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Rosenwasser Y, Berger I, Loewy ZG. Therapeutic Approaches for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Exacerbations. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11121513. [PMID: 36558847 PMCID: PMC9784349 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11121513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive pulmonary disorder underpinned by poorly reversible airflow resulting from chronic bronchitis or emphysema. The prevalence and mortality of COPD continue to increase. Pharmacotherapy for patients with COPD has included antibiotics, bronchodilators, and anti-inflammatory corticosteroids (but with little success). Oral diseases have long been established as clinical risk factors for developing respiratory diseases. The establishment of a very similar microbiome in the mouth and the lung confirms the oral-lung connection. The aspiration of pathogenic microbes from the oral cavity has been implicated in several respiratory diseases, including pneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This review focuses on current and future pharmacotherapeutic approaches for COPD exacerbation including antimicrobials, mucoregulators, the use of bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs, modifying epigenetic marks, and modulating dysbiosis of the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehudis Rosenwasser
- College of Pharmacy, Touro University, 230 West 125th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Irene Berger
- College of Pharmacy, Touro University, 230 West 125th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Zvi G. Loewy
- College of Pharmacy, Touro University, 230 West 125th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA
- School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-646-981-4718
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2
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Verheyen M, Puschkarow M, Gnipp S, Koesling D, Peters M, Mergia E. The differential roles of the two NO-GC isoforms in adjusting airway reactivity. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 323:L450-L463. [PMID: 35972838 PMCID: PMC9529264 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00404.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The enzyme, nitric oxide-sensitive guanylyl cyclase (NO-GC), is activated by binding NO to its prosthetic heme group and catalyzes the formation of cGMP. The NO-GC is primarily known to mediate vascular smooth muscle relaxation in the lung, and inhaled NO has been successfully used as a selective pulmonary vasodilator. In comparison, NO-GC’s impact on the regulation of airway tone is less acknowledged and, most importantly, little is known about the issue that NO-GC signaling is accomplished by two isoforms: NO-GC1 and NO-GC2, implying the existence of distinct “cGMP pools.” Herein, we investigated the functional role of the NO-GC isoforms in respiration by measuring lung function parameters of isoform-specific knockout (KO) mice using noninvasive and invasive techniques. Our data revealed the participation and ongoing influence of NO-GC1-derived cGMP in the regulation of airway tone by showing that respiratory resistance was enhanced in NO-GC1-KOs and increased more pronouncedly after the challenge with the bronchoconstrictor methacholine. The tissue resistance and stiffness of NO-GC1-KOs were also higher because of narrowed airways that cause tissue distortion. Contrariwise, NO-GC2-KOs displayed reduced tissue elasticity, elastic recoil, and airway reactivity to methacholine, which did not even increase in an ovalbumin model of asthma that induced hyperresponsiveness in NO-GC1-KOs. In addition, conscious NO-GC2-KOs showed a higher breathing rate with a shorter duration of inspiration and expiration time, which remained faster even in the presence of bronchoconstrictors that slow down breathing. Thus, we provide evidence of two distinct NO/cGMP pathways in airways, accomplished by either NO-GC1 or NO-GC2, adjusting differentially the airway reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte Verheyen
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Michelle Puschkarow
- Department of Experimental Pneumology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, NRW, Germany
| | - Stefanie Gnipp
- Department of Experimental Pneumology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, NRW, Germany
| | - Doris Koesling
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Marcus Peters
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, NRW, Germany
| | - Evanthia Mergia
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Ling Y, Shi J, Ma Q, Yang Q, Rong Y, He J, Chen M. Vasodilatory Effect of Guanxinning Tablet on Rabbit Thoracic Aorta is Modulated by Both Endothelium-Dependent and -Independent Mechanism. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:754527. [PMID: 34925014 PMCID: PMC8672209 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.754527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vasodilatory therapy plays an important role in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, especially hypertension and coronary heart disease. Previous research found that Guanxinning tablet (GXNT), a traditional Chinese compound preparation composed of Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen) and Ligusticum chuanxiong (Chuanxiong), increase blood flow in the arteries, but whether vasodilation plays a role in this effect remains unclear. Here, we found that GXNT significantly alleviated the vasoconstriction of isolated rabbit thoracic aorta induced by phenylephrine (PE), norepinephrine (NE), and KCl in a dose-dependent manner with or without endothelial cells (ECs). Changes in calcium ion levels in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) showed that both intracellular calcium release and extracellular calcium influx through receptor-dependent calcium channel (ROC) declined with GXNT treatment. Experiments to examine potassium channels suggested that endothelium-denuded vessels were also regulated by calcium-activated potassium channels (Kca) and ATP-related potassium channels (KATP) but not voltage-gated potassium channels (kv) and inward rectifying potassium channels (KIR). For endothelium-intact vessels, the nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) contents in vascular tissue obviously increased after GXNT treatment, and pretreatment with the NO synthase inhibitor Nw-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) or guanylyl cyclase inhibitor methylthionine chloride (MB) significantly inhibited vasodilation. An assessment of NO-related pathway protein expression revealed that GXNT enhanced the expression of phosphorylated endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) in a dose-dependent manner but had no effect on total eNOS, p-Akt, Akt, or PI3K levels in human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs). In addition to PI3K/AKT signaling, Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM)-Ca2+/CaM-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) signaling is a major signal transduction pathway involved in eNOS activation in ECs. Further results showed that free calcium ion levels were decreased in HUVECs with GXNT treatment, accompanied by an increase in p-CaMKII expression, implying an increase in the Ca2+/CaM-Ca2+/CaMKII cascade. Taken together, these findings suggest that the GXNT may have exerted their vasodilative effect by activating the endothelial CaMKII/eNOS signaling pathway in endothelium-intact rings and calcium-related ion channels in endothelium-denuded vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ling
- Animal Experimental Research Center, Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiajun Shi
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Quanxin Ma
- Animal Experimental Research Center, Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinqin Yang
- Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yili Rong
- Animal Experimental Research Center, Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiangmin He
- The Department of Medicine, Chiatai Qingchunbao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Minli Chen
- Animal Experimental Research Center, Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Circulatory Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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4
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Bayarri MA, Milara J, Estornut C, Cortijo J. Nitric Oxide System and Bronchial Epithelium: More Than a Barrier. Front Physiol 2021; 12:687381. [PMID: 34276407 PMCID: PMC8279772 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.687381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway epithelium forms a physical barrier that protects the lung from the entrance of inhaled allergens, irritants, or microorganisms. This epithelial structure is maintained by tight junctions, adherens junctions and desmosomes that prevent the diffusion of soluble mediators or proteins between apical and basolateral cell surfaces. This apical junctional complex also participates in several signaling pathways involved in gene expression, cell proliferation and cell differentiation. In addition, the airway epithelium can produce chemokines and cytokines that trigger the activation of the immune response. Disruption of this complex by some inflammatory, profibrotic, and carcinogens agents can provoke epithelial barrier dysfunction that not only contributes to an increase of viral and bacterial infection, but also alters the normal function of epithelial cells provoking several lung diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis (CF) or lung cancer, among others. While nitric oxide (NO) molecular pathway has been linked with endothelial function, less is known about the role of the NO system on the bronchial epithelium and airway epithelial cells function in physiological and different pathologic scenarios. Several data indicate that the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) is altered in lung diseases such as asthma, COPD, lung fibrosis, and cancer among others, and that reactive oxygen species mediate uncoupling NO to promote the increase of peroxynitrite levels, thus inducing bronchial epithelial barrier dysfunction. Furthermore, iNOS and the intracellular pathway sGC-cGMP-PKG are dysregulated in bronchial epithelial cells from patients with lung inflammation, fibrosis, and malignancies which represents an attractive drug molecular target. In this review we describe in detail current knowledge of the effect of NOS-NO-GC-cGMP-PKG pathway activation and disruption in bronchial epithelial cells barrier integrity and its contribution in different lung diseases, focusing on bronchial epithelial cell permeability, inflammation, transformation, migration, apoptosis/necrosis, and proliferation, as well as the specific NO molecular pathways involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Amparo Bayarri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Milara
