1
|
Ramos-Vera C, Calle D, Quispe-Callo G, Höller I, Forkmann T, Ordoñez-Carrasco J, Čopková R, Lichner V, Lobos-Rivera M, Calizaya-Milla YE, Saintila J. Sex differences in entrapment in a multinational sample: a network analysis perspective. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1321207. [PMID: 38863617 PMCID: PMC11165698 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1321207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The concept of entrapment has been highlighted as a transdiagnostic element that manifests itself in disorders such as depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation. Although research has been conducted in different contexts independently, a comprehensive multi-country study to assess gender differences in entrapment through network analysis has not yet been carried out. The objective of this study was to evaluate the entrapment network in men and women at the multinational level. Methods A sample of 2,949 participants, ranging in age from 18 to 73 years from six countries (Germany, Iran, Spain, Slovakia, El Salvador, and Peru), was considered. They completed the entrapment scale. A network analysis was performed for both men and women to identify the connectivity between indicators and the formation of clusters and domains, in addition to the centrality assessment in both sex groups. Results The study findings revealed the presence of a third domain focused on external interpersonal entrapment in the network of men and women. However, in relation to the interconnectivity between domains, variations were evidenced in both networks, as well as in centrality, it was reported that men present a greater generalized entrapment in various aspects of life, while women tend to experience a more focused entrapment in expressions of intense emotional charge. Conclusion The multinational study identified variations in the structure of entrapment between genders, with three domains (internal, external, and external-interpersonal) and differences in the interaction of indicators and groupings, as well as discrepancies in centrality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dennis Calle
- Área de Investigación, Universidad César Vallejoo, Lima, Peru
| | - Gleni Quispe-Callo
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa, Peru
| | - Inken Höller
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Charlotte Fresenius Hochschule, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Forkmann
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Radka Čopková
- Faculty of Economics, Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Vladimir Lichner
- Department of Social Work, Faculty of Arts, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Marlon Lobos-Rivera
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Tecnológica de El Salvador, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | | | - Jacksaint Saintila
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Señor de Sipán, Chiclayo, Peru
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gilbert P. Threat, safety, safeness and social safeness 30 years on: Fundamental dimensions and distinctions for mental health and well-being. BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38698734 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
In 1993, the British Journal of Clinical Psychology published my paper titled 'Defence and safety: Their function in social behaviour and psychopathology'. The paper highlights that to understand people's sensitivity to threat, we also need to understand their ability to identify what is safe. This paper offers an update on these concepts, highlighting distinctions that were implicit but not clearly defined at the time. Hence, the paper seeks to clarify distinctions between: (i) threat detection and response, (ii) safety and safety seeking, (iii) safeness and (iv) their social and non-social functions and forms. Threat detection and response are to prevent or minimize harm (e.g., run from a predator or fire). Safety checking relates to monitoring for the absence and avoidance of threat, while safety seeking links to the destination of the defensive behaviour (e.g., running home). Safety seeking also relates to maintaining vigilance to the appearance of potential harms and doing things believed to avoid harm. Threat-defending and safety checking and seeking are regulated primarily through evolved threat processing systems that monitor the nature, presence, controllability and/or absence of threat (e.g., amygdala and sympathetic nervous system). Safeness uses different monitoring systems via different psychophysiological systems (e.g., prefrontal cortex, parasympathetic system) for the presence of internal and external resources that support threat-coping, risk-taking, resource exploration. Creating brain states that recruit safeness processing can impact how standard evidence-based therapies (e.g., exposure, distress tolerance and reappraisal) are experienced and produce long-term change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Gilbert
- Centre of Compassion Research and Training, College of Health and Social Care Research Centre, University of Derby, Derby, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang R, Liu Y, Liu S, Chen H, Yu X, Xu C, Chen Y, Xia D, Ge X, Wang Z, Chang R, Hu F, Shen T, Wang Y, Wang Z, Cao B, Zhang K, Zou H, Qin J, Li S, Cai Y. Relationships of work stress and interpersonal needs with industrial workers' mental health: a moderated mediation model. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1341. [PMID: 37438732 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study explores whether feelings of defeat (i.e., a sense of failed struggle and losing rank; referred to as defeat for simplicity) mediated the effect of work stress on depression/anxiety, the effect of interpersonal needs on depression/anxiety for Chinese industrial workers, and the possible moderating role of social support. METHOD A cross-sectional study was conducted in Shenzhen, China in 2019, in total, 2023 industrial workers (of 2700 invited; response rate = 75%) completed a self-administered survey consisted of Job Stress Scale, Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire, Defeat Scale, Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, two face-valid questions for social support, as well as sociodemographic information. Moderated mediation model was tested and loop plots were applied to probe into the conditional effects of work and interpersonal stress on depression and anxiety symptoms. RESULT Both the direct and indirect effect of work stress on depression and anxiety through defeat were significant (Work stress→ Depression: B = 0.035, p < .001, Work stress→ Defeat→ Depression: B = 0.034, p < .001; Work stress→ Anxiety: B = 0.038, p < .001, Work stress→ Defeat→ Anxiety: B = 0.045, p < .001). Meanwhile, defeat mediated the relationship of interpersonal needs with depression partially and the relationship of interpersonal needs with anxiety totally (Interpersonal needs→ Anxiety: B = 0.133, p < .001, Interpersonal needs→ Defeat→ Anxiety: B = 0.010, p = .537). Social support moderated the indirect path between interpersonal needs and depression/anxiety and buffered the effect. CONCLUSION The mediating role of defeat and the moderator role of social support in the relationship between stress and depression/anxiety were confirmed in industrial workers. Workers who reported more work and interpersonal stress would report more defeat feelings, and then exhibited more depression and anxiety symptoms; this mediation effect was stronger for those who had lower social support, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongxi Wang
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Shanghai, 201318, China
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, South Chongqing Road, No. 227, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, South Chongqing Road, No. 227, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Shangbin Liu
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Shanghai, 201318, China
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, South Chongqing Road, No. 227, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, South Chongqing Road, No. 227, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Xiaoyue Yu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, South Chongqing Road, No. 227, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Chen Xu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, South Chongqing Road, No. 227, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Yingjie Chen
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, South Chongqing Road, No. 227, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Danni Xia
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, South Chongqing Road, No. 227, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Xin Ge
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, South Chongqing Road, No. 227, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, South Chongqing Road, No. 227, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Ruijie Chang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, South Chongqing Road, No. 227, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Fan Hu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, South Chongqing Road, No. 227, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Tian Shen
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, South Chongqing Road, No. 227, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, South Chongqing Road, No. 227, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Zixin Wang
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Bolin Cao
- School of Media and Communication, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Kechun Zhang
- Shenzhen Longhua District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huachun Zou
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), SunYat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Jiade Qin
- The First People's Hospital of Qinzhou; The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Yangming Street, No. 8, Qinzhou, Guangxi Province, 535099, China.
| | - Sisi Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, South Chongqing Road, No. 227, Shanghai, 201800, China.
