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Shipa AME, Kahilo KA, Elshazly SA, Taher ES, Nasr NE, Alotaibi BS, Almadaly EA, Assas M, Abdo W, Abouzed TK, Salem AE, Kirci D, El-Seedi HR, Refaey MS, Rizk NI, Shukry M, Dorghamm DA. Protective effect of Petroselinum crispum methanolic extract against acrylamide-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats through NF-ĸB, kinesin, steroidogenesis pathways. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 126:108586. [PMID: 38614435 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
This study examined the protective effects of a Petroselinum crispum (P. crispum) methanolic extract on reproductive dysfunction induced by acrylamide in male rats. A total of 40 rats were divided into four groups (n=10). The control group received distilled water, the acrylamide group received 10 mg/kg of acrylamide, the P. crispum group received 100 mg/kg of P. crispum extract, and the combined group was pretreated with P. crispum for two weeks before co-administration of P. crispum and acrylamide. All administrations were administered orally using a gastric tube for eight weeks. Acrylamide decreased testosterone levels but did not affect levels of FSH or LH. It also increased testicular levels of (MDA) malondialdehyde and reduced activity of (SOD) superoxide dismutase and impairment of sperm parameters. Furthermore, the administration of acrylamide resulted in an elevation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels and a reduction in the levels of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR) and cytochrome P450scc (P450scc). Acrylamide negatively affected the histopathological outcomes, Johnsen's score, the diameter of seminiferous tubules, and the thickness of the germinal epithelium. It also upregulated the expression of NF-ĸB P65 and downregulated the expression of kinesin motor protein. In contrast, treatment with P. crispum extract restored the levels of antioxidant enzymes, improved sperm parameters, and normalized the gene expression of TNF-α, IL-10, IL-6, iNOS, NF-ĸB, STAR, CYP17A1, 17β-HSD and P450scc. It also recovered testicular histological parameters and immunoexpression of NF-ĸB P65 and kinesin altered by acrylamide. P. crispum showed protective effects against acrylamide-induced reproductive toxicity by suppressing oxidative damage and inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M E Shipa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Khaled A Kahilo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Samir A Elshazly
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Ehab S Taher
- Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan
| | - Nasr E Nasr
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Badriyah S Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Essam A Almadaly
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Mona Assas
- Fish Processing and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Walied Abdo
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Tarek K Abouzed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt; Faculty of Medicine, Biochemistry Department University of Misrata, Libya
| | | | - Damla Kirci
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkiye
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah 42351, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Refaey
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
| | - Nermin I Rizk
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Shukry
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Doaa A Dorghamm
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
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Geng Z, Jin Y, Quan F, Huang S, Shi S, Hu B, Chi Z, Kong I, Zhang M, Yu X. Methoxychlor induces oxidative stress and impairs early embryonic development in pigs. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1325406. [PMID: 38107075 PMCID: PMC10722284 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1325406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Methoxychlor (MXC) is an organochlorine pesticide (OCP) that was formerly used worldwide as an insecticide against pests and mosquitoes. However, MXC is not biodegradable and has lipophilic characteristics; thus, it accumulates in organisms and affects reproductive function. MXC, as an estrogenic compound, promotes oxidative stress, induces oxidative stress damage to ovarian follicles, and causes miscarriages and stillbirths in females. In this research endeavor, our primary objective was to explore the ramifications of MXC regarding the developmental processes occurring during the initial stages of embryogenesis in pigs. Methods: In this study, we counted the blastocyst rate of early embryos cultured in vitro. We also examined the reactive oxygen species level, glutathione level, mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial copy number and ATP level in four-cell stage embryos. Finally, apoptosis and DNA damage in blastocyst cells, as well as pluripotency-related and apoptosis-related genes in blastocyst cells were detected. The above experiments were used to evaluate the changes of MXC damage on early parthenogenetic embryo development. Results and Discussion: The results showed that early embryos exposed to MXC had a significantly lower cleavage rate, blastocyst rate, hatching rate, and total cell count compared with the control group. It was also of note that MXC not only increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), but also decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and mitochondrial copy number during the development of early embryos. In addition, after MXC treatment, blastocyst apoptosis and DNA damage were increased, decreased cell proliferation, and the expression of pluripotency-related genes SOX2, NANOG, and OCT4 was down-regulated, while the expression of apoptosis-related genes BAX/BCL-2 and Caspase9 was up-regulated. Our results clearly show that MXC can have deleterious effects on the developmental processes of early porcine embryos, establishing the toxicity of MXC to the reproductive system. In addition, the study of this toxic effect may lead to greater concern about pesticide residues in humans and the use of safer pesticides, thus potentially preventing physiological diseases caused by chemical exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojun Geng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yongxun Jin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fushi Quan
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Siyi Huang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuming Shi
