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Fruh V, Wesselink AK, Schildroth S, Bethea TN, Geller RJ, Calafat AM, Coull BA, Wegienka G, Harmon QE, Baird DD, Wise LA, Claus Henn B. Non-persistent endocrine disrupting chemical mixtures and uterine leiomyomata in the study of environment, lifestyle and fibroids (SELF). CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 357:142050. [PMID: 38631496 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Results of studies investigating associations between individual endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and incidence of uterine leiomyomata (UL), a hormone-dependent gynecological condition, have been inconsistent. However, few studies have evaluated simultaneous exposure to a mixture of EDCs with UL incidence. METHODS We conducted a case-cohort analysis (n = 708) of data from the Study of the Environment, Lifestyle and Fibroids (SELF), a prospective cohort study. Participants were aged 23-35 years at enrollment, had an intact uterus, and identified as Black or African American. We measured biomarker concentrations of 21 non-persistent EDCs, including phthalates, phenols, parabens, and triclocarban, in urine collected at baseline, 20-month, and 40-month clinic visits. We ascertained UL incidence and characteristics using ultrasounds at baseline and approximately every 20 months through 60 months. We used probit Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR-P) to evaluate joint associations between EDC mixtures with cumulative UL incidence. We estimated the mean difference in the probit of UL incidence over the study period, adjusting for baseline age, education, years since last birth, parity, smoking status and body mass index. We converted probit estimates to odds ratios for ease of interpretation. RESULTS We observed that urinary concentrations of the overall EDC mixture were inversely associated with UL incidence in the overall mixtures model, with the strongest inverse associations at the 70th percentile of all biomarkers compared with their 50th percentile (odds ratio = 0.59; 95% confidence interval: 0.36, 0.96). Strongest contributors to the joint association for the mixture were bisphenol S (BPS), ethyl paraben (EPB), bisphenol F (BPF) and mono (2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP), which each demonstrated inverse associations except for MECPP. There was suggestive evidence of an interaction between MECPP and EPB. CONCLUSION In this prospective ultrasound study, we observed evidence of an inverse association between the overall mixture of urinary biomarker concentrations of non-persistent EDCs with UL incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Fruh
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Amelia K Wesselink
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samantha Schildroth
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Traci N Bethea
- Office of Minority Health and Health Disparities Research, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ruth J Geller
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Brent A Coull
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ganesa Wegienka
- Henry Ford Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Quaker E Harmon
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Epidemiology Branch, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Donna D Baird
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Epidemiology Branch, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Lauren A Wise
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Birgit Claus Henn
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Zeldin J, Sandler DP, Ogunsina K, O’Brien KM. Association of Fibroids, Endometriosis, and Gynecologic Surgeries with Breast Cancer Incidence and Hormone Receptor Subtypes. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024; 33:576-585. [PMID: 38260971 PMCID: PMC10990796 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-23-1014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibroids and endometriosis are sex hormone-mediated and exhibit cancer-like behavior. Breast cancer may be more common in women who have had these conditions, but the literature is conflicting and does not always address factors like hysterectomy/oophorectomy status, race/ethnicity, menopause, and hormone receptor subtypes. METHODS Data are from the Sister Study, a cohort of 50,884 U.S. women enrolled in 2003 to 2009 and followed through 2020. Cox proportional hazards models with time-varying exposures and covariates assessed the relationship of fibroids or endometriosis with breast cancer. Logistic regression examined the association with estrogen receptor (ER) status among cases. RESULTS Fibroids (19,932 cases) were positively associated with breast cancer [fully adjusted HR: 1.07; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-1.14], notably among Black participants (HR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.07-1.69) and women who had a hysterectomy (HR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.05-1.31). Endometriosis (3,970 cases) was not associated with breast cancer (HR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.91-1.08). Among 4,419 breast cancer cases, fibroids were positively associated with ER+ subtypes (OR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.10-1.65), while endometriosis was negatively associated with ER+ subtypes (OR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.61-1.01). CONCLUSIONS We observed a modest positive association between fibroids and breast cancer, particularly ER+ breast cancer. No relationship with endometriosis and breast cancer incidence was found. IMPACT Fibroids, even in those with a family history of breast cancer, might modify breast cancer risk stratification tools. Future studies should further assess this link and interrogate shared risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Zeldin
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Dale P. Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Kemi Ogunsina
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Katie M. O’Brien
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
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Yang S, Yang S, Luo A. Phthalates and uterine disorders. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2024; 0:reveh-2023-0159. [PMID: 38452364 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2023-0159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Humans are ubiquitously exposed to environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals such as phthalates. Phthalates can migrate out of products and enter the human body through ingestion, inhalation, or dermal application, can have potential estrogenic/antiestrogenic and/or androgenic/antiandrogenic activity, and are involved in many diseases. As a female reproductive organ that is regulated by hormones such as estrogen, progesterone and androgen, the uterus can develop several disorders such as leiomyoma, endometriosis and abnormal bleeding. In this review, we summarize the hormone-like activities of phthalates, in vitro studies of endometrial cells exposed to phthalates, epigenetic modifications in the uterus induced by phthalate exposure, and associations between phthalate exposure and uterine disorders such as leiomyoma and endometriosis. Moreover, we also discuss the current research gaps in understanding the relationship between phthalate exposure and uterine disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhong Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 10487 National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhao Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 10487 National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiyue Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 10487 National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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Brennan E, Butler AE, Nandakumar M, Thompson K, Sathyapalan T, Atkin SL. Relationship between endocrine disrupting chemicals (phthalate metabolites, triclosan and bisphenols) and vitamin D in female subjects: An exploratory pilot study. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140894. [PMID: 38070612 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence suggests that endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), commonly used in plastics and personal care products, may be associated with reduced levels of vitamin D. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between phthalate metabolites, 5-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol (triclosan; TCS) and bisphenols (BPs) with vitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) and active 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), and their relationship to calcium homeostasis. METHODS 57 female participants (age 31.8 ± 4.6 years; BMI 25.6 ± 3.7 kg/m2) were analyzed for urinary levels of phthalate metabolites, TCS and BPs, and serum levels of 25(OH)D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3, determined by isotope-dilution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Serum calcium/calmodulin-dependent (CaM) associated proteins were determined by Slow Off-rate Modified Aptamer (SOMA)-scan. RESULTS In the study cohort, 25(OH)D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 levels were 22.9 ± 11.2 ng/mL and 0.05 ± 0.02 ng/mL, respectively: mono-3-carboxypropyl-phthalate (MCPP) correlated negatively with 25(OH)D3 (ρ = -0.53, p = 0.01). 28 of the 57 women recruited were 25(OH)D3 deficient, <20 ng/mL (50 nmol/L): in this group, mono-iso-butylphthalate (MiBP) and mono-butylphthalate (MBP) negatively correlated with 25(OH)D3; (ρ = -0.47, p = 0.049) and (ρ = -0.64, p = 0.005), respectively. EDCs did not correlate with 1,25(OH)2D3, measures of renal function or CaM proteins. CONCLUSION These putative data indicate that MCPP is related to 25(OH)D3, while MiBP and MBP were related to vitamin D deficiency; however, no correlations were observed with TCS and BPs. No phthalate metabolites correlated with 1,25(OH)2D3, CaM associated proteins or renal function, suggesting that effects occur earlier in the vitamin D pathway and not through modulation of cellular calcium flux. The observed correlations are surprisingly strong compared to other predictors of 25(OH)D3, and larger studies adjusting for potential confounders are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwina Brennan
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland-Medical University of Bahrain, Busaiteen, Bahrain.
| | - Alexandra E Butler
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland-Medical University of Bahrain, Busaiteen, Bahrain.
| | - Manjula Nandakumar
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland-Medical University of Bahrain, Busaiteen, Bahrain.
| | - Kristie Thompson
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia.
| | | | - Stephen L Atkin
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland-Medical University of Bahrain, Busaiteen, Bahrain.
