1
|
Khan NLA, Muhandiram S, Dissanayake K, Godakumara K, Midekessa G, Andronowska A, Heath PR, Kodithuwakku S, Hart AR, Fazeli A. Effect of 3D and 2D cell culture systems on trophoblast extracellular vesicle physico-chemical characteristics and potency. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1382552. [PMID: 38835509 PMCID: PMC11148233 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1382552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The growing understanding of the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in embryo-maternal communication has sparked considerable interest in their therapeutic potential within assisted reproductive technology, particularly in enhancing implantation success. However, the major obstacle remains the large-scale production of EVs, and there is still a gap in understanding how different culture systems affect the characteristics of the EVs. In the current study, trophoblast analogue human chorionic carcinoma cell line was cultivated in both conventional monolayer culture (2D) and as spheroids in suspension culture (3D) and how the cell growth environment affects the physical, biochemical and cellular signalling properties of EVs produced by them was studied. Interestingly, the 3D system was more active in secreting EVs compared to the 2D system, while no significant differences were observed in terms of morphology, size, and classical EV protein marker expression between EVs derived from the two culture systems. There were substantial differences in the proteomic cargo profile and cellular signalling potency of EVs derived from the two culture systems. Notably, 2D EVs were more potent in inducing a cellular response in endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) compared to 3D EVs. Therefore, it is essential to recognize that the biological activity of EVs depends not only on the cell of origin but also on the cellular microenvironment of the parent cell. In conclusion, caution is warranted when selecting an EV production platform, especially for assessing the functional and therapeutic potential of EVs through in vitro studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norhayati Liaqat Ali Khan
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Centre of Preclinical Science Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, University Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sg. Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Subhashini Muhandiram
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Keerthie Dissanayake
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kasun Godakumara
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Getnet Midekessa
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Aneta Andronowska
- Department of Hormonal Action Mechanisms, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Paul R Heath
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Suranga Kodithuwakku
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Amber Rose Hart
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Alireza Fazeli
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Keleş ID, Günel T, Özgör BY, Ülgen E, Gümüşoğlu E, Hosseini MK, Sezerman U, Buyru F, Yeh J, Baştu E. Gene pathway analysis of the endometrium at the start of the window of implantation in women with unexplained infertility and unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss: is unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss a subset of unexplained infertility? HUM FERTIL 2023; 26:1129-1141. [PMID: 36369952 DOI: 10.1080/14647273.2022.2143299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to understand differences/similarities in the genetic profile of the endometrium at the start of window of implantation (WOI) in women with unexplained infertility (UI) and unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (uRPL). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the endometrium were evaluated using gene expression array and pathway enrichment analysis was performed to analyse gene expression pathways involved in both conditions. We found 2,171 genes arranged in 117 pathways and 730 genes arranged in 33 pathways differentially expressed in endometrium of patients in UI and uRPL, respectively. Complement-coagulation cascades, morphine addiction pathway, and PI3K-Akt signalling pathway were predominantly differentially expressed in UI. Cancer pathways, NF-κB signalling pathway, and actin cytoskeleton regulation pathway showed significant changes in uRPL. Forty-eight percent of DEGs and 84% of differentially expressed pathways in uRPL were found in the endometrium of UI patients. Unexpected close association in gene expression pathways between UI and uRPL is observed supporting the hypothesis 'uRPL is a clinical subset of UI'. Yet 100% DEGs overlap wasn't found suggesting the endometrium has still some different gene expression patterns at start of WOI in UI and uRPL. Lastly, diagnostic tools may be developed for uRPL because more specific genes-pathways are involved compared with UI, which shows broader genetic expression profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irem Demiral Keleş
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tuba Günel
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahar Yüksel Özgör
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ege Ülgen
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Acibadem University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ece Gümüşoğlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Uğur Sezerman
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Acibadem University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Faruk Buyru
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Acibadem University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - John Yeh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UMass Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Ercan Baştu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Acibadem University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Alexandrova M, Manchorova D, You Y, Terzieva A, Dimitrova V, Mor G, Dimova T. Validation of the Sw71-spheroid model with primary trophoblast cells. Am J Reprod Immunol 2023; 90:e13800. [PMID: 38009060 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Human implantation is a limiting factor for the success of natural and IVF reproduction since about 60% of pregnancy losses occur in the peri-implantation period. The in vitro modeling of human implantation challenges the researchers in accurate recreation of the complex in vivo differentiation and function of human blastocyst in the peri-implantation period. In previous studies, we constructed Sw71-spheroid models, which like human blastocyst undergo compactization, attaches to the endometrial epithelium, invade, and migrate. The aim of this study was to validate the trophoblast Sw71-spheroid model with primary trophoblast cells, derived from healthy women in early pregnancy. METHOD OF STUDY We performed a direct comparison of Sw71-spheroid model with placenta-derived primary trophoblasts regarding their hybrid phenotype and HLA status, as well as the ability to generate spheroids able to migrate and invade. From the primary trophoblast cells, isolated by mild enzymatic treatment and Percoll gradient separation, were generated long-lived clones, which phenotype was assessed by FACS and immunocytochemistry. RESULTS Our results showed that cultured primary trophoblasts have the EVT phenotype (Vim+/CK7+/HLA-C+/HLA-G+), like Sw71 cells. In both 3D culture settings, we obtained stable, round-shaped, multilayered spheroids. Although constructed from the same number of cells, the primary trophoblast spheroids were smaller. The primary trophoblast spheroids migrate successfully, and in term of invasion are equally potent but less stable as compared to Sw71 spheroids. CONCLUSIONS The Sw71 cell line and cultured native trophoblast cells are interchangeable regarding their EVT phenotype (HLA-C+/HLA-G+/Vim+/CK7+). The blastocyst-like spheroids sourced by both types of cells differentiate in the same time frame and function similarly. We strongly advise the use of Sw71 spheroids as blastocyst surrogate for observation on trophectoderm differentiation and function during early human implantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Alexandrova
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction "Acad. Kiril Bratanov", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Diana Manchorova
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction "Acad. Kiril Bratanov", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Yuan You
- C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Antonia Terzieva
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction "Acad. Kiril Bratanov", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Violeta Dimitrova
- Fetal medicine clinic, Medical University, University Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital "Maichin Dom", Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Gil Mor
- C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Tanya Dimova
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction "Acad. Kiril Bratanov", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Faheem MS, Ghanem N, Samy R, Barkawi AH. Molecular, enzymatic responses and in vitro embryonic developmental competency of heat-shocked buffalo embryos co-cultured with granulosa cells monolayer. Theriogenology 2023; 211:203-211. [PMID: 37659251 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to establish a suitable alternative approach to mitigate the adverse effect of high culture temperature on in vitro embryo development and the related molecular response in buffalo. Pre-cultured granulosa cells (GCs) were used as a monolayer during in vitro embryo culture until day 8 (day of fertilization = D0). Post fertilization, presumptive embryos were randomly assigned into two culture conditions: embryos cultured in the presence of GCs monolayer under normal culture temperature (N: 38.5 °C; GEN group) or heat shock (H: 40.5 °C; GEH group) and their counterpart groups of embryos cultured without GCs (EN and EH groups). Additionally, two groups of GCs monolayer were cultured without embryos up to day 8 under 38.5 °C (GN) or 40.5 °C (GH) for further spent culture media enzymatic analyses. Heat shock was administered for the first 2 h of culture then continued at 38.5 °C until day 8. The results indicated that under heat treatment, GCs enhanced (P ≤ 0.05) embryo cleavage and development (day 8) rates, which were comparable to the embryos cultured at 38.5 °C. On the molecular level, blastocysts of the GEH group showed similar expressions of metabolism-regulating genes (CPT2 and SlC2A1/GLUT1) and an antioxidant gene (SOD2) when compared to the blastocysts of the EN group. The relative expression of HSP90 was significantly up-regulated under heat shock and/or co-culture conditions. However, HSF1 expression was increased (P ≤ 0.05) in the GEH group. No statistical differences were observed among the study groups for the pluripotency gene NANOG, and stress resistance transcript NFE2L2. Regarding the enzymatic profile, the concentrations of SOD, total protein, and MDA were decreased (P ≤ 0.05) in the GEH group compared to the cultured GCs without embryos (GH group). In conclusion, GCs as a monolayer have a beneficial impact on alleviating heat stress at the zygote stage through the regulatory mechanisms of metabolic activity, defense system, and heat shock response genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marwa S Faheem
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt; Cairo University Research Park (CURP), Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Nasser Ghanem
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Romysa Samy
- Cairo University Research Park (CURP), Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Hesham Barkawi
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt; Dubai Police Academy, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Toma C, Kuramoto G, Homma J, Sakaguchi K, Shimizu T. In-Vitro Decidualization With Different Progesterone Concentration: Development of a Hormone-Responsive 3D Endometrial Tissue Using Rat Endometrial Tissues. Cureus 2023; 15:e49613. [PMID: 38033443 PMCID: PMC10685080 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Infertility in women is associated with various uterine and ovarian disorders. Treatment strategies for infertility can range from medications to embryo implantation through assisted reproductive technology (ART). ART has enabled considerable progress; however, there is currently no treatment to replace the endometrium itself. Decidualization requires a complex interaction between endometrial tissue and estrogen and progesterone. We aimed to create a three-dimensional endometrial-like tissue model using in-vitro cell sheet engineering with rat endometrium, and culture cells at different progesterone concentrations to mimic local concentrations. Histological and morphological changes revealed that development of the endometrial-like tissue was not proportional to progesterone concentrations in terms of thickness, number of endometrial glands, or area fraction of intimal glands. These results suggest that decidualization may not be commensurate with the local endometrial progesterone concentration. Notably, the number of endometrial glands increased in the high concentration group and compaction occurred, indicating that the endometrial conditions in the high concentration group may be most conducive to increase pregnancy rates. These findings suggest that there may be an "optimal progesterone concentration" for decidualization, application of which may lead to new strategies for improving pregnancy rates in women with infertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Toma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, JPN
| | - Goro Kuramoto
- Department of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, The Center for Advanced Reproductive Medicine, Fujita Medical Innovation Center Tokyo, Tokyo, JPN
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, TWIns, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, JPN
| | - Jun Homma
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, TWIns, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, JPN
| | - Katsuhisa Sakaguchi
- Department of Medical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Tokyo City University, Tokyo, JPN
| | - Tatsuya Shimizu
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, TWIns, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, JPN
