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Meng Y, Liu S, Yu M, Liang H, Tong Y, Song J, Shi J, Cai W, Wu Q, Wen Z, Wang J, Guo F. The Changes of Blood and CSF Ion Levels in Depressed Patients: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:5369-5403. [PMID: 38191692 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03891-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Micronutrient deficiencies and excesses are closely related to developing and treating depression. Traditional and effective antidepressants include tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and lithium. There is no consensus on the fluctuation of zinc (Zn2+), magnesium (Mg2+), calcium (Ca2+), copper (Cu2+), iron (Fe2+), and manganese (Mn2+) ion levels in depressed individuals before and after therapy. In order to determine whether there were changes in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of these ions in depressed patients compared with healthy controls and depressed patients treated with TCAs, SSRIs, or lithium, we applied a systematic review and meta-analysis. Using the Stata 17.0 software, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the changes in ion levels in human samples from healthy controls, depressive patients, and patients treated with TCAs, SSRIs, and lithium, respectively. By searching the PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and WAN FANG databases, 75 published analyzable papers were chosen. In the blood, the levels of Zn2+ and Mg2+ in depressed patients had decreased while the Ca2+ and Cu2+ levels had increased compared to healthy controls, Fe2+ and Mn2+ levels have not significantly changed. After treatment with SSRIs, the levels of Zn2+ and Ca2+ in depressed patients increased while Cu2+ levels decreased. Mg2+ and Ca2+ levels were increased in depressed patients after Lithium treatment. The findings of the meta-analysis revealed that micronutrient levels were closely associated with the onset of depression and prompted more research into the underlying mechanisms as well as the pathophysiological and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulu Meng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Shuangshuang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Science Experiment Center, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Hongyue Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Yu Tong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Ji Song
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Jian Shi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Wen Cai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Zhifeng Wen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, China.
| | - Jialu Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, China.
| | - Feng Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.
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Zhang M, Zhi N, Feng J, Liu Y, Zhang M, Liu D, Yuan J, Dong Y, Jiang S, Ge J, Wu S, Zhao X. ITPR2 Mediated Calcium Homeostasis in Oligodendrocytes is Essential for Myelination and Involved in Depressive-Like Behavior in Adolescent Mice. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306498. [PMID: 38476116 PMCID: PMC11132048 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Ca2+ signaling is essential for oligodendrocyte (OL) development and myelin formation. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 (ITPR2) is an endoplasmic reticulum calcium channel and shows stage-dependent high levels in postmitotic oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). The role and potential mechanism of ITPR2 in OLs remain unclear. In this study, it is revealed that loss of Itpr2 in OLs disturbs Ca2+ homeostasis and inhibits myelination in adolescent mice. Animals with OL-specific deletion of Itpr2 exhibit anxiety/depressive-like behaviors and manifest with interrupted OPC proliferation, leading to fewer mature OLs in the brain. Detailed transcriptome profiling and signal pathway analysis suggest that MAPK/ERK-CDK6/cyclin D1 axis underlies the interfered cell cycle progression in Itpr2 ablated OPCs. Besides, blocking MAPK/ERK pathway significantly improves the delayed OPC differentiation and myelination in Itpr2 mutant. Notably, the resting [Ca2+]i is increased in Itpr2 ablated OPCs, with the elevation of several plasma calcium channels. Antagonists against these plasma calcium channels can normalize the resting [Ca2+]i level and enhance lineage progression in Itpr2-ablated OPCs. Together, the findings reveal novel insights for calcium homeostasis in manipulating developmental transition from OPCs to pre-OLs; additionally, the involvement of OLs-originated ITPR2 in depressive behaviors provides new therapeutic strategies to alleviate myelin-associated psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Department of NeuroscienceAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an710032P. R. China
| | - Na Zhi
- Department of NeuroscienceAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an710032P. R. China
- College of Life SciencesNorthwest UniversityXi'an710127P. R. China
| | - Jiaxiang Feng
- Department of NeuroscienceAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an710032P. R. China
| | - Yingqi Liu
- Department of NeuroscienceAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an710032P. R. China
| | - Meixia Zhang
- School of Life Science and TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049P. R. China
| | - Dingxi Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Medical CollegeXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710061P. R. China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Department of NeuroscienceAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an710032P. R. China
- College of Life SciencesNorthwest UniversityXi'an710127P. R. China
| | - Yuhao Dong
- Department of NeuroscienceAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an710032P. R. China
| | - Sufang Jiang
- Department of NeuroscienceAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an710032P. R. China
| | - Junye Ge
- Department of NeuroscienceAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an710032P. R. China
| | - Shengxi Wu
- Department of NeuroscienceAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an710032P. R. China
| | - Xianghui Zhao
- Department of NeuroscienceAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an710032P. R. China