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Animal Genome Editing Technology Innovation Center, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhichao Chi
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ilkeun Kong
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Animal Science, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingjun Zhang
- Animal Genome Editing Technology Innovation Center, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xianfeng Yu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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El-Nagar MMF, Elsisi AE. Exposure to bromoxynil octanoate herbicide induces oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in testicular tissue via modulating NF-кB pathway. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 180:114008. [PMID: 37660944 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Bromoxynil octanoate (BO) is a herbicide necessary for plant growth and production. However, it may cause damage to environment and humans. This study aimed to investigate the potential testicular toxicity of BO and its possible underlying mechanisms. Male Albino (Sprague Dawley) rats were administered BO in different doses (5, 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg/BW; P.O.) daily for 21 days. Testicular function was evaluated by determining count and viability of epididymal sperm, and testosterone. In addition, the following parameters were assessed; MDA, NO, and H2O2 as oxidative stress markers; SOD, CAT, GPx, GST, and GSH as antioxidant markers; NF-ĸB-P65 and IL-18 as inflammatory markers; caspase-9 and caspase-3 as apoptotic markers; gene expression of NF-ĸB-P65, TNF-α, BAX, Bcl-2, and caspase-3; and histopathological examination of epididymis and testis sections. The results showed a significant (P < 0.05) increase in MDA, NO, H2O2, IL-18, and caspase-9 content, NF-ĸB-P65, TNF-α, Bax, and Caspase-3 expression as compared to control. Furthermore, the count and viability of epididymal sperm, testosterone level, SOD, CAT, GPx, GST, and GSH content, and Bcl-2 expression showed a significant (P < 0.05) decrease as compared to control. In conclusion BO-induced testicular damage by altering oxidation, inflammation, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysa M F El-Nagar
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
| | - Alaa E Elsisi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
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Wu J, Wang F, Xie G, Cai Z. Mass spectrometric determination of N7-HPTE-dG and N7-HPTE-Gua in mammalian cells and mice exposed to methoxychlor, an emergent persistent organic pollutant. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 432:128741. [PMID: 35349845 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Methoxychlor (MXC) is an organopesticide classified as a "Proposed Persistent Organic Pollutant" in the Stockholm Convention, and recent studies revealed that MXC could induce DNA strand breaks, whereas its underlying mechanisms were underinvestigated. Here, we first reported that hydroxymethoxychlor (HPTE), one of MXC's active metabolites, could be oxidized in vivo to form quinone intermediate, which attacked N7 position of 2'-deoxyguanosine to form N7-HPTE-deoxyguanosine (N7-HPTE-dG), followed by depurination to produce N7-HPTE-guanine (N7-HPTE-Gua) in MXC-treated mammalian cells and tissues from mice fed with MXC, employing an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method. We observed a positive correlation between the doses of MXC exposure and the levels of N7-HPTE-Gua and N7-HPTE-dG in cytoplasm and genomic DNA, respectively. Furthermore, after removal of exogenous MXC, the amount of genomic N7-HPTE-dG was significantly decreased during 24 h, while the level of cytoplasmic N7-HPTE-Gua was elevated during first 12 h, indicating the accumulation of the N7-HPTE-Gua in cells. Additionally, for animal experiment, genomic N7-HPTE-dG was observed in livers and cortexes from female C57BL/6 mice fed with MXC, suggesting a potential mechanism of its hepatoxicity and neurotoxicity. Overall, our study provides new understanding about the formation of MXC-induced DNA adducts in mammalian cells and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Fuyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Guangshan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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Yue H, Gou L, Tang Z, Liu Y, Liu S, Tang H. Construction of pH-responsive nanocarriers in combination with ferroptosis and chemotherapy for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Nanotechnol 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s12645-022-00111-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Chemotherapy is widely used to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although sorafenib (SO) is the only chemotherapy drug approved by FDA for treatment of HCC, it is associated with several disadvantages including low water solubility, low bioavailability, lack of targeting and easily causes systemic toxicity. In recent years, nanocarriers have shown promise in drug delivery to effectively solve these problems. Herein, we used SO-loaded nanocarriers to overcome the defects of chemotherapy during treatment of HCC. Specifically, we encapsulated pH-sensitive hollow mesoporous Prussian blue nanoparticles (HMPB) with SO (an inhibitor of multi-kinase and accelerant of ferroptosis) to act as carriers and facilitate drug release. We also coated its surface with a layer of pH-responsive chitosan (CS) to block the drug and increase biocompatibility. Finally, we successfully constructed HP/SO/CS nanocomposites for targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs, with the aim of initiating chemotherapy and ferroptosis for dual treatment of tumors. In vitro and in vivo experiments were performed for evaluation of the nanocomposites’ anti-tumor efficacy by using liver cancer cells and mice, respectively.
Results
The nanocomposites specifically targeted tumor cells through enhancing permeability and retention (EPR) effect. Results from in vitro experiments showed that the nanocarriers not only promoted cell apoptosis and reduced the number of cells for chemotherapy, but also promoted accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROSs). In vivo experiments showed that mice in the nanocomposite-treated group exhibited the smallest tumor sizes and body weights, with no obvious damage to normal tissues and organs.
Conclusion
Taken together, these findings indicated that nanocarriers had an effective inhibitory effect on HCC cells. This safe and multifunctional treatment model was a valuable option for the treatment of HCC, as well as other cancers.