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Anoshko Y, Dons'koi B, Sudoma I, Khazhylenko K, Zabara D, Goncharova Y. Changes in the immunophenotype of endometrium during implantation window receptivity formation in healthy fertile women. Placenta 2023; 143:62-68. [PMID: 37862735 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endometrial receptivity is largely determined by the immunophenotype of endometrium, especially uterine NK-cells (uNK). Immune component is directly involved in the formation of favourable microenvironment for the blastocyst implantation and placenta formation, but the way it changes during the maturation of endometrial tissue in healthy fertile women is still underexplored. METHODS The endometrium was collected from 47 healthy oocyte donors after controlled ovarian stimulation: 23 women on the day of oocytes retrieval (OR) and 24 women on the term of implantation window (IW). The OR group was analysed, published previously and used as a comparison group to show the dynamic of changes. Isolated endometrial lymphocytes and peripheral blood samples were stained with monoclonal antibodies and analysed according to the three-color flow cytometry protocol. RESULTS The proportion of NK-cells (CD3-CD56+) in endometrium grew significantly in the implantation window compared to the oocytes retrieval day. NK-cells acquired a more differentiated phenotype from the day of OR until IW: the expression of CD8 and CD158a significantly increased, while the expression of HLA-DR significantly decreased. Significant correlations between peripheral blood and endometrial NK-cells were found in CD8 expression during OR and IW, CD335(p46)neg and CD335(p46)++ subsets during IW term. DISCUSSION Immunophenotype of receptive endometrium forms due to the accumulation of uNK-cells, which actively proliferate, become mature, differentiative, and ready to meet the embryo. Endometrial immunophenotype is peculiar and specific but not autonomic and isolated. Differentiation (CD8 on NK-cells), and activity (p46 on NK-cells) of peripheral blood lymphocytes is reflected in endometrial lymphocytes profile, and therefore the research of peripheral blood immunophenotype is relevant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslava Anoshko
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Named After Academician O. Lukyanova of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Mayborody St, 8, 04050, Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - Boris Dons'koi
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Named After Academician O. Lukyanova of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Mayborody St, 8, 04050, Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - Iryna Sudoma
- "NADIYA" Clinic, Maksyma Kryvonosa St, 19a, 03037, Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - Ksenia Khazhylenko
- Gryschenko Clinic "RID" Fertility Centre, Povitroflotskyi Ave, 38, 03186, Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - Dariia Zabara
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Named After Academician O. Lukyanova of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Mayborody St, 8, 04050, Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - Yana Goncharova
- "LELEKA" Maternity Hospital, Kvitky Tsisyk St, 56, 04075, Kyiv, Ukraine.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Le TTV, Lam HM, Nguyen MTN, Phan NTH, Huynh TNK, Le HNT, Pham CTH, Tang VKH, Hoang TTT, Hoang TTD, Tran HLB. Effect of Blood Gel Derivatives on Wound Healing in Mouse Injured Tissue Models. Gels 2023; 9:785. [PMID: 37888358 PMCID: PMC10606021 DOI: 10.3390/gels9100785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Several previous studies in the field of assisted reproduction have focused on the use of blood gel derivatives, such as platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), as a treatment for endometrial rehabilitation. However, the ability to release growth factors and the gel form of this product led to the evolution of platelet lysates. In this study, blood gel derivatives, including PRF lysate, which was in liquid form, and PRF gel, were collected and evaluated for growth factors. It was shown to be effective in endometrial wound healing and regeneration in mouse injured uterine tissue models through structure and function (pinopode expression, embryo implantation) evaluation. The results demonstrated that the concentrations of growth factors, including PDGF-AB and VEGF-A, were higher in the PRF lysate compared to the PRF gel (p < 0.05). PRF lysate could release these growth factors for 8 days. Furthermore, both PRF gel and PRF lysate restored the morphology of injured endometrial tissues in terms of luminal and glandular epithelia, as well as uterine gland secretory activity. However, the presence of pinopodes and embryonic implantation were only observed in the PRF lysate group. It can be concluded that PRF lysate promotes wound healing in mouse injured tissue models in vitro, which can act as healing products in tissue repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuyet Thi Vi Le
- Department of Physiology and Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Science, VNU-HCM, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam; (T.T.V.L.); (M.T.N.N.); (N.T.H.P.)
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Biomedical Materials, University of Science, VNU-HCM, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam;
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Minh Lam
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Biomedical Materials, University of Science, VNU-HCM, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam;
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - My Thi Ngoc Nguyen
- Department of Physiology and Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Science, VNU-HCM, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam; (T.T.V.L.); (M.T.N.N.); (N.T.H.P.)
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Biomedical Materials, University of Science, VNU-HCM, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam;
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Nghia Thi Hieu Phan
- Department of Physiology and Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Science, VNU-HCM, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam; (T.T.V.L.); (M.T.N.N.); (N.T.H.P.)
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Biomedical Materials, University of Science, VNU-HCM, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam;
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Trang Nguyen Khanh Huynh
- Hung Vuong Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam; (T.N.K.H.); (H.N.T.L.); (C.T.H.P.); (V.K.H.T.); (T.T.T.H.); (T.T.D.H.)
| | - Hien Nguyen Trong Le
- Hung Vuong Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam; (T.N.K.H.); (H.N.T.L.); (C.T.H.P.); (V.K.H.T.); (T.T.T.H.); (T.T.D.H.)
| | - Chau Thi Hai Pham
- Hung Vuong Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam; (T.N.K.H.); (H.N.T.L.); (C.T.H.P.); (V.K.H.T.); (T.T.T.H.); (T.T.D.H.)
| | - Van Kim Hoang Tang
- Hung Vuong Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam; (T.N.K.H.); (H.N.T.L.); (C.T.H.P.); (V.K.H.T.); (T.T.T.H.); (T.T.D.H.)
| | - Trang Thi Thuy Hoang
- Hung Vuong Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam; (T.N.K.H.); (H.N.T.L.); (C.T.H.P.); (V.K.H.T.); (T.T.T.H.); (T.T.D.H.)
| | - Tuyet Thi Diem Hoang
- Hung Vuong Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam; (T.N.K.H.); (H.N.T.L.); (C.T.H.P.); (V.K.H.T.); (T.T.T.H.); (T.T.D.H.)
| | - Ha Le Bao Tran
- Department of Physiology and Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Science, VNU-HCM, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam; (T.T.V.L.); (M.T.N.N.); (N.T.H.P.)
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Biomedical Materials, University of Science, VNU-HCM, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam;
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Heller DS, Cramer SF, Turner BM. Abnormal Uterine Involution May Lead to Atony and Postpartum Hemorrhage: A Hypothesis, With Review of the Evidence. Pediatr Dev Pathol 2023; 26:429-436. [PMID: 37672676 DOI: 10.1177/10935266231194698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Uterine involution has 2 major components-(1) involution of vessels; and (2) involution of myometrium. Involution of vessels was addressed by Rutherford and Hertig in 1945; however, involution of myometrium has received little attention in the modern literature. We suggest that the pathophysiology of myometrial involution may lead to uterine atony and postpartum hemorrhage. The myometrium dramatically enlarges due to gestational hyperplasia and hypertrophy of myocytes, caused by hormonal influences of the fetal adrenal cortex and the placenta. After delivery, uterine weight drops rapidly, with physiologic involution of myometrium associated with massive destruction of myometrial tissue. The resulting histopathology, supported by scientific evidence, may be termed "postpartum metropathy," and may explain the delay of postpartum menstrual periods until the completion of involution. When uterine atony causes uncontrolled hemorrhage, postpartum hysterectomy examination may be the responsibility of the perinatal pathologist.Postpartum metropathy may be initiated when delivery of the baby terminates exposure to the hormonal influence of the fetal adrenal cortex, and may be accelerated when placental delivery terminates exposure to human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG). This hypothesis may explain why a prolonged third stage of labor, and delays in management, are risk factors for severe hemorrhage due to uterine atony.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debra S Heller
- Department of Pathology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Stewart F Cramer
- Department of Pathology, Highland Hospital and Rochester General Hospital, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Bradley M Turner
- Department of Pathology, Highland Hospital and Rochester General Hospital, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abel A, Sozen B. Shifting early embryology paradigms: Applications of stem cell-based embryo models in bioengineering. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2023; 81:102069. [PMID: 37392541 PMCID: PMC10530566 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2023.102069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Technologies to reproduce specific aspects of early mammalian embryogenesis in vitro using stem cells have skyrocketed over the last several years. With these advances, we have gained new perspectives on how embryonic and extraembryonic cells self-organize to form the embryo. These reductionist approaches hold promise for the future implementation of precise environmental and genetic controls to understand variables affecting embryo development. Our review discusses recent progress in cellular models of early mammalian embryo development and bioengineering advancements that can be leveraged to study the embryo-maternal interface. We summarize current gaps in the field, emphasizing the importance of understanding how intercellular interactions at this interface contribute to reproductive and developmental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Abel
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. https://twitter.com/@caitrionacunn
| | - Berna Sozen
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ghorbanpour SM, Richards C, Pienaar D, Sesperez K, Aboulkheyr Es H, Nikolic VN, Karadzov Orlic N, Mikovic Z, Stefanovic M, Cakic Z, Alqudah A, Cole L, Gorrie C, McGrath K, Kavurma MM, Ebrahimi Warkiani M, McClements L. A placenta-on-a-chip model to determine the regulation of FKBPL and galectin-3 in preeclampsia. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:44. [PMID: 36652019 PMCID: PMC9849194 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04648-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific cardiovascular disorder, involving significant maternal endothelial dysfunction. Although inappropriate placentation due to aberrant angiogenesis, inflammation and shallow trophoblast invasion are the root causes of preeclampsia, pathogenic mechanisms are poorly understood, particularly in early pregnancy. Here, we first confirm the abnormal expression of important vascular and inflammatory proteins, FK506-binding protein-like (FKBPL) and galectin-3 (Gal-3), in human plasma and placental tissues from women with preeclampsia and normotensive controls. We then employ a three-dimensional microfluidic placental model incorporating human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and a first trimester trophoblast cell line (ACH-3P) to investigate FKBPL and Gal-3 signaling in inflammatory conditions. In human samples, both circulating (n = 17 controls; n = 30 preeclampsia) and placental (n ≥ 6) FKBPL and Gal-3 levels were increased in preeclampsia compared to controls (plasma: FKBPL, p < 0.0001; Gal-3, p < 0.01; placenta: FKBPL, p < 0.05; Gal-3, p < 0.01), indicative of vascular dysfunction in preeclampsia. In our placenta-on-a-chip model, we show that endothelial cells are critical for trophoblast-mediated migration and that trophoblasts effectively remodel endothelial vascular networks. Inflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor-α (10 ng/mL) modulates both FKBPL and Gal-3 signaling in conjunction with trophoblast migration and impairs vascular network formation (p < 0.005). Our placenta-on-a-chip recapitulates aspects of inappropriate placental development and vascular dysfunction in preeclampsia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Masoumeh Ghorbanpour
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Claire Richards
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dillan Pienaar
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kimberly Sesperez
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hamidreza Aboulkheyr Es
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Valentina N Nikolic
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Niš, Serbia
| | - Natasa Karadzov Orlic
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Narodni Front, Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zeljko Mikovic
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Narodni Front, Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Stefanovic
- Department of Internal Medicine-Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Niš, Serbia
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Centre Nis, Niš, Serbia
| | - Zoran Cakic
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, General Hospital of Leskovac, Leskovac, Serbia
| | - Abdelrahim Alqudah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Louise Cole
- Australian Institute of Microbiology and Infection, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Catherine Gorrie
