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Vasconez Martinez MG, Reihs EI, Stuetz HM, Hafner A, Brandauer K, Selinger F, Schuller P, Bastus N, Puntes V, Frank J, Tomischko W, Frauenlob M, Ertl P, Resch C, Bauer G, Povoden G, Rothbauer M. Using Rapid Prototyping to Develop a Cell-Based Platform with Electrical Impedance Sensor Membranes for In Vitro RPMI2650 Nasal Nanotoxicology Monitoring. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:107. [PMID: 38392026 PMCID: PMC10886737 DOI: 10.3390/bios14020107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Due to advances in additive manufacturing and prototyping, affordable and rapid microfluidic sensor-integrated assays can be fabricated using additive manufacturing, xurography and electrode shadow masking to create versatile platform technologies aimed toward qualitative assessment of acute cytotoxic or cytolytic events using stand-alone biochip platforms in the context of environmental risk assessment. In the current study, we established a nasal mucosa biosensing platform using RPMI2650 mucosa cells inside a membrane-integrated impedance-sensing biochip using exclusively rapid prototyping technologies. In a final proof-of-concept, we applied this biosensing platform to create human cell models of nasal mucosa for monitoring the acute cytotoxic effect of zinc oxide reference nanoparticles. Our data generated with the biochip platform successfully monitored the acute toxicity and cytolytic activity of 6 mM zinc oxide nanoparticles, which was non-invasively monitored as a negative impedance slope on nasal epithelial models, demonstrating the feasibility of rapid prototyping technologies such as additive manufacturing and xurography for cell-based platform development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateo Gabriel Vasconez Martinez
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Technische Universitaet Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (M.G.V.M.); (E.I.R.); (K.B.); (P.S.); (M.F.); (P.E.)
| | - Eva I. Reihs
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Technische Universitaet Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (M.G.V.M.); (E.I.R.); (K.B.); (P.S.); (M.F.); (P.E.)
- Karl Chiari Lab for Orthopaedic Biology, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-22, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Helene M. Stuetz
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Technische Universitaet Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (M.G.V.M.); (E.I.R.); (K.B.); (P.S.); (M.F.); (P.E.)
| | - Astrid Hafner
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Technische Universitaet Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (M.G.V.M.); (E.I.R.); (K.B.); (P.S.); (M.F.); (P.E.)
| | - Konstanze Brandauer
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Technische Universitaet Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (M.G.V.M.); (E.I.R.); (K.B.); (P.S.); (M.F.); (P.E.)
| | - Florian Selinger
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Technische Universitaet Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (M.G.V.M.); (E.I.R.); (K.B.); (P.S.); (M.F.); (P.E.)
| | - Patrick Schuller
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Technische Universitaet Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (M.G.V.M.); (E.I.R.); (K.B.); (P.S.); (M.F.); (P.E.)
| | - Neus Bastus
- Catalan Institute of Nanotechnology, UAB Campus, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (N.B.); (V.P.)
| | - Victor Puntes
- Catalan Institute of Nanotechnology, UAB Campus, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (N.B.); (V.P.)
| | - Johannes Frank
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/164, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (J.F.); (W.T.)
| | - Wolfgang Tomischko
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/164, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (J.F.); (W.T.)
| | - Martin Frauenlob
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Technische Universitaet Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (M.G.V.M.); (E.I.R.); (K.B.); (P.S.); (M.F.); (P.E.)
| | - Peter Ertl
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Technische Universitaet Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (M.G.V.M.); (E.I.R.); (K.B.); (P.S.); (M.F.); (P.E.)
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/164, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (J.F.); (W.T.)
| | - Christian Resch
- Science, Research, and Development Division, Austrian Federal Ministry of Defence, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerald Bauer
- Science, Research, and Development Division, Austrian Federal Ministry of Defence, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- CBRN-Defence-Centre, Austrian Armed Forces, 2100 Korneuburg, Austria
| | - Guenter Povoden
- CBRN-Defence-Centre, Austrian Armed Forces, 2100 Korneuburg, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/IV, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Department for Legal Philosophy, Law of Religion and Culture, University Vienna, Freyung 6, 1010 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), IFA Building 1, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 20, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Mario Rothbauer
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Technische Universitaet Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060 Vienna, Austria; (M.G.V.M.); (E.I.R.); (K.B.); (P.S.); (M.F.); (P.E.)