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Pharmacy Unit, University General Hospital Consortium of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Estornut
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julio Cortijo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Research and Teaching Unit, University General Hospital Consortium of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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McCarty MF, DiNicolantonio JJ, Lerner A. Review - Nutraceuticals Can Target Asthmatic Bronchoconstriction: NADPH Oxidase-Dependent Oxidative Stress, RhoA and Calcium Dynamics. J Asthma Allergy 2021; 14:685-701. [PMID: 34163181 PMCID: PMC8214517 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s307549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of various isoforms of NADPH oxidase contributes to the pathogenesis of asthma at multiple levels: promoting hypercontractility, hypertrophy, and proliferation of airway smooth muscle; enabling lung influx of eosinophils via VCAM-1; and mediating allergen-induced mast cell activation. Free bilirubin, which functions physiologically within cells as a feedback inhibitor of NADPH oxidase complexes, has been shown to have a favorable impact on each of these phases of asthma pathogenesis. The spirulina chromophore phycocyanobilin (PhyCB), a homolog of bilirubin’s precursor biliverdin, can mimic the inhibitory impact of biliverdin/bilirubin on NADPH oxidase activity, and spirulina’s versatile and profound anti-inflammatory activity in rodent studies suggests that PhyCB may have potential as a clinical inhibitor of NADPH oxidase. Hence, spirulina or PhyCB-enriched spirulina extracts merit clinical evaluation in asthma. Promoting biosynthesis of glutathione and increasing the expression and activity of various antioxidant enzymes – as by supplementing with N-acetylcysteine, Phase 2 inducers (eg, lipoic acid), selenium, and zinc – may also blunt the contribution of oxidative stress to asthma pathogenesis. Nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) work in various ways to oppose pathogenic mechanisms in asthma; supplemental citrulline and high-dose folate may aid NO synthesis, high-dose biotin may mimic and possibly potentiate NO’s activating impact on soluble guanylate cyclase, and NAC and taurine may boost H2S synthesis. The amino acid glycine has a hyperpolarizing effect on airway smooth muscle that is bronchodilatory. Insuring optimal intracellular levels of magnesium may modestly blunt the stimulatory impact of intracellular free calcium on bronchoconstriction. Nutraceutical regimens or functional foods incorporating at least several of these agents may have utility as nutraceutical adjuvants to standard clinical management of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James J DiNicolantonio
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas, MO, USA
| | - Aaron Lerner
- Chaim Sheba Medical Center, The Zabludowicz Research Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Tel Hashomer, 5262000, Israel
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Marei ES, El-Maghraby DF, Ashry K. Correlation of vitamin D and asymmetric dimethylarginine in children with bronchial asthma. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/16878507.2021.1923898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elham S. Marei
- Health Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina F. El-Maghraby
- Health Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled Ashry
- Health Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
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Insight into the Mechanisms Underlying the Tracheorelaxant Properties of the Sideritis raeseri Extract. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:6510708. [PMID: 32908564 PMCID: PMC7475741 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6510708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sideritis raeseri Boiss. and Heldr. (Lamiaceae), known as “mountain tea,” is a native plant from the Mediterranean region, which is widely used in traditional medicine. This study evaluates the effects of the ethanol extract of Sideritis raeseri (SR) on airway smooth muscle activity and identifies the underlying mechanism. The S. raeseri extract (SRE) was extracted from air-dried parts of the shoot system of SR. The SRE (0.3–2 mg/mL) was tested in isolated rabbit tracheal rings, suspended in the organ bath, filled with Krebs solution, and bubbled with the carbogen mixture (95% O2/5% CO2) under a resting tension of 1 g in 37°C. In in vitro experiments, the SRE relaxed against acetylcholine-induced constriction in tracheal rings. Furthermore, SRE inhibited Ca2+-induced contractions in carbachol (CCh, 1 μM) as well as in the K+-depolarized trachea (80 mM). Our findings showed the NO/cGMP involvement in tracheorelaxant effects of SR. To this end, the effect of the SRE was potentiated by bradykinin (nitric oxide (NO) synthase activator, 100 nM), whereas it was inhibited by ODQ (inhibitor of NO-sensitive guanylyl cyclase, 10 μM) and L-NAME (NO synthase inhibitor, 100 μM), as well as indomethacin (cyclooxygenase inhibitor, 10 μM). These data suggest that the tracheorelaxant effect of the SRE is mediated at least partly by NO/cyclic guanosine monophosphate and cyclooxygenase-1-prostaglandin E2-dependent signaling. These findings indicate that the SRE may be used in various respiratory disorders.
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8
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Chen Y, Han L, Zhou Y, Yang L, Guo YS. Artemisia Pollen Extracts Exposed to Diesel Exhaust Enhance Airway Inflammation and Immunological Imbalance in Asthmatic Mice Model. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2020; 181:342-352. [PMID: 32062653 DOI: 10.1159/000505747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vehicle-induced air pollution may increase the prevalence and severity of asthma. Pollens are important sources of outdoor allergens associated with asthma. Outdoor pollution may influence the structure of pollen grains, resulting in enhanced immune reactions. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the impact that artemisia pollen extracts exposed to diesel emissions (APEDE) may induce - allergic airway inflammation, pulmonary pathology and immune imbalance - in mice. METHODS Sixty male Balb/c mice were equally randomized into 5 groups, sensitized with 30 μL artemisia pollen extracts (APE) or APEDE adsorbed on 2 mg aluminum hydroxide gel by intraperitoneal injection on day 0, 7, 14, and 22, and challenged intranasally once per day with 30 μL APE or APEDE from day 29 to 36. The controlling group used phosphate-buffered saline as control. RESULTS In mice immunized and challenged by APEDE, the clinical phenotype of eosinophils, neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), tracheal wall thickness, airway smooth muscle thickness and airway resistance increased significantly. Pathophysiological parameters such as interleukin (IL)-17A and tumour necrosis factor-α production in BALF and serum, and the ratio of Th17/Treg cells in CD4+ cells increased significantly, while IL-10 in BALF and serum and the ratio of Treg cells decreased significantly. It was further found that the expression of oxidative stress marker 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) and the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) were significantly increased. The correlation analysis showed that the expression of 3-NT was positively correlated with the activation of NF-κB. CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that pollens exposed to diesel exhaust enhance allergic responses, which may contribute to an increased prevalence of allergic diseases in urban environments with serious exhaust emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Han
- Department of Geriatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Respiratory, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,
| | - Yin-Shi Guo
- Department of Allergy, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Vilela DAD, Silva BAO, Brito MC, Menezes PMN, Bomfim HF, Duarte-Filho LAMDS, Silva TRDS, Ribeiro LADA, Lucchese AM, Silva FS. Lippia alnifolia essential oil induces relaxation on Guinea-pig trachea by multiple pathways. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 246:112162. [PMID: 31419501 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Lippia alnifolia Mart. & Schauer, known as "alecrim-do-mato", "alecrim-de-vaqueiro" and "pedrécio", is used in folk medicine as antiseptic and to treat diseases that affect respiratory system, like bronchitis and asthma. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this work was to investigate the spasmolytic activity and relaxant mechanism of the Lippia alnifolia essential oil (EOLA) on isolated guinea-pig trachea and to correlate with its use in folk medicine. MATERIALS AND METHODS Leaves from L. alnifolia were collected in Pico das Almas, Chapada Diamantina, situated in the city of Rio de Contas, Bahia, Brazil. EOLA was extracted by hydrodistillation, analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS and the volatile constituents were identified. Spasmolytic activity was assayed in isolated guinea-pig trachea pre-contracted with carbachol 1 μM or histamine 10 μM. Relaxant mechanism of EOLA was determined comparing concentration-response curves in the presence or absence of different blockers. RESULTS Chemical analysis revealed the presence of carvone (60 ± 0.8%) as major constituent. EOLA (1-243 μg/mL) relaxed isolated guinea-pig trachea pre-contracted with carbachol 1 μM [EC50 = 53.36 (44.75-63.51) μg/mL] or histamine 10 μM [EC50 = 5.42 (4.42-6.65) μg/mL]. The pre-incubation of 4-aminopyridine in histamine-induced contractions did not alter significantly the relaxant effect of EOLA. However, the presence of cesium chloride, glibenclamide, tetraethylammonium, propranolol, indomethacin, dexamethasone, hexamethonium, atropine, L-NAME, methylene blue or ODQ reduced EOLA relaxant effect. EOLA 18 μg/mL pre-incubation in calcium-free medium reduced histamine-evoked contractions, but did not alter histamine contractions in the presence of nifedipine. CONCLUSIONS Lippia alnifolia essential oil has spasmolytic activity on isolated guinea-pig trachea and its mechanism of action possibly involves the activation of multiple signal transduction pathways, which culminate in potassium channels activation and cytosolic calcium reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mariana Coelho Brito
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Experimental, Colegiado de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Brazil.