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Kang J, Cho SY, Yoon S. Relationship between the use of plastics in refrigerator food storage and urine phthalate metabolites: the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) cycle 3. Ann Occup Environ Med 2023; 35:e53. [PMID: 38274361 PMCID: PMC10808087 DOI: 10.35371/aoem.2023.35.e53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Plastics are high-molecular-weight materials composed of long carbon chains. They are prevalent in daily life, present in various items such as food containers and microwavable packaging. Phthalates, an additive used to enhance their flexibility, are endocrine-disrupting chemicals. We utilized the data from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) cycle 3, representing the general South Korean population, to investigate the relationship between the use of plastics in refrigerator food storage and phthalate exposure. Methods We assessed 3,333 adult participants (aged ≥ 19 years) including 1,526 men and 1,807 women, using data from KoNEHS cycle 3. Using the 75th percentile concentration, urine phthalate metabolites were categorized into high and low-concentration groups. χ2 test was conducted to analyze variations in the distribution of each variable, considering sociodemographic factors, health-related factors, food intake, the use of plastics, and the concentration of urine phthalate metabolites as the variables. To calculate odds ratios (ORs) for the high-concentration group of urine phthalate metabolites based on the use of plastics in refrigerator food storage, logistic regression analysis was conducted. Results In men, the use of plastics in refrigerator food storage had significantly higher adjusted ORs compared to those using the others. The adjusted ORs were calculated as follows: mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) had an OR of 1.35 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05-1.72), mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP) had an OR of 1.48 (95% CI: 1.16-1.88), mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP) had an OR of 1.32 (95% CI: 1.04-1.66), ∑di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (∑DEHP) had an OR of 1.37 (95% CI: 1.08-1.74) and mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) had an OR of 1.44 (95% CI: 1.13-1.84). Conclusion The concentrations of urine phthalate metabolites (MEHHP, MEOHP, MECPP, ∑DEHP, and MnBP) were significantly higher in men who used plastics in refrigerator food storage compared to those using the others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisoo Kang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Gumi Hospital, Gumi, Korea
| | - Seong-yong Cho
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Gumi Hospital, Gumi, Korea
| | - Seongyong Yoon
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Gumi Hospital, Gumi, Korea
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Peng S, Dong S, Gong C, Chen X, Du H, Zhan Y, Yang Z. Evidence-based identification of breast cancer and associated ovarian and uterus cancer risk components in source waters from high incidence area in the Pearl River Basin, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166060. [PMID: 37543346 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and uterus cancer are among the most common female cancers. They are suspected to associate with exposures to specific environmental pollutants, which remain unidentified in source waters. In this work, we focused on the Pearl River Basin region in China, which experienced a high incidence of breast, ovarian, and uterus cancers. Combining cancer patient data, mammalian cell cytotoxicity analyses, and exhaustive historical and current chemical assessments, we for the first time identified source water components that promoted proliferation of mammalian cells, and confirmed their association with these female cancers via the estrogen receptor mediated pathway. Therefore, the components that have previously been found to enhance the proliferation of estrogen receptor-containing cells through endocrine disruption could be the crucial factor. Based on this, components that matched with this toxicological characteristic (i.e., estrogen-like effect) were further identified in source waters, including (1) organic components: phthalates, bisphenol A, nonylphenols, and per-/polyfluoroalkyls; (2) inorganic components: Sb, Co, As, and nitrate. Moreover, these identified water components were present at levels comparable to other regions with high female cancer prevalence, suggesting that the potential risk of these components may not be exclusive to the study region. Together, multiple levels of evidence suggested that long-term co-exposures to source water estrogenic components may be important to the development of breast, ovarian, and uterus cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhan Peng
- School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Water Security Regulation and Control for Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Water Security in Southern China of Guangdong High Education Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Shengkun Dong
- School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Water Security Regulation and Control for Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Water Security in Southern China of Guangdong High Education Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Chang Gong
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Water Security Regulation and Control for Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Water Security in Southern China of Guangdong High Education Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Hongyu Du
- School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yuehao Zhan
- School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhifeng Yang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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Yuk JS, Yang SW, Yoon SH, Kim MH, Seo YS, Lee Y, Joo Y, Kim J, Yoon SY, Cho H, Yang K, Gwak G. Association between breast diseases and symptomatic uterine fibroids by using South Korean National Health Insurance database. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16772. [PMID: 37798304 PMCID: PMC10555995 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43443-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Both the uterus and breasts have sex hormone dependence, yet there are few studies on the association between breast disease and uterine fibroids (UFs). The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of benign breast disease (BBD), carcinoma in situ (CIS), and breast cancer (BC) in women treated for UFs compared to women who were not treated for UFs. This retrospective cohort study used national health insurance data from January 1st, 2011, to December 31st, 2020. We selected women between 20 and 50 years old who (1) were treated for UFs (UF group) or (2) visited medical institutions for personal health screening tests without UFs (control group). We analyzed independent variables such as age, socioeconomic status (SES), region, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), delivery status, menopausal status, menopausal hormone therapy (MHT), endometriosis, hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM), and dyslipidemia based on the first date of uterine myomectomy in the UF group and the first visiting date for health screening in the non-UF group. There were 190,583 and 439,940 participants in the UF and control groups, respectively. Compared with those of the control group, the RRs of BBD, CIS, and BC were increased in the UF group. The hazard ratios (HRs) of BBD, CIS, and BC in the UF group were 1.335 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.299-1.372), 1.796 (95% CI 1.542-2.092), and 1.3 (95% CI 1.198-1.41), respectively. When we analyzed the risk of BC according to age at inclusion, UFs group had the increased risk of BCs in all age groups in comparison with control group. Women with low SES (HR 0.514, 95% CI 0.36-0.734) and living in rural areas (HR 0.889, 95% CI 0.822-0.962) had a lower risk of BC. Our study showed that women with UFs had a higher risk of BBD, CIS, and BC than those without UFs. This result suggests that women with UFs should be more conscious of BC than those without UFs. Therefore, doctors should consider recommending regular breast self-exams, mammography, or ultrasound for the early detection of BC in women with UFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Sung Yuk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sanggye Paik Hospital, School of Medicine, Inje University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sanggye Paik Hospital, School of Medicine, Inje University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hee Yoon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sanggye Paik Hospital, School of Medicine, Inje University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Hwan Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sanggye Paik Hospital, School of Medicine, Inje University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Soo Seo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sanggye Paik Hospital, School of Medicine, Inje University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Lee
- Department of Surgery, Sanggye Paik Hospital, School of Medicine, Inje University, 1342, Dongil-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01757, Republic of Korea
| | - Yilseok Joo
- Department of Surgery, Sanggye Paik Hospital, School of Medicine, Inje University, 1342, Dongil-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01757, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungbin Kim
- Department of Surgery, Sanggye Paik Hospital, School of Medicine, Inje University, 1342, Dongil-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01757, Republic of Korea
| | - Sam-Youl Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Sanggye Paik Hospital, School of Medicine, Inje University, 1342, Dongil-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01757, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjin Cho
- Department of Surgery, Sanggye Paik Hospital, School of Medicine, Inje University, 1342, Dongil-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01757, Republic of Korea
| | - Keunho Yang
- Department of Surgery, Sanggye Paik Hospital, School of Medicine, Inje University, 1342, Dongil-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01757, Republic of Korea
| | - Geumhee Gwak
- Department of Surgery, Sanggye Paik Hospital, School of Medicine, Inje University, 1342, Dongil-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01757, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang M, Liu C, Yuan XQ, Cui FP, Miao Y, Yao W, Qin DY, Deng YL, Chen PP, Zeng JY, Liu XY, Wu Y, Li CR, Lu WQ, Li YF, Zeng Q. Oxidatively generated DNA damage mediates the associations of exposure to phthalates with uterine fibroids and endometriosis: Findings from TREE cohort. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 205:69-76. [PMID: 37279842 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies on phthalate exposures in associations with uterine fibroids (UF) and endometriosis (EMT) are inconsistent. The underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. OBJECTIVES To investigate the relationships of urinary phthalate metabolites with UF and EMT risks, and further to examine the mediating role of oxidative stress. METHODS This study included 83 and 47 women separately diagnosed with UF and EMT, as well as 226 controls from the Tongji Reproductive and Environmental (TREE) cohort. Two spot urine samples from each woman were analyzed for two oxidative stress indicators and eight urinary phthalate metabolites. Unconditional logistic regression models or multivariate regression models were fitted to evaluate the associations among phthalate exposures, oxidative stress indicators, and the risks of UF and EMT. The potential mediating role of oxidative stress was estimated by the mediation analyses. RESULTS We observed that each ln-unit increase in urinary mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP) concentrations was associated with increased UF risk [adjusted OR (aOR): 1.56, 95% CI: 1.20, 2.02], and that each ln-unit increase in urinary MBzP (aOR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.99), mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP) (aOR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.19, 2.82), and mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) (aOR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.19, 2.31) concentrations were associated with increased EMT risk (all FDR-adjusted P < 0.05). Moreover, we observed that all tested urinary phthalate metabolites were positively associated with two oxidative stress indicators [4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-mercapturic acid (4-HNE-MA) and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)], in which 8-OHdG was associated with increased risks of UF and EMT (all FDR-adjusted P < 0.05). The mediation analyses showed that 8-OHdG mediated the positive relationships of MBzP with UF risk, and of MiBP, MBzP, and MEHP with EMT risk, with the estimated intermediary proportion ranging from 32.7% to 48.1%. CONCLUSIONS Oxidatively generated DNA damage may mediate the positive associations of certain phthalate exposures with the risks of UF and EMT. However, further investigation is warranted to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xiao-Qiong Yuan
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Fei-Peng Cui
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yu Miao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Wen Yao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Dan-Yu Qin