| | - Yong Cai
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, South Chongqing Road, No. 227, Shanghai, 201800, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu S, Xia D, Wang Y, Xu H, Xu L, Yuan D, Liang A, Chang R, Wang R, Liu Y, Chen H, Hu F, Cai Y, Wang Y. Predicting the risk of HIV infection among internal migrant MSM in China: An optimal model based on three variable selection methods. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1015699. [PMID: 36388367 PMCID: PMC9641070 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1015699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Internal migrant Men who have sex with men (IMMSM), which has the dual identity of MSM and floating population, should be more concerned among the vulnerable groups for HIV in society. Establishing appropriate prediction models to assess the risk of HIV infection among IMMSM is of great significance to against HIV infection and transmission. Methods HIV and syphilis infection were detected using rapid test kits, and other 30 variables were collected among IMMSM through questionnaire. Taking HIV infection status as the dependent variable, three methods were used to screen predictors and three prediction models were developed respectively. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test was performed to verify the fit of the models, and the net classification improvement and integrated discrimination improvement were used to compare these models to determine the optimal model. Based on the optimal model, a prediction nomogram was developed as an instrument to assess the risk of HIV infection among IMMSM. To quantify the predictive ability of the nomogram, the C-index measurement was performed, and internal validation was performed using bootstrap method. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration plot and dynamic component analysis (DCA) were respectively performed to assess the efficacy, accuracy and clinical utility of the prediction nomogram. Results In this study, 12.52% IMMSMs were tested HIV-positive and 8.0% IMMSMs were tested syphilis-positive. Model A, model B, and model C fitted well, and model B was the optimal model. A nomogram was developed based on the model B. The C-index of the nomogram was 0.757 (95% CI: 0.701-0.812), and the C-index of internal verification was 0.705. Conclusions The model established by stepwise selection methods incorporating 11 risk factors (age, education, marriage, monthly income, verbal violence, syphilis, score of CUSS, score of RSES, score of ULS, score of ES and score of DS) was the optimal model that achieved the best predictive power. The risk nomogram based on the optimal model had relatively good efficacy, accuracy and clinical utility in identifying internal migrant MSM at high-risk for HIV infection, which is helpful for developing targeted intervention for them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shangbin Liu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Danni Xia
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huifang Xu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lulu Xu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Yuan
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Ajuan Liang
- Renji Hospital, Affiliated With the School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruijie Chang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongxi Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Hu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Fan Hu
| | - Yong Cai
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,Yong Cai
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,Ying Wang
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yasdiman MB, Townsend E, Blackie LER. Examining the protective influence of posttraumatic growth on interpersonal suicide risk factors in a 6-week longitudinal study. Front Psychol 2022; 13:998836. [PMID: 36337476 PMCID: PMC9630643 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.998836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Research has found an inverse relationship between posttraumatic growth (PTG) and suicidal ideation in military and community samples that holds when controlling for other suicide risk factors. However, further research is needed into the underlying mechanisms to clarify how PTG protects against the formation of suicidal ideation. The current two-wave longitudinal study examined whether perceiving PTG from recent adverse circumstances while in a national lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic attenuated the positive relationship of two interpersonal suicide risk factors – perceived burdensomeness (PB) and thwarted belonginess (TB)–over 6 weeks. Participants (n = 170) were recruited online from Prolific from income-deprived areas in the United Kingdom (mean age = 37.65; SD = 12.50; 53.5% female). Post-hoc power analyses indicated we had insufficient power to examine the hypothesised mediation for TB. We examined whether PTG mediated the relationship between PB at wave 1 and wave 2 while controlling for depression and anxiety in a sample of individuals at-risk for suicidal ideation. PTG did significantly and partially mediate the positive relationship between PB at wave 1 and 2. We discuss the theoretical and clinical implications that could result if future research successfully replicates these initial exploratory findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meryem Betul Yasdiman
- Personality, Social Psychology and Health Research Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Self-Harm Research Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Meryem Betul Yasdiman,
| | - Ellen Townsend
- Personality, Social Psychology and Health Research Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Self-Harm Research Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Laura E. R. Blackie
- Personality, Social Psychology and Health Research Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Oakey-Frost DN, Moscardini EH, Russell K, Rasmussen S, Cramer RJ, Tucker RP. Defeat, Entrapment, and Hopelessness: Clarifying Interrelationships between Suicidogenic Constructs. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10518. [PMID: 36078232 PMCID: PMC9517901 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Psychological theories of suicide posit conceptually similar constructs related to the development of suicidal thinking. These constructs often evince high-magnitude interrelationships across studies. Within these theories, defeat, entrapment and hopelessness standout as conceptually and quantitatively similar. Theoretical improvements may be facilitated through clarifying the subscale and item-level similarities among these constructs. Factor analytic and phenomenological work has demonstrated equivocal evidence for a distinction between defeat and entrapment; hopelessness is not typically analyzed together with defeat and entrapment despite evidence of large-magnitude interrelationships. This study explored the interrelationships among the foregoing constructs within a sample of undergraduate students (N = 344) from two universities within the Southeastern United States. Participants, oversampled for lifetime history of suicidal ideation and attempts, completed an online cross-sectional survey assessing defeat, entrapment, hopelessness and SI. Exploratory factor and parallel analyses demonstrated support for a one factor solution when analyzed at subscale level of the three measures as well as when all items of the three measures were analyzed together. Ad hoc exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) bifactor results evinced support for the existence of a single, general factor at the item level. Item level communalities and bifactor fit indices suggest that hopelessness may be somewhat distinct from defeat and entrapment. Clinical and theoretical implications are discussed in the context of study limitations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D. Nicolas Oakey-Frost
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, 236 Audubon Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Emma H. Moscardini
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, 236 Audubon Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Kirsten Russell
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, 40 George Street, Glasgow G1 1QE, UK
| | - Susan Rasmussen
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, 40 George Street, Glasgow G1 1QE, UK
| | - Robert J. Cramer
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Raymond P. Tucker
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, 236 Audubon Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Monéger J, Chatard A, Selimbegović L. The defeated self: Evidence that entrapment moderates first name priming effects on failure-thought accessibility. SELF AND IDENTITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15298868.2022.2099454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Monéger
- Department of psychology, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
- Research Center on Cognition and Learning, CNRS, Poitiers, France
| | - Armand Chatard
- Department of psychology, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
- Research Center on Cognition and Learning, CNRS, Poitiers, France
- Clinical Research Unit, Centre Hospitalier Laborit, Poitiers, France
| | - Leila Selimbegović
- Department of psychology, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
- Research Center on Cognition and Learning, CNRS, Poitiers, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bradford DRR, Biello SM, Russell K. Defeat and Entrapment Mediate the Relationship Between Insomnia Symptoms and Suicidal Ideation in Young Adults. Arch Suicide Res 2022; 26:1632-1643. [PMID: 33616024 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2021.1885537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM In recent years, there has been a growing interest in understanding the relationship between sleep disturbance and suicide. The current study aimed to advance understanding of the psychological processes driving these relationships by examining whether insomnia symptoms are related to suicidal ideation via perceptions of defeat and entrapment. METHODS Young adults (n = 259; 202 students [78.0%], 45 employed [17.4%], 12 unemployed [4.6%]) completed an anonymous self-report survey that was advertised via social media, university participant pools, and fliers. The survey was described as being related to sleep and mood/mental health. Validated measures were used to assess insomnia symptoms, chronotype, defeat, entrapment, suicidal ideation, and affective covariates. RESULTS Bivariate associations found insomnia severity to be related to poorer affective outcomes including severity of suicidal ideation. Insomnia and depression were significant independent variables in multiple linear regression with suidical ideation as the dependent variable. The relationship between insomnia and suicidal ideation was mediated by perceptions of defeat and entrapment. CONCLUSION Taken together, these findings shed light on the psychological mechanisms linking sleep disturbance and suicidal ideation by highlighting the role of defeat and entrapment. These findings have the potential to improve suicide risk assessment and prevention in young adults experiencing difficulties initiating or maintaining sleep.HighlightsDefeat and entrapment mediate relationship between insomnia and suicidal ideationEvidence for Integrated Motivational-Volitional Model of Suicidal Behavior in community sampleUses validated multi-item suicide measure.
Collapse
|
9
|
Saint-Cyr N, Gallagher B, Cramer RJ, Rasmussen S. Desire for control and the integrated motivational-volitional model of suicidal behavior: Results from a pilot investigation of adults in the United Kingdom. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2022; 68:435-442. [PMID: 33719655 DOI: 10.1177/00207640211003606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicidal behavior remains a pressing problem in the United Kingdom. Continued theory development is a critical step toward designing effective prevention. AIMS The present study tested a novel element to suicide theory, the Desire for Control, for its direct and moderating roles within the Integrated Motivational-Volitional (IMV) Model of Suicidal Behavior. METHOD An online-administered cross-sectional suicide risk survey study (n = 116) was conducted among adults living in the United Kingdom. RESULTS Mean suicidal ideation scores were in the non-clinical range. DOC Leadership and Destiny Control were associated with good mental health. DOC Decision Avoidance was associated with poor mental health. DOC Decision Avoidance also acted as a motivational moderator in which the entrapment-suicidal thinking link was worse among those high in decisional avoidance. CONCLUSION DOC represents a novel, valuable addition to suicide theory and may inform suicide-specific psychotherapeutic intervention. Additional research is needed to full understand the role of DOC and its factor structures in the IMV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Susan Rasmussen
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yasdiman MB, Townsend E, Blackie LER. Examining the protective function of perceptions of post-traumatic growth against entrapment and suicidal ideation. J Affect Disord 2022; 300:474-480. [PMID: 34979187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.12.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence has found that reporting post-traumatic growth (PTG) from a past stressful life event is associated with lower reports of suicidal ideation. Perceptions of PTG measure the extent to which an individual reports positive changes in their identity, relationships, and worldviews after a stressful event. However, little is known about how perceptions of PTG interact with feelings of defeat and entrapment to influence suicidal ideation. The current study examined this question through the Integrated Motivational-Volitional (IMV) Model of Suicidal Behavior. METHODS 521 adult participants (315 females with age range of 18-82, M = 30.4 years, SD = 13.6) completed an online cross-sectional questionnaire with defeat, entrapment, suicidal ideation, PTG, depression and anxiety measures. Hypotheses and data analysis plans were pre-registered prior to data collection. RESULTS PTG negatively correlated with defeat, entrapment and suicidal ideation. PTG predicted lower suicidal ideation when controlling for entrapment, depression and anxiety. PTG did not moderate the relationship between defeat on entrapment or the relationship between entrapment on suicidal ideation. LIMITATIONS The findings were based on cross-sectional data where participants recalled experiences of defeat, entrapment and suicidal ideation from the past year. The sample was a large community (non-clinical) sample, and most of the participants identified as white (85%). CONCLUSION Although PTG did not function as a moderator within the IMV model of suicidality, it predicted lower suicidal ideation while controlling for other known predictors of suicidal ideation. Future research could explore the function of PTG in appraisal-based models of suicidality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meryem Betul Yasdiman
- Personality, Social Psychology and Health Research Group, School of Psychology, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom; Self-harm Research Group, School of Psychology, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
| | - Ellen Townsend
- Personality, Social Psychology and Health Research Group, School of Psychology, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom; Self-harm Research Group, School of Psychology, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Laura E R Blackie