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Huang J, Xiao X, Zhang L, Gao S, Wang X, Yang J. The effect of serum calcium on the association of depression with infertility among U.S. women. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22220. [PMID: 38045116 PMCID: PMC10692812 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explored the association between depressive symptoms and infertility among U.S. women, and the effect of serum calcium on this association. We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2018), relating to women aged 20-45 years. Depressive symptoms were determined using the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9 scores ≥10), and interview data were used to identify self-reported infertility. Of 2708 women (mean age: 32.7 ± 7.5 years), 274 were depressed and 12.0 % self-reported being "ever-infertile." Depressive symptoms were associated with infertility in multivariable logistic regression (OR, 1.62; 95 % CI, 1.11-2.38). Depressive symptoms were associated with infertility among participants who were obese (OR, 1.68; 95 % CI, 1.03-2.74), had not received psychological counseling (OR, 1.60; 95 % CI, 1.03-2.50), were antidepressant users (OR 3.22; 95 % CI, 1.15-9.00), and had high serum calcium levels (OR, 2.05; 95 % CI, 1.25-3.35). A significant interaction between serum calcium and depression was observed for infertility (P = .038, interaction likelihood ratio test). In sensitivity analyses, the association between depressive symptoms and infertility remained after excluding women aged ≥35 years (OR, 1.87; 95 % CI, 1.08-3.23), lowering the cut-off for PHQ-9 scores (≥5) (OR, 1.48; 95 % CI, 1.12-1.96), excluding women with some gynecological diseases (OR, 1.63; 95 % CI, 1.07-2.49), and using inverse probability of treatment weighting (OR, 1.64; 95 % CI, 1.17-2.31). Conclusion Our findings indicate that depression is associated with infertility among U.S. women and serum calcium may have an effect on the association. Interventions such as serum calcium reduction, weight management and psychosocial counseling for infertility treatment in individuals with depression may be integrated into routine clinical practice. Additionally, more caution could be exercised when using antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Disease-Related Gene, Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Health Science Center, Shaanxi, Xi'an 710061, China
- Ganzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, China
| | - Xuan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Disease-Related Gene, Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Health Science Center, Shaanxi, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Linyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Disease-Related Gene, Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Health Science Center, Shaanxi, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Shanfeng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Disease-Related Gene, Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Health Science Center, Shaanxi, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Disease-Related Gene, Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Health Science Center, Shaanxi, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Disease-Related Gene, Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Health Science Center, Shaanxi, Xi'an 710061, China
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Guo W, Yao X, Cui R, Yang W, Wang L. Mechanisms of paeoniaceae action as an antidepressant. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:934199. [PMID: 36844911 PMCID: PMC9944447 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.934199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Paeoniflorin (PF) has been widely used for the treatment of depression in mice models, some Chinese herbal compound containing PF on treating depression, such as Xiaoyao San, Chaihu-Shugan-San, Danggui Shaoyao San etc. Many experiments are also verifying whether PF in these powders can be used as an effective component in the treatment of depression. Therefore, in this review the antidepressant effect of PF and its mechanism of action are outlined with particular focus on the following aspects: increasing the levels of monoamine neurotransmitters, inhibiting the HPA axis, promoting neuroprotection, enhancing neurogenesis in the hippocampus, and elevating levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). This review may be helpful for the application of PF in the treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanxu Guo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ranji Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Yang
- *Correspondence: Wei Yang, ; Lei Wang,
| | - Lei Wang
- *Correspondence: Wei Yang, ; Lei Wang,
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Altered Cerebral Blood Flow in the Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13010142. [PMID: 36675803 PMCID: PMC9863421 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In chronic kidney disease (CKD), cognitive impairment is a definite complication. However, the mechanisms of how CKD leads to cognitive impairment are not clearly known. Methods: Cerebral blood flow (CBF) information was collected from 37 patients with CKD (18 in stage 3; 19 in stage 4) and 31 healthy controls (HCs). For CKD patients, we also obtained laboratory results as well as neuropsychological tests. We conducted brain perfusion imaging studies using arterial spin labeling and calculated the relationship between regional CBF changes and various clinical indicators and neuropsychological tests. We also generated receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves to explore whether CBF value changes in certain brain regions can be used to identify CKD. Results: Compared with HCs, CBF decreased in the right insula and increased in the left hippocampus in the CKD4 group; through partial correlation analysis, we found that CBF in the right insula was negatively correlated with the number connection test A (NCT-A) (r = −0.544, p = 0.024); CBF in the left hippocampus was positively correlated with blood urea nitrogen (r = 0.649, p = 0.005) and negatively correlated with serum calcium level (r = −0.646, p = 0.005). By comparing the ROC curve area, it demonstrated that altered CBF values in the right insula (AUC = 0.861, p < 0.01) and left hippocampus (AUC = 0.862, p < 0.01) have a good ability to identify CKD. Conclusions: Our study found that CBF alterations in the left hippocampus and the right insula brain of adult patients with stage 4 CKD were correlated with disease severity or laboratory indicators. These findings provide further insight into the relationship between altered cerebral perfusion and cognitive impairment in patients with non-end-stage CKD as well as, additional information the underlying neuropathophysiological mechanisms.
