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He Z, Uto T, Tanigawa S, Sakao K, Kumamoto T, Xie K, Pan X, Wu S, Yang Y, Komatsu M, Hou DX. Fisetin is a selective adenosine triphosphate-competitive inhibitor for mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 to inhibit lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammation. Biofactors 2024. [PMID: 39087587 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MKK4), a member of the MAP kinase kinase family, directly phosphorylates and activates the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinases (JNK), in response to proinflammatory cytokines and cellular stresses. Regulation of the MKK4 activity is considered to be a novel approach for the prevention and treatment of inflammation. The aim of this study was to identify whether fisetin, a potential anti-inflammatory compound, targets MKK4-JNK cascade to inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated inflammatory response. RAW264 macrophage pretreated with fisetin following LPS stimulation was used as a cell model to investigate the transactivation and expression of related-inflammatory genes by transient transfection assay, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and cellular signaling as well as binding of related-signal proteins by Western blot, pull-down assay and kinase assay, and molecular modeling. The transactivation and expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene as well as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) secretion induced by LPS were inhibited by fisetin in a dose-dependent manner. Signaling transduction analysis demonstrated that fisetin selectively inhibited MKK4-JNK1/2 signaling to suppress the phosphorylation of transcription factor AP-1 without affecting the NF-κB and Jak2-Stat3 signaling as well as the phosphorylation of Src, Syk, and TAK1. Furthermore, in vitro and ex vivo pull-down assay using cell lysate or purified protein demonstrated that fisetin could bind directly to MKK4. Molecular modeling using the Molecular Operating Environment™ software indicated that fisetin docked into the ATP-binding pocket of MKK4 with a binding energy of -71.75 kcal/mol and formed a 1.70 Å hydrogen bound with Asp247 residue of MKK4. The IC50 of fisetin against MKK4 was estimated as 2.899 μM in the kinase assay, and the ATP-competitive effect was confirmed by ATP titration. Taken together, our data revealed that fisetin is a potent selective ATP-competitive MKK4 inhibitor to suppress MKK4-JNK1/2-AP-1 cascade for inhibiting LPS-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu He
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takuhiro Uto
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Tanigawa
- Department of Kidney Development, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kozue Sakao
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takuma Kumamoto
- Department of Brain & Neurosciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kun Xie
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuchi Pan
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shusong Wu
- Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yili Yang
- China Regional Research Centre, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Taizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Masaharu Komatsu
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - De-Xing Hou
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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Pan D, Qu Y, Shi C, Xu C, Zhang J, Du H, Chen X. Oleanolic acid and its analogues: promising therapeutics for kidney disease. Chin Med 2024; 19:74. [PMID: 38816880 PMCID: PMC11140902 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00934-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Kidney diseases pose a significant threat to human health due to their high prevalence and mortality rates. Worryingly, the clinical use of drugs for kidney diseases is associated with more side effects, so more effective and safer treatments are urgently needed. Oleanolic acid (OA) is a common pentacyclic triterpenoid that is widely available in nature and has been shown to have protective effects in kidney disease. However, comprehensive studies on its role in kidney diseases are still lacking. Therefore, this article first explores the botanical sources, pharmacokinetics, derivatives, and safety of OA, followed by a summary of the anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-oxidative stress, autophagy-enhancing, and antifibrotic effects of OA and its analogues in renal diseases, and an analysis of the molecular mechanisms, aiming to provide further insights for the development of novel drugs for the treatment of kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Pan
- The College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yilun Qu
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Chunru Shi
- The College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Cheng Xu
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Hongjian Du
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- The College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China.
