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Chen T, Zhou N, Liang Q, Li Q, Li B, Chu Y, Zhang D, Chen Z, Tsao JR, Feng X, Hu K. Biochanin A: Disrupting the inflammatory vicious cycle for dry eye disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 977:176583. [PMID: 38679123 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a complex disorder driven by several factors like reduced tear production, increased evaporation, or poor tear quality. Oxidative stress plays a key role by exacerbating the inflammatory cycle. Previous studies explored antioxidants for DED treatment due to the link between oxidative damage and inflammation. Biochanin A (BCA) is a bioisoflavone from red clover with potent anti-inflammatory effects. This study investigated BCA's therapeutic potential for DED. Human corneal epithelial cells were cultured under hyperosmotic conditions to mimic DED. BCA treatment increased cell viability and decreased apoptosis and inflammatory cytokine expression. A DED mouse model was developed using female C57BL/6 mice in a controlled low-humidity environment combined with scopolamine injections. Mice received eye drops containing phosphate-buffered saline, low-dose BCA, or high-dose BCA. The effectiveness was evaluated by measuring tear volume, fluorescein staining, eye-closing ratio, corneal sensitivity and PAS staining. The levels of inflammatory components in corneas and conjunctiva were measured to assess DED severity. Maturation of antigen-presenting cells in cervical lymph nodes was analyzed by flow cytometry. BCA eye drops effectively reduced inflammation associated with DED in mice. BCA also decreased oxidative stress levels by reducing reactive oxygen species and enhancing the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). These findings demonstrate that BCA ameliorates oxidative stress and ocular surface inflammation, indicating potential as a DED treatment by relieving oxidative damage and mitigating inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taige Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China; Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nan Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 Qingchun East Road, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Boda Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiran Chu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zeying Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia-Ruei Tsao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuebing Feng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Kai Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China.
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Yang C, Dong W, Wang Y, Dong X, Xu X, Yu X, Wang J. DDIT3 aggravates TMJOA cartilage degradation via Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3-mediated autophagy. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2024; 32:921-937. [PMID: 38719085 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2024.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 (DDIT3), as a downstream transcription factor of endoplasmic reticulum stress, is reported to regulate chondrogenic differentiation under physiological and pathological state. However, the specific involvement of DDIT3 in the degradation of condylar cartilage of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is unclarified. DESIGN The expression patterns of DDIT3 in condylar cartilage from monosodium iodoacetate-induced TMJOA mice were examined to uncover the potential role of DDIT3 in TMJOA. The Ddit3 knockout (Ddit3-/-) mice and their wildtype littermates (Ddit3+/+) were used to clarify the effect of DDIT3 on cartilage degradation. Primary condylar chondrocytes and ATDC5 cells were applied to explore the mechanisms of DDIT3 on autophagy and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in chondrocytes. The autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) was used to determine the effect of DDIT3-inhibited autophagy in vivo. RESULTS DDIT3 were highly expressed in condylar cartilage from TMJOA mice. Ddit3 knockout alleviated condylar cartilage degradation and subchondral bone loss, compared with their wildtype littermates. In vitro study demonstrated that DDIT3 exacerbated ECM degradation in chondrocytes induced by TNF-α through inhibiting autophagy. The intraperitoneal injection of CQ further confirmed that Ddit3 knockout alleviated cartilage degradation in TMJOA through activating autophagy in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our findings identified the crucial role of DDIT3-inhibited autophagy in condylar cartilage degradation during the development of TMJOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Wei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Xiaofei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Xijie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China.
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3
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Wang Q, Xu X, Ye J, Zhang Z. The role of cGAS/STING signaling in ophthalmological diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117078. [PMID: 38968795 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The eye is one of the most vulnerable parts of the human body. There are many kinds of ophthalmic diseases, which are caused by multiple factors. Generally, ophthalmic diseases have the characteristics of complicated etiology and difficult therapy. With the development of the times, ophthalmic diseases have become a major problem that affects people's lives. Inflammation, a major factor inducing ocular diseases, is one of the most popular research directions. The cGAS/STING pathway is a recently discovered inflammatory signaling pathway, which recognizes double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) as an activation signal to promote the expression of downstream cytokines that promote inflammatory response or autoimmune response. Since most of the current treatments for ophthalmic diseases mainly rely on surgery, it is of positive significance to explore the pathogenesis for the discovery of drug targets. This review summarize the research progress of the cGAS/STING pathway in major ophthalmic diseases by introducing the correlation between classical inflammatory pathway and ophthalmic diseases, in order to predict the research direction and methods targeting the cGAS/STING pathway in the pathogenesis of ophthalmic diseases, and also provide guidance for the mechanism as well as molecular targets of ophthalmic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First People's Hospital of Jingzhou City, Jingzhou 434000, China
| | - Xiaozhi Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China
| | - Junmei Ye
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211198, China.
| | - Zuhai Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First People's Hospital of Jingzhou City, Jingzhou 434000, China.
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Yan D, Huang C, Ouyang W, Hu J, Liu Z. Unleashing Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Dry Eye: Targeting ROS and the cGAS-STING Signaling Pathway with Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acids. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400198. [PMID: 39073031 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Dry eye affects majority of the global population, causing significant discomfort or even visual impairment, of which inflammation plays a crucial role in the deterioration process. This highlights the need for effective and safe anti-inflammatory treatments to achieve satisfactory therapeutic outcomes. This study focuses on the potential of tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNA), a self-assembled nucleic acid material, as a simple and rapid treatment for oxidative stress and inflammation-induced disorders associated with dry eye. Mechanistically, tFNA is found to effectively alleviate dry eye damage by promoting corneal epithelial healing, restoring goblet cell function, and facilitating tear secretion recovery. Through RNA-seq analysis, it is observed that tFNA treatment normalizes the expression levels of most genes. Further exploration of the mechanism reveals that tFNA reduces excessive production of reactive oxygen species and modulates the inflammatory microenvironment, especially through cGAS-STING pathway thereby levels of inflammatory cytokines, including MMP9 and IL-6, are reduced. Additionally, tFNA demonstrates excellent safety performance without causing damage to the eye. Importantly, this study represents a successful application of nanophase materials with nucleic acid biological features for the effective treatment of dry eye, highlighting the potential clinical use of tFNA in the treatment of dry eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yan
- Xiamen University affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Caihong Huang
- Xiamen University affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Weijie Ouyang
- Xiamen University affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China
| | - Jiaoyue Hu
- Xiamen University affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Zuguo Liu
- Xiamen University affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
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Zou H, Hong Y, Xu B, Wang M, Xie H, Lin Q. Multifunctional cerium oxide nanozymes with high ocular surface retention for dry eye disease treatment achieved by restoring redox balance. Acta Biomater 2024:S1742-7061(24)00374-X. [PMID: 38997079 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a kind of multifactorial ocular surface disease that displays ocular discomfort, visual disturbance, and tear film instability. Oxidative stress is a fundamental pathogenesis in DED. An imbalance between the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and protective enzyme action will lead to oxidative stress, cell dysfunction, tear hyperosmolarity, and inflammation. Herein, a multifunctional cerium oxide nanozyme with high ocular surface retention property was designed to neutralize over-accumulated ROS and restore redox balance. Cerium oxide nanozymes were fabricated via branched polyethylenimine-graft-poly (ethylene glycol) nucleation and dispersion, followed by phenylboronic acid (PBA) functionalization (defined as Ce@PB). Due to the dynamic chemical bonding formation between the PBA segment and the cis-diol groups in the mucin layer of the tear film, Ce@PB nanozymes possess good adhesive capability to the ocular surface, thus extending the drug's retention time. On the other hand, Ce@PB nanozymes could mimic the cascade processes of superoxide dismutase and catalase to maintain intracellular redox balance. In vitro and in vivo studies suggest that such multifunctional nanozymes possess good biocompatibility and hemocompatibility. More importantly, Ce@PB nanozymes treatment in the animal model could repair corneal epithelial defect, increase the number of goblet cells and promote tear secretion, thus achieving an effective treatment for DED. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Zou
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Yueze Hong
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Baoqi Xu
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Mengting Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Hongying Xie
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Quankui Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China.
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Zhao D, Zhao H, He Y, Zhang M. BMSC Alleviates Dry Eye by Inhibiting the ROS-NLRP3-IL-1β Signaling Axis by Reducing Inflammation Levels. Curr Eye Res 2024; 49:698-707. [PMID: 38450655 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2024.2324434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) have multiple biological functions and are widely involved in regulating inflammatory diseases, tissue repair and regeneration. However, the mechanism of their action in dry eye disease (DED) is currently unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of BMSCs in the treatment of dry eye mice and to explore its specific therapeutic mechanism. METHODS Mouse corneal epithelial cells (MCECs) were treated with 500 mOsM sodium chloride hypertonic solution to induce a DED cell model. The dry eye animal model was constructed by adding 5 μL 0.2% benzalkonium chloride solution to mouse eyes. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of related proteins, and flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and periodic acid schiff (PAS) staining were used to detect cell and eye tissue damage. RESULTS The experimental results showed that BMSCs can reduce the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory factors in MCECs, promote cell proliferation, inhibit cell apoptosis, improve the integrity of the corneal epithelial layer in vivo, promote an increase in the number of goblet cells, and alleviate DED. Further exploration of the molecular mechanism of BMSCs treatment revealed that BMSCs alleviate the progression of DED by inhibiting the ROS-NLRP3-IL-1β signaling pathway. CONCLUSION BMSCs inhibit ROS-NLRP3-IL-1β signaling axis, reducing inflammation levels and alleviating dry eye symptoms. These findings provide new ideas and a basis for the treatment of DED and provide an experimental basis for further research on the application value of BMSCs in alleviating DED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhao
- Ophthalmology Department, Yan'An Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming, China
| | - Hongxia Zhao
- Ophthalmology Department, Yan'An Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming, China
| | - Yang He
- Ophthalmology Department, Yan'An Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming, China
| | - Meixia Zhang
- Ophthalmology Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Zong X, Yang S, Tang Z, Li X, Long D, Wang D. 1,25-(OH) 2D 3 promotes hair growth by inhibiting NLRP3/IL-1β and HIF-1α/IL-1β signaling pathways. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 132:109695. [PMID: 38936782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin D is a crucial vitamin that participates in various biological processes through the Vitamin D Receptor (VDR). While there are studies suggesting that VDR might regulate hair growth through ligand-independent mechanisms, the efficacy of Vitamin D in treating hair loss disorders has also been reported. Here, through in vivo experiments in mice, in vitro organ culture of hair follicles, and cellular-level investigations, we demonstrate that 1,25-(OH)2D3 promotes mouse hair regeneration, prolongs the hair follicle anagen, and enhances the proliferation and migration capabilities of dermal papilla cells and outer root sheath keratinocytes in a VDR-dependent manner. Transcriptome analysis of VDR-knockout mouse skin reveals the involvement of HIF-1α, NLRP3, and IL-1β in these processes. Finally, we confirm that 1,25-(OH)2D3 can counteract the inhibitory effects of DHT on hair growth. These findings suggest that 1,25-(OH)2D3 has a positive impact on hair growth and may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for androgenetic alopecia (AGA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiule Zong
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shengbo Yang
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziting Tang
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Daijing Long
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Liang R, Shi W, Li T, Gao H, Wan T, Li B, Zhou X. Effect of exogenous calcitriol on myopia development and axial length in guinea pigs with form deprivation myopia. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11382. [PMID: 38762668 PMCID: PMC11102427 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62131-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The annual increase in myopia prevalence poses a significant economic and health challenge. Our study investigated the effect of calcitriol role in myopia by inducing the condition in guinea pigs through form deprivation for four weeks. Untargeted metabolomics methods were used to analyze the differences in metabolites in the vitreous body, and the expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR) in the retina was detected. Following form deprivation, the guinea pigs received intraperitoneal injections of calcitriol at different concentrations. We assessed myopia progression using diopter measurements and biometric analysis after four weeks. Results indicated that form deprivation led to a pronounced shift towards myopia, characterized by reduced choroidal and scleral thickness, disorganized collagen fibers, and decreased scleral collagen fiber diameter. Notably, a reduction in calcitriol expression in vitreous body, diminished vitamin D and calcitriol levels in the blood, and decreased VDR protein expression in retinal tissues were observed in myopic guinea pigs. Calcitriol administration effectively slowed myopia progression, preserved choroidal and scleral thickness, and prevented the reduction of scleral collagen fiber diameter. Our findings highlight a significant decrease in calcitriol and VDR expressions in myopic guinea pigs and demonstrate that exogenous calcitriol supplementation can halt myopia development, enhancing choroidal and scleral thickness and scleral collagen fiber diameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongbin Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, No. 1508 Longhang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201500, China
| | - Wenqing Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, No. 1508 Longhang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201500, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, No. 1508 Longhang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201500, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ting Wan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, No. 1508 Longhang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201500, China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, No. 1508 Longhang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201500, China.
