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Caruso G, Di Pietro L, Cardaci V, Maugeri S, Caraci F. The therapeutic potential of carnosine: Focus on cellular and molecular mechanisms. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2023.100153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
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Carnosine alleviates podocyte injury in diabetic nephropathy by targeting caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108236. [PMID: 34653727 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a main complication of diabetes and often develops into end-stage nephropathy. Histologically, DN progresses as the gradual loss of podocytes with the loss of glomerular podocytes being the earliest sign of DN. Pyroptosis is a new type of programmed cell death and has been mechanistically correlated with podocyte injury in DN. The current study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of carnosine on glomerular podocytes in DN, both in vivo and in vitro. Using high glucose-treated cultured MPC5 cells and a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mouse model, we evaluated the effects of carnosine on alleviating podocyte injury in DN. We found that carnosine significantly reversed albuminuria and histopathological lesions and alleviated renal inflammatory and pyroptosis responses in STZ-induced diabetic mice for 12 weeks. The results also showed that carnosine strongly inhibited podocyte inflammation and podocyte pyroptosis in vitro. Cellular Thermal Shift Assay (CETSA) and molecular docking results revealed that mechnaistically caspase-1 was the target of carnosine. We then found that silencing caspase-1 eliminated the protective effect of carnosine. Interestingly, we also found that caspase-1 and gasdermin D expression were increased in renal biopsy tissue of patients with DN. Our study is the first to demonstrate the novel role of carnosine in alleviating podocyte injury by inhibiting pyroptosis via the targeting of caspase-1. Carnosine may have potential as a therapeutic agent in treating DN by targeting caspase-1.
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Palin MF, Lapointe J, Gariépy C, Beaudry D, Kalbe C. Characterisation of intracellular molecular mechanisms modulated by carnosine in porcine myoblasts under basal and oxidative stress conditions. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239496. [PMID: 32946513 PMCID: PMC7500635 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Carnosine is a naturally occurring histidine-containing dipeptide present at high concentration in mammalian skeletal muscles. Carnosine was shown to affect muscle contraction, prevent the accumulation of oxidative metabolism by-products and act as an intracellular proton buffer maintaining the muscle acid-base balance. The present study was undertaken to gain additional knowledge about the intracellular mechanisms activated by carnosine in porcine myoblast cells under basal and oxidative stress conditions. Satellite cells were isolated from the skeletal muscles of 3 to 4 day-old piglets to study the effect of 0, 10, 25 and 50 mM carnosine pre-treatments in cells that were exposed (0.3 mM H2O2) or not to an H2O2-induced oxidative stress. Study results demonstrated that carnosine acts differently in myoblasts under oxidative stress and in basal conditions, the only exception being with the reduction of reactive oxygen species and protein carbonyls observed in both experimental conditions with carnosine pre-treatment. In oxidative stress conditions, carnosine pre-treatment increased the mRNA abundance of the nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 (NEF2L2) transcription factor and several of its downstream genes known to reduce H2O2. Carnosine prevented the H2O2-mediated activation of p38 MAPK in oxidative stress conditions, whereas it triggered the activation of mTOR under basal conditions. Current results support the protective effect of carnosine against oxidative damage in porcine myoblast cells, an effect that would be mediated through the p38 MAPK intracellular signaling pathway. The activation of the mTOR signaling pathway under basal condition also suggest a role for carnosine in myoblasts proliferation, growth and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-France Palin
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Jérôme Lapointe
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Claude Gariépy
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Hyacinthe Research and Development Centre, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Danièle Beaudry
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Claudia Kalbe
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth, Dummerstorf, Germany
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Kilis-Pstrusinska K. Carnosine and Kidney Diseases: What We Currently Know? Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:1764-1781. [PMID: 31362685 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190730130024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) is an endogenously synthesised dipeptide which is present in different human tissues e.g. in the kidney. Carnosine is degraded by enzyme serum carnosinase, encoding by CNDP1 gene. Carnosine is engaged in different metabolic pathways in the kidney. It reduces the level of proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokines, inhibits advanced glycation end products' formation, moreover, it also decreases the mesangial cell proliferation. Carnosine may also serve as a scavenger of peroxyl and hydroxyl radicals and a natural angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. This review summarizes the results of experimental and human studies concerning the role of carnosine in kidney diseases, particularly in chronic kidney disease, ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute renal failure, diabetic nephropathy and also drug-induced nephrotoxicity. The interplay between serum carnosine concentration and serum carnosinase activity and polymorphism in the CNDP1 gene is discussed. Carnosine has renoprotective properties. It has a promising potential for the treatment and prevention of different kidney diseases, particularly chronic kidney disease which is a global public health issue. Further studies of the role of carnosine in the kidney may offer innovative and effective strategies for the management of kidney diseases.
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Menini S, Iacobini C, Fantauzzi CB, Pugliese G. L-carnosine and its Derivatives as New Therapeutic Agents for the Prevention and Treatment of Vascular Complications of Diabetes. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:1744-1763. [PMID: 31296153 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190711102718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Vascular complications are among the most serious manifestations of diabetes. Atherosclerosis is the main cause of reduced life quality and expectancy in diabetics, whereas diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy are the most common causes of end-stage renal disease and blindness. An effective therapeutic approach to prevent vascular complications should counteract the mechanisms of injury. Among them, the toxic effects of Advanced Glycation (AGEs) and Lipoxidation (ALEs) end-products are well-recognized contributors to these sequelae. L-carnosine (β-alanyl-Lhistidine) acts as a quencher of the AGE/ALE precursors Reactive Carbonyl Species (RCS), which are highly reactive aldehydes derived from oxidative and non-oxidative modifications of sugars and lipids. Consistently, L-carnosine was found to be effective in several disease models in which glyco/lipoxidation plays a central pathogenic role. Unfortunately, in humans, L-carnosine is rapidly inactivated by serum carnosinase. Therefore, the search for carnosinase-resistant derivatives of Lcarnosine represents a suitable strategy against carbonyl stress-dependent disorders, particularly diabetic vascular complications. In this review, we present and discuss available data on the efficacy of L-carnosine and its derivatives in preventing vascular complications in rodent models of diabetes and metabolic syndrome. We also discuss genetic findings providing evidence for the involvement of the carnosinase/L-carnosine system in the risk of developing diabetic nephropathy and for preferring the use of carnosinase-resistant compounds in human disease. The availability of therapeutic strategies capable to prevent both long-term glucose toxicity, resulting from insufficient glucoselowering therapy, and lipotoxicity may help reduce the clinical and economic burden of vascular complications of diabetes and related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Menini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, "La Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Iacobini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, "La Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Pugliese
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, "La Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
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Peters V, Yard B, Schmitt CP. Carnosine and Diabetic Nephropathy. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:1801-1812. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190326111851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is a major complication in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes
and represents the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Novel therapeutic approaches are
warranted. In view of a polymorphism in the carnosinase 1 gene CNDP1, resulting in reduced
carnosine degradation activity and a significant DN risk reduction, carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine)
has gained attention as a potential therapeutic target. Carnosine has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant,
anti-glycation and reactive carbonyl quenching properties. In diabetic rodents, carnosine supplementation
consistently improved renal histology and function and in most studies, also glucose metabolism.
