber Composites Based on Graphene Nanoplatelets, Electrolyte Iron Particles, and Their Hybrid for Stretchable Magnetic Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14224826. [PMID: 36432953 PMCID: PMC9697100 DOI: 10.3390/polym14224826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
New and soft composites with good mechanical stretchability are constantly addressed in the literature due to their use in various industrial applications such as soft robotics. The stretchable magnetic materials presented in this work show a promising magnetic effect of up to 28% and improved magnetic sensitivity. The composites are soft in nature and possess hardness below 65. These composites were prepared by mixing silicone rubber with fillers such as graphene nanoplatelets (GNP), electrolyte-iron particles (EIP), and their hybrid via solution mixing. The final composites were cured at room temperature for 24 h and their isotropic and anisotropic properties were studied and presented. The mechanical properties under compressive and tensile strain were studied in detail. The results show that the compressive modulus was 1.73 MPa (control) and increased to 3.7 MPa (GNP) at 15 per hundred parts of rubber (phr), 3.2 MPa (EIP), and 4.3 MPa (hybrid) at 80 phr. Similarly, the mechanical stretchability was 112% (control) and increased to 186% (GNP) at 15 phr, 134% (EIP), and 136% (hybrid) at 60 phr. Thus, GNP emerges as a superior reinforcing filler with high stiffness, a high compressive modulus, and high mechanical stretchability. However, the GNP did not show mechanical sensitivity under a magnetic field. Therefore, the hybrids containing GNP and EIP were considered and an improved mechanical performance with magnetic sensitivity was noticed and reported. The mechanism involves the orientation of EIP under a magnetic field causing a magnetic effect, which is 28% for EIP and 5% for hybrid.
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10
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Effects of Nanofillers Based on Cetyltrimethylammonium-Modified Clays in a Polypropylene Nanocomposite. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194110. [PMID: 36236057 PMCID: PMC9573217 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanocomposites of hydrophobic organo-clay/polypropylene (organo-clay/PP) were efficiently developed through a solution-blending technique. For this, we utilized various smectite clays as host agents; namely, Na-montmorillonite (Mt, ~1000 nm), Na-fluorine mica (Mica, ~1500 nm), and Na-hectorite (Ht, ~60 nm) with varied sizes, layer charges, and aspect ratios. Such clays were functionalized with cetyltrimethylammonium (CTA) bromide via an intercalation technique to obtain hydrophobic organic clays. The as-made clay particles were further mixed with a PP/xylene solution; the latter was removed to obtain the final product of the CTA-clay/PP nanocomposite. An X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed that there were no characteristic (001) diffraction peaks for CTA-Mica in the PP nanocomposites containing CTA-Mica, assuring the fact that the Mica layers could be completely exfoliated and thereby homogenously composited within the PP. On the other hand, the CTA-Mt and CTA-Ht incorporated composites had broader (001) peaks, which might have been due to the partial exfoliation of CTA-Mt and CTA-Ht in the composites. Among the three CTA-clay/PP nanocomposites, the CTA-Mica nanohybrid showed an enhanced thermal stability by ~42 °C compared to the intact host polymer matrix. We also noted that when the CTA-Mica content was ~9 mass % in the nanocomposites, the Young’s modulus was drastically maximized to 69%. Our preliminary results therefore validated that out of the three tested clay-PP nanocomposites, the CTA-Mica nanofiller served as the best one to improve both the thermal and mechanical properties of the PP nanocomposites.