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yan-Ling Deng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Pan-Pan Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jia-Yue Zeng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ying Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Cheng-Ru Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Wen-Qing Lu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yu-Feng Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
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9
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Di D, Zhang R, Zhou H, Wei M, Cui Y, Zhang J, Yuan T, Liu Q, Zhou T, Liu J, Wang Q. Exposure to phenols, chlorophenol pesticides, phthalate and PAHs and mortality risk: A prospective study based on 6 rounds of NHANES. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 329:138650. [PMID: 37037349 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Human exposure to various endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is widespread and long-lasting. The primary objective of this study was to prospectively evaluate the association of combined exposure of phenols, chlorophenol pesticides, phthalate and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and mortality risk in a representative US population. METHODS The data on urinary levels of phenols, chlorophenol pesticides, phthalates, and PAH metabolites, were collected from participants aged ≥20 years in six rounds of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2003-2014). NHANES-linked death records up to December 31, 2015 were used to ascertain mortality status and cause of death. Cox proportional hazards and competing risk models were mainly used for chemical and mortality risk association analysis. The weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression were employed to estimate the association between EDC co-exposure and mortality risk. RESULTS High levels of mono-n-butyl phthalate, monobenzyl phthalate, and 1-napthol were significantly associated with increased risk of all cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer mortality among all participants. WQS index was associated with the risks of all-cause (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.389, 95%CI: 1.155-1.669) and CVD mortality (HR = 1.925, 95%CI: 1.152-3.216). High co-exposure scores were associated with elevated all-cause (HR = 2.842, 95% CI: 1.2.094-3.858), CVD (HR = 1.855, 95% CI: 1.525-2.255), and cancer mortality risks (HR = 2.961, 95% CI: 1.468-5.972). The results of subgroup analysis, competing risk model, and sensitivity analysis were generally consistent with the findings from the main analyses, indicating the robustness of our findings. CONCLUSIONS This study provided the first epidemiological evidence that co-exposure to EDC at fairly low levels contributed to elevated mortality risk among US adults. The underlying mechanisms for the effects of EDC co-exposure on human health are worthy of future exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Di
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ruyi Zhang
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Haolong Zhou
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Muhong Wei
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yuan Cui
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jianli Zhang
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Tingting Yuan
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qian Liu
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Junan Liu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qi Wang
- MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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10
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Milanović M, Milošević N, Milić N, Stojanoska MM, Petri E, Filipović JM. Food contaminants and potential risk of diabetes development: A narrative review. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:705-723. [PMID: 37383596 PMCID: PMC10294057 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i6.705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of people diagnosed with diabetes continues to increase, especially among younger populations. Apart from genetic predisposition and lifestyle, there is increasing scientific and public concern that environmental agents may also contribute to diabetes. Food contamination by chemical substances that originate from packaging materials, or are the result of chemical reactions during food processing, is generally recognized as a worldwide problem with potential health hazards. Phthalates, bisphenol A (BPA) and acrylamide (AA) have been the focus of attention in recent years, due to the numerous adverse health effects associated with their exposure. This paper summarizes the available data about the association between phthalates, BPA and AA exposure and diabetes. Although their mechanism of action has not been fully clarified, in vitro, in vivo and epidemiological studies have made significant progress toward identifying the potential roles of phthalates, BPA and AA in diabetes development and progression. These chemicals interfere with multiple signaling pathways involved in glucose and lipid homeostasis and can aggravate the symptoms of diabetes. Especially concerning are the effects of exposure during early stages and the gestational period. Well-designed prospective studies are needed in order to better establish prevention strategies against the harmful effects of these food contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Milanović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia
| | - Nataša Milošević
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia
| | - Nataša Milić
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia
| | - Milica Medić Stojanoska
- Faculty of Medicine, Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Clinical Center of Vojvodina, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia
| | - Edward Petri
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia
| | - Jelena Marković Filipović
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia
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11
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Weng X, Zhu Q, Liao C, Jiang G. Cumulative Exposure to Phthalates and Their Alternatives and Associated Female Reproductive Health: Body Burdens, Adverse Outcomes, and Underlying Mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 37196176 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c00823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The global birth rate has recently shown a decreasing trend, and exposure to environmental pollutants has been identified as a potential factor affecting female reproductive health. Phthalates have been widely used as plasticizers in plastic containers, children's toys, and medical devices, and their ubiquitous presence and endocrine-disrupting potential have already raised particular concerns. Phthalate exposure has been linked to various adverse health outcomes, including reproductive diseases. Given that many phthalates are gradually being banned, a growing number of phthalate alternatives are becoming popular, such as di(isononyl) cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH), di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA), and di(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (DEHTP), and they are beginning to have a wide range of environmental effects. Studies have shown that many phthalate alternatives may disrupt female reproductive function by altering the estrous cycle, causing ovarian follicular atresia, and prolonging the gestational cycle, which raises growing concerns about their potential health risks. Herein, we summarize the effects of phthalates and their common alternatives in different female models, the exposure levels that influence the reproductive system, and the effects on female reproductive impairment, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and offspring development. Additionally, we scrutinize the effects of phthalates and their alternatives on hormone signaling, oxidative stress, and intracellular signaling to explore the underlying mechanisms of action on female reproductive health, because these chemicals may affect reproductive tissues directly or indirectly through endocrine disruption. Given the declining global trends of female reproductive capacity and the potential ability of phthalates and their alternatives to negatively impact female reproductive health, a more comprehensive study is needed to understand their effects on the human body and their underlying mechanisms. These findings may have an important role in improving female reproductive health and in turn decreasing the number of complications during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyu Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunyang Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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12
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Ali M, Bariani MV, Vafaei S, Omran MM, Yang Q, Madueke-Laveaux OS, Al-Hendy A. Prevention of Uterine Fibroids: molecular mechanisms and potential clinical application. JOURNAL OF ENDOMETRIOSIS AND UTERINE DISORDERS 2023; 1:100018. [PMID: 37637856 PMCID: PMC10451784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeud.2023.100018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Uterine fibroids (UFs; leiomyoma) are the most common benign neoplastic threat to women worldwide, exacting an immense personal burden on female health and a monetary expense to the healthcare system estimated in the hundreds of billions of dollars every year globally. With no long-term non-invasive treatment option currently available to treat UFs, deeper insights regarding tumor etiology are the key for developing newer therapies. Accordingly, in this review, we discuss new mechanistic paradigm to explain UF tumor development through an exquisite model involving developmental reprogramming of myometrial stem cells due to early life endocrine disruptors exposure, inflammation, fibrosis, DNA damage, and eventually tissue stiffness. Further, we propose to utilize shear wave elastography as a potential screening tool for the early identification of women at risk for developing UFs who can benefit from several simple preventive strategies, including the consumption of natural compounds such as vitamin D and green tea as a safe fertility friendly non-hormonal modality to delay or even arrest or reverse UF progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ali
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL 60637, USA Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maria Victoria Bariani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL 60637, USA Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Somayeh Vafaei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL 60637, USA Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Mervat M. Omran
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL 60637, USA Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Qiwei Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL 60637, USA Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Obianuju Sandra Madueke-Laveaux
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL 60637, USA Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL 60637, USA Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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13
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Medellín-Garibay SE, Alcántara-Quintana LE, Rodríguez-Báez AS, Sagahón-Azúa J, Rodríguez-Aguilar M, Hernández Cueto MDLA, Muñoz Medina JE, Milán-Segovia RDC, Flores-Ramírez R. Urinary phthalate metabolite and BPA concentrations in women with cervical cancer. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:21033-21042. [PMID: 36264455 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23654-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollutants are involved in the development and progression of numerous cancers, including cervical cancer (CC). One possible explanation for this is the ability of several pollutants to mimic natural hormones. This study aimed to evaluate the urinary concentrations of monoesters of phthalates and bisphenol A (BPA) in women with CC. A total of 45 women were included: 15 in the control group, 12 with CC diagnosis classified in early stages IA-IIB, and 18 in late stages III-IV. Urine samples were analyzed for BPA, mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP), mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP), monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), and mono 2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a tandem mass detector. The detection rate of environmental pollutants was 100%, with a median concentration in the control group and early-, and late-stage groups of 10.4, 9.2, 4.3, 38.4, and 12.9 µg L-1; 3.1, 3.1, 151.1, 54.5, and 30.4 µg L-1 and 1.9, 92.8, 3.6, 31.0, and 9.3 µg L-1 for BPA, MEHP, MBzP, MBP, and MiBP, respectively This study reveals high levels of phthalates, particularly MEHP, in urine samples of women with CC associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Further studies are needed to evaluate the possible role of phthalates in synergy with HPV in progression to CC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luz Eugenia Alcántara-Quintana
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | | | - Julia Sagahón-Azúa
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - Maribel Rodríguez-Aguilar
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Quintana Roo, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México
| | | | - José Esteban Muñoz Medina
- Laboratorio Central de Epidemiología, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Rogelio Flores-Ramírez
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi, Mexico.