- Karl Chiari Lab for Orthopaedic Biology, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-22, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Yan J, Tang Z, Li Y, Wang H, Hsu JC, Shi M, Fu Z, Ji X, Cai W, Ni D, Qu J. Molybdenum Nanodots for Acute Lung Injury Therapy. ACS NANO 2023; 17:23872-23888. [PMID: 38084420 PMCID: PMC10760930 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Acute respiratory disease syndrome (ARDS) is a common critical disease with high morbidity and mortality rates, yet specific and effective treatments for it are currently lacking. ARDS was especially apparent and rampant during the COVID-19 pandemic. Excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and an uncontrolled inflammatory response play a critical role in the disease progression of ARDS. Herein, we developed molybdenum nanodots (MNDs) as a functional nanomaterial with ultrasmall size, good biocompatibility, and excellent ROS scavenging ability for the treatment of acute lung injury (ALI). MNDs, which were administered intratracheally, significantly ameliorated lung oxidative stress, inflammatory response, protein permeability, and histological severity in ALI mice without inducing any safety issues. Importantly, transcriptomics analysis indicated that MNDs protected lung tissues by inhibiting the activation of the Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)-dependent pyroptotic pathway. This work presents a promising therapeutic agent for patients suffering from ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayang Yan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhongmin Tang
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Yanan Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jessica C Hsu
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Mengmeng Shi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zi Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiuru Ji
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Weibo Cai
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Dalong Ni
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jieming Qu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
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Deng Y, Wang J, Sun L, Wang Y, Chen J, Zhao Z, Wang T, Xiang Y, Wang Y, Chen J, He M. Effects of Ambient O 3 on Respiratory Mortality, Especially the Combined Effects of PM 2.5 and O 3. TOXICS 2023; 11:892. [PMID: 37999544 PMCID: PMC10675328 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11110892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In China, the increasing concentration of ozone (O3) has emerged as a significant air pollution issue, leading to adverse effects on public health, particularly the respiratory system. Despite the progress made in managing air pollution in China, it is crucial to address the problem of environmental O3 pollution at present. METHODS The connection between O3 exposure and respiratory mortality in Shenyang, China, from 2014 to 2018 was analyzed by a time-series generalized additive regression model (GAM) with quasi-Poisson regression. Additionally, the potential combined effects of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and O3 were investigated using the synergy index (SI). RESULTS Our findings indicate that each 10 μg/m3 increase in O3 at lag 2 days was associated with a maximum relative risk (RR) of 1.0150 (95% CI: 1.0098-1.0202) for respiratory mortality in the total population. For individuals aged ≥55 years, unmarried individuals, those engaged in indoor occupations, and those with low educational attainment, each 10 μg/m3 increase in O3 at lag 07 days was linked to RR values of 1.0301 (95% CI: 1.0187-1.0417), 1.0437 (95% CI: 1.0266-1.0610), 1.0317 (95% CI: 1.0186-1.0450), and 1.0346 (95% CI: 1.0222-1.0471), respectively. Importantly, we discovered a synergistic effect of PM2.5 and O3, resulting in an SI of 2.372 on the occurrence of respiratory mortality. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed a positive association between O3 exposure and respiratory mortality. Furthermore, it highlighted the interaction between O3 and PM2.5 in exacerbating respiratory deaths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Deng
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Junlong Wang
- Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang 110005, China
| | - Li Sun
- Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang 110005, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Jiaoyang Chen
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Zhixin Zhao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Tianyun Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yuting Xiang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Jiamei Chen
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Miao He
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