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11
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Railian S, Fadil Y, Agarwal V, Junkers T, Zetterlund PB. Synthesis of electrically conducting nanocomposites via Pickering miniemulsion polymerization: Effect of graphene oxide functionalized with different capping agents. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Malik GK, Mitra J, Kaushal M. Rheology of nano ZnO - Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) based suspensions and structural properties of resulting films. J FOOD ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2022.111187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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13
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Mirzaee M, Rashidi A, Seif A, Silvestrelli PL, Pourhashem S, Sirati Gohari M, Duan J. Amino-silane co-functionalized h-BN nanofibers with anti-corrosive function for epoxy coating. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2022.105244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Insights on Shear Transfer Efficiency in "Brick-and-Mortar" Composites Made of 2D Carbon Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12081359. [PMID: 35458067 PMCID: PMC9027589 DOI: 10.3390/nano12081359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Achieving high mechanical performances in nanocomposites reinforced with lamellar fillers has been a great challenge in the last decade. Many efforts have been made to fabricate synthetic materials whose properties resemble those of the reinforcement. To achieve this, special architectures have been considered mimicking existing materials, such as nacre. However, achieving the desired performances is challenging since the mechanical response of the material is influenced by many factors, such as the filler content, the matrix molecular mobility and the compatibility between the two phases. Most importantly, the properties of a macroscopic bulk material strongly depend on the interaction at atomic levels and on their synergetic effect. In particular, the formation of highly-ordered brick-and-mortar structures depends on the interaction forces between the two phases. Consequently, poor mechanical performances of the material are associated with interface issues and low stress transfer from the matrix to the nanoparticles. Therefore, improvement of the interface at the chemical level enhances the mechanical response of the material. The purpose of this review is to give insight into the stress transfer mechanism in high filler content composites reinforced with 2D carbon nanoparticles and to describe the parameters that influence the efficiency of stress transfer and the strategies to improve it.
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15
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Spencer MP, Alsaati AA, Park JE, Nogueira Branco RB, Marconnet A, Yamamoto N. Tuning Interparticle Contacts and Transport Properties of Maghemite-Thermoset Nanocomposites by Applying Oscillating Magnetic Fields. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:16601-16610. [PMID: 35352561 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c00331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Conductive nanofillers, if integrated in an organized manner, can improve the transport properties of polymer matrices without compromising on their light weight. However, the relationship between the particle assemblies and transport properties of such nanocomposites, especially the competing effects of connected nanofiller pathways compared to resistances at interparticle contacts, has not been quantitatively studied. In this work, with the model nanocomposite of maghemite nanoparticles in epoxy, a novel fabrication method has been demonstrated to align nanofillers and control the interparticle contact amount within such a nanofiller assembly, using nanoparticle surface functionalization and oscillating magnetic field application. The nanofiller assembly cross-sectional areas were measured by processing micro-CT images and compared with the measured electrical and thermal properties of the nanocomposites. In terms of thermal transport, when the nanofiller assembly cross-sectional area was small, the dominance of conductivity pathways was observed up to ∼4.7 vol %, while interfacial thermal resistance began to dominate when the nanofiller assembly cross-sectional area became larger than 2700 μm2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mychal P Spencer
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Albraa A Alsaati
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jung Eun Park
- Dept of Aerospace Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16801, United States
| | | | - Amy Marconnet
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Namiko Yamamoto
- Dept of Aerospace Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16801, United States
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16
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Li L, Maddalena L, Nishiyama Y, Carosio F, Ogawa Y, Berglund LA. Recyclable nanocomposites of well-dispersed 2D layered silicates in cellulose nanofibril (CNF) matrix. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 279:119004. [PMID: 34980351 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.119004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Nanocomposites based on components from nature, which can be recycled are of great interest in new materials for sustainable development. The range of properties of nacre-inspired hybrids of 1D cellulose and 2D clay platelets are investigated in nanocomposites with improved nanoparticle dispersion in the starting hydrocolloid mixture. Films with a wide range of compositions are prepared by capillary force assisted physical assembly (vacuum-assisted filtration) of TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCN) reinforced by exfoliated nanoclays of three different aspect ratios: saponite, montmorillonite and mica. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron micrographs show almost monolayer dispersion of saponite and montmorillonite and high orientation parallel to the film surface. Films exhibit ultimate strength up to 573 MPa. Young's modulus exceeds 38 GPa even at high MTM contents (40-80 vol%). Optical transmittance, UV-shielding, thermal shielding and fire-retardant properties are measured, found to be very good and are sensitive to the 2D nanoplatelet dispersion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lengwan Li
- Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lorenza Maddalena