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14
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Zhang J, Zhao C, Hu T, Yang J, Wu Q, Wang C, Dong S. The role of PI3K/AKT-related proteins in di(2-ethyl)hexylphthalate-induced BG-1 and MCF-7 cell proliferation, and inhibition by metformin. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2022; 45:378-385. [DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2022.2151915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiatai Zhang
- Department of Environmental Hygiene, Public Health Collage, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chenyang Zhao
- Department of Environmental Hygiene, Public Health Collage, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tengteng Hu
- Department of Environmental Hygiene, Public Health Collage, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jipeng Yang
- Department of Environmental Hygiene, Public Health Collage, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Environmental Hygiene, Public Health Collage, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Environmental Hygiene, Public Health Collage, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuying Dong
- Department of Environmental Hygiene, Public Health Collage, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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15
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Segovia-Mendoza M, Palacios-Arreola MI, Monroy-Escamilla LM, Soto-Piña AE, Nava-Castro KE, Becerril-Alarcón Y, Camacho-Beiza R, Aguirre-Quezada DE, Cardoso-Peña E, Amador-Muñoz O, Garduño-García JDJ, Morales-Montor J. Association of Serum Levels of Plasticizers Compounds, Phthalates and Bisphenols, in Patients and Survivors of Breast Cancer: A Real Connection? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19138040. [PMID: 35805702 PMCID: PMC9265398 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19138040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates and bisphenols are ubiquitous environmental pollutants with the ability to perturb different systems. Specifically, they can alter the endocrine system, and this is why they are also known as endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs). Interestingly, they are related to the development and progression of breast cancer (BC), but the threshold concentrations at which they trigger that are not well established. Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the concentration measures of parent EDCs in three groups of women (without BC, with BC, and BC survivors) from two urban populations in Mexico, to establish a possible association between EDCs and this disease. We consider the measure of the parent compounds would reflect the individual’s exposure. Methods: The levels of di-ethyl-hexyl-phthalate (DEHP), butyl-benzyl-phthalate (BBP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) and di-ethyl-phthalate (DEP), bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol S (BPS) were determined by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry in 102 subjects, including 37 women without any pathological disease, 46 patients with BC and 19 women survivals of BC of Mexico and Toluca City. Results: All phthalates were detected in 100% of women, two of them were significantly higher in patients with different BC subtypes in Mexico City. Differential increases were observed mainly in the serum concentration of phthalates in women with BC compared to women without disease between Mexico and Toluca City. In addition, when performing an analysis of the concentrations of phthalates by molecular type of BC, DEP and BBP were found mainly in aggressive and poorly differentiated types of BC. It should be noted that female BC survivors treated with anti-hormonal therapy showed lower levels of BBP than patients with BC. BPA and BPS were found in most samples from Mexico City. However, BPS was undetectable in women from Toluca City. Discussion: The results of our study support the hypothesis of a positive association between exposure to phthalates and BC incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Segovia-Mendoza
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico
- Correspondence: (M.S.-M.); (J.M.-M.)
| | - Margarita Isabel Palacios-Arreola
- Grupo de Especiación Química de Aerosoles Orgánicos Atmosféricos, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico; (M.I.P.-A.); (O.A.-M.)
| | | | - Alexandra Estela Soto-Piña
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50000, Mexico; (A.E.S.-P.); (Y.B.-A.); (R.C.-B.); (E.C.-P.); (J.d.J.G.-G.)
| | - Karen Elizabeth Nava-Castro
- Grupo de Biología y Química Ambientales, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico;
| | - Yizel Becerril-Alarcón
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50000, Mexico; (A.E.S.-P.); (Y.B.-A.); (R.C.-B.); (E.C.-P.); (J.d.J.G.-G.)
| | - Roberto Camacho-Beiza
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50000, Mexico; (A.E.S.-P.); (Y.B.-A.); (R.C.-B.); (E.C.-P.); (J.d.J.G.-G.)
- Unidad Médica Especializada para la Detección y Diagnóstico de Cáncer de Mama, Instituto de Salud del Estado de México, Toluca 51760, Mexico;
| | - David Eduardo Aguirre-Quezada
- Unidad Médica Especializada para la Detección y Diagnóstico de Cáncer de Mama, Instituto de Salud del Estado de México, Toluca 51760, Mexico;
| | - Elías Cardoso-Peña
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50000, Mexico; (A.E.S.-P.); (Y.B.-A.); (R.C.-B.); (E.C.-P.); (J.d.J.G.-G.)
- Unidad de Medicina Familiar 220, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Toluca 50070, Mexico
| | - Omar Amador-Muñoz
- Grupo de Especiación Química de Aerosoles Orgánicos Atmosféricos, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico; (M.I.P.-A.); (O.A.-M.)
| | - José de Jesús Garduño-García
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50000, Mexico; (A.E.S.-P.); (Y.B.-A.); (R.C.-B.); (E.C.-P.); (J.d.J.G.-G.)
- Hospital Regional 251, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Toluca 50070, Mexico
| | - Jorge Morales-Montor
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico
- Correspondence: (M.S.-M.); (J.M.-M.)
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16
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Gonsioroski AV, Aquino AM, Alonso-Costa LG, Barbisan LF, Scarano WR, Flaws JA. Multigenerational Effects of an Environmentally Relevant Phthalate Mixture on Reproductive Parameters and Ovarian miRNA Expression in Female Rats. Toxicol Sci 2022; 189:91-106. [PMID: 35762964 PMCID: PMC9801715 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Phthalates are endocrine-disrupting chemicals used in many consumer products. Our laboratory previously developed an environmentally relevant phthalate mixture consisting of 6 phthalates and found that it disrupted female fertility in mice. However, it was unknown if maternal exposure to the mixture affects reproductive parameters and ovarian post-transcription in the F1 and F2 generation of female rats. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that maternal exposure to the phthalate mixture affects folliculogenesis, steroidogenesis, and ovarian microRNA (miRNA) in the F1 and F2 generations of female rats. Pregnant female rats were divided into 4 groups and orally dosed daily from gestational day 10 to postnatal day 21 with corn oil (control group), 20 μg/kg/day, 200 μg/kg/day, or 200 mg/kg/day of the phthalate mixture. Maternal exposure to the phthalate mixture impaired folliculogenesis in the F1 and F2 generations of female rats and affected steroidogenesis in the F1 generation of female rats compared to control. Further, the phthalate mixture altered ovarian expression of some genes related to the cell cycle and steroidogenesis compared to control in the F1 and F2 generations of female rats. The mixture also increased ovarian expression of rno-mir-184 that is involved with the oocyte maturation process. Collectively, our data show that maternal exposure to the phthalate mixture affects folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis in the F1 and F2 generations of female rats and alters ovarian miRNA expression in the F1 generation of female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luiz G Alonso-Costa
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Luis F Barbisan
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Wellerson R Scarano
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, 2001 S. Lincoln Avenue, Urbana, IL 61802, USA. E-mail:
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Liu T, He L, Peng J, Chen M, Zhang L, Chen J, Gan J. Occurrence and dietary exposure risk assessment of phthalate esters in Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis) from Hubei, central China. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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18
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Basso CG, de Araujo-Ramos AT, Martino-Andrade AJ. Exposure to phthalates and female reproductive health: a literature review. Reprod Toxicol 2022; 109:61-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Midlife Urinary Phthalate Metabolite Concentrations and Prior Uterine Fibroid Diagnosis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052741. [PMID: 35270433 PMCID: PMC8910544 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Fibroid etiology is poorly understood but is likely hormonally mediated. Therefore, we evaluated associations between midlife phthalates (hormone-altering chemicals) and prior fibroid diagnosis, and considered differences by weight gain status. Women (ages: 45−54; n = 754) self-reported past fibroid diagnosis. We pooled 1−4 urines collected after fibroid diagnosis over the consecutive weeks to analyze nine phthalate metabolites and calculate relevant molar sums (e.g., di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, ΣDEHP; anti-androgenic phthalates, ΣAA; all metabolites, ΣPhthalates). Using Poisson regression, we evaluated associations between phthalate biomarkers and the risk of having fibroid diagnosis. We explored if associations differed by weight gain from age 18 to 45−54 or in women diagnosed with fibroids within 5 years of phthalate assessment. Our major finding was that women had a 13% (RR: 1.13; 95%CI: 1.02, 1.26) and 16% (RR: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.31) greater risk of prior fibroid diagnosis for each two-fold increase in ΣDEHP or ΣAA, respectively. These associations were strongest in women who became overweight/obese from age 18 to 45−54 and in those diagnosed <5 years before phthalate assessment. Based on these results, prospective studies should corroborate our findings related to associations between phthalates and fibroids, and may consider evaluating the role that weight gain may play in these associations.