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Wang D, Li J, Luo G, Zhou J, Wang N, Wang S, Zhao R, Cao X, Ma Y, Liu G, Hao L. Nox4 as a novel therapeutic target for diabetic vascular complications. Redox Biol 2023; 64:102781. [PMID: 37321060 PMCID: PMC10363438 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic vascular complications can affect both microvascular and macrovascular. Diabetic microvascular complications, such as diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy, and diabetic cardiomyopathy, are believed to be caused by oxidative stress. The Nox family of NADPH oxidases is a significant source of reactive oxygen species and plays a crucial role in regulating redox signaling, particularly in response to high glucose and diabetes mellitus. This review aims to provide an overview of the current knowledge about the role of Nox4 and its regulatory mechanisms in diabetic microangiopathies. Especially, the latest novel advances in the upregulation of Nox4 that aggravate various cell types within diabetic kidney disease will be highlighted. Interestingly, this review also presents the mechanisms by which Nox4 regulates diabetic microangiopathy from novel perspectives such as epigenetics. Besides, we emphasize Nox4 as a therapeutic target for treating microvascular complications of diabetes and summarize drugs, inhibitors, and dietary components targeting Nox4 as important therapeutic measures in preventing and treating diabetic microangiopathy. Additionally, this review also sums up the evidence related to Nox4 and diabetic macroangiopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxia Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, Wuhan, 430030, China; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Jiaying Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Gang Luo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Juan Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xin Cao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yuxia Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei International Joint Research Center for Structural Heart Disease, Hebei Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury Repair Mechanism Study, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
| | - Liping Hao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Zhang Z, Lv M, Zhou X, Cui Y. Roles of peripheral immune cells in the recovery of neurological function after ischemic stroke. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:1013905. [PMID: 36339825 PMCID: PMC9634819 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.1013905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and long-term disability worldwide, with limited spontaneous repair processes occurring after injury. Immune cells are involved in multiple aspects of ischemic stroke, from early damage processes to late recovery-related events. Compared with the substantial advances that have been made in elucidating how immune cells modulate acute ischemic injury, the understanding of the impact of the immune system on functional recovery is limited. In this review, we summarized the mechanisms of brain repair after ischemic stroke from both the neuronal and non-neuronal perspectives, and we review advances in understanding of the effects on functional recovery after ischemic stroke mediated by infiltrated peripheral innate and adaptive immune cells, immune cell-released cytokines and cell-cell interactions. We also highlight studies that advance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying functional recovery mediated by peripheral immune cells after ischemia. Insights into these processes will shed light on the double-edged role of infiltrated peripheral immune cells in functional recovery after ischemic stroke and provide clues for new therapies for improving neurological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolong Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Mengfei Lv
- Institute of Neuroregeneration and Neurorehabilitation, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Institute of Neuroregeneration and Neurorehabilitation, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Cui
- Institute of Neuroregeneration and Neurorehabilitation, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Ahn YJ, Wang L, Tavakoli S, Nguyen HN, Short JD, Asmis R. Glutaredoxin 1 controls monocyte reprogramming during nutrient stress and protects mice against obesity and atherosclerosis in a sex-specific manner. Nat Commun 2022; 13:790. [PMID: 35145079 PMCID: PMC8831602 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28433-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
High-calorie diet-induced nutrient stress promotes thiol oxidative stress and the reprogramming of blood monocytes, giving rise to dysregulated, obesogenic, proatherogenic monocyte-derived macrophages. We report that in chow-fed, reproductively senescent female mice but not in age-matched male mice, deficiency in the thiol transferase glutaredoxin 1 (Grx1) promotes dysregulated macrophage phenotypes as well as rapid weight gain and atherogenesis. Grx1 deficiency derepresses distinct expression patterns of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species generators in male versus female macrophages, poising female but not male macrophages for increased peroxynitrate production. Hematopoietic Grx1 deficiency recapitulates this sexual dimorphism in high-calorie diet-fed LDLR-/- mice, whereas macrophage-restricted overexpression of Grx1 eliminates the sex differences unmasked by high-calorie diet-feeding and protects both males and females against atherogenesis. We conclude that loss of monocytic Grx1 activity disrupts the immunometabolic balance in mice and derepresses sexually dimorphic oxidative stress responses in macrophages. This mechanism may contribute to the sex differences reported in cardiovascular disease and obesity in humans. High-calorie diet promotes thiol oxidative stress and the reprogramming of blood monocytes, giving rise to obesogenic and proatherogenic macrophages. Here the authors report that loss of monocytic thiol transferase glutaredoxin 1 results in the derepression of sex-specific oxidative stress responses in macrophages, promoting atherogenesis and obesity in female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Joo Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Luxi Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Sina Tavakoli
- Departments of Radiology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Huynh Nga Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - John D Short
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Reto Asmis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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Ursolic Acid and Related Analogues: Triterpenoids with Broad Health Benefits. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081161. [PMID: 34439409 PMCID: PMC8388988 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA) is a well-studied natural pentacyclic triterpenoid found in herbs, fruit and a number of traditional Chinese medicinal plants. UA has a broad range of biological activities and numerous potential health benefits. In this review, we summarize the current data on the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of UA and review the literature on the biological activities of UA and its closest analogues in the context of inflammation, metabolic diseases, including liver and kidney diseases, obesity and diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and neurological disorders. We end with a brief overview of UA’s main analogues with a special focus on a newly discovered naturally occurring analogue with intriguing biological properties and potential health benefits, 23-hydroxy ursolic acid.