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico di Torino, Alessandria Campus, Viale Teresa Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | | | - Federico Carosio
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico di Torino, Alessandria Campus, Viale Teresa Michel 5, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Yu Ogawa
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Lars A Berglund
- Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
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17
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He H, Gao J, Wang Y, Zhu Z, Liu Y, Tian G, Xu L, Huang Z. Toughening and reinforcing waste polypropylene with
POE
/
nano‐SiO
2
under elongational flow. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hezhi He
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of the Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Jun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of the Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of the Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Zhiwen Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of the Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Yufan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of the Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Guidong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of the Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Li Xu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of the Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Zhaoxia Huang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Processing Engineering of the Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
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The Use of Copper Oxides as Cross-Linking Substances for Chloroprene Rubber and Study of the Vulcanizates Properties. Part II. The Effect of Filler Type on the Properties of CR Products. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14216528. [PMID: 34772052 PMCID: PMC8585425 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The properties of rubber materials are dependent on the characteristics of the elastomer matrix, the filler type, the cross-linking agent, the number of ingredients, and their interactions. In the previous article, we showed that chloroprene rubber can be efficiently cross-linked with copper(I) oxide or copper(II) oxide. During the processing of rubber compounds, the incorporation of a filler and a curing substance are two substantial parameters, such as the homogeneity of mixing and cross-linking that significantly affect the properties of the vulcanizates. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the curing characteristics, mechanical and dynamical properties, morphology, and flammability of the composites containing chloroprene rubber cross-linked with Cu2O or CuO and filled with different fillers (silica, carbon black, montmorillonite, kaolin, chalk). It was found that the type of filler and curing agent had a significant impact on the degree of cross-linking of the chloroprene rubber and the properties of its vulcanizates. The degree and speed of the cross-linking of filled CR were higher when the CR was cured with copper(II) oxide. Among the fillers used, the presence of carbon black or silica ensured the highest degree of CR cross-linking and the most useful properties. The flammability tests indicated that all produced vulcanizates were characterized by a high oxygen index, which allows them to be classified as non-flammable materials.
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Castro JI, Chaur MN, Llano CHV, Valencia Zapata ME, Mina Hernandez JH, Grande-Tovar CD. Biocompatibility Study of Electrospun Nanocomposite Membranes Based on Chitosan/Polyvinyl Alcohol/Oxidized Carbon Nano-Onions. Molecules 2021; 26:4753. [PMID: 34443341 PMCID: PMC8400231 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, the number of patients requiring biocompatible and resistant implants that differ from conventional alternatives dramatically increased. Among the most promising are the nanocomposites of biopolymers and nanomaterials, which pretend to combine the biocompatibility of biopolymers with the resistance of nanomaterials. However, few studies have focused on the in vivo study of the biocompatibility of these materials. The electrospinning process is a technique that produces continuous fibers through the action of an electric field imposed on a polymer solution. However, to date, there are no reports of chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) electrospinning with carbon nano-onions (CNO) for in vivo implantations, which could generate a resistant and biocompatible material. In this work, we describe the synthesis by the electrospinning method of four different nanofibrous membranes of chitosan (CS)/(PVA)/oxidized carbon nano-onions (ox-CNO) and the subdermal implantations after 90 days in Wistar rats. The results of the morphology studies demonstrated that the electrospun nanofibers were continuous with narrow diameters (between 102.1 nm ± 12.9 nm and 147.8 nm ± 29.4 nm). The CS amount added was critical for the diameters used and the successful electrospinning procedure, while the ox-CNO amount did not affect the process. The crystallinity index was increased with the ox-CNO introduction (from 0.85% to 12.5%), demonstrating the reinforcing effect of the nanomaterial. Thermal degradation analysis also exhibited reinforcement effects according to the DSC and TGA analysis, with the higher ox-CNO content. The biocompatibility of the nanofibers was comparable with the porcine collagen, as evidenced by the subdermal implantations in biological models. In summary, all the nanofibers were reabsorbed without a severe immune response, indicating the usefulness of the electrospun nanocomposites in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Iván Castro
- Grupo de Investigación SIMERQO, Departamento de Química, Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 No. 100-00, 76001 Cali, Colombia; (J.I.C.); (M.N.C.)
| | - Manuel N. Chaur
- Grupo de Investigación SIMERQO, Departamento de Química, Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 No. 100-00, 76001 Cali, Colombia; (J.I.C.); (M.N.C.)
| | | | - Mayra Eliana Valencia Zapata
- Grupo de Materiales Compuestos, Escuela de Ingeniería de Materiales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 No. 100-00, 760032 Santiago de Cali, Colombia; (M.E.V.Z.); (J.H.M.H.)
| | - José Herminsul Mina Hernandez
- Grupo de Materiales Compuestos, Escuela de Ingeniería de Materiales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 No. 100-00, 760032 Santiago de Cali, Colombia; (M.E.V.Z.); (J.H.M.H.)