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kristine McGrath
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mary M Kavurma
- Heart Research Institute,The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Majid Ebrahimi Warkiani
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lana McClements
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chia SPS, Kong SLY, Pang JKS, Soh BS. 3D Human Organoids: The Next “Viral” Model for the Molecular Basis of Infectious Diseases. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071541. [PMID: 35884846 PMCID: PMC9312734 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has driven the scientific community to adopt an efficient and reliable model that could keep up with the infectious disease arms race. Coinciding with the pandemic, three dimensional (3D) human organoids technology has also gained traction in the field of infectious disease. An in vitro construct that can closely resemble the in vivo organ, organoid technology could bridge the gap between the traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture and animal models. By harnessing the multi-lineage characteristic of the organoid that allows for the recapitulation of the organotypic structure and functions, 3D human organoids have emerged as an essential tool in the field of infectious disease research. In this review, we will be providing a comparison between conventional systems and organoid models. We will also be highlighting how organoids played a role in modelling common infectious diseases and molecular mechanisms behind the pathogenesis of causative agents. Additionally, we present the limitations associated with the current organoid models and innovative strategies that could resolve these shortcomings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Pei Shan Chia
- Disease Modeling and Therapeutics Laboratory, ASTAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore 138673, Singapore; (S.P.S.C.); (S.L.Y.K.); (J.K.S.P.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117558, Singapore
| | - Sharleen Li Ying Kong
- Disease Modeling and Therapeutics Laboratory, ASTAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore 138673, Singapore; (S.P.S.C.); (S.L.Y.K.); (J.K.S.P.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117558, Singapore
| | - Jeremy Kah Sheng Pang
- Disease Modeling and Therapeutics Laboratory, ASTAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore 138673, Singapore; (S.P.S.C.); (S.L.Y.K.); (J.K.S.P.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117558, Singapore
| | - Boon-Seng Soh
- Disease Modeling and Therapeutics Laboratory, ASTAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore 138673, Singapore; (S.P.S.C.); (S.L.Y.K.); (J.K.S.P.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117558, Singapore
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Modeling Endometrium Biology and Disease. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12071048. [PMID: 35887546 PMCID: PMC9316888 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12071048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The endometrium, lining the uterine lumen, is highly essential for human reproduction. Its exceptional remodeling plasticity, including the transformation process to welcome and nest the embryo, is not well understood. Lack of representative and reliable study models allowing the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying endometrium development and biology to be deciphered is an important hurdle to progress in the field. Recently, powerful organoid models have been developed that not only recapitulate endometrial biology such as the menstrual cycle, but also faithfully reproduce diseases of the endometrium such as endometriosis. Moreover, single-cell profiling endeavors of the endometrium in health and disease, and of derived organoids, start to provide deeper insight into cellular complexity and expression specificities, and in resulting tissue processes. This granular portrayal will not only help in understanding endometrium biology and disease, but also in pinning down the tissue’s stem cells, at present not yet conclusively defined. Here, we provide a general overview of endometrium development and biology, and the efforts of modeling both the healthy tissue, as well as its key diseased form of endometriosis. The future of modeling and deciphering this key tissue, hidden inside the womb, looks bright.
Collapse
|
13
|
Guo J, Li Y, Gao Z, Lyu J, Liu W, Duan Y, Zhou L, Gu Q. 3D printed controllable microporous scaffolds support embryonic development in vitro. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:3408-3420. [PMID: 35699648 PMCID: PMC9545995 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the complex molecular and cellular events occurring during implantation, which represents a critical step for pregnancy. The conventional 2D culture could not support postimplantation embryos' normal development, and 3D conditions shed light into the “black box”. 3D printing technology has been widely used in recapitulating the structure and function of native tissues in vitro. Here, we 3D printed anisotropic microporous scaffolds to culture embryos by manipulating the advancing angle between printed layers, which affected embryo development. The 30° and 60° scaffolds promote embryo development with moderate embryo‐scaffold attachments. T‐positive cells and FOXA2‐positive cells were observed to appear in the posterior region of the embryo and migrated to the anterior region of the embryo on day 7. These findings demonstrate a 3D printed stand that supports embryonic development in vitro and the critical role of 3D architecture for embryo implantation, in which additive manufacturing is a versatile tool.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Guo
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Postdoctoral Workstation, Precision Medicine Center of Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Kidney Disease Institute, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zili Gao
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiawei Lyu
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenli Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongchao Duan
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lixun Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Gu
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ai Z, Yin Y, Niu B, Li T. Deconstructing human peri-implantation embryogenesis based on embryos and embryoids. Biol Reprod 2022; 107:212-225. [PMID: 35552636 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The peri-implantation period from blastula to gastrula is one of the crucial stages of human embryo and stem cell development. During development, human embryos undergo many crucial events, such as embryonic lineage differentiation and development, structural self-assembly, pluripotency state transition, cell communication between lineages, and crosstalk between the embryo and uterus. Abnormalities in these developmental events will result in implantation failure or pregnancy loss. However, because of ethical and technical limits, the developmental dynamics of human peri-implantation embryos and the underlying mechanisms of abnormal development remain in a "black box". In this review, we summarize recent progress made towards our understanding of human peri-implantation embryogenesis based on extended in vitro cultured embryos and stem cell-based embryoids. These findings lay an important foundation for understanding early life, promoting research into human stem cells and their application, and preventing and treating infertility. We also propose key scientific issues regarding peri-implantation embryogenesis and provide an outlook on future study directions. Finally, we sum up China's contribution to the field and future opportunities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zongyong Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research; Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Yu Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research; Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Baohua Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research; Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Tianqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research; Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chen X, Fernando SR, Lee YL, Yeung WSB, Ng EHY, Li RHW, Lee KF. High-Throughput In Vitro Screening Identified Nemadipine as a Novel Suppressor of Embryo Implantation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095073. [PMID: 35563464 PMCID: PMC9103851 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Current contraceptive methods interfere with folliculogenesis, fertilization, and embryo implantation by physical or hormonal approaches. Although hormonal contraceptive pills are effective in regulating egg formation, they are less effective in preventing embryo implantation. To explore the use of non-hormonal compounds that suppress embryo implantation, we established a high-throughput spheroid-endometrial epithelial cell co-culture assay to screen the Library of Pharmacologically Active Compounds (LOPAC) for compounds that affect trophoblastic spheroid (blastocyst surrogate) attachment onto endometrial epithelial Ishikawa cells. We identified 174 out of 1280 LOPAC that significantly suppressed BeWo spheroid attachment onto endometrial Ishikawa cells. Among the top 20 compounds, we found the one with the lowest cytotoxicity in Ishikawa cells, P11B5, which was later identified as Nemadipine-A. Nemadipine-A at 10 µM also suppressed BeWo spheroid attachment onto endometrial epithelial RL95-2 cells and primary human endometrial epithelial cells (hEECs) isolated from LH +7/8-day endometrial biopsies. Mice at 1.5 days post coitum (dpc) treated with a transcervical injection of 100 µg/kg Nemadipine-A or 500 µg/kg PRI-724 (control, Wnt-inhibitor), but not 10 µg/kg Nemadipine-A, suppressed embryo implantation compared with controls. The transcript expressions of endometrial receptivity markers, integrin αV (ITGAV) and mucin 1 (MUC1), but not β-catenin (CTNNB1), were significantly decreased at 2.5 dpc in the uterus of treated mice compared with controls. The reduction of embryo implantation by Nemadipine-A was likely mediated through suppressing endometrial receptivity molecules ITGAV and MUC1. Nemadipine-A is a potential novel non-hormonal compound for contraception.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xian Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (X.C.); (S.R.F.); (Y.-L.L.); (W.S.-B.Y.); (E.H.-Y.N.); (R.H.-W.L.)
| | - Sudini Ranshaya Fernando
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (X.C.); (S.R.F.); (Y.-L.L.); (W.S.-B.Y.); (E.H.-Y.N.); (R.H.-W.L.)
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Export Agriculture, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla 90000, Sri Lanka
| | - Yin-Lau Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (X.C.); (S.R.F.); (Y.-L.L.); (W.S.-B.Y.); (E.H.-Y.N.); (R.H.-W.L.)
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - William Shu-Biu Yeung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (X.C.); (S.R.F.); (Y.-L.L.); (W.S.-B.Y.); (E.H.-Y.N.); (R.H.-W.L.)
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Ernest Hung-Yu Ng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (X.C.); (S.R.F.); (Y.-L.L.); (W.S.-B.Y.); (E.H.-Y.N.); (R.H.-W.L.)
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Raymond Hang-Wun Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (X.C.); (S.R.F.); (Y.-L.L.); (W.S.-B.Y.); (E.H.-Y.N.); (R.H.-W.L.)
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Kai-Fai Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (X.C.); (S.R.F.); (Y.-L.L.); (W.S.-B.Y.); (E.H.-Y.N.); (R.H.-W.L.)
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +852-28161947
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rawlings TM, Makwana K, Tryfonos M, Lucas ES. Organoids to model the endometrium: implantation and beyond. REPRODUCTION AND FERTILITY 2022; 2:R85-R101. [PMID: 35118399 PMCID: PMC8801025 DOI: 10.1530/raf-21-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in assisted reproductive techniques in the 4 decades since the first human birth after in vitro fertilisation, 1–2% of couples experience recurrent implantation failure, and some will never achieve a successful pregnancy even in the absence of a confirmed dysfunction. Furthermore, 1–2% of couples who do conceive, either naturally or with assistance, will experience recurrent early loss of karyotypically normal pregnancies. In both cases, embryo-endometrial interaction is a clear candidate for exploration. The impossibility of studying implantation processes within the human body has necessitated the use of animal models and cell culture approaches. Recent advances in 3-dimensional modelling techniques, namely the advent of organoids, present an exciting opportunity to elucidate the unanswerable within human reproduction. In this review, we will explore the ontogeny of implantation modelling and propose a roadmap to application and discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Rawlings
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Komal Makwana
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Maria Tryfonos
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Emma S Lucas
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Centre for Early Life, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Huang W, Fong SW, Yeung WSB, Lee YL. Human Trophectoderm Spheroid Derived from Human Embryonic Stem Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2520:181-187. [PMID: 35218527 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2021_460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The use of human embryos for studying the early implantation processes and trophoblast is restricted by ethical concerns. The development of models mimicking the peri-implantation embryos is critical for understanding the physiology of human embryos and many pathophysiological disorders including recurrent implantation failure and miscarriage. Three-dimensional (3D) models of trophoblastic spheroids have been successfully derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESC). Simultaneous activation of the BMP pathway and blockage of the Activin/Nodal pathway favor the differentiation of hESC into trophoblast. Here we describe a 3D trophectoderm differentiation protocol with the use of BAP (BMP4, A83-01, and PD173074) to generate hESC-derived trophectoderm spheroids (BAP-EB). BAP-EB is highly reproducible and exhibits morphological and transcriptomic similarities to human early blastocysts.