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Eales J, Bethel A, Galloway T, Hopkinson P, Morrissey K, Short RE, Garside R. Human health impacts of exposure to phthalate plasticizers: An overview of reviews. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 158:106903. [PMID: 34601394 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this review of reviews, we overview the current global body of available evidence from structured reviews of epidemiological studies that explore human health outcomes associated with exposure to phthalates (chemical plasticisers commonly found in plastics). We found robust evidence for an association with lower semen quality, neurodevelopment and risk of childhood asthma, and moderate to robust evidence for impact on anogenital distance in boys. We identified moderate evidence for an association between phthalates/metabolites and low birthweight, endometriosis, decreased testosterone, ADHD, Type 2 diabetes and breast/uterine cancer. There was some evidence for other outcomes including anofourchette distance, fetal sex hormones, pre-term birth, lower antral follicle count, reduced oestrodiol, autism, obesity, thyroid function and hearing disorders. We found no reviews of epidemiological human studies on the impact of phthalates from recycled plastics on human health. We recommend that future research should use urine samples as exposure measures, consider confounders in analyses and measure impacts on female reproductive systems. Our findings align with emerging research indicating that health risks can occur at exposure levels below the "safe dose" levels set out by regulators, and are of particular concern given potential additive or synergistic "cocktail effects" of chemicals. This raises important policy and regulatory issues for identifying and controlling plastics and health related impacts and highlights a need for more research into substances of concern entering plastics waste streams via recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Eales
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall, UK.
| | - A Bethel
- PenARC, University of Exeter Medical School, St. Luke's Campus, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
| | - T Galloway
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Streatham Campus, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - P Hopkinson
- Exeter Centre for Circular Economy, University of Exeter Business School, Streatham Campus, Exeter, UK
| | - K Morrissey
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall, UK
| | - R E Short
- Stockholm University, Frescativägen, 114 19 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R Garside
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, Cornwall, UK
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21
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DE LA REÉ-RODRÍGUEZ SC, LÓPEZ-SAIZ CM, EZQUERRA-BRAUER JM, SANTACRUZ-ORTEGA HDC, PLASCENCIA-JATOMEA M, HERNÁNDEZ-ZAZUETA MS, SANDOVAL-PETRIS E, MARTINEZ-CRUZ O, YEPIZ-PLASCENCIA G, MEDINA-MENDEZ I. Lipidic compounds from the muscle of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei): chemical structure and effect on the proliferation and morphology of human cancer cell lines. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.86822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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22
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Leng J, Li H, Niu Y, Chen K, Yuan X, Chen H, Fu Z, Zhang L, Wang F, Chen C, Héroux P, Yang J, Zhu X, Lu W, Xia D, Wu Y. Low-dose mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate promotes ovarian cancer development through PPARα-dependent PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 790:147990. [PMID: 34380243 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and its hydrolysate mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) are major toxicants from plastics, but their association with hormone-dependent cancers has been controversial. We treated the human ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV3 and A2780 with low concentrations of DEHP/MEHP, and found that although no significant effect on cell proliferation was observed, ovarian cancer cell migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were promoted by submicromolar MEHP but not DEHP. Next, ovarian cancer patient data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were obtained and subjected to Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) supported enrichment and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses, which identified PI3K/Akt pathway as a pivotal signaling pathway in ovarian cancer. We found that 500 nM MEHP treatment significantly increased PIK3CA expression, which could be reversed by the knockdown of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα). Silencing PIK3CA significantly suppressed the MEHP-induced migration, invasion and EMT. In addition, we validated that MEHP treatment promoted phosphorylation of Akt and degradation of IκB-α, thereby activating NF-κB and enhancing NF-κB nuclear translocation. In nude mice, MEHP exposure significantly promoted the metastasis of ovarian cancer xenografts, which could be suppressed by the treatment of PPARα inhibitor GW6471. Our findings showed that low-dose MEHP promoted ovarian cancer progression through activating PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway, in a PPARα-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Leng
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongyi Li
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Scientific Research Department, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuequn Niu
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kelie Chen
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yuan
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hanwen Chen
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqin Fu
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lihuan Zhang
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaoyi Chen
- Research Unit of Intelligence Classification of Tumor Pathology and Precision Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU042), Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Paul Héroux
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Center for Uterine Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy Research of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinqiang Zhu
- Central Laboratory of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Weiguo Lu
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dajing Xia
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yihua Wu
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Research Unit of Intelligence Classification of Tumor Pathology and Precision Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU042), Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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23
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Su WC, Tsai YC, Chang TK, Yin TC, Tsai HL, Huang CW, Chen YC, Li CC, Chen PJ, Wang JY. Correlations between Urinary Monoethylhexyl Phthalate Concentration in Healthy Individuals, Individuals with Colorectal Adenomas, and Individuals with Colorectal Cancer. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:7127-7136. [PMID: 34082531 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer death in Taiwan. A recent study suggested a link between exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and increased susceptibility to pathology. Exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), an EDC and plasticizer widely used in consumer products, has been reported to be significantly positively correlated with increased risks of various cancers. We explored this connection of DEHP exposure with the development of CRC through the detection of urinary monoethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), a potent metabolite of DEHP. Participants comprised 221 individuals recruited between October 2016 and November 2019 from a single institution. Overall, urinary MEHP concentrations were significantly higher in patients with CRC than in the patients with adenoma or healthy participants (both P < 0.001). Higher exposure to DEHP may contribute to the occurrence of CRC. Urinary MEHP detection may serve as a beneficial noninvasive indicator of increased CRC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chih Su
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Tsai
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Kun Chang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chieh Yin
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Division of General and Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Tatung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Lin Tsai
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wen Huang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Cheng Chen
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chun Li
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jung Chen
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Jaw-Yuan Wang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Cohort Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
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Boyle MD, Kavi LK, Louis LM, Pool W, Sapkota A, Zhu L, Pollack AZ, Thomas S, Rule AM, Quirós-Alcalá L. Occupational Exposures to Phthalates among Black and Latina U.S. Hairdressers Serving an Ethnically Diverse Clientele: A Pilot Study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:8128-8138. [PMID: 34078083 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c00427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hairdressers may be differentially exposed to phthalates through hair salon services provided and products used, yet no U.S. studies have investigated these exposures in this population. We characterized concentrations and exposure determinants to nine phthalate metabolites in postshift urine samples among 23 hairdressers from three Black and three Dominican salons, as well as a comparison group of 17 female office workers from the Maryland/Washington D.C. metropolitan area. Overall, hairdressers had higher metabolite concentrations than office workers. The geometric mean (GM) for monoethyl phthalate (MEP) was 10 times higher in hairdressers (161.4 ng/mL) than office workers (15.3 ng/mL). Hairdressers providing select services and using certain products had higher GM MEP concentrations than those who did not: permanent waves/texturizing (200.2 vs 115.4 ng/mL), chemical straightening/relaxing (181.6 vs 92.1 ng/mL), bleaching (182.3 vs 71.6 ng/mL), permanent hair color (171.9 vs 83.2 ng/mL), and Brazilian blowout/keratin treatments (181.4 vs 134.6 ng/mL). Interestingly, hairdressers providing natural services had lower GM MEP concentrations than those who did not: twists (129.1 vs 215.8 ng/mL), sister locs/locs (86.0 vs 241.9 ng/mL), and afros (94.7 vs 203.9 ng/mL). Larger studies are warranted to confirm our findings and identify disparities in occupational phthalate exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meleah D Boyle