| | - Carlos David Grande-Tovar
- Grupo de Investigación de Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Atlántico, Carrera 30 Número 8-49, 081008 Puerto Colombia, Colombia
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Luo X, Schubert DW. Examining the contribution of factors affecting the electrical behavior of poly(methyl methacrylate)/graphene nanoplatelets composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Luo
- Institute of Polymer Materials, Friedrich‐Alexander‐University Erlangen‐Nuremberg Erlangen Germany
| | - Dirk W. Schubert
- Institute of Polymer Materials, Friedrich‐Alexander‐University Erlangen‐Nuremberg Erlangen Germany
- KeyLab Advanced Fiber Technology, Bavarian Polymer Institute Fürth Germany
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21
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Allami T, Alamiery A, Nassir MH, Kadhum AH. Investigating Physio-Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Polyurethane and Thermoplastics Nanocomposite in Various Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2467. [PMID: 34372071 PMCID: PMC8347130 DOI: 10.3390/polym13152467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of the soft and hard polyurethane (PU) segments caused by the hydrogen link in phase-separation kinetics was studied to investigate the morphological annealing of PU and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). The significance of the segmented PUs is to achieve enough stability for further applications in biomedical and environmental fields. In addition, other research focuses on widening the plastic features and adjusting the PU-polyimide ratio to create elastomer of the poly(urethane-imide). Regarding TPU- and PU-nanocomposite, numerous studies investigated the incorporation of inorganic nanofillers such as carbon or clay to incorporating TPU-nanocomposite in several applications. Additionally, the complete exfoliation was observed up to 5% and 3% of TPU-clay modified with 12 amino lauric acid and benzidine, respectively. PU-nanocomposite of 5 wt.% Cloisite®30B showed an increase in modulus and tensile strength by 110% and 160%, respectively. However, the nanocomposite PU-0.5 wt.% Carbone Nanotubes (CNTs) show an increase in the tensile modulus by 30% to 90% for blown and flat films, respectively. Coating PU influences stress-strain behavior because of the interaction between the soft segment and physical crosslinkers. The thermophysical properties of the TPU matrix have shown two glass transition temperatures (Tg's) corresponding to the soft and the hard segment. Adding a small amount of tethered clay shifts Tg for both segments by 44 °C and 13 °C, respectively, while adding clay from 1 to 5 wt.% results in increasing the thermal stability of TPU composite from 12 to 34 °C, respectively. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to investigate the phase structure of PU dispersion, showing an increase in thermal stability, solubility, and flexibility. Regarding the electrical properties, the maximum piezoresistivity (10 S/m) of 7.4 wt.% MWCNT was enhanced by 92.92%. The chemical structure of the PU-CNT composite has shown a degree of agglomeration under disruption of the sp2 carbon structure. However, with extended graphene loading to 5.7 wt.%, piezoresistivity could hit 10-1 S/m, less than 100 times that of PU. In addition to electrical properties, the acoustic behavior of MWCNT (0.35 wt.%)/SiO2 (0.2 wt.%)/PU has shown sound absorption of 80 dB compared to the PU foam sample. Other nanofillers, such as SiO2, TiO2, ZnO, Al2O3, were studied showing an improvement in the thermal stability of the polymer and enhancing scratch and abrasion resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyser Allami
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (A.A.); (M.H.N.); (A.H.K.)