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Pat Y, Ogulur I, Yazici D, Mitamura Y, Cevhertas L, Küçükkase OC, Mesisser SS, Akdis M, Nadeau K, Akdis CA. Effect of altered human exposome on the skin and mucosal epithelial barrier integrity. Tissue Barriers 2023; 11:2133877. [PMID: 36262078 PMCID: PMC10606824 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2022.2133877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pollution in the world and exposure of humans and nature to toxic substances is continuously worsening at a rapid pace. In the last 60 years, human and domestic animal health has been challenged by continuous exposure to toxic substances and pollutants because of uncontrolled growth, modernization, and industrialization. More than 350,000 new chemicals have been introduced to our lives, mostly without any reasonable control of their health effects and toxicity. A plethora of studies show exposure to these harmful substances during this period with their implications on the skin and mucosal epithelial barrier and increasing prevalence of allergic and autoimmune diseases in the context of the "epithelial barrier hypothesis". Exposure to these substances causes an epithelial injury with peri-epithelial inflammation, microbial dysbiosis and bacterial translocation to sub-epithelial areas, and immune response to dysbiotic bacteria. Here, we provide scientific evidence on the altered human exposome and its impact on epithelial barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yagiz Pat
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Aydin Menderes University, Turkey
| | - Ismail Ogulur
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Duygu Yazici
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Yasutaka Mitamura
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Lacin Cevhertas
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Immunology, Institute of Health Sciences, Bursa Uludag University, Turkey
| | - Ozan C Küçükkase
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Sanne S Mesisser
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Mübeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Kari Nadeau
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
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Mazumder MHH, Gandhi J, Majumder N, Wang L, Cumming RI, Stradtman S, Velayutham M, Hathaway QA, Shannahan J, Hu G, Nurkiewicz TR, Tighe RM, Kelley EE, Hussain S. Lung-gut axis of microbiome alterations following co-exposure to ultrafine carbon black and ozone. Part Fibre Toxicol 2023; 20:15. [PMID: 37085867 PMCID: PMC10122302 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-023-00528-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbial dysbiosis is a potential mediator of air pollution-induced adverse outcomes. However, a systemic comparison of the lung and gut microbiome alterations and lung-gut axis following air pollution exposure is scant. In this study, we exposed male C57BL/6J mice to inhaled air, CB (10 mg/m3), O3 (2 ppm) or CB + O3 mixture for 3 h/day for either one day or four consecutive days and were euthanized 24 h post last exposure. The lung and gut microbiome were quantified by 16 s sequencing. RESULTS Multiple CB + O3 exposures induced an increase in the lung inflammatory cells (neutrophils, eosinophils and B lymphocytes), reduced absolute bacterial load in the lungs and increased load in the gut. CB + O3 exposure was more potent as it decreased lung microbiome alpha diversity just after a single exposure. CB + O3 co-exposure uniquely increased Clostridiaceae and Prevotellaceae in the lungs. Serum short chain fatty acids (SCFA) (acetate and propionate) were increased significantly only after CB + O3 co-exposure. A significant increase in SCFA producing bacterial families (Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Eubacterium) were also observed in the gut after multiple exposures. Co-exposure induced significant alterations in the gut derived metabolite receptors/mediator (Gcg, Glp-1r, Cck) mRNA expression. Oxidative stress related mRNA expression in lungs, and oxidant levels in the BALF, serum and gut significantly increased after CB + O3 exposures. CONCLUSION Our study confirms distinct gut and lung microbiome alterations after CB + O3 inhalation co-exposure and indicate a potential homeostatic shift in the gut microbiome to counter deleterious impacts of environmental exposures on metabolic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Habibul Hasan Mazumder
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Jasleen Gandhi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Nairrita Majumder
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Robert Ian Cumming
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 2927, USA
| | - Sydney Stradtman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Murugesan Velayutham
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Quincy A Hathaway
- Heart and Vascular Institute, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Jonathan Shannahan
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Gangqing Hu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Timothy R Nurkiewicz
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Robert M Tighe
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 2927, USA
| | - Eric E Kelley
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Salik Hussain
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