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Khalil B, Sharif-Askari NS, Hafezi S, Sharif-Askari FS, Al Anouti F, Hamid Q, Halwani R. Vitamin D regulates COVID-19 associated severity by suppressing the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302818. [PMID: 38748756 PMCID: PMC11095707 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of vitamin D3 (VitD3) in modulating innate and adaptive immunity has been reported in different disease contexts. Since the start of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the role of VitD3 has been highlighted in many correlational and observational studies. However, the exact mechanisms of action are not well identified. One of the mechanisms via which VitD3 modulates innate immunity is by regulating the NLRP3-inflammasome pathway, being a main underlying cause of SARS-CoV-2-induced hyperinflammation. AIMS AND MAIN METHODS Blood specimens of severe COVID-19 patients with or without VitD3 treatment were collected during their stay in the intensive care unit and patients were followed up for 29 days. qPCR, western blot, and ELISA were done to investigate the mechanism of action of VitD3 on the NLRP3 inflammasome activation. KEY FINDINGS We here report the ability of VitD3 to downregulate the NLRP3-inflammsome pathway in severe COVID-19 patients. Lower inflammasome pathway activation was observed with significantly lower gene and protein expression of NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1, ASC and IL-1β among severe COVID-19 patients treated with VitD3. The reduction of the inflammasome pathway was associated with a reduction in disease severity markers and enhancement of type I IFN pathway. SIGNIFICANCE Our data reveals an important anti-inflammatory effect of VitD3 during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Further investigations are warranted to better characterize the ability of VitD3 to control disease pathogenesis and prevent progression to severe states. This will allow for a more efficient use of a low cost and accessible treatment like VitD3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bariaa Khalil
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Narjes Saheb Sharif-Askari
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shirin Hafezi
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatemeh Saheb Sharif-Askari
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatme Al Anouti
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- ASPIRE Precision Medicine Research Institute, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Qutayba Hamid
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Prince Abdullah Ben Khaled Celiac Disease Research Chair, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Shen C, Luo Z, Ma S, Yu C, Lai T, Tang S, Zhang H, Zhang J, Xu W, Xu J. Microbe-Derived Antioxidants Protect IPEC-1 Cells from H 2O 2-Induced Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Tight Junction Protein Disruption via Activating the Nrf2 Pathway to Inhibit the ROS/NLRP3/IL-1β Signaling Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:533. [PMID: 38790638 PMCID: PMC11117695 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress can induce inflammation and tight junction disruption in enterocytes. The initiation of inflammation is thought to commence with the activation of the ROS/NLRP3/IL-1β signaling pathway, marking a crucial starting point in the process. In our previous studies, we found that microbe-derived antioxidants (MAs) showed significant potential in enhancing both antioxidant capabilities and anti-inflammatory effects. The main aim of this research was to investigate the ability of MAs to protect cells from oxidative stress caused by H2O2, to reduce inflammatory responses, and to maintain the integrity of tight junction proteins by modulating the ROS/NLRP3/IL-1β signaling pathway. IPEC-1 cells (1 × 104 cells/well) were initially exposed to 100 mg/L of MAs for 12 h, after which they were subjected to 1 mM H2O2 treatment for 1 h. We utilized small interfering RNA (siRNA) to inhibit the expression of NLRP3 and Nrf2. Inflammatory factors such as IL-1β and antioxidant enzyme activity levels were detected by ELISA. Oxidative stress marker ROS was examined by fluorescence analysis. The NLRP3/IL-1β signaling pathway, Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and Occludin) were detected by RT-qPCR or Western blotting. In our research, it was observed that MA treatment effectively suppressed the notable increase in H2O2-induced inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-18), decreased ROS accumulation, mitigated the expression of NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1, and promoted the expression of ZO-1 and Occludin. After silencing the NLRP3 gene with siRNA, the protective influence of MAs was observed to be linked with the NLRP3 inflammasome. Additional investigations demonstrated that the treatment with MAs triggered the activation of Nrf2, facilitating its translocation into the nucleus. This process resulted in a notable upregulation of Nrf2, NQO1, and HO-1 expression, along with the initiation of the Nrf2-HO-1 signaling pathway. Consequently, there was an enhancement in the activities of antioxidant enzymes like SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT, which effectively mitigated the accumulation of ROS, thereby ameliorating the oxidative stress state. The antioxidant effectiveness of MAs was additionally heightened in the presence of SFN, an activator of Nrf2. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions of MAs and their role in regulating intestinal epithelial tight junction protein disruption were significantly affected after siRNA knockdown of the Nrf2 gene. These findings suggest that MAs have the potential to reduce H2O2-triggered oxidative stress, inflammation, and disruption of intestinal epithelial tight junction proteins in IPEC-1 cells. This reduction is achieved by blocking the ROS/NLRP3/IL-1β signaling pathway through the activation of the Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jianxiong Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology/Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (C.S.); (Z.L.); (S.M.); (T.L.); (S.T.); (H.Z.); (J.Z.); (W.X.)
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11
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Huang K, Guo R, Luo H, Liu H, Chen D, Deng T, Li J, He J, Xu Z, Li M, He Q. Mucoadhesive liposomal delivery system synergizing anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation for enhanced treatment against dry eye disease. J Control Release 2024; 368:318-328. [PMID: 38428530 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a common and frequent ocular surface disease worldwide, which can cause severe ocular surface discomfort and blurred vision. Inflammation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) play decisive roles in the development of DED. However, existing treatments usually focus on anti-inflammation while ignore the role of ROS in DED. Ever worse, the clinical preparations are easily cleared by nasolacrimal ducts, resulting in poor therapeutic effect. To circumvent these obstacles, here we designed a phenylboronic acid (PBA) modified liposome co-loading immunosuppressant cyclosporin A (CsA) and antioxidant crocin (Cro). The CsA/Cro PBA Lip achieved mucoadhesion through the formation of covalent bonds between PBA and the sialic acid residues on mucin, and consequently improved the retention of drugs on the ocular surface. By inhibiting ROS production and blocking NF-κB inflammatory pathway, CsA/Cro PBA Lip successfully promoted the healing of damaged corneal epithelium, eventually achieving the goal of relieving DED. CsA/Cro PBA Lip is proven a simple yet effective dual-drug delivery system, exhibiting superior antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects both in vitro and in vivo. This approach holds great potential in the clinical treatment of DED and other related mucosal inflammations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Med-X Center for Materials, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Rong Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Haoyuan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Med-X Center for Materials, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Houqin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Med-X Center for Materials, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Med-X Center for Materials, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tao Deng
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Med-X Center for Materials, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Med-X Center for Materials, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiao He
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Med-X Center for Materials, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhuping Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Man Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Med-X Center for Materials, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Qin He
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, Med-X Center for Materials, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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12
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Li K, Lin M, Huang K, Han J, Wei L, Miao L, Chen H, Gong Q, Li X, Hu L. Therapeutic effect and mechanism of action of pterostilbene nano drugs in dry eye models. Exp Eye Res 2024; 241:109836. [PMID: 38387712 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Dry eye disease is a multifactorial dysfunction of the tear film and ocular surface, with etiology involving inflammation and oxidative stress on the ocular surface. Pterostilbene (PS) is a secondary metabolite extracted from plants, which possesses remarkable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. However, its application is limited by light instability and very poor water solubility. We modified fat-soluble PS into a biparental pterostilbene-glutaric anhydride-arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (PS-GA-RGD) nanomedicine by prodrug ligation of functional peptides. The aim of this study was to explore the protective effect and potential mechanism of PS-GA-RGD on dry eye disease in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrated good long-term biocompatibility of PS-GA-RGD through rabbit eye stimulation test. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce murine macrophages RAW 264.7 to establish an inflammation and oxidative stress model. In this model, PS-GA-RGD effectively reduced the production of ROS and 8-OHdG, enhancing the expression of antioxidant factor Nrf2 and antioxidant enzyme heme oxygenase-1. In addition, the expression of NF-κB inflammatory pathway significantly increased in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells, while PS-GA-RGD could significantly reduce this pathway. Hypertonic saline was utilized to establish a hypertonic model of human corneal epithelial cells. PS-GA-RGD was found to significantly reduce the production of ROS and NLRP3 inflammasomes in this model, exhibiting superior efficacy compared to PS. Experimental dry eye animal models were co-induced with subcutaneous injection of scopolamine and an intelligently controlled environmental system. We demonstrated that PS-GA-RGD nano drugs can prevent and reduce corneal epithelial cell defects and apoptosis, protect conjunctival goblet cells, and have an excellent anti-inflammatory effect. Finally, we demonstrated that RGD sequence in PS-GA-RGD can enhance cellular uptake, corneal retention, and penetration, thereby increasing their bioavailability and efficacy by a cell uptake assay and rabbit corneal drug retention experiment. Overall, this study highlights the potential of PS-GA-RGD nanomedicines in the treatment of dry eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Meng Lin
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Kaiyan Huang
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Jiaxin Han
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Linzhi Wei
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Lijie Miao
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Huijuan Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Qianwen Gong
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
| | - Xingyi Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
| | - Liang Hu
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
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13
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Li X, Peng H, Kang J, Sun X, Liu J. IL-1β induced down-regulation of miR-146a-5p promoted pyroptosis and apoptosis of corneal epithelial cell in dry eye disease through targeting STAT3. BMC Ophthalmol 2024; 24:144. [PMID: 38553670 PMCID: PMC10981279 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-024-03396-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM To elaborate the underlying mechanisms by which IL-1β promote progression of Dry eye disease(DED) through effect on pyroptosis and apoptosis of corneal epithelial cells(CECs). METHODS 400 mOsM solutions were used to establish the DED model (hCECs- DED). RT-qPCR was performed to measure IL-1β mRNA and miR-146a-5p in CECs. Western blotting was performed to measure STAT3, GSDMD, NLRP3, and Caspase-1 levels. Cell counting kit-8 assay was adopted to check cell viability. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. ELISAs were performed to determine IL-18, IL-33 and LDH. The luciferase test detects targeting relationships. RESULTS After treatment with 400 mOsM solution, cell viability decreased and apoptosis increased. Compared with hCECs, IL-1β was increased and miR-146a-5p was decreased in hCECs-DED. At the same time, GSDMD, NLRP3, Caspase-1, IL-18, IL-33 and LDH were significantly higher in hCECs-DED than in hCECs, while IL-1β silencing reversed this effect. In addition, IL-1β negatively regulated miR-146a-5p. MiR-146a-5p mimics eliminated the inhibition of hCECs-DED pyroptosis and apoptosis caused by IL-1β silencing. At the same time, miR-146a-5p reduced STAT3 levels in hCECs. CONCLUSION Highly expressed IL-1β promoted pyroptosis and apoptosis of hCECs- DED through downregulated miR-146a-5p and inhibited STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hua Peng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jianshu Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaomei Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, China Academy of C.M.S. Eye Hospital, NO. 33 Lugu Road, Shijingshan District, 100040, Beijing, China.