- Personality, Social Psychology and Health Research Group, School of Psychology, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Long R, Chen H, Hu T, Chen Y, Cao B, Wang R, Hu F, Xu C, Yu X, Liu Y, Liu S, Zhang K, Zou H, Wang Z, Xue W, Cai Y. The association between entrapment and depression among migrant workers in China: a social rank theory based study. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:17. [PMID: 34991500 PMCID: PMC8740036 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03665-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migrant workers are a group susceptible for depression evolution due to occupational maladaptive triggers. The social rank theory illustrates the pathology process from defensive adaptation to depression, pointing out the early prevention of depression by discovering entrapment. This study aims to reveal the relationship between migrant workers' entrapment and depressive symptoms. METHODS A total of 1805 migrant workers in Shenzhen were recruited by stratified multi-stage sampling. Sample's demographic, behavioral and psychosocial characteristics were described and analyzed to reveal the relationship between entrapment and depressive symptoms. The Receiver Operator Characteristic was performed to find the optimal cut-off point of Entrapment Scale for predicting depressive symptoms. RESULTS In the binary logistic regression of sociodemographic variables, migrant workers who were married (univariate odds ratio (ORu) = 0.69, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 0.56-0.84), owned 1 or 2 children (ORu = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.58-0.86), had been working over 10 years (ORu = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.54-0.95), earned > 4999 yuan per month (ORu = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.47-0.99; multivariate odds ratio (ORm) = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.38-0.87) or with low risks of alcohol use disorders (ORu = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.34-0.75) had lower risks of depressive symptoms. After adjusted the aforementioned significant sociodemographic variables, migrant workers with severer entrapment were more likely to have depressive symptoms (adjusted odds ratio (ORa) = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.12-1.15). Besides, the study proved the reliability and validity of the Chinese version Entrapment Scale, preferring a two-dimensional structure, and 11 was the optimal cut-off value of this scale for predicting depressive symptoms among migrant workers. CONCLUSIONS This result indicates the potential value of entrapment according to the social rank theory on facilitating early prevention of migrant works' depression and the application value of Entrapment Scale for effectively measuring mental status among migrant workers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rusi Long
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Chen
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian Hu
- Shenzhen Longhua District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yaqi Chen
- Shenzhen Longhua District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bolin Cao
- grid.263488.30000 0001 0472 9649School of Media and Communication, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rongxi Wang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Hu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Xu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyue Yu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shangbin Liu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kechun Zhang
- Shenzhen Longhua District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huachun Zou
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XSchool of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China ,grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Zixin Wang
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Wenjie Xue
- Ban Song Yuan Road Community Health Service Centre, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yong Cai
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bertram T, Hoffmann Ayala D, Huber M, Brandl F, Starke G, Sorg C, Mulej Bratec S. Human threat circuits: Threats of pain, aggressive conspecific, and predator elicit distinct BOLD activations in the amygdala and hypothalamus. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1063238. [PMID: 36733415 PMCID: PMC9887727 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1063238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Threat processing, enabled by threat circuits, is supported by a remarkably conserved neural architecture across mammals. Threatening stimuli relevant for most species include the threat of being attacked by a predator or an aggressive conspecific and the threat of pain. Extensive studies in rodents have associated the threats of pain, predator attack and aggressive conspecific attack with distinct neural circuits in subregions of the amygdala, the hypothalamus and the periaqueductal gray. Bearing in mind the considerable conservation of both the anatomy of these regions and defensive behaviors across mammalian species, we hypothesized that distinct brain activity corresponding to the threats of pain, predator attack and aggressive conspecific attack would also exist in human subcortical brain regions. METHODS Forty healthy female subjects underwent fMRI scanning during aversive classical conditioning. In close analogy to rodent studies, threat stimuli consisted of painful electric shocks, a short video clip of an attacking bear and a short video clip of an attacking man. Threat processing was conceptualized as the expectation of the aversive stimulus during the presentation of the conditioned stimulus. RESULTS Our results demonstrate differential brain activations in the left and right amygdala as well as in the left hypothalamus for the threats of pain, predator attack and aggressive conspecific attack, for the first time showing distinct threat-related brain activity within the human subcortical brain. Specifically, the threat of pain showed an increase of activity in the left and right amygdala and the left hypothalamus compared to the threat of conspecific attack (pain > conspecific), and increased activity in the left amygdala compared to the threat of predator attack (pain > predator). Threat of conspecific attack revealed heightened activity in the right amygdala, both in comparison to threat of pain (conspecific > pain) and threat of predator attack (conspecific > predator). Finally, for the condition threat of predator attack we found increased activity in the bilateral amygdala and the hypothalamus when compared to threat of conspecific attack (predator > conspecific). No significant clusters were found for the contrast predator attack > pain. CONCLUSION Results suggest that threat type-specific circuits identified in rodents might be conserved in the human brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Bertram
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Hoffmann Ayala
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum Großhadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Maria Huber
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Felix Brandl
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Georg Starke
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,College of Humanities, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christian Sorg
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Satja Mulej Bratec
- Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Langer ÁI, Wardenaar K, Wigman JTW, Ulloa JL, Núñez D. A Latent Profile Analysis of Psychotic Experiences, Non-psychotic Symptoms, Suicidal Ideation and Underlying Mechanisms in a Sample of Adolescents From the General Population. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:926556. [PMID: 35832591 PMCID: PMC9271879 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.926556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychotic experiences (PEs) are prevalent in the general population, particularly in adolescents. PEs are associated with various negative outcomes such as psychotic, depressive, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorders and suicidal behavior. Recent studies in the general population have suggested that what makes PEs relevant is not so much the experiences per se, but their association with non-psychotic comorbidity and other transdiagnostic domains. Thus, there is a need for a better understanding of how PEs exist in a larger psychopathological context in adolescents. In the present study we aimed to explore this, using latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify different patterns in which PEs, psychiatric symptoms and psychological processes co-occur. LPA was conducted using data from an adolescent general population subsample (n = 335) with PEs. We conducted LPA, using measures of PEs, psychiatric symptoms and behaviors (depression, anxiety post-traumatic stress disorder and suicidal behavior) and cognitive and affective processes of entrapment/defeat and emotional regulation as manifest variables. We found that the best fit was obtained with a four-class solution that distinguished primarily between different levels of overall severity: "low symptomatology" (19.1%), "mild-moderate symptomatology" (39.4%), "moderate symptomatology" (33.7%); "high symptomatology" (7.8%). Levels of depression, post-traumatic stress symptoms and defeat/entrapment were most differentiated between classes. The high symptomatology group showed the highest scores in all psychiatric symptoms suicidal ideation, and emotional/cognitive domains, except in cognitive reappraisal. This group also showed the highest usage of emotional suppression. Our results suggest that the assessment of mental health risk in adolescents should be aware that PEs exist in a broad context of other domains of psychopathology and transdiagnostic cognitive and affective processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro I Langer
- Mind-Body Lab, Institute of Psychological Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.,Agencia Nacional de Investigaciòn y Desarrollo (ANID), Millennium Nucleus to Improve the Mental Health of Adolescents and Youths, Imhay, Santiago, Chile.,Associative Research Program, Center of Cognitive Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Klaas Wardenaar
- Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Centre for Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Johanna T W Wigman
- Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Centre for Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - José Luis Ulloa
- Agencia Nacional de Investigaciòn y Desarrollo (ANID), Millennium Nucleus to Improve the Mental Health of Adolescents and Youths, Imhay, Santiago, Chile.,Associative Research Program, Center of Cognitive Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Daniel Núñez
- Agencia Nacional de Investigaciòn y Desarrollo (ANID), Millennium Nucleus to Improve the Mental Health of Adolescents and Youths, Imhay, Santiago, Chile.,Associative Research Program, Center of Cognitive Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Harris K, Haddock G, Peters S, Gooding P. Psychometric properties of the Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale (SIDAS) in a longitudinal sample of people experiencing non-affective psychosis. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:628. [PMID: 34915870 PMCID: PMC8675490 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03639-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicidal ideation is a key precursor for suicide attempts and suicide deaths. Performing routine screening of suicide precursors can help identify people who are at high risk of death by suicide. This is, arguably, an important suicide prevention effort. The aim of this study was to assess the validity, reliability, and factor structure of the Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale (SIDAS) in a three-month longitudinal study with people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or non-affective psychosis and experiences of suicidal ideation and/or behaviours. It was predicted that the SIDAS would have high internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergent, discriminant and construct validity. METHODS Ninety-nine participants experiencing psychosis completed the SIDAS at baseline and 89 participants completed it 3 months later. Additionally, participants completed a demographic questionnaire, the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation, the Beck Hopelessness Scale, and the Defeat and Entrapment Scales. The internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity of the SIDAS were investigated in comparison to other constructs. Factor analysis was performed to examine the factor structure of the scale. RESULTS Principal component analysis yielded a theoretically coherent one-dimensional factor structure of SIDAS, suggesting good construct validity (PCA = .71). The SIDAS had high internal consistency (α = .89) and good test-retest reliability (α = .73). It was highly correlated with other self-report measures, including the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation, Beck Hopelessness Scale, Defeat and Entrapment scales, indicating excellent construct validity. CONCLUSION The SIDAS is a valid and reliable self-report instrument for assessing the severity of suicidal ideation in a population of people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or non-affective psychosis. Further research should test the psychometric properties of the scale in individuals experiencing different mental health problems in cross-cultural settings, in order to establish its broader validity, reliability, and clinical utility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamelia Harris
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Zochonis Building, Brunswick Street, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Gillian Haddock
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Zochonis Building, Brunswick Street, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, MAHSC, Manchester, UK
| | - Sarah Peters
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Zochonis Building, Brunswick Street, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Manchester Centre for Health Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Patricia Gooding
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Zochonis Building, Brunswick Street, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, MAHSC, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
The Mental Health and Syndemic Effect on Suicidal Ideation among Migrant Workers in China: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111363. [PMID: 34769881 PMCID: PMC8583422 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Migrant workers are in a socially disadvantaged position and thus suffer from more stress and mental health disorders, resulting in a high risk of suicidal ideation. This study aimed to explore the association between psychosocial problems and suicidal ideation, and the syndemic effect of concurrent psychosocial problems on suicidal ideation among migrant workers. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study and recruited 1805 migrant workers in Shenzhen, China. Each participant completed a self-administered questionnaire to report sociodemographic information and mental health status. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to explore the association between psychosocial variables and suicidal ideation, and their syndemic effect on suicidal ideation. Results: The prevalence of suicidal ideation among migrant workers was 7.5%. All selected psychosocial variables were independently associated with suicidal ideation. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that three psychosocial variables were associated with suicidal ideation: anxiety (ORm: 1783, 95% CI: 1.089–2.920), entrapment (ORm: 2.064, 95% CI: 1.257–3.388), and defeat (ORm: 2.572, 95% CI: 1.612–4.103). Various mental health issues can exist simultaneously to increase the risk of suicidal ideation (AOR: 5.762, 95% CI: 3.773–8.802). Workers with more psychosocial problems were more likely to have suicidal ideation. Conclusions: The association between poor mental health and suicidal ideation should not be overlooked among migrant workers. The co-occurring or syndemic effect of psychosocial problems may increase the risk of suicidal ideation.
