1
|
He X, Yu Q, Peng J, Yu J, Wu T, Qin Y, Wang S, Dong T, Liao Y, Hu C, Yang P, Yang B. Correlations between non-suicidal self-injury and problematic internet use among Chinese adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1408508. [PMID: 39135988 PMCID: PMC11317390 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1408508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) has continued to be a major issue for public health worldwide, especially among teenagers. Studies have found a certain correlation between NSSI and Problematic Internet Use (PIU). However, this relationship is still unclear among Chinese adolescents, a specific population. Hence, a meta-analysis was carried out on observational studies to explore the connection between NSSI and PIU in Chinese teenagers, aiming to provide more clarity on the correlation. Methods To identify the link between NSSI and PIU, we scoured seven digital repositories until November 16, 2023. Employing a random-effects meta-analysis framework, we delved into the association between NSSI and PIU. Additionally, we carried out subgroup evaluations to scrutinize variables including geographical location, age demographics, research methodology, diagnostic instruments, gender, and variables controlled for confounding, like symptoms of depression. For amalgamating data, STATA software (version 16) was deployed. Results In this analysis, we included 15 research papers encompassing a collective sample of 137,166 individuals. Our findings revealed a significant positive association between NSSI and PIU within the adolescent population in China, with an Odds Ratio (OR) of 2.02 and a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) ranging from 1.73 to 2.37. Notably, this correlation was markedly stronger in specific subgroups: adolescents from China's Western regions exhibited an OR of 4.22 (95% CI: 3.44, 5.18); middle school attendees had an OR of 2.09 (95% CI: 1.92, 2.28); those diagnosed with concurrent depression disorders showed an OR of 2.32 (95% CI: 1.98, 2.73); and female adolescents demonstrated an OR of 2.49 (95% CI: 2.26, 2.75), highlighting the nuanced dynamics of this relationship. Conclusion This meta-analysis indicates that PIU among adolescents is associated with an increased risk of NSSI. Our findings underscore the importance of targeting specific populations, including those in the western region of China, middle school students, adolescents with comorbid depression disorders, and female adolescents, who may be at higher risk of PIU and subsequently NSSI. These results emphasize the need for tailored interventions and preventive strategies to address these intertwined issues effectively. Systematic review registration PROSPERO, identifier CRD42024496579.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xubin He
- Chongqing Mental Health Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinyao Yu
- Chongqing Medical School, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Peng
- Chongqing Mental Health Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianghong Yu
- Chongqing Mental Health Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Taiying Wu
- Chongqing jiangbei second hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- Chongqing Mental Health Center, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Tiaoxia Dong
- Chongqing Mental Health Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Yulong Liao
- Chongqing Mental Health Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunbi Hu
- Chongqing Mental Health Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Chongqing Mental Health Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Chongqing Mental Health Center, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Duc TQ, Chi VTQ, Huyen NTH, Quang PN, Thuy BT, Nguyen Di K. Growing propensity of internet addiction among Asian college students: meta-analysis of pooled prevalence from 39 studies with over 50,000 participants. Public Health 2024; 227:250-258. [PMID: 38262230 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Rapid internet penetration and technological advancements have facilitated accessibility to internet-enabled devices globally. Since Asia lacks comprehensive data on internet addiction among college students, this review aims to estimate its pooled prevalence. STUDY DESIGN This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS Searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and MEDLINE from their inception through August 2022 using terms appropriate to internet addiction and Asian countries/territorial for publications in English peer-reviewed journals. The studies included those done on current college students and provided unambiguous indicators of the threshold of internet addiction. The pooled prevalence was calculated through a random-effects meta-analysis by RStudio software, and I2 statistic was used to assess heterogeneity. The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist was used for quality assessment. RESULTS Overall, between 2007 and 2021, 39 papers comprising 45 effect sizes and totaling 58,058 participants met the inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of internet addiction among Asian college students was 24.3% (95% confidence interval: 19.8%-29.5%, Q = 6234, df = 44, τ2 = 0.79, I2 = 99.29%), and strikingly, this percentage increased over time. A high degree of heterogeneity was seen, and no publication bias was found. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive review report on Asian college students, which found that one-fifth suffer from internet addiction. The findings emphasize the significance of multidisciplinary prevention and management strategies to mitigate the harmful effects of internet addiction. Further research is warranted to develop a standardized diagnostic tool for a more precise estimation of internet addiction among this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tran Quang Duc
- College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Vinhomes Ocean Park, Gia Lam District, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Vu Thi Quynh Chi
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, The University of Danang, 41 Le Duan, Hai Chau, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam.
| | - Nguyen Thi Hoa Huyen
- College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Vinhomes Ocean Park, Gia Lam District, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Phan Ngoc Quang
- The Center Service for Technology Science of Medi-Phar, Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 373 Ly Bon Street, Thai Binh City, Vietnam.
| | - Bui Thi Thuy
- National Institute of Nutrition, 48B Tang Bat Ho Street, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam.
| | - Khanh Nguyen Di
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Dong Nai Technology University, Nguyen Khuyen Street, Trang Dai Ward, Bien Hoa City, Vietnam.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhou H, Dang L, Wells A, Wu AMS. Risk factors for Internet Gaming Disorder: Testing the contribution of metacognitions, stress, and coping. Addict Behav 2023; 147:107836. [PMID: 37659271 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Engaging in online gaming is often considered as an avoidance strategy to cope with stress. This study aimed to test whether metacognitions make a unique contribution and which of them is/are the most salient to explaining Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) tendency after controlling for age, gender, and stress. We further explored the structure of relationships between these variables by testing a metacognitively mediated stress-IGD model. A convenience sample of 1255 Chinese young adults with gaming experience (age ranged from 18 to 27; 57.0% females) completed an anonymous online questionnaire in June 2021. Each metacognitions subscale was positively correlated with IGD tendency, whilst cognitive confidence and positive beliefs about worry were identified as the most salient dimensions among metacognitions for IGD tendency after controlling for demographics and stress. The mediation path model showed acceptable fit after implementing minor modifications. The bootstrapping results showed that the effect of stress on IGD tendency was fully mediated, with metacognitions and escape motivation as independent mediators. In the model, the paths from both positive metacognitions and uncontrollability/danger metacognitions to escape motivation (and in turn IGD) remained significant, whilst the path between cognitive confidence and IGD also remained significant. The findings suggest revisions to the stress-coping model consistent with self-regulatory executive function theory, and advance our understanding of the potential risk factors linking stress to problematic gaming. Enhancing individuals' capacity for metacognitive regulation may be an effective approach for future IGD preventive interventions among Chinese young gamers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China; Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Le Dang
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China; Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macao, China; Faculty of Teacher Education, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Adrian Wells
