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Dušková M, Dorotíková K, Bartáková K, Králová M, Šedo O, Kameník J. The microbial contaminants of plant-based meat analogues from the retail market. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 425:110869. [PMID: 39151231 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to analyse the key microbial contaminants of plant-based meat analogues (PBMA) from retail. A total of 43 samples of PBMAs (12 frozen/31 chilled) in the "ready-to-cook" category, such as hamburgers, meatballs or breaded imitation steaks were purchased in retail stores in the Czech Republic in summer (n = 21) and autumn 2022 (n = 22). The detected indicator bacteria (total viable count, lactic acid bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, yeasts, moulds) had relatively low values in the analysed PBMA samples and only rarely reached levels of 7 log CFU/g. E. coli, STEC and coagulase-positive staphylococci were not detected by isolation from plates in any of analysed samples. Mannitol positive Bacillus spp. were isolated from almost half of the analysed samples of the PBMA. B. cereus sensu lato was isolated from 3 samples by isolation from plates, and after enrichment in 35 samples (81 %). Clostridium perfringens could not be detected by isolation from plates, nevertheless after multiplication, it was detected in 21 % of samples. Analyses of PBMA samples revealed considerable variability in microbial quality. The presence of spore-forming bacteria with the potential to cause foodborne diseases is alarming. However, to evaluate the risks, further research focused on the possibilities of growth under different conditions of culinary treatment and preservation is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Dušková
- Department of Animal Origin Food and Gastronomic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Dorotíková
- Department of Animal Origin Food and Gastronomic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Klára Bartáková
- Department of Animal Origin Food and Gastronomic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Králová
- Department of Animal Origin Food and Gastronomic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Šedo
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Kameník
- Department of Animal Origin Food and Gastronomic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Zavišić G, Ristić S, Petričević S, Janković D, Petković B. Microbial Contamination of Food: Probiotics and Postbiotics as Potential Biopreservatives. Foods 2024; 13:2487. [PMID: 39200415 PMCID: PMC11353716 DOI: 10.3390/foods13162487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial contamination of food and alimentary toxoinfection/intoxication in humans are commonly caused by bacteria such as Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, Yersinia spp., Campylobacter spp., Listeria monocytogenes, and fungi (Aspergillus, Fusarium). The addition of probiotic cultures (bacterial strains Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii) to food contributes primarily to food enrichment and obtaining a functional product, but also to food preservation. Reducing the number of viable pathogenic microorganisms and eliminating or neutralizing their toxins in food is achieved by probiotic-produced antimicrobial substances such as organic acids (lactic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, phenylacetic acid, and phenyllactic acid), fatty acids (linoleic acid, butyric acid, caproic acid, and caprylic acid), aromatic compounds (diacetyl, acetaldehyde, reuterin), hydrogen peroxide, cyclic dipeptides, bacteriocins, and salivabactin. This review summarizes the basic facts on microbial contamination and preservation of food and the potential of different probiotic strains and their metabolites (postbiotics), including the mechanisms of their antimicrobial action against various foodborne pathogens. Literature data on this topic over the last three decades was searched in the PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases, systematically presented, and critically discussed, with particular attention to the advantages and disadvantages of using probiotics and postbiotics as food biopreservatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordana Zavišić
- Faculty of Pharmacy Novi Sad, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Heroja Pinkija 4, 21101 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Slavica Ristić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Pasterova 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Saša Petričević
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Pasterova 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.R.); (S.P.)
| | - Drina Janković
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, Vinča, 11351 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Branka Petković
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia;
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Finton M, Skeie SB, Aspholm ME, Franklin-Alming FV, Mekonnen YB, Kristiansen H, Porcellato D. Two-year investigation of spore-formers through the production chain at two cheese plants in Norway. Food Res Int 2024; 190:114610. [PMID: 38945575 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Spore-forming bacteria are the most complex group of microbes to eliminate from the dairy production line due to their ability to withstand heat treatment usually used in dairy processing. These ubiquitous microorganisms have ample opportunity for multiple points of entry into the milk chain, creating issues for food quality and safety. Certain spore-formers, namely bacilli and clostridia, are more problematic to the dairy industry due to their possible pathogenicity, growth, and production of metabolites and spoilage enzymes. This research investigated the spore-forming population from raw milk reception at two Norwegian dairy plants through the cheesemaking stages until ripening. Samples were collected over two years and examined by amplicon sequencing in a culture independent manner and after an anaerobic spore-former enrichment step. In addition, a total of 608 isolates from the enriched samples were identified at the genus or species level using MALDI-TOF analysis. Most spore-forming isolates belong to the genera Bacillus or Clostridium, with the latter dominating the enriched MPN tubes of raw milk and bactofugate. Results showed a great variation among the clostridia and bacilli detected in the enriched MPN tubes. However, B. licheniformis and C. tyrobutyricum were identified in all sample types from both plants throughout the 2-year study. In conclusion, our results shed light on the fate of different spore-formers at different processing stages in the cheese production chain, which could facilitate targeted actions to reduce quality problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misti Finton
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Siv Borghild Skeie
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Marina Elisabeth Aspholm
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | | | - Yohannes Beyene Mekonnen
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Hanne Kristiansen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Davide Porcellato
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway.