Graphical Abstract
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In Vitro and Vivo Identification, Metabolism and Action of Xenoestrogens: An Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084013. [PMID: 33924608 PMCID: PMC8070283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Xenoestrogens (XEs) are substances that imitate endogenous estrogens to affect the physiologic functions of humans or other animals. As endocrine disruptors, they can be either synthetic or natural chemical compounds derived from diet, pesticides, cosmetics, plastics, plants, industrial byproducts, metals, and medications. By mimicking the chemical structure that is naturally occurring estrogen compounds, synthetic XEs, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), bisphenol A (BPA), and diethylstilbestrol (DES), are considered the focus of a group of exogenous chemical. On the other hand, nature phytoestrogens in soybeans can also serve as XEs to exert estrogenic activities. In contrast, some XEs are not similar to estrogens in structure and can affect the physiologic functions in ways other than ER-ERE ligand routes. Studies have confirmed that even the weakly active compounds could interfere with the hormonal balance with persistency or high concentrations of XEs, thus possibly being associated with the occurrence of the reproductive tract or neuroendocrine disorders and congenital malformations. However, XEs are most likely to exert tissue-specific and non-genomic actions when estrogen concentrations are relatively low. Current research has reported that there is not only one factor affected by XEs, but opposite directions are also found on several occasions, or even different components stem from the identical endocrine pathway; thus, it is more challenging and unpredictable of the physical health. This review provides a summary of the identification, detection, metabolism, and action of XEs. However, many details of the underlying mechanisms remain unknown and warrant further investigation.
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Jimoh OA, Oyeyemi WA, Okin-Aminu HO, Oyeyemi BF. Reproductive characteristics, semen quality, seminal oxidative status, steroid hormones, sperm production efficiency of rabbits fed herbal supplements. Theriogenology 2021; 168:41-49. [PMID: 33845263 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Today, orthodox medicine has almost exceeded its limits in resolving subfertility problems in animals, thus making phytomedicine a primary tool in the treatment of infertility. In this work, three herbal supplements obtained from freshly air-dried Moringa oleifera, Phyllanthus amarus and Viscum album leaves were evaluated to ascertain their comparative effect on the reproductive potentials of bucks. Sixty bucks were allotted four diets made up of standard grower rabbit ration without supplement and with 5% Moringa, Mistletoe and Phyllanthus supplementation for 84 days. Semen samples were collected from all bucks using artificial vagina, for semen quality and seminal oxidative stress markers. The organ weights, testicular and epididymal spermatozoa reserves were assessed to determine sperm production potentials using standard procedures. The result obtained revealed that spermatozoa concentration, progressive motility, curvilinear velocity, average path velocity and the amplitude of lateral head was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the group fed with mistletoe supplemented diet compared to that recorded in the control groups. The inclusion of herbal supplements linearly (p < 0.05) increased the seminal total antioxidant activity with a corresponding decrease in the seminal lipid peroxidation across the herbal supplemented treatments compared to the control. The gonadal and extra-gonadal sperm reserves of bucks fed on the herbal supplements were depleted compared to bucks on control. Bucks on mistletoe supplementation rivalled the superior daily sperm production and testicular sperm reserve in bucks without herbal supplements. In conclusion, Viscum album supplements in bucks' diets encouraged daily sperm production, testicular sperm reserves, testosterone, as well as spermatozoa kinetics. The three herbal supplements did enhance semen oxidative stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olatunji Abubakar Jimoh
- Department of Agricultural Technology, The Federal Polytechnic Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
| | | | | | - Bolaji Fatai Oyeyemi
- Department of Science Technology, Federal Polytechnic Ado Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
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8
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Warner GR, Mourikes VE, Neff AM, Brehm E, Flaws JA. Mechanisms of action of agrochemicals acting as endocrine disrupting chemicals. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 502:110680. [PMID: 31838026 PMCID: PMC6942667 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Agrochemicals represent a significant class of endocrine disrupting chemicals that humans and animals around the world are exposed to constantly. Agrochemicals can act as endocrine disrupting chemicals through a variety of mechanisms. Recent studies have shown that several mechanisms of action involve the ability of agrochemicals to mimic the interaction of endogenous hormones with nuclear receptors such as estrogen receptors, androgen receptors, peroxisome proliferator activated receptors, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, and thyroid hormone receptors. Further, studies indicate that agrochemicals can exert toxicity through non-nuclear receptor-mediated mechanisms of action. Such non-genomic mechanisms of action include interference with peptide, steroid, or amino acid hormone response, synthesis and degradation as well as epigenetic changes (DNA methylation and histone modifications). This review summarizes the major mechanisms of action by which agrochemicals target the endocrine system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genoa R Warner
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, 61802, IL, United States
| | - Vasiliki E Mourikes
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, 61802, IL, United States
| | - Alison M Neff
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, 61802, IL, United States
| | - Emily Brehm
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, 61802, IL, United States
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, 61802, IL, United States.