- School of Health Sciences, Center for New Treatment and Understanding in Mental Health (CeNTrUM), Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Anise M S Wu
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China; Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macao, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cui J, Wang Y, Liu D, Yang H. Depression and stress are associated with latent profiles of problematic social media use among college students. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1306152. [PMID: 38098636 PMCID: PMC10720731 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1306152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The previous literature has demonstrated that depression, anxiety, and stress are significant predictors of problematic social media use. However, the manifestation of problematic social media use varies, and the predictive relationship between depression, anxiety, and stress with different subgroups of problematic social media use remains unclear. The aim of this research was to evaluate latent subgroups of problematic social media use among college students and to investigate the impact of depression, anxiety, and stress on these latent subgroups. Methods A survey was carried out among college students in China using a cross-sectional approach. A total of 955 participants were included, with a mean age of 19.50 ± 1.22 years. Participants completed questionnaires containing the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). The study employed latent profile analysis (LPA) to investigate latent subgroups of Chinese college students with problematic social media use, and a robust three-step approach was used to develop predictive regression mixed models of depression, anxiety, and stress on latent subgroups. Results Problematic social media use of Chinese college students can be categorized into four latent subgroups, namely, the high-risk group, the moderate-risk with pleasure group, the moderate-risk with compulsion group, and the low-risk group. The regression model showed that there was a significant difference between the high-risk group and the low-risk group on the stress scale. There was a significant difference between the moderate-risk with pleasure group and the moderate-risk with compulsion group on the depression scale. Conclusion Problematic social media use is heterogeneous, with depression and stress being potentially key factors influencing problematic social media use. Depression would make college students more likely to be moderate-risk with compulsion problematic social media users than moderate-risk with pleasure problematic social media users, and stress would make college students more likely to be high-risk problematic social media users than low-risk problematic social media users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Cui
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
- Faculty of Teacher Education, Zunyi Normal University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dongyu Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Haibo Yang
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Social Science Laboratory of Students’ Mental Development and Learning, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cheng X, Liu J, Li J, Hu Z. COVID-19 lockdown stress and problematic social networking sites use among quarantined college students in China: A chain mediation model based on the stressor-strain-outcome framework. Addict Behav 2023; 146:107785. [PMID: 37406403 PMCID: PMC10284454 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has coincided with a global increase in problematic social networking sites use (PSNSU). By drawing on transactional stress theory and applying the stressor-strain-outcome (SSO) framework, we proposed and verified a chain mediation model to explore the mediating roles of fear of missing out (FoMO) and future anxiety (FA) in the relationship between COVID-19 lockdown stress (CL stress) and PSNSU. Our sample of 670 quarantined college students in China responded to a COVID-19 student stress questionnaire, a social network addiction scale, a fear of missing out scale, and a dark future scale. The results revealed that (1) CL stress significantly positively predicted PSNSU, (2) both FoMO and FA mediated the relationship between CL stress and PSNSU, (3) FoMO significantly positively predicted FA, and (4) a full chain mediation was observed between CL stress and PSNSU.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuang Cheng
- School of Communication, Yunnan Normal University, 1 Yuhua Area, Chenggong District, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, PR China.
| | - Jingxuan Liu
- School of Communication, Yunnan Normal University, 1 Yuhua Area, Chenggong District, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, PR China.
| | - Jun Li
- School of Finance and Economics, Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology, 18 Qiongshan Avenue, Meilan District, Haikou City 571126, Hainan Province, PR China.
| | - Ziao Hu
- School of Finance and Economics, Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology, 18 Qiongshan Avenue, Meilan District, Haikou City 571126, Hainan Province, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Amano A, Ahmed G, Nigussie K, Asfaw H, Fekadu G, Hiko A, Abdeta T, Soboka M. Internet addiction and associated factors among undergraduate students of Jimma University; Jimma, South West Ethiopia, institutional based cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:721. [PMID: 37798719 PMCID: PMC10552302 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05197-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Internet addiction affects cognitive function, has a harmful impact on students' academic performance, and increases their risk of experiencing psychological crises. OBJECTIVES Examining the prevalence of internet addiction and its contributing factors among regular undergraduate students at Jimma University in south-west Ethiopia. METHODS An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among study participants between August 1 and August 30, 2021. A total of 772 Participants were involved in the study using a multistage random sampling technique. Data was collected using pretested and structured questionnaires with self-administered techniques. The Young Internet Addiction Test (YIAT) was used to measure internet addiction. The data was entered into the computer using Epi Data version 4.6, and then it was exported to the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 25 for analysis. The association between each independent variable and the outcome variable was examined using bivariate analysis. Variables with a p-value of less than 0.25 in bivariate analysis were included in the multivariate logistic regression model to determine how each independent variable affected the outcome variable. RESULT The prevalence of internet addiction among study participants was 53.6% (95% Confidence Interval (CI)) (49.99%, 57.15%). Findings from multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested a variety of related factors had significant associations with internet addiction. Being dissatisfied with a major study, having a cumulative grade point average of a promoted grade report, using the internet for entertainment, using the internet for Facebook, using the internet for telegram, depression, social anxiety, and poor social support. CONCLUSION This study revealed a comparatively high frequency of internet addiction among study participants. Internet addiction has been linked to psychosocial, academic, and purpose-related aspects of internet use. As a result, incorporating stakeholders' efforts to improve the identified variables would be a helpful start toward lowering this high incidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulkarim Amano
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Haramaya University College of Health and Medical Sciences, Harar, Ethiopia.
| | - Gutema Ahmed
- Department of psychiatry, faculty of medicine Institute of health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Kabtamu Nigussie
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Haramaya University College of Health and Medical Sciences, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Henock Asfaw
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Haramaya University College of Health and Medical Sciences, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Gelana Fekadu
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Haramaya University College of Health and Medical Sciences, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Ahmed Hiko
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Haramaya University College of Health and Medical Sciences, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Tilahun Abdeta
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Haramaya University College of Health and Medical Sciences, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Matiwos Soboka