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Ma J, Dai J, Cao C, Su L, Cao M, He Y, Li M, Zhang Z, Chen J, Cui S, Yang B. Prevalence, serotype, antimicrobial susceptibility, contamination factors, and control methods of Salmonella spp. in retail fresh fruits and vegetables: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13407. [PMID: 39030802 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
This research presents a comprehensive review of Salmonella presence in retail fresh fruits and vegetables from 2010 to 2023, utilizing data from recognized sources such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The study incorporates a meta-analysis of prevalence, serovar distribution, antimicrobial susceptibility, and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). Additionally, it scrutinizes the heterogeneous sources across various food categories and geographical regions The findings show a pooled prevalence of 2.90% (95% CI: 0.0180-0.0430), with an increase from 4.63% in 2010 to 5.32% in 2022. Dominant serovars include S. Typhimurium (29.14%, 95% CI: 0.0202-0.6571) and S. Enteritidis (21.06%, 95% CI: 0.0181-0.4872). High resistance rates were noted for antimicrobials like erythromycin (60.70%, 95% CI: 0.0000-1.0000) and amoxicillin (39.92%, 95% CI: 0.0589-0.8020). The most prevalent ARGs were blaTEM (80.23%, 95% CI: 0.5736-0.9692) and parC mutation (66.67%, 95% CI: 0.3213-0.9429). Factors such as pH, water activity, and nutrient content, along with external factors like the quality of irrigation water and prevailing climatic conditions, have significant implications on Salmonella contamination. Nonthermal sterilization technologies, encompassing chlorine dioxide, ozone, and ultraviolet light, are emphasized as efficacious measures to control Salmonella. This review stresses the imperative need to bolster prevention strategies and control measures against Salmonella in retail fresh fruits and vegetables to alleviate related food safety risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jinghan Dai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Chenyang Cao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Li Su
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Mengyuan Cao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yuanjie He
- College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Mei Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zengfeng Zhang
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture & Biology, and State Key Lab of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Chen
- College of Chemical Technology, Shijiazhuang University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shenghui Cui
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Baowei Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Sogore T, Guo M, Sun N, Jiang D, Shen M, Ding T. Microbiological and chemical hazards in cultured meat and methods for their detection. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13392. [PMID: 38865212 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Cultured meat, which involves growing meat in a laboratory rather than breeding animals, offers potential benefits in terms of sustainability, health, and animal welfare compared to conventional meat production. However, the cultured meat production process involves several stages, each with potential hazards requiring careful monitoring and control. Microbial contamination risks exist in the initial cell collection from source animals and the surrounding environment. During cell proliferation, hazards may include chemical residues from media components such as antibiotics and growth factors, as well as microbial issues from improper bioreactor sterilization. In the differentiation stage where cells become muscle tissue, potential hazards include residues from scaffolding materials, microcarriers, and media components. Final maturation and harvesting stages risk environmental contamination from nonsterile conditions, equipment, or worker handling if proper aseptic conditions are not maintained. This review examines the key microbiological and chemical hazards that must be monitored and controlled during the manufacturing process for cultured meats. It describes some conventional and emerging novel techniques that could be applied for the detection of microbial and chemical hazards in cultured meat. The review also outlines the current evolving regulatory landscape around cultured meat and explains how thorough detection and characterization of microbiological and chemical hazards through advanced analytical techniques can provide crucial data to help develop robust, evidence-based food safety regulations specifically tailored for the cultured meat industry. Implementing new digital food safety methods is recommended for further research on the sensitive and effective detection of microbiological and chemical hazards in cultured meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahirou Sogore
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meimei Guo
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Na Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Donglei Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China
| | - Mofei Shen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhongyuan Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tian Ding
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, China
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Zhu X, Yellezuome D, Wang Z, Liu X, Liu R. Comprehensive insights into the effects of acidogenic off-gas utilization on successive biogas production, microbial community structure and metabolite distribution during two-stage anaerobic digestion. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 258:121740. [PMID: 38749185 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Although two-stage anaerobic digestion (TSAD) technology has been investigated, the mechanisms regarding the impact of acidogenic off-gas (AOG) on successive methane production have not been well addressed. In this study, a novel TSAD system was designed. Food waste, as the main substrate, was co-digested with chicken manure and corn straw. The acidogenic gas beyond atmospheric pressure was introduced into the bottom of the methanogenesis reactor through a stainless steel diffuser. Results showed the addition of AOG increased the methane yield from 435.2 to 597.1 mL/g VSin in successive methanogenesis stage, improved by 37.2 %, and increased the energy yield from 9.0 to 11.3 kJ/g VSsubstrate. However, the theoretical contribution of hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis using H2 contained in AOG was only 15.2 % of the increased methane yield. After the addition of AOG, the decreased levels of ammonia nitrogen and butyrate indicate that the stability of the AD system was improved. The electron transfer system and co-enzyme F420 activity were enhanced; however, the decrease in acetate kinase activity indicates aceticlastic methanogenesis may have been weakened. The microbial diversity and species richness were improved by the added AOG. Methanosarcina was more competitive than Methanothermobacter, enhancing the syntrophic effect. The relative abundance of protein degradation bacteria norank_f_Anaerolineaceae and lipid degradation bacteria Syntrophomonas was increased. Metabolite analysis confirmed that the addition of AOG promoted amino acid metabolism, the biosynthesis of other secondary metabolism and lipid metabolism. The improved degradation of recalcitrant organic components (lipids and proteins) in food waste was responsible for the increased methane yield. This study provides an in-depth understanding of the impact of AOG utilization on successive methane production and has practical implications for the treatment of food waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianpu Zhu