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Chronic Fatigue, Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Long COVID Are Strongly Predicted by Neuroimmune and Neuro-Oxidative Pathways Which Are Caused by the Inflammation during Acute Infection. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12020511. [PMID: 36675440 PMCID: PMC9865328 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12020511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term coronavirus disease 2019 (long COVID) is associated with physio-somatic (chronic fatigue syndrome and somatic symptoms) and affective (depression and anxiety) symptoms. The severity of the long COVID physio-affective phenome is largely predicted by increased peak body temperature (BT) and lowered oxygen saturation (SpO2) during the acute infectious phase. This study aims to delineate whether the association of BT and SpO2 during the acute phase and the long COVID physio-affective phenome is mediated by neurotoxicity (NT) resulting from activated immune-inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways. METHODS We recruited 86 patients with long COVID (3-4 months after the acute phase) and 39 healthy controls and assessed serum C-reactive protein (CRP), caspase 1, interleukin (IL) 1β, IL-18, IL-10, myeloperoxidase (MPO), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and calcium (Ca), as well as peak BT and SpO2 during the acute phase. RESULTS Cluster analysis revealed that a significant part (34.9%) of long COVID patients (n = 30) show a highly elevated NT index as computed based on IL-1β, IL-18, caspase 1, CRP, MPO, and AOPPs. Partial least squares analysis showed that 61.6% of the variance in the physio-affective phenome of long COVID could be explained by the NT index, lowered Ca, and peak BT/SpO2 in the acute phase and prior vaccinations with AstraZeneca or Pfizer. The most important predictors of the physio-affective phenome are Ca, CRP, IL-1β, AOPPs, and MPO. CONCLUSION The infection-immune-inflammatory core of acute COVID-19 strongly predicts the development of physio-affective symptoms 3-4 months later, and these effects are partly mediated by neuro-immune and neuro-oxidative pathways.
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Dong X, Huang R. Ferulic acid: An extraordinarily neuroprotective phenolic acid with anti-depressive properties. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 105:154355. [PMID: 35908520 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression, one of the most common mental illnesses and mood disorder syndromes, can seriously harm physical and mental health. As the pathophysiology of depression remains unclear, there is a need to find novel therapeutic agents. Ferulic acid (FA), a phenolic compound found in various Chinese herbal medicines, has anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging properties as well as a wide range of therapeutic effects against depression. PURPOSE In this review, we appraised preclinical research to fully discuss the anti-depression capacity of FA and discussed FAs' holistic characteristics that can contribute to better management of depression. STUDY DESIGN We reviewed the results of in vitro and in vivo experiments using FA to treat depression and explored the possible antidepressant pharmacological mechanisms of FA for the clinical treatment of depression. METHODS Electronic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure, were searched from the beginning of the database creation to December 2021. RESULTS Studies on the antidepressant effects of FA show that it may exert such effects through various mechanisms. These include the following: the regulation of monoamine and non-monoamine neurotransmitter levels, inhibition of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hyperfunction and neuroinflammation, promotion of hippocampal neurogenesis and upregulation brain-derived neurotrophic factor level, neuroprotection (inhibition of neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis), and downregulation of oxidative stress. CONCLUSION Preclinical studies on the antidepressant effects of FA were reviewed in this study, and research on the antidepressant mechanisms of FA was summarized, confirming that FA can exert antidepressant effects through various pharmacological mechanisms. However, more multicenter clinical case-control studies are needed to confirm the clinical efficacy of FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Dong
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning PR China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning PR China.