- Department of psychiatry, faculty of medicine Institute of health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hu Z, Zhu Y, Li J, Liu J, Fu M. The COVID-19 related stress and social network addiction among Chinese college students: A moderated mediation model. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290577. [PMID: 37624773 PMCID: PMC10456156 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on social cognitive theory and gender differences, this study verified a moderated mediation model to explore the relationship between the COVID-19 related stress (CRS) and social network addiction (SNA) and evaluate the mediating role of fear of missing out (FoMO) and the moderating role of gender. A questionnaire survey was conducted, including 702 Chinese university students.This study used PROCESS to test the hypothesis model.The results showed that the CRS significantly and positively affected the SNA of college students and FoMO played a complementary mediating role. Moreover, the analysis of the moderated mediation model showed that gender moderated the relationship between FoMO and SNA; the effect of FoMO was stronger on the SNA of male college students than that of females. The results not only enhanced our understanding of the internal influencing mechanism of the relationship between CRS and SNA but also considered gender differences. In addition, some suggestions were proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziao Hu
- School of Finance and Economics, Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology, Haikou, China
| | - Yangli Zhu
- Student Affairs Office, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Finance and Economics, Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology, Haikou, China
| | - Jiafu Liu
- Guizhou Education University, Guiyang, China
| | - Maozheng Fu
- School of Finance and Economics, Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology, Haikou, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Luo X. Effects of Social Anxiety and Subjective Well-Being on Problematic Mobile Social Media Use in First-Year University Students: The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem. Psychol Rep 2023:332941231190326. [PMID: 37471647 DOI: 10.1177/00332941231190326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Background: Problematic mobile social media use may impact college students' physical and mental health. This study aimed to elucidate the impact of social anxiety and subjective well-being on problematic mobile social media use and the mediating role of self-esteem in this relationship. Methods: A total of 387 first-year university students (39.8% females, 60.2% males; mean age = 18.74 years) were enrolled in this study and completed self-report measures of social anxiety, subjective well-being, self-esteem and problematic mobile social media use. A structural equation model was constructed and tested by AMOS 23.0 software. Results: (1) Social anxiety not only had a direct effect on problematic mobile social media use, but also had an indirect effect on problematic mobile social media use via self-esteem. (2) Subjective well-being was positively and significantly associated with self-esteem, as well as problematic mobile social media use. (3) Self-esteem played a suppressing role between subjective well-being and problematic mobile social media use. Conclusions: It is necessary to help college students reduce their social anxiety and increase their subjective happiness through appropriate ways, as this plays an important role in increasing self-esteem and reducing their problematic mobile social media use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Luo
- Mental Health Education Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Garg S, Kharb A, Verma D, Antil R, Khanna B, Sihag R, Lamba D. The mediating role of sleep quality on the relationship between internet gaming disorder and perceived stress and suicidal behaviour among Indian medical students. Gen Psychiatr 2023; 36:e100997. [PMID: 37304212 PMCID: PMC10254597 DOI: 10.1136/gpsych-2022-100997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In the recent digital era, individuals with internet gaming disorder (IGD) have reported a much higher prevalence of poor sleep quality, perceived stress and suicidal behaviour. However, the underlying mechanisms for these psychological problems remain unknown. Aims The primary aims of this study were to explore the mediating role of sleep quality on the relationship between IGD and the health outcomes of perceived stress and suicidal behaviour and to assess the prevalence and risk factors for IGD among medical students. Methods A cross-sectional study enrolling 795 medical students from two medical colleges in a rural area of North India was conducted from April to May 2022. The study participants were chosen using a stratified random sampling approach. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data, including sociodemographic and personal information and gaming characteristics. The study also included the Gaming Disorder and Hazardous Gaming Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Perceived Stress Scale-10 and the Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised to measure IGD, sleep quality, perceived stress and suicidal behaviour, respectively. Multiple logistic regression for the risk factors and Pearson's correlation test for the relationship between variables were used. Hayes' PROCESS macro for SPSS was employed to carry out mediation analysis. Results Among the 348 gamers with a mean age of 21.03 (SD 3.27) years, the prevalence of IGD was 15.23% (95% confidence interval: 11.6% to 19.4%). In the correlational analysis, small to large (r: 0.32-0.72) significant relationships between scores of IGD and other health outcomes were established. The indirect effect (B=0.300) via sleep quality accounted for 30.62% of the total effect (B=0.982) of IGD on perceived stress (partially mediated), while sleep quality (B=0.174) accounted for 27.93% of the total effect (B=0.623) of IGD on suicidal behaviour (partially mediated). The factors of being male, living in a single-parent family, using the internet for other than academic purposes (1-3 hours and more than 3 hours/day), playing games for more than 3 hours/day and playing games with violent content were associated with IGD symptoms. Conclusions Using a dimensional measure, the results specified the relationship between IGD and perceived stress and suicidal behaviour by demonstrating that sleep quality meditated them. This modifiable mediating factor can be addressed by psychotherapy to mitigate the risk of perceived stress and suicidal behaviour among the future medical workforce.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunny Garg
- Psychiatry, Bhagat Phool Singh Government Medical College for Women, Khanpur Kalan, Sonipat, Haryana, India
| | - Aakanksha Kharb
- Psychiatry, Bhagat Phool Singh Government Medical College for Women, Khanpur Kalan, Sonipat, Haryana, India
| | - Deepika Verma
- MBBS Internship, Bhagat Phool Singh Government Medical College for Women, Khanpur Kalan, Sonipat, Haryana, India
| | - Ritu Antil
- MBBS Student Final Prof, Bhagat Phool Singh Government Medical College for Women, Khanpur Kalan, Sonipat, Haryana, India
| | - Binika Khanna
- MBBS Student Final Prof, Bhagat Phool Singh Government Medical College for Women, Khanpur Kalan, Sonipat, Haryana, India
| | - Ritika Sihag
- MBBS Student Final Prof, Bhagat Phool Singh Government Medical College for Women, Khanpur Kalan, Sonipat, Haryana, India
| | - Divya Lamba
- MBBS Student Final Prof, Bhagat Phool Singh Government Medical College for Women, Khanpur Kalan, Sonipat, Haryana, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Péter L, Paksi B, Magi A, Eisinger A, Kótyuk E, Czakó A, Griffiths MD, Demetrovics Z, Andó B. Severity of behavioral addiction symptoms among young adults using non-prescribed sedatives/hypnotics. Addict Behav Rep 2023; 17:100485. [PMID: 36941849 PMCID: PMC10024082 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2023.100485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Young adulthood is considered a critical period in terms of non-medical use of sedatives/hypnotics (NMUSH) as well as different types of behavioral addictions (BAs). However, the relationship between these behaviors has received scarce attention among young adult samples. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the association between NMUSH and symptoms of distinct BAs among young adults. Materials and methods Analyses were conducted based on the data of two large sample studies (including a representative sample) carried out with young adult samples. The following BAs were assessed: problematic internet use, problematic video gaming, problematic social media use, problem gambling, exercise addiction, eating disorders, compulsive buying behavior, problematic mobile phone use, work addiction, and hair pulling. Symptoms of distinct BAs were analyzed in three groups formed based on the NMUSH: non-users, lifetime users, and current users. Results The symptoms of problematic internet use, problematic social media use, problem gambling, exercise addiction, eating disorders, compulsive buying behavior and work addiction were significantly more severe among lifetime and/or current non-medical sedative and hypnotic users, compared to the non-user participants. The symptoms of problematic mobile phone use were the most severe in the non-user group. Conclusions The results suggest co-occurrence between NMUSH and distinct BAs among young adults. These findings draw attention to the need for preventive interventions for this high-risk population.