| | | | - Horácio Freitas Bomfim
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais e Bioativos, Departamento de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), Brazil.
| | | | | | - Luciano Augusto de Araújo Ribeiro
- Pós-graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Brazil; Laboratório de Farmacologia Experimental, Colegiado de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Brazil.
| | - Angélica Maria Lucchese
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais e Bioativos, Departamento de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), Brazil.
| | - Fabrício Souza Silva
- Pós-graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Brazil; Laboratório de Farmacologia Experimental, Colegiado de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Brazil.
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10
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Al-Azzawi MA. Pathological association between oxidative stress and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Pathology 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-815972-9.00005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Cazzola M, Rogliani P, Matera MG. The future of bronchodilation: looking for new classes of bronchodilators. Eur Respir Rev 2019; 28:28/154/190095. [PMID: 31871127 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0095-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Available bronchodilators can satisfy many of the needs of patients suffering from airway disorders, but they often do not relieve symptoms and their long-term use raises safety concerns. Therefore, there is interest in developing new classes that could help to overcome the limits that characterise the existing classes.At least nine potential new classes of bronchodilators have been identified: 1) selective phosphodiesterase inhibitors; 2) bitter-taste receptor agonists; 3) E-prostanoid receptor 4 agonists; 4) Rho kinase inhibitors; 5) calcilytics; 6) agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ; 7) agonists of relaxin receptor 1; 8) soluble guanylyl cyclase activators; and 9) pepducins. They are under consideration, but they are mostly in a preclinical phase and, consequently, we still do not know which classes will actually be developed for clinical use and whether it will be proven that a possible clinical benefit outweighs the impact of any adverse effect.It is likely that if developed, these new classes may be a useful addition to, rather than a substitution of, the bronchodilator therapy currently used, in order to achieve further optimisation of bronchodilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Cazzola
- Dept of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Rogliani
- Dept of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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12
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Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common and progressive disorder
which is characterised by pathological abnormalities driven by chronic airway inflammation. The
assessment of airway inflammation in routine clinical practice in COPD is limited to surrogate blood
markers. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) is a marker of eosinophilic airway inflammation in
asthma, and it can predict steroid responsiveness and help tailor corticosteroid treatment. The clinical
value of FENO in COPD is less evident, but some studies suggest that it may be a marker of the
eosinophilic endotype. More importantly, mathematical methods allow investigation of the
alveolar/small airway production of NO which potentially better reflects inflammatory changes in
anatomical sites, most affected by COPD. This review summarises the pathophysiological role of
nitric oxide in COPD, explains the methodology of its measurement in exhaled air and discusses
clinical findings of FENO in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andras Bikov
- NIHR Manchester Clinical Research Facility, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Martina Meszaros
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsofia Lazar
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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13
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Paul T, Blanco I, Aguilar D, Tura-Ceide O, Bonjoch C, Smolders VF, Peinado VI, Barberà JA. Therapeutic effects of soluble guanylate cyclase stimulation on pulmonary hemodynamics and emphysema development in guinea pigs chronically exposed to cigarette smoke. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 317:L222-L234. [PMID: 31166128 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00399.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We have analyzed the effect of the soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulator BAY 41-2272 in a therapeutic intervention in guinea pigs chronically exposed to cigarette smoke (CS). The effects of sGC stimulation on respiratory function, pulmonary hemodynamics, airspace size, vessel remodeling, and inflammatory cell recruitment to the lungs were evaluated in animals that had been exposed to CS for 3 mo. CS exposure was continued for an additional 3 mo in half of the animals and withdrawn in the other half. Animals that stopped CS exposure had slightly lower pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and right ventricle (RV) hypertrophy than those who continued CS exposure, but they did not recover from the emphysema and the inflammatory cell infiltrate. Conversely, oral BAY 41-2272 administration stopped progression or even reversed the CS-induced emphysema in both current and former smokers, respectively. Furthermore, BAY 41-2272 produced a reduction in the RV hypertrophy, which correlated with a decrease in the PAP values. By contrast, the degree of vessel remodeling induced by CS remained unchanged in the treated animals. Functional network analysis suggested perforin/granzyme pathway downregulation as an action mechanism capable of stopping the progression of emphysema after sGC stimulation. The pathway analysis also showed normalization of the expression of cGMP-dependent serine/kinases. In conclusion, in guinea pigs chronically exposed to CS, sGC stimulation exerts beneficial effects on the lung parenchyma and the pulmonary vasculature, suggesting that sGC stimulators might be a potential alternative for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treatment that deserves further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Paul
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Respiratory Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Blanco
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Respiratory Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Aguilar
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Tura-Ceide
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Respiratory Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Bonjoch
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Valérie F Smolders
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victor I Peinado
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Respiratory Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan A Barberà
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Respiratory Diseases, Madrid, Spain
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14
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Dai Y, Schlanger S, Haque MM, Misra S, Stuehr DJ. Heat shock protein 90 regulates soluble guanylyl cyclase maturation by a dual mechanism. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:12880-12891. [PMID: 31311859 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The enzyme soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) is a heterodimer composed of an α subunit and a heme-containing β subunit. It participates in signaling by generating cGMP in response to nitric oxide (NO). Heme insertion into the β1 subunit of sGC (sGCβ) is critical for function, and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) associates with heme-free sGCβ (apo-sGCβ) to drive its heme insertion. Here, we tested the accuracy and relevance of a modeled apo-sGCβ-HSP90 complex by constructing sGCβ variants predicted to have an impaired interaction with HSP90. Using site-directed mutagenesis, purified recombinant proteins, mammalian cell expression, and fluorescence approaches, we found that (i) three regions in apo-sGCβ predicted by the model mediate direct complex formation with HSP90 both in vitro and in mammalian cells; (ii) such HSP90 complex formation directly correlates with the extent of heme insertion into apo-sGCβ and with cyclase activity; and (iii) apo-sGCβ mutants possessing an HSP90-binding defect instead bind to sGCα in cells and form inactive, heme-free sGC heterodimers. Our findings uncover the molecular features of the cellular apo-sGCβ-HSP90 complex and reveal its dual importance in enabling heme insertion while preventing inactive heterodimer formation during sGC maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Dai
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Simon Schlanger
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Mohammad Mahfuzul Haque
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Saurav Misra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506
| | - Dennis J Stuehr
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195.