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22
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Souza ZSB, Pinto GM, Silva GDC, Demarquette NR, Fechine GJM, Sobrinho MAM. Interface adjustment between poly(ethylene terephthalate) and graphene oxide in order to enhance mechanical and thermal properties of nanocomposites. POLYM ENG SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziani S. B. Souza
- Department of Chemical Engineering Federal University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil
| | - Gabriel M. Pinto
- Mackenzie Institute for Research in Graphene and Nanotechnologies – MackGraphe, Mackenzie Presbyterian University São Paulo Brazil
| | - Giovanna da C. Silva
- Mackenzie Institute for Research in Graphene and Nanotechnologies – MackGraphe, Mackenzie Presbyterian University São Paulo Brazil
| | - Nicole R. Demarquette
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Ecole de Technologie Supérieure Montréal Canada
| | - Guilhermino J. M. Fechine
- Mackenzie Institute for Research in Graphene and Nanotechnologies – MackGraphe, Mackenzie Presbyterian University São Paulo Brazil
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23
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Enhancing microbial management and shelf life of shrimp Penaeus vannamei by using nanoparticles of metallic oxides as an alternate active packaging tool to synthetic chemicals. Food Packag Shelf Life 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2021.100652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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24
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Li Q, Ren T, Perkins P, Hu X, Wang X. Applications of halloysite nanotubes in food packaging for improving film performance and food preservation. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.107876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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25
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Selim MS, El-Safty SA, Abbas MA, Shenashen MA. Facile design of graphene oxide-ZnO nanorod-based ternary nanocomposite as a superhydrophobic and corrosion-barrier coating. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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26
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Corrosion properties of organic polymer coating reinforced two-dimensional nitride nanostructures: a comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02434-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Mallakpour S, Sirous F, Hussain CM. Green synthesis of nano-Al 2O 3, recent functionalization, and fabrication of synthetic or natural polymer nanocomposites: various technological applications. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj05578f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Environmentally friendly fabrication of nano-Al2O3, recent functionalization, and preparation of polymer nanocomposites including natural and man-made polymers with various industrial applications are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadpour Mallakpour
- Organic Polymer Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Isfahan University of Technology
- Isfahan
- Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Fariba Sirous
- Organic Polymer Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Isfahan University of Technology
- Isfahan
- Islamic Republic of Iran
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Machado I, Hsieh I, Calado V, Chapin T, Ishida H. Nacre-Mimetic Green Flame Retardant: Ultra-High Nanofiller Content, Thin Nanocomposite as an Effective Flame Retardant. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2351. [PMID: 33066458 PMCID: PMC7602158 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A nacre-mimetic brick-and-mortar structure was used to develop a new flame-retardant technology. A second biomimetic approach was utilized to develop a non-flammable elastomeric benzoxazine for use as a polymer matrix that effectively adheres to the hydrophilic laponite nanofiller. A combination of laponite and benzoxazine is used to apply an ultra-high nanofiller content, thin nanocomposite coating on a polyurethane foam. The technology used is made environmentally friendly by eliminating the need to add any undesirable flame retardants, such as phosphorus additives or halogenated compounds. The very-thin coating on the polyurethane foam (PUF) is obtained through a single dip-coating. The structure of the polymer has been confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The flammability of the polymer and nanocomposite was evaluated by heat release capacity using microscale combustion calorimetry (MCC). A material with heat release capacity (HRC) lower than 100 J/Kg is considered non-ignitable. The nanocomposite developed exhibits HRC of 22 J/Kg, which is well within the classification of a non-ignitable material. The cone calorimeter test was also used to investigate the flame retardancy of the nanocomposite's thin film on polyurethane foam. This test confirms that the second peak of the heat release rate (HRR) decreased 62% or completely disappeared for the coated PUF with different loadings. Compression tests show an increase in the modulus of the PUF by 88% for the 4 wt% coating concentration. Upon repeated modulus tests, the rigidity decreases, approaching the modulus of the uncoated PUF. However, the effect of this repeated mechanical loading does not significantly affect the flame retarding performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irlaine Machado
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106-7202, USA;
| | - Isabel Hsieh
- Hathaway Brown School, Shaker Heights, OH 44122, USA;
| | - Veronica Calado
- School of Chemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Horácio Macedo 2030, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brazil;
| | - Thomas Chapin
- Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL), 2500 Dundee Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062S, USA;
| | - Hatsuo Ishida
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106-7202, USA;
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Lamm ME, Wang L, Kishore V, Tekinalp H, Kunc V, Wang J, Gardner DJ, Ozcan S. Material Extrusion Additive Manufacturing of Wood and Lignocellulosic Filled Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2115. [PMID: 32957494 PMCID: PMC7569778 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Wood and lignocellulosic-based material components are explored in this review as functional additives and reinforcements in composites for extrusion-based additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing. The motivation for using these sustainable alternatives in 3D printing includes enhancing material properties of the resulting printed parts, while providing a green alternative to carbon or glass filled polymer matrices, all at reduced material costs. Previous review articles on this topic have focused only on introducing the use of natural fillers with material extrusion AM and discussion of their subsequent material properties. This review not only discusses the present state of materials extrusion AM using natural filler-based composites but will also fill in the knowledge gap regarding state-of-the-art applications of these materials. Emphasis will also be placed on addressing the challenges associated with 3D printing using these materials, including use with large-scale manufacturing, while providing insight to overcome these issues in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan E. Lamm
- Manufacturing Demonstration Facility, Energy and Transportation Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 2350 Cherahala Boulevard, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA; (V.K.); (H.T.); (V.K.)
| | - Lu Wang
- Advanced Structures and Composites Center, University of Maine, 35 Flagstaff Road, Orono, ME 04469, USA; (L.W.); (D.J.G.)