Collapse
|
16
|
Zheng Y, Wu CH, Zheng XJ, Pan J. Followers' unclear demands during the COVID-19 pandemic can undermine leaders' well-being: A moderated mediation model from an entrapment perspective. APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL REVIEW-PSYCHOLOGIE APPLIQUEE-REVUE INTERNATIONALE 2021; 71:935-958. [PMID: 34898803 PMCID: PMC8652980 DOI: 10.1111/apps.12351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Although effective leaders are important for reducing employee stress during the COVID-19, limited studies have examined how follower behaviors can influence leader stress and well-being during the COVID-19. This study draws on defeat-entrapment theory to examine how followers' unclear demands during the COVID-19 consequently impact leaders' psychological states and well-being. We conducted a three-wave time-lagged investigation with a sample of 281 leaders in the United Kingdom and found that followers' unclear demands could generate feelings of entrapment in leaders, leading to decreased levels of well-being outcomes in leaders. Importantly, we found that leaders who have higher levels of leadership responsibility during the COVID-19 are likely to feel trapped by followers' unclear demands. They are also likely to face higher levels of feelings of entrapment and impaired well-being compared with leaders who have lower levels of leadership responsibility. We discuss the implications for theories and practices, as well as directions for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Zheng
- Surrey Business School, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences University of Surrey Guildford UK
| | - Chia-Huei Wu
- Management Division, Leeds University Business School University of Leeds Leeds UK.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital China Medical University Taichung Taiwan
| | | | - Jingzhou Pan
- College of Management and Economics (COME) Tianjin University Tianjin China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Xu C, Shi Y, Yu X, Chang R, Wang H, Chen H, Wang R, Liu Y, Liu S, Cai Y, Ni Y, Wang S. The syndemic condition of psychosocial problems related to depression among sexually transmitted infections patients. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12022. [PMID: 34616597 PMCID: PMC8462369 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of depression in sexually transmitted infections (STIs) patients is much higher than general public. However, studies focusing on comprehensive psychosocial effects on depression among STIs patients are limited. This study aimed to examine association of multiple psychosocial syndemic conditions with depression among STIs patients in Shanghai, China. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study and recruited 910 STIs patients from Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital. Participants self-reported their demographics and themselves completed the scales of depression, self-esteem, loneliness, social support, entrapment, defeat and interpersonal needs. Logistic regressions were performed to detect the possible contributing psychosocial factors for depression and to verify the syndemic conditions of psychosocial problems. RESULTS Of the STIs patient sample, the prevalence of depression was 17.9%. Multivariable analysis showed low-level self-esteem (odds ratio [ORm]: 2.18, 95% CI [1.19-4.00]) and social support (ORm: 2.18, 95% CI [1.37-3.46]), high-level entrapment (ORm: 6.31, 95% CI [3.75-10.62]) and defeat (ORm: 2.60, 95% CI [1.51-4.48]) increased the risk of depression. Psychosocial syndemic conditions magnified effect in fusing depression (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 11.94, 95% CI [7.70-18.53]). Participants with more than 4 psychosocial problems were about 22 times more likely to have depression (AOR: 22.12, 95% CI [13.19-37.09]). CONCLUSIONS The psychosocial problems syndemic magnifying the risk of depression was confirmed and psychosocial interventions to prevent depression is needed among STIs patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, China
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Shi
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyue Yu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruijie Chang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huwen Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongxi Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shangbin Liu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Cai
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Ni
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Suping Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Blaettler LT, Goméz Penedo JM, Grosse Holtforth M, Egloff N. Being Trapped and Seeing No Way Out - Effects of Entrapment on Treatment Outcome in an Interdisciplinary Pain Treatment. J Acad Consult Liaison Psychiatry 2021; 63:36-45. [PMID: 34224910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaclp.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Entrapment describes a feeling of being stuck in an inescapable aversive situation. This feeling often arises in the context of uncontrollable and/or chronic stress and is associated with various psychopathologies. OBJECTIVE Owing to the nature of their disease, also chronic pain, patients might experience their situation as unremitting and inescapable. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of entrapment in patients with a chronic pain disorder and the association of entrapment with treatment outcome. METHODS A total of 189 patients with a chronic pain disorder where psychological factors play a decisive role in its severity, exacerbation, and maintenance (International Classification of Diseases, ICD-10: F45.41, "Chronic pain disorder with somatic and psychologic factors") receiving inpatient care completed a set of standardized self-report questionnaires at intake and discharge of an interdisciplinary pain treatment. To analyze the effects of entrapment on pain-related interference and psychologic distress, hierarchical linear models were used. RESULTS Over treatment, reduced levels of entrapment were observed, which were associated with decreases in psychologic distress and pain-related interference at discharge. CONCLUSION Results support the relevance of entrapment in chronic pain and its treatment. To further improve interdisciplinary pain treatments, entrapment should be assessed and targeted by according interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa T Blaettler
- Division of Psychosomatic Medicine, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | | | - Martin Grosse Holtforth
- Division of Psychosomatic Medicine, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Niklaus Egloff
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Xu C, Yu X, Tsamlag L, Zhang S, Chang R, Wang H, Liu S, Wang Y, Cai Y. Evaluating the validity and reliability of the Chinese entrapment scale and the relationship to depression among men who have sex with men in Shanghai, China. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:328. [PMID: 34215241 PMCID: PMC8254295 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03333-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perception of entrapment can emerge when someone feels trapped in an aversive situation and incapable of escape. Depression is closely related to the construct of entrapment. In China, men who have sex with men (MSM) have a high prevalence of depression; therefore, a tool to evaluate entrapment in this population is needed. We evaluated the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the entrapment scale (ES) and the relationship to depression among MSM in Shanghai, China. METHODS We recruited 304 MSM from four districts in Shanghai, China. Participants completed health behavior questionnaires that included baseline information and psychological measurements such as the ES and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). The sample was randomly divided into two groups for exploratory factor analysis (n = 143) and confirmatory factor analysis (n = 161). Criterion validity was tested to explore the correlation between the ES and PHQ-9 scores. The reliability of the ES was evaluated with internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's α coefficient) and split-half reliability (Spearman-Brown coefficient). We performed hierarchical regression analysis to determine the variance explained of entrapment to predicting depressive symptoms after adjusting for sociodemographic factors. Finally, receiver operator characteristic curve analysis was performed to measure the optimal ES cut-off value for predicting depression. RESULTS Factor analysis showed the ES had one principal component, and one-dimensional scale had more acceptable model fit indices than two-dimensional model. The correlation coefficient between the ES and PHQ-9 scores was 0.756 (P < 0.01). The Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.970 and the Spearman-Brown coefficient was 0.976. ES scores significantly predicted an additional 45.1% of depressive symptoms after controlling for sociodemographic characteristics in the MSM population (β = 0.689, P < 0.001). The optimum cut-off value was 23, which had a sensitivity of 70% and a specificity of 85.4%. CONCLUSIONS The Chinese version of the ES has good validity and reliability in the MSM population in Shanghai, and can be used to evaluate perception of entrapment among MSM. The findings confirmed an association between entrapment and depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.227, South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyue Yu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.227, South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Lhakpa Tsamlag
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.227, South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxian Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.227, South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruijie Chang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.227, South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Huwen Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.227, South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangbin Liu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.227, South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.227, South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong Cai
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.227, South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
The Double Mediating Effect of Social Isolation and Emotional Support on Feelings of Entrapment and Motivation for Recovery among Korean Alcoholic Inpatients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094710. [PMID: 33925128 PMCID: PMC8125320 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
This study identified the relationship between feeling of entrapment and motivation for change among hospitalized alcoholic patients and examined the double mediating effect model of social isolation and emotional support on this relationship. The study participants were 101 male and female alcoholic patients hospitalized at C hospital, which specializes in alcohol treatment at I city in Korea. PROCESS Macro 3.5 Model 6 was used for analyses of double mediating effects. The results revealed that entrapment and social isolation were negatively correlated with motivation for recovery of alcoholic inpatients, whereas emotional support was positively correlated with it. In a sequential double mediation model for motivation to change in alcoholic inpatients, the direct effects of social isolation and entrapment were not significant. However, the sequential indirect effect of social isolation and emotional support on entrapment and motivation for recovery among alcoholic inpatients was significant. These results suggest that making alcoholic inpatients not feel socially isolated by providing them with emotional support or through other means of assistance by practitioners or family members is important for their recovery from alcohol use disorder.