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14
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Bu J, Liu Y, Zhang R, Lin S, Zhuang J, Sun L, Zhang L, He H, Zong R, Wu Y, Li W. Potential New Target for Dry Eye Disease-Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:422. [PMID: 38671870 PMCID: PMC11047456 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial condition affecting the ocular surface. It is characterized by loss of tear film homeostasis and accompanied by ocular symptoms that may potentially result in damage to the ocular surface and even vision loss. Unmodifiable risk factors for DED mainly include aging, hormonal changes, and lifestyle issues such as reduced sleep duration, increased screen exposure, smoking, and ethanol consumption. As its prevalence continues to rise, DED has garnered considerable attention, prompting the exploration of potential new therapeutic targets. Recent studies have found that when the production of ROS exceeds the capacity of the antioxidant defense system on the ocular surface, oxidative stress ensues, leading to cellular apoptosis and further oxidative damage. These events can exacerbate inflammation and cellular stress responses, further increasing ROS levels and promoting a vicious cycle of oxidative stress in DED. Therefore, given the central role of reactive oxygen species in the vicious cycle of inflammation in DED, strategies involving antioxidants have emerged as a novel approach for its treatment. This review aims to enhance our understanding of the intricate relationship between oxidative stress and DED, thereby providing directions to explore innovative therapeutic approaches for this complex ocular disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Bu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yanbo Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Rongrong Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Sijie Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jingbin Zhuang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Le Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Hui He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Rongrong Zong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Xiamen 361015, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Xiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Xiamen 361102, China
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Feng J, Ji K, Pan Y, Huang P, He T, Xing Y. Resveratrol Ameliorates Retinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Modulating the NLRP3 Inflammasome and Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04105-8. [PMID: 38517616 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04105-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Glaucoma, as an ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury disease, leading irreversible blindness through the loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), mediated by various pathways. Resveratrol (Res) is a polyphenolic compound that exerts protective effects against I/R injury in many tissues. This article aimed to expound the underlying mechanisms through which Res protects RGCs and reduces visual dysfunction in vivo. An experimental glaucoma model was created using 6-8-week wild-type male C57BL/6J mice. Res was injected intraperitoneally for 5 days. The mice were then grouped according to the number of days after surgery and whether Res treatment was administered. We applied the Brn3a-labeled immunofluorescence staining and flash electroretinography (ERG) to assess the survival of RGCs and visual function. The expression of components of the NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, the interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β), and vital indicators of kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme-oxygenase 1 (HO-1) pathway at the protein and RNA levels were detected respectively. The survival of RGCs was reduced after surgery compared to controls, whereas Res application rescued RGCs and improved visual dysfunction. In conclusion, our results discovered that Res administration showed neuroprotective effects through inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and activation of Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Thus, we further elucidated the potential of Res in glaucoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiazhen Feng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
- Eye Institute of Wuhan University, Hubei, China
| | - Kaibao Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
- Eye Institute of Wuhan University, Hubei, China
| | - Yiji Pan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
- Eye Institute of Wuhan University, Hubei, China
| | - Pingping Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
| | - Tao He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China.
| | - Yiqiao Xing
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China.
- Eye Institute of Wuhan University, Hubei, China.
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16
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Sheng X, Xia Z, Yang H, Hu R. The ubiquitin codes in cellular stress responses. Protein Cell 2024; 15:157-190. [PMID: 37470788 PMCID: PMC10903993 DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwad045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination/ubiquitylation, one of the most fundamental post-translational modifications, regulates almost every critical cellular process in eukaryotes. Emerging evidence has shown that essential components of numerous biological processes undergo ubiquitination in mammalian cells upon exposure to diverse stresses, from exogenous factors to cellular reactions, causing a dazzling variety of functional consequences. Various forms of ubiquitin signals generated by ubiquitylation events in specific milieus, known as ubiquitin codes, constitute an intrinsic part of myriad cellular stress responses. These ubiquitination events, leading to proteolytic turnover of the substrates or just switch in functionality, initiate, regulate, or supervise multiple cellular stress-associated responses, supporting adaptation, homeostasis recovery, and survival of the stressed cells. In this review, we attempted to summarize the crucial roles of ubiquitination in response to different environmental and intracellular stresses, while discussing how stresses modulate the ubiquitin system. This review also updates the most recent advances in understanding ubiquitination machinery as well as different stress responses and discusses some important questions that may warrant future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangpeng Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150069, China
| | - Zhixiong Xia
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hanting Yang
- Department of Neurology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Translational Brain Research, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ronggui Hu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
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Tao Q, Chang Y, Day AS, Wu J, Wang X. Association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and myopia in children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study. Transl Pediatr 2024; 13:310-317. [PMID: 38455758 PMCID: PMC10915447 DOI: 10.21037/tp-23-617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Prior reports have indicated an inconsistent relationship between vitamin D levels and myopia in children and adolescents with limited sample size. This study was undertaken to further clarify this relationship with a repeated cross-section study. Methods The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database with samples <19 years old was utilized. Data on rates of myopia (spherical equivalent less than or equal to -1.0 D), serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level (high performance liquid chromatography), and other key variables were extracted and analyzed. Three models were utilized to evaluate the dose response of vitamin D levels using stepwise logistic regression. Logistic regressions for sex subgroups and other covariates were also performed, and Forest plots were drawn. Results Data were available from 6,814 children (49.5% girls; mean age: 14.9±1.85 years). The myopia and non-myopia differed in serum 25(OH)D level, gender, race, poverty income ratio (PIR), and body mass index (BMI). Serum 25(OH)D levels were negatively correlated with myopia [odds ratio (OR) =0.98, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.77-0.99, P<0.05] regardless of sex. Although the relationship did not appear to be linear, there was a dose effect with higher serum 25(OH)D levels linked with lower rates of myopia. In addition, rates of myopia were increased in females compared with males (OR =1.12, 95% CI: 1.01-1.24, P=0.03), those with a high PIR (OR =1.08, 95% CI: 1.04-1.11, P<0.001), and those with high BMI (OR =1.19, 95% CI: 1.11-1.27, P<0.001). White ethnicity (OR =0.78, 95% CI: 0.68-0.90, P<0.001) and leisure-time exercise (OR =0.94, 95% CI: 0.92-0.97, P=0.02) were associated with lower rates of myopia. Conclusions These findings indicate that higher serum 25(OH)D levels and increased amounts of leisure-time exercise are associated with lower rates of myopia in this group of children and adolescents. Meanwhile, female gender, high PIR level, and high BMI were associated with greater rates of myopia. The findings indicated that children and adolescents needed leisure-time exercise to lower the risk of myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Tao
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Chang
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- College of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Andrew S. Day
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Jinyi Wu
- Department of Public Health, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohe Wang
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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Wu CY, Song DF, Chen ZJ, Hu CS, Lin DPC, Chang HH. Absence of the Klotho Function Causes Cornea Degeneration with Specific Features Resembling Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy and Bullous Keratopathy. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:133. [PMID: 38534403 DOI: 10.3390/biology13030133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The Klotho loss-of-function mutation is known to cause accelerated senescence in many organs, but its effects on the cornea have not been published. The present study aims to investigate the effects of the Klotho null mutation on cornea degeneration and to characterize the pathological features. Mouse corneas of Klotho homozygous, heterozygous, and wild-type mice at 8 weeks of age for both genders were subject to pathological and immunohistological examinations. The results show an irregular topography on the corneal surface with a Klotho null mutation. Histological examinations revealed a reduced corneal epithelial cell density, endothelial cell-shedding, and decreased cornea stromal layer thickness in the absence of the Klotho function. Furthermore, guttae formation and the desquamation of wing cells were significantly increased, which was comparable to the characteristics of Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy and bullous keratopathy. The mechanism analysis showed multi-fold abnormalities, including oxidative stress-induced cornea epithelium apoptosis and inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling in the stroma, and a disruption of epithelial repair, presumably through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In conclusion, cornea degeneration was observed in the Klotho loss-of-function mutant mice. These pathological features support the use of Klotho mutant mice for investigating age-related cornea anomalies, including Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy, bullous keratopathy, and dry eye diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yen Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Da-Fong Song
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Jia Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Sheng Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - David Pei-Cheng Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Han-Hsin Chang
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
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Chu D, Zhao M, Rong S, Jhe W, Cai X, Xiao Y, Zhang W, Geng X, Li Z, Zhang X, Li J. Dual-Atom Nanozyme Eye Drops Attenuate Inflammation and Break the Vicious Cycle in Dry Eye Disease. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:120. [PMID: 38372846 PMCID: PMC10876514 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01322-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a major ocular pathology worldwide, causing serious ocular discomfort and even visual impairment. The incidence of DED is gradually increasing with the high-frequency use of electronic products. Although inflammation is core cause of the DED vicious cycle, reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a pivotal role in the vicious cycle by regulating inflammation from upstream. Therefore, current therapies merely targeting inflammation show the failure of DED treatment. Here, a novel dual-atom nanozymes (DAN)-based eye drops are developed. The antioxidative DAN is successfully prepared by embedding Fe and Mn bimetallic single-atoms in N-doped carbon material and modifying it with a hydrophilic polymer. The in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate the DAN is endowed with superior biological activity in scavenging excessive ROS, inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation, decreasing proinflammatory cytokines expression, and suppressing cell apoptosis. Consequently, the DAN effectively alleviate ocular inflammation, promote corneal epithelial repair, recover goblet cell density and tear secretion, thus breaking the DED vicious cycle. Our findings open an avenue to make the DAN as an intervention form to DED and ROS-mediated inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Chu
- Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyang Zhao
- Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shisong Rong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mass Eye and Ear, Mass General Brigham, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| | - Wonho Jhe
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Xiaolu Cai
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Xiao
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingchen Geng
- Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanrong Li
- Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xingcai Zhang
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
| | - Jingguo Li
- Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Jiao J, Liu L, Xiao K, Liu Q, Long Q. Atmospheric pollutant black carbon induces ocular surface damage in mice. Exp Eye Res 2024; 239:109755. [PMID: 38128749 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The threats of air pollution to human health have been gradually discovered, including its effects on eyes. The purpose of the study is to investigate the potential correlation between ocular surface exposure to black carbon and ocular surface structural damage as well as tear film dysfunction. To achieve this goal, 60 6-8-week-aged male BALB/C mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 15). 0.5 mg/ml (group A), 1 mg/ml (group B), 5 mg/ml (group C) black carbon suspension droplets and PBS solution (group D) were used in the right eyes, 4 μl per time of three times per day. Tear break-up time, corneal fluorescein staining scores, and tear volume were assessed before treatment (day 0) and on days 4, 7, 10, and 14 after treatment. On day 14, the mice were sacrificed, and corneal and conjunctival tissues were collected for histological analysis. As the exposure time increased, there were no significant changes in the measured parameters from PBS-treated group of mice (P > 0.05). However, in the black carbon-treated group, there were significant decreases in tear film break-up time, significant increases in corneal fluorescein staining scores, and significant reductions in tear secretion (all P < 0.05). After 14 days, H&E staining of the corneal epithelium showed that in the PBS-treated group of mice, the corneal epithelial cells were neatly arranged, with no inflammatory cell infiltration, while in the black carbon-treated group, the corneal epithelium was significantly thickened, the basal cell arrangement was disrupted, the number of cell layers increased, and there was evidence of inflammatory cell infiltration. In the ultrastructure of the corneal epithelium, it could be observed that the black carbon-treated group had an increased amount of corneal epithelial cell detachment compared to the PBS-treated group, at the same time, the intercellular connections were looser, and there was a decrease in the number of microvilli and desmosomes in the black carbon-treated group. The results indicate that the ocular surface exposure to black carbon can result in a decrease in tear film stability and tear secretion in mice. Moreover, it can induce alterations in the corneal structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Jiao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry & Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Kang Xiao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry & Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Qin Long
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China.