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Wang L, Ahn YJ, Asmis R. Inhibition of myeloid HDAC2 upregulates glutaredoxin 1 expression, improves protein thiol redox state and protects against high-calorie diet-induced monocyte dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2021; 328:23-32. [PMID: 34077868 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The thiol transferase glutaredoxin 1 controls redox signaling and cellular functions by regulating the S-glutathionylation status of critical protein thiols. Here we tested the hypothesis that by derepressing the expression of glutaredoxin 1, inhibition of histone deacetylase 2 prevents nutrient stress-induced protein S-glutathionylation and monocyte dysfunction and protects against atherosclerosis. METHODS Using both a pharmacological inhibitor and shRNA-mediated knockdown of histone deacetylase 2, we determine the role of this deacetylase on glutaredoxin 1 expression and nutrient stress-induced inactivation of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1 activity and monocyte and macrophage dysfunction. To assess whether histone deacetylase 2 inhibition in myeloid cells protects against atherosclerosis, we fed eight-week-old female and male HDAC2-/-MyeloidLDLR-/- mice and age and sex-matched LysMcretg/wtLDLR-/- control mice a high-calorie diet for 12 weeks and assessed monocyte function and atherosclerotic lesion size. RESULTS Myeloid histone deacetylase 2 deficiency in high-calorie diet-fed LDLR-/- mice reduced atherosclerosis in males by 39% without affecting plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles or blood glucose levels but had no effect on atherogenesis in female mice. Macrophage content in plaques of male mice was reduced by 31%. Histone deacetylase 2-deficient blood monocytes from male mice showed increased acetylation on histone 3, and increased Grx1 expression, and was associated with increased MKP-1 activity and reduced recruitment of monocyte-derived macrophages, whereas in females, myeloid HDAC2 deficiency had no effect on Grx1 expression, did not prevent nutrient stress-induced loss of MKP-1 activity in monocytes and was not atheroprotective. CONCLUSIONS Specific histone deacetylase 2 inhibitors may represent a potential novel therapeutic strategy for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis, but any benefits may be sexually dimorphic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luxi Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA
| | - Yong Joo Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA
| | - Reto Asmis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, USA.
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Enayati A, Johnston TP, Sahebkar A. Anti-atherosclerotic Effects of Spice-Derived Phytochemicals. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1197-1223. [PMID: 32368966 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200505084620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the world. Atherosclerosis is characterized by oxidized lipid deposition and inflammation in the arterial wall and represents a significant problem in public health and medicine. Some dietary spices have been widely used in many countries; however, the mechanism of their action as it relates to the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis is still poorly understood. In this review, we focus on the properties of various spice-derived active ingredients used in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis, as well as associated atherosclerotic risk factors. We provide a summary of the mechanisms of action, epidemiological analyses, and studies of various components of spice used in the clinic, animal models, and cell lines related to atherosclerosis. Most notably, we focused on mechanisms of action by which these spice-derived compounds elicit their lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties, as well as their involvement in selected biochemical and signal transduction pathways. It is suggested that future research should aim to design well-controlled clinical trials and more thoroughly investigate the role of spices and their active components in the prevention/treatment of atherosclerosis. Based on this literature review, it appears that spices and their active components are well tolerated and have few adverse side effects and, therefore, provide a promising adjunctive treatment strategy for patients with atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesheh Enayati
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Thomas P Johnston
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, United States