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15
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Li L, Wang X, Zheng L, Li J, Xu M, Rong R, Zhu T, Jia Y. Downregulation of endothelin A receptor (ETaR) ameliorates renal ischemia reperfusion injury by increasing nitric oxide production. Life Sci 2019; 228:295-304. [PMID: 31075232 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the protective effects of downregulating ETaR expression on renal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI). MAIN METHODS The renal IRI model was generated by clamping the left renal artery for 60 min followed by nephrectomy of the right kidney. ETaR siRNA were perfused through the renal artery during ischemia. HE staining was performed to assess histological injury. PCR was performed to determine the expression of NF-κb, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6 and TGF-β. ELISA was used to determine the levels of ET-1, TGF-β and eNOS. The level of nitric oxide (NO) was tested by the NO detection kit. The expression of PI3K, Akt, sGC and PKG were evaluated by western blot. KEY FINDINGS ETaR siRNA treatment reduced the levels of serum creatinine and urea nitrogen, decreased the number of apoptotic cells, and ameliorated histological damage after IRI. PCR results demonstrated that IRI increased mRNA levels of inflammatory factors, which were inhibited by ETaR siRNA treatment. ELISA result showed that ETaR siRNA decreased the levels of ET-1, TGF-β and eNOS in the renal tissues after IRI. Western blot results demonstrated that ETaR siRNA activated the PI3K/Akt and sGC/PKG signaling pathway. Conversely, the NOS inhibitor, L-NAME, reversed the effects of ETaR siRNA treatment. SIGNIFICANCE ETaR siRNA treatment inhibited inflammatory response and improved renal function after renal IRI. The underlying mechanisms of ETaR siRNA treatment may be through increasing eNOS activity through PI3K/Akt signaling, which subsequently increased NO production. The increased NO reduces the expression of ET-1 by inhibiting transcription of ET-1-associated genes via the sGC/PKG signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Li
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Long Zheng
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiawei Li
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ruiming Rong
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Tongyu Zhu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yichen Jia
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai 200032, China.
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16
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Chapman RW, Li Z, Corboz MR, Gauani H, Plaunt AJ, Konicek DM, Leifer FG, Laurent CE, Yin H, Salvail D, Dziak C, Perkins WR, Malinin V. Inhaled hexadecyl-treprostinil provides pulmonary vasodilator activity at significantly lower plasma concentrations than infused treprostinil. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2018; 49:104-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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17
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Phenotyping of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Based on the Integration of Metabolomes and Clinical Characteristics. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19030666. [PMID: 29495451 PMCID: PMC5877527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Apart from the refined management-oriented clinical stratification of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the molecular pathologies behind this highly prevalent disease have remained obscure. The aim of this study was the characterization of patients with COPD, based on the metabolomic profiling of peripheral blood and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) within the context of defined clinical and demographic variables. Mass-spectrometry-based targeted analysis of serum metabolites (mainly amino acids and lipid species), untargeted profiles of serum and EBC of patients with COPD of different clinical characteristics (n = 25) and control individuals (n = 21) were performed. From the combined clinical/demographic and metabolomics data, associations between clinical/demographic and metabolic parameters were searched and a de novo phenotyping for COPD was attempted. Adjoining the clinical parameters, sphingomyelins were the best to differentiate COPD patients from controls. Unsaturated fatty acid-containing lipids, ornithine metabolism and plasma protein composition-associated signals from the untargeted analysis differentiated the Global Initiative for COPD (GOLD) categories. Hierarchical clustering did not reveal a clinical-metabolomic stratification superior to the strata set by the GOLD consensus. We conclude that while metabolomics approaches are good for finding biomarkers and clarifying the mechanism of the disease, there are no distinct co-variate independent clinical-metabolic phenotypes.
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18
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Mokry J, Urbanova A, Kertys M, Mokra D. Inhibitors of phosphodiesterases in the treatment of cough. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2018; 257:107-114. [PMID: 29337269 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A group of 11 enzyme families of metalophosphohydrolases called phosphodiesterases (PDEs) is responsible for a hydrolysis of intracellular cAMP and cGMP. Xanthine derivatives (methylxanthines) inhibit PDEs without selective action on their single isoforms and lead to many pharmacological effects, e.g. bronchodilation, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating effects, and thus they can modulate the cough reflex. Contrary, selective PDE inhibitors have been developed to inhibit PDE isoforms with different pharmacological effects based on their tissue expression. In this paper, effects of non-selective PDE inhibitors (e.g. theophylline) are discussed, with a description of other putative mechanisms in their effects on cough. Antitussive effects of selective inhibitors of several PDE isoforms are reviewed, focusing on PDE1, PDE3, PDE4, PDE5 and PDE7. The inhibition of PDEs suggests participation of bronchodilation, suppression of TRPV channels and anti-inflammatory action in cough suppression. Selective PDE3, PDE4 and PDE5 inhibitors have demonstrated the most significant cough suppressive effects, confirming their benefits in chronic inflammatory airway diseases associated with bronchoconstriction and cough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juraj Mokry
- Department of Pharmacology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia; Biomedical Center Martin (BioMed), Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia.