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21
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Buonfiglio F, Wasielica-Poslednik J, Pfeiffer N, Gericke A. Diabetic Keratopathy: Redox Signaling Pathways and Therapeutic Prospects. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:120. [PMID: 38247544 PMCID: PMC10812573 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, the most prevalent endocrine disorder, not only impacts the retina but also significantly involves the ocular surface. Diabetes contributes to the development of dry eye disease and induces morphological and functional corneal alterations, particularly affecting nerves and epithelial cells. These changes manifest as epithelial defects, reduced sensitivity, and delayed wound healing, collectively encapsulated in the context of diabetic keratopathy. In advanced stages of this condition, the progression to corneal ulcers and scarring further unfolds, eventually leading to corneal opacities. This critical complication hampers vision and carries the potential for irreversible visual loss. The primary objective of this review article is to offer a comprehensive overview of the pathomechanisms underlying diabetic keratopathy. Emphasis is placed on exploring the redox molecular pathways responsible for the aberrant structural changes observed in the cornea and tear film during diabetes. Additionally, we provide insights into the latest experimental findings concerning potential treatments targeting oxidative stress. This endeavor aims to enhance our understanding of the intricate interplay between diabetes and ocular complications, offering valuable perspectives for future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Buonfiglio
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (J.W.-P.); (N.P.)
| | | | | | - Adrian Gericke
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (J.W.-P.); (N.P.)
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Pan J, Pany S, Martinez-Carrasco R, Fini ME. Differential Efficacy of Small Molecules Dynasore and Mdivi-1 for the Treatment of Dry Eye Epitheliopathy or as a Countermeasure for Nitrogen Mustard Exposure of the Ocular Surface. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2024; 388:506-517. [PMID: 37442618 PMCID: PMC10801785 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.123.001697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The ocular surface comprises the wet mucosal epithelia of the cornea and conjunctiva, the associated glands, and the overlying tear film. Epitheliopathy is the common pathologic outcome when the ocular surface is subjected to oxidative stress. Whether different stresses act via the same or different mechanisms is not known. Dynasore and dyngo-4a, small molecules developed to inhibit the GTPase activity of classic dynamins DNM1, DNM2, and DNM3, but not mdivi-1, a specific inhibitor of DNM1L, protect corneal epithelial cells exposed to the oxidant tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP). Here we report that, while dyngo-4a is the more potent inhibitor of endocytosis, dynasore is the better cytoprotectant. Dynasore also protects corneal epithelial cells against exposure to high salt in an in vitro model of dysfunctional tears in dry eye. We now validate this finding in vivo, demonstrating that dynasore protects against epitheliopathy in a mouse model of dry eye. Knockdown of classic dynamin DNM2 was also cytoprotective against tBHP exposure, suggesting that dynasore's effect is at least partially on target. Like tBHP and high salt, exposure of corneal epithelial cells to nitrogen mustard upregulated the unfolded protein response and inflammatory markers, but dynasore did not protect against nitrogen mustard exposure. In contrast, mdivi-1 was cytoprotective. Interestingly, mdivi-1 did not inhibit the nitrogen mustard-induced expression of inflammatory cytokines. We conclude that exposure to tBHP or nitrogen mustard, two different oxidative stress agents, cause corneal epitheliopathy via different pathologic pathways. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Results presented in this paper, for the first time, implicate the dynamin DNM2 in ocular surface epitheliopathy. The findings suggest that dynasore could serve as a new topical treatment for dry eye epitheliopathy and that mdivi-1 could serve as a medical countermeasure for epitheliopathy due to nitrogen mustard exposure, with potentially increased efficacy when combined with anti-inflammatory agents and/or UPR modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhong Pan
- New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center and Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts University School of Medicine (J.P., S.P., R.M.-C., M.E.F.) and Program in Pharmacology and Drug Development, Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (M.E.F.), Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Satyabrata Pany
- New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center and Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts University School of Medicine (J.P., S.P., R.M.-C., M.E.F.) and Program in Pharmacology and Drug Development, Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (M.E.F.), Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rafael Martinez-Carrasco
- New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center and Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts University School of Medicine (J.P., S.P., R.M.-C., M.E.F.) and Program in Pharmacology and Drug Development, Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (M.E.F.), Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - M Elizabeth Fini
- New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center and Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts University School of Medicine (J.P., S.P., R.M.-C., M.E.F.) and Program in Pharmacology and Drug Development, Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (M.E.F.), Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
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23
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Han Y, Guo S, Li Y, Li J, Zhu L, Liu Y, Lv Y, Yu D, Zheng L, Huang C, Li C, Hu J, Liu Z. Berberine ameliorate inflammation and apoptosis via modulating PI3K/AKT/NFκB and MAPK pathway on dry eye. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 121:155081. [PMID: 37748390 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disease in ocular surface, and inflammation plays an etiological role. Berberine (BBR) has shown efficacy in treating inflammatory diseases. Yet, there was no adequate information related to the therapeutic effects of BBR for DED. PURPOSE To detect the effects and explore the potential mechanisms of BBR on DED. STUDY DESIGN In vitro, in vivo study and network pharmacology analysis were involved. METHOD The human corneal epithelium cells viability was evaluated with different concentrations of BBR. Dry eye murine model was established by exposing to the desiccating stress, and Ciclosporin (CSA), BBR eye drops or vehicle were topical administration for 7 days. The phenol red cotton tests, Oregon-green-dextran staining and Periodic acid-Schiff staining were performed and evaluated the dry eye after treatment. Inflammation and apoptosis levels of ocular surface were quantified. The potential targets related to berberine and dry eye were collected from databases. The Protein-Protein interaction network analysis and GO & KEGG enrichment analysis were realized by STRING database, Metascape platform and Cytoscape software to find core targets and signaling pathways. The SchrÖdinger software was used to molecular docking and PyMOL software to visualization. Finally, the levels of PI3K/AKT/NFκB and MAPK pathways were detected. RESULT The data revealed BBR could rescue impaired HCE under hyperosmotic conditions. In addition, BBR eye drops could ameliorate dry eye. And BBR eye drops suppressed the inflammatory factors and CD4+T cells infiltration in conjunctiva. Besides, BBR eye drops protected ocular surface by avoiding the severe apoptosis and decreasing the level of MMP-3 and MMP-9. 148 common targets intersection between BBR and dry eye were found via network pharmacology analysis. Core proteins and core pathways were identified through PPI and GO&KEGG enrichment analysis. Molecular docking displayed excellent binding between BBR and those core targets. Finally, in vivo study verified that BBR eye drops had a therapeutic effect in dry eye by inhibiting PI3K/AKT/NFκB and MAPK pathways. CONCLUSION The research provided convincing evidence that BBR could be a candidate drug for dry eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China; Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Postdoctoral mobile station of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Shujia Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Yunpeng Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Jiani Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Linfangzi Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Yuwen Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Yufei Lv
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Postdoctoral mobile station of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Dong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Lan Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Caihong Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China; Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Postdoctoral mobile station of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Jiaoyue Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.
| | - Zuguo Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China; Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Postdoctoral mobile station of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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24
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Fan H, Tian H, Jin F, Zhang X, Su S, Liu Y, Wen Z, He X, Li X, Duan C. CypD induced ROS output promotes intracranial aneurysm formation and rupture by 8-OHdG/NLRP3/MMP9 pathway. Redox Biol 2023; 67:102887. [PMID: 37717465 PMCID: PMC10514219 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are widely accepted as a pernicious factor in the progression of intracranial aneurysm (IA), which is eminently related to cell apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation, but the mechanism remains to be elucidated. Recent evidence has identified that enhancement of Cyclophilin D (CypD) under stress conditions plays a critical role in ROS output, thus accelerating vascular destruction. However, no study has confirmed whether cypD is a detrimental mediator of cell apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation in the setting of IA development. Our data indicated that endogenous cypD mRNA was significantly upregulated in human IA lesions and mouse IA wall, accompanied by higher level of ROS, MMPs and cell apoptosis. CypD-/- remarkably reversed vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) apoptosis and elastic fiber degradation, and significantly decreased the incidence of aneurysm and ruptured aneurysm, together with the downregulation of ROS, 8-OHdG, NLRP3 and MMP9 in vivo and vitro. Furthermore, we demonstrated that blockade of cypD with CsA inhibited the above processes, thus preventing IA formation and rupture, these effects were highly dependent on ROS output. Mechanistically, we found that cypD directly interacts with ATP5B to promote ROS release in VSMCs, and 8-OHdG directly bind to NLRP3, which interacted with MMP9 to increased MMP9 level and activity in vivo and vitro. Our data expound an unexpected role of cypD in IA pathogenesis and an undescribed 8-OHdG/NLRP3/MMP9 pathway involved in accelerating VSMCs apoptosis and elastic fiber degradation. Repressing ROS output by CypD inhibition may be a promising therapeutic strategy for prevention IA development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Fan
- Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, Neurosurgery Center, Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hao Tian
- Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, Neurosurgery Center, Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Fa Jin
- Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, Neurosurgery Center, Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, Neurosurgery Center, Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Shixing Su
- Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, Neurosurgery Center, Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanchao Liu
- Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, Neurosurgery Center, Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuohua Wen
- Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, Neurosurgery Center, Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuying He
- Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, Neurosurgery Center, Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Xifeng Li
- Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, Neurosurgery Center, Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China.
| | - Chuanzhi Duan
- Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, Neurosurgery Center, Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China.