Collapse
Key Words
- BA, behavioral addiction
- BLS, Budapest Longitudinal Study
- BWAS, Bergen Work Addiction Scale
- Behavioral addictions
- CUs, current users
- DSM‐IV‐MR‐J, Diagnostic Statistical Manual‐IV‐Adapted for Juveniles
- EAI, Exercise Addiction Inventory
- Hypnotics
- IGD, internet gaming disorder
- IGDT-10, Ten-Item Internet Gaming Disorder Test
- LUs, lifetime users
- MGH-HPS, Massachusetts General Hospital Hairpulling Scale
- NMUSH, non-medical use of sedatives/hypnotics
- NUs, non-users
- Non-medical prescription drug use
- PGA, Psychological and Genetic Factors of Addictive Behaviors Study
- PGSI, Problem Gambling Severity Index
- PIUQ, Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire
- PMPUQ-SV, Problematic Mobile Phone Use Questionnaire
- POGQ, Problematic Online Gaming Questionnaire
- RCBS, Richmond Compulsive Buying Scale
- Sedatives
- Young adults
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lea Péter
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Szeged, 8-10 Korányi fasor, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Borbála Paksi
- Institute of Education, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 23-27 Kazinczy Street, Budapest H-1075, Hungary
| | - Anna Magi
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 46 Izabella Street, Budapest H-1064, Hungary
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 46 Izabella Street, Budapest H-1064, Hungary
| | - Andrea Eisinger
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 46 Izabella Street, Budapest H-1064, Hungary
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 46 Izabella Street, Budapest H-1064, Hungary
| | - Eszter Kótyuk
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 46 Izabella Street, Budapest H-1064, Hungary
| | - Andrea Czakó
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 46 Izabella Street, Budapest H-1064, Hungary
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Europa Point Campus, Gibraltar GX11 1AA, Gibraltar
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, 50 Shakespeare Street, NG1 4FQ Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 46 Izabella Street, Budapest H-1064, Hungary
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Europa Point Campus, Gibraltar GX11 1AA, Gibraltar
| | - Bálint Andó
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Szeged, 8-10 Korányi fasor, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang K, Li P, Zhao Y, Griffiths MD, Wang J, Zhang MX. Effect of Social Media Addiction on Executive Functioning Among Young Adults: The Mediating Roles of Emotional Disturbance and Sleep Quality. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:1911-1920. [PMID: 37255996 PMCID: PMC10226546 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s414625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The increased research examining social media addiction with its negative consequences has raised concerns over the past decade. However, little research has investigated the association between social media addiction and executive functioning as well as the mechanisms underlying this relationship. Methods Using a survey, the present study examined the association between social media addiction and executive functioning via emotional disturbance and sleep quality among 1051 Chinese young adults, aged 18 to 27 years old (M=21.02 years [SD=1.89]; 34.41% male). Results The results showed that social media addiction had a significant negative association with executive functioning but positive associations with emotional disturbance and poor sleep quality. Structural equation modeling suggested that there was a significant direct effect between social media addiction and executive functioning. Indirect effects via two paths (ie, emotional disturbance alone, and both emotional disturbance and sleep quality) were also statistically significant. Discussion The findings indicate that both emotional disturbance and poor sleep quality are risk-enhancing mediators in the relationship between social media addiction and executive functioning. Intervention programs (eg, emotional regulation strategies) should be considered to reduce the adverse effects of social media addiction on cognitive impairment among young adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Zhang
- Department of Social Psychology, Zhou Enlai School of Government, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peiyu Li
- Department of Social Psychology, Zhou Enlai School of Government, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Mental Health Education Center, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG1 4FQ, UK
| | - Jingxin Wang
- Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Xuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Humanities, School of Humanities, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211189, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Peng P, Liao Y. Six addiction components of problematic social media use in relation to depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms: a latent profile analysis and network analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:321. [PMID: 37158854 PMCID: PMC10166459 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04837-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Components of addiction (salience, tolerance, mood modification, relapse, withdrawal, and conflict) is the most cited theoretical framework for problematic social media use (PSMU). However, studies criticized its ability to distinguish problematic users from engaged users. We aimed to assess the association of the six criteria with depression, anxiety, and stress at a symptom level. METHODS Ten thousand six hundred sixty-eight participants were recruited. Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) was used to detect six addiction components in PSMU. We applied the depression-anxiety-stress scale to assess mental distress. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted based on BSMAS items. Network analysis (NA) was performed to determine the symptom-symptom interaction of PSMU and mental distress. RESULTS (1) Social media users were divided into five subgroups including occasional users (10.6%, n = 1127), regular users (31.0%, n = 3309), high engagement low risk users (10.4%, n = 1115), at-risk users (38.1%, n = 4070), and problematic users (9.8%, n = 1047); (2) PSMU and mental distress varied markedly across subgroups. Problematic users had the most severe PSMU, depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. High engagement users scored high on tolerance and salience criteria of PSMU but displayed little mental distress; (3) NA showed conflict and mood modification was the bridge symptoms across the network, while salience and tolerance exhibited weak association with mental distress. CONCLUSIONS Salience and tolerance might not distinguish engaged users from problematic users. New frameworks and assessment tools focusing on the negative consequences of social media usage are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pu Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanhui Liao
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lee MHL, Kaur M, Shaker V, Yee A, Sham R, Siau CS. Cyberbullying, Social Media Addiction and Associations with Depression, Anxiety, and Stress among Medical Students in Malaysia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3136. [PMID: 36833827 PMCID: PMC9964357 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to determine the prevalence and factors associated with cyberbullying and social media addiction. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 270 medical students from a public university in Kuching, Malaysia. The instruments used in this study included the cyberbullying questionnaire survey, Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21-item (DASS-21). The prevalence of cyberbullying victimization was 24.4%, whilst 13.0% reported cyberbullying perpetration over the past six months. Male gender was positively associated with both cyberbullying perpetration and cybervictimization, whilst social media addiction was positively associated with cybervictimization. Psychological motives such as positive attitudes toward cyberbullying and gaining power were associated with cyberbullying perpetration. Cybervictimization doubled the tendency to depression (aOR 2.50, 95% CI [1.23, 5.08], p = 0.012), anxiety (aOR 2.38, 95% CI [1.29, 4.40], p = 0.006), and stress (aOR 2.85, 95% CI [1.41, 5.77], p = 0.004), whilst social media addiction was associated with a higher tendency to depression (aOR 1.18, 95% CI [1.10, 1.26], p < 0.001), anxiety (aOR 1.15, 95% CI [1.08, 1.22], p < 0.001), and stress (aOR 1.21, 95% CI [1.12, 1.32], p < 0.001). Medical schools in Malaysia need policies and guidelines against cyberbullying.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Manveen Kaur
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Vinorra Shaker
- School of Psychology, Asia Pacific University of Technology and Innovation, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Anne Yee
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Rohana Sham
- School of Business, Asia Pacific University of Technology and Innovation, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Ching Sin Siau
- Centre for Community Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
AY YILMAZ Y, AYDOĞDU F, KOÇTÜRK N. A Systematic Overview of Adolescents’ Smartphone Habits and Internet Addiction During the COVID-19 Era. PSIKIYATRIDE GUNCEL YAKLASIMLAR - CURRENT APPROACHES IN PSYCHIATRY 2022. [DOI: 10.18863/pgy.1064501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In order to prevent the spread of the virus during the Covid-19 epidemic period, measures such as maintaining social distance, quarantine practices, and keeping schools closed have been taken in many countries. In this process, individuals' internet use has also increased in order to restore interpersonal relationships that have decreased with staying at home. In addition, the transfer of educational activities, which are risky to be carried out face-to-face during the epidemic period, to online platforms, as in many countries, brought about an increase in the time spent on devices with internet providers in adolescents. For this reason, it is important to evaluate the results of studies examining the concepts of internet and smartphone addiction in relation to the use of the internet in the Covid-19 period. In this context, in this systematic review, "What is the status of adolescents' smartphone and internet addictions in the Covid-19 Era?" The question has been tried to be answered. As a result of the searches made in the databases, fourteen studies were reached and these studies were examined in depth. The findings showed that adolescents’ internet/smartphone addictions were higher than before the epidemic, the prevalence of internet/smartphone addictions increased in general, and internet/smartphone addictions were associated with adolescents' mental disorders and problems.