| | - Anna Urbanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia; Biomedical Center Martin (BioMed), Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Martin Kertys
- Department of Pharmacology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia; Biomedical Center Martin (BioMed), Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Mokra
- Biomedical Center Martin (BioMed), Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia; Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
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19
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Paul T, Salazar-Degracia A, Peinado VI, Tura-Ceide O, Blanco I, Barreiro E, Barberà JA. Soluble guanylate cyclase stimulation reduces oxidative stress in experimental Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190628. [PMID: 29304131 PMCID: PMC5755849 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) is a key enzyme of the nitric oxide–cyclic guanosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (NO–cGMP) signaling pathway, and its pharmacological stimulation has been shown to prevent the development of emphysema and pulmonary vascular remodeling in animal models of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of sGC stimulation on oxidative stress in the plasma of guinea pigs chronically exposed to cigarette smoke (CS). Methods and results Guinea pigs were exposed to CS or sham for three months, and received either the sGC stimulator BAY 41–2272 or vehicle. Body weight was measured weekly; and markers of oxidative stress in plasma, and airspace size and inflammatory cell infiltrate in lung tissue were analyzed at the end of the study. Compared to sham-exposed guinea pigs, CS-exposed animals gained less body weight and showed higher plasma levels of nitrated tyrosine residues (3-NT), 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). Treatment with the sGC stimulator led to a body weight gain in the CS-exposed guinea pigs similar to non-exposed and attenuated the increase in 3-NT and 4-HNE. Plasma levels of 3-NT correlated with the severity of inflammatory cell infiltrate in the lung. Conclusion Stimulation of sGC prevents oxidative stress induced by CS exposure and is associated with an attenuated inflammatory response in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Paul
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Salazar-Degracia
- Pulmonology Department-Lung Cancer and Muscle Research group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Health and Experimental Sciences Department (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victor I. Peinado
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Olga Tura-Ceide
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Blanco
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Barreiro
- Pulmonology Department-Lung Cancer and Muscle Research group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Health and Experimental Sciences Department (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan A. Barberà
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
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20
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Positive correlation of airway resistance and serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in bronchial asthma patients lacking evidence for systemic inflammation. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2018; 14:2. [PMID: 29308071 PMCID: PMC5751874 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-017-0226-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Contribution of nitric-oxide (NO) pathway to the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma (asthma) is ambiguous as NO may confer both protective and detrimental effects depending on the NO synthase (NOS) isoforms, tissue compartments and underlying pathological conditions (e.g. systemic inflammation). Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous inhibitor and uncoupler of NOS with distinct selectivity for NOS isoforms. In a cross-sectional study, we assessed whether ADMA is an independent predictor of airway resistance (Raw) in therapy-controlled asthma. Methods 154 therapy-controlled asthma patients were recruited. ADMA, symmetric dimethylarginine and arginine were quantitated by HPLC with fluorescent detection. Pulmonary function test was done using whole-body plethysmography, quality of life via St. George’s Respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ). Multiple linear regression was used to identify independent determinants of Raw. The final model was stratified based on therapy control. Results Evidence for systemic inflammation indicated by CRP and procalcitonin was lacking in our sample. Log Raw showed significant positive correlation with log ADMA in the whole data set and well-controlled but not in the not well-controlled stratum (Spearman correlation coefficients: 0.27, p < 0.001; 0.30, p < 0.001; 0.12, p = 0.51 respectively). This relationship remained significant after adjusting for confounders by multiple linear regression (β = 0.22, CI 0.054, 0.383 p = 0.01). FEF 25–75% % predicted and SGRQ Total score showed significant negative while SGRQ Activity score showed significant positive correlation with Raw in the final model. Conclusions Positive correlation between Raw and ADMA in the absence of systemic inflammation implies that higher ADMA has detrimental effect on NO homeostasis and can contribute to a poor outcome in asthma.
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21
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Urbanova A, Medvedova I, Kertys M, Mikolka P, Kosutova P, Mokra D, Mokrý J. Dose dependent effects of tadalafil and roflumilast on ovalbumin-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in guinea pigs. Exp Lung Res 2017; 43:407-416. [PMID: 29220595 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2017.1386735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic obstructive diseases of airways associated with cough and/or airway smooth muscle hyperresponsiveness are usually treated with bronchodilating and anti-inflammatory drugs. Recently, selective phosphodiesterase (PDE) 4 inhibitors have been introduced into the therapy of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Several studies have demonstrated their ability to influence the airway reactivity and eosinophilic inflammation by increasing the intracellular cAMP concentrations also in bronchial asthma. Furthermore, the expression of PDE5 in several immune cells suggests perspectives of PDE5 inhibitors in the therapy of inflammation, as well. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the dose-dependent effects of PDE4 and PDE5 inhibitors in allergic inflammation. Therefore, the effects of 7-days administration of PDE4 inhibitor roflumilast and PDE5 inhibitor tadalafil at two different doses in experimentally-induced allergic inflammation were evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the study, male adult guinea pigs were used. Control group was non-sensitized. Other animals were sensitized with ovalbumin over two weeks and thereafter treated intraperitoneally for 7 days with roflumilast or tadalafil (daily dose 0.5 mg/kg or 1.0 mg/kg b.w.), or with vehicle. RESULTS Both roflumilast and tadalafil reduced specific airway resistance after nebulization of histamine (marker of in vivo airway reactivity) at both doses used. The in vitro airway reactivity to cumulative doses of acetylcholine was significantly reduced for roflumilast at higher dose, predominantly in the lung tissue strips. Histamine-induced contractile responses were significantly influenced in both lung and tracheal tissue strips, predominantly at the higher doses. Tadalafil led to a decrease in contractile responses induced by both acetylcholine and histamine, with more significant effects in the lung tissue strips. These changes were associated with decreased numbers of circulating leukocytes and eosinophils and concentrations of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and TNF-α in the lung homogenate. CONCLUSIONS The selective PDE4 and PDE5 inhibitors alleviated allergic airway inflammation, with more significant effects at the higher doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Urbanova
- a Department of Pharmacology , Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava , Martin , Slovakia.,b Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava , Martin , Slovakia
| | - Ivana Medvedova
- a Department of Pharmacology , Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava , Martin , Slovakia.,b Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava , Martin , Slovakia
| | - Martin Kertys
- a Department of Pharmacology , Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava , Martin , Slovakia.,b Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava , Martin , Slovakia
| | - Pavol Mikolka
- b Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava , Martin , Slovakia.,c Department of Physiology , Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava , Martin , Slovakia
| | - Petra Kosutova
- b Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava , Martin , Slovakia.,c Department of Physiology , Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava , Martin , Slovakia
| | - Daniela Mokra
- b Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava , Martin , Slovakia.,c Department of Physiology , Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava , Martin , Slovakia
| | - Juraj Mokrý
- a Department of Pharmacology , Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava , Martin , Slovakia.,b Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava , Martin , Slovakia
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22
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Jeong SO, Son Y, Lee JH, Choi SW, Kim SH, Cheong YK, Chung HT, Pae HO. Both nitric oxide and nitrite prevent homocysteine-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and subsequent apoptosis via cGMP-dependent pathway in neuronal cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 493:164-169. [PMID: 28917840 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and/or ER stress-mediated apoptosis may play a role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. The present study investigated the effects of non-cytotoxic concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) and nitrite, a metabolite of NO, on ER stress and ER stress-mediated apoptosis in Neuro-2a cells exposed to homocysteine (Hcy), an endogenous ER stress inducer. Hcy induced ER stress, as confirmed by inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) phosphorylation and X-box-binding protein-1 (Xbp1) mRNA splicing as well as C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) expression, and apoptosis, as verified by Annexin V-positive cells. Surprisingly, non-cytotoxic NO (S-nitrosoglutathione) and nitrite markedly reduced Hcy-induced IRE1α phosphorylation, Xbp1 mRNA splicing, CHOP expression, and Annexin V-positive cells, indicating the cytoprotection of NO and nitrite against Hcy-induced ER stress and apoptosis. Moreover, inhibition of sGC/cGMP pathway abolished the cytoprotective effects of NO and nitrite, whereas cellular elevation of cGMP levels mimicked the cytoprotective actions of NO and nitrite. These findings provide the first evidence showing that both NO and nitrite can reduce ER stress and subsequent apoptosis via NO-sGC-cGMP pathway in neuronal cells and suggesting that NO and/or nitrite may have therapeutic value in the treatment of ER stress-associated neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Oh Jeong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Son