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Mai X, Dong Y, Xiang L, Er Z. Maternal exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo -p-dioxin suppresses male reproductive functions in their adulthood. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 39:890-905. [PMID: 32031418 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120903489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant in the environment. The developmental period is more sensitive to TCDD and there is a possibility that maternal exposure to TCDD may affect in adulthood. Adult female Wistar rats were exposed to 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 µg/kg TCDD during the critical stage of organogenesis, that is, on GD15. The results revealed a significant decrease in indices of reproductive organ weight in adult male rats exposed to prenatal TCDD, and dose-dependent reduction in epididymal sperm reserves, percent motile, and viable sperm with an increase in percent morphological abnormal sperm. Polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed downregulated expression levels of steroidogenic markers such as steroidogenic acute regulatory, cholesterol side-chain cleavage, and 3β- and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSDs) in experimental rats. Immunofluorescence sections portrayed reduced distribution of 3β- and 17β-HSD proteins in testes of experimental rats. Furthermore, spermatogenic markers (acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and sorbitol dehydrogenase) were significantly altered in the testes. Serum levels of testosterone, follicle stimulating hormones, and luteinizing hormone were significantly decreased. Testicular levels of hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation were significantly elevated with a decline in superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase activities, and total thiol levels. Moreover, histological and morphometric examination of testicular cross-sections depicted degenerative changes. Male fertility assessment in adult rats revealed a significant decrease in mating index, fertility index, and mean number of pre- and postimplantations with an increase in pre- and postimplantation losses in rats cohabited with in utero TCDD-exposed adult males. In conclusion, the findings of this study provided clear evidence that maternal exposure to TCDD during the critical stage of development results in suppressed reproductive health in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Mai
- Department of Reproductive medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Y Dong
- Department of Reproductive medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - L Xiang
- Department of Reproductive medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Z Er
- Department of Reproductive medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Guvvala PR, Ravindra JP, Selvaraju S. Impact of environmental contaminants on reproductive health of male domestic ruminants: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:3819-3836. [PMID: 31845245 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06980-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Environmental contaminants are gaining more attention in the livestock sector lately due to their harmful effects on productivity and fertility of livestock. Recent research indicates that many domestic ruminants are becoming subfertile/infertile due to confounding reasons associated with management. Contaminants like metals, metalloids, herbicides, pesticides, insecticides, chemicals, or natural contaminants are present everywhere in day to day life and are becoming a threat to the livestock. Studies on a broad-spectrum of animals suggest that high doses of acute or low doses of chronic exposure to the contaminants lead to disruption of multi-organs/systems including reproductive function. The lowered reproductive efficiency in animals is attributed to the endocrine disruptor activities of the environmental contaminants on the gonads, affecting gametogenesis and steroidogenesis. In vitro studies on testicular cells and the semen suggest that spermatozoa are more susceptible to damage by environmental contaminants. The quality of the semen happens to be a critical factor in the livestock industry. Contaminants affecting gametogenesis and steroidogenesis may lead to devastating consequences to the livestock reproduction, and thus the production. However, there is a lack of collective data on the effect of such environmental contaminants on the fertility of male domestic ruminants. This review discusses the studies related to the impact of environmental contaminants on male fertility in large (bull and buffalo) and small (sheep and goat) ruminants by focusing on the underlying molecular interactions between the contaminants and gonads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpa Rani Guvvala
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Animal Physiology Division, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bengaluru, 560030, India.
| | - Janivara Parameswaraiah Ravindra
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Animal Physiology Division, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bengaluru, 560030, India
| | - Sellappan Selvaraju
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Animal Physiology Division, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bengaluru, 560030, India
- ICAR-National Fellow, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bengaluru, 560030, India
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11
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Martini M, Froment P, Franceschini I, Pillon D, Guibert E, Cahier C, Mhaouty-Kodja S, Keller M. Perinatal Exposure to Methoxychlor Affects Reproductive Function and Sexual Behavior in Mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:639. [PMID: 33013709 PMCID: PMC7509471 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous chemicals derived from human activity are now disseminated in the environment where their exert estrogenic endocrine disrupting effects, and therefore represent major health concerns. The present study explored whether Methoxychlor (MXC), an insecticide with xenoestrogens activities, given during the perinatal period (from gestational day 11 to postnatal day 8) and at an environmentally dose [20 μg/kg (body weight)/day], would affect reproductive physiology and sexual behavior of the offspring in mice. While MXC exposure did not induce any differences in the weight gain of animals from birth to 4 months of age, a clear difference (although in opposite direction according to the sexes) was observed on the anogenital distance between intact and exposed animals. A similar effect was also observed on preputial separation and vaginal opening, which reflects, respectively, in males and females, puberty occurrence. The advanced puberty observed in females was associated with an enhanced expression of kisspeptin cells in the anteroventral periventricular region of the medial preoptic area. Exposure to MXC did not induce in adult females changes in the estrous cycle or in the weight of the female reproductive tract. By contrast, males showed reduced weight of the epididymis and seminiferous vesicles associated with reduced testosterone levels and seminiferous tubule diameter. We also showed that both males and females showed deficits in mate preference tests. As a whole, our results show that MXC impacts reproductive outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Martini