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Sun H, Wang D, Ren J, Liu J, Wang Z, Wang X, Zhang A, Yang K, Yang M, Zhou H. Vitamin D ameliorates Aeromonas hydrophila-induced iron-dependent oxidative damage of grass carp splenic macrophages by manipulating Nrf2-mediated antioxidant pathway. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 142:109145. [PMID: 37805110 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) is one of major pathogenic bacteria in aquaculture and potentially virulent to grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). As an essential nutrient for fish, vitamin D3 (VD3) has been reported to play a role against oxidative stress, but the exact mechanism remains to be elusive. In this study, we found that A. hydrophila induced ferrugination and macrophage aggregation in the spleen of grass carp. Along this line, using the splenic macrophages as the model, the effects of VD3 on A. hydrophila-caused iron deposition and subsequent injuries were determined. In the context, 1,25D3 (the active form of VD3) significantly reduced cellular free Fe2+, lipid peroxidation and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) release induced by A. hydrophila in the splenic macrophages, indicating the protective effects of VD3 on A. hydrophila-led to ferroptosis-related injuries. In support of this notion, 1,25D3 was effective in hindering ferroptosis inducers-stimulated LDH release in the same cells. Mechanically, 1,25D3 enhanced iron export protein (ferroportin1) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) protein levels, and glutathione (GSH) contents via vitamin D receptor (VDR). Moreover, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway mediated the regulation of 1,25D3 on GPX4 protein expression and GSH synthesis. Meanwhile, 1,25D3 maintained the stability of Nrf2 proteins possibly by attenuating its ubiquitination degradation. Furthermore, in vivo experiments showed that 1,25D3 injection could not only improve the survival of fish infected by A. hydrophila, but also enhance GSH amounts and decrease malonaldehyde (MDA) contents and iron deposition in the spleen. In summary, our data for the first time suggest that VD3 is a potential antioxidant in fish to fight against A. hydrophila induced-ferroptotic damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Sun
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingqi Ren
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxi Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyan Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Anying Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Mu Yang
- Centre for Translational Research in Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
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Cutrupi F, De Luca A, Di Zazzo A, Micera A, Coassin M, Bonini S. Real Life Impact of Dry Eye Disease. Semin Ophthalmol 2023; 38:690-702. [PMID: 37095685 DOI: 10.1080/08820538.2023.2204931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Dry Eye Disease (DED) is an increasingly common condition that affects between 5% and 50% of the global population. Even though DED is most frequently diagnosed in older people, it has also been diagnosed in young adults and adolescents more frequently in recent years (employees, gamers). People can experience different types of symptoms and find it challenging to read, watch TV, cook, climb stairs, and meet friends. Mild and severe dry eye can reduce quality of life similarly to mild psoriasis and moderate-to-severe angina. Furthermore, DED patients experience serious difficulties driving vehicles, especially at night, and show a decrease in work productivity, which, when combined with the relevant indirect cost that this condition produces, poses a serious challenge in our days. In addition, DED patients are more likely to develop depression and suicidal ideations and experience frequent sleep disorders. Finally, it is discussed how lifestyle changes, such as increased physical activity, blinking exercises, and a proper diet, have positive implications for the management of this condition. Our aim is to draw attention to the negative effects of dry eye in real life, which are unique to each patient, especially as they relate to the non-visual symptoms experienced by DED patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Cutrupi
- Ophthalmology Complex Operative Unit, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea De Luca
- Ophthalmology Complex Operative Unit, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Zazzo
- Research Laboratories in Ophthalmology, IRCCS Bietti Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Micera
- Research Laboratories in Ophthalmology, IRCCS Bietti Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Coassin
- Ophthalmology Complex Operative Unit, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Bonini
- Ophthalmology Complex Operative Unit, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
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27
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Weng X, Luo X, Dai X, Lv Y, Zhang S, Bai X, Bao X, Wang Y, Zhao C, Zeng M, Hu S, Li J, Jia H, Yu B. Apigenin inhibits macrophage pyroptosis through regulation of oxidative stress and the NF-κB pathway and ameliorates atherosclerosis. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5300-5314. [PMID: 37526050 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Pyroptosis plays an important role in inflammatory diseases such as viral hepatitis and atherosclerosis. Apigenin exhibits various bioactivities, particularly anti-inflammation, but its effect on pyroptosis remains unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of apigenin on pyroptosis and explore its potential against inflammatory diseases. THP-1 macrophages treated by lipopolysaccharides/adenosine 5'-triphosphate were used as the in vitro pyroptosis model. Western blot was used to detect the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome components and key regulators. Immunofluorescence was used to observe ROS production and intracellular location of p65. The potential of apigenin against inflammatory diseases was evaluated using atherosclerotic mice. Plaque progression was observed by pathological staining. Immunofluorescence was used to observe the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome components in plaques. The results showed that apigenin inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Apigenin reduced ROS overproduction and inhibited p65 nuclear translocation. Additionally, apigenin decreased the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome components in the plaque. Plaque progression was inhibited by apigenin. In conclusion, apigenin exhibited a preventive effect on macrophage pyroptosis by reducing oxidative stress and inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. Apigenin may alleviate atherosclerosis at least partially by inhibiting macrophage pyroptosis. These findings suggest apigenin to be a promising therapeutic agent for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuzhu Weng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Dai
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Lv
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxuan Bai
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyi Bao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Sining Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Jia
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, People's Republic of China
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28
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Herrera-Martínez AD, Castillo-Peinado LLS, Molina-Puerta MJ, Calañas-Continente A, Membrives A, Castilla J, Camacho Cardenosa M, Casado-Díaz A, Gálvez-Moreno MA, Gahete MD, Quesada Gómez JM, Bouillon R, Priego-Capote F, Luque RM. Bariatric surgery and calcifediol treatment, Gordian knot of severe-obesity-related comorbidities treatment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1243906. [PMID: 37867510 PMCID: PMC10588639 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1243906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity (OB) is a chronic metabolic disease with important associated comorbidities and mortality. Vitamin D supplementation is frequently administered after bariatric surgery (BS), so as to reduce OB-related complications, maybe including chronic inflammation. Aim This study aimed to explore relations between vitamin D metabolites and components of the inflammasome machinery in OB before and after BS and their relations with the improvement of metabolic comorbidities. Patients and methods Epidemiological/clinical/anthropometric/biochemical evaluation was performed in patients with OB at baseline and 6 months after BS. Evaluation of i) vitamin-D metabolites in plasma and ii) components of the inflammasome machinery and inflammatory-associated factors [NOD-like-receptors (NLRs), inflammasome-activation-components, cytokines and inflammation/apoptosis-related components, and cell-cycle and DNA-damage regulators] in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was performed at baseline and 6 months after BS. Clinical and molecular correlations/associations were analyzed. Results Significant correlations between vitamin D metabolites and inflammasome-machinery components were observed at baseline, and these correlations were significantly reduced 6 months after BS in parallel to a decrease in inflammation markers, fat mass, and body weight. Treatment with calcifediol remarkably increased 25OHD levels, despite 24,25(OH)2D3 remained stable after BS. Several inflammasome-machinery components were associated with improvement in metabolic comorbidities, especially hypertension and dyslipidemia. Conclusion The beneficial effects of vitamin D on OB-related comorbidities after BS patients are associated with significant changes in the molecular expression of key inflammasome-machinery components. The expression profile of these inflammasome components can be dynamically modulated in PBMCs after BS and vitamin D supplementation, suggesting that this profile could likely serve as a sensor and early predictor of the reversal of OB-related complications after BS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aura D. Herrera-Martínez
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Laura L. S. Castillo-Peinado
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Chemical Institute for Energy and Environment (IQUEMA), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María J. Molina-Puerta
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Alfonso Calañas-Continente
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Membrives
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- General Surgery Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Juan Castilla
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- General Surgery Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Casado-Díaz
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María A. Gálvez-Moreno
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Manuel D. Gahete
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - José Manuel Quesada Gómez
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Roger Bouillon
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Feliciano Priego-Capote
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Chemical Institute for Energy and Environment (IQUEMA), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl M. Luque
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
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29
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Ouyang W, Wang S, Yan D, Wu J, Zhang Y, Li W, Hu J, Liu Z. The cGAS-STING pathway-dependent sensing of mitochondrial DNA mediates ocular surface inflammation. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:371. [PMID: 37735446 PMCID: PMC10514335 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01624-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate immune response is the main pathophysiological process of ocular surface diseases exposed to multiple environmental stresses. The epithelium is central to the innate immune response, but whether and how innate immunity is initiated by ocular epithelial cells in response to various environmental stresses in ocular surface diseases, such as dry eye, is still unclear. By utilizing two classic experimental dry eye models-a mouse ocular surface treated with benzalkonium chloride (BAC) and a mouse model with surgically removed extraorbital lachrymal glands, as well as dry eye patient samples-along with human corneal epithelial cells (HCE) exposed to hyperosmolarity, we have discovered a novel innate immune pathway in ocular surface epithelial cells. Under stress, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was released into the cytoplasm through the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) and further activated the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway, aggravating downstream inflammatory responses and ocular surface damage. Genetic deletion or pharmacological suppression of STING and inhibition of mtDNA release reduced inflammatory responses, whereas mtDNA transfection supported cytoplasmic mtDNA-induced inflammatory responses by activating the cGAS-STING pathway. Our study clarified the cGAS-STING pathway-dependent sensing of mitochondrial DNA-mediated ocular surface inflammation, which elucidated a new mechanism of ocular surface diseases in response to multiple environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Ouyang
- Xiamen University affiliated Xiamen Eye Center; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science; Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine; Eye Institute of Xiamen University; School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Shoubi Wang
- Xiamen University affiliated Xiamen Eye Center; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science; Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine; Eye Institute of Xiamen University; School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Dan Yan
- Xiamen University affiliated Xiamen Eye Center; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science; Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine; Eye Institute of Xiamen University; School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Jieli Wu
- Changsha Aier Eye Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410016, China
| | - Yunuo Zhang
- Xiamen University affiliated Xiamen Eye Center; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science; Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine; Eye Institute of Xiamen University; School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Wei Li
- Xiamen University affiliated Xiamen Eye Center; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science; Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine; Eye Institute of Xiamen University; School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Jiaoyue Hu
- Xiamen University affiliated Xiamen Eye Center; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science; Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine; Eye Institute of Xiamen University; School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.