- School of Forest Resources, University of Maine, 5755 Nutting Hall, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - Vidya Kishore
- Manufacturing Demonstration Facility, Energy and Transportation Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 2350 Cherahala Boulevard, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA; (V.K.); (H.T.); (V.K.)
| | - Halil Tekinalp
- Manufacturing Demonstration Facility, Energy and Transportation Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 2350 Cherahala Boulevard, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA; (V.K.); (H.T.); (V.K.)
| | - Vlastimil Kunc
- Manufacturing Demonstration Facility, Energy and Transportation Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 2350 Cherahala Boulevard, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA; (V.K.); (H.T.); (V.K.)
| | - Jinwu Wang
- Forest Products Laboratory, U.S. Forest Service, 1 Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, WI 53726, USA;
| | - Douglas J. Gardner
- Advanced Structures and Composites Center, University of Maine, 35 Flagstaff Road, Orono, ME 04469, USA; (L.W.); (D.J.G.)
| | - Soydan Ozcan
- Manufacturing Demonstration Facility, Energy and Transportation Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 2350 Cherahala Boulevard, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA; (V.K.); (H.T.); (V.K.)
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Pourhashem S, Saba F, Duan J, Rashidi A, Guan F, Nezhad EG, Hou B. Polymer/Inorganic nanocomposite coatings with superior corrosion protection performance: A review. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2020.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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31
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Synthesis, Characterization and Mechanism Study of Green Aragonite Crystals from Waste Biomaterials as Calcium Supplement. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12125062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In present work, environmentally benign green aragonite crystals were synthesized from waste chicken eggshells and bivalve seashells through a simple and low-cost wet carbonation method. This method involves a constant stirring of calcium oxide slurry and magnesium chloride suspension in aqueous solution with constraint carbon dioxide injection at 80 °C. The physicochemical properties of the synthesized aragonite were further compared with the aragonite synthesized from commercial calcium oxide. The morphological analysis, such as acicular shape and optimum aspect ratio (~21), were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The average crystal size (10–30 µm) and specific surface area (2–18 m2 g−1) were determined by particle size and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis, respectively. Moreover, a schematic crystal growth mechanism was proposed to demonstrate the genesis and progression of aragonite crystal. Green aragonite can bridge the void for numerous applications and holds the potential for the commercial-scale synthesis with eggshells and bivalve seashells as low-cost precursors.
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32
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Reinforcement of hydroxyethyl cellulose / poly (vinyl alcohol) with cellulose nanocrystal as a bone tissue engineering scaffold. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-020-02112-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Kulshreshtha A, Jayaraman A. Dispersion and Aggregation of Polymer Grafted Particles in Polymer Nanocomposites Driven by the Hardness and Size of the Grafted Layer Tuned by Attractive Graft–Matrix Interactions. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arjita Kulshreshtha
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Colburn Laboratory, Newark. Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Arthi Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Colburn Laboratory, Newark. Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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Zhao L, Duan G, Zhang G, Yang H, He S, Jiang S. Electrospun Functional Materials toward Food Packaging Applications: A Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E150. [PMID: 31952146 PMCID: PMC7022779 DOI: 10.3390/nano10010150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Electrospinning is an effective and versatile method to prepare continuous polymer nanofibers and nonwovens that exhibit excellent properties such as high molecular orientation, high porosity and large specific surface area. Benefitting from these outstanding and intriguing features, electrospun nanofibers have been employed as a promising candidate for the fabrication of food packaging materials. Actually, the electrospun nanofibers used in food packaging must possess biocompatibility and low toxicity. In addition, in order to maintain the quality of food and extend its shelf life, food packaging materials also need to have certain functionality. Herein, in this timely review, functional materials produced from electrospinning toward food packaging are highlighted. At first, various strategies for the preparation of polymer electrospun fiber are introduced, then the characteristics of different packaging films and their successful applications in food packaging are summarized, including degradable materials, superhydrophobic materials, edible materials, antibacterial materials and high barrier materials. Finally, the future perspective and key challenges of polymer electrospun nanofibers for food packaging are also discussed. Hopefully, this review would provide a fundamental insight into the development of electrospun functional materials with high performance for food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luying Zhao
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (L.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Gaigai Duan
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (L.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Guoying Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China;
| | - Haoqi Yang
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Shuijian He
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (L.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Shaohua Jiang
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (L.Z.); (S.H.)