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, UMR 7247 INRA/CNRS/Université François Rabelais, Nouzilly, France
- Department of Biological Sciences & Toxicology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Pascal Froment
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, UMR 7247 INRA/CNRS/Université François Rabelais, Nouzilly, France
| | - Isabelle Franceschini
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, UMR 7247 INRA/CNRS/Université François Rabelais, Nouzilly, France
| | - Delphine Pillon
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, UMR 7247 INRA/CNRS/Université François Rabelais, Nouzilly, France
| | - Edith Guibert
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, UMR 7247 INRA/CNRS/Université François Rabelais, Nouzilly, France
| | - Claude Cahier
- Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l'Orfrasière, UE 1297, INRA, Nouzilly, France
| | - Sakina Mhaouty-Kodja
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, Neuroscience Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Keller
- Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, UMR 7247 INRA/CNRS/Université François Rabelais, Nouzilly, France
- *Correspondence: Matthieu Keller
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12
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Kumar M, Myagmardoloonjin B, Keshari S, Negari IP, Huang CM. 5-methyl Furfural Reduces the Production of Malodors by Inhibiting Sodium l-lactate Fermentation of Staphylococcus epidermidis: Implication for Deodorants Targeting the Fermenting Skin Microbiome. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7080239. [PMID: 31387211 PMCID: PMC6723266 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7080239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) is a common bacterial colonizer on the surface of human skin. Lactate is a natural constituent of skin. Here, we reveal that S. epidermidis used sodium l-lactate as a carbon source to undergo fermentation and yield malodors detected by gas colorimetric tubes. Several furan compounds such as furfural originating from the fermentation metabolites play a role in the negative feedback regulation of the fermentation process. The 5-methyl furfural (5MF), a furfural analog, was selected as an inhibitor of sodium l-lactate fermentation of S. epidermidis via inhibition of acetolactate synthase (ALS). S. epidermidis treated with 5MF lost its ability to produce malodors, demonstrating the feasibility of using 5MF as an ingredient in deodorants targeting malodor-causing bacteria in the skin microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 320009, Taiwan
| | | | - Sunita Keshari
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan 320009, Taiwan
| | - Indira Putri Negari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 320009, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ming Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 320009, Taiwan.
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan 320009, Taiwan.
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
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Aly H. Testicular toxicity of gentamicin in adult rats: Ameliorative effect of lycopene. Hum Exp Toxicol 2019; 38:1302-1313. [PMID: 31319718 DOI: 10.1177/0960327119864160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The current study was aimed to investigate the ameliorative effect of lycopene against gentamicin-induced testicular toxicity in adult rat testes. Pretreatment with lycopene (4 mg/kg/day) significantly prevented the decrease in the absolute testes weight and relative testes weight and the reduction in sperm count, motility, viability, and daily sperm production in gentamicin (100 mg/kg/day)-treated rats. Gentamicin significantly decreased the level of serum testosterone and testicular lactate dehydrogenase-X and G6PDH activities but a marked increase was observed upon pretreatment with lycopene. Testicular caspase-3 and -9 activities were significantly increased but lycopene showed significant protection from gentamicin-induced apoptosis. Oxidative stress was induced by gentamicin treatment as evidenced by increased hydrogen peroxide level and lipid peroxidation and decreased the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activities and glutathione content. These alterations were effectively prevented by lycopene pretreatment. Histopathological examination showed loss of spermatogenesis and morphological abnormalities of the testis after treatment with gentamycin. These abnormalities were effectively normalized by pretreatment with lycopene. In conclusion, gentamicin decreases rat testes weight and inhibits spermatogenesis. It induces oxidative stress and apoptosis by possible mitochondrial dysfunction. These data provide insight into the mode of action of gentamicin-induced testicular toxicity and the beneficial role provided by lycopene to restore the suppressed spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haa Aly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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14
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Hassan E, El-Neweshy M, Hassan M, Noreldin A. Thymoquinone attenuates testicular and spermotoxicity following subchronic lead exposure in male rats: Possible mechanisms are involved. Life Sci 2019; 230:132-140. [PMID: 31136753 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.05.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The testis is one of the main target organs for lead (Pb) toxicity. The current study was investigated the mechanism (s) of the therapeutic potential of thymoquinone (TQ), the active principle of Nigella sativa seed, against testicular toxicity following subchronic Pb exposure in the light of cytopathic effects, apoptotic signaling pathways, oxidative stress, serum sex hormones levels and testicular aromatase gene expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two male albino rats were randomly allocated into control, PbAc (20 mg PbAc/kg bwt, orally), TQ (5 mg TQ/kg bwt dissolved in corn oil, orally), and PbAc + TQ groups for 56 successive days. KEY FINDINGS PbAc-treated rats showed significant decrease of testes and epididymes weights, sperm count, motility and viability, spermatogenesis score and serum FSH, LH, testosterone and estradiol levels, as well as a significant decreased testicular antioxidant molecules (Superoxide dismutase enzyme and reduced glutathione), and a significant elevation of sperm abnormalities, oxidative biomarkers (Malondialdehyde and Nitric oxide) compared to a control group. In addition, Pb induced significant downregulation of aromatase gene expression, activation of Bax and Caspase-3 apoptotic pathways. Moreover, Pb caused complete seminiferous tubules hyalinization (38%), germinal epithelium sloughing (15%) and hypocellularity (8%). However, administration of TQ with PbAc improved sperm quality, testicular histology and oxidative/antioxidative status, and serum levels of LH, testosterone and E2 with respect to PbAc group. Additionally, TQ with PbAc significantly lessen the staining intensity and the area of Bax and Caspase-3 immunoexpression. SIGNIFICANCE TQ might exert its acceptable therapeutic potential against Pb-induced testicular and spermotoxicity via anti-oxidative, endocrine and anti-apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Hassan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Eldakahliya, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud El-Neweshy
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Marwa Hassan
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Noreldin