| | - Zuguo Liu
- Xiamen University affiliated Xiamen Eye Center; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science; Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine; Eye Institute of Xiamen University; School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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30
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Tian Y, Zhang Y, Zhao J, Luan F, Wang Y, Lai F, Ouyang D, Tao Y. Combining MSC Exosomes and Cerium Oxide Nanocrystals for Enhanced Dry Eye Syndrome Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2301. [PMID: 37765270 PMCID: PMC10536361 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a prevalent ocular disorder involving diminishe·d tear production and increased tear evaporation, leading to ocular discomfort and potential surface damage. Inflammation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in the pathophysiology of DES. Inflammation is one core cause of the DES vicious cycle. Moreover, there are ROS that regulate inflammation in the cycle from the upstream, which leads to treatment failure in current therapies that merely target inflammation. In this study, we developed a novel therapeutic nanoparticle approach by growing cerium oxide (Ce) nanocrystals in situ on mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSCExos), creating MSCExo-Ce. The combined properties of MSCExos and cerium oxide nanocrystals aim to target the "inflammation-ROS-injury" pathological mechanism in DES. We hypothesized that this approach would provide a new treatment option for patients with DES. Our analysis confirmed the successful in situ crystallization of cerium onto MSCExos, and MSCExo-Ce displayed excellent biocompatibility. In vitro and in vivo experiments have demonstrated that MSCExo-Ce promotes corneal cell growth, scavenges ROS, and more effectively suppresses inflammation compared with MSCExos alone. MSCExo-Ce also demonstrated the ability to alleviate DES symptoms and reverse pathological alterations at both the cellular and tissue levels. In conclusion, our findings highlight the potential of MSCExo-Ce as a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of DES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yiquan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jiawei Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Fuxiao Luan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Fan Lai
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resource in Yunnan, Center for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Defang Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences (ICMS), University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Yong Tao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
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31
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Humbert A, Lefebvre R, Nawrot M, Caussy C, Rieusset J. Calcium signalling in hepatic metabolism: Health and diseases. Cell Calcium 2023; 114:102780. [PMID: 37506596 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2023.102780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The flexibility between the wide array of hepatic functions relies on calcium (Ca2+) signalling. Indeed, Ca2+ is implicated in the control of many intracellular functions as well as intercellular communication. Thus, hepatocytes adapt their Ca2+ signalling depending on their nutritional and hormonal environment, leading to opposite cellular functions, such as glucose storage or synthesis. Interestingly, hepatic metabolic diseases, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases, are associated with impaired Ca2+ signalling. Here, we present the hepatocytes' toolkit for Ca2+ signalling, complete with regulation systems and signalling pathways activated by nutrients and hormones. We further discuss the current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms leading to alterations of Ca2+ signalling in hepatic metabolic diseases, and review the literature on the clinical impact of Ca2+-targeting therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Humbert
- Laboratoire CarMeN, INSERM U-1060, INRAE U-1397, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Rémy Lefebvre
- Laboratoire CarMeN, INSERM U-1060, INRAE U-1397, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Margaux Nawrot
- Laboratoire CarMeN, INSERM U-1060, INRAE U-1397, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Cyrielle Caussy
- Laboratoire CarMeN, INSERM U-1060, INRAE U-1397, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre-Bénite, France; Département Endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Jennifer Rieusset
- Laboratoire CarMeN, INSERM U-1060, INRAE U-1397, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre-Bénite, France.
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32
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Han Y, Zhang Y, Yuan K, Wu Y, Jin X, Huang X. Hyperosmolarity promotes macrophage pyroptosis by driving the glycolytic reprogramming of corneal epithelial cells in dry eye disease. Front Med 2023; 17:781-795. [PMID: 37266854 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-023-0986-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Tear film hyperosmolarity plays a core role in the development of dry eye disease (DED) by mediating the disruption of ocular surface homeostasis and triggering inflammation in ocular surface epithelium. In this study, the mechanisms involving the hyperosmolar microenvironment, glycolysis mediating metabolic reprogramming, and pyroptosis were explored clinically, in vitro, and in vivo. Data from DED clinical samples indicated that the expression of glycolysis and pyroptosis-related genes, including PKM2 and GSDMD, was significantly upregulated and that the secretion of IL-1β significantly increased. In vitro, the indirect coculture of macrophages derived from THP-1 and human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) was used to discuss the interaction among cells. The hyperosmolar environment was found to greatly induce HCECs' metabolic reprogramming, which may be the primary cause of the subsequent inflammation in macrophages upon the activation of the related gene and protein expression. 2-Deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG) could inhibit the glycolysis of HCECs and subsequently suppress the pyroptosis of macrophages. In vivo, 2-DG showed potential efficacy in relieving DED activity and could significantly reduce the overexpression of genes and proteins related to glycolysis and pyroptosis. In summary, our findings suggested that hyperosmolar-induced glycolytic reprogramming played an active role in promoting DED inflammation by mediating pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Han
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Kelan Yuan
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yaying Wu
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Xiuming Jin
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Xiaodan Huang
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
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Zhuang D, Misra SL, Mugisho OO, Rupenthal ID, Craig JP. NLRP3 Inflammasome as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Dry Eye Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10866. [PMID: 37446038 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial ocular surface disorder arising from numerous interrelated underlying pathologies that trigger a self-perpetuating cycle of instability, hyperosmolarity, and ocular surface damage. Associated ocular discomfort and visual disturbance contribute negatively to quality of life. Ocular surface inflammation has been increasingly recognised as playing a key role in the pathophysiology of chronic DED. Current readily available anti-inflammatory agents successfully relieve symptoms, but often without addressing the underlying pathophysiological mechanism. The NOD-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway has recently been implicated as a key driver of ocular surface inflammation, as reported in pre-clinical and clinical studies of DED. This review discusses the intimate relationship between DED and inflammation, highlights the involvement of the inflammasome in the development of DED, describes existing anti-inflammatory therapies and their limitations, and evaluates the potential of the inflammasome in the context of the existing anti-inflammatory therapeutic landscape as a therapeutic target for effective treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Zhuang
- Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Stuti L Misra
- Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Odunayo O Mugisho
- Buchanan Ocular Therapeutics Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Ilva D Rupenthal
- Buchanan Ocular Therapeutics Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Jennifer P Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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Liang Q, Guo R, Tsao JR, He Y, Wang C, Jiang J, Zhang D, Chen T, Yue T, Hu K. Salidroside alleviates oxidative stress in dry eye disease by activating autophagy through AMPK-Sirt1 pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 121:110397. [PMID: 37302369 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disease, and oxidative stress plays a crucial role in its pathogenesis. Recently, multiple studies have shown that upregulation of autophagy can protect the cornea from oxidative stress damage. The present study investigated the therapeutic effects of salidroside, the main component of Rhodiola crenulata, in both in vivo and in vitro dry eye models. The results showed that topical eye drop treatment with salidroside restored corneal epithelium damage, increased tear secretion, and reduced cornea inflammation in the DED mice. Salidroside activated autophagy through AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-sirtuin-1 (Sirt1) signaling pathway, which promoted the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and increased the expression of downstream antioxidant factors heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1). This process restored antioxidant enzyme activity, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and alleviated oxidative stress. The application of autophagy inhibitor chloroquine and AMPK inhibitor Compound C reversed the therapeutic efficacy of salidroside, validating the above findings. In conclusion, our data suggest that salidroside is a promising candidate for DED treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rongjie Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia-Ruei Tsao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yun He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenchen Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 618 Fengqi East Rd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaxuan Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Taige Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tingting Yue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Kai Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Rd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Hamza FN, Daher S, Fakhoury HMA, Grant WB, Kvietys PR, Al-Kattan K. Immunomodulatory Properties of Vitamin D in the Intestinal and Respiratory Systems. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071696. [PMID: 37049536 PMCID: PMC10097244 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D plays a crucial role in modulating the innate immune response by interacting with its intracellular receptor, VDR. In this review, we address vitamin D/VDR signaling and how it contributes to the regulation of intestinal and respiratory microbiota. We additionally review some components of the innate immune system, such as the barrier function of the pulmonary and intestinal epithelial membranes and secretion of mucus, with their respective modulation by vitamin D. We also explore the mechanisms by which this vitamin D/VDR signaling mounts an antimicrobial response through the transduction of microbial signals and the production of antimicrobial peptides that constitute one of the body’s first lines of defense against pathogens. Additionally, we highlight the role of vitamin D in clinical diseases, namely inflammatory bowel disease and acute respiratory distress syndrome, where excessive inflammatory responses and dysbiosis are hallmarks. Increasing evidence suggests that vitamin D supplementation may have potentially beneficial effects on those diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatheia N. Hamza
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Daher
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hana M. A. Fakhoury
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - William B. Grant
- Sunlight, Nutrition, and Health Research Center, P.O. Box 641603, San Francisco, CA 94164-1603, USA
| | - Peter R. Kvietys
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Al-Kattan
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
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Yang X, Zuo X, Zeng H, Liao K, He D, Wang B, Yuan J. IFN-γ Facilitates Corneal Epithelial Cell Pyroptosis Through the JAK2/STAT1 Pathway in Dry Eye. INVESTIGATIVE OPTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE 2023; 64:34. [PMID: 36988949 PMCID: PMC10064915 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.3.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the effect of gamma interferon (IFN-γ) on corneal epithelial pyroptosis in an experimental dry eye (DE) model and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods Experimental DE was established in adult wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice and Ifng-knockout mice on a C57BL/6 background by subcutaneous injection of scopolamine (1.5 mg/0.3 mL, three times per day) and exposure to desiccating stress. An immortalized human corneal epithelial cell line (HCE-T) was treated with IFN-γ under hyperosmolar conditions. Corneal epithelial defects, tear production, and conjunctival goblet cells were detected by fluorescein sodium staining, the phenol red cotton test, and periodic acid-Schiff staining. The mRNA expression was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. Changes in protein expression were analyzed by Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Cell Counting Kit-8 and lactate dehydrogenase assays and in situ TUNEL staining were used to assess cell death. Results The expression of IFNG and its related genes was increased in the corneas of DE mice, whereas genetic deletion of Ifng ameliorated desiccating stress-induced dry eye symptoms. We further found that IFN-γ activated the JAK2/STAT1 signaling pathway inducing corneal epithelial pyroptosis. Topical application of a STAT1 inhibitor in vivo or siRNA targeting STAT1 in vitro suppressed pyroptosis of corneal epithelial cells. In addition, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was elevated in DE, and a reduction in excessive ROS release prevented pyroptosis. Conclusions The increase in IFN-γ participates in the pathogenesis of dry eye and promotes corneal epithelial pyroptosis by activating the JAK2/STAT1 signaling pathway. Oxidative stress might be in downstream of JAK2/STAT1, thereby contributing to pyroptosis.
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The long non-coding RNA SNHG1 attenuates chondrocyte apoptosis and inflammation via the miR-195/IKK-α axis. Cell Tissue Bank 2023; 24:167-180. [PMID: 35796880 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-022-10019-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Multiple studies have suggested that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the development and progression of osteoarthritis (OA). However, how lncRNA SNHG1 regulates OA remains unknown. This study aimed to explore how SNHG1 regulates chondrocyte apoptosis and inflammation. Our data showed that H2O2-treated chondrocytes exhibited lower expression of SNHG1 and secreted higher levels of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α than untreated cells. Further, overexpressing SNHG1 reduced chondrocyte apoptosis and production of inflammatory factors. Additionally, SNHG1 targets miR-195 directly, and IKK-α has direct biding sites for miR-195. Of note, IKK-α acts as an inhibitor of the NF-κB signaling pathway. These findings suggest that SNHG1 can upregulate IKK-α by inhibiting miR-195 and thus, inhibit NF-κB activity. Our in vivo experiments validate our in vitro findings. Thus, under oxidative stress, SNHG1 inhibits the activation of NF-κB to attenuate chondrocyte apoptosis and inflammation via the miR-195/IKK-α axis. Targeting SNHG1 may serve as a potential novel therapeutic approach for OA.