- Biomass Energy Engineering Research Centre, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Dominic Yellezuome
- Biomass Energy Engineering Research Centre, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Zengzhen Wang
- Biomass Energy Engineering Research Centre, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China; China Three Gorges Investment Management Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200120, PR China
| | - Xuwei Liu
- Biomass Energy Engineering Research Centre, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Ronghou Liu
- Biomass Energy Engineering Research Centre, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
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7
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Arruda F, Lima A, Wortham T, Janeiro A, Rodrigues T, Baptista J, Rosa JS, Lima E. Sequential Separation of Essential Oil Components during Hydrodistillation of Fresh Foliage from Azorean Cryptomeria japonica (Cupressaceae): Effects on Antibacterial, Antifungal, and Free Radical Scavenging Activities. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1729. [PMID: 38999569 PMCID: PMC11243627 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Cryptomeria japonica wood industry generates large amounts of foliage biomass residues. Due to the increasing applications and markets for essential oils (EOs), fresh Azorean C. japonica foliage (Az-CJF) residues are used for local EO production. Hydrodistillation (HD), a common process for obtaining EOs, also provides the possibility to fractionate them. Thus, this study evaluated the in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of six Az-CJF EO fractions (Frs. 1-6), collected at sequential HD timeframes (HDTs: 0-2, 2-10, 10-30, 30-60, 60-120, and 120-240 min), in comparison to the crude EO, obtained from a non-fractionated HD (0-240 min HDT). Antimicrobial activities were assessed via disc diffusion method against seven bacteria (foodborne and/or human pathogens) and two Penicillium spp. (phytopathogenic fungi), and antioxidant activity was estimated using DPPH and ABTS assays. Concerning the antibacterial activity, all the EO samples were effective only toward Gram-positive bacteria. Fractions 1-3 (<30 min HDT) were the most active, with growth inhibition zones (GIZ) of 7.0-23.3 mm (1.4-2.2 times higher than those of the crude EO), being Bacillus spp. (B. licheniformis and B. subtilis) the most sensitive, followed by Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus. Regarding the antifungal activity, Frs. 1-3 also displayed the best activities, but only against P. italicum (GIZ around 9.0 mm), while the crude EO showed no antifungal activity. Overall, the best antimicrobial properties of Frs. 1-3 could be attributed, at least in part, to their highest content in α-pinene and bornyl acetate. On the other hand, Frs. 4-6 (>30 min HDT) exhibited the strongest antioxidant activities (EC50 values: 1.5-2.3 and 1.0-1.7 mg mL-1 for DPPH and ABTS, respectively), being at least 1.3-fold higher than those of the crude EO. The presence of nezukol, elemol, and eudesmol isomers could strongly contribute to the best free radical scavenging properties of Frs. 4-6. In conclusion, HD was found to be an efficient process for obtaining new Az-CJF EO fractions with variable and enhanced bioactivities due to their differential composition, as assessed using GC-MS. Hence, these findings could contribute to increasing the commercial potential of the C. japonica EO industry, namely, the Fr2 and Fr6, which presented the most significant activities and can have potential applications in the food, medical, and agriculture sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Arruda
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Research and Technology (IITAA), University of the Azores, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal; (F.A.); (A.L.); (A.J.); (J.B.)
- Department of Biology (DB), Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Azores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal; (T.R.); (J.S.R.)
| | - Ana Lima
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Research and Technology (IITAA), University of the Azores, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal; (F.A.); (A.L.); (A.J.); (J.B.)
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Engineering (DCFQE), Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Azores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Tanner Wortham
- The Perfumery, 621 Park East Blvd., New Albany, IN 47150, USA;
| | - Alexandre Janeiro
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Research and Technology (IITAA), University of the Azores, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal; (F.A.); (A.L.); (A.J.); (J.B.)
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Engineering (DCFQE), Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Azores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Tânia Rodrigues
- Department of Biology (DB), Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Azores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal; (T.R.); (J.S.R.)
| | - José Baptista
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Research and Technology (IITAA), University of the Azores, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal; (F.A.); (A.L.); (A.J.); (J.B.)
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Engineering (DCFQE), Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Azores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - José S. Rosa
- Department of Biology (DB), Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Azores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal; (T.R.); (J.S.R.)
- Biotechnology Centre of Azores (CBA), University of the Azores, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Lima
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Research and Technology (IITAA), University of the Azores, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal; (F.A.); (A.L.); (A.J.); (J.B.)