Collapse
|
15
|
Brailovskaia J, Krasavtseva Y, Kochetkov Y, Tour P, Margraf J. Social media use, mental health, and suicide-related outcomes in Russian women: A cross-sectional comparison between two age groups. WOMEN'S HEALTH (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 18:17455057221141292. [PMID: 36510444 PMCID: PMC9751176 DOI: 10.1177/17455057221141292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women who belong to the age group "emerging adulthood" (18 to 29 years) are vulnerable to mental health issues and suicide-related outcomes. OBJECTIVES This study investigated potential predictors of suicide-related outcomes in females emerging adulthood and compared them to older women. DESIGN AND METHODS Data of 2537 women from Russia (group "18 to 29 years": n = 1123; group "> 29 years": n = 1414) on lifetime suicide-related outcomes, (problematic) social media use, daily stress, depression and anxiety symptoms, and positive mental health were assessed via online cross-sectional surveys. RESULTS The younger group spent significantly more time on social media use than the older group. It had significantly higher levels of daily stress, problematic social media use, depression and anxiety symptoms, and suicide-related outcomes. The older group showed significantly higher levels of positive mental health. Only in the younger group, problematic social media use significantly mediated the relationship between daily stress and suicide-related outcomes in a moderated mediation analysis. Positive mental health significantly moderated the association between problematic social media use and suicide-related outcomes. Specifically, the higher the positive mental health level, the less close the link between both variables. CONCLUSION The current results reveal that young women in Russia could be at enhanced risk for daily stress, problematic social media use, and low levels of mental health. The interaction between these variables could foster suicide-related outcomes. Public governmental communication in Russia should call attention to potential negative impact of intensive social media use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Brailovskaia
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany,Julia Brailovskaia, Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstrasse 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Yulia Krasavtseva
- Department of Pedagogy and Medical Psychology, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia,Department of Psychology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia,Center for Cognitive Therapy, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Polina Tour
- Center for Cognitive Therapy, Moscow, Russia
| | - Jürgen Margraf
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lopes LS, Valentini JP, Monteiro TH, Costacurta MCDF, Soares LON, Telfar-Barnard L, Nunes PV. Problematic Social Media Use and Its Relationship with Depression or Anxiety: A Systematic Review. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY, BEHAVIOR, AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2022; 25:691-702. [DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2021.0300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Paula Villela Nunes
- Department of Psychiatry, Jundiai Medical School, Jundiai, Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry Institute, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pan L, Li J, Hu Z, Wu H. The Effect of COVID-19 Perceived Risk on Internet Addiction among College Students in China: An Empirical Study Based on the Structural Equation Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13377. [PMID: 36293960 PMCID: PMC9603053 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on COVID-19 perceived risk and Internet addiction among Chinese college students during the lockdown. On the basis of the Social Cognitive Theory, this study proposed a mediating model to evaluate the mediating role of difficulties in regulating emotion between the COVID-19 perceived risk and Internet addiction. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 690 college students during the COVID-19 lockdown in China. The results showed that the COVID-19 perceived risk was significantly positively associated with Internet addiction (r = 0.236, p < 0.001) and difficulties in emotion regulation (r = 0.220, p < 0.001), difficulties in emotion regulation was significantly positively associated with Internet addiction (r = 0.368, p < 0.001). The COVID-19 perceived risk had a significant and positive predictive effect on Internet addiction (β = 0.233, p < 0.001) among Chinese college students. The analysis of the mediation model showed that difficulties in emotion regulation partially mediated the relationship between COVID-19 perceived risk and Internet addiction (indirect effect value was 0.051 with 95% Confidence Interval ranging from 0.027 to 0.085). The findings not only enhanced our understanding of the internal influence mechanism of COVID-19 perceived risk on Internet addiction but also provided a practical basis for college education works. Finally, discussions and suggestions were provided on the basis of the results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Pan
- School of Finance and Economics, Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology, Haikou 571126, China
- Department of Education Management, Chinese International College, Dhurakij Pundit University, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Jun Li
- School of Finance and Economics, Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology, Haikou 571126, China
- Department of Education Management, Chinese International College, Dhurakij Pundit University, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Ziao Hu
- School of Finance and Economics, Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology, Haikou 571126, China
- Department of Education Management, Chinese International College, Dhurakij Pundit University, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Henan Wu
- School of Finance and Economics, Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology, Haikou 571126, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liao Z, Chen X, Huang Q, Shen H. Prevalence of gaming disorder in East Asia: A comprehensive meta-analysis. J Behav Addict 2022; 11:727-738. [PMID: 35932469 PMCID: PMC9872525 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2022.00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Asian countries are deemed to be high prevalence areas for gaming disorder (GD). This meta-analysis is the first to synthesize the overall prevalence of GD in East Asia and investigate characteristics that influence prevalence estimates. METHODS Systematic and independent searches were conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library since their inception to January 27, 2021. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality scale was used for quality assessment. A random effect model was used to calculate the overall GD prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS In total, 22 articles (26 studies) comprising 51,525 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The overall pooled prevalence of GD in East Asia was 12%, 95% CI (10%-15%); this figure was adjusted to 6%, 95% CI (3%-9%) for a representative sample. Higher prevalence was observed in males than in females (16% vs. 8%, respectively, P < 0.05). Subgroup and meta-regression analyses revealed that studies among gamers or those without random sampling reported significantly higher prevalence rates. There were no significant differences between countries/regions, sample size, quality score, proportion of males, and scale used. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of GD in East Asia is higher than that in other world regions. Future studies should extend such epidemiological research to other regions to calculate the accurate prevalence of GD to benefit the local identification, prevention, policy formulation, and treatment efforts. Considering its negative effects, effective preventive and treatment measures for GD in East Asia need greater attention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjiang Liao
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,Institute of Mental Health of Central South University, Chinese National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinxin Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,Institute of Mental Health of Central South University, Chinese National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiuping Huang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,Institute of Mental Health of Central South University, Chinese National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China,Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Hongxian Shen
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China,Institute of Mental Health of Central South University, Chinese National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China,Corresponding author. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Is the Technology Era Aging You? A Review of the Physiologic and Psychologic Toll of Technology Use. Dermatol Surg 2022; 48:978-988. [PMID: 35862680 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000003535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Technology use is at an all-time high and its potential impact on psychological and physiologic health should be explored. OBJECTIVE The objective of this narrative review was to identify the role of technology use on health and well-being. MATERIALS AND METHODS Authors performed a review of PubMed and publications of the World Health Organization, Department of Defense, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to determine the impact of technology regarding electromagnetic radiation (EM), posture and mobility, sleep disturbance, and psychological stress and well-being. RESULTS Studies on the impact of EM were conflicting, with about 45% reporting negative consequences and 55% reporting no effect. Radiofrequency EM (RF-EM) may more significantly affect fibroblasts and immature cells. Device use was implicated in worsening cognitive focus, imbalance, and sleep. Social media use affects self-esteem and mental health and is associated with up to 33% presence of addiction. Effects seem to be dose related and more pronounced in younger ages. CONCLUSION Technology use significantly affects sleep, mental health, and cognitive function. Seeking psychological help, limiting social media use, and reducing use before sleep may partially mitigate these effects. The impact of EM is undetermined, but the WHO lists RF-EM as a potential carcinogen.