Collapse
|
21
|
Kim JJ, Gerrish R, Gilbert P, Kirby JN. Stressed, depressed, and rank obsessed: Individual differences in compassion and neuroticism predispose towards rank-based depressive symptomatology. Psychol Psychother 2021; 94 Suppl 2:188-211. [PMID: 32052903 DOI: 10.1111/papt.12270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES As social creatures, we monitor our relative rank and/or status with others via social comparisons. Whilst research has identified perceptions of inferiority or 'low rank' relative to others is a robust predictor of depressive, anxious, and stress symptomology, to date individual differences have been ignored. We wish to provide empirical evidence to outline how differences across personality traits may interact with social rank variables to buffer or predispose towards depressive symptomology. METHODS Across three independent samples (N = 595), we replicated a social rank model of mental health, and with our third sample (N = 200), we sought to investigate attenuating roles for neuroticism versus compassion with multiple moderated regression models. RESULTS Neuroticism predicted greater levels of rank-associated depression, and compassion failed to function as a protective factor for rank-associated depression. However, a closer inspection of the original Big-5 factor structure positions this scale as a measure of 'interpersonal submissiveness' or 'conflict appeasement' rather than genuine compassion. CONCLUSIONS Whilst it is necessary to delineate the conditions where compassion is appropriate and able to lead to positive mental health outcomes, we argue this cannot be addressed with the Big-5 measure of trait compassion. We call for future work to consider valid and reliable measures for compassion, such as the self-compassion scale, submissive compassion scale, and fears of compassion scale, to more fully address how compassion may protect against both rank-based comparisons and severity of depression. PRACTITIONER POINTS Social rank mechanisms are robustly implicated in depression, anxiety, and stress. Clients who present as higher in neuroticism, inferiority, or submissiveness may be more prone towards rank-associated depression symptoms. Preliminary evidence suggests cultivation of genuine compassion can shift clients from a rank-focussed to a compassionate-focussed mentality, which aids mental health and fosters well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J Kim
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Compassionate Mind Research Group, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ruby Gerrish
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Compassionate Mind Research Group, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Paul Gilbert
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Compassionate Mind Research Group, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Centre for Compassion Research and Training, College of Health and Social Care Research Centre, University of Derby, UK
| | - James N Kirby
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Compassionate Mind Research Group, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ropaj E, Jones A, Dickson JM, Gill Z, Taylor PJ. Are negative beliefs about psychosis associated with emotional distress in adults and young people with such experiences? A meta-analysis. Psychol Psychother 2021; 94 Suppl 2:242-267. [PMID: 32271989 PMCID: PMC8246979 DOI: 10.1111/papt.12271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Emotional distress, including depression and anxiety, is commonly reported amongst individuals experiencing psychosis. The beliefs individuals hold about the meaning of their psychosis may explain the distress they experience. The current meta-analysis aimed to review the association between beliefs about psychosis experiences and emotional distress. METHOD Three electronic databases (PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and CINAHL) were searched using keywords and controlled vocabulary (e.g., Medical Subject Headings) from date of inception to August 2019. A total of 19 eligible papers were identified. RESULTS Our random-effects meta-analysis revealed that depression and anxiety held moderate association with psychosis beliefs, with perceptions concerning a lack of control over experiences having the strongest association with distress. Longitudinal studies suggest that negative beliefs at baseline are associated with depressive symptoms at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the endorsement of negative beliefs about psychosis is associated with current level of depression and anxiety. The results are consistent with theories of emotional distress in psychosis. However, the small number of longitudinal papers limits what can be concluded about the direction or other temporal characteristics of these relationships. Therapies that target unhelpful beliefs about psychosis may beneficial. PRACTITIONER POINTS Negative beliefs about experiences of psychosis are associated with greater emotional distress such as depression and anxiety. Beliefs about a lack of control over experiences had the strongest association with distress. Interventions that aim to modify or prevent the formation of unhelpful beliefs about psychosis may be beneficial for this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esmira Ropaj
- Department of Psychological SciencesUniversity of LiverpoolUK,Division of Psychology & Mental HealthSchool of Health SciencesManchester Academic Health Sciences CentreUniversity of ManchesterUK
| | - Andrew Jones
- Department of Psychological SciencesUniversity of LiverpoolUK
| | - Joanne M. Dickson
- Department of Psychological SciencesUniversity of LiverpoolUK,School of Arts and HumanitiesPsychology DisciplineEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Zabina Gill
- Pennine Care NHS Foundation TrustGreater ManchesterUK
| | - Peter J. Taylor
- Division of Psychology & Mental HealthSchool of Health SciencesManchester Academic Health Sciences CentreUniversity of ManchesterUK
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Pollak OH, Guzmán EM, Shin KE, Cha CB. Defeat, Entrapment, and Positive Future Thinking: Examining Key Theoretical Predictors of Suicidal Ideation Among Adolescents. Front Psychol 2021; 12:590388. [PMID: 33746823 PMCID: PMC7969632 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.590388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult-based suicide theories have determined much of what we know about suicidal ideation. Here, we investigate the extent to which elements of the Integrated Motivational-Volitional (IMV) model generalize to adolescence, a period when rates of suicidal ideation increase dramatically. In a sample of community-based adolescents (n = 74), we tested whether defeat and entrapment related to suicidal ideation, and whether poor positive future thinking abilities exacerbated this association. Consistent with the IMV model, we found that defeat/entrapment was associated specifically with history of suicidal ideation, and not with history of suicide attempt. Defeat/entrapment was related to baseline suicidal ideation severity above and beyond depressive symptoms. While defeat/entrapment predicted future suicidal ideation controlling for history of ideation, it did not do so controlling for depressive symptoms. Counter to the IMV model, we initially found that the association between defeat/entrapment and suicidal ideation was strongest among adolescents with greater positive future thinking abilities. This was driven by the tendency to imagine more positive future events, particularly those that are less realistic and achievable. These findings call for a more nuanced understanding of defeat/entrapment and positive future thinking among adolescents, particularly in how they interact to predict recurrent suicidal ideation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivia H Pollak
- Department of Clinical and Counseling Psychology, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Eleonora M Guzmán
- Department of Clinical and Counseling Psychology, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ki Eun Shin
- Department of Clinical and Counseling Psychology, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Christine B Cha
- Department of Clinical and Counseling Psychology, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Carvalho S, Caetano F, Pinto-Gouveia J, Mota-Pereira J, Maia D, Pimentel P, Priscila C, Gilbert P. Predictors of poor 6-week outcome in a cohort of major depressive disorder patients treated with antidepressant medication: the role of entrapment. Nord J Psychiatry 2021; 75:38-48. [PMID: 32646266 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2020.1790657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Only a small number of consistent processes predict which depressed patients will achieve remission with antidepressant medication. One set of processes is that of social ranking strategies/variables that are related to life events and severe difficulties. Particularly, defeat and entrapment predict poorer response to antidepressants. However, results are inconsistent. AIM The current study aimed to evaluate evolutionary strategies, childhood maltreatment, neglect and life events and difficulties (LEDs) as predictors of remission in depressed patients undergoing pharmacological treatment in a psychiatric outpatient sample. METHODS A cohort of 139 depressed outpatients undergoing pharmacological treatment was followed prospectively in a naturalistic study for 6 weeks. Two major evaluations were considered at baseline and 6 weeks. We allocated patients to a pharmacological treatment algorithm for depression - the Texas Medication Algorithm Project. Variables evaluated at baseline and tested as predictors of remission included demographic and clinical data, severity of depression, social ranking, evolution informed variables, LEDs and childhood maltreatment. RESULTS Of the 139 patients, only 24.5% were remitted at week 6. In univariate analyses, non-remitted patients scored significantly higher in all psychopathology and vulnerability scales except for submissive behaviour and internal entrapment. For the logistic regression, a higher load of LEDs of the entrapment and humiliation dimension in the year before the index episode (OR = 6.62), and higher levels external entrapment in the Entrapment Scale (OR = 1.10) predicted non-remission. These variables accounted for 28.7% of the variance. CONCLUSIONS Multivariate analysis revealed that external entrapment was the only predictor of non-remission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - José Pinto-Gouveia
- CINEICC, Faculdade de Psicologia e Ciências da Educação, Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Dulce Maia
- Departamento de Psiquiatria e Saúde Mental, Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Paulo Pimentel
- Departamento de Psiquiatria e Saúde Mental, Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | | | - Paul Gilbert
- Centre for Compassion Research and Training, College of Health and Social Care, University of Derby, Derby, UK
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lim K, Crane MF, Kansakar D. Examining the role of constrained occupational mobility in the experience of entrapment cognitions. AUSTRALIAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ap.12401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keith Lim
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Monique F. Crane
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Kansakar
- Department of Human Resource and General Management, Kathmandu University School of Management, Patan, Nepal
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Goren A. ‘Something else’ in child psychotherapy with traumatised adopted children. JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOTHERAPY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/0075417x.2020.1791228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Goren
- Family Futures CIC, Floral Place, 7-9 Northampton Grove, London N1 2PL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Russell K, Rasmussen S, Hunter SC. Does Mental Well-Being Protect against Self-Harm Thoughts and Behaviors during Adolescence? A Six-Month Prospective Investigation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E6771. [PMID: 32957474 PMCID: PMC7558682 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Mental well-being protects against the emergence of suicidal thoughts. However, it is not clear whether these findings extend to self-harm thoughts and behaviors irrespective of intent during adolescence-or why this relationship exists. The current study aimed to test predictions-informed by the integrated motivational-volitional (IMV) model of suicide-concerning the role of perceived defeat and entrapment within the link between mental well-being and self-harm risk. Young people (n = 573) from secondary schools across Scotland completed an anonymous self-report survey at two time points, six months apart, that assessed mental well-being, self-harm thoughts and behaviors, depressive symptomology and feelings of defeat and entrapment. Mental well-being was associated with reduced defeat and entrapment (internal and external) and a decrease in the likelihood that a young person would engage in self-harm thoughts and behaviors. The relationship between mental well-being and thoughts of self-harm was mediated by perceptions of defeat and entrapment (internal and external). Mental well-being was indirectly related to self-harm behaviors via decreased feelings of defeat and internal (but not external) entrapment. Taken together, these findings provide novel insights into the psychological processes linking mental well-being and self-harm risk and highlight the importance of incorporating the promotion of mental well-being within future prevention and early intervention efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Russell