- Maryland Institute of Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Lucy K Kavi
- Maryland Institute of Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Lydia M Louis
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Walkiria Pool
- Centro de Apoyo Familiar, Hyatsville, Maryland 20737, United States
| | - Amir Sapkota
- Maryland Institute of Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Linyan Zhu
- Maryland Institute of Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Anna Z Pollack
- Department of Global and Community Health, College of Health and Human Services, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| | - Stephen Thomas
- Maryland Center for Health Equity, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Ana M Rule
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Lesliam Quirós-Alcalá
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
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25
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Chou CY, Shu KH, Chen HC, Wang MC, Chang CC, Hsu BG, Chen TW, Chen CL, Huang CC. Urine phthalate metabolites are associated with urothelial cancer in chronic kidney disease patients. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 273:127834. [PMID: 33077191 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is one of the most widely used phthalates and is associated with breast cancer. Ths association between DEHP and other types of cancer is not clear. DEHP may increase matrix metalloproteinase-9 that is critical for the development of urothelial cancer (UC). We examined the association between urinary phthalate metabolites and UC. CKD patients were selected as a control group because CKD patients are more at risk of UC than the general population. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we measured seven urinary phthalate metabolites that are abundant and can be measured using HPLC-MS/MS in Taiwan CKD patients between Jul 2013 and Dec 2015. MiBP (a urinary metabolite of Dibutyl phthalates[DBP]) and MEHHP (a urinary metabolite of DEHP) were described because they are the most abundant phthalate metabolites. The association of phthalate (log-transformed) and UC were analyzed using logistic regression with adjustments for age, gender, renal function, use of traditional Chinese medicine, toxins (dye, organic solvent), and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. RESULTS We measured the urinary MEHHP and MiBP of 496 patients (224 UC and 272 CKD patients). The urinary MEHHP was associated with UC but MiBP was not. Medical history including the use of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, exposure to environmental toxins (dye, paint, and organic solvent), and the use of traditional Chinese medicine was independently associated with UC. The adjusted odds ratio of MEHHP was 1.42 (95% confidence interval: 1.21-1.68). CONCLUSION Phthalate urinary metabolite(MEHHP) may be associated with UC in CKD patients and the association is independent of well-known risk factors of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Yi Chou
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University and Hospitals, Taichung, Taiwan; College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Asia University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Post-baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Shu
- Division of Nephrology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chun Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Cheng Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chu Chang
- Division of Nephrology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Chang Hua, Taiwan
| | - Bang-Gee Hsu
- Division of Nephrology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tzen-Wen Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Chiu-Ching Huang
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University and Hospitals, Taichung, Taiwan; College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Martínez-Ibarra A, Martínez-Razo LD, MacDonald-Ramos K, Morales-Pacheco M, Vázquez-Martínez ER, López-López M, Rodríguez Dorantes M, Cerbón M. Multisystemic alterations in humans induced by bisphenol A and phthalates: Experimental, epidemiological and clinical studies reveal the need to change health policies. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 271:116380. [PMID: 33387779 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A vast amount of evidence indicates that bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates are widely distributed in the environment since these compounds are mass-produced for the manufacture of plastics and plasticizers. These compounds belong to a large group of substances termed endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDC). It is well known that humans and living organisms are unavoidably and unintentionally exposed to BPA and phthalates from food packaging materials and many other everyday products. BPA and phthalates exert their effect by interfering with hormone synthesis, bioavailability, and action, thereby altering cellular proliferation and differentiation, tissue development, and the regulation of several physiological processes. In fact, these EDC can alter fetal programming at an epigenetic level, which can be transgenerational transmitted and may be involved in the development of various chronic pathologies later in the adulthood, including metabolic, reproductive and degenerative diseases, and certain types of cancer. In this review, we describe the most recent proposed mechanisms of action of these EDC and offer a compelling selection of experimental, epidemiological and clinical studies, which show evidence of how exposure to these pollutants affects our health during development, and their association with a wide range of reproductive, metabolic and neurological diseases, as well as hormone-related cancers. We stress the importance of concern in the general population and the urgent need for the medical health care system to closely monitor EDC levels in the population due to unavoidable and involuntary exposure to these pollutants and their impact on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Martínez-Ibarra
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Ciudad de México 04960, Mexico; Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de Los Reyes" - Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico
| | - L D Martínez-Razo
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de Los Reyes" - Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico
| | - K MacDonald-Ramos
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de Los Reyes" - Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico
| | - M Morales-Pacheco
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de Los Reyes" - Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico
| | - E R Vázquez-Martínez
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de Los Reyes" - Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico
| | - M López-López
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Ciudad de México 04960, Mexico
| | | | - M Cerbón
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de Los Reyes" - Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico.
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Fruh V, Claus Henn B, Weuve J, Wesselink AK, Orta OR, Heeren T, Hauser R, Calafat AM, Williams PL, Baird DD, Wise LA. Incidence of uterine leiomyoma in relation to urinary concentrations of phthalate and phthalate alternative biomarkers: A prospective ultrasound study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 147:106218. [PMID: 33360166 PMCID: PMC8630749 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies suggest that some phthalates have adverse reproductive effects. However, literature on the association between phthalates and incidence of uterine leiomyomata (UL) is limited and inconsistent, with no existing prospective studies. OBJECTIVES We examined the association of urinary concentrations of phthalate and phthalate alternative biomarkers with UL incidence. METHODS We conducted a case-cohort analysis within a subgroup of 754 participants in the Study of the Environment, Lifestyle, and Fibroids (SELF), a prospective cohort of premenopausal Black women aged 23-35 years who were recruited during 2010-2012. We quantified fourteen phthalates and two phthalate alternative [1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester (DINCH)] biomarkers in urine collected at baseline, 20 months, and 40 months. Transvaginal ultrasounds identified UL at baseline and every 20 months during 60 months of follow-up. We evaluated the individual biomarkers, molar sum of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate [ΣDEHP] and potency-weighted sum of anti-androgenic [WΣAA] biomarkers. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between biomarkers and UL incidence. We then used quantile g-computation to examine joint associations of multiple phthalate biomarkers with UL incidence. RESULTS Most individual biomarkers showed weak-to-moderate inverse associations with UL incidence. HRs comparing highest vs. lowest quartiles of mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP) and mono-hydroxyisobutyl phthalate (MHiBP) concentrations were 0.63 (95% CI: 0.40, 1.01) and 0.61 (95% CI: 0.38, 0.96), respectively. Inverse associations for specific phthalates were stronger among women with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2. HRs comparing detectable vs. nondetectable concentrations of DINCH biomarkers were 0.92 (95% CI: 0.62, 1.35) for cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid mono hydroxyisononyl ester (MHNCH) and 0.68 (95% CI: 0.38, 1.18) for cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid mono carboxyisoocytl ester (MCOCH). For the DEHP metabolite of mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), we observed weak-to-moderate positive associations. HRs comparing highest vs. lowest quartiles for MEHP and ΣDEHP were 1.29 (95% CI: 0.82, 2.06) and 0.96 (95% CI: 0.61, 1.50), respectively. In the mixtures analysis, the HR for a joint quartile increase in phthalate biomarker concentrations was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.73, 1.08). DISCUSSION In this prospective ultrasound study of reproductive-aged Black women, urinary concentrations of phthalate and DINCH biomarkers were not appreciably associated with higher risk of UL, either individually or jointly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Fruh