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35
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Chang Z, Sun Z, Wu W, Chen T, Gao Z. Effects of inorganic filler on performance and cost effectiveness of a soybean‐based adhesive. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziwen Chang
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐based Material Science and Technology (Ministry of Education)Northeast Forestry University 150040 Harbin China
| | - Zongxing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐based Material Science and Technology (Ministry of Education)Northeast Forestry University 150040 Harbin China
| | - Wenbin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐based Material Science and Technology (Ministry of Education)Northeast Forestry University 150040 Harbin China
| | - Tao Chen
- CAS&Zhaolu New Materials Co. Ltd Xinhui Road 105 Ningbo 315040 China
| | - Zhenhua Gao
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐based Material Science and Technology (Ministry of Education)Northeast Forestry University 150040 Harbin China
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Lyu Y, Ishida H. Natural-sourced benzoxazine resins, homopolymers, blends and composites: A review of their synthesis, manufacturing and applications. Prog Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.101168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Lim SM, Moon J, Choi GH, Baek UC, Lim JM, Park JT, Kim JH. Surface Carbon Shell-Functionalized ZrO 2 as Nanofiller in Polymer Gel Electrolyte-Based Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E1418. [PMID: 31590296 PMCID: PMC6836208 DOI: 10.3390/nano9101418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We prepare dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) fabricated with a poly (ethylene glycol) based polymer gel electrolytes (PGEs) incorporating surface carbon shell-functionalized ZrO2 nanoparticles (ZrO2-C) as nanofillers (NFs). ZrO2 are polymerized via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) using poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEM) as a scaffold to prepare the ZrO2-C through carbonization. The power conversion efficiency of DSSC with 12 wt% ZrO2-C/PGEs is 5.6%, exceeding that with PGEs (4.4%). The enhanced efficiency is attributed to Lewis acid-base interactions of ZrO2-C and poly (ethylene glycol), catalytic effect of the carbon shells of ZrO2-C, which results in reduced crystallinity, enhanced ion conductivity of electrolytes, decreased counterelectrode/electrolyte interfacial resistance, and improved charge transfer rate. These results demonstrate that ZrO2-C introduction to PGEs effectively improves the performance of DSSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Man Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.M.L.); (J.M.); (G.H.C.); (U.C.B.); (J.M.L.)
| | - Juyoung Moon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.M.L.); (J.M.); (G.H.C.); (U.C.B.); (J.M.L.)
| | - Gyo Hun Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.M.L.); (J.M.); (G.H.C.); (U.C.B.); (J.M.L.)
| | - Uoon Chul Baek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.M.L.); (J.M.); (G.H.C.); (U.C.B.); (J.M.L.)
| | - Jeong Min Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.M.L.); (J.M.); (G.H.C.); (U.C.B.); (J.M.L.)
| | - Jung Tae Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.M.L.); (J.M.); (G.H.C.); (U.C.B.); (J.M.L.)