Collapse
|
18
|
Han S, Liu M, Liu S, Li Y. Transcriptomic analysis of human endometrial stromal cells during early embryo invasion. Ann Med 2021; 53:1758-1771. [PMID: 34643467 PMCID: PMC8519554 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2021.1988139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE During early embryo invasion (48 h after embryo attachment), what functional changes accompany dynamic gene expression alterations in human endometrial stromal cells? METHOD In the present study, primary human endometrial stromal cells (phESCs) were cultured. After in vitro decidualization, primary human endometrial stromal cells (phESCs) were cultured with blastocysts for 48 h. During this process, blastocysts attached and invaded the phESCs (embryo-invaded primary human endometrial stromal cells, ehESCs). We performed comprehensive transcriptomic profiling of phESCs (two replicates) and ehESCs (five replicates) and analyzed the differentially expressed gene (DEGs) sets for gene ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto encyclopaedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment. To analyse potential connectivity patterns between the transcripts in these DEG sets, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the STRING database. RESULTS A total of 592 DEGs were identified between phESCs and ehESCs after embryo invasion. Primary human endometrial stromal cells underwent significant transcriptomic changes that occur in a stepwise fashion. Oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial organization, and P53 signalling pathways were significantly altered in phESCs after embryo invasion. EP300 may play a key role in regulating transcription via chromatin remodelling to facilitate the adaptive gene expression changes that occur during embryo invasion. CONCLUSIONS Our data identify dynamic transcriptome changes that occur in endometrial stromal cells within 48 h after embryo invasion. The pathways that we found to be enriched in phESCs after embryo invasion (oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial organization, and P53 signalling) may represent novel mechanisms underlying embryo implantation, and may illuminate the reasons that some women experience reproductive failure.Key messagesHuman endometrial stromal cells have undergone changes in gene expression regulation and signalling pathways during the embryo invasion.Mitochondrial-oxidative phosphorylation changes in human stromal cells manifested as down-regulation of gene expression in the electron transport chain.TP53 signalling pathway and transcriptional regulator EP300 assist stromal cells to get adaptive changes during embryo invasion phase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Han
- Medical Center for Human Reproduction, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Minghui Liu
- Medical Center for Human Reproduction, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Medical Center for Human Reproduction, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Medical Center for Human Reproduction, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Potential innate immunity-related markers of endometrial receptivity and recurrent implantation failure (RIF). Reprod Biol 2021; 21:100569. [PMID: 34808454 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2021.100569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The successful implantation of the embryo into a receptive endometrium is essential for the establishment of a viable pregnancy while recurrent implantation failure (RIF) is a real challenge in assisted reproduction. The maternal innate immune system, specifically the Toll-like receptors (TLRs), are involved in maintaining immunity in the female reproductive tract (FRT) required for fertility. In this study, we aimed to investigate the importance of innate immunity-related gene expression in the regulation of human fertility and as a prediction of potential outcome of in vitro fertilization - embryo transfer (IVF-ET), thus, we assessed the gene expression levels of TLR signalling molecules using quantitative real-time PCR between endometrial biopsies of healthy fertile women, and the patients experiencing RIF. Interestingly, our results showed that, TRIB2 and TLR9 genes were differentially expressed between the endometrial biopsies of healthy women and those with RIF. However, comparing expression levels of same genes between pre-receptive and receptive healthy endometrial biopsies showed different genes (ICAM1, NFKBIA, VCAM1, LIF, VEGFB, TLR5) had significantly altered expression, suggesting their involvement in endometrial receptivity. Thus, further investigations will enable us to better understand the role of these genes in the biology of FRT and as a possible target for the improvement of infertility treatments and/or development of non-hormonal contraception.
Collapse
|
20
|
You Y, Stelzl P, Joseph DN, Aldo PB, Maxwell AJ, Dekel N, Liao A, Whirledge S, Mor G. TNF-α Regulated Endometrial Stroma Secretome Promotes Trophoblast Invasion. Front Immunol 2021; 12:737401. [PMID: 34790194 PMCID: PMC8591203 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.737401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Successful implantation requires the coordinated migration and invasion of trophoblast cells from out of the blastocyst and into the endometrium. This process relies on signals produced by cells in the maternal endometrium. However, the relative contribution of stroma cells remains unclear. The study of human implantation has major technical limitations, therefore the need of in vitro models to elucidate the molecular mechanisms. Using a recently described 3D in vitro models we evaluated the interaction between trophoblasts and human endometrial stroma cells (hESC), we assessed the process of trophoblast migration and invasion in the presence of stroma derived factors. We demonstrate that hESC promotes trophoblast invasion through the generation of an inflammatory environment modulated by TNF-α. We also show the role of stromal derived IL-17 as a promoter of trophoblast migration through the induction of essential genes that confer invasive capacity to cells of the trophectoderm. In conclusion, we describe the characterization of a cellular inflammatory network that may be important for blastocyst implantation. Our findings provide a new insight into the complexity of the implantation process and reveal the importance of inflammation for embryo implantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan You
- C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Patrick Stelzl
- Department for Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecological Endocrinology, Kepler University Hospital Linz, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Dana N Joseph
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Paulomi B Aldo
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Anthony J Maxwell
- C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Nava Dekel
- Department of Biological Regulation, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Aihua Liao
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shannon Whirledge
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Gil Mor
- C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Girardi G, Bremer AA. Advancing research on recurrent pregnancy loss: Overcoming obstacles and opportunities for translation. Am J Reprod Immunol 2021; 87:e13508. [PMID: 34716735 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is one of the most complex and challenging scenarios in reproductive medicine. New theories about the mechanisms behind RPL have recently emerged, highlighting the multifactorial nature of this serious pregnancy complication. Unfortunately, these preclinical observations are rarely validated in the human scenario, where treatment remains ineffective and empirical. New technologies such as organoids, organ-on-a-chip, and 3D printing can be used to characterize the molecular cross talk between the uterine environment with its unique inflammatory cells and the developing embryo. Understanding the mechanisms behind RPL and identifying mediators and effectors and validating these targets for prevention and therapy in humans will have a profound impact on women's health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermina Girardi
- Pregnancy and Perinatology Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrew A Bremer
- Pregnancy and Perinatology Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Main actors behind the endometrial receptivity and successful implantation. Tissue Cell 2021; 73:101656. [PMID: 34634636 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Embryo implantation occurs during a short period of time, the implantation window, in the mid-secretory phase of the menstrual cycle. The cross-talk between the endometrium and the embryo, at the stage of blastocyst, is a necessary condition for successful implantation. Till now, no single molecule or receptor has been identified to play an essential role on embryo implantation but a huge number of mediators, including cytokines, lipids, adhesion molecules, growth factors, and others, are reported to support the establishment of pregnancy. Therefore, the aim of this review is not only to describe the different actors involved in the implantation process, but also to try to characterize the relationships between these factors as well as their time-regulated activation. Moreover, the availability of in vitro culture systems to study the interactions between embryo and endometrium as well as the paracrine communication regulated by exosomal vesicles will be investigated, as an innovative approach for a more precise characterization of the interactions between the different molecules involved in this process. The in-depth knowledge of all these complex mechanisms will allow to address the reasons of implantation failure and infertility, thus providing new avenues for promoting the successful establishment of a pregnancy.
Collapse
|
23
|
Halari CD, Nandi P, Jeyarajah MJ, Renaud SJ, Lala PK. Decorin production by the human decidua: role in decidual cell maturation. Mol Hum Reprod 2021; 26:784-796. [PMID: 32866233 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaaa058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Decidualization involves the proliferation and differentiation of fibroblast-like endometrial stromal cells into epithelioid-shaped and secretory 'decidual' cells in response to steroid hormones. Human decidual cells produce insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 and prolactin (PRL), two well-recognized markers of decidual cell maturation and a proteoglycan decorin (DCN). We reported that DCN restrains the human trophoblast renewal, migration, invasion and endovascular differentiation needed for uterine arterial remodeling during normal pregnancy. DCN overproduction by the decidua is associated with a hypo-invasive placenta and a serious pregnancy disorder, pre-eclampsia (PE). Furthermore, elevated maternal plasma DCN levels during the second trimester is a predictive biomarker of PE. While these paracrine roles of decidua-derived DCN on trophoblast physiology and pathology have been well-defined, it remains unknown whether DCN plays any autocrine role in decidual cell development. The objectives of this study were to examine: the kinetics of DCN production during decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells; gestational age-related changes in DCN production by the first trimester decidua; and a possible autocrine role of DCN on decidual cell maturation. We found that DCN production is enhanced during decidualization of both primary and immortalized human endometrial stromal cells in vitro and during early gestation in decidual samples tested ex vivo, and that it is important for endometrial stromal cell maturation into a decidual phenotype. Decorin-depleted human endometrial stromal cells exposed to decidualizing stimuli failed to mature fully, as evidenced by fibroblastoid morphology, reduced insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 and PRL expression, and reduction in cellular ploidy. We identified heart and neural crest derivatives-expressed protein 2, and progesterone receptor as potential downstream mediators of DCN effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C D Halari
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - P Nandi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - M J Jeyarajah
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - S J Renaud
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Children's Health Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - P K Lala
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Children's Health Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang B, Shao Y. Annexin A2 acts as an adherent molecule under the regulation of steroids during embryo implantation. Mol Hum Reprod 2021; 26:825-836. [PMID: 33010173 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaaa065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that annexin A2 (Axna2) was transiently expressed at the embryo-uterine luminal epithelium interface during the window of implantation and was involved in mouse embryo implantation. At the same time, Axna2 was reported to be upregulated in human receptive endometrium, which was critical for embryo attachment as an intracellular molecule. Here, we identified Axna2 as a membrane-bound molecule on human endometrial epithelial cells and trophoblast cells, and the outer surface membrane-bound Axna2 was involved in human embryo attachment. In addition, physiological levels of estrogen and progesterone increased the expression of overall Axna2 as well as that in the extracellular surface membrane protein fraction in human endometrial cells. Furthermore, p11 (or S100A10, a member of the S100 EF-hand family protein, molecular weight 11 kDa) was involved in the translocation of Axna2 to the outer surface membrane of endometrial epithelial cells without affecting its overall expression. Finally, the surface relocation of Axna2 was also dependent on cell-cell contact and calcium binding. A better understanding of the function and regulation of Axna2 in human endometrium may help us to identify a potential therapeutic target for subfertile and infertile patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- R & D Department, Shenzhen Wingor Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Room 304, Shenzhen IC Design & Application Industrial Park, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Shao
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Azar J, Bahmad HF, Daher D, Moubarak MM, Hadadeh O, Monzer A, Al Bitar S, Jamal M, Al-Sayegh M, Abou-Kheir W. The Use of Stem Cell-Derived Organoids in Disease Modeling: An Update. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7667. [PMID: 34299287 PMCID: PMC8303386 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Organoids represent one of the most important advancements in the field of stem cells during the past decade. They are three-dimensional in vitro culturing models that originate from self-organizing stem cells and can mimic the in vivo structural and functional specificities of body organs. Organoids have been established from multiple adult tissues as well as pluripotent stem cells and have recently become a powerful tool for studying development and diseases in vitro, drug screening, and host-microbe interaction. The use of stem cells-that have self-renewal capacity to proliferate and differentiate into specialized cell types-for organoids culturing represents a major advancement in biomedical research. Indeed, this new technology has a great potential to be used in a multitude of fields, including cancer research, hereditary and infectious diseases. Nevertheless, organoid culturing is still rife with many challenges, not limited to being costly and time consuming, having variable rates of efficiency in generation and maintenance, genetic stability, and clinical applications. In this review, we aim to provide a synopsis of pluripotent stem cell-derived organoids and their use for disease modeling and other clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Azar
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2260, Lebanon; (J.A.); (H.F.B.); (D.D.); (M.M.M.); (O.H.); (A.M.); (S.A.B.)