Collapse
|
20
|
Liu XQ, Guo YX, Zhang WJ, Gao WJ. Influencing factors, prediction and prevention of depression in college students: A literature review. World J Psychiatry 2022; 12:860-873. [PMID: 36051603 PMCID: PMC9331452 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i7.860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The high prevalence of depression among college students has a strong negative impact on individual physical and mental health, academic development, and interpersonal communication. This paper reviewed the extant literature by identifying nonpathological factors related to college students' depression, investigating the methods of predicting depression, and exploring nonpharmaceutical interventions for college students' depression. The influencing factors of college students' depression mainly fell into four categories: biological factors, personality and psychological state, college experience, and lifestyle. The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 has exacerbated the severity of depression among college students worldwide and poses grave challenges to the prevention and treatment of depression, given that the coronavirus has spread quickly with high infection rates, and the pandemic has changed the daily routines of college life. To predict and measure mental health, more advanced methods, such as machine algorithms and artificial intelligence, have emerged in recent years apart from the traditional commonly used psychological scales. Regarding nonpharmaceutical prevention measures, both general measures and professional measures for the prevention and treatment of college students' depression were examined in this study. Students who experience depressive disorders need family support and personalized interventions at college, which should also be supplemented by professional interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy and online therapy. Through this literature review, we insist that the technology of identification, prediction, and prevention of depression among college students based on big data platforms will be extensively used in the future. Higher education institutions should understand the potential risk factors related to college students' depression and make more accurate screening and prevention available with the help of advanced technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Qiao Liu
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yu-Xin Guo
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Wen-Jie Zhang
- Graduate School of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wen-Juan Gao
- Institute of Higher Education, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Love H, May RW, Shafer J, Fincham FD, Cui M. Overparenting, emotion dysregulation, and problematic internet use among female emerging adults. JOURNAL OF APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2021.101376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
22
|
Günaydın N, Kaşko Arıcı Y, Kutlu FY, Yancar Demir E. The relationship between problematic Internet use in adolescents and emotion regulation difficulty and family Internet attitude. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 50:1135-1154. [PMID: 34536295 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The study aims to determine the relationship between problematic Internet use in adolescents and emotion regulation difficulty and family Internet attitude. The study used a descriptive and correlational design. The sample of the study consisted of 5916 students. The data were collected using the "Problematic Internet Use Scale," "Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale," "Internet Parental Style Scale." The total score on the Problematic Internet Use Scale was 55.41 ± 19.60 while the total score on the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale was 97.51 ± 17.84. Considering the Internet parental styles, it was found that 42.89% of the parents had a negligent attitude. According to the results of the logistic regression analysis performed, grade level was found to affect problematic Internet use. A highly significant correlation was found between problematic Internet use and emotional regulation difficulties and family control of family Internet attitude (p < 0.01). This study determined that adolescents' grade level and excessive Internet use of the father were effective in the problematic Internet use of the adolescents. Adolescents' difficulties in emotion regulation and the type of families' attitudes towards Internet use were associated with problematic Internet use. In accordance with these results, it can be recommended to form programs to decrease problematic Internet use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nevin Günaydın
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Yeliz Kaşko Arıcı
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Fatma Y Kutlu
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Istanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Yancar Demir
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Nguyen CTT, Yang HJ, Lee GT, Nguyen LTK, Kuo SY. Relationships of excessive internet use with depression, anxiety, and sleep quality among high school students in northern Vietnam. J Pediatr Nurs 2022; 62:e91-e97. [PMID: 34334256 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the associations of excessive internet use with depression, anxiety, and sleep quality among high school students in northern Vietnam, a country experiencing rapid economic growth. DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in a high school in northern Vietnam from July to September 2019. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were respectively assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale and the Vietnamese Anxiety Scale. Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Internet use and demographic characteristics were obtained using structured questionnaires. A multiple logistic regression was performed. RESULTS In total, 678 participants with an average age of 16.1 (standard deviation 0.9) years were included. Nearly one-third of the adolescents (30.7%) exhibited excessive internet use (> 4 h/day), 19.6% experienced depressive symptoms, 14.5% presented anxiety symptoms, and 58.8% reported poor sleep quality. Compared to non-excessive internet users, excessive internet users (> 4 h/day) experienced significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms (p = .001), anxiety (p = .008), and poorer sleep quality (p < .001). Students who were female and with fair/poor self-rated health experienced higher depression, anxiety, and poor sleep quality (p < .05). After adjusting for demographic and health-related factors, students with excessive internet use were 58% more likely to experience poor sleep quality (odds ratio, 1.58, 95% confidence interval [1.06, 2.35]). CONCLUSIONS Excessive internet use in Vietnamese high school students was significantly associated with poor sleep quality, but not with depression or anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cai Thi Thuy Nguyen
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam; School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Hao-Jan Yang
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Care and Management, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Gabrielle T Lee
- Applied Psychology, Faculty of Education, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | | | - Shu-Yu Kuo
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Krivonogova O, Krivonogova E, Poskotinova L. Heart Rate Variability, Time Estimation and Internet-Dependent Behaviour in 16-17-Year-Old Adolescents: A Study in Russian Arctic. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11060497. [PMID: 34072330 PMCID: PMC8228301 DOI: 10.3390/life11060497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Internet-dependent behaviour in adolescents can contribute to a change in the function of the nervous system, which is reflected in the violation of time perception and autonomic regulation of the heart rate. The aim of the study was to determine groups of individuals with different risks of Internet addiction (IA) in relation to heart rate variability (HRV) parameters and the efficiency of time estimation in adolescents aged 16–17 years living in the Russian Arctic. Adolescents aged 16–17 years (n = 49–32 females, 17 males) living in Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Russia) were observed. Chen Scale Internet Addiction (CIAS) was used. The duration of an individual 1 min was determined. HRV parameters were determined using the "Varicard" equipment (Russia). In 16–17-year-old adolescents with different levels of risk of developing IA, including signs of IA, we revealed a high severity of symptoms of withdrawal from Internet use, difficulty in time estimation against the background of sympathicotonia and a decrease in vagal regulation of heart rate. In individuals with minimal symptoms of withdrawal from Internet use, the total HRV and vagal activity remain higher than in those with severe withdrawal symptoms, and their time estimation remains effective.
Collapse
|
25
|
Luo T, Qin L, Cheng L, Wang S, Zhu Z, Xu J, Chen H, Liu Q, Hu M, Tong J, Hao W, Wei B, Liao Y. Determination the cut-off point for the Bergen social media addiction (BSMAS): Diagnostic contribution of the six criteria of the components model of addiction for social media disorder. J Behav Addict 2021; 10:281-290. [PMID: 34010148 PMCID: PMC8996805 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2021.00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Social media disorder (SMD) is an increasing problem, especially in adolescents. The lack of a consensual classification for SMD hinders the further development of the research field. The six components of Griffiths' biopsychosocial model of addiction have been the most widely used criteria to assess and diagnosis SMD. The Bergen social media addiction scale (BSMAS) based on Griffiths' six criteria is a widely used instrument to assess the symptoms and prevalence of SMD in populations. This study aims to: (1) determine the optimal cut-off point for the BSMAS to identify SMD among Chinese adolescents, and (2) evaluate the contribution of specific criteria to the diagnosis of SMD. METHOD Structured diagnostic interviews in a clinical sample (n = 252) were performed to determine the optimal clinical cut-off point for the BSMAS. The BSMAS was further used to investigate SMD in a community sample of 21,375 adolescents. RESULTS The BSMAS score of 24 was determined as the best cut-off score based on the gold standards of clinical diagnosis. The estimated 12-month prevalence of SMD among Chinese adolescents was 3.5%. According to conditional inference trees analysis, the criteria "mood modification", "conflict", "withdrawal", and "relapse" showed the higher predictive power for SMD diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that a BSMAS score of 24 is the optimal clinical cut-off score for future research that measure SMD and its impact on health among adolescents. Furthermore, criteria of "mood modification", "conflict", "withdrawal", and "relapse" are the most relevant to the diagnosis of SMA in Chinese adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Luo
- The Treatment Center for Addiction, Jiangxi Mental Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330029, P. R. China,Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, P. R. China
| | - Lixia Qin
- Department of Psychology, Hospital of Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Limei Cheng
- Department of Psychology Yingtan People’s Hospital, Yingtan, 335000, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Wang
- The Treatment Center for Addiction, Jiangxi Mental Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330029, P. R. China
| | - Zijun Zhu
- The Treatment Center for Addiction, Jiangxi Mental Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330029, P. R. China
| | - Jiabing Xu
- The Treatment Center for Addiction, Jiangxi Mental Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330029, P. R. China
| | - Haibo Chen