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Monoson A, Schott E, Ard K, Kilburg-Basnyat B, Tighe RM, Pannu S, Gowdy KM. Air pollution and respiratory infections: the past, present, and future. Toxicol Sci 2023; 192:3-14. [PMID: 36622042 PMCID: PMC10025881 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Air pollution levels across the globe continue to rise despite government regulations. The increase in global air pollution levels drives detrimental human health effects, including 7 million premature deaths every year. Many of these deaths are attributable to increased incidence of respiratory infections. Considering the COVID-19 pandemic, an unprecedented public health crisis that has claimed the lives of over 6.5 million people globally, respiratory infections as a driver of human mortality is a pressing concern. Therefore, it is more important than ever to understand the relationship between air pollution and respiratory infections so that public health measures can be implemented to ameliorate further morbidity and mortality. This article aims to review the current epidemiologic and basic science research on interactions between air pollution exposure and respiratory infections. The first section will present epidemiologic studies organized by pathogen, followed by a review of basic science research investigating the mechanisms of infection, and then conclude with a discussion of areas that require future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexys Monoson
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Evangeline Schott
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Kerry Ard
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Brita Kilburg-Basnyat
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27834, USA
| | - Robert M Tighe
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
| | - Sonal Pannu
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Kymberly M Gowdy
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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7
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The Cultivation Modality and Barrier Maturity Modulate the Toxicity of Industrial Zinc Oxide and Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Nasal, Buccal, Bronchial, and Alveolar Mucosa Cell-Derived Barrier Models. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065634. [PMID: 36982705 PMCID: PMC10056597 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
As common industrial by-products, airborne engineered nanomaterials are considered important environmental toxins to monitor due to their potential health risks to humans and animals. The main uptake routes of airborne nanoparticles are nasal and/or oral inhalation, which are known to enable the transfer of nanomaterials into the bloodstream resulting in the rapid distribution throughout the human body. Consequently, mucosal barriers present in the nose, buccal, and lung have been identified and intensively studied as the key tissue barrier to nanoparticle translocation. Despite decades of research, surprisingly little is known about the differences among various mucosa tissue types to tolerate nanoparticle exposures. One limitation in comparing nanotoxicological data sets can be linked to a lack of harmonization and standardization of cell-based assays, where (a) different cultivation conditions such as an air-liquid interface or submerged cultures, (b) varying barrier maturity, and (c) diverse media substitutes have been used. The current comparative nanotoxicological study, therefore, aims at analyzing the toxic effects of nanomaterials on four human mucosa barrier models including nasal (RPMI2650), buccal (TR146), alveolar (A549), and bronchial (Calu-3) mucosal cell lines to better understand the modulating effects of tissue maturity, cultivation conditions, and tissue type using standard transwell cultivations at liquid-liquid and air-liquid interfaces. Overall, cell size, confluency, tight junction localization, and cell viability as well as barrier formation using 50% and 100% confluency was monitored using trans-epithelial-electrical resistance (TEER) measurements and resazurin-based Presto Blue assays of immature (e.g., 5 days) and mature (e.g., 22 days) cultures in the presence and absence of corticosteroids such as hydrocortisone. Results of our study show that cellular viability in response to increasing nanoparticle exposure scenarios is highly compound and cell-type specific (TR146 6 ± 0.7% at 2 mM ZnO (ZnO) vs. ~90% at 2 mM TiO2 (TiO2) for 24 h; Calu3 93.9 ± 4.21% at 2 mM ZnO vs. ~100% at 2 mM TiO2). Nanoparticle-induced cytotoxic effects under air-liquid cultivation conditions declined in RPMI2650, A549, TR146, and Calu-3 cells (~0.7 to ~0.2-fold), with increasing 50 to 100% barrier maturity under the influence of ZnO (2 mM). Cell viability in early and late mucosa barriers where hardly influenced by TiO2 as well as most cell types did not fall below 77% viability when added to Individual ALI cultures. Fully maturated bronchial mucosal cell barrier models cultivated under ALI conditions showed less tolerance to acute ZnO nanoparticle exposures (~50% remaining viability at 2 mM ZnO for 24 h) than the similarly treated but more robust nasal (~74%), buccal (~73%), and alveolar (~82%) cell-based models.