| | - Hisham F. Bahmad
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2260, Lebanon; (J.A.); (H.F.B.); (D.D.); (M.M.M.); (O.H.); (A.M.); (S.A.B.)
- Arkadi M. Rywlin M.D. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA
| | - Darine Daher
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2260, Lebanon; (J.A.); (H.F.B.); (D.D.); (M.M.M.); (O.H.); (A.M.); (S.A.B.)
| | - Maya M. Moubarak
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2260, Lebanon; (J.A.); (H.F.B.); (D.D.); (M.M.M.); (O.H.); (A.M.); (S.A.B.)
| | - Ola Hadadeh
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2260, Lebanon; (J.A.); (H.F.B.); (D.D.); (M.M.M.); (O.H.); (A.M.); (S.A.B.)
| | - Alissar Monzer
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2260, Lebanon; (J.A.); (H.F.B.); (D.D.); (M.M.M.); (O.H.); (A.M.); (S.A.B.)
| | - Samar Al Bitar
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2260, Lebanon; (J.A.); (H.F.B.); (D.D.); (M.M.M.); (O.H.); (A.M.); (S.A.B.)
| | - Mohamed Jamal
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai 66566, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Al-Sayegh
- Biology Division, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 2460, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wassim Abou-Kheir
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2260, Lebanon; (J.A.); (H.F.B.); (D.D.); (M.M.M.); (O.H.); (A.M.); (S.A.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kim W, Choi J, Yoon H, Lee J, Jun JH. Detrimental effects of lipopolysaccharide on the attachment and outgrowth of various trophoblastic spheroids on human endometrial epithelial cells. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2021; 48:132-141. [PMID: 34078006 PMCID: PMC8176151 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2021.04448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Gram-negative bacteria causes poor uterine receptivity by inducing excessive inflammation at the maternal-fetal interface. This study aimed to investigate the detrimental effects of LPS on the attachment and outgrowth of various types of trophoblastic spheroids on endometrial epithelial cells (ECC-1 cells) in an in vitro model of implantation. METHODS Three types of spheroids with JAr, JEG-3, and JAr mixed JEG-3 (JmJ) cells were used to evaluate the effect of LPS on early implantation events. ECC-1 cells were treated with LPS to mimic endometrial infection, and the expression of inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules was analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. The attachment rates and outgrowth areas were evaluated in the various trophoblastic spheroids and ECC-1 cells treated with LPS. RESULTS LPS treatment significantly increased the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines (CXCL1, IL-8, and IL-33) and decreased the protein expression of adhesion molecules (ITGβ3 and ITGβ5) in ECC-1 cells. The attachment rates of JAr and JmJ spheroids on ECC-1 cells significantly decreased after treating the ECC-1 cells with 1 and 10 μg/mL LPS. In the outgrowth assay, JAr spheroids did not show any outgrowth areas. However, the outgrowth areas of JEG-3 spheroids were similar regardless of LPS treatment. LPS treatment of JmJ spheroids significantly decreased the outgrowth area after 72 hours of coincubation. CONCLUSION An in vitro implantation model using novel JmJ spheroids was established, and the inhibitory effects of LPS on ECC-1 endometrial epithelial cells were confirmed in the early implantation process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wontae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Graduate School, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jungwon Choi
- Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hyejin Yoon
- Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jaewang Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Graduate School, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jin Hyun Jun
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Graduate School, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea.,Department of Senior Healthcare, BK21 Plus Program, Graduate School, Eulji University, Seongnam, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Pereira Daoud AM, Popovic M, Dondorp WJ, Trani Bustos M, Bredenoord AL, Chuva de Sousa Lopes SM, van den Brink SC, Roelen BAJ, de Wert GMWR, Heindryckx B. Modelling human embryogenesis: embryo-like structures spark ethical and policy debate. Hum Reprod Update 2021; 26:779-798. [PMID: 32712668 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmaa027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studying the human peri-implantation period remains hindered by the limited accessibility of the in vivo environment and scarcity of research material. As such, continuing efforts have been directed towards developing embryo-like structures (ELS) from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) that recapitulate aspects of embryogenesis in vitro. While the creation of such models offers immense potential for studying fundamental processes in both pre- and early post-implantation development, it also proves ethically contentious due to wide-ranging views on the moral and legal reverence due to human embryos. Lack of clarity on how to qualify and regulate research with ELS thus presents a challenge in that it may either limit this new field of research without valid grounds or allow it to develop without policies that reflect justified ethical concerns. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing scientific approaches to generate ELS from mouse and human PSCs, as well as discuss future strategies towards innovation in the context of human development. Concurrently, we aim to set the agenda for the ethical and policy issues surrounding research on human ELS. SEARCH METHODS The PubMed database was used to search peer-reviewed articles and reviews using the following terms: 'stem cells', 'pluripotency', 'implantation', 'preimplantation', 'post-implantation', 'blastocyst', 'embryoid bodies', 'synthetic embryos', 'embryo models', 'self-assembly', 'human embryo-like structures', 'artificial embryos' in combination with other keywords related to the subject area. The PubMed and Web of Science databases were also used to systematically search publications on the ethics of ELS and human embryo research by using the aforementioned keywords in combination with 'ethics', 'law', 'regulation' and equivalent terms. All relevant publications until December 2019 were critically evaluated and discussed. OUTCOMES In vitro systems provide a promising way forward for uncovering early human development. Current platforms utilize PSCs in both two- and three-dimensional settings to mimic various early developmental stages, including epiblast, trophoblast and amniotic cavity formation, in addition to axis development and gastrulation. Nevertheless, much hinges on the term 'embryo-like'. Extension of traditional embryo frameworks to research with ELS reveals that (i) current embryo definitions require reconsideration, (ii) cellular convertibility challenges the attribution of moral standing on the basis of 'active potentiality' and (iii) meaningful application of embryo protective directives will require rethinking of the 14-day culture limit and moral weight attributed to (non-)viability. Many conceptual and normative (dis)similarities between ELS and embryos thus remain to be thoroughly elucidated. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Modelling embryogenesis holds vast potential for both human developmental biology and understanding various etiologies associated with infertility. To date, ELS have been shown to recapitulate several aspects of peri-implantation development, but critically, cannot develop into a fetus. Yet, concurrent to scientific innovation, considering the extent to which the use of ELS may raise moral concerns typical of human embryo research remains paramount. This will be crucial for harnessing the potential of ELS as a valuable research tool, whilst remaining within a robust moral and legal framework of professionally acceptable practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Pereira Daoud
- Department of Health Ethics and Society, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Humanities, Utrecht University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Mina Popovic
- Ghent-Fertility And Stem cell Team (G-FAST), Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wybo J Dondorp
- Department of Health Ethics and Society, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,School for Care and Public Health Research (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Socrates chair Ethics of Reproductive Genetics endowed by the Dutch Humanist Association, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marc Trani Bustos
- Ghent-Fertility And Stem cell Team (G-FAST), Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute-KNAW (Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences) and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Annelien L Bredenoord
- Department of Medical Humanities, Utrecht University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Susana M Chuva de Sousa Lopes
- Ghent-Fertility And Stem cell Team (G-FAST), Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Susanne C van den Brink
- Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute-KNAW (Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences) and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bernard A J Roelen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Guido M W R de Wert
- Department of Health Ethics and Society, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,School for Care and Public Health Research (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Björn Heindryckx
- Ghent-Fertility And Stem cell Team (G-FAST), Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Luo X, Li Y, Zheng H, Ding L, Zhang M, Li Y, Wu Z. Thicker endometrium on hCG trigger day improves the live birth rate of fresh cleavage embryo transfer in GnRH-agonist regimen of normogonadotrophic women. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:856. [PMID: 34164490 PMCID: PMC8184494 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-1922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Luteinizing hormone (LH) and progesterone (PROG) on human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) trigger day are significantly correlated with assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcome. Moreover, LH and PROG are also involved in the functional preparation of the endometrium during the implantation window; however, whether they are related to endometrial thickness (EMT) is still unknown. The aim of the present study was to assess whether EMT has a positive correlation on the live birth rate following fresh embryo transfer (ET), and whether LH and PROG have an impact on EMT. Methods A total of 2,260 normogonadotrophic women were treated with a GnRH agonist for in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Patients with advanced age and poor ovarian reserve were excluded. The levels of LH, PROG, and EMT on the hCG trigger day were divided into binary variables, respectively, by the cutoff values, and which were obtained based on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of live birth among LH, PROG and EMT levels on the hCG trigger day, respectively. Multivariate binary logistic regression was used to confirm the role of LH, PROG, and EMT on the live birth, and stratified analysis was used to determine whether LH and PROG have an impact on EMT. Results EMT and LH were protective factors for live births, with odds ratios (OR) of 1.11 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.066–1.157] and 1.696 (95% CI: 1.345–2.139), respectively. However, PROG was a risk factor for live birth, with an OR of 0.635 (95% CI: 0.526–0.766). The hierarchical cross-table analysis indicated that EMT had no significant difference for live birth in the combination of low LH and high PROG group. In the other subgroups, thick EMT was associated with a higher live birth rate (P<0.05). Conclusions On hCG trigger day, EMT, LH, and PROG all were independent factors that affected the live birth of fresh ETs. Thick EMT can significantly increase the live birth rate. However, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that EMT does not affect the live birth rate in combination of low LH and high PROG environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Luo
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.,Reproductive Medical Center of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.,Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.,Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Yunxiu Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.,Reproductive Medical Center of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Haishan Zheng
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.,Reproductive Medical Center of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Lei Ding
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.,Reproductive Medical Center of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Manqin Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.,Reproductive Medical Center of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Yonggang Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.,Reproductive Medical Center of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Ze Wu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.,Reproductive Medical Center of Yunnan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Activation of Blood Vessel Development in Endometrial Stromal Cells In Vitro Cocultured with Human Peri-Implantation Embryos Revealed by Single-Cell RNA-Seq. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11050367. [PMID: 33919335 PMCID: PMC8143346 DOI: 10.3390/life11050367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, the maternal endometrium participates in the physical and physiological interaction with the blastocyst to begin implantation. A bidirectional crosstalk is critical for normal implantation and then a successful pregnancy. While several studies have used animal models or cell lines to study this step, little knowledge was acquired to address the role of endometrial cells in humans. Here, we analyzed single-cell sequencing data from a previous study including 24 non-coculture endometrial stromal cells (EmSCs) and 57 EmSCs after coculture with embryos. We further explored the transcriptomic changes in EmSCs and their interactions with trophoblast cells after coculture. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis showed 1783 upregulated genes and 569 downregulated genes in the cocultured embryos. Weight gene coexpression network and gene ontology analysis of these DEGs showed a higher expression of RAMP1, LTBP1, and LRP1 in EmSCs after coculture, indicating the enrichment of biological processes in blood vessel development and female pregnancy. These data imply that EmSCs start blood vessel development at the implantation stage. Compared with endometrium data in vivo at the implantation window, key pathways including epithelial cell development and oxygen response were involved at this stage. Further analysis using CellphoneDB shed light on the interactions between EmSCs and embryonic trophoblasts, suggesting the important role of integrins and fibroblast growth factor pathways during implantation. Taken together, our work reveals the synchronization signaling and pathways happening at the implantation stage involving the acquisition of receptivity in EmSCs and the interaction between EmSCs and trophoblast cells.