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Engineering (DCFQE), Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Azores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
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Pacher N, Burtscher J, Bender D, Fieseler L, Domig KJ. Aerobic spore-forming bacteria associated with ropy bread: Identification, characterization and spoilage potential assessment. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 418:110730. [PMID: 38714095 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Aerobic spore-forming (ASF) bacteria have been reported to cause ropiness in bread. Sticky and stringy degradation, discoloration, and an odor reminiscent of rotting fruit are typical characteristics of ropy bread spoilage. In addition to economic losses, ropy bread spoilage may lead to health risks, as virulent strains of ASF bacteria are not uncommon. However, the lack of systematic approaches to quantify physicochemical spoilage characteristics makes it extremely difficult to assess rope formation in bread. To address this problem, the aim of this study was to identify, characterize and objectively assess the spoilage potential of ASF bacteria associated with ropy bread. Hence, a set of 82 ASF bacteria, including isolates from raw materials and bakery environments as well as strains from international culture collections, were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and their species identity confirmed by 16S rRNA and gyrA or panC gene sequencing. A standardized approach supported by objective colorimetric measurements was developed to assess the rope-inducing potential (RIP) of a strain by inoculating autoclaved bread slices with bacterial spores. In addition, the presence of potential virulence factors such as swarming motility or hemolysis was investigated. This study adds B. velezensis, B. inaquosorum and B. spizizenii to the species potentially implicated of causing ropy bread spoilage. Most importantly, this study introduces a standardized classification protocol for assessing the RIP of a bacterial strain. Colorimetric measurements are used to objectively quantify the degree of breadcrumb discoloration. Furthermore, our results indicate that strains capable of inducing rope spoilage in bread often exhibit swarming motility and virulence factors such as hemolysis, raising important food quality considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Pacher
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Science, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johanna Burtscher
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Science, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Denisse Bender
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Science, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lars Fieseler
- ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Food and Beverage Innovation, Einsiedlerstrasse 31, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Konrad J Domig
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Science, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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Chou K, Liu J, Lu X, Hsiao HI. Quantitative microbial spoilage risk assessment of Aspergillus niger in white bread reveal that retail storage temperature and mold contamination during factory cooling are the main factors to influence spoilage. Food Microbiol 2024; 119:104443. [PMID: 38225048 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2023.104443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The present study developed a model for effectively assessing the risk of spoilage caused by Aspergillus niger to identify key control measures employed in bakery supply chains. A white bread supply chain comprising a processing plant and two retail stores in Taiwan was selected in this study. Time-temperature profiles were collected at each processing step in summer and winter. Visual mycelium diameter predictions were validated using a time-lapse camera. Six what-if scenarios were proposed. The mean risk of A. niger contamination per package sold by retailer A was 0.052 in summer and 0.036 in winter, and that for retailer B was 0.037 in summer and 0.022 in winter. Sensitivity analysis revealed that retail storage time, retail temperature, and mold prevalence during factory cooling were the main influencing factors. The what-if scenarios revealed that reducing the retail environmental temperature by 1 °C in summer (from 23.97 °C to 22.97 °C) and winter (from 23.28 °C to 22.28 °C) resulted in a reduction in spoilage risk of 47.0% and 34.7%, respectively. These results indicate that food companies should establish a quantitative microbial risk assessment model that uses real data to evaluate microbial spoilage in food products that can support decision-making processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin Chou
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Taiwan
| | - Jinxin Liu
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Canada
| | - Xiaonan Lu
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Canada
| | - Hsin-I Hsiao
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Taiwan.
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Chincha AAIA, Marone MP, Pia AKR, Freire L, Amorim-Neto DP, Carazzolle MF, Sant'Ana AS. Phenotypic, genotypic, and resistome of mesophilic spore-forming bacteria isolated from pasteurized liquid whole egg. Food Res Int 2024; 184:114215. [PMID: 38609213 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The production of whole-liquid eggs is of significant economic and nutritional importance. This study aimed to assess the phenotypic and genotypic diversity of mesophilic aerobic spore-forming bacteria (n = 200) isolated from pasteurized whole liquid egg and liquid egg yolk. The majority of the isolates were identified as belonging to the genera Bacillus (86 %), followed by Brevibacillus (10 %) and Lysinibacillus (4 %). For the phenotypic characterization, isolates were subjected to various heat shocks, with the most significant reductions observed at 80 °C/30 min and 90 °C/10 min for isolates recovered from raw materials. On the other hand, the decrease was similar for isolates recovered from raw material and final product at 100 °C/5 min and 110 °C/5 min. Genotypic genes related to heat resistance (cdnL, spoVAD, dacB, clpC, dnaK, and yitF/Tn1546) were examined for genotypic characterization. The dnaK gene showed a positive correlation with the highest thermal condition tested (110 °C/5 min), while 100 °C/5 min had the highest number of positively correlated genes (clpC, cdnL, yitF/Tn1546, and spoVAD). Whole Genome Sequencing of four strains revealed genes related to sporulation, structure formation, initiation and regulation, stress response, and DNA repair in vegetative cells. The findings of this study indicate that these mesophilic aerobic spore-forming bacteria may adopt several strategies to persist through the process and reach the final product. As the inactivation of these microorganisms during egg processing is challenging, preventing raw materials contamination and their establishment in processing premises must be reinforced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra A I A Chincha