Even though plasma half-life of carnosine in humans is short, first intervention studies in (pre-)
diabetic patients yielded promising results. The precise molecular mechanisms of carnosine mediated
protective action, however, are still incompletely understood. This review highlights the recent
knowledge on the role of the carnosine metabolism in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Peters
- Centre for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Benito Yard
- Vth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claus Peter Schmitt
- Centre for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Dexamethasone-Induced Perturbations in Tissue Metabolomics Revealed by Chemical Isotope Labeling LC-MS analysis. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10020042. [PMID: 31973046 PMCID: PMC7074358 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10020042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dexamethasone (Dex) is a synthetic glucocorticoid (GC) drug commonly used clinically for the treatment of several inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases. Despite its broad range of indications, the long-term use of Dex is known to be associated with specific abnormalities in several tissues and organs. In this study, the metabolomic effects on five different organs induced by the chronic administration of Dex in the Sprague–Dawley rat model were investigated using the chemical isotope labeling liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (CIL LC-MS) platform, which targets the amine/phenol submetabolomes. Compared to controls, a prolonged intake of Dex resulted in significant perturbations in the levels of 492, 442, 300, 186, and 105 metabolites in the brain, skeletal muscle, liver, kidney, and heart tissues, respectively. The positively identified metabolites were mapped to diverse molecular pathways in different organs. In the brain, perturbations in protein biosynthesis, amino acid metabolism, and monoamine neurotransmitter synthesis were identified, while in the heart, pyrimidine metabolism and branched amino acid biosynthesis were the most significantly impaired pathways. In the kidney, several amino acid pathways were dysregulated, which reflected impairments in several biological functions, including gluconeogenesis and ureagenesis. Beta-alanine metabolism and uridine homeostasis were profoundly affected in liver tissues, whereas alterations of glutathione, arginine, glutamine, and nitrogen metabolism pointed to the modulation of muscle metabolism and disturbances in energy production and muscle mass in skeletal muscle. The differential expression of multiple dipeptides was most significant in the liver (down-regulated), brain (up-regulation), and kidney tissues, but not in the heart or skeletal muscle tissues. The identification of clinically relevant pathways provides holistic insights into the tissue molecular responses induced by Dex and understanding of the underlying mechanisms associated with their side effects. Our data suggest a potential role for glutathione supplementation and dipeptide modulators as novel therapeutic interventions to mitigate the side effects induced by Dex therapy.
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Hwang B, Shin SS, Song JH, Choi YH, Kim WJ, Moon SK. Carnosine exerts antitumor activity against bladder cancers in vitro and in vivo via suppression of angiogenesis. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 74:108230. [PMID: 31683101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Carnosine, a naturally occurring dipeptide, was recently reported to exhibit anticancer activity; however, the molecular mechanisms and regulators underlying its activity against tumor-associated angiogenesis remain unidentified. In this study, we evaluated the in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of carnosine in EJ bladder cancer cells and EJ-xenografted BALB/c nude mice, respectively. In addition, in vitro capillary tube formation of HUVECs, ex vivo aortic ring and in vivo Matrigel plug assays were employed to examine the antiangiogenic potential of carnosine. Carnosine significantly inhibited EJ cell proliferation. Flow cytometric and immunoblot analyses indicated that carnosine modulated regulators of the G1 cell cycle phase, including cyclin D1, CDK4 and p21WAF1. The mitogen-activated protein kinases, ERK and p38, but not JNK or AKT, responded to carnosine. Carnosine inhibited the migratory and invasive potential of EJ cells by inhibiting MMP-9 activity, which was associated with suppression of binding activity of NF-κB, SP-1 and AP-1. In xenograft tumors, carnosine exhibited antitumor activity equivalent to cisplatin, but no weight loss occurred in carnosine-treated mice. In HUVECs, carnosine inhibited VEGF-mediated proliferation, colony tube formation, migration and invasion. The antiangiogenic activity of carnosine was partially due to the suppression of VEGFR-2-mediated ERK/AKT/eNOS signaling and MMP-2. Furthermore, using aortic ring and Matrigel plug assays, we confirmed the antiangiogenic activity of carnosine. Given that targeting tumor-associated angiogenesis is a proven effective therapeutic strategy, our results may provide valuable information for the development of preventive or therapeutic agents for bladder cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byungdoo Hwang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, South Korea
| | - Seung-Shick Shin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, South Korea
| | - Jun-Hui Song
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, South Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongeui University, Busan 47340, South Korea
| | - Wun-Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, South Korea
| | - Sung-Kwon Moon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, South Korea.
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Carnosine Protects Mouse Podocytes from High Glucose Induced Apoptosis through PI3K/AKT and Nrf2 Pathways. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:4348973. [PMID: 31275971 PMCID: PMC6558648 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4348973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is the complication of diabetes mellitus that can lead to chronic renal failure. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production plays an important role in its pathological process. Previous studies showed that carnosine may reduce diabetic nephropathy by antioxidant effect. However, the molecular mechanism of its antioxidant was not fully understood. In the current study, we developed high glucose containing different concentrations of carnosine to reduce ROS levels and podocytes apoptosis, and Cell Counting Kit-8 test was used to observe the cell viability. Carnosine (5-20mM) was found to protect mouse podocytes (MPC5) cells from HG-induced injury. Quantitative real-time PCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining revealed that high glucose induced ROS levels and podocytes apoptosis were downregulated by PI3K/AKT and Nrf2 signaling pathways. The current findings suggest that carnosine may reduce ROS levels and MPC5 cells apoptosis by PI3K/AKT and Nrf2 signaling pathways activation.