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
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15
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Hassan E, Kahilo K, Kamal T, Hassan M, Saleh Elgawish M. The protective effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate on testicular oxidative stress in lead-induced toxicity mediated by Cyp19 gene / estradiol level. Toxicology 2019; 422:76-83. [PMID: 31054310 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to heavy metals contributes to most of the unexplained male infertility. Lead (Pb) is a well- known heavy metal, which disrupt the male reproductive system. This study was conducted to investigate the therapeutic and protective effects of green tea active principle, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), on the lead toxicity-induced infertility in male rats. Male albino rats receiving lead acetate (PbAc, 50 mg/l) once a daily in drinking water showed reduction of spermatozoa count and motility, diminishing the weights of testes, seminal vesicle and epididymis, low level of serum testosterone and 17β-estradiol (E2), and degenerative changes in seminiferous tubules. Additionally, the Pb exposure caused a testicular oxidative stress with a decrease in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase (CAT) enzymes, a remarkable rising in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, as well as a downregulation in P450 aromatase gene expression (Cyp19) in the rats' testicular tissues. These adverse effects of Pb were ameliorated by EGCG treatment, which increased testosterone, E2 serum level, and aromatase P450 gene expression, and improved testicular architecture and semen picture. Additionally, EGCG decreased the tissue levels of MDA and retained the levels of antioxidative enzymes. In conclusion, EGCG administration can provide a significant protection against testicular toxicity caused by pb, indicating the beneficial roles of EGCG on the male reproductive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Hassan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Eldakahliya, Egypt.
| | - Khaled Kahilo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafr Elsheikh University, Egypt
| | - Tarek Kamal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafr Elsheikh University, Egypt
| | - Marwa Hassan
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Saleh Elgawish
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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16
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Protective effect of diallyl sulfide against lead-mediated oxidative damage, apoptosis and down-regulation of CYP19 gene expression in rat testes. Life Sci 2019; 226:193-201. [PMID: 30986445 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The present study aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic effect of diallyl sulfide (DAS), a natural component of garlic (Allium sativum), in the improvement of lead (Pb)-induced testicular toxicity and its underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two male albino rats were randomly divided into control, PbAc (20 mg lead acetate/kg bwt, orally), DAS (200 mg/kg bwt, orally), and PbAc + DAS groups for 49 successive days. The investigation based on the following criteria: Paired testes and epididymides weights, epididymal sperm analysis, level of serum sex hormones (Testosterone and17β-estradiol (E2)), aromatase (CYP19) expression, Malondialdehyde (MDA), Nitric oxide (NO), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme, reduced glutathione (GSH), testicular histopathology, spermatogenesis score and apoptosis detection (Caspase-3 immunoexpression). KEY FINDINGS Pb caused significant decline in epididymal sperm count and motility, testes and epididymes weights, spermatogenesis score and serum testosterone and1E2, as well as a significant decrease in SOD and GSH level, and a significant elevation of MDA and NO compared to a control group. In addition, Pb induced significant downregulation of CYP19 gene expression, increase of Caspase-3 immunoreactivity, various testicular degenerative and necrotic changes. Whereas, co-treatment of rats with DAS improved sperm analysis, and testicular histology and antioxidative status. Furthermore, DAS co-administration regulated testicular CYP19 and Caspase-3 expressions. SIGNIFICANCE Collectively, DAS seemed to be a promising agent for protection against Pb-induced testicular toxicity through antioxidative properties, beside regulation of testicular apoptosis and aromatase expression.
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17
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Fan Y, Yu G, Yu J, Sun J, Wu Y, Zhao X, Meng Y, He Z, Wang C. Research Trends and Hotspots Analysis Related to the Effects of Xenobiotics on Glucose Metabolism in Male Testes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15081590. [PMID: 30050010 PMCID: PMC6121400 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15081590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to integrate and analyze the existing studies and to explore research trends and hotspots related to the effects of xenobiotics on glucose metabolism in male testes. All articles were retrieved from the PubMed database, from an inception date up to 10 June 2017. CiteSpace software (version 5.1.R8 SE) was used for the co-word cluster analysis. A total of 165 eligible publications were included in this study. In 1949⁻1959, only two articles were published. After 1960, the number of articles increased steadily. These articles were published in 97 journals, in particular, in the Indian Journal of Experimental Biology (11 articles, 6.7%). Most of the authors (87.0%) only published one article. Only a few established research teams, mostly from the USA, worked consistently in this field. The main xenobiotics that had been studied were medicine and common environmental pollutants, e.g., gossypol, cadmium, di-n-butyl phthalate, and alpha-chlorohydrin. The hotspot keywords were Sertoli cell, lactate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, oxidative stress, and glucose metabolism. The focus of research had been changed overtime. This is the first bibliometric study between xenobiotics and glucose metabolism in the male testes. The findings suggest that environmental pollutants have become a huge concern, and related research should be strengthened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Fan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, DongHu Road 115, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Guangxia Yu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, DongHu Road 115, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, DongHu Road 115, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Jiantao Sun
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, DongHu Road 115, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Yu Wu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, DongHu Road 115, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Xue Zhao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, DongHu Road 115, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Yu Meng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, DongHu Road 115, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Zhangdong He
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, DongHu Road 115, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Chunhong Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, DongHu Road 115, Wuhan 430071, China.