- The Treatment Center for Addiction, Jiangxi Mental Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330029, P. R. China
| | - Qiaosheng Liu
- Department of Psychology, Jiangxi Mental Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330029, P. R. China
| | - Maorong Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, P. R. China
| | - Jianqin Tong
- Department of Psychology Yingtan People’s Hospital, Yingtan, 335000, P. R. China
| | - Wei Hao
- Department of Psychiatry, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, P. R. China
| | - Bo Wei
- The Treatment Center for Addiction, Jiangxi Mental Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330029, P. R. China,Corresponding authors. E-mail:
| | - Yanhui Liao
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, P. R. China,Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, P. R. China,Corresponding authors. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Testing the Influence of Social Axioms on Internet Gaming Disorder Tendency with a Cross-Lagged Panel Model: a One-Year Longitudinal Study. Int J Ment Health Addict 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-021-00532-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
27
|
|
28
|
Li JB, Wu AM, Feng LF, Deng Y, Li JH, Chen YX, Mai JC, Mo PK, Lau JT. Classification of probable online social networking addiction: A latent profile analysis from a large-scale survey among Chinese adolescents. J Behav Addict 2020; 9:698-708. [PMID: 32829311 PMCID: PMC8943659 DOI: 10.1556/jba-9-698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Problematic online social networking use is prevalent among adolescents, but consensus about the instruments and their optimal cut-off points is lacking. This study derived an optimal cut-off point for the validated Online Social Networking Addiction (OSNA) scale to identify probable OSNA cases among Chinese adolescents. METHODS A survey recruited 4,951 adolescent online social networking users. Latent profile analysis (LPA) and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses were applied to the validated 8-item OSNA scale to determine its optimal cut-off point. RESULTS The 3-class model was selected by multiple criteria, and validated in a randomly split-half subsample. Accordingly, participants were categorized into the low risk (36.4%), average risk (50.4%), and high risk (13.2%) groups. The highest risk group was regarded as "cases" and the rest as "non-cases", serving as the reference standard in ROC analysis, which identified an optimal cut-off point of 23 (sensitivity: 97.2%, specificity: 95.2%). The cut-off point was used to classify participants into positive (probable case: 17:0%) and negative groups according to their OSNA scores. The positive group (probable cases) reported significantly longer duration and higher intensity of online social networking use, and higher prevalence of Internet addiction than the negative group. CONCLUSIONS The classification strategy and results are potentially useful for future research that measure problematic online social networking use and its impact on health among adolescents. The approach can facilitate research that requires cut-off points of screening tools but gold standards are unavailable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Bin Li
- Department of Clinical Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P.R.China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P. R.China
- Center for Health Behaviours Research, The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P.R.China
| | - Anise M.S. Wu
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, P.R.China
| | - Li-Fen Feng
- Department of Statistics, Government Affairs Service Center of Health Commission of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510060, P.R.China
| | - Yang Deng
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R.China
| | - Jing-Hua Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R.China
| | - Yu-Xia Chen
- Department of Psychological Health Research, Center for Health Promotion of Primary and Secondary School of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, P.R.China
| | - Jin-Chen Mai
- Department of Psychological Health Research, Center for Health Promotion of Primary and Secondary School of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, P.R.China
| | - Phoenix K.H. Mo
- Center for Health Behaviours Research, The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P.R.China
| | - Joseph T.F. Lau
- Center for Health Behaviours Research, The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P.R.China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Pan YC, Chiu YC, Lin YH. Systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiology of internet addiction. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 118:612-622. [PMID: 32853626 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The field of internet addiction has experienced significant debates on conflicting epidemiology. This meta-analysis investigated the prevalence rates of generalized internet addiction (GIA) and internet gaming disorder (IGD). METHODS We included 113 epidemiologic studies covering 693,306 subjects published from 1996 to 2018 (for 31 nations) that reported prevalence rates for GIA or IGD. We examined pooled prevalence of GIA and IGD and the hypothesized moderators including year, geographic regions, types of scales, and sample representativeness. RESULTS All 133 effect sizes included 53,184 subjects with GIA or IGD. Weighted average prevalence for GIA and IGD were 7.02 % (95 % CI, 6.09 %-8.08 %) and 2.47 % (95 % CI, 1.46 %-4.16 %) respectively. For GIA, prevalence was increased over time and prevalence rates variated among different scales. IGD prevalence was neither moderated by year, regions, nor sample representativeness. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of GIA was higher than the prevalence of IGD. The GIA prevalence was increasing over time and variated with different assessments. Our results reveal that GIA may reflect a pattern of increasing human-machine interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Chien Pan
- Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chuan Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lin
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Li JB, Wu AM, Feng LF, Deng Y, Li JH, Chen YX, Mai JC, Mo PK, Lau JT. Classification of probable online social networking addiction: A latent profile analysis from a large-scale survey among Chinese adolescents. J Behav Addict 2020; 9:698-708. [PMID: 32829311 PMCID: PMC8943659 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2020.00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Problematic online social networking use is prevalent among adolescents, but consensus about the instruments and their optimal cut-off points is lacking. This study derived an optimal cut-off point for the validated Online Social Networking Addiction (OSNA) scale to identify probable OSNA cases among Chinese adolescents. METHODS A survey recruited 4,951 adolescent online social networking users. Latent profile analysis (LPA) and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses were applied to the validated 8-item OSNA scale to determine its optimal cut-off point. RESULTS The 3-class model was selected by multiple criteria, and validated in a randomly split-half subsample. Accordingly, participants were categorized into the low risk (36.4%), average risk (50.4%), and high risk (13.2%) groups. The highest risk group was regarded as "cases" and the rest as "non-cases", serving as the reference standard in ROC analysis, which identified an optimal cut-off point of 23 (sensitivity: 97.2%, specificity: 95.2%). The cut-off point was used to classify participants into positive (probable case: 17:0%) and negative groups according to their OSNA scores. The positive group (probable cases) reported significantly longer duration and higher intensity of online social networking use, and higher prevalence of Internet addiction than the negative group. CONCLUSIONS The classification strategy and results are potentially useful for future research that measure problematic online social networking use and its impact on health among adolescents. The approach can facilitate research that requires cut-off points of screening tools but gold standards are unavailable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Bin Li
- Department of Clinical Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, P.R.China,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, P. R.China,Center for Health Behaviours Research, The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P.R.China,Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Anise M.S. Wu
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, P.R.China
| | - Li-Fen Feng
- Department of Statistics, Government Affairs Service Center of Health Commission of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510060, P.R.China
| | - Yang Deng
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R.China
| | - Jing-Hua Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, P.R.China
| | - Yu-Xia Chen
- Department of Psychological Health Research, Center for Health Promotion of Primary and Secondary School of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, P.R.China
| | - Jin-Chen Mai
- Department of Psychological Health Research, Center for Health Promotion of Primary and Secondary School of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, P.R.China
| | - Phoenix K.H. Mo
- Center for Health Behaviours Research, The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P.R.China,Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Joseph T.F. Lau
- Center for Health Behaviours Research, The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P.R.China,Corresponding author. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Prevalence of Internet Addiction and Gaming Disorders in Southeast Asia: A Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17072582. [PMID: 32283803 PMCID: PMC7177828 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17072582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This meta-analytic review aimed to examine the pooled prevalence rates of Internet addiction and gaming disorders in Southeast Asia. Several databases including PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Central were searched and a total of 24 studies were included in this study. The selection of studies was conducted in accordance to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Two meta-analyses were conducted to examine data on Internet addiction and gaming disorders separately. A random-effects model was employed to derive the pooled prevalence rate. Mixed-effects meta-regression and subgroup analyses were performed to examine the moderators of the between-study heterogeneity. Publication bias was tested using the Egger's regression test and funnel plot. Only seven out of the 11 Southeast Asian countries were represented in the literature. All except for two of the included studies were cross-sectional in nature. The findings revealed a pooled prevalence rate of 20.0% (95% confidence interval: 14.5%-27.0%) and 10.1% (95% confidence interval: 7.3%-13.8%) for Internet addiction and gaming disorders respectively. Mean age and study population were significant moderators of the between-study heterogeneity in the prevalence rates of gaming disorders such that samples involving older participants showed higher prevalence rate than those involving younger individuals. Country of study was found to be significant moderator of the between-heterogeneity for both Internet addiction and gaming disorders, however the findings should be interpreted with caution due to the small and unbalanced sample sizes. There was no significant publication bias. Such epidemiology research should be extended to the Southeast Asian countries that have not been studied or are under-studied. Given that the prevalence rates appear to be higher in Southeast Asia than in other world regions, future research should also explore the factors behind these inter-regional differences. Further longitudinal studies should also be conducted to examine the trajectories of such disorders.