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Guo C, Dong Y, Zhu H, Liu Y, Xie G. Ameliorative effects of protodioscin on experimental diabetic nephropathy. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 51:77-83. [PMID: 30466631 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most common and serious complications of diabetes mellitus. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE The present study aimed to investigate the effects of protodioscin on renal damage in high-fat diet-fed and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. METHODS After 4 weeks of feeding a high-fat diet, male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected 35 mg/kg streptozotocin intraperitoneally. The diabetic rats were divided into 4 groups, and treated orally with carboxymethylcellulose sodium, metformin, or protodioscin (20 or 40 mg/kg). After 12 weeks of treatment, blood, urine, and renal tissue were collected for biochemical and histological examination. RESULTS Protodioscin significantly reduced the levels of blood glucose, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen, and also the excretion of urinary protein and albumin in diabetic rats. Histological examinations showed that protodioscin ameliorated the diabetes-induced glomerular and tubular pathological changes. Furthermore, protodioscin significantly reduced the renal concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides, free fatty acids, phospholipids, and TNF-α. CONCLUSION These results indicate that protodioscin has ameliorative effects on diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changrun Guo
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yaping Dong
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hengqing Zhu
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuxi Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Guoyong Xie
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Chen F, Zhu X, Sun Z, Ma Y. Astilbin Inhibits High Glucose-Induced Inflammation and Extracellular Matrix Accumulation by Suppressing the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB Pathway in Rat Glomerular Mesangial Cells. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1187. [PMID: 30459606 PMCID: PMC6232904 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is characterized by inflammatory responses and extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation. Astilbin is an active natural compound and possesses anti-inflammatory activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of astilbin on high glucose (HG)-induced glomerular mesangial cells and the potential mechanisms. The results showed that HG induced cell proliferation of HBZY-1 cells in a time-dependent manner, and astilbin inhibited HG-induced cell proliferation. The expression and secretion of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and ECM components, including collagen IV (Col IV) and fibronectin (FN), were induced by HG. Moreover, TGF-β1 and CTGF were also induced by HG. The induction by HG on inflammatory response and ECM accumulation was inhibited after astilbin treatment. Astilbin treatment also attenuated HG-induced decrease in expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9. The TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway was activated by HG, and the inhibitor of TLR4 exhibited the same effect to astilbin on reversing the induction of HG. TLR4 overexpression attenuated the effect of astilbin on HG-induced inflammatory cytokine production and ECM accumulation. The results suggested that astilbin attenuated inflammation and ECM accumulation in HG-induced rat glomerular mesangial cells via inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. This work provided evidence that astilbin can be considered as a potential candidate for DN therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zhiqiang Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yali Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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Chen F, Ma Y, Sun Z, Zhu X. Tangeretin inhibits high glucose-induced extracellular matrix accumulation in human glomerular mesangial cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 102:1077-1083. [PMID: 29710524 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tangeretin (5, 6, 7, 8, 4'-pentamethoxyflavone), a natural compound extracted from citrus plants, has been shown to possess a variety of pharmacological activities, including anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, cytostatic and anti-diabetic properties. However, the role of tangeretin in diabetic nephropathy (DN) has not yet been investigated. This study was undertaken to elucidate the effects of tangeretin on high glucose (HG)-induced oxidative stress and extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation in human glomerular mesangial cells (MCs) and explore the underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that tangeretin significantly inhibited HG-induced the proliferation of MCs. In addition, tangeretin dramatically reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdhyde (MDA), and induced SOD activity, as well as inhibited the expression of fibronectin (FN) and collagen IV in HG-stimulated MCs. Furthermore, tangeretin efficiently prevented the activation of ERK signaling pathway in HG-stimulated MCs. Taken together, these data indicated that tangeretin inhibits HG-induced cell proliferation, oxidative stress and ECM expression in glomerular MCs, at least in part, through the inactivation of ERK signaling pathway. Therefore, tangeretin may be a potential agent in the treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan, PR China
| | - Yali Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan, PR China.
| | - Zhiqiang Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan, PR China
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Ma Y, Chen F, Yang S, Chen B, Shi J. Protocatechuic acid ameliorates high glucose-induced extracellular matrix accumulation in diabetic nephropathy. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 98:18-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Wang X, Li D, Fan L, Xiao Q, Zuo H, Li Z. CAPE- pNO 2 ameliorated diabetic nephropathy through regulating the Akt/NF-κB/ iNOS pathway in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Oncotarget 2017; 8:114506-114525. [PMID: 29383098 PMCID: PMC5777710 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most severe complications of diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to determine the effects and potential mechanism of caffeic acid para-nitro phenethyl ester (CAPE-pNO2), a derivative of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), on DN; In vivo, intraperitoneal injections of streptozotocin (STZ) were used to induce diabetes in mice; then, the mice were intraperitoneally injected daily with CAPE or CAPE-pNO2 for 8 weeks. The mice were sacrificed, and blood samples and kidney tissues were collected to measure biological indexes. The results showed that CAPE and CAPE-pNO2 could lower serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, 24-h albumin excretion, malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase levels and increase superoxide dismutase activity in diabetic mice. According to HE, PAS and Masson staining, these two compounds ameliorated structural changes and fibrosis in the kidneys. In addition, the immunohistochemical and western blot results showed that CAPE and CAPE-pNO2 inhibited inflammation through the Akt/NF-κB pathway and prevented renal fibrosis through the TGF-β/Smad pathway. In vitro, CAPE and CAPE-pNO2 inhibited glomerular mesangial cell (GMC) proliferation, arrested cell cycle progression and suppressed ROS generation. These compounds also inhibited ECM accumulation via regulating the TGF-β1, which was a similar effect to that of the NF-κB inhibitor PDTC. More importantly, CAPE and CAPE-pNO2 could up-regulate nitric oxide synthase expression in STZ-induced diabetic mice and HG-induced GMCs. CAPE-pNO2 had stronger effects than CAPE both in vivo and in vitro. These data suggest that CAPE-pNO2 ameliorated DN by suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis via the Akt/NF-κB/ iNOS pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Dejuan Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Lu Fan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Qianhan Xiao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Hua Zuo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Zhubo Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
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Wang YQ, Fan CC, Chen BP, Shi J. Resistin-Like Molecule Beta (RELM-β) Regulates Proliferation of Human Diabetic Nephropathy Mesangial Cells via Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPK) Signaling Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:3897-3903. [PMID: 28801998 PMCID: PMC5565234 DOI: 10.12659/msm.905381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistin-like molecule beta (RELM-β) has been reported to be associated with diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the role of RELM-β in DN is poorly understood. This study was conducted to delineate the underlying mechanisms of action and to investigate the role of RELM-β in the primitive development of DN via MAPK signaling pathways. MATERIAL AND METHODS Lentivirus-mediated vectors and RNAi technology were used to establish the model of RELM-β up-regulated and down-regulated expression in human mesangial cells (HMCs). The proliferation of HMCs was detected through CCK-8 method. The cell cycle and cell proliferation of HMCs was detected through flow cytometry. The MAPKs pathway protein activity was detected through Western blotting. RESULTS The HMCs with up-regulated and down-regulated expression of RELM-β increased or decreased significantly at 2-3 days. The HMCs with high glucose intervention reversed the proliferation inhibition. The HMCs with exogenous glucose or RELM-β protein intervention partially reversed the cell cycle inhibition. Among the MAPKs pathway, the phosphorylation activity of p38MAPK and JNK increased or decreased and ERK1/2 did not change in the overexpression or inhibition of RELM-β. The p38 MAPK pathway inhibitor SB202190 significantly inhibited the proliferation of HMCs caused by overexpression of RELM-β. Up-regulated expression of RELM-b induced the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, JNK in HMCs and promoted HMCs proliferation and participated in early DN through the MAPKs pathway. CONCLUSIONS The results provide evidence that RELM-b is a potential molecular target for the treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Qian Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Henan University Huaihe Hospital, Kaifeng, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Cong-Cong Fan