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Dietary 23-hydroxy ursolic acid protects against diet-induced weight gain and hyperglycemia by protecting monocytes and macrophages against nutrient stress-triggered reprogramming and dysfunction and preventing adipose tissue inflammation. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 86:108483. [PMID: 32860922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether the atheroprotective phytochemical 23-hydroxy ursolic acid protects against diet-induced obesity and hyperglycemia by preventing nutrient stress-induced monocyte reprogramming. After a two week run-in period on a defined, phytochemical-free low-fat maintenance diet, 12-week old female C57BL/6J mice were either kept on the maintenance diet for additional 13 weeks or switched to either a high-calorie diet, a high-calorie diet supplemented with either 0.05% 23-hydroxy ursolic acid or a high-calorie diet supplemented with 0.2% 23-hydroxy ursolic acid. Dietary supplementation with 23-hydroxy ursolic acid reduced weight gain and adipose tissue mass, prevented hyperglycemia, hyperleptinemia and adipose tissue inflammation, and preserved glucose tolerance. 23-Hydroxy ursolic acid also preserved blood monocyte mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 activity, a biomarker of monocyte health, and reduced macrophage content in the adipose tissue. Targeted gene profiling by qRT-PCR using custom-designed TaqMan® Array Cards revealed that dietary 23-hydroxy ursolic acid converts macrophages into a transcriptionally hyperactive phenotype with enhanced antioxidant defenses and anti-inflammatory potential. In conclusion, our findings show that dietary 23-hydroxy ursolic acid exerts both anti-obesogenic effects through multiple mechanisms. These include improving glucose tolerance, preventing hyperleptinemia, maintaining blood monocyte function, reducing recruitment of monocyte-derived macrophages into adipose tissues during nutrient stress, and converting these macrophages into an anti-inflammatory, potentially inflammation-resolving phenotype, all contributing to reduced adipose tissue inflammation. Our data suggest that 23-hydroxy ursolic acid may serve as an oral therapeutic and dietary supplement suited for patients at risk for obesity, impaired glucose tolerance and cardiovascular disease.
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Sharma H, Kumar P, Deshmukh RR, Bishayee A, Kumar S. Pentacyclic triterpenes: New tools to fight metabolic syndrome. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 50:166-177. [PMID: 30466975 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome is a combination of dysregulated cardiometabolic risk factors characterized by dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, inflammation, obesity as well as hypertension. These factors are tied to the increased risk for type-II diabetes and cardiovascular diseases including myocardial infarction in patients with metabolic syndrome. PURPOSE To review the proposed molecular mechanisms of pentacyclic triterpenes for their potential use in the metabolic syndrome. METHODS PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar database were searched from commencement to April 2018. Following keywords were searched in the databases with varying combinations: "metabolic syndrome", "pentacyclic triterpenes", "transcription factors", "protein kinase", "lipogenesis", "adipogenesis", "lipolysis", "fatty acids", "gluconeogenesis", "cardiovascular", "mitochondria", "oxidative stress", "pancreas", "hepatic cells", "skeletal muscle", "3T3-L1", "C2C12", "obesity", "inflammation", "insulin resistance", "glucose uptake", "clinical studies" and "bioavailability". RESULTS Pentacyclic triterpenes, such as asiatic acid, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid, α,β-amyrin, celastrol, carbenoxolone, corosolic acid, maslinic acid, bardoxolone methyl and lupeol downregulate several metabolic syndrome components by regulating transcription factors, protein kinases and enzyme involved in the adipogenesis, lipolysis, fatty acid oxidation, insulin resistance, mitochondria biogenesis, gluconeogenesis, oxidative stress and inflammation. CONCLUSION In vitro and in vivo studies suggests that pentacyclic triterpenes effectively downregulate various factors related to metabolic syndrome. These phytochemicals may serve as promising candidates for clinical trials for the management of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitender Sharma
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136 119 Haryana, India
| | - Pushpander Kumar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136 119 Haryana, India
| | - Rahul R Deshmukh
- School of Pharmacy, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136 119 Haryana, India.