- Department of Environmental Health, 715 Albany Street, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Birgit Claus Henn
- Department of Environmental Health, 715 Albany Street, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jennifer Weuve
- Department of Epidemiology, 715 Albany Street, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Amelia K Wesselink
- Department of Epidemiology, 715 Albany Street, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Olivia R Orta
- Department of Epidemiology, 715 Albany Street, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Timothy Heeren
- Department of Biostatistics, 715 Albany Street, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Russ Hauser
- Department of Environmental Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Paige L Williams
- Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, 677 Huntington Avenue, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Donna D Baird
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 TW Alexander Drive, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Lauren A Wise
- Department of Epidemiology, 715 Albany Street, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
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Xu J, Wang L, Zhang L, Zheng F, Wang F, Leng J, Wang K, Héroux P, Shen HM, Wu Y, Xia D. Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate drives progression of PINK1-parkin-mediated mitophagy via increasing mitochondrial ROS to exacerbate cytotoxicity. Redox Biol 2020; 38:101776. [PMID: 33161305 PMCID: PMC7649642 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Phthalate ester plasticizers are used to improve the plasticity and strength of plastics. One of the most widely used and studied, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), has been labeled as an endocrine disruptor. The major and toxic metabolic derivative of DEHP, mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), is capable of interfering with mitochondrial function, but its mechanism of action on mitophagy remains elusive. Here, we report that MEHP exacerbates cytotoxicity by amplifying the PINK1-Parkin-mediated mitophagy pathway. First, MEHP exacerbated mitochondrial damage induced by low-dose CCCP via increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and enhanced fragmentation in mitochondria. Second, co-exposure to MEHP and CCCP (“MEHP-CCCP”) induced robust mitophagy. Mechanistically, MEHP-CCCP stabilized PINK1, increased the level of phosphorylated ubiquitin (pSer 65-Ub), and led to Parkin mitochondrial translocation and activation. Third, MEHP-CCCP synergistically caused more cell death, while inhibition of mitophagy, either through chemical or gene silencing, reduced cell death. Finally and importantly, co-treatment with N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) completely counteracted the effects of MEHP-CCCP, suggesting that mitochondrial ROS played a vital role in this process. Our results link mitophagy and MEHP cytotoxicity, providing an insight into the potential roles of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in human diseases such as Parkinson's disease. Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) exacerbates mitochondrial damage induced by low-dose CCCP. Co-exposure to MEHP and CCCP (MEHP-CCCP) induces robust mitophagy in a PINK1-Parkin-dependent pathway. Mitophagy promotes MEHP-CCCP-induced cell death. ROS mediate MEHP-CCCP-induced mitophagy and cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health, And Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, PR China
| | - Liming Wang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lihuan Zhang
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health, And Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health, And Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health, And Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Jianhang Leng
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, PR China
| | - Keyi Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, PR China
| | - Paul Héroux
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Canada
| | - Han-Ming Shen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Yihua Wu
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health, And Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China.
| | - Dajing Xia
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health, And Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China.
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Lee G, Kim S, Bastiaensen M, Malarvannan G, Poma G, Caballero Casero N, Gys C, Covaci A, Lee S, Lim JE, Mok S, Moon HB, Choi G, Choi K. Exposure to organophosphate esters, phthalates, and alternative plasticizers in association with uterine fibroids. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 189:109874. [PMID: 32678732 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals is suggested to be responsible for the development or progression of uterine fibroids. However, little is known about risks related to emerging chemicals, such as organophosphate esters (OPEs) and alternative plasticizers (APs). A case-control study was conducted to investigate whether exposures to OPEs, APs, and phthalates, were associated with uterine fibroids in women of reproductive age. For this purpose, the cases (n = 32) and the matching controls (n = 79) were chosen based on the results of gynecologic ultrasonography among premenopausal adult women in Korea and measured for metabolites of several OPEs, APs, and major phthalates. Logistic regression models were employed to assess the associations between chemical exposure and disease status. Factor analysis was conducted for multiple chemical exposure assessments as a secondary analysis. Among OPE metabolites, diphenyl phosphate (DPHP), 2-ethylhexyl phenyl phosphate (EHPHP), and 1-hydroxy-2-propyl bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BCIPHIPP) were detected in >80% of the subjects. Among APs, metabolites of di-isononyl phthalate (DINP) and di(2-propylheptyl) phthalate (DPrHpP) were detected in >75% of the urine samples. The odds ratios (ORs) of uterine fibroids were significantly higher among the women with higher exposures to tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) and tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP), di(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (DEHTP), DPrHpP, and di-(iso-nonyl)-cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH). In addition, urinary concentrations of mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), a sum of five di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites (∑5DEHP), and mono(4-methyl-7-hydroxyoctyl) phthalate (OH-MINP) were significantly higher in the cases. In factor analysis, a factor heavily loaded with DPrHpP and DEHP was significantly associated with uterine fibroids, supporting the observation from the single chemical regression model. We found for the first time that several metabolites of OPEs and APs are associated with increased risks of uterine fibroids among pre-menopausal women. Further epidemiological and mechanistic studies are warranted to validate the associations observed in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gowoon Lee
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunmi Kim
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Michiel Bastiaensen
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Govindan Malarvannan
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Giulia Poma
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | | | - Celine Gys
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Sunggyu Lee
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Eun Lim
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sori Mok
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Bang Moon
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyuyeon Choi
- College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungho Choi
- School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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30
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Hlisníková H, Petrovičová I, Kolena B, Šidlovská M, Sirotkin A. Effects and Mechanisms of Phthalates' Action on Reproductive Processes and Reproductive Health: A Literature Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E6811. [PMID: 32961939 PMCID: PMC7559247 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The production of plastic products, which requires phthalate plasticizers, has resulted in the problems for human health, especially that of reproductive health. Phthalate exposure can induce reproductive disorders at various regulatory levels. The aim of this review was to compile the evidence concerning the association between phthalates and reproductive diseases, phthalates-induced reproductive disorders, and their possible endocrine and intracellular mechanisms. Phthalates may induce alterations in puberty, the development of testicular dysgenesis syndrome, cancer, and fertility disorders in both males and females. At the hormonal level, phthalates can modify the release of hypothalamic, pituitary, and peripheral hormones. At the intracellular level, phthalates can interfere with nuclear receptors, membrane receptors, intracellular signaling pathways, and modulate gene expression associated with reproduction. To understand and to treat the adverse effects of phthalates on human health, it is essential to expand the current knowledge concerning their mechanism of action in the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrieta Hlisníková
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia; (I.P.); (B.K.); (M.Š.); (A.S.)