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marina P Marone
- Laboratory of Genomics and BioEnergy, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Arthur K R Pia
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Luisa Freire
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul. Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Dionisio P Amorim-Neto
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo F Carazzolle
- Laboratory of Genomics and BioEnergy, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Center for Computing and Engineering Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Anderson S Sant'Ana
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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11
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Tang X, Chen X, Li F, Huang M, Xie L, Ge J, Ling H, Cheng K. Analysis of Pickled Cucumber Products, Based on Microbial Diversity and Flavor Substance Detection. Foods 2024; 13:1275. [PMID: 38672946 PMCID: PMC11048978 DOI: 10.3390/foods13081275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Changes to the microbial community during pickled cucumber fermentation were studied using the 16S rDNA technique. The changes of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during pickled cucumber fermentation were studied by gas chromatograph-ion mobility spectrometry. At the phylum level, Cyanophyta and Proteobacteria were the dominant flora in the natural fermentation group, and Firmicutes were the dominant flora in the added-bacteria fermentation group. At the generic level, the addition of Lactobacillus led to changes in the community of the bacteria in the added-bacterial fermentation group and decreased the species abundance of other bacteria. In total, 75 volatile organic compounds were identified from naturally fermented pickled cucumber, and 60 volatile organic compounds were identified from fermented pickled cucumber with bacterial addition. The main metabolites were esters, aldehydes, acids, alcohols, ketones, alkanes, nitriles, and alkenes. These metabolites will bring their unique aroma components to the pickled cucumber. Metabolomic analysis of the O2PLS model showed that Weissella and Lactobacillus were closely and positively correlated with nine alcohols, six esters, five aldehydes, four acids, three ketones, and one pyrazine. Pseudomonas and norank_f_Mitochondria show a close positive correlation with four kinds of alcohols, two kinds of esters, one kind of aldehyde, and one kind of nitrile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Tang
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; (X.T.); (M.H.); (L.X.); (J.G.)
| | - Xiangyu Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, School of Chemical and Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China; (X.C.); (F.L.)
| | - Fuxiang Li
- Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, School of Chemical and Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China; (X.C.); (F.L.)
| | - Mengmeng Huang
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; (X.T.); (M.H.); (L.X.); (J.G.)
| | - Lele Xie
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; (X.T.); (M.H.); (L.X.); (J.G.)
| | - Jingping Ge
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; (X.T.); (M.H.); (L.X.); (J.G.)
| | - Hongzhi Ling
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; (X.T.); (M.H.); (L.X.); (J.G.)
| | - Keke Cheng
- Engineering Research Center of Health Food Design & Nutrition Regulation, School of Chemical and Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China; (X.C.); (F.L.)
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12
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Freire V, Condón S, Gayán E. Impact of sporulation temperature on germination of Bacillus subtilis spores under optimal and adverse environmental conditions. Food Res Int 2024; 182:114064. [PMID: 38519157 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis spores are important food spoilage agents and are occasionally involved in food poisoning. In foods that are not processed with intense heat, such bacterial spores are controlled by a combination of different hurdles, such as refrigeration, acidification, and low water activity (aw), which inhibit or delay germination and/or growth. Sporulation temperature has long been regarded as a relevant factor for the assessment of germination in chemically defined media, but little is known about its impact on food preservation environments. In this study, we compared germination dynamics of B. subtilis spores produced at optimal temperature (37 °C) with others incubated at suboptimal (20 °C) and supraoptimal (43 °C) temperatures in a variety of nutrients (rich-growth medium, L-alanine, L-valine, and AGFK) under optimal conditions as well as under food-related stresses (low aw, pH, and temperature). Spores produced at 20 °C had a lower germination rate and efficiency than those incubated at 37 °C in all the nutrients, while those sporulated at 43 °C displayed a higher germination rate and/or efficiency in response to rich-growth medium and mostly to L-alanine and AGFK under optimal environmental conditions. However, differences in germination induced by changes in sporulation temperature decreased when spores were activated by heat, mainly due to the greater benefit of heat for spores produced at 20 °C and 37 °C than at 43 °C, especially in AGFK. Non-heat-activated spores produced at 43 °C still displayed superior germination fitness under certain stresses that had considerably impaired the germination of the other two populations, such as reduced temperature and aw. Moreover, they presented lower temperature and pH boundaries for the inhibition of germination in rich-growth medium, while requiring a higher NaCl concentration threshold compared to spores obtained at optimal and suboptimal temperature. Sporulation temperature is therefore a relevant source of variability in spore germination that should be taken into account for the accurate prediction of spore behaviour under variable food preservation conditions with the aim of improving food safety and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Freire
- Department of Animal Production and Food Science, AgriFood Institute of Aragon (IA2), University of Zaragoza-CITA, Faculty of Veterinary, Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Santiago Condón
- Department of Animal Production and Food Science, AgriFood Institute of Aragon (IA2), University of Zaragoza-CITA, Faculty of Veterinary, Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Elisa Gayán
- Department of Animal Production and Food Science, AgriFood Institute of Aragon (IA2), University of Zaragoza-CITA, Faculty of Veterinary, Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