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan University Huaihe Hospital, Kaifeng, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Bao-Ping Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Henan University Huaihe Hospital, Kaifeng, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Jun Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Henan University Huaihe Hospital, Kaifeng, Henan, P.R. China
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16
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Deng J, Zhong YF, Wu YP, Luo Z, Sun YM, Wang GE, Kurihara H, Li YF, He RR. Carnosine attenuates cyclophosphamide-induced bone marrow suppression by reducing oxidative DNA damage. Redox Biol 2017; 14:1-6. [PMID: 28826042 PMCID: PMC5565745 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative DNA damage in bone marrow cells is the main side effect of chemotherapy drugs including cyclophosphamide (CTX). However, not all antioxidants are effective in inhibiting oxidative DNA damage. In this study, we report the beneficial effect of carnosine (β-alanyl-l-histidine), a special antioxidant with acrolein-sequestering ability, on CTX-induced bone marrow cell suppression. Our results show that carnosine treatment (100 and 200 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly inhibited the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG), and decreased chromosomal abnormalities in the bone marrow cells of mice treated with CTX (20 mg/kg, i.v., 24 h). Furthermore, carnosine evidently mitigated CTX-induced G2/M arrest in murine bone marrow cells, accompanied by reduced ratios of p-Chk1/Chk1 and p-p53/p53 as well as decreased p21 expression. In addition, cell apoptosis caused by CTX was also suppressed by carnosine treatment, as assessed by decreased TUNEL-positive cell counts, down-regulated expressions of Bax and Cyt c, and reduced ratios of cleaved Caspase-3/Caspase-3. These results together suggest that carnosine can protect murine bone marrow cells from CTX-induced DNA damage via its antioxidant activity. Bone marrow cells suppression induced by CTX is associated with the increasement of ROS and oxidative DNA damage. Carnosine attenuates CTX-elevated oxidative DNA damage and bone marrow cells suppression. Favorable prospects of clinical applications for carnosine in combination with CTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Deng
- Anti-stress and Health Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China
| | - Yi-Fei Zhong
- Anti-stress and Health Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China
| | - Yan-Ping Wu
- Anti-stress and Health Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China
| | - Zhuo Luo
- Anti-stress and Health Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China
| | - Yuan-Ming Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China
| | - Guo-En Wang
- Anti-stress and Health Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China
| | - Hiroshi Kurihara
- Anti-stress and Health Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China
| | - Yi-Fang Li
- Anti-stress and Health Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China
| | - Rong-Rong He
- Anti-stress and Health Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, PR China
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17
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Bao Y, Ding S, Cheng J, Liu Y, Wang B, Xu H, Shen Y, Lyu J. Carnosine Inhibits the Proliferation of Human Cervical Gland Carcinoma Cells Through Inhibiting Both Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Glycolysis Pathways and Retarding Cell Cycle Progression. Integr Cancer Ther 2016; 17:80-91. [PMID: 28008780 PMCID: PMC5950946 DOI: 10.1177/1534735416684551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnosine has been demonstrated to play an antitumorigenic role in certain types
of cancer. However, its underlying mechanism is unclear. In this study, the
roles of carnosine in cell proliferation and its underlying mechanism were
investigated in the cultured human cervical gland carcinoma cells HeLa and
cervical squamous carcinoma cells SiHa. The results showed that carnosine
exerted a significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of HeLa cells,
whereas its inhibitory action on the proliferation of SiHa cells was much
weaker. Carnosine decreased the ATP content through inhibiting both
mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis pathways in cultured HeLa cells but not
SiHa cells. Carnosine reduced the activities of isocitrate dehydrogenase and
malate dehydrogenase in TCA (tricarboxylic acid) cycle and the activities of
mitochondrial electron transport chain complex I, II, III, and IV in HeLa cells
but not SiHa cells. Carnosine also decreased the mRNA and protein expression
levels of ClpP, which plays a key role in maintaining the mitochondrial function
in HeLa cells. In addition, carnosine induced G1 arrest by inhibiting the G1-S
phase transition in both HeLa and SiHa cells. Taken together, these findings
suggest that carnosine has a strong inhibitory action on the proliferation of
human cervical gland carcinoma cells rather than cervical squamous carcinoma
cells. Mitochondrial bioenergetics and glycolysis pathways and cell cycle may be
involved in the carnosine action on the cell proliferation in cultured human
cervical gland carcinoma cells HeLa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Bao
- 1 Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples Republic of China.,2 Jinhua People's Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Saidan Ding
- 3 The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Jiaoyan Cheng
- 1 Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Yuan Liu
- 1 Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Bingyu Wang
- 1 Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Huijuan Xu
- 1 Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Yao Shen
- 1 Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Lyu
- 1 Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples Republic of China
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18
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Ke YQ, Liu C, Hao JB, Lu L, Lu NN, Wu ZK, Zhu SS, Chen XL. Morin inhibits cell proliferation and fibronectin accumulation in rat glomerular mesangial cells cultured under high glucose condition. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:622-627. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.09.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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19
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Xu S, Lv Y, Zhao J, Wang J, Wang G, Wang S. The Inhibitory Effect of Rhein on Proliferation of High Glucose-induced Mesangial Cell Through Cell Cycle Regulation and Induction of Cell Apoptosis. Pharmacogn Mag 2016; 12:S257-63. [PMID: 27279717 PMCID: PMC4883089 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.182158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Increased mesangial cell proliferation and accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) are the major pathological features of early-stage diabetic nephropathy. This study was sought to investigate the inhibitory effects of rhein (RH) on high glucose (HG)-cultured mesangial cells. Specially, we focus on the analysis of proliferation rate, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, and the expression of collagen IV and laminin. Materials and Methods: The established rat renal mesangial cell (RMC) line was cultured in medium with different concentrations of glucose (5.6 mM or 25 mM) and RH (40 μM, 20 μM, and 10 μM). Pro-treated cells were collected at 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h for cell proliferation analysis and after 24 h for the experiments of flow cytometry, transmission electron microscope, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting. Results: Our data shows HG can promote the proliferation of RMCs and RH has an inhibitory effect on HG-induced RMC proliferation and expression of ECM. Based on our data, we hypothesize this inhibitory effect might be a result of cell cycle regulation and the induction of cellular apoptosis. Conclusion: RH can inhibit cellular proliferation and downregulate the expression of ECM under the circumstance of HG. The mechanism of growth suppression may be due to cell cycle arrest at G1 phase, induction of cell apoptosis, and upregulation of apoptotic mediators bax and caspase-3. SUMMARY Rhein (RH) has an inhibitory effect on high glucose.induced rat mesangial cells proliferation RH has an inhibitory effect on the expression of extracellular matrix RH has a growth.suppression effect RH can upregulate the expression of apoptotic mediators bax and caspase-3 All above shows RH is one of the main active ingredient in Shenkang injection.