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hwan Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Won Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hun Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Kwan Cheong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun-Taeg Chung
- Department of Biological Science, University of Ulsan, 30 Daehack-ro, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun-Ock Pae
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Buzzo CDL, Medina T, Branco LM, Lage SL, Ferreira LCDS, Amarante-Mendes GP, Hottiger MO, De Carvalho DD, Bortoluci KR. Epigenetic regulation of nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible (Nos2) by NLRC4 inflammasomes involves PARP1 cleavage. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41686. [PMID: 28150715 PMCID: PMC5288713 DOI: 10.1038/srep41686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible (Nos2) expression is necessary for the microbicidal activity of macrophages. However, NOS2 over-activation causes multiple inflammatory disorders, suggesting a tight gene regulation is necessary. Using cytosolic flagellin as a model for inflammasome-dependent NOS2 activation, we discovered a surprising new role for NLRC4/caspase-1 axis in regulating chromatin accessibility of the Nos2 promoter. We found that activation of two independent mechanisms is necessary for NOS2 expression by cytosolic flagellin: caspase-1 and NF-κB activation. NF-κB activation was necessary, but not sufficient, for NOS2 expression. Conversely, caspase-1 was necessary for NOS2 expression, but dispensable for NF-κB activation, indicating that this protease acts downstream NF-κB activation. We demonstrated that epigenetic regulation of Nos2 by caspase-1 involves cleavage of the chromatin regulator PARP1 (also known as ARTD1) and chromatin accessibility of the NF-κB binding sites located at the Nos2 promoter. Remarkably, caspase-1-mediated Nos2 transcription and NO production contribute to the resistance of macrophages to Salmonella typhimurium infection. Our results uncover the molecular mechanism behind the constricted regulation of Nos2 expression and open new therapeutic opportunities based on epigenetic activities of caspase-1 against infectious and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina de Lima Buzzo
- Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular (CTC-Mol) e Departamento de Ciências Biológicas - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tiago Medina
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Laura M Branco
- Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular (CTC-Mol) e Departamento de Ciências Biológicas - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo and Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT-iii), Brazil
| | - Silvia L Lage
- Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular (CTC-Mol) e Departamento de Ciências Biológicas - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo and Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT-iii), Brazil
| | | | - Gustavo P Amarante-Mendes
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo and Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT-iii), Brazil
| | - Michael O Hottiger
- Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel D De Carvalho
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Karina R Bortoluci
- Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular (CTC-Mol) e Departamento de Ciências Biológicas - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Thalidomide attenuates the development and expression of antinociceptive tolerance to μ-opioid agonist morphine through l-arginine-iNOS and nitric oxide pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 85:493-502. [PMID: 27899254 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Morphine is a μ-opioid analgesic drug which is used in the treatment and management of chronic pain. However, due to development of antinociceptive tolerance its clinical use is limited. Thalidomide is an old glutamic acid derivative which recently reemerged because of its potential to counteract a number of disorders including neurodegenerative disorders. The potential underlying mechanisms and effects of thalidomide on morphine-induced antinociceptive tolerance is still elusive. Hence, the present study was designed to explore the effect of thalidomide on the development and expression of morphine antinociceptive tolerance targeting l-arginine-nitric oxide (NO) pathway in mice and T98G human glioblastoma cell line. When thalidomide was administered in a dose of 17.5mg/kg before each dose of morphine chronically for 5days it prevented the development of antinociceptive tolerance. Also, a single dose of thalidomide 20mg/kg attenuated the expression phase of antinociceptive tolerance. The protective effect of thalidomide was augmented in development phase when co-administration with NOS inhibitors like L-NAME (non- selective NOS inhibitor; 2mg/kg) or aminoguanidine (selective inducible NOS inhibitor; 50mg/kg). Also, the reversal effect of thalidomide in expression phase was potentiated when concomitantly administrated with L-NAME (5mg/kg) or aminoguanidine (100mg/kg). Co-administration of ODQ (a guanylyl cyclase inhibitor) 10mg/kg in developmental phase or 20mg/kg in expression phase also progressively increased the pain threshold. In addition, thalidomide (20μM) also significantly inhibited the overexpression of iNOS gene induced by morphine (2.5μM) in T98G cell line. Hence, our findings suggest that thalidomide has protective effect both in the development and expression phases of morphine antinociceptive tolerance. It is also evident that this effect of thalidomide is induced by the inhibition of NOS enzyme predominantly iNOS.
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Baldissera L, Squebola-Cola DM, Calixto MC, Lima-Barbosa AP, Rennó AL, Anhê GF, Condino-Neto A, De Nucci G, Antunes E. The soluble guanylyl cyclase activator BAY 60-2770 inhibits murine allergic airways inflammation and human eosinophil chemotaxis. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2016; 41:86-95. [PMID: 27816773 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Activators of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) act preferentially in conditions of enzyme oxidation or haem group removal. This study was designed to investigate the effects of the sGC activator BAY 60-2770 in murine airways inflammation and human eosinophil chemotaxis. METHODS C57Bl/6 mice treated or not with BAY 60-2770 (1 mg/kg/day, 14 days) were intranasally challenged with ovalbumin (OVA). At 48 h, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was performed, and circulating blood, bone marrow and lungs were obtained. Human eosinophils purified from peripheral blood were used to evaluate the cell chemotaxis. RESULTS OVA-challenge promoted marked increases in eosinophil number in BAL, lung tissue, circulating blood and bone marrow, all of which were significantly reduced by BAY 60-2770. The IL-4 and IL-5 levels in BALF were significantly reduced by BAY 60-2770. Increased protein expression of iNOS, along with decreases of expression of sGC (α1 and β1 subunits) and cGMP levels were detected in lung tissue of OVA-challenged mice. BAY 60-2770 fully restored to baseline the iNOS and sGC subunit expressions, and cGMP levels. In human isolated eosinophils, BAY 60-2770 (1-5 μM) had no effects on the cGMP levels and eotaxin-induced chemotaxis; however, prior incubation with ODQ (10 μM) markedly elevated the BAY 60-2770-induced cyclic GMP production, further inhibiting the eosinophil chemotaxis. CONCLUSIONS BAY 60-2770 reduces airway eosinophilic inflammation and rescue the sGC levels. In human eosinophils under oxidized conditions, BAY 60-2770 elevates the cGMP levels causing cell chemotaxis inhibition. BAY 60-2770 may reveal a novel therapeutic target for asthma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lineu Baldissera
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Science, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, 13084-971, SP, Brazil
| | - Dalize M Squebola-Cola
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Science, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, 13084-971, SP, Brazil
| | - Marina C Calixto
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Science, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, 13084-971, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana P Lima-Barbosa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Science, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, 13084-971, SP, Brazil
| | - André L Rennó
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Science, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, 13084-971, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriel F Anhê
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Science, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, 13084-971, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio Condino-Neto
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Science, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, 13084-971, SP, Brazil
| | - Gilberto De Nucci
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Science, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, 13084-971, SP, Brazil
| | - Edson Antunes
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Science, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, 13084-971, SP, Brazil.
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Castro PFDS, de Andrade DL, Reis CDF, Costa SHN, Batista AC, da Silva RS, Rocha ML. Relaxing effect of a new ruthenium complex nitric oxide donor on airway smooth muscle of an experimental model of asthma in rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2016; 43:221-9. [PMID: 26662887 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
NO is a potent bronchodilator and NO-donor compounds have demonstrated clinical significance for obstructive airway diseases. This study evaluated the relaxation mechanisms of two NO donors, a ruthenium compound (TERPY), and sodium nitroprusside (SNP), in rat tracheas with ovalbumin-induced asthma (OVA group) and in another control group. The effect of TERPY and SNP was evaluated in tracheal rings in an isolated organ chamber. The contribution of K(+) channels, sGC/cGMP pathway, phosphodiesterases, and extra and intracellular Ca(2+) sources were analyzed. The TERPY and SNP-induced tracheal smooth muscle relaxation in both groups. However, the maximum effect induced by TERPY was higher than that of SNP in both control (110.2 ± 3.2% vs 68.3 ± 3.1%, P < 0.001) and OVA groups (106.1 ± 1.5% vs 49.9 ± 2.7%, P < 0.001). In the control group, TERPY relaxation was induced by the activation of K(+) channels and reduction of the calcium influx, while in the OVA group, these same effects were also brought about by TERPY, but with participation of the sGC/cGMP pathway. In both groups, SNP-induced relaxation occurred through the activation of K(+) channels, sGC/cGMP pathway and reduction of calcium influx. However, the activation of sGC pathway and reticular Ca(2+) -ATPase seemed to be reduced in the OVA group. Furthermore, TERPY is capable of reversing the contraction of carbachol in asthmatic bronchioles. Finally, TERPY and SNP relaxation mechanisms were modified by asthma. SNP presented less relaxation than TERPY, which induced full relaxation with greater participation of K(+) and Ca(2+) fluxes through the membrane, thereby making TERPY a promising drug for reversing the narrowing of airways.