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1QE, UK;
| | - Susan Rasmussen
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1QE, UK;
| | - Simon C. Hunter
- Department of Psychology, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK;
- Faculty of Education, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Rosebrock H, Chen N, Tye M, Mackinnon A, Calear AL, Batterham PJ, Maple M, Rasmussen VM, Schroeder L, Cutler H, Shand F. Study protocol for a mixed methods prospective cohort study to explore experiences of care following a suicidal crisis in the Australian healthcare system. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e033814. [PMID: 32801189 PMCID: PMC7430469 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION For individuals presenting to the emergency department (ED) for a suicide attempt, the period after discharge from hospital is marked by heightened vulnerability for further suicide attempts. Effective care following a suicidal crisis has the potential to significantly decrease this risk. The current study aims to examine the impact of the LifeSpan multilevel suicide prevention model on experiences of care following a suicidal crisis. Perspectives from healthcare consumers (individuals who have presented to the ED following a suicidal crisis), carers, and health professionals will be explored. The LifeSpan model is currently being evaluated as a high-fidelity trial in four geographically defined regions in New South Wales, Australia. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This study will use a mixed methods prospective cohort design. Quantitative data collection includes a structured survey, administered to healthcare consumers from LifeSpan sites and control sites. Two cohorts of healthcare consumers will be recruited 12 months apart with baseline assessment occurring within 18 months of the ED presentation, and follow-up 12 months after the initial assessment. Survey participants will be recruited online and through participating EDs, mental health organisations and aftercare services. Qualitative interview data from healthcare consumers, carers who have accompanied a loved one to the ED following a suicidal crisis and health professionals who provide care to people at risk of suicide will be collected concurrently with the recruitment of the first cohort of survey participants. Purposive and convenience sampling techniques will be used for recruitment of interview participants. The primary outcome for this study will be healthcare consumers' experiences of service provided at the ED. Analysis will be undertaken of the change over time within LifeSpan sites, as well as between LifeSpan sites and control sites, using mixed effects repeated measures models as principal means of data analysis. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This research has been approved by the Hunter New England Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC/17/HNE/144). Results will be disseminated via conferences and peer-reviewed journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12617000457347.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicola Chen
- Black Dog Institute, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michelle Tye
- Black Dog Institute, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Alison L Calear
- Centre for Mental Health Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Philip J Batterham
- Centre for Mental Health Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Myfanwy Maple
- School of Health, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Liz Schroeder
- Health Systems and Populations, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Henry Cutler
- Health Systems and Populations, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Fiona Shand
- Black Dog Institute, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Stenzel JS, Höller I, Rath D, Hallensleben N, Spangenberg L, Glaesmer H, Forkmann T. Do Feelings of Defeat and Entrapment Change over Time? An Investigation of the Integrated Motivational-Volitional Model of Suicidal Behaviour Using Ecological Momentary Assessments. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E4685. [PMID: 32610667 PMCID: PMC7369950 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17134685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background. Defeat and entrapment have been highlighted as major risk factors of suicidal ideation and behavior. Nevertheless, little is known about their short-term variability and their longitudinal association in real-time. Therefore, this study aims to investigate whether defeat and entrapment change over time and whether defeat predicts entrapment as stated by the integrated motivational-volitional model of suicidal behavior. (2) Methods. Healthy participants (n = 61) underwent a 7-day smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) on suicidal ideation/behavior and relevant risk factors, including defeat and entrapment and a comprehensive baseline (T0) and post (T2) assessment. (3) Results. Mean squared successive differences (MSSD) and intraclass correlations (ICC) support the temporal instability as well as within-person variability of defeat and entrapment. Multilevel analyses revealed that during EMA, defeat was positively associated with entrapment at the same measurement. However, defeat could not predict entrapment to the next measurement (approximately two hours later). (4) Conclusion. This study provides evidence on the short-term variability of defeat and entrapment highlighting that repeated measurement of defeat and entrapment-preferably in real time-is necessary in order to adequately capture the actual empirical relations of these variables and not to overlook significant within-person variability. Further research-especially within clinical samples-seems warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jana-Sophie Stenzel
- Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Inken Höller
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany; (I.H.); (D.R.)
| | - Dajana Rath
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany; (I.H.); (D.R.)
| | - Nina Hallensleben
- Department of Medical Psychology, University of Leipzig, 4109 Leipzig, Germany; (N.H.); (L.S.); (H.G.)
| | - Lena Spangenberg
- Department of Medical Psychology, University of Leipzig, 4109 Leipzig, Germany; (N.H.); (L.S.); (H.G.)
| | - Heide Glaesmer
- Department of Medical Psychology, University of Leipzig, 4109 Leipzig, Germany; (N.H.); (L.S.); (H.G.)
| | - Thomas Forkmann
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany; (I.H.); (D.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Höller I, Teismann T, Cwik JC, Glaesmer H, Spangenberg L, Hallensleben N, Paashaus L, Rath D, Schönfelder A, Juckel G, Forkmann T. Short defeat and entrapment scale: A psychometric investigation in three German samples. Compr Psychiatry 2020; 98:152160. [PMID: 32036078 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2020.152160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to validate the German version of the Short Defeat and Entrapment Scale (SDES). METHODS Validity and reliability were established in an online (N = 480), an outpatient (N = 277) and an inpatient sample (N = 296). Statistical analyses included confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) and group differences in defeat and entrapment. RESULTS For the online and the inpatient sample, the CFA indicated a two-factor solution, whereas for the outpatient sample both one- and two-factor solutions fitted the data equally well. Scale properties for the two-factor solution (defeat and entrapment subscale) were excellent. Thus, further analyses were based on this solution. For the online and the outpatient sample, suicidal ideators and suicide attempters scored significantly higher in defeat and entrapment than non-ideators and non-attempters. LIMITATIONS Limiting factors of the study were the different measures across the samples and the cross-sectional design of the study. CONCLUSION Though results were partly mixed, we found support for a two-factor solution of the instrument showing excellent psychometric properties in all three samples. The two-factor solution is further expected to have higher clinical utility than a one-factor solution. Suicidal ideators and suicide attempters in the online and outpatient sample showed higher scores in defeat and entrapment than non-ideators and non-attempters, emphasizing these two concepts as predictors for suicidal ideation. All in all, the present study supports the general validity and reliability of the SDES. However, future investigations based on prospective data are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inken Höller
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Northrhine-Westphalia, Germany.
| | - Tobias Teismann
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Psychology, Ruhr-University of Bochum, Bochum, Northrhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Jan Christopher Cwik
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Northrhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Heide Glaesmer
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
| | - Lena Spangenberg
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
| | - Nina Hallensleben
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
| | - Laura Paashaus
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Northrhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Dajana Rath
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Northrhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Antje Schönfelder
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
| | - Georg Juckel
- Research Department of Neuroscience, Ruhr-University of Bochum, Bochum, Northrhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Thomas Forkmann
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Northrhine-Westphalia, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Bonsu K, Kugbey N, Ayanore MA, Atefoe EA. Mediation effects of depression and anxiety on social support and quality of life among caregivers of persons with severe burns injury. BMC Res Notes 2019; 12:772. [PMID: 31775897 PMCID: PMC6882198 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4761-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Caregiving is associated with several psychosocial challenges including stress, depression and anxiety. These challenges have been found to have significant negative impacts on the health and wellbeing of caregivers, but the mechanisms of these effects are poorly understood. This study examined whether depression and anxiety serve as mediators between social support and quality of life caregivers of persons with severe burns injury. RESULTS A sample of 100 caregivers of persons with severe burns injury were administered questionnaires to assess their depression, anxiety, social support and quality of life. Findings show that depression and anxiety were negatively correlated with quality of life whereas social support was positively correlated with quality of life. Results further showed that only depression significantly mediated the link between social support and quality of life among the caregivers. These findings emphasize the need to screen caregivers for common mental health problems and provide them support in the caregiving process to promote their health and wellbeing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Bonsu
- Clinical Psychology Unit, 37 Military Hospital, Accra, Ghana
| | - Nuworza Kugbey
- School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region Ghana
| | - Martin Amogre Ayanore
- School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region Ghana
| | - Ethel Akpene Atefoe
- School of Medicine, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region Ghana
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chang R, Wang H, She R, Zhang S, Tsamlag L, Shen Q, Shi Y, Wang Z, Lau JTF, Wang Y, Cai Y. Feelings of Entrapment and Defeat Mediate the Association Between Self-Esteem and Depression Among Transgender Women Sex Workers in China. Front Psychol 2019; 10:2241. [PMID: 31636586 PMCID: PMC6788383 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transgender women sex workers have a high prevalence of depression. Low self-esteem and subsequent involuntary subordination (characterized by feelings of defeat and entrapment) are well-documented risk factors for depression. The object of the present study was to investigate the mediating effect of feelings of entrapment and defeat on the relationship between self-esteem and depression among transgender women sex workers in China. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in Shenyang and Guangzhou in 2017. Participants were 198 transgender women sex workers who completed a structured questionnaire assessing background characteristics, self-esteem, feelings of entrapment and defeat, and depression. Linear regression was used to test the mediation hypotheses. RESULTS Of participants, 25.25% exhibited high levels of depression. Self-esteem scores were negatively correlated with depression scores (r = -0.54, p < 0.05, R 2 adj = 0.23), defeat scores (r = -1.68, p < 0.05, R 2 adj = 0.31), and entrapment scores (r = -1.67, p < 0.05, R 2 adj = 0.25). In the mediation hypothesis model, entrapment (r = 0.21, p < 0.05) and defeat (r = 0.08, p < 0.05) had a complete mediating effect on the relationship between self-esteem (Spearman's r = -0.06, p = 0.36) and depression (R 2 adj = 0.61). CONCLUSION Feelings of entrapment and defeat mediated the association between self-esteem and depression. More focus is needed on monitoring feelings of defeat and entrapment among transgender women sex workers to mitigate the risk of depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Chang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huwen Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui She