Abbreviations used: RH: Rhein, ECM: Extracellular matrix, DN: Diabetic nephropathy, RMC: Renal mesangial cell, SKI: Shenkang injection, MTT: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol–2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouzhu Xu
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yanying Lv
- Xi'an Shiji Shengkang Pharmaceutical Industry Co. Ltd., Xi'an Fengjing Industrial Park, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Junping Wang
- Xi'an Shiji Shengkang Pharmaceutical Industry Co. Ltd., Xi'an Fengjing Industrial Park, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Guangjian Wang
- Xi'an Shiji Shengkang Pharmaceutical Industry Co. Ltd., Xi'an Fengjing Industrial Park, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Siwang Wang
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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20
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Baye E, Ukropcova B, Ukropec J, Hipkiss A, Aldini G, de Courten B. Physiological and therapeutic effects of carnosine on cardiometabolic risk and disease. Amino Acids 2016; 48:1131-49. [PMID: 26984320 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-016-2208-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are the most common preventable causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. They represent major public health threat to our society. Increasing prevalence of obesity and T2DM contributes to escalating morbidity and mortality from CVD and stroke. Carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) is a dipeptide with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-glycation, anti-ischaemic and chelating roles and is available as an over-the-counter food supplement. Animal evidence suggests that carnosine may offer many promising therapeutic benefits for multiple chronic diseases due to these properties. Carnosine, traditionally used in exercise physiology to increase exercise performance, has potential preventative and therapeutic benefits in obesity, insulin resistance, T2DM and diabetic microvascular and macrovascular complications (CVD and stroke) as well as number of neurological and mental health conditions. However, relatively little evidence is available in humans. Thus, future studies should focus on well-designed clinical trials to confirm or refute a potential role of carnosine in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases in humans, in addition to advancing knowledge from the basic science and animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estifanos Baye
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 43-51 Kanooka Grove, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, 3168, Australia.,Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Barbara Ukropcova
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Ukropec
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Alan Hipkiss
- School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Giancarlo Aldini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbora de Courten
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 43-51 Kanooka Grove, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC, 3168, Australia. .,Diabetes and Vascular Medicine Unit, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia.
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21
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Tan RR, Li YF, Zhang SJ, Huang WS, Tsoi B, Hu D, Wan X, Yang X, Wang Q, Kurihara H, He RR. Abnormal O-GlcNAcylation of Pax3 Occurring from Hyperglycemia-Induced Neural Tube Defects Is Ameliorated by Carnosine But Not Folic Acid in Chicken Embryos. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:281-294. [PMID: 26738858 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9581-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Neural tube defects (NTDs) are among the most common of the embryonic abnormalities associated with hyperglycemic gestation. In this study, the molecular mechanisms of embryonic neurogenesis influenced by hyperglycemia was investigated using chicken embryo models. High-concentration glucose was administered into chicken eggs and resulted in increased plasma and brain tissue glucose, and suppressed expression of glucose transporters (GLUTs). The rate of NTD positively correlated with hyperglycemia. Furthermore, abnormally increased O-GlcNAcylation, a nutritionally responsive modification, of the key neural tube marker Pax3 protein led to the loss of this protein. This loss was not observed in a folate-deficiency NTD induced by methotrexate. Carnosine, an endogenous dipeptide, showed significant recovery effects on neural tube development. In contrast, folic acid, a well-known periconceptional agent, surprisingly showed relatively minimal effect. Higher expression levels of the Pax3 protein were found in the carnosine-treated groups, while lower expression levels were found in folic acid groups. Furthermore, the abnormal O-GlcNAcylation of the Pax3 protein was restored by carnosine. These results suggest new insights into using endogenous nutrients for the protection of embryonic neurodevelopment affected by diabetes gestation. The abnormal excessive O-GlcNAcylation of Pax3 may be responsible for the neural tube defects associated with hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Rong Tan
- College Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.,International Center for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan TCM Science Academy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yi-Fang Li
- College Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Shi-Jie Zhang
- College Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wen-Shan Huang
- College Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Bun Tsoi
- College Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Dan Hu
- College Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xin Wan
- College Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xuesong Yang
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | | | - Rong-Rong He
- College Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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22
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Yoon JJ, Lee YJ, Lee SM, Kang DG, Lee HS. Oryeongsan suppressed high glucose-induced mesangial fibrosis. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 15:30. [PMID: 25880429 PMCID: PMC4354744 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0542-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background The pathological change of kidney in diabetic nephropathy is represented hypertrophy, inflammation, and renal fibrosis. Oryeongsan, traditional oriental herbal formula, is widely used for the treatment of nephrosis, dropsy, and uremia. This study was examined whether Oryeongsan attenuate high-glucose (HG)-promoted rat mesangial cell fibrosis and matrix accumulation, major features of diabetic glomerulosclerosis. Methods Oryeongsan was mixed traditional herbal medicine, Alisma orientale Juz, Polyporus umbellatus Fries, Atractylodes macrocephala Koidez, Poria cocos Wolf and Cinnamomum Cassia Presl (5:3:3:1). Renoprotective role in diabetic nephropathy of Oryeongsan was evaluated by [3H]-thymidine incorporation, Western blot, RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence microscopy assay. Results Rat mesangial cell proliferation induced by HG was significantly accelerated, which was inhibited by Oryeongsan in a dose dependent manner. HG enhanced expression of fibrosis biomarkers such as collagen IV and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), which was markedly attenuated by Oryeongsan. Oryeongsan increased HG-inhibited membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase expression (MT1-MMP) and MMP-2 promotor activity, whereas suppressed HG-induced tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) expression. Moreover, Oryeongsan promoted extracellular matrix degradation through disturbing transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)–Smad signaling. This study further revealed that Oryeongsan ameliorated HG-induced mesangial inflammation accompanying induction of intracellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Moreover, pretreatment of Oryeongsan inhibited NF-κB translocation in HG-exposed mesangial cell. Conclusion These results demonstrate that Oryeongsan has protective effect against renal proliferation, fibrosis, and inflammation. Therefore Oryeongsan may be specific therapies targeting renal dysfunction leading to diabetic nephropathy.