Collapse
|
30
|
Hernández-Vargas P, Muñoz M, Domínguez F. Identifying biomarkers for predicting successful embryo implantation: applying single to multi-OMICs to improve reproductive outcomes. Hum Reprod Update 2020; 26:264-301. [PMID: 32096829 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmz042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Successful embryo implantation is a complex process that requires the coordination of a series of events, involving both the embryo and the maternal endometrium. Key to this process is the intricate cascade of molecular mechanisms regulated by endocrine, paracrine and autocrine modulators of embryonic and maternal origin. Despite significant progress in ART, implantation failure still affects numerous infertile couples worldwide and fewer than 10% of embryos successfully implant. Improved selection of both the viable embryos and the optimal endometrial phenotype for transfer remains crucial to enhancing implantation chances. However, both classical morphological embryo selection and new strategies incorporated into clinical practice, such as embryonic genetic analysis, morphokinetics or ultrasound endometrial dating, remain insufficient to predict successful implantation. Additionally, no techniques are widely applied to analyse molecular signals involved in the embryo-uterine interaction. More reliable biological markers to predict embryo and uterine reproductive competence are needed to improve pregnancy outcomes. Recent years have seen a trend towards 'omics' methods, which enable the assessment of complete endometrial and embryonic molecular profiles during implantation. Omics have advanced our knowledge of the implantation process, identifying potential but rarely implemented biomarkers of successful implantation. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE Differences between the findings of published omics studies, and perhaps because embryonic and endometrial molecular signatures were often not investigated jointly, have prevented firm conclusions being reached. A timely review summarizing omics studies on the molecular determinants of human implantation in both the embryo and the endometrium will help facilitate integrative and reliable omics approaches to enhance ART outcomes. SEARCH METHODS In order to provide a comprehensive review of the literature published up to September 2019, Medline databases were searched using keywords pertaining to omics, including 'transcriptome', 'proteome', 'secretome', 'metabolome' and 'expression profiles', combined with terms related to implantation, such as 'endometrial receptivity', 'embryo viability' and 'embryo implantation'. No language restrictions were imposed. References from articles were also used for additional literature. OUTCOMES Here we provide a complete summary of the major achievements in human implantation research supplied by omics approaches, highlighting their potential to improve reproductive outcomes while fully elucidating the implantation mechanism. The review highlights the existence of discrepancies among the postulated biomarkers from studies on embryo viability or endometrial receptivity, even using the same omic analysis. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Despite the huge amount of biomarker information provided by omics, we still do not have enough evidence to link data from all omics with an implantation outcome. However, in the foreseeable future, application of minimally or non-invasive omics tools, together with a more integrative interpretation of uniformly collected data, will help to overcome the difficulties for clinical implementation of omics tools. Omics assays of the embryo and endometrium are being proposed or already being used as diagnostic tools for personalised single-embryo transfer in the most favourable endometrial environment, avoiding the risk of multiple pregnancies and ensuring better pregnancy rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Purificación Hernández-Vargas
- IVI-RMA Alicante, Innovation. Avda. de Denia 111, 03015 Alicante, Spain.,Fundación IVI, Innovation-IIS La Fe, Avda. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, Torre A, 1° 1.23, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Muñoz
- IVI-RMA Alicante, Innovation. Avda. de Denia 111, 03015 Alicante, Spain.,Fundación IVI, Innovation-IIS La Fe, Avda. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, Torre A, 1° 1.23, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Domínguez
- Fundación IVI, Innovation-IIS La Fe, Avda. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, Torre A, 1° 1.23, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Gallego RD, Remohí J, Meseguer M. Time-lapse imaging: the state of the art†. Biol Reprod 2020; 101:1146-1154. [PMID: 30810735 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The introduction of time-lapse imaging to clinical in vitro fertilization practice enabled the undisturbed monitoring of embryos throughout the entire culture period. Initially, the main objective was to achieve a better embryo development. However, this technology also provided an insight into the novel concept of morphokinetics, parameters regarding embryo cell dynamics. The vast amount of data obtained defined the optimal ranges in the cell-cycle lengths at different stages of embryo development. This added valuable information to embryo assessment prior to transfer. Kinetic markers became part of embryo evaluation strategies with the potential to increase the chances of clinical success. However, none of them has been established as an international standard. The present work aims at describing new approaches into time-lapse: progress to date, challenges, and possible future directions.
Collapse
|
32
|
Yue C, Chen ACH, Tian S, Fong SW, Lee KC, Zhang J, Ng EHY, Lee KF, Yeung WSB, Lee YL. Human embryonic stem cell–derived blastocyst-like spheroids resemble human trophectoderm during early implantation process. Fertil Steril 2020; 114:653-664.e6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|
33
|
Abstract
Gene regulatory networks and tissue morphogenetic events drive the emergence of shape and function: the pillars of embryo development. Although model systems offer a window into the molecular biology of cell fate and tissue shape, mechanistic studies of our own development have so far been technically and ethically challenging. However, recent technical developments provide the tools to describe, manipulate and mimic human embryos in a dish, thus opening a new avenue to exploring human development. Here, I discuss the evidence that supports a role for the crosstalk between cell fate and tissue shape during early human embryogenesis. This is a critical developmental period, when the body plan is laid out and many pregnancies fail. Dissecting the basic mechanisms that coordinate cell fate and tissue shape will generate an integrated understanding of early embryogenesis and new strategies for therapeutic intervention in early pregnancy loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta N Shahbazi
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Stern-Tal D, Achache H, Jacobs Catane L, Reich R, Tavor Re'em T. Novel 3D embryo implantation model within macroporous alginate scaffolds. J Biol Eng 2020; 14:18. [PMID: 32617119 PMCID: PMC7325373 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-020-00240-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Implantation failure remains an unsolved obstacle in reproductive medicine. Previous studies have indicated that estrogen responsiveness, specifically by estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), is crucial for proper implantation. There is an utmost need for a reliable in vitro model that mimics the events in the uterine wall during the implantation process for studying the regulatory mechanisms governing the process. The current two-dimensional and hydrogel-based in vitro models provide only short-term endometrial cell culture with partial functionality. Results Endometrial biopsies showed an increase in E-cadherin expression on the typical window of implantation of fertile women, compared to negligible expression in recurrent implantation failure (RIF) patients. These clinical results indicated E-cadherin as a marker for receptivity. Three-dimensional (3D) macroporous alginate scaffolds were the base for epithelial endometrial cell-seeding and long-term culture under hormone treatment that mimicked a typical menstrual cycle. The RL95–2 epithelial cell culture in macroporous scaffolds was viable for 3 weeks and showed increased E-cadherin levels in response to estrogen. Human choriocarcinoma (JAR) spheroids were used as embryo models, seeded onto cell constructs and successfully adhered to the RL95–2 cell culture. Moreover, a second model of HEC-1A with low ERα levels, showed lower E-cadherin expression and no JAR attachment. E-cadherin expression and JAR attachment were recovered in HEC-1A cells that were transfected with ERα plasmid. Conclusions We present a novel model that enables culturing endometrial cells on a 3D matrix for 3 weeks under hormonal treatment. It confirmed the importance of ERα function and E-cadherin for proper implantation. This platform may serve to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms controlling the implantation process, and for screening and evaluating potential novel therapeutic strategies for RIF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dganit Stern-Tal
- School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hanna Achache
- School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Liora Jacobs Catane
- School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Reuven Reich
- School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tali Tavor Re'em
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Azrieli College of Engineering Jerusalem, 26 Yaakov Shreibom Street, 9103501 Jerusalem, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
O’Connor BB, Pope BD, Peters MM, Ris-Stalpers C, Parker KK. The role of extracellular matrix in normal and pathological pregnancy: Future applications of microphysiological systems in reproductive medicine. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:1163-1174. [PMID: 32640894 PMCID: PMC7400725 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220938741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Extracellular matrix in the womb regulates the initiation, progression, and completion of a healthy pregnancy. The composition and physical properties of extracellular matrix in the uterus and at the maternal-fetal interface are remodeled at each gestational stage, while maladaptive matrix remodeling results in obstetric disease. As in vitro models of uterine and placental tissues, including micro-and milli-scale versions of these organs on chips, are developed to overcome the inherent limitations of studying human development in vivo, we can isolate the influence of cellular and extracellular components in healthy and pathological pregnancies. By understanding and recreating key aspects of the extracellular microenvironment at the maternal-fetal interface, we can engineer microphysiological systems to improve assisted reproduction, obstetric disease treatment, and prenatal drug safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Blakely B O’Connor
- Disease Biophysics Group, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering; Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Benjamin D Pope
- Disease Biophysics Group, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering; Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Michael M Peters
- Disease Biophysics Group, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering; Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Carrie Ris-Stalpers
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Academic Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1105, The Netherlands
| | - Kevin K Parker
- Disease Biophysics Group, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering; Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ban Z, Knöspel F, Schneider MR. Shedding light into the black box: Advances in in vitro systems for studying implantation. Dev Biol 2020; 463:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2020.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
37
|
Heidari-Khoei H, Esfandiari F, Hajari MA, Ghorbaninejad Z, Piryaei A, Baharvand H. Organoid technology in female reproductive biomedicine. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2020; 18:64. [PMID: 32552764 PMCID: PMC7301968 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-020-00621-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent developments in organoid technology are revolutionizing our knowledge about the biology, physiology, and function of various organs. Female reproductive biology and medicine also benefit from this technology. Organoids recapitulate features of different reproductive organs including the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries, as well as trophoblasts. The genetic stability of organoids and long-lasting commitment to their tissue of origin during long-term culture makes them attractive substitutes for animal and in vitro models. Despite current limitations, organoids offer a promising platform to address fundamental questions regarding the reproductive system's physiology and pathology. They provide a human source to harness stem cells for regenerative medicine, heal damaged epithelia in specific diseases, and study biological processes in healthy and pathological conditions. The combination of male and female reproductive organoids with other technologies, such as microfluidics technology, would enable scientists to create a multi-organoid-on-a-chip platform for the next step to human-on-a-chip platforms for clinical applications, drug discovery, and toxicology studies. The present review discusses recent advances in producing organoid models of reproductive organs and highlights their applications, as well as technical challenges and future directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heidar Heidari-Khoei
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, P.O. Box: 16635-148, Tehran, 1665659911, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Esfandiari
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, P.O. Box: 16635-148, Tehran, 1665659911, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Hajari
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, P.O. Box: 16635-148, Tehran, 1665659911, Iran
| | - Zeynab Ghorbaninejad
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, P.O. Box: 16635-148, Tehran, 1665659911, Iran
| | - Abbas Piryaei
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 19395-4719, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, P.O. Box: 16635-148, Tehran, 1665659911, Iran.