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18
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Aly HA, Hassan MH. Potential testicular toxicity of gentamicin in adult rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 497:362-367. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.02.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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19
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Sidorkiewicz I, Zaręba K, Wołczyński S, Czerniecki J. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals-Mechanisms of action on male reproductive system. Toxicol Ind Health 2017; 33:601-609. [PMID: 28464759 DOI: 10.1177/0748233717695160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous compounds that can cause disturbances in the endocrine system and have multiple harmful effects on health by targeting different organs and systems in the human body. Mass industrial production and widespread use of EDCs have resulted in worldwide contamination. Accumulating evidence suggest that human exposure to EDCs is related to the impairment of male reproductive function and can interrupt other hormonally regulated metabolic processes, particularly if exposure occurs during early development. Investigation of studies absent in previous reviews and meta-analysis of adverse effects of EDCs on functioning of the male reproductive system is the core of this work. Four main modes of action of EDCs on male fertility have been summarized in this review. First, studies describing estrogen- pathway disturbing chemicals are investigated. Second, androgen-signaling pathway alterations and influence on androgen sensitive tissues are examined. Third, evaluation of steroidogenesis dysfunction is discussed by focusing on the steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway, which is targeted by EDCs. Last, the reportedly destructive role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on sperm function is discussed. Spermatogenesis is a remarkably complex process, hence multiple studies point out various dysfunctions depending on the development state at which the exposure occurred. Collected data show the need to account for critical windows of exposure such as fetal, perinatal and pubertal periods as well as effects of mixtures of several compounds in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Sidorkiewicz
- 1 Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Kamil Zaręba
- 1 Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Sławomir Wołczyński
- 1 Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland.,2 Department of Biology and Pathology of Human Reproduction, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jan Czerniecki
- 2 Department of Biology and Pathology of Human Reproduction, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
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20
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Li X, Li H, Jia L, Li X, Rahman N. Oestrogen action and male fertility: experimental and clinical findings. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:3915-30. [PMID: 26160724 PMCID: PMC11113595 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-1981-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A proper balance between androgen and oestrogen is fundamental for normal male reproductive development and function in both animals and humans. This balance is governed by the cytochrome P450 aromatase, which is expressed also under spatio-temporal control. Oestrogen receptors ERα and/or ERβ, together with the membrane-associated G-protein-coupled functional ER (GPER), mediate the effects of oestrogen in the testis. Oestrogen action in male reproduction is more complex than previously predicted. The androgen/oestrogen balance and its regulation in the masculinisation programming window (MPW) during foetal life is the most critical period for the development of the male reproductive system. If this balance is impaired during the MPW, the male reproductive system may be negatively affected. Recent data from genetically modified mice and human infertile patients have shown that oestrogens may promote the engulfment of live Leydig cells by macrophages leading to male infertility. We also discuss recent data on environmental oestrogen exposure in men and rodents, where a rodent-human distinction is crucial and analyse some aspects of male fertility potentially related to impaired oestrogen/androgen balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangdong Li
- State Key Laboratory of the Agro-Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
| | - Haiwen Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Lina Jia
- State Key Laboratory of the Agro-Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiru Li
- Department of General Surgery, The 301th Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Nafis Rahman
- Department of Physiology, Institute F Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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21
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Chen J, Xiao HJ, Qi T, Chen DL, Long HM, Liu SH. Rare earths exposure and male infertility: the injury mechanism study of rare earths on male mice and human sperm. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:2076-2086. [PMID: 25167826 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3499-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The weight; testis/body coefficient; levels of LDH, SDH, SODH, G-6PD, and testosterone; cell cycle; and cell apoptosis of the male mice were influenced after being treated with 200 mg/[kg/day] of rare earths suspension for 3 weeks. The "Raman fingerprints" of the human sperm DNA exposed to 0.040 mg/ml CeCl3 were very different from those of the untreated; the Raman bands at 789 cm(-1) (backbone phosphodiester), PO4 backbone at 1,094 cm(-1), methylene deformation mode at 1,221 cm(-1), methylene deformation mode at 1,485 cm(-1), and amide II at 1,612 cm(-1), of which intensities and shifts were changed, might be the diagnostic biomarkers or potential therapeutic targets. The injury mechanism might be that the rare earths influence the oxidative stress and blood testosterone barrier, tangle the big biomolecule concurrently, which might cause the testicular cells and vascular system disorder and/or dysfunction, and at the same time change the physical and chemical properties of the sperm directly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Department of Infertility and Sexual Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510631, China
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22