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31
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Zota AR, Geller RJ, VanNoy BN, Marfori CQ, Tabbara S, Hu LY, Baccarelli AA, Moawad GN. Phthalate Exposures and MicroRNA Expression in Uterine Fibroids: The FORGE Study. Epigenet Insights 2020; 13:2516865720904057. [PMID: 32128507 PMCID: PMC7031793 DOI: 10.1177/2516865720904057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Phthalates are associated with multiple, adverse reproductive outcomes including increased risk of uterine leiomyoma (fibroids). Phthalates can interact with epigenetic modifications including microRNAs (miRNAs), which help regulate processes crucial to fibroid pathogenesis. However, no prior study has examined the influence of phthalates on miRNA expression in fibroid tumors. We conducted a preliminary, cross-sectional study to examine the associations between phthalate exposures and miRNA expression levels in fibroid tumors and to explore potential effect modification by race/ethnicity. We quantified expression levels of 754 miRNAs in fibroid tumor samples and analyzed spot urine samples for phthalate metabolites collected from 45 pre-menopausal women undergoing surgery for fibroid treatment at an academic hospital. Associations between miRNA levels in fibroids and phthalate biomarkers were evaluated using linear regression adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, and body mass index (BMI). Statistical tests were adjusted for multiple comparisons. We also performed in silico Ingenuity Pathway Analysis to identify the biological pathways that are regulated by phthalate-associated miRNAs. Mono-hydroxybutyl phthalate and mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate were positively associated with miR-10a-5p (β = 0.76, 95% CI = [0.40, 1.11]) and miR-577 (β = 1.06, 95% CI = [0.53, 1.59]), respectively. A total of 8 phthalate-miRNA associations varied by race/ethnicity (qinteraction < 0.10). Pathway analysis revealed that mRNA gene targets of phthalate-associated miRNAs were significantly associated with multiple fibroid-related processes including angiogenesis, apoptosis, and proliferation of connective tissues. Collectively, these data suggest that exposures to some phthalates are associated with miRNA in fibroids, and that associations may vary by race/ethnicity. Validation of these findings may provide insight into mechanisms underlying associations between phthalates and fibroids and contribute to novel hypotheses regarding racial/ethnic disparities in fibroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami R Zota
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ruth J Geller
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Brianna N VanNoy
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Cherie Q Marfori
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sana Tabbara
- Department of Pathology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lisa Y Hu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gaby N Moawad
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
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32
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Rylander C, Veierød MB, Weiderpass E, Lund E, Sandanger TM. Use of skincare products and risk of cancer of the breast and endometrium: a prospective cohort study. Environ Health 2019; 18:105. [PMID: 31796030 PMCID: PMC6889352 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-019-0547-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concerns have been raised that extensive use of personal care products that contain endocrine disrupting compounds increase the risk of hormone sensitive cancers. OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of skincare product use on the risk of pre- and postmenopausal breast cancer, estrogen receptor positive (ER+) and negative (ER-) breast cancer and cancer of the endometrium. METHODS We used data from 106,978 participants in the population-based Norwegian Women and Cancer cohort. Participants were categorized into non-, light, moderate, frequent and heavy users of skincare products based on self-reported use of hand and facial cream and body lotion. Cancer incidence information from the Cancer Registry of Norway was linked to individual data through the unique identity number of Norwegian citizens. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression was used to assess the effect of skincare product use on the risk of cancer of the breast and endometrium. We used multiple imputation by chained equations to evaluate the effect of missing data on observed associations. RESULTS We found no associations between use of skincare products and incidence of premenopausal breast cancer (frequent/heavy versus non-/light use: hazard ratio [HR] =1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92-1.32), postmenopausal breast cancer (heavy versus light use: HR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.65-1.18, frequent versus light use: HR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.88, 1.07) or endometrial cancer (frequent/heavy versus non-/light use: HR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.79-1.20). Use of skincare products did not increase the risk of ER+ or ER- breast cancer and there was no difference in effect across ER status (0.58 ≤ pheterogeneity ≤ 0.99). The magnitude and direction of the effect estimates based on complete case analyses and multiple imputation were similar. CONCLUSION Heavy use of skincare products, i.e. creaming the body up to two times per day during mid-life, did not increase the risk of cancer of the breast or endometrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotta Rylander
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Marit B Veierød
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Eiliv Lund
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torkjel M Sandanger
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- NILU, FRAM-High North Research Centre for Climate and Environment, Tromsø, Norway
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Liu X, Craig ZR. Environmentally relevant exposure to dibutyl phthalate disrupts DNA damage repair gene expression in the mouse ovary†. Biol Reprod 2019; 101:854-867. [PMID: 31318015 PMCID: PMC6930367 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Phthalates have a history of reproductive toxicity in animal models and associations with adverse reproductive outcomes in women. Human exposure to dibutyl phthalate (DBP) occurs via consumer products (7-10 μg/kg/day) and medications (1-233 μg/kg/day). Most DBP toxicity studies have focused on high supraphysiological exposure levels; thus, very little is known about exposures occurring at environmentally relevant levels. CD-1 female mice (80 days old) were treated with tocopherol-stripped corn oil (vehicle control) or DBP dissolved in oil at environmentally relevant (10 and 100 μg/kg/day) or higher (1000 μg/kg/day) levels for 30 days to evaluate effects on DNA damage response (DDR) pathway genes and folliculogenesis. DBP exposure caused dose-dependent effects on folliculogenesis and gene expression. Specifically, animals exposed to the high dose of DBP had more atretic follicles in their ovaries, while in those treated with environmentally relevant doses, follicle numbers were no different from vehicle-treated controls. DBP exposure significantly reduced the expression of DDR genes including those involved in homologous recombination (Atm, Brca1, Mre11a, Rad50), mismatch repair (Msh3, Msh6), and nucleotide excision repair (Xpc, Pcna) in a dose-specific manner. Interestingly, staining for the DNA damage marker, γH2AX, was similar between treatments. DBP exposure did not result in differential DNA methylation in the Brca1 promoter but significantly reduced transcript levels for the maintenance DNA methyltransferase, Dnmt1, in the ovary. Collectively, these findings show that oral exposure to environmentally relevant levels of DBP for 30 days does not significantly impact folliculogenesis in adult mice but leads to aberrant ovarian expression of DDR genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Liu
- School of Animal & Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Zelieann R Craig
- School of Animal & Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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Kim S, Park GY, Yoo YJ, Jeong JS, Nam KT, Jee SH, Lim KM, Lee YS. Di-2-ethylhexylphthalate promotes thyroid cell proliferation and DNA damage through activating thyrotropin-receptor-mediated pathways in vitro and in vivo. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 124:265-272. [PMID: 30543897 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Phthalates are being suggested to be associated with altered thyroid function and proliferative changes, but detailed mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we examined the effects of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on DNA damage and proliferation in thyroid using thyroid carcinoma cell line, 8505C, in vitro and the rats orally treated with DEHP at 0, 0.3, 3, 30 and 150 mg/kg for 90 days from post-natal day 9 in vivo. Exposure to DHEP (1-50 μM) induced cellular proliferation, as evidenced by increased cell viability and DNA synthesis. Activation of γH2AX, a sensitive biomarker for DNA damage was observed following the exposure to DHEP (from 5 to 50 μM) with increased comet tail moment (5-100 μM) in comet assay, reflecting that DNA damage also occurred. When upstream signaling was examined, both thyrotropin receptor (TSHR)-ERK1/2 axis and TSHR-AKT axis were activated with upregulation of Pax8, a master transcriptional factor for thyroid differentiation and proliferation. Thyroid tissue from juvenile rats orally exposed to DEHP also confirmed DNA damage responses and the activation of TSHR signaling, which was evident from 0.3 to 3 mg/kg respectively. Notably, deletion of TSHR through siRNA attenuated these DEHP-induced events in vitro. Collectively these results suggest that DEHP induces DNA damage and cellular proliferation in thyroid, which appears to be from TSHR activation, providing an important insight into endocrine disrupting activities of phthalates on thyroid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoyoung Kim
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Young Park
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jo Yoo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Seong Jeong
- Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Taek Nam
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Ha Jee
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion and Institute for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Lim
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yun-Sil Lee
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea.
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Zota AR, Geller RJ, Calafat AM, Marfori CQ, Baccarelli AA, Moawad GN. Phthalates exposure and uterine fibroid burden among women undergoing surgical treatment for fibroids: a preliminary study. Fertil Steril 2018; 111:112-121. [PMID: 30447935 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the association between phthalate exposure and two measures of uterine fibroid burden: diameter of largest fibroid and uterine volume. DESIGN Pilot, cross-sectional study. SETTING Academic medical center. PATIENT(S) Fifty-seven premenopausal women undergoing either hysterectomy or myomectomy for fibroids. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The diameter of the largest fibroid and uterine dimensions were abstracted from medical records. Spot urine samples were analyzed for 14 phthalate biomarkers using mass spectrometry. We estimated associations between fibroid outcomes and individual phthalate metabolites, sum of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites (∑DEHP), and a weighted sum of anti-androgenic phthalate metabolites (∑AA Phthalates) using linear regression, adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, and body mass index. Fibroid outcomes were also examined dichotomously (divided at the median) using logistic regression. RESULTS Most women were of black ethnicity, overweight or obese, and college educated. In multivariable models, higher levels of mono-hydroxyisobutyl phthalate, monocarboxyoctyl phthalate, monocarboxynonyl phthalate, mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl phthalate) (MEHHP), mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), and mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP), ∑DEHP, and ∑AA Phthalates were positively associated with uterine volume. Associations were most pronounced for individual DEHP metabolites (MEHHP, MEOHP, MECPP), ∑DEHP, and ∑AA Phthalates. For example, a doubling in ∑DEHP and ∑AA Phthalates was associated with 33.2% (95% confidence interval 6.6-66.5) and 26.8% (95% confidence interval 2.2-57.4) increase in uterine volume, respectively. There were few associations between phthalate biomarkers and fibroid size. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to some phthalate biomarkers was positively associated with uterine volume, which further supports the hypothesis that phthalate exposures may be associated with fibroid outcomes. Additional studies are needed to confirm these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami R Zota
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, The George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC.
| | - Ruth J Geller
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, The George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Cherie Q Marfori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York
| | - Gaby N Moawad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC
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Zuccarello P, Oliveri Conti G, Cavallaro F, Copat C, Cristaldi A, Fiore M, Ferrante M. Implication of dietary phthalates in breast cancer. A systematic review. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 118:667-674. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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