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de Oliveira LP, da Silva DPB, Florentino IF, Fajemiroye JO, de Oliveira TS, Marcelino RIDÁ, Pazini F, Lião LM, Ghedini PC, de Moura SS, Valadares MC, de Carvalho VV, Vaz BG, Menegatti R, Costa EA. New pyrazole derivative 5-[1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-2H-tetrazole: synthesis and assessment of some biological activities. Chem Biol Drug Des 2016; 89:124-135. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lanussy Porfiro de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products; Department of Pharmacology; Institute of Biological Sciences; Federal University of Goiás; Goiânia GO Brazil
| | - Daiany Priscilla Bueno da Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products; Department of Pharmacology; Institute of Biological Sciences; Federal University of Goiás; Goiânia GO Brazil
| | - Iziara Ferreira Florentino
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products; Department of Pharmacology; Institute of Biological Sciences; Federal University of Goiás; Goiânia GO Brazil
| | - James Oluwagbamigbe Fajemiroye
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products; Department of Pharmacology; Institute of Biological Sciences; Federal University of Goiás; Goiânia GO Brazil
| | - Thiago Sardinha de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology; Department of Pharmacology; Institute of Biological Sciences; Federal University of Goiás; Goiânia GO Brazil
| | - Renato Ivan de Ávila Marcelino
- Laboratory of Cellular Pharmacology and Toxicology; FarmaTec; College of Pharmacy; Federal University of Goiás; Goiânia GO Brazil
| | - Francine Pazini
- Laboratory of Medicinal Pharmaceutical Chemistry; College of Pharmacy; Federal University of Goiás; Goiânia GO Brazil
| | | | - Paulo César Ghedini
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology; Department of Pharmacology; Institute of Biological Sciences; Federal University of Goiás; Goiânia GO Brazil
| | - Soraia Santana de Moura
- Laboratory of Cellular Pharmacology and Toxicology; FarmaTec; College of Pharmacy; Federal University of Goiás; Goiânia GO Brazil
| | - Marize Campos Valadares
- Laboratory of Cellular Pharmacology and Toxicology; FarmaTec; College of Pharmacy; Federal University of Goiás; Goiânia GO Brazil
| | | | | | - Ricardo Menegatti
- Laboratory of Medicinal Pharmaceutical Chemistry; College of Pharmacy; Federal University of Goiás; Goiânia GO Brazil
| | - Elson Alves Costa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural and Synthetic Products; Department of Pharmacology; Institute of Biological Sciences; Federal University of Goiás; Goiânia GO Brazil
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Liraglutide prevents and reverses monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension by suppressing ET-1 and enhancing eNOS/sGC/PKG pathways. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31788. [PMID: 27581840 PMCID: PMC5007506 DOI: 10.1038/srep31788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist, is widely used to treat diabetes. However, its effect on pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is unknown. In this study, we investigated its effects on rats with monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH and mechanisms on rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Liraglutide was investigated for both prevention and treatment of MCT-induced PAH. The hemodynamic and body weight changes, right heart hypertrophy, lung morphology, immune-reactivity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), endothelin-1 and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels, protein expressions of eNOS, soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGCα), protein kinase G (PKG) and Rho kinase (ROCK) II pathway were measured in both in vivo and in vitro. Cell migration and cell cycle were also determined. Liraglutide both prevented and reversed MCT-induced PAH, right ventricle hypertrophy and pulmonary vascular wall remodeling. Protein expression of ROCK II was increased while eNOS, sGC and PKG were decreased. Pretreatment with liraglutide inhibited platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB stimulated PASMCs migration, which were associated with cell-cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase. Liraglutide may have both preventive and therapeutic effects on MCT-induced PAH, through the eNOS/sGC/PKG and Rho kinase pathways. Thus, liraglutide may have a therapeutic role in pulmonary vascular remodelling.
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Hassanipour M, Amini-Khoei H, Shafaroodi H, Shirzadian A, Rahimi N, Imran-Khan M, Rezayat SM, Dehpour A. Atorvastatin attenuates the antinociceptive tolerance of morphine via nitric oxide dependent pathway in male mice. Brain Res Bull 2016; 125:173-80. [PMID: 27381980 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The development of morphine-induced antinociceptive tolerance limits its therapeutic efficacy in pain management. Atorvastatin, or competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, is mainstay agent in hypercholesterolemia treatment. Beyond the cholesterol-lowering activity, exploration of neuroprotective properties of this statin indicates its potential benefit in central nervous disorders. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of atorvastatin in development and expression of morphine-induced analgesic tolerance in male mice and probable involvement of nitric oxide. Chronic and acute treatment with atorvastatin 10 and 20mg/kg, respectively, could alleviate morphine tolerance in development and expression phases. Chronic co-administration of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors including L-NAME (non selective NOS inhibitor; 2mg/kg), aminoguanidine (selective inducible NOS inhibitor; 50mg/kg) and 7-NI (selective neuronal NOS inhibitor; 15mg/kg) with atorvastatin blocked the protective effect of atorvastatin in tolerance reversal. Moreover, reversing the atorvastatin effect was also observed in acute simultaneous treatment of L-NAME (5mg/kg) and aminoguanidine (100mg/kg) with atorvastatin. Co-treatment of guanylyl cyclase inhibitor, ODQ (chronic dose: 10mg/kg and acute dose: 20mg/kg) was associated with prevention of atorvastatin anti-tolerance properties. Our results revealed that the atorvastatin modulating role in morphine antinociceptive tolerance is mediated at least in part via nitric oxide in animal pain models of hot plate and tail flick.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Hassanipour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
| | - Hossein Amini-Khoei
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of pharmacology, School of medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Hamed Shafaroodi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Armin Shirzadian
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nastaran Rahimi
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Muhammad Imran-Khan
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed-Mahdi Rezayat
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ahmadreza Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Icariin Inhibits Pulmonary Hypertension Induced by Monocrotaline through Enhancement of NO/cGMP Signaling Pathway in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:7915415. [PMID: 27366192 PMCID: PMC4904099 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7915415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Revised: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that icariin (ICA) increased contents of nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) by improving expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and inhibition of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5). In addition, dysfunction of the NO/cGMP pathway may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (PH). In this study, the potential protective effects of ICA on PH induced by monocrotaline (MCT, 50 mg/kg) singly subcutaneous injection were investigated and the possible mechanisms involved in NO/cGMP pathway were explored in male Sprague Dawley rats. The results showed that ICA (20, 40, and 80 mg/kg/d) treatment by intragastric administration could significantly ameliorate PH and upregulate the expression of eNOS gene and downregulate the expression of PDE5 gene in MCT-treated rats. Both ICA (40 mg/kg/d) and L-arginine (200 mg/kg/d), a precursor of NO as positive control, notably increased the contents of NO and cGMP in lung tissue homogenate, which were inversed by treatment with NG-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME), a NOS inhibitor, and L-NAME-treatment could also inhibit the protective effects of ICA (40 mg/kg/d) on mean pulmonary artery pressure and artery remodeling and tends to inhibit right ventricle hypertrophy index. In summary, ICA is effective in protecting against MCT-induced PH in rats through enhancement of NO/cGMP signaling pathway in rats.