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Gong W, Wang K, Wang X, Chen Y, Qin X, Lu A, Guan D. Mathematical algorithm–based identification of the functional components and mechanisms in depression treatment: An example of Danggui-Shaoyao-San. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:937621. [PMID: 36072347 PMCID: PMC9441958 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.937621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression, a complex epidemiological mental disorder, affects around 350 million people worldwide. Despite the availability of antidepressants based on monoamine hypothesis of depression, most patients suffer side effects from these drugs, including psychomotor impairment and dependence liability. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is receiving more and more attention due to the advantages of high therapeutic performance and few side effects in depression treatment. However, complex multicomponents and multi-targets in TCM hinder our ability to identify the functional components and molecular mechanisms of its efficacy. In this study, we designed a novel strategy to capture the functional components and mechanisms of TCM based on a mathematical algorithm. To establish proof of principle, the TCM formula Danggui-Shaoyao-San (DSS), which possesses remarkable antidepressant effect but its functional components and mechanisms are unclear, is used as an example. According to the network motif detection algorithm, key core function motifs (CIM) of DSS in treating depression were captured, followed by a functional analysis and verification. The results demonstrated that 198 pathways were enriched by the target genes of the CIM, and 179 coincided with the enriched pathways of pathogenic genes, accounting for 90.40% of the gene enrichment pathway of the C-T network. Then the functional components group (FCG) comprising 40 components was traced from CIM based on the target coverage accumulation algorithm, after which the pathways enriched by the target genes of FCG were selected to elucidate the potential mechanisms of DSS in treating depression. Finally, the pivotal components in FCG of DSS and the related pathways were selected for experimental validation in vitro and in vivo. Our results indicated good accuracy of the proposed mathematical algorithm in sifting the FCG from the TCM formula, which provided a methodological reference for discovering functional components and interpreting molecular mechanisms of the TCM formula in treating complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxia Gong
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- National Key Clinical Specialty/Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Institute, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine and Translational Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueyuan Wang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yupeng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuemei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- *Correspondence: Xuemei Qin, ; Aiping Lu, ; Daogang Guan,
| | - Aiping Lu
- Institute of Integrated Bioinformedicine and Translational Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- *Correspondence: Xuemei Qin, ; Aiping Lu, ; Daogang Guan,
| | - Daogang Guan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xuemei Qin, ; Aiping Lu, ; Daogang Guan,
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Inflammation and Nitro-oxidative Stress as Drivers of Endocannabinoid System Aberrations in Mood Disorders and Schizophrenia. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:3485-3503. [PMID: 35347586 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02800-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is composed of the endocannabinoid ligands anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylgycerol (2-AG), their target cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2) and the enzymes involved in their synthesis and metabolism (N-acyltransferase and fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) in the case of AEA and diacylglycerol lipase (DAGL) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) in the case of 2-AG). The origins of ECS dysfunction in major neuropsychiatric disorders remain to be determined, and this paper explores the possibility that they may be associated with chronically increased nitro-oxidative stress and activated immune-inflammatory pathways, and it examines the mechanisms which might be involved. Inflammation and nitro-oxidative stress are associated with both increased CB1 expression, via increased activity of the NADPH oxidases NOX4 and NOX1, and increased CNR1 expression and DNA methylation; and CB2 upregulation via increased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, binding of the transcription factor Nrf2 to an antioxidant response element in the CNR2 promoter region and the action of miR-139. CB1 and CB2 have antagonistic effects on redox signalling, which may result from a miRNA-enabled negative feedback loop. The effects of inflammation and oxidative stress are detailed in respect of AEA and 2-AG levels, via effects on calcium homeostasis and phospholipase A2 activity; on FAAH activity, via nitrosylation/nitration of functional cysteine and/or tyrosine residues; and on 2-AG activity via effects on MGLL expression and MAGL. Finally, based on these detailed molecular neurobiological mechanisms, it is suggested that cannabidiol and dimethyl fumarate may have therapeutic potential for major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.
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Wang XL, Feng ST, Wang YT, Chen NH, Wang ZZ, Zhang Y. Paeoniflorin: A neuroprotective monoterpenoid glycoside with promising anti-depressive properties. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 90:153669. [PMID: 34334273 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression, as a prevalent and debilitating psychiatric disease, severely decreases the life quality of individuals and brings heavy burdens to the whole society. Currently, some antidepressants are applied in the treatment of severe depressive symptoms, while there are still some undesirable drawbacks. Paeoniflorin is a monoterpenoid glycoside that was firstly extracted from Paeonia lactiflora Pall, a traditional Chinese herb that is widely used in the Chinese herbal formulas for treating depression. PURPOSE This review summarized the previous pre-clinical studies of paeoniflorin in treating depression and further discussed the potential anti-depressive mechanisms for that paeoniflorin to be further explored and utilized in the treatment of depression clinically. METHODS Some electronic databases, e.g., PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure, were searched from inception until April 2021. RESULTS This review summarized the effective anti-depressive properties of paeoniflorin, which is related to its functions in the upregulation of the levels of monoaminergic neurotransmitters, inhibition of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hyperfunction, promotion of neuroprotection, promotion of hippocampus neurogenesis, and upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor level, inhibition of inflammatory reaction, downregulation of nitric oxide level, etc. CONCLUSION: This review focused on the pre-clinical studies of paeoniflorin in depression and summarized the recent development of the anti-depressive mechanisms of paeoniflorin, which approves the role of paeoniflorin plays in anti-depression. However, more high-quality pre-clinical and clinical studies are expected to be conducted in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Le Wang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Sunshine Southern Avenue, Fang-Shan District, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Si-Tong Feng
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Sunshine Southern Avenue, Fang-Shan District, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Ya-Ting Wang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Sunshine Southern Avenue, Fang-Shan District, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Nai-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian-Nong-Tan Street, Xi-Cheng District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian-Nong-Tan Street, Xi-Cheng District, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Sunshine Southern Avenue, Fang-Shan District, Beijing 102488, China.