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13
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Xie J, Yap G, Simpson D, Gänzle M. The effect of seed germination and Bacillus spp. on the ripening of plant cheese analogs. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0227623. [PMID: 38319095 PMCID: PMC10952449 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02276-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Consumer demand for plant cheeses is increasing, but challenges of improving both flavor and quality remain. This study investigated the microbiological and physicochemical impact of seed germination and fermentation with Bacillus velezensis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on the ripening of plant cheese analogs. Chlorine treatment or addition of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Lactococcus lactis controlled microbial growth during seed germination. Lp. plantarum and Lc. lactis also served as starter cultures for the acidification of soy and lupine milk and were subsequently present in the unripened plant cheese as dominant microbes. Acidification also inhibited the growth and metabolic activity of bacilli but Bacillus spores remained viable throughout ripening. During plant cheese ripening, Lc. lactis was inactivated before Lp. plantarum and the presence of bacilli during seed germination delayed Lc. lactis inactivation. Metagenomic sequencing of full-length 16S rRNA gene amplicons confirmed that the relative abundance of the inoculated strains in each ripened cheese sample exceeded 99%. Oligosaccharides including raffinose, stachyose, and verbascose were rapidly depleted in the initial stage of ripening. Both germination and the presence of bacilli during seed germination had impact on polysaccharide hydrolysis during ripening. Bacilli but not seed germination enhanced proteolysis of plant cheese during ripening. In conclusion, the use of germination with lactic acid bacteria in combination with Bacillus spp. exhibited the potential to improve the quality of ripened plant cheeses with a positive effect on the reduction of hygienic risks. IMPORTANCE The development of novel plant-based fermented food products for which no traditional templates exist requires the development of starter cultures. Although the principles of microbial flavor formation in plant-based analogs partially overlap with dairy fermentations, the composition of the raw materials and thus likely the selective pressure on the activity of starter cultures differs. Experiments that are described in this study explored the use of seed germination, the use of lactic acid bacteria, and the use of bacilli to reduce hygienic risks, to acidify plant milk, and to generate taste-active compounds through proteolysis and fermentative conversion of carbohydrates. The characterization of fermentation microbiota by culture-dependent and culture-independent methods also confirmed that the starter cultures used were able to control microbial communities throughout 90 d of ripening. Taken together, the results provide novel tools for the development of plant-based analogs of fermented dairy products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xie
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Gloria Yap
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - David Simpson
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Michael Gänzle
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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14
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Dittoe DK, Feye KM, Ovall C, Thompson HA, Ricke SC. Exploiting the microbiota of organic and inorganic acid-treated raw poultry products to improve shelf-life. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1348159. [PMID: 38476936 PMCID: PMC10927844 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1348159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Targeted amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA delineates the complex microbial interactions that occur during food spoilage, providing a tool to intensively screen microbiota response to antimicrobial processing aids and interventions. The current research determines the microbiota and spoilage indicator (total aerobes and lactic acid bacteria; LAB) response to inorganic and organic antimicrobial intervention use on the shelf-life of fresh, never-frozen, skin-on, bone-in chicken wings. Methods Wings (n=200) were sourced from local processor and either not treated (NT) or treated with 15-s dips of tap water (TW), organic (peracetic acid; PAA), inorganic acids (sodium bisulfate; SBS), and their combination (SBS + PAA). Wings were stored (4°C) and rinsed in neutralizing Buffered Peptone Water (BPW) for 1 min on d 0, 7, 14, and 21 post-treatment. Spoilage indicators, aerobic mesophiles and LAB, were quantified from rinsates. Genomic DNA of d 14 and 21 rinsates were extracted, and V4 of 16S rRNA gene was sequenced. Sequences were analyzed using QIIME2.2019.7. APC and LAB counts were reported as Log10 CFU/g of chicken and analyzed in R Studio as a General Linear Model using ANOVA. Pairwise differences were determined using Tukey's HSD (P£0.05). Results Spoilage was indicated for all products by day 21 according to APC counts (>7 Log10 CFU/g); however, wings treated with SBS and SBS + PAA demonstrated a 7-day extended shelf-life compared to those treated with NT, TW, or PAA. The interaction of treatment and time impacted the microbial diversity and composition (p < 0.05), with those treated with SBS having a lower richness and evenness compared to those treated with the controls (NT and TW; p < 0.05, Q < 0.05). On d 14, those treated with SBS and SBS + PAA had lower relative abundance of typical spoilage population while having a greater relative abundance of Bacillus spp. (~70 and 50% of population; ANCOM p < 0.05). By d 21, the Bacillus spp. populations decreased below 10% of the population among those treated with SBS and SBS + PAA. Discussion Therefore, there are differential effects on the microbial community depending on the chemical intervention used with organic and inorganic acids, impacting the microbial ecology differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana K. Dittoe
- Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, United States
| | - Kristina M. Feye
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | | | - Hayley A. Thompson
- Center for Food Safety, Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Steven C. Ricke
- Meat Science and Animal Biologics Discovery Program, Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
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15