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Chalikiopoulou C, Tavianatou AG, Sgourou A, Kourakli A, Kelepouri D, Chrysanthakopoulou M, Kanelaki VK, Mourdoukoutas E, Siamoglou S, John A, Symeonidis A, Ali BR, Katsila T, Papachatzopoulou A, Patrinos GP. Genomic variants in the ASS1 gene, involved in the nitric oxide biosynthesis and signaling pathway, predict hydroxyurea treatment efficacy in compound sickle cell disease/β-thalassemia patients. Pharmacogenomics 2016; 17:393-403. [PMID: 26895070 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.16.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Hemoglobinopathies exhibit a remarkable phenotypic diversity that restricts any safe association between molecular pathology and clinical outcomes. PATIENTS & METHODS Herein, we explored the role of genes involved in the nitric oxide biosynthesis and signaling pathway, implicated in the increase of fetal hemoglobin levels and response to hydroxyurea treatment, in 119 Hellenic patients with β-type hemoglobinopathies. RESULTS We show that two ASS1 genomic variants (namely, rs10901080 and rs10793902) can serve as pharmacogenomic biomarkers to predict hydroxyurea treatment efficacy in sickle cell disease/β-thalassemia compound heterozygous patients. CONCLUSION These markers may exert their effect by inducing nitric oxide biosynthesis, either via altering splicing and/or miRNA binding, as predicted by in silico analysis, and ultimately, increase γ-globin levels, via guanylyl cyclase targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantina Chalikiopoulou
- University of Patras, School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University Campus, Rion, Patras, Greece
| | | | | | - Alexandra Kourakli
- University of Patras, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology Division, Patras, Greece
| | - Dimitra Kelepouri
- University of Patras, School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University Campus, Rion, Patras, Greece
| | - Maria Chrysanthakopoulou
- University of Patras, School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University Campus, Rion, Patras, Greece
| | - Vasiliki-Kaliopi Kanelaki
- University of Patras, School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University Campus, Rion, Patras, Greece
| | - Evangelos Mourdoukoutas
- University of Patras, School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University Campus, Rion, Patras, Greece
| | - Stavroula Siamoglou
- University of Patras, School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University Campus, Rion, Patras, Greece
| | - Anne John
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Argyris Symeonidis
- University of Patras, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology Division, Patras, Greece
| | - Bassam R Ali
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Theodora Katsila
- University of Patras, School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University Campus, Rion, Patras, Greece
| | | | - George P Patrinos
- University of Patras, School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University Campus, Rion, Patras, Greece.,Department of Pathology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
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From bedside to bench--meeting report of the 7th International Conference on cGMP "cGMP: generators, effectors and therapeutic implications" in Trier, Germany, from June 19th to 21st 2015. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2015; 388:1237-46. [PMID: 26486926 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-015-1176-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
During the past decade, our knowledge on the physiology, pathophysiology, basic pharmacology, and clinical pharmacology of the second messenger (cGMP) has increased tremendously. It is now well-established that cGMP, generated by soluble and particulate guanylate cyclases, is highly compartmentalized in cells and regulates numerous body functions. New cGMP-regulated physiological functions include meiosis and temperature perception. cGMP is involved in the genesis of numerous pathologies including cardiovascular, pulmonary, endocrine, metabolic, neuropsychiatric, eye, and tumor diseases. Several new clinical uses of stimulators and activators of soluble guanylate cyclase and of phosphodiesterase inhibitors such as heart failure, kidney failure, cognitive disorders, obesity bronchial asthma, and osteoporosis are emerging. The combination of neprilysin inhibitors-enhancing stimulation of the particulate guanylate cyclase pathway by preventing natriuretic peptide degradation-with angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonists constitutes a novel promising strategy for heart failure treatment. The role of oxidative stress in cGMP signaling, application of cGMP sensors, and gene therapy for degenerative eye diseases are emerging topics. It is anticipated that cGMP research will further prosper over the next years and reach out into more and more basic and clinical disciplines.
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Britt RD, Thompson MA, Kuipers I, Stewart A, Vogel ER, Thu J, Martin RJ, Pabelick CM, Prakash YS. Soluble guanylate cyclase modulators blunt hyperoxia effects on calcium responses of developing human airway smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 309:L537-42. [PMID: 26254425 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00232.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to moderate hyperoxia in prematurity contributes to subsequent airway dysfunction and increases the risk of developing recurrent wheeze and asthma. The nitric oxide (NO)-soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC)-cyclic GMP (cGMP) axis modulates airway tone by regulating airway smooth muscle (ASM) intracellular Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)]i) and contractility. However, the effects of hyperoxia on this axis in the context of Ca(2+)/contractility are not known. In developing human ASM, we explored the effects of novel drugs that activate sGC independent of NO on alleviating hyperoxia (50% oxygen)-induced enhancement of Ca(2+) responses to bronchoconstrictor agonists. Treatment with BAY 41-2272 (sGC stimulator) and BAY 60-2770 (sGC activator) increased cGMP levels during exposure to 50% O2. Although 50% O2 did not alter sGCα1 or sGCβ1 expression, BAY 60-2770 did increase sGCβ1 expression. BAY 41-2272 and BAY 60-2770 blunted Ca(2+) responses to histamine in cells exposed to 50% O2. The effects of BAY 41-2272 and BAY 60-2770 were reversed by protein kinase G inhibition. These novel data demonstrate that BAY 41-2272 and BAY 60-2770 stimulate production of cGMP and blunt hyperoxia-induced increases in Ca(2+) responses in developing ASM. Accordingly, sGC stimulators/activators may be a useful therapeutic strategy in improving bronchodilation in preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Richard J Martin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Rainbow Babies Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Christina M Pabelick
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; and
| | - Y S Prakash
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; and
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Bartminski G, Crossley M, Turcanu V. Novel biomarkers for asthma stratification and personalized therapy. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2014; 15:415-30. [PMID: 25479456 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2015.988613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A stepwise pharmacological treatment is currently recommended for all asthma patients and is personalized mainly on disease severity, aiming for the lowest disease-controlling step. Nevertheless, asthma comprises several related pathologies with similar clinical manifestations resulting from distinct underlying mechanisms. Therefore novel biomarkers could lead to asthma stratification and thus improve upon the current stepwise approach. The aim of this review is to update the reader with regard to different assays proposed in the recent asthma literature for measuring potential biomarkers for patient stratification and treatment personalization. Promising biomarkers are sputum eosinophils, serum periostin and exhaled nitric oxide. Periostin could differentiate between Th2-high and Th2-low asthma (Th2-high patients are more responsive to glucocorticoids) and the less-defined asthma types which often present a therapeutic challenge. Several other biomarkers, mainly cytokines, leukotrienes and exhaled air components, can be quantified in body fluids and exhaled breath and could also be useful for asthma stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Bartminski
- Department of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, King's College London 5th floor Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, London Bridge, SE1 9RT, UK
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