| | - Jong Hak Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea
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Tao H, Dufresne A, Lin N. Double-Network Formation and Mechanical Enhancement of Reducing End-Modified Cellulose Nanocrystals to the Thermoplastic Elastomer Based on Click Reaction and Bulk Cross-Linking. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Tao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Alain Dufresne
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP* (* Institute of Engineering Univ. Grenoble Alpes),
LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Ning Lin
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Polymer Materials, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
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Dios JR, García-Astrain C, Costa P, Viana JC, Lanceros-Méndez S. Carbonaceous Filler Type and Content Dependence of the Physical-Chemical and Electromechanical Properties of Thermoplastic Elastomer Polymer Composites. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12091405. [PMID: 31052175 PMCID: PMC6540253 DOI: 10.3390/ma12091405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNT), and carbon nanofibers (CNF) are the most studied nanocarbonaceous fillers for polymer-based composite fabrication due to their excellent overall properties. The combination of thermoplastic elastomers with excellent mechanical properties (e.g., styrene-b-(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-styrene (SEBS)) and conductive nanofillers such as those mentioned previously opens the way to the preparation of multifunctional materials for large-strain (up to 10% or even above) sensor applications. This work reports on the influence of different nanofillers (CNT, CNF, and graphene) on the properties of a SEBS matrix. It is shown that the overall properties of the composites depend on filler type and content, with special influence on the electrical properties. CNT/SEBS composites presented a percolation threshold near 1 wt.% filler content, whereas CNF and graphene-based composites showed a percolation threshold above 5 wt.%. Maximum strain remained similar for most filler types and contents, except for the largest filler contents (1 wt.% or more) in graphene (G)/SEBS composites, showing a reduction from 600% for SEBS to 150% for 5G/SEBS. Electromechanical properties of CNT/SEBS composite for strains up to 10% showed a gauge factor (GF) varying from 2 to 2.5 for different applied strains. The electrical conductivity of the G and CNF composites at up to 5 wt.% filler content was not suitable for the development of piezoresistive sensing materials. We performed thermal ageing at 120 °C for 1, 24, and 72 h for SEBS and its composites with 5 wt.% nanofiller content in order to evaluate the stability of the material properties for high-temperature applications. The mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties of SEBS and the composites were identical to those of pristine composites, but the electrical conductivity decreased by near one order of magnitude and the GF decreased to values between 0.5 and 1 in aged CNT/SEBS composites. Thus, the materials can still be used as large-deformation sensors, but the reduction of both electrical and electromechanical response has to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clara García-Astrain
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain.
| | - Pedro Costa
- Center of Physics, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
- Institute for Polymers and Composites (IPC), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Júlio César Viana
- Institute for Polymers and Composites (IPC), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Senentxu Lanceros-Méndez
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.
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Jamróz E, Kulawik P, Kopel P. The Effect of Nanofillers on the Functional Properties of Biopolymer-based Films: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E675. [PMID: 31013855 PMCID: PMC6523406 DOI: 10.3390/polym11040675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Waste from non-degradable plastics is becoming an increasingly serious problem. Therefore, more and more research focuses on the development of materials with biodegradable properties. Bio-polymers are excellent raw materials for the production of such materials. Bio-based biopolymer films reinforced with nanostructures have become an interesting area of research. Nanocomposite films are a group of materials that mainly consist of bio-based natural (e.g., chitosan, starch) and synthetic (e.g., poly(lactic acid)) polymers and nanofillers (clay, organic, inorganic, or carbon nanostructures), with different properties. The interaction between environmentally friendly biopolymers and nanofillers leads to the improved functionality of nanocomposite materials. Depending on the properties of nanofillers, new or improved properties of nanocomposites can be obtained such as: barrier properties, improved mechanical strength, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties or thermal stability. This review compiles information about biopolymers used as the matrix for the films with nanofillers as the active agents. Particular emphasis has been placed on the influence of nanofillers on functional properties of biopolymer films and their possible use within the food industry and food packaging systems. The possible applications of those nanocomposite films within other industries (medicine, drug and chemical industry, tissue engineering) is also briefly summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Jamróz
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Agriculture in Cracow, Balicka Street 122, PL-30-149 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Piotr Kulawik
- Department of Animal Products Processing, University of Agriculture, Balicka Street 122, PL-30-149 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Pavel Kopel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Wen X. One-pot route to graft long-chain polymer onto silica nanoparticles and its application for high-performance poly(l-lactide) nanocomposites. RSC Adv 2019; 9:13908-13915. [PMID: 35519579 PMCID: PMC9063918 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01360a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A facile “one-pot” synthetic route to modify SiO2 nanoparticles with long-chain polymer was developed. The structure and morphology of SiO2 grafted with poly(l-lactide) (SiO2-g-PLA) were characterized by FTIR, TGA, GPC, and TEM. Furthermore, a series of PLA/SiO2-g-PLA nanocomposites were prepared with different nanofiller loadings, and their related performances were investigated. As an effective nucleating agent, the SiO2-g-PLA had a positive effect to improve the crystallization rate and increase the crystallinity. Meanwhile, the PLA nanocomposites presented outstanding mechanical properties including excellent toughness and high stiffness. In addition, the PLA materials kept good transparency with less than 3 wt% nanofillers. Overall, this work provides a useful method for preparing high-performance polymer nanocomposites. A facile “one-pot” synthetic route is used to modify SiO2 nanoparticles with a long-chain polymer, and to prepare high-performance poly(l-lactide) nanocomposites.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wen
- Nanomaterials Physicochemistry Department
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering
- West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin
- Szczecin
- Poland
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