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Fan H, Jiang L, Lee YL, Wong CKC, Ng EHY, Yeung WSB, Lee KF. Bisphenol compounds regulate decidualized stromal cells in modulating trophoblastic spheroid outgrowth and invasion in vitro†. Biol Reprod 2020; 102:693-704. [PMID: 31742322 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is commonly found in epoxy resins used in the manufacture of plastic coatings in food packaging and beverage cans. There is a growing concern about BPA as a weak estrogenic compound that can affect human endocrine function. Chemicals structurally similar to BPA, such as bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS), have been developed as substitutes in the manufacturing industry. Whether these bisphenol substitutes have adverse effects on human endocrine and reproductive systems remains largely unknown. This study investigated the effects of BPA, BPF, and BPS on regulating the function of decidualized human primary endometrial stromal cells on trophoblast outgrowth and invasion by indirect and direct co-culture models. All three bisphenols did not affect the stromal cell decidualization process. However, BPA- and BPF-treated decidualized stromal cells stimulated trophoblastic spheroid invasion in the indirect coculture model. The BPA-treated decidualized stromal cells had upregulated expressions of several invasion-related molecules including leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), whereas both BPA- and BPF-treated decidualized stromal cells had downregulated expressions of anti-invasion molecules including plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) . Taken together, BPA and BPF altered the expression of invasive and anti-invasive molecules in decidualized stromal cells modulating its function on trophoblast outgrowth and invasion, which could affect the implantation process and subsequent pregnancy outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongjie Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Luhan Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yin-Lau Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chris K C Wong
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ernest H Y Ng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, China
| | - William S B Yeung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, China
| | - Kai-Fai Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Hibaoui Y, Feki A. Organoid Models of Human Endometrial Development and Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:84. [PMID: 32133360 PMCID: PMC7039834 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Hibaoui
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland.,Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique, HFR Fribourg - Hôpital Cantonal, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Anis Feki
- Service de Gynécologie Obstétrique, HFR Fribourg - Hôpital Cantonal, Fribourg, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Tissue-engineered multi-cellular models of the uterine wall. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2020; 19:1629-1639. [PMID: 31997029 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-020-01296-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The human uterus is composed of three layers: endometrium, myometrium and perimetrium. It remodels during the monthly menstrual cycle and more significantly during the complex stages of reproduction. In vivo studies of the human uterine wall are yet incomplete due to ethical and technical limitations. The objective of this study was to develop in vitro uterine wall models that mimic the in vivo structure in humans. We co-cultured multiple cellular models of endometrial epithelial cells, endometrial stromal cells and smooth muscle cells on a synthetic membrane mounted in multi-purpose custom-designed wells. Immunofluorescence staining and confocal imaging confirmed that the new model represents the in vivo anatomical architecture of the inner uterine wall. Hormonal treatment with progesterone and β-estradiol demonstrated increased expression of progestogen-associated endometrial protein, which is associated with the in vivo receptive uterus. The new tissue-engineered in vitro models of the uterine wall will enable deeper investigation of molecular and biomechanical aspects of the blastocyst-uterus interaction during the window of implantation.
Collapse
|
41
|
Li Q, Liu W, Chiu PCN, Yeung WSB. Mir-let-7a/g Enhances Uterine Receptivity via Suppressing Wnt/β-Catenin Under the Modulation of Ovarian Hormones. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:1164-1174. [PMID: 31942710 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-019-00115-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Microarray has indicated a huge number of miRNAs exist in reproductive tissues and cells. Moreover, the expression of miRNA in the reproductive system varies under the strict monitoring of different regulations. To understand the role of miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene regulation in female reproduction, we investigated the level and function of a mir-let-7 family member in both mice and human uterine receptivity. As we observed, mir-let-7 a/g had a higher expression in mouse and human receptive uterine epithelium; the level of mir-let-7a was under the inverse regulation of estrogen and progesterone; upregulated mir-let-7a/g in mouse and human uterine epithelium increased uterine receptivity, thus improved implantation-related embryo attachment and outgrowth ability; the let-7a/g enhanced uterine receptivity through suppressing canonical Wnt signaling. In summary, our findings suggest that mir-let-7 a/g increases uterine receptivity via inhibiting Wnt signaling and under the modulation of ovarian hormones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Weimin Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. .,Centre of Reproduction, Development of Growth, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Philip C N Chiu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Centre of Reproduction, Development of Growth, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - William S B Yeung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Centre of Reproduction, Development of Growth, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Molè MA, Weberling A, Zernicka-Goetz M. Comparative analysis of human and mouse development: From zygote to pre-gastrulation. Curr Top Dev Biol 2019; 136:113-138. [PMID: 31959285 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Development of the mammalian embryo begins with formation of the totipotent zygote during fertilization. This initial cell is able to give rise to every embryonic tissue of the developing organism as well as all extra-embryonic lineages, such as the placenta and the yolk sac, which are essential for the initial patterning and support growth of the fetus until birth. As the embryo transits from pre- to post-implantation, major structural and transcriptional changes occur within the embryonic lineage to set up the basis for the subsequent phase of gastrulation. Fine-tuned coordination of cell division, morphogenesis and differentiation is essential to ultimately promote assembly of the future fetus. Here, we review the current knowledge of mammalian development of both mouse and human focusing on morphogenetic processes leading to the onset of gastrulation, when the embryonic anterior-posterior axis becomes established and the three germ layers start to be specified.
Collapse
|
43
|
Lan KC, Lin PY, Chang YC, Chen YJ, Tsai YR, Ismaeil Mohamed IS, Kang HY. Growth hormone supplementation may improve the pregnancy rate and endometrial receptivity among women aged more than 40 years undergoing in vitro fertilization. Biomed J 2019; 42:411-416. [PMID: 31948605 PMCID: PMC6962760 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Growth hormone (GH) supplements have been shown to improve pregnancy and live-birth rates, suggesting that GH has a beneficial effect on oocyte quality. However, the effects of GH on implantation and receptivity remain unknown. This study evaluated the efficacy of GH in women aged more than 40 years participating in assisted reproductive technology (ART) programs. Methods Cycles of in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI-ET) in women aged more than 40 years (range, 40–43 years) between January 2009 and March 2014 at a university-based reproductive center were reviewed. Women were divided into two groups, those with and without GH co-stimulation. ART outcomes were evaluated. Results Supplement of GH significantly lowered cycle cancellation rate by increasing the per cycle rates of harvesting at least one oocyte and transferring at least one embryo (80.2% vs. 69.4%). GH increased the per cycle clinical pregnancy (15.9% vs. 6.8%) and favorable ultrasonic endometrial pattern (60.9% vs. 39.3%) rates. GH also increased the per transfer clinical pregnancy (19.9% vs. 9.9%) and implantation (11.2% vs. 5.2%) rates and the rate of a favorable ultrasonic endometrial pattern (65.1% vs. 45.0%). Conclusion GH supplementation reduces the cycle cancellation rate in women aged more than 40 years, and increases the favorable ultrasonic endometrial pattern, pregnancy, and implantation rates by its beneficial actions on embryo quality and endometrial receptivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Chung Lan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Menopause and Reproductive Medicine Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Pin-Yao Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chiao Chang
- Center for Menopause and Reproductive Medicine Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ju Chen
- Center for Menopause and Reproductive Medicine Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ru Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Chiayi, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | | | - Hong-Yo Kang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Menopause and Reproductive Medicine Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Evans J, Walker KJ, Bilandzic M, Kinnear S, Salamonsen LA. A novel "embryo-endometrial" adhesion model can potentially predict "receptive" or "non-receptive" endometrium. J Assist Reprod Genet 2019; 37:5-16. [PMID: 31776756 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-019-01629-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish a model of human implantation that responds to hormonal stimuli and can differentiate between endometrium from fertile women and those with idiopathic infertility. DESIGN A trophoblast stem cell (trophectodermal) line (TSC; derived from human pre-implantation embryo) was used to form trophectodermal spheroids (TS). TS attachment to monolayers of endometrial epithelial cell lines or primary endometrial epithelial cells (pHEECs) was determined. SETTING Independent Medical Research Institute with close clinical linkages INTERVENTIONS: Spheroid attachment and outgrowth was determined with added hormones (estradiol 17β (E), E + medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) or E + MPA + human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)). Spheroid attachment to E/MPA treated pHEEC prepared from fertile women or those with idiopathic infertility tested. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Firmly attached spheroids counted after co-culture for 6 h. Outgrowth was determined by quantitation of area covered by spheroid after firm adhesion. RESULTS Functional adhesion of TS to two endometrial epithelial cell lines, Ishikawa and ECC-1 cells, was hormonally responsive, with adhesion/outgrowth increased by E/MPA (ECC-1; p < 0.01, Ishikawa; p < 0.01) and E/MPA/hCG (ECC-1; p < 0.001, Ishikawa p < 0.01) versus E alone. The same pattern of hormone responsiveness was observed in pHEEC obtained from fertile women (E vs, E/MPA; p < 0.01, E vs. E/MPA/hCG; p < 0.001). TS adhered to 85% of pHEEC obtained from fertile women (11/13) and 11% of pHEEC obtained from women with unexplained infertility (2/18, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION This new model of "embryo" implantation largely discriminates between endometrial epithelial cells obtained from fertile vs. infertile women based on adhesion; this holds potential as an in vitro "diagnostic" tool of endometrial infertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jemma Evans
- The Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia.