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Mandell JT, de Rivero Vaccari JP, Sabater AL, Galor A. The inflammasome pathway: A key player in ocular surface and anterior segment diseases. Surv Ophthalmol 2023; 68:280-289. [PMID: 35798189 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2022.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are multicomplex molecular regulators with an emerging importance in regulating ocular surface and anterior segment health and disease. Key components found in the eye include NF-κB, NLRP3, NLRC4, NLRP6, ASC, IL-1β, IL-18, and caspase-1. The role of NLRP1, NLRC4, AIM2, and NLRP3 inflammasomes in the pathogenesis of infectious ulcers, DED, uveitis, glaucoma, corneal edema, and other diseases is being studied with many developments. Attenuation of these diseases has been explored by blocking various molecules along the inflammasome pathway with agents like NAC, polydatin, calcitriol, glyburide, YVAD, and disulfiram. We provide a background on the inflammasome pathway as it relates to the ocular surface and anterior segment of the eye, discuss the role of inflammasomes in the above diseases in animals and humans, investigate new therapeutic targets, and explore the efficacy of new anti-inflammasome therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL, USA
| | | | - Anat Galor
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Ophthalmology, Miami Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Miami, FL, USA.
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Martinez-Carrasco R, Fini ME. Dynasore Protects Corneal Epithelial Cells Subjected to Hyperosmolar Stress in an In Vitro Model of Dry Eye Epitheliopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054754. [PMID: 36902183 PMCID: PMC10003680 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epitheliopathy at the ocular surface is a defining sign of dry eye disease, a common disorder that affects 10% to 30% of the world's population. Hyperosmolarity of the tear film is one of the main drivers of pathology, with subsequent endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, the resulting unfolded protein response (UPR), and caspase-3 activation implicated in the pathway to programmed cell death. Dynasore, is a small molecule inhibitor of dynamin GTPases that has shown therapeutic effects in a variety of disease models involving oxidative stress. Recently we showed that dynasore protects corneal epithelial cells exposed to the oxidant tBHP, by selective reduction in expression of CHOP, a marker of the UPR PERK branch. Here we investigated the capacity of dynasore to protect corneal epithelial cells subjected to hyperosmotic stress (HOS). Similar to dynasore's capacity to protect against tBHP exposure, dynasore inhibits the cell death pathway triggered by HOS, protecting against ER stress and maintaining a homeostatic level of UPR activity. However, unlike with tBHP exposure, UPR activation due to HOS is independent of PERK and mostly driven by the UPR IRE1 branch. Our results demonstrate the role of the UPR in HOS-driven damage, and the potential of dynasore as a treatment to prevent dry eye epitheliopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Martinez-Carrasco
- New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center and Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Correspondence: (R.M.-C.); (M.E.F.)
| | - M. Elizabeth Fini
- New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center and Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Correspondence: (R.M.-C.); (M.E.F.)
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Trotta MC, Herman H, Balta C, Rosu M, Ciceu A, Mladin B, Gesualdo C, Lepre CC, Russo M, Petrillo F, Pieretti G, Simonelli F, Rossi S, D’Amico M, Hermenean A. Oral Administration of Vitamin D3 Prevents Corneal Damage in a Knock-Out Mouse Model of Sjögren's Syndrome. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020616. [PMID: 36831152 PMCID: PMC9953695 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with dry eye development during Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Here, we investigated whether repeated oral vitamin D3 supplementation could prevent the corneal epithelium damage in an SS mouse model. METHODS 30 female mouse knock-out for the thrombospondin 1 gene were randomized (six per group) in untreated mice euthanized at 6 weeks as negative control (C-) or at 12 weeks as the positive control for dry eye (C+). Other mice were sacrificed after 6 weeks of oral vitamin D3 supplementation in the drinking water (1000, 8000, and 20,000 IU/kg/week, respectively). RESULTS The C+ mice showed alterations in their corneal epithelial morphologies and thicknesses (p < 0.01 vs. C-), while the mice receiving 8000 (M) and 20,000 (H) IU/kg/week of vitamin D3 showed preservation of the corneal epithelium morphology and thickness (p < 0.01 vs. C+). Moreover, while the C+ mice exhibited high levels and activity of corneal tumor necrosis factor alpha converting enzyme (TACE), neovascularization and fibrosis markers; these were all reduced in the M and H mice. CONCLUSIONS Oral vitamin D3 supplementation appeared to counteract the negative effect of TACE on corneal epithelium in a mouse model of SS-associated dry eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Consiglia Trotta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Hildegard Herman
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Revolutiei Av., 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - Cornel Balta
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Revolutiei Av., 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - Marcel Rosu
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Revolutiei Av., 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - Alina Ciceu
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Revolutiei Av., 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - Bianca Mladin
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Revolutiei Av., 310414 Arad, Romania
| | - Carlo Gesualdo
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi de Crecchio 6, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Caterina Claudia Lepre
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Marina Russo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Petrillo
- PhD Course in Translational Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Gorizio Pieretti
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi de Crecchio 6, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Simonelli
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi de Crecchio 6, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Settimio Rossi
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luigi de Crecchio 6, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Michele D’Amico
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Anca Hermenean
- “Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Revolutiei Av., 310414 Arad, Romania
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Ali FE, Ibrahim IM, Ghogar OM, Abd-alhameed EK, Althagafy HS, Hassanein EH. Therapeutic interventions target the NLRP3 inflammasome in ulcerative colitis: Comprehensive study. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:1026-1053. [PMID: 36844140 PMCID: PMC9950862 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i6.1026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the significant health issues in the world is the prevalence of ulcerative colitis (UC). UC is a chronic disorder that mainly affects the colon, beginning with the rectum, and can progress from asymptomatic mild inflammation to extensive inflammation of the entire colon. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of UC pathogenesis emphasizes the need for innovative therapeutic approaches based on identifying molecular targets. Interestingly, in response to cellular injury, the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a crucial part of the inflammation and immunological reaction by promoting caspase-1 activation and the release of interleukin-1β. This review discusses the mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation by various signals and its regulation and impact on UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fares E.M Ali
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Islam M. Ibrahim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Osama M Ghogar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Esraa K. Abd-alhameed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 12345, Egypt
| | - Hanan S. Althagafy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 12345, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad H.M. Hassanein
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
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Wang B, Jie H, Wang S, Dong B, Zou Y. The role of (pro)renin receptor and its soluble form in cardiovascular diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1086603. [PMID: 36824459 PMCID: PMC9941963 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1086603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a major classic therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. In addition to the circulating RAS, local tissue RAS has been identified in various tissues and plays roles in tissue inflammation and tissue fibrosis. (Pro)renin receptor (PRR) was identified as a new member of RAS in 2002. Studies have demonstrated the effects of PRR and its soluble form in local tissue RAS. Moreover, as an important part of vacuolar H+-ATPase, it also contributes to normal lysosome function and cell survival. Evidently, PRR participates in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and may be a potential therapeutic target of cardiovascular diseases. This review focuses on the effects of PRR and its soluble form on the physiological state, hypertension, myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury, heart failure, metabolic cardiomyopathy, and atherosclerosis. We aimed to investigate the possibilities and challenges of PRR and its soluble form as a new therapeutic target in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China,Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China,Department of Cardiology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Haipeng Jie
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China,Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuangxi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China,Shuangxi Wang,
| | - Bo Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China,Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China,Department of Cardiology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China,*Correspondence: Bo Dong,
| | - Yunzeng Zou
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Yunzeng Zou,
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The Interaction between Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Gut Microbiota in the Antioxidant Effects of Extracts from Sonchus brachyotus DC. in Oxazolone-Induced Intestinal Oxidative Stress in Adult Zebrafish. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010192. [PMID: 36671053 PMCID: PMC9854779 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a phenomenon caused by an imbalance between the production and accumulation of reactive oxygen species in cells and tissues that eventually leads to the production of various diseases. Here, we investigated the antioxidant effects of the extract from Sonchus brachyotus DC. (SBE) based on the 0.2% oxazolone-induced intestinal oxidative stress model of zebrafish. Compared to the model group, the treatment group alleviated oxazolone-induced intestinal tissue damage and reduced the contents of malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species, IL-1β, and TNF-α and then increased the contents of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and IL-10. The 16s rDNA gene sequencing findings demonstrated that SBE could increase the relative abundance of Fusobacteriota, Actinobacteriota, and Firmicutes and decrease the relative abundance of Proteobacteria. Based on the correlation analysis between the oxidative stress biomarkers and intestinal flora, we found that the trends of oxidative stress biomarkers were significantly correlated with intestinal microorganisms, especially at the genus level. The correlations of MDA, IL-1β, and TNF-α were significantly negative with Shewanella, while SOD, GSH-Px, and IL-10 were significantly positive with Cetobacterium, Gemmobacter, and Flavobacterium. Consequently, we concluded that the antioxidant effect of SBE was realized through the interaction between oxidative stress biomarkers and gut microbiota.
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Zhang G, Zhao X, Cai J, Li S, Li X, Li W, Shi P, Liu D, Zheng D, Zhang T, Feng R, Liu H. XCHT alleviates the pancreatic fibrosis via VDR/NLRP3 signaling pathway in a mouse model of CP. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 300:115689. [PMID: 36096349 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Xiao Chai Hu Tang (XCHT) derived from the classic medical book Shang Han Lun (Treatise on Febrile Diseases) in the Eastern Han Dynasty, which has been widely used in China and other Asian countries for the treatment of inflammation and fibrosis of chronic pancreatitis (CP), but the therapeutic mechanism of XCHT in pancreatic fibrosis remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to evaluate the intervention effects and explore pharmacological mechanism of XCHT on inflammation and fibrosis in cerulein-induced CP model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into five main groups, 10 animals in each: Control, CP model (50 μg/kg cerulein), high dose XCHT-treated CP group (60 g/kg XCHT), medium dose XCHT-treated CP group (30 g/kg XCHT) and low dose XCHT-treated CP group (15 g/kg XCHT). Different doses of XCHT were given to mice by gavage twice a day for 2 weeks after the CP model induction. Pancreatic tissues were harvested and the pancreatic inflammation and fibrosis were evaluated by histological score, Sirius red staining, and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) immunohistochemical staining. ELISA, IHC and RT-qPCR were performed to detect the expression of Vitamin D3 (VD3) and Vitamin D receptor (VDR) in serum and pancreatic tissues, respectively. The expressions of NLRP3 inflammasome related genes and molecules were assayed by WB, IHC and RT-qPCR. RESULTS The pathohistological results demonstrated that XCHT markedly inhibited the fibrosis and chronic inflammation of cerulein-induced CP, indicated by reduction of collagen I, collagen III, α-SMA, and NLRP3 expressions. XCHT significantly increased VD3 and VDR expression while reduced the pancreatic NLRP3 expression. Correspondingly, XCHT decreased the levels of NLRP3 downstream targets IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6. CONCLUSIONS These results revealed that XCHT suppressed the pancreatic fibrosis and chronic inflammation in cerulein-induced CP model by enhancing the VD3/VDR expression and inhibiting the secretion of NLRP3-assoicated inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixian Zhang
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Medicine and Health Research Center, Duolun Rd, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Xiumei Zhao
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Medicine and Health Research Center, Duolun Rd, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Jun Cai
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Medicine and Health Research Center, Duolun Rd, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Sainan Li
- Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xijing Li
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Medicine and Health Research Center, Duolun Rd, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Wenchang Li
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Medicine and Health Research Center, Duolun Rd, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Pengcheng Shi
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Medicine and Health Research Center, Duolun Rd, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Dawei Liu
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Medicine and Health Research Center, Duolun Rd, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Duo Zheng
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Medicine and Health Research Center, Duolun Rd, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Medicine and Health Research Center, Duolun Rd, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Renrui Feng
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Medicine and Health Research Center, Duolun Rd, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin Medicine and Health Research Center, Duolun Rd, Tianjin, 300020, China.