- Center for Health Behaviors Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Shuxian Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lhakpa Tsamlag
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuming Shen
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Shi
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zixin Wang
- Center for Health Behaviors Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Joseph T. F. Lau
- Center for Health Behaviors Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Cai
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lozano Eraso L, Cardona Maya W. Ser o no ser fértil, esa es la cuestión: encuesta sobre la fertilidad masculina. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN GINECOLOGIA Y OBSTETRICIA 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gine.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
34
|
Sturman ED. An evolutionary perspective on winning, losing, and acceptance: The Development of the Defeat, Victory, and Acceptance Scale (DVAS). PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2019.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
35
|
Pizzagalli DA, Berretta S, Wooten D, Goer F, Pilobello KT, Kumar P, Murray L, Beltzer M, Boyer-Boiteau A, Alpert N, El Fakhri G, Mechawar N, Vitaliano G, Turecki G, Normandin M. Assessment of Striatal Dopamine Transporter Binding in Individuals With Major Depressive Disorder: In Vivo Positron Emission Tomography and Postmortem Evidence. JAMA Psychiatry 2019; 76:854-861. [PMID: 31042280 PMCID: PMC6495358 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.0801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Major depressive disorder (MDD) might involve dopamine (DA) reductions. The DA transporter (DAT) regulates DA clearance and neurotransmission and is sensitive to DA levels, with preclinical studies (including those involving inescapable stressors) showing that DAT density decreases when DA signaling is reduced. Despite preclinical data, evidence of reduced DAT in MDD is inconclusive. OBJECTIVE Using a highly selective DAT positron emission tomography (PET) tracer ([11C] altropane), DAT availability was probed in individuals with MDD who were not taking medication. Levels of DAT expression were also evaluated in postmortem tissues from donors with MDD who died by suicide. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cross-sectional PET study was conducted at McLean Hospital (Belmont, Massachusetts) and Massachusetts General Hospital (Boston) and enrolled consecutive individuals with MDD who were not taking medication and demographically matched healthy controls between January 2012 and March 2014. Brain tissues were obtained from the Douglas-Bell Canada Brain Bank. For the PET component, 25 individuals with current MDD who were not taking medication and 23 healthy controls recruited from McLean Hospital were included (all provided usable data). For the postmortem component, 15 individuals with depression and 14 healthy controls were considered. INTERVENTION PET scan. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Striatal and midbrain DAT binding potential was assessed. For the postmortem component, tyrosine hydroxylase and DAT levels were evaluated using Western blots. RESULTS Compared with 23 healthy controls (13 women [56.5%]; mean [SD] age, 26.49 [7.26] years), 25 individuals with MDD (19 women [76.0%]; mean [SD] age, 26.52 [5.92] years) showed significantly lower in vivo DAT availability in the bilateral putamen and ventral tegmental area (Cohen d range, -0.62 to -0.71), and both reductions were exacerbated with increasing numbers of depressive episodes. Unlike healthy controls, the MDD group failed to show an age-associated reduction in striatal DAT availability, with young individuals with MDD being indistinguishable from older healthy controls. Moreover, DAT availability in the ventral tegmental area was lowest in individuals with MDD who reported feeling trapped in stressful circumstances. Lower DAT levels (and tyrosine hydroxylase) in the putamen of MDD compared with healthy controls were replicated in postmortem analyses (Cohen d range, -0.92 to -1.15). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Major depressive disorder, particularly with recurring episodes, is characterized by decreased striatal DAT expression, which might reflect a compensatory downregulation due to low DA signaling within mesolimbic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego A. Pizzagalli
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts
| | - Sabina Berretta
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts
| | - Dustin Wooten
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Poornima Kumar
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts
| | | | | | | | - Nathanial Alpert
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Georges El Fakhri
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Naguib Mechawar
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gordana Vitaliano
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts
| | - Gustavo Turecki
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marc Normandin
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
De Beurs D, Fried EI, Wetherall K, Cleare S, O' Connor DB, Ferguson E, O'Carroll RE, O' Connor RC. Exploring the psychology of suicidal ideation: A theory driven network analysis. Behav Res Ther 2019; 120:103419. [PMID: 31238299 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2019.103419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Two leading theories within the field of suicide prevention are the interpersonal psychological theory of suicidal behaviour (IPT) and the integrated motivational-volitional (IMV) model. The IPT posits that suicidal thoughts emerge from high levels of perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness. The IMV model is a multivariate framework that conceptualizes defeat and entrapment as key drivers of suicide ideation. We applied network analysis to cross-sectional data collected as part of the Scottish Wellbeing Study, in which a nationally representative sample of 3508 young adults (18-34 years) completed a battery of psychological measures. Network analysis can help us to understand how the different theoretical components interact and how they relate to suicide ideation. Within a network that included only the core factors from both models, internal entrapment and perceived burdensomeness were most strongly related to suicide ideation. The core constructs defeat, external entrapment and thwarted belonginess were mainly related to other factors than suicide ideation. Within the network of all available psychological factors, 12 of the 20 factors were uniquely related to suicide ideation, with perceived burdensomeness, internal entrapment, depressive symptoms and history of suicide ideation explaining the most variance. None of the factors was isolated, and we identified four larger clusters: mental wellbeing, interpersonal needs, personality, and suicide-related factors. Overall, the results suggest that relationships between suicide ideation and psychological risk factors are complex, with some factors contributing direct risk, and others having indirect impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D De Beurs
- Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Otterstraat, 118-124, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - E I Fried
- Leiden University, Clinical Psychology, Netherlands
| | - K Wetherall
- Suicidal Behaviour Research Laboratory, Institute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - S Cleare
- Suicidal Behaviour Research Laboratory, Institute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, UK
| | | | - E Ferguson
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - R E O'Carroll
- Division of Psychology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, UK
| | - R C O' Connor
- Suicidal Behaviour Research Laboratory, Institute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, UK
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wetherall K, Robb KA, O'Connor RC. An Examination of Social Comparison and Suicide Ideation Through the Lens of the Integrated Motivational-Volitional Model of Suicidal Behavior. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2019; 49:167-182. [PMID: 29315750 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate whether negative social comparisons are associated with key components of the integrated motivational-volitional (IMV) model of suicidal behavior. Specifically, we investigated the relationship between negative social comparisons, suicide ideation, defeat, entrapment, socially prescribed perfectionism, and resilience. Adult participants (N = 422) completed an online survey comprised of a range of psychological measures. An initial regression analysis indicated that negative social comparisons were associated with suicide ideation. Three mediation models were tested based on the IMV model, all controlling for depressive symptoms. In the first, social comparison partially mediated the relationship between socially prescribed perfectionism and defeat. In the second, defeat mediated the relationship between negative social comparisons and entrapment, and resilience moderated the relationship when defeat was high. In the final model, entrapment mediated the relationship between defeat and suicide ideation, with resilience moderating this relationship when entrapment was high. These findings are novel and lend support to the IMV model. The clinical implications include highlighting the importance of targeting resilience given its potential association with defeat and entrapment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Wetherall
- Suicidal Behavior Research Laboratory, Academic Centre, Gartnavel Royal Hospital, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kathryn A Robb
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, General Practice and Primary Care, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Rory C O'Connor
- Suicidal Behavior Research Laboratory, Academic Centre, Gartnavel Royal Hospital, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Wetherall K, Cleare S, Eschle S, Ferguson E, O'Connor DB, O'Carroll RE, O'Connor RC. From ideation to action: Differentiating between those who think about suicide and those who attempt suicide in a national study of young adults. J Affect Disord 2018; 241:475-483. [PMID: 30149335 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.07.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although many suicide risk factors have been identified, there is still relatively little known about the factors that differentiate those who think about suicide from those who make a suicide attempt. AIMS Using the integrated motivational-volitional model (IMV) of suicidal behaviour as a framework, this study hypothesised that (i) motivational and volitional phase factors would differentiate non-suicidal controls from those who had a history of suicidal ideation or suicide attempts, and (ii) within a multivariable model only volitional phase factors would differentiate between those who had a history of suicidal ideation and those who had attempted suicide. METHOD The Scottish Wellbeing Study (n = 3508) is a nationally representative study of young people (18-34 years) recruited throughout Scotland. Using multinomial regression analysis, three groups (non-suicidal control (n = 2534), lifetime suicide ideation (n = 498) and lifetime suicide attempt (n = 403) groups) were compared on motivational and volitional phase variables. RESULTS Consistent with the IMV model, motivational and volitional phase variables differentiated the control group from both the ideation and attempt groups. Only volitional phase variables differentiated between the suicide attempt group and the suicidal ideation group in the multivariable model; with those reporting a suicide attempt being higher on acquired capability, mental imagery about death, impulsivity, and being more likely to know a friend who had made a suicide attempt. Having a family member or friend die by suicide or a family member attempt suicide did not differentiate between the groups. LIMITATIONS The findings were based on cross-sectional data derived from self-report measures. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide further support for the IMV model, and highlight potential targets for clinical intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Wetherall
- Suicidal Behaviour Research Laboratory, Institute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 0XH, UK.