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia.
| | - Kathryn J Walker
- The Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Maree Bilandzic
- The Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Sophie Kinnear
- The Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Lois A Salamonsen
- The Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Lv B, An Q, Zeng Q, Zhang X, Lu P, Wang Y, Zhu X, Ji Y, Fan G, Xue Z. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals regulatory mechanism for trophoblast cell-fate divergence in human peri-implantation conceptuses. PLoS Biol 2019; 17:e3000187. [PMID: 31596842 PMCID: PMC6802852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Multipotent trophoblasts undergo dynamic morphological movement and cellular differentiation after conceptus implantation to generate placenta. However, the mechanism controlling trophoblast development and differentiation during peri-implantation development in human remains elusive. In this study, we modeled human conceptus peri-implantation development from blastocyst to early postimplantation stages by using an in vitro coculture system and profiled the transcriptome of 476 individual trophoblast cells from these conceptuses. We revealed the genetic networks regulating peri-implantation trophoblast development. While determining when trophoblast differentiation happens, our bioinformatic analysis identified T-box transcription factor 3 (TBX3) as a key regulator for the differentiation of cytotrophoblast (CT) into syncytiotrophoblast (ST). The function of TBX3 in trophoblast differentiation is then validated by a loss-of-function experiment. In conclusion, our results provided a valuable resource to study the regulation of trophoblasts development and differentiation during human peri-implantation development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lv
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin An
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, State of California, United States of America
| | - Qiao Zeng
- Center of Reproductive Medicine of Ji’an Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Ji’an, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xunyi Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Lu
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqiu Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianmin Zhu
- Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yazhong Ji
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (ZX); (GF); (YJ)
| | - Guoping Fan
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, State of California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (ZX); (GF); (YJ)
| | - Zhigang Xue
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (ZX); (GF); (YJ)
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Peric A, Weiss J, Vulliemoz N, Baud D, Stojanov M. Bacterial Colonization of the Female Upper Genital Tract. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3405. [PMID: 31373310 PMCID: PMC6678922 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria colonize most of the human body, and the female genital tract is not an exception. While the existence of a vaginal microbiota has been well established, the upper genital tract has been considered a sterile environment, with a general assumption that bacterial presence is associated with adverse clinical manifestation. However, recent metagenomic studies identified specific patterns of microbiota colonizing the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and placenta. These results need confirmation and further investigations since the data are only scarce. Bacterial colonization of these sites appears different from the vaginal one, despite evidence that vaginal bacteria could ascend to the upper genital tract through the cervix. Are these bacteria only commensal or do they play a role in the physiology of the female upper genital tract? Which are the genera that may have a negative and a positive impact on the female reproductive function? The aim of this review is to critically present all available data on upper genital tract microbiota and discuss its role in human reproduction, ranging from the technical aspects of these types of analyses to the description of specific bacterial genera. Although still very limited, research focusing on genital colonization of bacteria other than the vaginal milieu might bring novel insights into physiopathology of human reproduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Peric
- Clinic for Reproductive Medicine and Gynecological Endocrinology, Cantonal Hospital Lucerne, 6000 Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Weiss
- Clinic for Reproductive Medicine and Gynecological Endocrinology, Cantonal Hospital Lucerne, 6000 Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Vulliemoz
- Fertility Medicine and Gynaecologic Endocrinology Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Baud
- Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Milos Stojanov
- Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Department Woman-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Pisarska MD, Chan JL, Lawrenson K, Gonzalez TL, Wang ET. Genetics and Epigenetics of Infertility and Treatments on Outcomes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:1871-1886. [PMID: 30561694 PMCID: PMC6463256 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-01869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Infertility affects 10% of the reproductive-age population. Even the most successful treatments such as assisted reproductive technologies still result in failed implantation. In addition, adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with infertility have been attributed to these fertility treatments owing to the presumed epigenetic modifications of in vitro fertilization and in vitro embryo development. However, the diagnosis of infertility has been associated with adverse outcomes, and the etiologies leading to infertility have been associated with adverse pregnancy and long-term outcomes. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION We have comprehensively summarized the data available through observational, experimental, cohort, and randomized studies to better define the effect of the underlying infertility diagnosis vs the epigenetics of infertility treatments on treatment success and overall outcomes. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Most female infertility results from polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, and unexplained infertility, with some cases resulting from a polycystic ovary syndrome phenotype or underlying endometriosis. In addition to failed implantation, defective implantation can lead to problems with placentation that leads to adverse pregnancy outcomes, affecting both mother and fetus. CONCLUSION Current research, although limited, has suggested that genetics and epigenetics of infertility diagnosis affects disease and overall outcomes. In addition, other fertility treatments, which also lead to adverse outcomes, are aiding in the identification of factors, including the supraphysiologic hormonal environment, that might affect the overall success and healthy outcomes for mother and child. Further studies, including genome-wide association studies, epigenomics studies, and experimental studies, are needed to better identify the factors leading to these outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margareta D Pisarska
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jessica L Chan
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kate Lawrenson
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Tania L Gonzalez
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Erica T Wang
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Hanna CW, Demond H, Kelsey G. Epigenetic regulation in development: is the mouse a good model for the human? Hum Reprod Update 2018; 24:556-576. [PMID: 29992283 PMCID: PMC6093373 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmy021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the past few years, advances in molecular technologies have allowed unprecedented mapping of epigenetic modifications in gametes and during early embryonic development. This work is allowing a detailed genomic analysis, which for the first time can answer long-standing questions about epigenetic regulation and reprogramming, and highlights differences between mouse and human, the implications of which are only beginning to be explored. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE In this review, we summarise new low-cell molecular methods enabling the interrogation of epigenetic information in gametes and early embryos, the mechanistic insights these have provided, and contrast the findings in mouse and human. SEARCH METHODS Relevant studies were identified by PubMed search. OUTCOMES We discuss the levels of epigenetic regulation, from DNA modifications to chromatin organisation, during mouse gametogenesis, fertilisation and pre- and post-implantation development. The recently characterised features of the oocyte epigenome highlight its exceptionally unique regulatory landscape. The chromatin organisation and epigenetic landscape of both gametic genomes are rapidly reprogrammed after fertilisation. This extensive epigenetic remodelling is necessary for zygotic genome activation, but the mechanistic link remains unclear. While the vast majority of epigenetic information from the gametes is erased in pre-implantation development, new insights suggest that repressive histone modifications from the oocyte may mediate a novel mechanism of imprinting. To date, the characterisation of epigenetics in human development has been almost exclusively limited to DNA methylation profiling; these data reinforce that the global dynamics are conserved between mouse and human. However, as we look closer, it is becoming apparent that the mechanisms regulating these dynamics are distinct. These early findings emphasise the importance of investigations of fundamental epigenetic mechanisms in both mouse and humans. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Failures in epigenetic regulation have been implicated in human disease and infertility. With increasing maternal age and use of reproductive technologies in countries all over the world, it is becoming ever more important to understand the necessary processes required to establish a developmentally competent embryo. Furthermore, it is essential to evaluate the extent to which these epigenetic patterns are sensitive to such technologies and other adverse environmental exposures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Courtney W Hanna
- Epigenetics programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hannah Demond
- Epigenetics programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gavin Kelsey
- Epigenetics programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Khong TY, Cramer SF, Heller DS. Chorion laeve accreta - Another manifestation of morbid adherence. Placenta 2018; 74:32-35. [PMID: 30219583 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Smooth muscle in the decidua of fetal membranes (membrane myofibers, MMF) is not mentioned in standard textbooks. METHODS The current report presents collected observations on 52 patients with MMF at 2 institutions between 2004 and 2017 - including placentas, postpartum curettages, and hysterectomies. RESULTS Clinical presentations include observation of adherent membranes during delivery, disrupted and incomplete membranes in placentas submitted for examination, postpartum bleeding associated with retained fetal membranes, association with membrane hematomas and membrane hemosiderin, morbidly adherent fetal membranes in hysterectomies; and association with grossly adherent pieces of tissue or nodules in fetal membranes. DISCUSSION Although MMF can be an incidental microscopic observation in a routine placenta, the suggested diagnostic terminology when there are clinical and/or gross presentations is Chorion Laeve Accreta (ChLA). Further study is needed but MMF appears to be the fetal membrane counterpart of BPMF(basal plate myofibers), possibly due to damage of subjacent myometrium by trophoblastic proteases, so that shear stress during delivery causes myofibers to come out attached to the decidua of fetal membranes. Neither the prevalence of MMF, nor its reliability as a marker for placenta accreta is addressed in this collection. Association of MMF with BPMF, and recurrence of MMF, are documented; but the true frequency of these phenomena remains to be established.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Y Khong
- From the SA Pathology, Women's and Children's Hospital, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - S F Cramer
- Department of Pathology, Rochester General Hospital, University of Rochester School of Medicine Rochester, New York, USA
| | - D S Heller
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Shahbazi MN, Zernicka-Goetz M. Deconstructing and reconstructing the mouse and human early embryo. Nat Cell Biol 2018; 20:878-887. [PMID: 30038253 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-018-0144-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of form and function during mammalian embryogenesis is a complex process that involves multiple regulatory levels. The foundations of the body plan are laid throughout the first days of post-implantation development as embryonic stem cells undergo symmetry breaking and initiate lineage specification, in a process that coincides with a global morphological reorganization of the embryo. Here, we review experimental models and how they have shaped our current understanding of the post-implantation mammalian embryo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta N Shahbazi
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, Mammalian Embryo and Stem Cell Group, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Magdalena Zernicka-Goetz
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, Mammalian Embryo and Stem Cell Group, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| |
Collapse
|