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Li C, Lin J, Wu P, Zhao R, Zou J, Zhou M, Jia L, Shao J. Small Molecule Nanodrug Assembled of Dual-Anticancer Drug Conjugate for Synergetic Cancer Metastasis Therapy. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:3495-3502. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Juanfang Lin
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Pengyu Wu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Ruirui Zhao
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Junjie Zou
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Lee Jia
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Jingwei Shao
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
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Nguyen HN, Ahn YJ, Medina EA, Asmis R. Dietary 23-hydroxy ursolic acid protects against atherosclerosis and obesity by preventing dyslipidemia-induced monocyte priming and dysfunction. Atherosclerosis 2018; 275:333-341. [PMID: 30015296 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.06.882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS We demonstrated that dietary ursolic acid (UA) reduces atherosclerotic lesion size and improves kidney function in diabetic mice. Based on structure-function analyses of naturally occurring UA analogs, we synthesized 23-hydroxy ursolic acid (23-OHUA), a compound with structural features predicted to enhance its bioavailability and anti-atherogenic properties compared to UA. The goal of this study was to determine the anti-obesogenic and atheroprotective properties of 23-OHUA and its mechanism of action. METHODS We performed chemotaxis assays to determine IC50 of phytochemicals on primed THP-1 monocytes. We fed 12-week old female LDLR-/- mice a high-fat diet (HFD) or a HFD supplemented with either 0.05% UA or 0.05% 23-OHUA, and measured monocyte priming, weight gain and atherosclerotic lesion size after 6 and 20 weeks. RESULTS Both dietary UA and 23-OHUA prevented dyslipidemia-induced loss of MKP-1 activity, and hyper-chemotactic activity, hallmarks of blood monocytes priming and dysfunction, but they did not affect plasma lipids or blood glucose levels nor WBC and monocyte counts. After 20 weeks, mice fed 23-OHUA showed 11% less weight gain compared to HFD-fed control mice and a 40% reduction in atherosclerotic plaque size, whereas UA reduced lesion size by only 19% and did not reduce weight gain. CONCLUSIONS Dietary 23-OHUA reduces weight gain and attenuates atherogenesis in mice by protecting monocytes against metabolic stress-induced priming and dysfunction. Based on its mechanism of action, 23-OHUA may represent a novel therapeutic approach for the prevention and treatment of obesity and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huynh Nga Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Yong Joo Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Edward Antonio Medina
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Reto Asmis
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
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Short JD, Tavakoli S, Nguyen HN, Carrera A, Farnen C, Cox LA, Asmis R. Dyslipidemic Diet-Induced Monocyte "Priming" and Dysfunction in Non-Human Primates Is Triggered by Elevated Plasma Cholesterol and Accompanied by Altered Histone Acetylation. Front Immunol 2017; 8:958. [PMID: 28878765 PMCID: PMC5572238 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocytes and the recruitment of monocyte-derived macrophages into sites of inflammation play a key role in atherogenesis and other chronic inflammatory diseases linked to cardiometabolic syndrome and obesity. Previous studies from our group have shown that metabolic stress promotes monocyte priming, i.e., enhanced adhesion and accelerated chemotaxis of monocytes in response to chemokines, both in vitro and in dyslipidemic LDLR-/- mice. We also showed that metabolic stress-induced monocyte dysfunction is, at least to a large extent caused by the S-glutathionylation, inactivation, and subsequent degradation of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1. Here, we analyzed the effects of a Western-style, dyslipidemic diet (DD), which was composed of high levels of saturated fat, cholesterol, and simple sugars, on monocyte (dys)function in non-human primates (NHPs). We found that similar to mice, a DD enhances monocyte chemotaxis in NHP within 4 weeks, occurring concordantly with the onset of hypercholesterolemia but prior to changes in triglycerides, blood glucose, monocytosis, or changes in monocyte subset composition. In addition, we identified transitory decreases in the acetylation of histone H3 at the lysine residues 18 and 23 in metabolically primed monocytes, and we found that monocyte priming was correlated with the acetylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 after an 8-week DD regimen. Our data show that metabolic stress promotes monocyte priming and hyper-chemotactic responses in NHP. The histone modifications accompanying monocyte priming in primates suggest a reprogramming of the epigenetic landscape, which may lead to dysregulated responses and functionalities in macrophages derived from primed monocytes that are recruited to sites of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Short
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Sina Tavakoli
- Department of Radiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Huynh Nga Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Ana Carrera
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Chelbee Farnen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Laura A Cox
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States.,Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Reto Asmis
- Department of Radiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
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14