Collapse
|
32
|
Relationships between Severity of Internet Gaming Disorder, Severity of Problematic Social Media Use, Sleep Quality and Psychological Distress. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17061879. [PMID: 32183188 PMCID: PMC7143464 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17061879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Internet gaming and social media use are prevalent and integral to many people's lives. However, excessive engagement in either could lead to negative health impacts. This study aimed to investigate relationships between severities of internet gaming disorder (IGD) and problematic social media use (operationalized as social media addiction; SMA) with sleep quality and psychological distress among young adults. A cross-sectional study with snowball sampling was conducted among Hong Kong university students in 2019. All participants (n = 300; mean (SD) age = 20.89 (1.48); 122 males (40.67%)) responded to an online survey that included Chinese versions of the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS9-SF), Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21). Multiple linear regressions demonstrated that IGDS-SF9 scores demonstrated associations with psychological distress measures (standardized coefficient (β) = 0.295 for depression, 0.325 for anxiety, 0.339 for stress, all p < 0.001). BSMAS scores showed similar albeit numerically less robust associations (β = 0.235 for depression, p < 0.001; 0.219 for anxiety, p = 0.001; 0.262 for stress, p < 0.001). BSMAS scores demonstrated associations with poorer sleep quality (β = 0.292; p < 0.001) and IGDS9-SF scores (β = 0.157; p = 0.024) showed a significantly less robust association (p = 0.01 for comparing the two βs). These findings suggest that both severities of IGD and SMA associate with more psychological distress and poorer sleep quality, although the strengths of associations may differ.
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhang MX, Wang X, Yu SM, Wu AMS. Purpose in life, social support, and internet gaming disorder among Chinese university students: A 1-year follow-up study. Addict Behav 2019; 99:106070. [PMID: 31430620 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Given the high prevalence of Internet gaming disorder (IGD) among university students and the beneficial effects of positive psychological factors on mental illness, the present longitudinal research aimed to investigate whether purpose in life and social support yields long-term results in protecting university students from IGD. METHODS We recruited 469 Chinese university students to voluntarily fill out an anonymous questionnaire at baseline, and 283 of them were followed up and given similar measures after one year. RESULTS The prevalence of probable IGD at the baseline and follow-up surveys was 14.8% and 9.9% respectively. Purpose in life and social support were negatively correlated with IGD symptoms in both surveys (p < .05). The results of a cross-lagged analysis showed that purpose in life, but not social support, assessed at baseline predicted fewer IGD symptoms at follow-up (p < .001). In addition, social support and purpose in life predicted one another across time. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of probable IGD was high among Chinese university students. Purpose in life was shown to be an effective significant protective factor against IGD, while the effect of social support might be indirect. Positive psychology interventions, which promote the search for and attainment life purpose, may be incorporated in school-based program for IGD prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xuan Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Xinrui Wang
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Shu M Yu
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Anise M S Wu
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Fang S, Wang XQ, Yang BX, Liu XJ, Morris DL, Yu SH. Survey of Chinese persons managing depressive symptoms: Help-seeking behaviours and their influencing factors. Compr Psychiatry 2019; 95:152127. [PMID: 31669791 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore help-seeking behaviours of Chinese persons managing depressive symptoms and factors that influence these behaviours. METHODS A survey of residents living in communities in Wuhan, China was conducted using stratified random sampling. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2), the Actual Help-Seeking Questionnaire (AHSQ) and a socio-demographic questionnaire were completed by participants. Descriptive statistics were analyzed. A multiple linear regression model was used to explore factors associated with help-seeking behaviours. RESULTS Of the 1785 respondents, 672 (37.6%) reported that they experienced depressive symptoms during the past year, and of these respondents, 517 (76.9%) indicated that they sought assistance. Among help-seeking sources utilized by participants, informal help was sought most frequently (72.9%), followed by hotline/Internet assistance (14.3%), mental health professionals (MHPs) (7.9%) and general physicians (GPs) (3.7%). The results of multilinear regression analysis showed that participants who were adults (aged 25-64 years), attended junior and high school (7-12 years education), and lived in urban areas were more likely to seek additional assistance for their depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION Mental health promotion and education efforts are needed to improve the public's mental health literacy and to promote appropriate utilization of informal sources of assistance in managing depressive symptoms such as a hotline or the Internet. Further interventions need to be considered to reinforce use of social supports and mental health professionals, especially in rural areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Fang
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, China
| | | | | | - Xiu Jun Liu
- Affiliated Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong, University of Science & Technology, China
| | - Diana L Morris
- Florence Cellar Associate Professor of Gerontological Nursing, Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, University Center on Aging & Health, Case Western Reserve University, USA
| | - Si Hong Yu
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Dang DL, Zhang MX, Leong KKH, Wu AMS. The Predictive Value of Emotional Intelligence for Internet Gaming Disorder: A 1-Year Longitudinal Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E2762. [PMID: 31382434 PMCID: PMC6696303 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16152762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This one-year longitudinal study examined trait emotional intelligence as a predictor of Internet gaming disorder (IGD). To date, only cross-sectional research has been conducted to test the protective effects of emotional intelligence against IGD tendency. Based on the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model, this study aimed to address the research gap by examining not only the direct effects of trait emotional intelligence, but also its indirect effects (via depressive symptoms and coping flexibility) on IGD, with both a cross-sectional and longitudinal design. The participants were 282 Chinese university students (mean age = 20.47; 39.4% males) who voluntarily completed an anonymous questionnaire at both baseline (W1) and one-year follow-up (W2). Path analysis results revealed that trait emotional intelligence had a protective but indirect effect on IGD tendency in both our cross-sectional and longitudinal data. Depression was found to have a significant, full mediating effect on the relationship between: (i) trait emotional intelligence and IGD tendency (W2) and (ii) coping flexibility and IGD tendency (W2), after adjusting for IGD tendency at the baseline (W1). Gender invariance of the path coefficient was also observed in the prospective model. This study provided longitudinal evidence to support the I-PACE model. Interventions should address both IGD and depressive symptoms, and school-based workshops to increase emotional intelligence and coping flexibility are also recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Della L Dang
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao, China
- Faculty of Teacher Education, Pingdingshan University, South Weilai Road, Xinhua District, Pingdingshan 467000, Henan, China
| | - Meng Xuan Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Karlas Kin-Hei Leong
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Anise M S Wu
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao, China.
| |
Collapse
|