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Gao Y, Amon JD, Brogan AP, Artzi L, Ramírez-Guadiana FH, Cofsky JC, Kruse AC, Rudner DZ. SpoVAF and FigP assemble into oligomeric ion channels that enhance spore germination. Genes Dev 2024; 38:31-45. [PMID: 38242633 PMCID: PMC10903944 DOI: 10.1101/gad.351353.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial spores can remain dormant for decades yet rapidly germinate and resume growth in response to nutrients. GerA family receptors that sense and respond to these signals have recently been shown to oligomerize into nutrient-gated ion channels. Ion release initiates exit from dormancy. Here, we report that a distinct ion channel, composed of SpoVAF (5AF) and its newly discovered partner protein, YqhR (FigP), amplifies the response. At high germinant concentrations, 5AF/FigP accelerate germination; at low concentrations, this complex becomes critical for exit from dormancy. 5AF is homologous to the channel-forming subunit of GerA family receptors and is predicted to oligomerize around a central pore. 5AF mutations predicted to widen the channel cause constitutive germination during spore formation and membrane depolarization in vegetative cells. Narrow-channel mutants are impaired in germination. A screen for suppressors of a constitutively germinating 5AF mutant identified FigP as an essential cofactor of 5AF activity. We demonstrate that 5AF and FigP interact and colocalize with GerA family receptors in spores. Finally, we show that 5AF/FigP accelerate germination in B. subtilis spores that have nutrient receptors from another species. Our data support a model in which nutrient-triggered ion release by GerA family receptors activates 5AF/FigP ion release, amplifying the response to germinant signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Gao
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Jeremy D Amon
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Anna P Brogan
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Lior Artzi
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | | | - Joshua C Cofsky
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Andrew C Kruse
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - David Z Rudner
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA;
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16
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Xu K, Zhao X, Tan Y, Wu J, Cai Y, Zhou J, Wang X. A systematical review on antimicrobial peptides and their food applications. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 155:213684. [PMID: 37976831 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Food safety issues are a major concern in food processing and packaging industries. Food spoilage is caused by microbial contamination, where antimicrobial peptides (APs) provide solutions by eliminating microorganisms. APs such as nisin have been successfully and commonly used in food processing and preservation. Here, we discuss all aspects of the functionalization of APs in food applications. We briefly review the natural sources of APs and their native functions. Recombinant expression of APs in microorganisms and their yields are described. The molecular mechanisms of AP antibacterial action are explained, and this knowledge can further benefit the design of functional APs. We highlight current utilities and challenges for the application of APs in the food industry, and address rational methods for AP design that may overcome current limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangjie Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - XinYi Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yameng Tan
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Junheng Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yiqing Cai
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China..
| | - Xinglong Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology and School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
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17
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Freire V, Del Río J, Gómara P, Salvador M, Condón S, Gayán E. Comparative study on the impact of equally stressful environmental sporulation conditions on thermal inactivation kinetics of B. subtilis spores. Int J Food Microbiol 2023; 405:110349. [PMID: 37591013 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2023.110349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Control of bacterial spores continues to be one of the main challenges for the food industry due to their wide dissemination and extremely high resistance to processing methods. Furthermore, the large variability in heat resistance in spores that contaminate foods makes it difficult to establish general processing conditions. Such heterogeneity not only derives from inherent differences among species and strains, but also from differences in sporulation environments that are generally ignored in spores encountered in foods. We evaluated heat inactivation kinetics and the thermodependency of resistance parameters in B. subtilis 168 spores sporulated at adverse temperatures, water activity (aw), and pH, applying an experimental approach that allowed us to quantitatively compare the impact of each condition. Reduction of incubation temperature from the optimal temperature dramatically reduced thermal resistance, and it was the most influential factor, especially at the highest treatment temperatures. These spores were also more sensitive to chemicals presumably acting in the inner membrane. Reducing sporulation aw increased heat resistance, although the magnitude of that effect depended on the solute and the treatment temperature. Thus, changes in sporulation environments varied 3D100°C values up to 10.4-fold and z values up to 1.7-fold, highlighting the relevance of taking such a source of variability into account when setting heat processing conditions. UV-C treatment and sodium hypochlorite efficiently inactivated all spore populations, including heat-resistant ones produced at low aw.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Freire
- Department of Animal Production and Food Science, AgriFood Institute of Aragon (IA2), University of Zaragoza-CITA, Faculty of Veterinary, Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Javier Del Río
- Department of Animal Production and Food Science, AgriFood Institute of Aragon (IA2), University of Zaragoza-CITA, Faculty of Veterinary, Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Paula Gómara
- Department of Animal Production and Food Science, AgriFood Institute of Aragon (IA2), University of Zaragoza-CITA, Faculty of Veterinary, Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Maika Salvador
- Department of Animal Production and Food Science, AgriFood Institute of Aragon (IA2), University of Zaragoza-CITA, Faculty of Veterinary, Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Santiago Condón
- Department of Animal Production and Food Science, AgriFood Institute of Aragon (IA2), University of Zaragoza-CITA, Faculty of Veterinary, Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Elisa Gayán
- Department of Animal Production and Food Science, AgriFood Institute of Aragon (IA2), University of Zaragoza-CITA, Faculty of Veterinary, Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
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18