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Kim HS, Asmis R. Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1 (MKP-1) in macrophage biology and cardiovascular disease. A redox-regulated master controller of monocyte function and macrophage phenotype. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 109:75-83. [PMID: 28330703 PMCID: PMC5462841 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
MAPK pathways play a critical role in the activation of monocytes and macrophages by pathogens, signaling molecules and environmental cues and in the regulation of macrophage function and plasticity. MAPK phosphatase 1 (MKP-1) has emerged as the main counter-regulator of MAPK signaling in monocytes and macrophages. Loss of MKP-1 in monocytes and macrophages in response to metabolic stress leads to dysregulation of monocyte adhesion and migration, and gives rise to dysfunctional, proatherogenic monocyte-derived macrophages. Here we review the properties of this redox-regulated dual-specificity MAPK phosphatase and the role of MKP-1 in monocyte and macrophage biology and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Seok Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea; Hypoxia-related Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Reto Asmis
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
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15
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Short JD, Downs K, Tavakoli S, Asmis R. Protein Thiol Redox Signaling in Monocytes and Macrophages. Antioxid Redox Signal 2016; 25:816-835. [PMID: 27288099 PMCID: PMC5107717 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Monocyte and macrophage dysfunction plays a critical role in a wide range of inflammatory disease processes, including obesity, impaired wound healing diabetic complications, and atherosclerosis. Emerging evidence suggests that the earliest events in monocyte or macrophage dysregulation include elevated reactive oxygen species production, thiol modifications, and disruption of redox-sensitive signaling pathways. This review focuses on the current state of research in thiol redox signaling in monocytes and macrophages, including (i) the molecular mechanisms by which reversible protein-S-glutathionylation occurs, (ii) the identification of bona fide S-glutathionylated proteins that occur under physiological conditions, and (iii) how disruptions of thiol redox signaling affect monocyte and macrophage functions and contribute to atherosclerosis. Recent Advances: Recent advances in redox biochemistry and biology as well as redox proteomic techniques have led to the identification of many new thiol redox-regulated proteins and pathways. In addition, major advances have been made in expanding the list of S-glutathionylated proteins and assessing the role that protein-S-glutathionylation and S-glutathionylation-regulating enzymes play in monocyte and macrophage functions, including monocyte transmigration, macrophage polarization, foam cell formation, and macrophage cell death. CRITICAL ISSUES Protein-S-glutathionylation/deglutathionylation in monocytes and macrophages has emerged as a new and important signaling paradigm, which provides a molecular basis for the well-established relationship between metabolic disorders, oxidative stress, and cardiovascular diseases. FUTURE DIRECTIONS The identification of specific S-glutathionylated proteins as well as the mechanisms that control this post-translational protein modification in monocytes and macrophages will facilitate the development of new preventive and therapeutic strategies to combat atherosclerosis and other metabolic diseases. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 25, 816-835.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Short
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio , San Antonio, Texas
| | - Kevin Downs
- 2 Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio , San Antonio, Texas
| | - Sina Tavakoli
- 3 Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio , San Antonio, Texas
| | - Reto Asmis
- 4 Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio , San Antonio, Texas.,5 Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio , San Antonio, Texas
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Xu D, Lyu Y, Chen X, Zhu X, Feng J, Xu Y. Fructus Ligustri Lucidi ethanol extract inhibits osteoclastogenesis in RAW264.7 cells via the RANKL signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:4767-4774. [PMID: 27748884 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Fructus ligustri Lucidi (FLL) is the fruit of Ligustrum lucidum Ait and a traditional Chinese medicine, primarily known for its role in osteoporosis prevention and treatment. The present study aimed to elucidate the effect and underlying mechanism of action of ethanol extract of FLL on osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption, and to identify the active compounds within it. RAW264.7 murine monocyte/macrophage cells were stimulated with the receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) to induce osteoclast differentiation in vitro. The present study demosntrated that FLL extract and its two primary components, oleanolic acid (OA) and ursolic acid (UA), significantly suppressed RANKL‑induced tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity and multinucleate osteoclast formation without inducing cytotoxicity; however, no effect was observed on the apoptosis of mature osteoclasts. Additionally, RANKL‑induced mRNA expression levels of the key transcription factors, tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor‑6, nuclear factor of activated T cell‑c1 and c‑Fos, and the osteoclast markers, TRAP, cathepsin K and matrix metalloproteinase‑9 were suppressed by FLL, OA and UA. However, no effect was observed on RANKL‑induced mRNA expression levels of Src. These results demonstrated that FLL may inhibit osteoclastogenesis in RAW264.7 cells via RANKL signaling pathways. OA and UA are active compounds in inducing this effect; however, their specific roles remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Ying Lyu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowen Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Jinqiu Feng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Yajun Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