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Aly HAA, Hassan MH, El-Beshbishy HA, Alahdal AM, Osman AMM. Dibutyl phthalate induces oxidative stress and impairs spermatogenesis in adult rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2015; 32:1467-1477. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233714566877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Phthalates are abundantly produced plasticizers, and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is the most widely used derivative in various consumer products and medical devices. This study was conducted to further explore the potential testicular toxicity of DBP in adult rats and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Adult male albino rats were treated orally with DBP at doses of 0, 200, 400, or 600 mg/kg/day for 15 consecutive days. Testicular weight, sperm count, and motility were significantly decreased. Treatment with DBP decreased serum follicle-stimulating hormone and testosterone levels and testicular lactate dehydrogenase activity. DBP treatment also decreased serum total antioxidant capacity and the activities of the testicular antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione reductase. Further, DBP treatment provoked degeneration with absence of spermatogenesis and sperms and necrosis in some of seminiferous tubules. These results indicated that oxidative stress and subsequent decrease in testosterone secretion were the potential underlying mechanism of DBP-induced testicular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamdy AA Aly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Memy H Hassan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, El-Madinah El-Munaworah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham A El-Beshbishy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman M Alahdal
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdel-Moneim M Osman
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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23
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Upregulation and nuclear translocation of testicular ghrelin protects differentiating spermatogonia from ionizing radiation injury. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1248. [PMID: 24853426 PMCID: PMC4047875 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Revised: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Proper control of apoptotic signaling is important for maintenance of testicular homeostasis after ionizing radiation (IR). Herein, we challenged the hypothesis that ghrelin, a pleiotropic modulator, is potentially involved in IR-induced germ cell injury. Lower body exposure to 2 Gy of IR induced a notable increase of ghrelin expression in the nuclear of differentiating spermatogonia at defined stages, with an impairment in the Leydig cells (LCs)-expressing ghrelin. Unexpectedly, inhibition of the ghrelin pathway by intraperitoneal injection of a specific GHS-R1α antagonist enhanced spermatogonia elimination by apoptosis during the early recovery following IR, and thereafter resulted in impaired male fertility, suggesting that the anti-apoptotic effects of evoked ghrelin, although transient along testicular IR injury, have a profound influence on the post-injury recovery. In addition, inhibition of ghrelin signaling resulted in a significant increase in the intratesticular testosterone (T) level at the end of 21 days after IR, which should stimulate the spermatogenic recovery from surviving spermatogonia to a certain extent during the late stage. We further demonstrated that the upregulation and nuclear trafficking of ghrelin, elaborately regulated by IR-elicited antioxidant system in spermatogonia, may act through a p53-dependent mechanism. The elicitation of ghrelin expression by IR stress, the regulation of ghrelin expression by IR-induced oxidative stress and the interaction between p53 and ghrelin signaling during IR injury were confirmed in cultured spermatogonia. Hence, our results represent the first evidence in support of a radioprotective role of ghrelin in the differentiating spermatogonia. The acutely, delicate regulation of local-produced ghrelin appears to be a fine-tune mechanism modulating the balance between testicular homeostasis and early IR injury.
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24
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Kim JY, Yi BR, Go RE, Hwang KA, Nam KH, Choi KC. Methoxychlor and triclosan stimulates ovarian cancer growth by regulating cell cycle- and apoptosis-related genes via an estrogen receptor-dependent pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 37:1264-74. [PMID: 24835555 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Methoxychlor and triclosan are emergent or suspected endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Methoxychlor [MXC; 1,1,1-trichlor-2,2-bis (4-methoxyphenyl) ethane] is an organochlorine pesticide that has been primarily used since dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) was banned. In addition, triclosan (TCS) is used as a common component of soaps, deodorants, toothpastes, and other hygiene products at concentrations up to 0.3%. In the present study, the potential impact of MXC and TCS on ovarian cancer cell growth and underlying mechanism(s) was examined following their treatments in BG-1 ovarian cancer cells. As results, MXC and TCS induced BG-1 cell growth via regulating cyclin D1, p21 and Bax genes related with cell cycle and apoptosis. A methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay confirmed that the proliferation of BG-1 ovarian cancer cells was stimulated by MXC (10(-6), 10(-7), 10(-8), and 10(-9)M) or TCS (10(-6), 10(-7), 10(-8), and 10(-9)M). Treatment of BG-1 cells with MXC or TCS resulted in the upregulation of cyclin D1 and downregulation of p21 and Bax transcriptions. In addition, the protein level of cyclin D1 was increased by MXC or TCS while p21 and Bax protein levels appeared to be reduced in these cells. Furthermore, MXC- or TCS-induced alterations of these genes were reversed in the presence of ICI 182,780 (10(-7)M), suggesting that the changes in these gene expressions may be regulated by an ER-dependent signaling pathway. In conclusion, the results of our investigation indicate that two potential EDCs, MXC and TCS, may stimulate ovarian cancer growth by regulating cell cycle- and apoptosis-related genes via an ER-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Young Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Rim Yi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Ryeo-Eun Go
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-A Hwang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hoan Nam
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
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