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23
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Cheng KK, Akasaki Y, Lecommandeur E, Lindsay RT, Murfitt S, Walsh K, Griffin JL. Metabolomic analysis of akt1-mediated muscle hypertrophy in models of diet-induced obesity and age-related fat accumulation. J Proteome Res 2014; 14:342-52. [PMID: 25231380 PMCID: PMC4286153 DOI: 10.1021/pr500756u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Akt1
is a serine/threonine kinase that promotes cell growth and
survival. Previously, Akt1 activation in a double transgenic (DTG)
mouse model fed a high-fat/high-sucrose (HF/HS) diet was found to
promote type IIb muscle growth and to lead to a significant reduction
in obesity. Here, we have used metabolomics to examine the metabolic
perturbations in blood serum and liver and gastrocnemius tissues of
the DTG mice. Multivariate statistics highlighted consistent metabolic
changes in gastrocnemius muscle following Akt1 activation, which included
significant reductions of serine and histidine-containing dipeptides
(anserine and carnosine), in addition to increased concentrations
of phosphorylated sugars. In addition, Akt1-mediated regression in
obesity could be associated with increased glycolysis in gastrocnemius
muscle as well as increased gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis, and ketogenesis
in the liver. In old DTG animals, Akt1 activation was found to improve
glucose metabolism and confer a beneficial effect in the regression
of age-related fat accumulation. This study identifies metabolic changes
induced by Akt1-mediated muscle growth and demonstrates a cross-talk
between distant organs that leads to a regression of fat mass. The
current findings indicate that agents that promote Akt1 induction
in muscle have utility in the regression of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kian-Kai Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom
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24
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Zhang Z, Miao L, Wu X, Liu G, Peng Y, Xin X, Jiao B, Kong X. Carnosine Inhibits the Proliferation of Human Gastric Carcinoma Cells by Retarding Akt/mTOR/p70S6K Signaling. J Cancer 2014; 5:382-9. [PMID: 24799956 PMCID: PMC4007526 DOI: 10.7150/jca.8024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine), described as an enigmatic peptide for its antioxidant, anti-aging and especially antiproliferation properties, has been demonstrated to play an anti-tumorigenic role in certain types of cancer. However, its function in human gastric carcinoma remains unclear. In this study, the effect of carnosine on cell proliferation and its underlying mechanisms were investigated in the cultured human gastric carcinoma cells. The mTOR signaling axis molecules were analyzed in carnosine treated cells. The results showed that treatment with carnosine led to proliferation inhibition, cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, apoptosis increase, and inhibition of mTOR signaling activation by decreasing the phosphorylation of Akt, mTOR and p70S6K, suggesting that proliferation inhibition of carnosine in human gastric carcinoma was through the inhibition of Akt/mTOR/p70S6K pathway, and carnosine would be a mimic of rapamycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Zhang
- 1. Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, Center of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou 458 Hospital, Guangzhou, China ; 3. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Miao
- 2. Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Wu
- 1. Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, Center of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou 458 Hospital, Guangzhou, China ; 4. Institute of Life Science and Bio-pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guangze Liu
- 1. Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, Center of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou 458 Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuting Peng
- 1. Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, Center of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou 458 Hospital, Guangzhou, China ; 4. Institute of Life Science and Bio-pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoming Xin
- 2. Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China ; 5. Department of pharmacology, Taishan Medical University, Tai'an, China
| | - Binghua Jiao
- 3. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangping Kong
- 1. Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, Center of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou 458 Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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25
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Lan T, Wu T, Chen C, Chen X, Hao J, Huang J, Wang L, Huang H. Berberine attenuates high glucose-induced proliferation and extracellular matrix accumulation in mesangial cells: involvement of suppression of cell cycle progression and NF-κB/AP-1 pathways. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2014; 384:109-16. [PMID: 24508662 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2014.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Revised: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Berberine has been shown to have renoprotective effects on diabetes through attenuating TGF-β1 and fibronectin (FN) expression. However, how berberine regulates TGF-β1 and FN is not fully clear. Here we investigated whether berberine inhibited TGF-β1 and FN expression in high glucose-cultured mesangial cells. Berberine significantly inhibited mesangial cell proliferation and hypertrophy by increasing the cell population in G1-phase and reducing that in S-phase. In addition, berberine reversed high glucose-induced down-regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(Waf1)/(Cip1) and p27(Kip1). Berberine inhibited p65 translocation to the nucleus and c-jun phosphorylation induced by high glucose. Furthermore, berberine attenuated high glucose-induced expression of TGF-β1 and FN. Using a luciferase reporter assay, we found that high glucose-induced transcription activity of NF-κB and AP-1 was blocked by berberine. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that high glucose increased that NF-κB and AP-1 DNA binding activity. These data indicate that berberine inhibited mesangial cell proliferation and hypertrophy by modulating cell cycle progress. In addition, berberine suppressed high glucose-induced TGF-β1 and FN expression by blocking NF-κB/AP-1 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Lan
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Vascular Biology Research Institute, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Teng Wu
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaolan Chen
- Department of Cancer, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jie Hao
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Junying Huang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lijing Wang
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Heqing Huang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Qufeng Tongluo Prescription () inhibits mesangial cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis through regulating cell cycle progression. Chin J Integr Med 2013; 19:927-34. [PMID: 24307313 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-013-1655-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effects and possible underlying mechanism of Qufeng Tongluo Prescription (, QFTL) on the regulation of mesangial cells (MCs) proliferation and apoptosis. METHODS The MCs used in this experiment have undergone five passages induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Changes in the proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle regulatory proteins and mRNA expression levels of the MCs after administration of Benazepril or QFTL were measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) reduction assay, flow cytometry, Western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), respectively. RESULTS The addition of Benazepril or QFTL serum inhibited LPS-induced MC proliferation after treatment for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Moreover, the inhibitory effect is more significant in the QFTL group at 48 h (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, LPS-induced cell proliferation decreased the number of cells in G1 phase versus cells in S and G2/M phases, while the addition of QFTL and Benazepril serum increased the ratio of cells at G1 phase (P<0.05 or P<0.01) to cells at S phase (P<0.01), implicating the cell cycle inhibition effect exerted by QFTL. LPS decreased the level of MC apoptosis, compared with the control group (P<0.05), while QFTL and Benazepril serum increased the level of MC apoptosis (P<0.01). Moreover, the difference between the QFTL group and the Benazepril group was statistically significant (P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the protein and mRNA expression levels of cylinD1, cyclin dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) and p21 were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), p27 was decreased but with no statistical significance (P>0.05); After being treated with QFTL and Benazepril serum, the protein and mRNA expression levels of cylinD1, CDK2, p21 were decreased and p27 increased significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01); Compared with the Benazepril group, QFTL show better effects on protein and mRNA expression levels of cylinD1, CDK2 (P<0.05 or P<0.01) and p21 protein expression (P<0.05). CONCLUSION QFTL inhibits MCs proliferation, promotes MCs apoptosis through an underlying mechanism of down-regulating the protein and mRNA expression levels of cylinD1, CDK2, p21 and up-regulation of the expression level of p27.