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Delgado-Domínguez CJ, Sanz-Gómez S, López-Herradón A, Díaz Espejo B, Lamas González O, de los Santos Roig M, Berdud Godoy I, Rincón Bello A, Ramos Sánchez R. Influence of Depression and Anxiety on Hemodialysis Patients: The Value of Multidisciplinary Care. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:3544. [PMID: 33805492 PMCID: PMC8036719 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Affective disorders promote poorer outcomes in hemodialysis patients. According to the presence or not of depression/anxiety in these patients, aims were to analyze differences in sociodemographic, clinical and/or psychological factors and to identify predictors. One hundred eighty-six hemodialysis patients were classified based on their depression/anxiety status. Basal characteristics showed differences between groups where mainly male sex (Depression: OR 0.2; Anxiety: OR 0.3) albumin (Depression: OR 0.1; Anxiety: OR 0.2) and calcium levels (Depression: OR 0.5; Anxiety: OR 0.4), impaired quality of life (Depression: OR 1.4; Anxiety: OR 1.2) and psychological inflexibility (Depression: OR 1.3; Anxiety: OR 1.2) were associated (all p < 0.01) to these mental conditions. Multivariate models showed that worse quality of life (OR 1.3; p < 0.001) predicted depression while marital status (with a partner; OR 0.3; p = 0.025) and albumin levels (OR 0.1; p = 0.027) were protective factors. Depression represented a risk factor for anxiety (OR 1.2; p = 0.001), although calcium levels (OR 0.5; p = 0.039) would protect this state. Interestingly, psychological inflexibility predicted both disorders (Depression: OR 1.2, p < 0.001 and Anxiety: OR 1.1; p = 0.002). Results highlight the relevance of well-trained multidisciplinary hemodialysis units to control the influence of these factors on the presence of depression/anxiety, and thus, their impact on the patients' outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos J. Delgado-Domínguez
- Centro de Hemodiálisis San Rafael, Fresenius Medical Care Services Andalucía (FMCSA), Calle Julio Arteche, 1, 14005 Córdoba, Spain; (B.D.E.); (I.B.G.)
| | - Sergio Sanz-Gómez
- Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Sánchez Pizjuán, s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Ana López-Herradón
- Departamento Médico, Fresenius Medical Care España, Ronda de Poniente, 8, 28760 Madrid, Spain; (A.L.-H.); (O.L.G.); (A.R.B.); (R.R.S.)
| | - Beatriz Díaz Espejo
- Centro de Hemodiálisis San Rafael, Fresenius Medical Care Services Andalucía (FMCSA), Calle Julio Arteche, 1, 14005 Córdoba, Spain; (B.D.E.); (I.B.G.)
| | - Olaya Lamas González
- Departamento Médico, Fresenius Medical Care España, Ronda de Poniente, 8, 28760 Madrid, Spain; (A.L.-H.); (O.L.G.); (A.R.B.); (R.R.S.)
| | - Macarena de los Santos Roig
- Departamento de Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Campus de Cartuja, s/n, Universidad de Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain;
| | - Isabel Berdud Godoy
- Centro de Hemodiálisis San Rafael, Fresenius Medical Care Services Andalucía (FMCSA), Calle Julio Arteche, 1, 14005 Córdoba, Spain; (B.D.E.); (I.B.G.)
| | - Abraham Rincón Bello
- Departamento Médico, Fresenius Medical Care España, Ronda de Poniente, 8, 28760 Madrid, Spain; (A.L.-H.); (O.L.G.); (A.R.B.); (R.R.S.)
| | - Rosa Ramos Sánchez
- Departamento Médico, Fresenius Medical Care España, Ronda de Poniente, 8, 28760 Madrid, Spain; (A.L.-H.); (O.L.G.); (A.R.B.); (R.R.S.)