| | - Seonaid Cleare
- Suicidal Behaviour Research Laboratory, Institute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 0XH, UK
| | - Sarah Eschle
- Suicidal Behaviour Research Laboratory, Institute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 0XH, UK
| | | | | | - Ronan E O'Carroll
- Division of Psychology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, UK
| | - Rory C O'Connor
- Suicidal Behaviour Research Laboratory, Institute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 0XH, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Russell K, Rasmussen S, Hunter SC. Insomnia and Nightmares as Markers of Risk for Suicidal Ideation in Young People: Investigating the Role of Defeat and Entrapment. J Clin Sleep Med 2018; 14:775-784. [PMID: 29734987 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.7104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Although converging evidence has identified sleep problems as robust predictors of suicidal ideation in young people, the psychological processes driving these associations are not yet known. The current study aimed to test predictions, informed by the Integrated Motivational-Volitional (IMV) Model of Suicidal Behavior, concerning the role of feelings of defeat and entrapment within the sleep-suicide relationship. METHODS Volunteers aged 15 to 17 years (n = 1,045) from Scottish secondary schools completed an anonymous self-report survey assessing insomnia symptoms, nightmares, suicidal ideation, depressive symptomology, and feelings of defeat and entrapment. RESULTS Both insomnia symptoms and nightmares were associated with an increased likelihood of reporting suicidal ideation (independent of depression). Perceptions of both defeat and entrapment were elevated in young people who reported clinically salient insomnia and/or nightmares, relative to those who did not. The relationship between insomnia and suicidal ideation was fully mediated by perceptions of defeat and entrapment, whereas nightmares were indirectly associated with suicidal ideation through perceptions of defeat and entrapment. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these findings provide novel insights into the psychological mechanisms linking sleep disturbance and suicidality by highlighting the role of defeat and entrapment. Clinically, these findings have the potential to improve suicide risk assessment and prevention in young people experiencing difficulties with their sleep.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Russell
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Rasmussen
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Simon C Hunter
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Faculty of Education, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Villada C, Hidalgo V, Almela M, Salvador A. Assessing Performance on an Evaluated Speaking Task. J PSYCHOPHYSIOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1027/0269-8803/a000185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Coping with social stress involves cognitive perceptions and the activation of several physiological mechanisms. Our main purpose was to examine how psychological factors such as cognitive appraisal, and particularly self-efficacy, may affect psychophysiological reactivity to social stress and young people’s performance on an evaluated speaking task. Thirty-five university students (18 men and 17 women) were exposed to the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) and a control condition in a counterbalanced order. Self-efficacy, several dimensions of trait anxiety related to social evaluation, and changes in state anxiety were assessed. Additionally, heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV) were analyzed by means of R-R and r-MSSD parameters, respectively. The results indicate that a positive self-assessment of their own ability to overcome a social threat was related to the predominance of vagal tone and better performance. However, cardiac reactivity was not related to the quality of the performance displayed. In addition, some dimensions of trait anxiety, such as cognitive anxiety and test evaluation anxiety, were negatively associated with self-efficacy and performance. These findings emphasize the relevance of self-efficacy, a key component of cognitive appraisal, in explaining psychophysiological reactivity to social stress. Furthermore, they highlight the importance of some personality characteristics, such as social evaluation anxiety, in explaining performance in specifically related stressful situations, regardless of autonomic activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Villada
- Laboratory of Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology and IDOCAL, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - Vanesa Hidalgo
- Laboratory of Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology and IDOCAL, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - Mercedes Almela
- Laboratory of Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology and IDOCAL, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - Alicia Salvador
- Laboratory of Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology and IDOCAL, University of Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Owen R, Dempsey R, Jones S, Gooding P. Defeat and Entrapment in Bipolar Disorder: Exploring the Relationship with Suicidal Ideation from a Psychological Theoretical Perspective. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2018; 48:116-128. [PMID: 28276599 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Contemporary psychological theoretical models of suicide hypothesize that defeat and entrapment underlie the development of suicidal ideation. This hypothesis has never been tested in people who experience bipolar disorder. Regression analysis revealed that defeat and entrapment significantly predicted suicidal ideation at 4-month follow-up. The relationship between defeat and suicidal ideation was mediated by total entrapment and internal entrapment, but not external entrapment. Results suggest that perceived defeat and entrapment underlie the development of prospective suicidal ideation in bipolar disorder. Findings could potentially improve the assessment of suicide risk in people who experience bipolar disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Owen
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Robert Dempsey
- Staffordshire Centre for Psychological Research, Staffordshire University, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
| | - Steven Jones
- Spectrum Centre for Mental Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Patricia Gooding
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Forkmann T, Teismann T, Stenzel JS, Glaesmer H, de Beurs D. Defeat and entrapment: more than meets the eye? Applying network analysis to estimate dimensions of highly correlated constructs. BMC Med Res Methodol 2018; 18:16. [PMID: 29370770 PMCID: PMC5785844 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-018-0470-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Defeat and entrapment have been shown to be of central relevance to the development of different disorders. However, it remains unclear whether they represent two distinct constructs or one overall latent variable. One reason for the unclarity is that traditional factor analytic techniques have trouble estimating the right number of clusters in highly correlated data. In this study, we applied a novel approach based on network analysis that can deal with correlated data to establish whether defeat and entrapment are best thought of as one or multiple constructs. METHODS Explanatory graph analysis was used to estimate the number of dimensions within the 32 items that make up the defeat and entrapment scales in two samples: an online community sample of 480 participants, and a clinical sample of 147 inpatients admitted to a psychiatric hospital after a suicidal attempt or severe suicidal crisis. Confirmatory Factor analysis (CFA) was used to test whether the proposed structure fits the data. RESULTS In both samples, bootstrapped exploratory graph analysis suggested that the defeat and entrapment items belonged to different dimensions. Within the entrapment items, two separate dimensions were detected, labelled internal and external entrapment. Defeat appeared to be multifaceted only in the online sample. When comparing the CFA outcomes of the one, two, three and four factor models, the one factor model was preferred. CONCLUSIONS Defeat and entrapment can be viewed as distinct, yet, highly associated constructs. Thus, although replication is needed, results are in line with theories differentiating between these two constructs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Forkmann
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 19, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Tobias Teismann
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jana-Sophie Stenzel
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Hospital of RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 19, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Heide Glaesmer
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Derek de Beurs
- NIVEL, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Griffiths AW, Wood AM, Tai S. The prospective role of defeat and entrapment in caregiver burden and depression amongst formal caregivers. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
44
|
Garratt EA, Chandola T, Purdam K, Wood AM. Income and Social Rank Influence UK Children's Behavioral Problems: A Longitudinal Analysis. Child Dev 2016; 88:1302-1320. [DOI: 10.1111/cdev.12649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
45
|
Galhardo A, Moura-Ramos M, Cunha M, Pinto-Gouveia J. The infertility trap: how defeat and entrapment affect depressive symptoms. Hum Reprod 2015; 31:419-26. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dev311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
46
|
Johnson J, Wood AM. Integrating Positive and Clinical Psychology: Viewing Human Functioning as Continua from Positive to Negative Can Benefit Clinical Assessment, Interventions and Understandings of Resilience. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10608-015-9728-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
47
|
A meta-analysis of perceptions of defeat and entrapment in depression, anxiety problems, posttraumatic stress disorder, and suicidality. J Affect Disord 2015; 184:149-59. [PMID: 26093034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a burgeoning literature examining perceptions of being defeated or trapped in different psychiatric disorders. The disorders most frequently examined to date are depression, anxiety problems, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and suicidality. AIMS To quantify the size and consistency of perceptions of defeat and entrapment in depression, anxiety problems, PTSD and suicidality, test for differences across psychiatric disorders, and examine potential moderators and publication bias. METHOD Random-effects meta-analyses based on Pearson's correlation coefficient r. RESULTS Forty studies were included in the meta-analysis (n = 10,072). Perceptions of defeat and entrapment were strong (around r = 0.60) and similar in size across all four psychiatric disorders. Perceptions of defeat were particularly strong in depression (r = 0.73). There was no between-study heterogeneity; therefore moderator analyses were conducted in an exploratory fashion. There was no evidence of publication bias. LIMITATIONS Analyses were cross-sectional, which precludes establishing temporal precedence or causality. Some of the meta-analyses were based on relatively small numbers of effect sizes, which may limit their generalisability. CONCLUSIONS Perceptions of defeat and entrapment are clinically important in depression, anxiety problems, PTSD, and suicidality. Similar-sized, strong relationships across four different psychiatric disorders could suggest that perceptions of defeat and entrapment are transdiagnostic constructs. The results suggest that clinicians and researchers need to become more aware of perceptions of defeat and entrapment.
Collapse
|
48
|
Lin CH, Wang FC, Lin SC, Chen CC, Huang CJ. A comparison of inpatients with anxious depression to those with nonanxious depression. Psychiatry Res 2014; 220:855-60. [PMID: 25262642 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Anxiety symptoms are common for patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Anxious depression has been considered MDD with high levels of anxiety symptoms. The objective of this study was to investigate the factors associated with anxious depression for Chinese inpatients with MDD. A total of 174 acutely ill patients were enrolled. Baseline demographic variables, suicide risk, depression severity, quality of life (QOL), and daily functional impairment were assessed. Those MDD patients with a 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) anxiety/somatization factor score≥7 were defined as anxious depression. Logistic regression was employed to examine the factors associated with anxious depression. One hundred and forty-one (81.0%) of the subjects reported anxious depression. Patients with anxious depression were more likely to have melancholic features, to be older, to experience more severe depression, to be at greater risk of suicide, to have more pain, poorer quality of life, and more severe functional impairment. Anxious depression is common in inpatients with MDD. These findings suggest that anxious depression significantly differs from nonanxious depression on several clinically relevant variables. These data add to a growing body of evidence that anxious depression is a more complex presentation of depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Hua Lin
- Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Chiang Wang
- Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chi Lin
- Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chung Chen
- Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jen Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|