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Hipkiss AR. Aging risk factors and Parkinson's disease: contrasting roles of common dietary constituents. Neurobiol Aging 2013; 35:1469-72. [PMID: 24388766 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2013.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a Parkinson's disease (PD) risk factor. It is suggested here that certain dietary components may either contribute to or ameliorate PD risk. There is evidence, which indicates that excessive carbohydrate (glucose or fructose) catabolism is a cause of mitochondrial dysfunction in PD, one consequence is increased production of methylglyoxal (MG). However, other dietary components (carnosine and certain plant extracts) not only scavenge MG but can also influence some of the biochemical events (signal transduction, stress protein synthesis, glycation, and toxin generation) associated with PD pathology. As double blind, placebo-controlled carnosine supplementation studies have revealed beneficial outcomes in humans, it is suggested that MG scavengers such as carnosine be further explored for their therapeutic potential toward PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan R Hipkiss
- Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing (ARCHA), School of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
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Inhibition of tumour cell growth by carnosine: some possible mechanisms. Amino Acids 2013; 46:327-37. [PMID: 24292217 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-013-1627-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The naturally occurring dipeptide carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) has been shown to inhibit, selectively, growth of transformed cells mediated, at least in part, by depleting glycolytic ATP levels. The mechanism(s) responsible has/have yet to be determined. Here, we discuss a number of probable and/or possible processes which could, theoretically, suppress glycolytic activity which would decrease ATP supply and generation of metabolic intermediates required for continued cell reproduction. Possibilities include effects on (i) glycolytic enzymes, (ii) metabolic regulatory activities, (iii) redox biology, (iv) protein glycation, (v) glyoxalase activity, (vi) apoptosis, (vii) gene expression and (viii) metastasis. It is possible, by acting at various sites that this pluripotent dipeptide may be an example of an endogenous "smart drug".
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Anti-Proliferative Effect of an Aqueous Extract of Prunella vulgaris in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:936463. [PMID: 24159354 PMCID: PMC3789443 DOI: 10.1155/2013/936463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The abnormal proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in arterial walls is an important pathogenic factor of vascular disorders such as diabetic atherosclerosis. We have reported the anti-inflammatory effect of an aqueous extract from Prunella vulgaris (APV) in vascular endothelial cell. In the present study, APV exhibited inhibitory effects on high glucose-stimulated VSMC proliferation, migration, and invasion activities, inducing G1 cell cycle arrest with downregulation of cyclins and CDKs and upregulation of the CKIs, p21waf1/cip1 and p27kip1. Furthermore, APV dose dependently suppressed the high glucose-induced matrix metalloproteinase activity. High glucose-induced phosphorylation of ERK, p38 MAPK, was decreased by the pretreatment of APV. NF-κB activation by high glucose was attenuated by APV, as an antioxidant. APV attenuated the high glucose-induced decrease of nuclear factor E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) translocation and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. Intracellular cGMP level was also increased by APV treatment. These results demonstrate that APV may inhibit VSMC proliferation via downregulating ROS/NF-κB /ERK/p38 MAPK pathways. In addition, APV has a beneficial effect by the interaction of Nrf2-mediated NO/cGMP with HO-1, suggesting that Prunella vulgaris may be useful in preventing diabetic atherosclerosis.
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Rybakova YS, Boldyrev AA. Effect of carnosine and related compounds on proliferation of cultured rat pheochromocytoma PC-12 cells. Bull Exp Biol Med 2013; 154:136-40. [PMID: 23330110 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-012-1894-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The study was undertaken to determine the mechanism of carnosine effect on cell proliferation. We studied the effect of carnosine and its derivatives on cell cycle progression in cultured rat pheochromocytoma cells (PC-12). It was found that 48-h incubation of PC-12 cells with carnosine in concentrations of 10-50 mM led to deceleration of cell proliferation, reduction of G0/G1 peak, and accumulation of S- and G2/M-phase cells. Methylation of the carnosine molecule by 1N-position of the imidazole ring potentiated its effect on cell proliferation. Acetylation of the carnosine molecule by free β-amino group attenuated its effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu S Rybakova
- Research Center of Neurology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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Yoon JJ, Lee YJ, Lee SM, Jin SN, Kang DG, Lee HS. Poria cocosInhibits High Glucose-Induced Proliferation of Rat Mesangial Cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2013; 41:71-83. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x13500067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mesangial cell proliferation is correlated with the progression of renal failure. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a water extract of Poria cocos Wolf (WPC), a well-known medicinal plant, regulates rat mesangial cell proliferation in the presence of high glucose (HG). HG significantly accelerated [3H]-thymidine incorporation, which was inhibited by WPC (1–50 μg/mL) in a dose-dependent manner. Cell migration and fibronectin mRNA expression data also supported the anti-proliferative effect of WPC. Western blot analysis revealed that pretreatment with WPC decreased the expression of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and promoted the expression of p21waf1/cip1and p27kip1. WPC also suppressed HG-induced p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2) phosphorylation. Furthermore, WPC inhibited HG-induced production of dichlorofluorescein (DCF)-sensitive intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). In conclusion, HG promoted mesangial cell proliferation, and WPC inhibited this activity, at least in part, via induction of cell cycle arrest and activation of anti-oxidant properties. Taken together, these results suggest that P. cocos may be a potent regulator of HG-induced proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Joo Yoon
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
- Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Jung Lee
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
- Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - So Min Lee
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
- Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Nan Jin
- Institute of Materia Medica Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong 271016, China
| | - Dae Gill Kang
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
- Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Sub Lee
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
- Hanbang Body-Fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
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Luo M, Liu Z, Hao H, Lu T, Chen M, Lei M, Verfaillie CM, Liu Z. High glucose facilitates cell cycle arrest of rat bone marrow multipotent adult progenitor cells through transforming growth factor-β1 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 signalling without changing Oct4 expression. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2012; 39:843-51. [PMID: 22804759 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2012.05747.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
1. The transcription factor Oct4 is critical to the pluripotency, self-renewal and differentiation of stem cells. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of high glucose (HG) on the cell cycle progression of bone marrow multipotent adult progenitor cells (MAPC) and Oct4 expression, as well as the underlying mechanisms. 2. Rat MAPC were cultured in normal (5.5 mmol/L D-glucose) and HG (25.5 mmol/L D-glucose) media for up to 14 days. L-Glucose served as a high osmolarity control. Culture in HG media substantially increased the number of cells in the G(0)/G(1) phase and decreased the number in the S phase without changing the cell population in the G(2) phase. Expression of the cell cycle regulatory protein p21CIP/WAF-1 (p21), but not that of p27KIP-1 (p27), was significantly upregulated in cells cultured in HG media. Significant increases were seen in transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 levels in cells and MAPC-conditioned medium in the presence of HG, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 phosphorylation was enhanced in cells cultured in the presence of HG medium without any changes in Akt phosphorylation. 3. Neutralizing TGF-β1 antibody effectively prevented HG-induced increases in ERK1/2 phosphorylation, p21 expression and suppression of cell cycle progression of MAPC. Inhibiting ERK1/2 phosphorylation with PD98059 completely blocked HG-induced p21 expression and markedly reversed HG-induced inhibition of cell cycle progression in MAPC. The HG-induced suppression of cell cycle progression was not accompanied by inhibition of cell proliferation or Oct4 expression in these cells. 4. The data indicate that HG facilitates cell cycle arrest of rat MAPC through TGF-β1-induced activation of ERK1/2 signalling and p21 expression, and that Oct4 expression in MAPC is independent of the cell cycle and/or TGF-β1 or ERK1/2 signalling in HG medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Luo
- Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Huang K, Liu W, Lan T, Xie X, Peng J, Huang J, Wang S, Shen X, Liu P, Huang H. Berberine reduces fibronectin expression by suppressing the S1P-S1P2 receptor pathway in experimental diabetic nephropathy models. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43874. [PMID: 22937115 PMCID: PMC3427312 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of glomerular extracellular matrix (ECM) is one of the critical pathological characteristics of diabetic renal fibrosis. Fibronectin (FN) is an important constituent of ECM. Our previous studies indicate that the activation of the sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1)-sphingosine 1- phosphate (S1P) signaling pathway plays a key regulatory role in FN production in glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs) under diabetic condition. Among the five S1P receptors, the activation of S1P2 receptor is the most abundant. Berberine (BBR) treatment also effectively inhibits SphK1 activity and S1P production in the kidneys of diabetic models, thus improving renal injury. Based on these data, we further explored whether BBR could prevent FN production in GMCs under diabetic condition via the S1P2 receptor. Here, we showed that BBR significantly down-regulated the expression of S1P2 receptor in diabetic rat kidneys and GMCs exposed to high glucose (HG) and simultaneously inhibited S1P2 receptor-mediated FN overproduction. Further, BBR also obviously suppressed the activation of NF-κB induced by HG, which was accompanied by reduced S1P2 receptor and FN expression. Taken together, our findings suggest that BBR reduces FN expression by acting on the S1P2 receptor in the mesangium under diabetic condition. The role of BBR in S1P2 receptor expression regulation could closely associate with its inhibitory effect on NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaipeng Huang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weihua Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of GuangZhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tian Lan
- Vascular Biology Research Institute, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Xie
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Peng
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaogui Wang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Shen
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiqing Liu
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Heqing Huang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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34
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Carnosine and cancer: a perspective. Amino Acids 2012; 43:135-42. [PMID: 22454085 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-012-1271-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2011] [Accepted: 03/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The application of carnosine in medicine has been discussed since several years, but many claims of therapeutic effects have not been substantiated by rigorous experimental examination. In the present perspective, a possible use of carnosine as an anti-neoplastic therapeutic, especially for the treatment of malignant brain tumours such as glioblastoma is discussed. Possible mechanisms by which carnosine may perform its anti-tumourigenic effects are outlined and its expected bioavailability and possible negative and positive side effects are considered. Finally, alternative strategies are examined such as treatment with other dipeptides or β-alanine.
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Jeong SI, Kim SJ, Kwon TH, Yu KY, Kim SY. Schizandrin prevents damage of murine mesangial cells via blocking NADPH oxidase-induced ROS signaling in high glucose. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:1045-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2011] [Revised: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 11/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Liu W, Lan T, Xie X, Huang K, Peng J, Huang J, Shen X, Liu P, Huang H. S1P2 receptor mediates sphingosine-1-phosphate-induced fibronectin expression via MAPK signaling pathway in mesangial cells under high glucose condition. Exp Cell Res 2012; 318:936-43. [PMID: 22406263 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2012.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Revised: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Accumulation of extracellular matrix including fibronectin in mesangium is one of the major pathologic characteristics in diabetic nephropathy. In the current study, we explored role of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor in fibronectin expression and underlying molecular mechanism. Among five S1P receptors the mRNA level of S1P2 receptor was the most abundant in kidney of diabetic rats and mesangial cells under high glucose condition. S1P augmentation of fibronectin was significantly inhibited by S1P2 receptor antagonist JTE-013 and S1P2-siRNA. S1P-stimulated fibronectin expression was remarkably blocked by ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 and p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580. Phospho-ERK1/2 and phospho-p38MAPK level induced by S1P were markedly abrogated by JTE-013 and S1P2-siRNA. In conclusion, S1P2 receptor was significantly up-regulated under diabetic condition. S1P2 receptor mediated fibronectin expression through the activation of S1P-S1P2-MAPK (ERK1/2 and p38MAPK) axis in mesangial cells under high glucose condition, suggesting that it might be a potential therapeutic target for diabetic nephropathy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Liu
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Iovine B, Iannella ML, Nocella F, Pricolo MR, Bevilacqua MA. Carnosine inhibits KRAS-mediated HCT116 proliferation by affecting ATP and ROS production. Cancer Lett 2011; 315:122-8. [PMID: 22137144 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2011.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Revised: 07/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Carnosine is a natural dipeptide that has generated particular interest for its antioxidant, anti-aging and especially for its antiproliferative properties. In this study, we demonstrate that carnosine inhibits the proliferation of human HCT116 colon cancer cells. In this cell line, the activating KRAS mutation induces mitochondrial ROS, the signaling molecules for cell proliferation. We observed that 50-100 mM carnosine decreases ATP and ROS concentration and induces cell cycle arrest in G1 phase. In HCT116 cells these effects are related to decreased ERK1/2 phosphorylation and increased p21waf1 protein. Our findings support the concept that carnosine could inhibit HCT116 cell growth via its antioxidant activity and its ability to affect glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Iovine
- Dipartimento di Biochimica e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Napoli, Italy
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Pfister F, Riedl E, Wang Q, vom Hagen F, Deinzer M, Harmsen MC, Molema G, Yard B, Feng Y, Hammes HP. Oral Carnosine Supplementation Prevents Vascular Damage in Experimental Diabetic Retinopathy. Cell Physiol Biochem 2011; 28:125-36. [DOI: 10.1159/000331721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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39
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Liang W, Cheng J, Liu R, Wang JP, Mu JG, Wang QH, Wang HJ, Ma D. Peptide corresponding to the C terminus of tissue factor pathway inhibitor inhibits mesangial cell proliferation and activation in vivo. Peptides 2009; 30:2330-6. [PMID: 19720104 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2009.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2009] [Revised: 08/21/2009] [Accepted: 08/21/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Mesangial cells (MsCs) are one of the resident cell types in the glomerulus and are important with respect to its function and structure. The activation and proliferation of MsCs occur in several types of glomerulonephritis, particularly proliferative glomerulonephritis, producing a series of protein factors and matrix components that impair the normal structure and function of the glomerulus. To inhibit proliferation or induction of apoptosis is considered to be one mechanism that can be used to treat these diseases. In previous studies, we found that the tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) induces the apoptosis of cultured rat MsCs. Here, we expressed a series of TFPI fragments as fusion proteins to maltose binding protein (MBP-TFPI(162-188), MBP-TFPI(187-241), MBP-TFPI(240-276), MBP-TFPI(162-241), MBP-TFPI(187-276) and MBP-TFPI(162-276)) and applied them to cultured rat mesangial cells. The C terminus of TFPI, a peptide corresponding to residues 240-276 of TFPI, was confirmed to induce apoptosis of MsCs in vitro. To observe the effect of this peptide on MsCs in vivo, we performed intramuscular gene transfer treatment on a rat model of proliferative glomerulonephritis with a plasmid containing the gene for the C terminus of TFPI. This revealed that the C terminus of TFPI exhibited suppressive effects on the activation and proliferation of MsCs and, thereby, improved renal function. Our data indicate that the C terminus of TFPI could be used in the treatment of proliferative glomerulonephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Liang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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