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12
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Schuster R, Winkler M, Koopmann A, Bach P, Hoffmann S, Reinhard I, Spanagel R, Bumb JM, Sommer WH, Kiefer F. Calcium Carbonate Attenuates Withdrawal and Reduces Craving: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Alcohol-Dependent Patients. Eur Addict Res 2021; 27:332-340. [PMID: 33567423 DOI: 10.1159/000512763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preclinical studies have shown that calcium seems to be the active component of the anti-craving drug acamprosate (Ca2+ bis-acetyl-homotaurinate). Clinical effects in humans have also indicated an association between increased calcium plasma concentration due to acamprosate treatment and better outcome relating to time to relapse and cumulative abstinence. In contrast, low calcium concentration in alcohol-dependent patients was related with craving for alcohol. The main goal of the trial was to investigate whether an oral calcium administration is able to affect craving, withdrawal, and relapse risk in alcohol-dependent patients. METHODS We conducted a single-blind, randomized, monocentric, controlled clinical two-arm trial in alcohol-dependent patients (Clinical Trials Registration: DRKS00011293). A total of 55 alcohol-dependent subjects received calcium carbonate (800 mg + 5 μg vitamin D) versus sodium bicarbonate (1,000 mg) daily during the 14 days of inpatient alcohol-withdrawal treatment. RESULTS Based on an intention-to-treat protocol, withdrawal intensity (assessed with CIWA-Ar) in the calcium carbonate group attenuated faster than in the sodium bicarbonate subgroup. Alcohol craving (assessed with OCDS) in the calcium carbonate subgroup was also significantly reduced versus the sodium bicarbonate subgroup. CONCLUSION Our data support earlier findings and show that treatment with calcium carbonate during alcohol withdrawal reduces symptoms of alcohol withdrawal as well as alcohol craving in a controlled clinical pilot study. Mode of actions will need to be determined to allow the further development of pharmacological interventions beyond Ca2+ bis-acetyl-homotaurinate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rilana Schuster
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany, .,Feuerlein Center on Translational Addiction Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany, .,Spinal Cord Injury Center, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany,
| | - Matthias Winkler
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anne Koopmann
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Feuerlein Center on Translational Addiction Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Bach
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Feuerlein Center on Translational Addiction Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Hoffmann
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Feuerlein Center on Translational Addiction Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Iris Reinhard
- Biostatistik, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim/Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Spanagel
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Malte Bumb
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Feuerlein Center on Translational Addiction Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang H Sommer
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Falk Kiefer
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Feuerlein Center on Translational Addiction Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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13
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Ma WX, Tang J, Lei ZW, Li CY, Zhao LQ, Lin C, Sun T, Li ZY, Jiang YH, Jia JT, Liang CZ, Liu JH, Yan LJ. Potential Biochemical Mechanisms of Brain Injury in Diabetes Mellitus. Aging Dis 2020; 11:978-987. [PMID: 32765958 PMCID: PMC7390528 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2019.0910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of this review was to summarize current biochemical mechanisms of and risk factors for diabetic brain injury. We mainly summarized mechanisms published in the past three years and focused on diabetes induced cognitive impairment, diabetes-linked Alzheimer’s disease, and diabetic stroke. We think there is a need to conduct further studies with increased sample sizes and prolonged period of follow-ups to clarify the effect of DM on brain dysfunction. Additionally, we also think that enhancing experimental reproducibility using animal models in conjunction with application of advanced devices should be considered when new experiments are designed. It is expected that further investigation of the underlying mechanisms of diabetic cognitive impairment will provide novel insights into therapeutic approaches for ameliorating diabetes-associated injury in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Xing Ma
- 1Department of Pharmaceutical, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA.,2Chemical Engineering Institute, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China.,3Technological Center, Qingdao Customs, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Tang
- 3Technological Center, Qingdao Customs, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zhi-Wen Lei
- 3Technological Center, Qingdao Customs, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Chun-Yan Li
- 1Department of Pharmaceutical, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA.,4Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Qing Zhao
- 3Technological Center, Qingdao Customs, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Chao Lin
- 3Technological Center, Qingdao Customs, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Sun
- 3Technological Center, Qingdao Customs, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zheng-Yi Li