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Wells T, Poindexter M, Kweh M, Blakely L, Nelson C. Intramammary 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 treatments differentially increase serum calcium and milk cell gene expression. JDS COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 4:91-96. [PMID: 36974222 PMCID: PMC10039239 DOI: 10.3168/jdsc.2022-0336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Intramammary 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25D) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D) treatments stimulate immune defenses of the mammary gland. We hypothesized 25D treatment, in contrast to 1,25D, would exert activity in the mammary gland without affecting serum calcium. The objective was to determine the effect of dose and source of intramammary vitamin D treatments on milk somatic cell gene expression and serum calcium. Twenty lactating Holstein cows with somatic cell count <200,000 cells/mL of milk were used for the experiment. Cows were blocked by somatic cell count and randomly assigned to 1 of 5 intramammary treatments (n = 4 cows/treatment): placebo control (CNTRL; 0.4% Tween 20 in phosphate-buffered saline), 100 μg of 25D, 500 μg of 25D, 10 μg of 1,25D, or 50 μg of 1,25D. Treatments were administered in 2 ipsilateral quarters after milking. Blood samples were collected at 0, 12, 24, and 48 h for measurement of Ca and 1,25D. Milk samples were collected from each quarter at 0, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h relative to the start of treatments for measurement of gene expression in milk somatic cells. The 1,25D treatments increased serum concentrations of 1,25D and Ca in a dose-dependent manner with maximum 1,25D and Ca concentrations of 199 ± 6 pg/mL and 2.73 ± 0.04 mM, respectively, observed for 50 μg of 1,25D cows compared with 59 ± 6 pg/mL and 2.54 mM, respectively, for CNTRL cows. The 25D treatments did not affect serum 1,25D and Ca compared with CNTRL. The 25D and 1,25D treatments increased mRNA transcripts for vitamin D 24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2A), and chemokine C-C motif ligand 5 (CCL5) in a dose-dependent manner. The 50 μg of 1,25D treatment resulted in the greatest CYP24A1 expression (303-fold relative to CNTRL) at 6 h but was not different from CNTRL at 24 h. In contrast, CYP24A1 was 57-fold greater for cows that received 500 μg of 25D compared with CNTRL at 24 h. In conclusion, intramammary 25D treatment is effective at regulating gene expression in the mammary gland without systemic effects on serum 1,25D and Ca that occur with intramammary 1,25D treatment.
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Microbe-Derived Antioxidants Reduce Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Responses by Activating the Nrf2 Pathway to Inhibit the ROS/NLRP3/IL-1β Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012477. [PMID: 36293333 PMCID: PMC9603940 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays an important role in the innate immune response, yet overproduction of inflammation can lead to a variety of chronic diseases associated with the innate immune system; therefore, modulation of the excessive inflammatory response has been considered a major strategy in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Activation of the ROS/NLRP3/IL-1β signaling axis has been suggested to be a key initiating phase of inflammation. Our previous study found that microbe-derived antioxidants (MA) are shown to have excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties; however, the mechanism of action of MA remains unclear. The current study aims to investigate whether MA could protect cells from LPS-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses by modulating the Nrf2-ROS-NLRP3-IL-1β signaling pathway. In this study, we find that MA treatment significantly alleviates LPS-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 cells. MA significantly reduce the accumulation of ROS in RAW264.7 cells, down-regulate the levels of pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α and IL-6), inhibit NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1 mRNA, and protein levels, and reduce the mRNA, protein levels, and content of inflammatory factors (IL-1β and IL-18). The protective effect of MA is significantly reduced after the siRNA knockdown of the NLRP3 gene, presumably related to the ability of MA to inhibit the ROS-NLRP3-IL-1β signaling pathway. MA is able to reduce the accumulation of ROS and alleviate oxidative stress by increasing the content of antioxidant enzymes, such as SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT. The protective effect of MA may be due to its ability of MA to induce Nrf2 to enter the nucleus and initiate the expression of antioxidant enzymes. The antioxidant properties of MA are further enhanced in the presence of the Nrf2 activator SFN. After the siRNA knockdown of the Nrf2 gene, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of MA are significantly affected. These findings suggest that MA may inhibit the LPS-stimulated ROS/NLRP3/IL-1β signaling axis by activating Nrf2-antioxidant signaling in RAW264.7 cells. As a result of this study, MA has been found to alleviate inflammatory responses and holds promise as a therapeutic agent for inflammation-related diseases.
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Zuo X, Zeng H, Wang B, Yang X, He D, Wang L, Ouyang H, Yuan J. AKR1C1 Protects Corneal Epithelial Cells Against Oxidative Stress-Mediated Ferroptosis in Dry Eye. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:3. [PMID: 36066316 PMCID: PMC9463717 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.10.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the precise mode of cell death and to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the initiation of inflammation in dry eye disease (DED). Methods C57BL/6 mice were injected with scopolamine subcutaneously and exposed to desiccating stress to establish a DED mouse model. An immortalized human corneal epithelial cell line (HCEC) was cultured under hyperosmolarity (500 mOsM). Protein expressions were measured using western blot assay and immunofluorescence staining. mRNA expression was analyzed by RNA-sequencing and quantitative RT-PCR. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the intracellular ultrastructure. Intracellular Fe2+ was detected by a FerroOrange fluorescent probe. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the cellular reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. Results Marked changes in ferroptosis-related markers expression, intracellular iron accumulation, and lipid peroxidation were observed in corneal epithelial cells of DED models. When excessive oxidative stress was suppressed, ferroptosis induced by hyperosmolarity in HCECs was restrained, as indicated by decreased iron content and lipid peroxidation levels. Moreover, AKR1C1 was upregulated by the activation of NRF2 in HCECs under hyperosmolarity. When AKR1C1 was knocked down, cell viability was decreased, accompanied by increased lipid peroxidation, whereas overexpression of AKR1C1 produced the opposite results. It was observed consistently that corneal defects and the inflammatory response were promoted after inhibition of AKR1C1 in vivo. Conclusions Excessive oxidative stress-induced ferroptosis participates in DED pathogenesis. The expression of AKR1C1 is triggered by NRF2 to decrease ferroptosis-induced cell damage and inflammation in HCECs. These findings may provide potential makers targeting ferroptosis and AKR1C1 for DED therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bowen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dalian He
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China
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Role of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2 (Nrf2) in the Recovery of Long COVID-19 Using Natural Antioxidants: A Systematic Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081551. [PMID: 36009268 PMCID: PMC9405009 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease with approximately 517 million confirmed cases, with the average number of cases revealing that patients recover immediately without hospitalization. However, several other cases found that patients still experience various symptoms after 3–12 weeks, which is known as a long COVID syndrome. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can activate nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κβ) and unbind the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) with Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), causing inhibition of Nrf2, which has an important role in antioxidant response and redox homeostasis. Disrupting the Keap1–Nrf2 pathway enhances Nrf2 activity, and has been identified as a vital approach for the prevention of oxidative stress and inflammation. Hence, natural antioxidants from various sources have been identified as a promising strategy to prevent oxidative stress, which plays a role in reducing the long COVID-19 symptoms. Oxygen-rich natural antioxidant compounds provide an effective Nrf2 activation effect that interact with the conserved amino acid residues in the Keap1-binding pocket, such as Ser602, Ser363, Ser508, and Ser555. In this review, the benefits of various natural antioxidant compounds that can modulate the Nrf2 signaling pathway, which is critical in reducing and curing long COVID-19, are highlighted and discussed.
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Morelli-Batters A, Lamont HC, Elghobashy M, Masood I, Hill LJ. The role of Vitamin D3 in ocular fibrosis and its therapeutic potential for the glaucomatous trabecular meshwork. FRONTIERS IN OPHTHALMOLOGY 2022; 2:897118. [PMID: 38983544 PMCID: PMC11182265 DOI: 10.3389/fopht.2022.897118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness globally. The most prevalent subtype, Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG), is characterized by increased intraocular pressure (IOP), damage to the optic nerve head and irreversible visual loss. IOP increases aqueous humor (AqH) outflow is reduced through the trabecular meshwork (TM) and Schlemm's canal (SC). Increased outflow resistance is partly due to TM/SC dysregulation, including loss of normal trabecular meshwork cell (TMC) function, following increased levels of oxidative stress within TMC, dysregulated extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and remodeling alongside alterations in TMC phenotype and apoptosis. Current widely available POAG treatments do not target the aberrant expression of ECM in the TM directly. As a result, most drug treatments can fail as the underlying pathological process continues unabated. Rho-kinase inhibitors have demonstrated the benefit of restoring TM/SC function, however there is a clear need to develop further treatment strategies that can target the underlying cellular processes which become dysregulated within the TMC during POAG pathogenesis. Vitamin D is suggested to be beneficial in alleviating the symptoms of fibrosis and inflammation in soft tissues. It has important functions in many major organ systems, including regulation of calcium, phosphate and parathyroid hormone. Evidence suggests that Vitamin D3 modulates ECM turnover through the conventional TGFβ-SMAD signaling, which is associated with the development of POAG. The link between Vitamin D3, inflammation and fibrosis within ocular tissues will be discussed and the potential roles of Vitamin D3 in the management of POAG patients will be explored within this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Morelli-Batters
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah C Lamont
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- School of Chemical Engineering, Healthcare Technologies Institute, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mirna Elghobashy
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Imran Masood
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa J Hill
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Chen M, Rong R, Xia X. Spotlight on pyroptosis: role in pathogenesis and therapeutic potential of ocular diseases. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:183. [PMID: 35836195 PMCID: PMC9281180 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02547-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a programmed cell death characterized by swift plasma membrane disruption and subsequent release of cellular contents and pro-inflammatory mediators (cytokines), including IL‐1β and IL‐18. It differs from other types of programmed cell death such as apoptosis, autophagy, necroptosis, ferroptosis, and NETosis in terms of its morphology and mechanism. As a recently discovered form of cell death, pyroptosis has been demonstrated to be involved in the progression of multiple diseases. Recent studies have also suggested that pyroptosis is linked to various ocular diseases. In this review, we systematically summarized and discussed recent scientific discoveries of the involvement of pyroptosis in common ocular diseases, including diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, AIDS-related human cytomegalovirus retinitis, glaucoma, dry eye disease, keratitis, uveitis, and cataract. We also organized new and emerging evidence suggesting that pyroptosis signaling pathways may be potential therapeutic targets in ocular diseases, hoping to provide a summary of overall intervention strategies and relevant multi-dimensional evaluations for various ocular diseases, as well as offer valuable ideas for further research and development from the perspective of pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meini Chen
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Rong
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Xia
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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