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8
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Majumder N, Kodali V, Velayutham M, Goldsmith T, Amedro J, Khramtsov VV, Erdely A, Nurkiewicz TR, Harkema JR, Kelley EE, Hussain S. Aerosol physicochemical determinants of carbon black and ozone inhalation co-exposure induced pulmonary toxicity. Toxicol Sci 2023; 191:61-78. [PMID: 36303316 PMCID: PMC9887725 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Air pollution accounts for more than 7 million premature deaths worldwide. Using ultrafine carbon black (CB) and ozone (O3) as a model for an environmental co-exposure scenario, the dose response relationships in acute pulmonary injury and inflammation were determined by generating, characterizing, and comparing stable concentrations of CB aerosols (2.5, 5.0, 10.0 mg/m3), O3 (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 ppm) with mixture CB + O3 (2.5 + 0.5, 5.0 + 1.0, 10.0 + 2.0). C57BL6 male mice were exposed for 3 h by whole body inhalation and acute toxicity determined after 24 h. CB itself did not cause any alteration, however, a dose response in pulmonary injury/inflammation was observed with O3 and CB + O3. This increase in response with mixtures was not dependent on the uptake but was due to enhanced reactivity of the particles. Benchmark dose modeling showed several-fold increase in potency with CB + O3 compared with CB or O3 alone. Principal component analysis provided insight into response relationships between various doses and treatments. There was a significant correlation in lung responses with charge-based size distribution, total/alveolar deposition, oxidant generation, and antioxidant depletion potential. Lung tissue gene/protein response demonstrated distinct patterns that are better predicted by either particle dose/aerosol responses (interleukin-1β, keratinocyte chemoattractant, transforming growth factor beta) or particle reactivity (thymic stromal lymphopoietin, interleukin-13, interleukin-6). Hierarchical clustering showed a distinct signature with high dose and a similarity in mRNA expression pattern of low and medium doses of CB + O3. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the biological outcomes from CB + O3 co-exposure are significantly greater than individual exposures over a range of aerosol concentrations and aerosol characteristics can predict biological outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nairrita Majumder
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - Vamsi Kodali
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26508, USA
| | - Murugesan Velayutham
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - Travis Goldsmith
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - Jessica Amedro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - Valery V Khramtsov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - Aaron Erdely
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26508, USA
| | - Timothy R Nurkiewicz
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26508, USA
| | - Jack R Harkema
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Eric E Kelley
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26508, USA
| | - Salik Hussain
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26508, USA
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9
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Majumder N, Deepak V, Hadique S, Aesoph D, Velayutham M, Ye Q, Mazumder MHH, Lewis SE, Kodali V, Roohollahi A, Guo NL, Hu G, Khramtsov VV, Johnson RJ, Wen S, Kelley EE, Hussain S. Redox imbalance in COVID-19 pathophysiology. Redox Biol 2022; 56:102465. [PMID: 36116160 PMCID: PMC9464257 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The pathophysiologic significance of redox imbalance is unquestionable as numerous reports and topic reviews indicate alterations in redox parameters during corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, a more comprehensive understanding of redox-related parameters in the context of COVID-19-mediated inflammation and pathophysiology is required. Methods COVID-19 subjects (n = 64) and control subjects (n = 19) were enrolled, and blood was drawn within 72 h of diagnosis. Serum multiplex assays and peripheral blood mRNA sequencing was performed. Oxidant/free radical (electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, nitrite-nitrate assay) and antioxidant (ferrous reducing ability of serum assay and high-performance liquid chromatography) were performed. Multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate potential of indicated parameters to predict clinical outcome. Results Significantly greater levels of multiple inflammatory and vascular markers were quantified in the subjects admitted to the ICU compared to non-ICU subjects. Gene set enrichment analyses indicated significant enhancement of oxidant related pathways and biochemical assays confirmed a significant increase in free radical production and uric acid reduction in COVID-19 subjects. Multivariate analyses confirmed a positive association between serum levels of VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and a negative association between the abundance of one electron oxidants (detected by ascorbate radical formation) and mortality in COVID subjects while IL-17c and TSLP levels predicted need for intensive care in COVID-19 subjects. Conclusion Herein we demonstrate a significant redox imbalance during COVID-19 infection affirming the potential for manipulation of oxidative stress pathways as a new therapeutic strategy COVID-19. However, further work is requisite for detailed identification of oxidants (O2•-, H2O2 and/or circulating transition metals such as Fe or Cu) contributing to this imbalance to avoid the repetition of failures using non-specific antioxidant supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nairrita Majumder
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Vishal Deepak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Sarah Hadique
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Drake Aesoph
- WVU Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA; Lane Department of Computer Science & Electrical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Murugesan Velayutham
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Qing Ye
- WVU Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA; Lane Department of Computer Science & Electrical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Md Habibul Hasan Mazumder
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Sara E Lewis
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Vamsi Kodali
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Anthony Roohollahi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Nancy Lan Guo
- WVU Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Gangqing Hu
- WVU Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Valery V Khramtsov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Richard J Johnson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sijin Wen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Eric E Kelley
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Salik Hussain
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.