- 3Technological Center, Qingdao Customs, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ying-Hui Jiang
- 3Technological Center, Qingdao Customs, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jun-Tao Jia
- 3Technological Center, Qingdao Customs, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Cheng-Zhu Liang
- 3Technological Center, Qingdao Customs, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jun-Hong Liu
- 2Chemical Engineering Institute, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Liang-Jun Yan
- 1Department of Pharmaceutical, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
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14
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Dershem R, Gorvin CM, Metpally RP, Krishnamurthy S, Smelser DT, Hannan FM, Carey DJ, Thakker RV, Breitwieser GE. Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia Type 1 and Autosomal-Dominant Hypocalcemia Type 1: Prevalence in a Large Healthcare Population. Am J Hum Genet 2020; 106:734-747. [PMID: 32386559 PMCID: PMC7273533 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) regulates serum calcium concentrations. CASR loss- or gain-of-function mutations cause familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia type 1 (FHH1) or autosomal-dominant hypocalcemia type 1 (ADH1), respectively, but the population prevalence of FHH1 or ADH1 is unknown. Rare CASR variants were identified in whole-exome sequences from 51,289 de-identified individuals in the DiscovEHR cohort derived from a single US healthcare system. We integrated bioinformatics pathogenicity triage, mean serum Ca concentrations, and mode of inheritance to identify potential FHH1 or ADH1 variants, and we used a Sequence Kernel Association Test (SKAT) to identify rare variant-associated diseases. We identified predicted heterozygous loss-of-function CASR variants (6 different nonsense/frameshift variants and 12 different missense variants) in 38 unrelated individuals, 21 of whom were hypercalcemic. Missense CASR variants were identified in two unrelated hypocalcemic individuals. Functional studies showed that all hypercalcemia-associated missense variants impaired heterologous expression, plasma membrane targeting, and/or signaling, whereas hypocalcemia-associated missense variants increased expression, plasma membrane targeting, and/or signaling. Thus, 38 individuals with a genetic diagnosis of FHH1 and two individuals with a genetic diagnosis of ADH1 were identified in the 51,289 cohort, giving a prevalence in this population of 74.1 per 100,000 for FHH1 and 3.9 per 100,000 for ADH1. SKAT combining all nonsense, frameshift, and missense loss-of-function variants revealed associations with cardiovascular, neurological, and other diseases. In conclusion, FHH1 is a common cause of hypercalcemia, with prevalence similar to that of primary hyperparathyroidism, and is associated with altered disease risks, whereas ADH1 is a major cause of non-surgical hypoparathyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | -
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
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15
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Al-Dujaili AH, Al-Hakeim HK, Twayej AJ, Maes M. Total and ionized calcium and magnesium are significantly lowered in drug-naïve depressed patients: effects of antidepressants and associations with immune activation. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:1493-1503. [PMID: 31292851 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00458-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with alterations in calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg), as well as circulating pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Anti-inflammatory drugs are commonly used as adjuvant treatments for MDD. However, no studies examined the effects of a combinatorial treatment with sertraline and ketoprofen, an anti-inflammatory drug, on Ca and Mg levels in MDD. The present study examined a) differences in both cations between drug-naïve MDD patients and controls, and b) the effects of sertraline and ketoprofen on Ca and Mg (both total and ionized). In the same patients, we also examined the associations between both cations and IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-18, IFN-γ, TGF-β1, zinc, and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). Clinical improvement was assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) at baseline and after follow up for 2 months. Serum Ca and Mg (total and ionized) were significantly lower in MDD patients as compared with controls, while treatment significantly increased calcium but decreased magnesium levels. There were significant and inverse correlations between the BDI-II scores from baseline to endpoint and Ca (both total and ionized), but not Mg, levels. The effects of calcium on the BDI-II score remained significant after considering the effects of zinc, IDO and an immune activation z unit-weighted composite score based on the sum of all cytokines. There was a significant and inverse association between this immune activation index and calcium levels from baseline to endpoint. In conclusion, lowered levels of both cations play a role in the pathophysiology of major depression. Antidepressant-induced increases in Ca are associated with clinical efficacy and attenuation of the immune response. The suppressant effect of antidepressants on Mg levels is probably a side effect of those drugs. New antidepressant treatments should be developed that increase the levels both Ca and Mg. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ahmed Jasim Twayej
- Pathological Analysis Department, College of Health and Medical, Al-Kafeel University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
- School of Medicine, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University, PO Box 281, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.