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Silva FSG, Oliveira PJ, Duarte MF. Oleanolic, Ursolic, and Betulinic Acids as Food Supplements or Pharmaceutical Agents for Type 2 Diabetes: Promise or Illusion? JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:2991-3008. [PMID: 27012451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b06021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Oleanolic (OA), ursolic (UA), and betulinic (BA) acids are three triterpenic acids (TAs) with potential effects for treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Mechanistic studies showed that these TAs act as hypoglycemic and antiobesity agents mainly through (i) reducing the absorption of glucose; (ii) decreasing endogenous glucose production; (iii) increasing insulin sensitivity; (iv) improving lipid homeostasis; and (v) promoting body weight regulation. Besides these promising beneficial effects, it is believed that OA, UA, and BA protect against diabetes-related comorbidities due to their antiatherogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. We also highlight the protective effect of OA, UA, and BA against oxidative damage, which may be very relevant for the treatment and/or prevention of T2DM. In the present review, we provide an integrative description of the antidiabetic properties of OA, UA, and BA, evaluating the potential use of these TAs as food supplements or pharmaceutical agents to prevent and/or treat T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filomena S G Silva
- Centro de Biotecnologia Agrı́cola e Agro-Alimentar do Alentejo (CEBAL)/Instituto Politécnico de Beja (IPBeja) , Apartado 6158, 7801-908 Beja, Portugal
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC, Center for Neuroscience and Cellular Biology, UC-Biotech Building, Biocant Park, University of Coimbra , 3060-107 Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Maria F Duarte
- Centro de Biotecnologia Agrı́cola e Agro-Alimentar do Alentejo (CEBAL)/Instituto Politécnico de Beja (IPBeja) , Apartado 6158, 7801-908 Beja, Portugal
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Kim HS, Ullevig SL, Nguyen HN, Vanegas D, Asmis R. Redox regulation of 14-3-3ζ controls monocyte migration. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:1514-21. [PMID: 24812321 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.303746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Metabolic stress primes monocytes for accelerated chemokine-mediated adhesion, migration, and recruitment into vascular lesions by increasing actin remodeling. The mechanism linking metabolic stress to accelerated actin turnover and enhanced monocyte migration was not known. We tested the hypothesis that in metabolically primed monocytes, the acceleration of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1-induced chemotaxis is mediated by the hyperactivation of cofilin. APPROACH AND RESULTS Metabolic priming was induced by exposing human THP-1 monocytes to diabetic conditions, that is, human native low-density lipoprotein plus high glucose concentrations. In healthy monocytes, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 induced the phosphorylation and inactivation of cofilin. This response was completely blocked in metabolically primed monocytes but restored by overexpression of the thiol transferase, glutaredoxin 1. Cofilin kinase, LIM kinase 1, and cofilin phosphatase, Slingshot-1L, were not affected by metabolic stress. However, metabolic priming increased 3.8-fold the S-glutathionylation of the Slingshot-1L-binding protein 14-3-3ζ (zeta), resulting in its caspase-dependent degradation. Glutaredoxin 1 overexpression inhibited low-density lipoprotein plus high glucose-induced S-glutathionylation and degradation of 14-3-3ζ. The C25S mutant of 14-3-3ζ was resistant to both S-glutathionylation and degradation induced by low-density lipoprotein plus high glucose. Overexpression of the C25S mutant restored monocyte chemoattractant protein-1-induced cofilin phosphorylation and prevented accelerated migration of metabolically stressed monocytes, suggesting that loss of 14-3-3ζ increases the pool of free Slingshot-1L phosphatase, thereby preventing the phosphorylation and deactivation of cofilin in response to chemokine activation. CONCLUSIONS By preventing the inactivation of cofilin, metabolic stress-induced degradation of 14-3-3ζ promotes the conversion of blood monocytes into a hypermigratory, proatherogenic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Seok Kim
- From the Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (H.S.K., D.V., R.A.); Department of Kinesiology, Health, and Nutrition, University of Texas at San Antonio (S.L.U.); and Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (H.N.N., R.A.)
| | - Sarah L Ullevig
- From the Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (H.S.K., D.V., R.A.); Department of Kinesiology, Health, and Nutrition, University of Texas at San Antonio (S.L.U.); and Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (H.N.N., R.A.)
| | - Huynh Nga Nguyen
- From the Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (H.S.K., D.V., R.A.); Department of Kinesiology, Health, and Nutrition, University of Texas at San Antonio (S.L.U.); and Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (H.N.N., R.A.)
| | - Difernando Vanegas
- From the Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (H.S.K., D.V., R.A.); Department of Kinesiology, Health, and Nutrition, University of Texas at San Antonio (S.L.U.); and Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (H.N.N., R.A.)
| | - Reto Asmis
- From the Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (H.S.K., D.V., R.A.); Department of Kinesiology, Health, and Nutrition, University of Texas at San Antonio (S.L.U.); and Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (H.N.N., R.A.).
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