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10
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Trembley JH, So SW, Nixon JP, Bowdridge EC, Garner KL, Griffith J, Engles KJ, Batchelor TP, Goldsmith WT, Tomáška JM, Hussain S, Nurkiewicz TR, Butterick TA. Whole-body inhalation of nano-sized carbon black: a surrogate model of military burn pit exposure. BMC Res Notes 2022; 15:275. [PMID: 35953874 PMCID: PMC9373276 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-022-06165-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic multisymptom illness (CMI) is an idiopathic disease affecting thousands of U.S. Veterans exposed to open-air burn pits emitting aerosolized particulate matter (PM) while serving in Central and Southwest Asia and Africa. Exposure to burn pit PM can result in profound biologic consequences including chronic fatigue, impaired cognition, and respiratory diseases. Dysregulated or unresolved inflammation is a possible underlying mechanism for CMI onset. We describe a rat model of whole-body inhalation exposure using carbon black nanoparticles (CB) as a surrogate for military burn pit-related exposure. Using this model, we measured biomarkers of inflammation in multiple tissues. RESULTS Male Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to CB aerosols by whole body inhalation (6 ± 0.83 mg/m3). Proinflammatory biomarkers were measured in multiple tissues including arteries, brain, lung, and plasma. Biomarkers of cardiovascular injury were also assayed in plasma. CB inhalation exposure increased CMI-related proinflammatory biomarkers such as IFN-γ and TNFα in multiple tissue samples. CB exposure also induced cardiovascular injury markers (adiponectin, MCP1, sE-Selectin, sICam-1 and TIMP1) in plasma. These findings support the validity of our animal exposure model for studies of burn pit-induced CMI. Future studies will model more complex toxicant mixtures as documented at multiple burn pit sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janeen H Trembley
- Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Simon W So
- Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Joshua P Nixon
- Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Burn Pits 360 Veterans Organization, Robstown, TX, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Bowdridge
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Krista L Garner
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Julie Griffith
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Kevin J Engles
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Thomas P Batchelor
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - William T Goldsmith
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | | | - Salik Hussain
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Timothy R Nurkiewicz
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Tammy A Butterick
- Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Center for Veterans Research and Education, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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11
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Hathaway QA, Majumder N, Goldsmith WT, Kunovac A, Pinti MV, Harkema JR, Castranova V, Hollander JM, Hussain S. Transcriptomics of single dose and repeated carbon black and ozone inhalation co-exposure highlight progressive pulmonary mitochondrial dysfunction. Part Fibre Toxicol 2021; 18:44. [PMID: 34911549 PMCID: PMC8672524 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-021-00437-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution is a complex mixture of particles and gases, yet current regulations are based on single toxicant levels failing to consider potential interactive outcomes of co-exposures. We examined transcriptomic changes after inhalation co-exposure to a particulate and a gaseous component of air pollution and hypothesized that co-exposure would induce significantly greater impairments to mitochondrial bioenergetics. A whole-body inhalation exposure to ultrafine carbon black (CB), and ozone (O3) was performed, and the impact of single and multiple exposures was studied at relevant deposition levels. C57BL/6 mice were exposed to CB (10 mg/m3) and/or O3 (2 ppm) for 3 h (either a single exposure or four independent exposures). RNA was isolated from lungs and mRNA sequencing performed using the Illumina HiSeq. Lung pathology was evaluated by histology and immunohistochemistry. Electron transport chain (ETC) activities, electron flow, hydrogen peroxide production, and ATP content were assessed. RESULTS Compared to individual exposure groups, co-exposure induced significantly greater neutrophils and protein levels in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid as well as a significant increase in mRNA expression of oxidative stress and inflammation related genes. Similarly, a significant increase in hydrogen peroxide production was observed after co-exposure. After single and four exposures, co-exposure revealed a greater number of differentially expressed genes (2251 and 4072, respectively). Of these genes, 1188 (single exposure) and 2061 (four exposures) were uniquely differentially expressed, with 35 mitochondrial ETC mRNA transcripts significantly impacted after four exposures. Both O3 and co-exposure treatment significantly reduced ETC maximal activity for complexes I (- 39.3% and - 36.2%, respectively) and IV (- 55.1% and - 57.1%, respectively). Only co-exposure reduced ATP Synthase activity (- 35.7%) and total ATP content (30%). Further, the ability for ATP Synthase to function is limited by reduced electron flow (- 25%) and translation of subunits, such as ATP5F1, following co-exposure. CONCLUSIONS CB and O3 co-exposure cause unique transcriptomic changes in the lungs that are characterized by functional deficits to mitochondrial bioenergetics. Alterations to ATP Synthase function and mitochondrial electron flow underly a pathological adaptation to lung injury induced by co-exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quincy A Hathaway