- IMPACT Strategic Research Center, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
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16
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Grützner TM, Sharma A, Listunova L, Bartolovic M, Weisbrod M, Roesch-Ely D. Neurocognitive performance in patients with depression compared to healthy controls: Association of clinical variables and remission state. Psychiatry Res 2019; 271:343-350. [PMID: 30529317 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) has been postulated to persist into remission. However, inconsistent definitions of clinical remission, patterns and influencing factors, isolated cognitive tasks, and the lack of appropriately matched controls (HCs) present significant limitations of previous studies. Furthermore, studies investigating cognition in partially remitted patients are particularly scarce. This study compares the cognition of MDD patients (N = 65) and HCs (N = 65), matched by one-to-one recruitment strategy for age, sex, and education (ages 19-60). The neuropsychological (NPS) performance was measured via an extensive NPS-test battery and analysed retrospectively, accounting for demographic and clinical variables. Full remission was defined as HAMD cut off ≤7, partial remission as HAMD 8-18. The findings show entire MDD group and partially remitted MDD with significantly poorer NPS performance compared to HCs, while remitted MDD patients did not differ significantly from HCs. This underscores how critical a clear definition of remission is to compare studies on MDD. The clinical variable 'number of hospitalizations' had a significant effect on cognition, whereas current symptom severity did not correlate with performance on any cognitive domain. Higher number of hospitalizations may be associated with higher burden of illness and greater neurobiological "scar effects".
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Affiliation(s)
- Thea Marianne Grützner
- Research Group Neurocognition, Department of General Psychiatry, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Voßstraße 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
| | - Anuradha Sharma
- Research Group Neurocognition, Department of General Psychiatry, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Voßstraße 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Lena Listunova
- Research Group Neurocognition, Department of General Psychiatry, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Voßstraße 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Marina Bartolovic
- Research Group Neurocognition, Department of General Psychiatry, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Voßstraße 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Weisbrod
- Research Group Neurocognition, Department of General Psychiatry, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Voßstraße 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, SRH Hospital Karlsbad-Langensteinbach, Guttmannstraße 1, 76307, Karlsbad, Germany
| | - Daniela Roesch-Ely
- Research Group Neurocognition, Department of General Psychiatry, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Voßstraße 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
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17
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Koyama H, Tachibana Y, Takaura K, Takemoto S, Morii K, Wada S, Kaneko H, Kimura M, Toyoda A. Effects of housing conditions on behaviors and biochemical parameters in juvenile cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Exp Anim 2018; 68:195-211. [PMID: 30584201 PMCID: PMC6511518 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.18-0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effects of environmental enrichment on laboratory monkeys, we studied
behavioral and physiological differences following changes in housing conditions. Ten male
and female juvenile cynomolgus monkeys were first housed in pairs for 8 weeks after
quarantine/acclimatization (singly housed) and subsequently housed alone for the next 8
weeks. Monkeys were subjected to evaluations of body weight gain, stereotypic or
affiliative behaviors, cortisol, 4-ethylphenyl sulfate (4EPS) and catecholamine
concentrations in biological samples, and blood chemistry tests under both housing
conditions. Under paired housing, the stereotypic behavioral score decreased in both
sexes, and the affiliative behavioral score increased in males and showed an increasing
trend in females. Under single housing, the stereotypic score increased in both sexes, and
the affiliative score decreased in males. Paired housing decreased serum calcium and urine
cortisol concentrations in both sexes and decreased plasma cortisol in males and plasma
4EPS concentrations in females. The stereotypic score was positively correlated with serum
calcium, plasma and urine cortisol, and plasma 4EPS concentration and negatively
correlated with the affiliative score. The feces painting score, affiliative score, and
plasma cortisol and serum calcium concentrations showed sex differences, suggesting
differences in responsiveness to environmental changes between males and females. In
conclusion, paired housing improved behavioral abnormalities in juvenile cynomolgus
monkeys, suggesting that it may be an effective environmental enrichment paradigm.
Calcium, cortisol, and 4EPS concentrations in biological samples may be useful indices for
evaluating the effects of environmental enrichment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironari Koyama
- Laboratory Animal Science Division, Astellas Research Technologies Co., Ltd., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan.,United Graduate School of Agriculture Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yuki Tachibana
- Laboratory Animal Science Division, Astellas Research Technologies Co., Ltd., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Kaoru Takaura
- Laboratory Animal Science Division, Astellas Research Technologies Co., Ltd., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Shigetoshi Takemoto
- Laboratory Animal Science Division, Astellas Research Technologies Co., Ltd., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Morii
- Laboratory Animal Science Division, Astellas Research Technologies Co., Ltd., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Sou Wada
- Laboratory Animal Science Division, Astellas Research Technologies Co., Ltd., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Hayato Kaneko
- Screening Science and Technology Division, Astellas Research Technologies Co., Ltd., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Mayuko Kimura
- Screening Science and Technology Division, Astellas Research Technologies Co., Ltd., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Atsushi Toyoda
- United Graduate School of Agriculture Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.,College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Chuou, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan
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