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Mitochondria, Metabolism and Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Nairrita Majumder
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, 64 Medical Center Drive, PO Box 9229, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9229, USA
| | - William T Goldsmith
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, 64 Medical Center Drive, PO Box 9229, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9229, USA
| | - Amina Kunovac
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Mitochondria, Metabolism and Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Mark V Pinti
- Mitochondria, Metabolism and Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- West Virginia University School of Pharmacy, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Jack R Harkema
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Vince Castranova
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - John M Hollander
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Mitochondria, Metabolism and Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Salik Hussain
- Mitochondria, Metabolism and Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, 64 Medical Center Drive, PO Box 9229, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9229, USA.
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12
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Majumder N, Velayutham M, Bitounis D, Kodali VK, Hasan Mazumder MH, Amedro J, Khramtsov VV, Erdely A, Nurkiewicz T, Demokritou P, Kelley EE, Hussain S. Oxidized carbon black nanoparticles induce endothelial damage through C-X-C chemokine receptor 3-mediated pathway. Redox Biol 2021; 47:102161. [PMID: 34624601 PMCID: PMC8502956 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidation of engineered nanomaterials during application in various industrial sectors can alter their toxicity. Oxidized nanomaterials also have widespread industrial and biomedical applications. In this study, we evaluated the cardiopulmonary hazard posed by these nanomaterials using oxidized carbon black (CB) nanoparticles (CBox) as a model particle. Particle surface chemistry was characterized by X-ray photo electron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Colloidal characterization and in vitro dosimetry modeling (particle kinetics, fate and transport modeling) were performed. Lung inflammation was assessed following oropharyngeal aspiration of CB or oxidized CBox particles (20 μg per mouse) in C57BL/6J mice. Toxicity and functional assays were also performed on murine macrophage (RAW 264.7) and endothelial cell lines (C166) with and without pharmacological inhibitors. Oxidant generation was assessed by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR) and via flow cytometry. Endothelial toxicity was evaluated by quantifying pro-inflammatory mRNA expression, monolayer permeability, and wound closure. XPS and FTIR spectra indicated surface modifications, the appearance of new functionalities, and greater oxidative potential (both acellular and in vitro) of CBox particles. Treatment with CBox demonstrated greater in vivo inflammatory potentials (lavage neutrophil counts, secreted cytokine, and lung tissue mRNA expression) and air-blood barrier disruption (lavage proteins). Oxidant-dependent pro-inflammatory signaling in macrophages led to the production of CXCR3 ligands (CXCL9,10,11). Conditioned medium from CBox-treated macrophages induced significant elevation in endothelial cell pro-inflammatory mRNA expression, enhanced monolayer permeability and impairment of scratch healing in CXCR3 dependent manner. In summary, this study mechanistically demonstrated an increased biological potency of CBox particles and established the role of macrophage-released chemical mediators in endothelial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nairrita Majumder
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA; Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA
| | - Murugesan Velayutham
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA; Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA
| | - Dimitrios Bitounis
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vamsi K Kodali
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA; Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Md Habibul Hasan Mazumder
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA; Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA
| | - Jessica Amedro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA; Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA
| | - Valery V Khramtsov
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA
| | - Aaron Erdely
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA; Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Timothy Nurkiewicz
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA; Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric E Kelley
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA; Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA
| | - Salik Hussain
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA; Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA.
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