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D'Onofrio F, Schirone M, Krasteva I, Tittarelli M, Iannetti L, Pomilio F, Torresi M, Paparella A, D'Alterio N, Luciani M. A comprehensive investigation of protein expression profiles in L. monocytogenes exposed to thermal abuse, mild acid, and salt stress conditions. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1271787. [PMID: 37876777 PMCID: PMC10591339 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1271787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Preventing L. monocytogenes infection is crucial for food safety, considering its widespread presence in the environment and its association with contaminated RTE foods. The pathogen's ability to persist under adverse conditions, for example, in food processing facilities, is linked to virulence and resistance mechanisms, including biofilm formation. In this study, the protein expression patterns of two L. monocytogenes 1/2a strains, grown under environmental stressors (mild acidic pH, thermal abuse, and high concentration of NaCl), were investigated. Protein identification and prediction were performed by nLC-ESI-MS/MS and nine different bioinformatic software programs, respectively. Gene enrichment analysis was carried out by STRING v11.05. A total of 1,215 proteins were identified, of which 335 were non-cytosolic proteins and 265 were immunogenic proteins. Proteomic analysis revealed differences in protein expression between L. monocytogenes strains in stressful conditions. The two strains exhibited unique protein expression profiles linked to stress response, virulence, and pathogenesis. Studying the proteomic profiles of such microorganisms provides information about adaptation and potential treatments, highlighting their genetic diversity and demonstrating the utility of bioinformatics and proteomics for a broader analysis of pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica D'Onofrio
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| | - Maria Schirone
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Ivanka Krasteva
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| | - Manuela Tittarelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| | - Luigi Iannetti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| | - Francesco Pomilio
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| | - Marina Torresi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| | - Antonello Paparella
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Nicola D'Alterio
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| | - Mirella Luciani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
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Hamiot A, Lemy C, Krzewinski F, Faille C, Dubois T. Sporulation conditions influence the surface and adhesion properties of Bacillus subtilis spores. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1219581. [PMID: 37720141 PMCID: PMC10502511 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1219581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Spore-forming bacteria of the Bacillus subtilis group are responsible for recurrent contamination of processing lines in the food industry which can lead to food spoilage. The persistence of B. subtilis would be due to the high resistance of spores to extreme environmental condition and their propensity to contaminate surfaces. While it is well known that sporulation conditions modulate spore resistance properties, little is known about their effect on surface and adhesion properties. Here, we studied the impact of 13 sporulation conditions on the surface and adhesion properties of B. subtilis 168 spores. We showed that Ca2+ or Mg2+ depletion, lower oxygen availability, acidic pH as well as oxidative stresses during sporulation lead to the release of more hydrophobic and adherent spores. The consequences of these sporulation conditions on crust composition in carbohydrates and proteins were also evaluated. The crust glycans of spores produced in a sporulation medium depleted in Ca2+ or Mg2+ or oxygen-limited conditions were impaired and contained lower amounts of rhamnose and legionaminic acid. In addition, we showed that lower oxygen availability or addition of hydrogen peroxide during sporulation decreases the relative amount of two crust proteins (CgeA and CotY) and the changes observed in these conditions could be due to transcriptional repression of genes involved in crust synthesis in late stationary phase. The fact that sporulation conditions affect the ease with which spores can contaminate surfaces could explain the frequent and recurrent presence of B. subtilis spores in food processing lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Hamiot
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207 - UMET - Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Lille, France
| | - Christelle Lemy
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207 - UMET - Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Lille, France
| | - Frederic Krzewinski
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | - Christine Faille
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207 - UMET - Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Lille, France
| | - Thomas Dubois
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207 - UMET - Unité Matériaux et Transformations, Lille, France
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20
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Son B, Kim Y, Yu B, Kong M. Isolation and Characterization of a Weizmannia coagulans Bacteriophage Youna2 and Its Endolysin PlyYouna2. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 33:1050-1056. [PMID: 37218442 PMCID: PMC10468668 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2303.03021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Weizmannia coagulans (formerly Bacillus coagulans) is Gram-positive, and spore-forming bacteria causing food spoilage, especially in acidic canned food products. To control W. coagulans, we isolated a bacteriophage Youna2 from a sewage sludge sample. Morphological analysis revealed that phage Youna2 belongs to the Siphoviridae family with a non-contractile and flexible tail. Youna2 has 52,903 bp double-stranded DNA containing 61 open reading frames. There are no lysogeny-related genes, suggesting that Youna2 is a virulent phage. plyYouna2, a putative endolysin gene was identified in the genome of Youna2 and predicted to be composed of a N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase domain (PF01520) at the N-terminus and unknown function DUF5776 domain (PF19087) at the C-terminus. While phage Youna2 has a narrow host range, infecting only certain strains of W. coagulans, PlyYouna2 exhibited a broad antimicrobial spectrum beyond the Bacillus genus. Interestingly, PlyYouna2 can lyse Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Yersinia enterocolitica, Pseudomonas putida and Cronobacter sakazakii without other additives to destabilize bacterial outer membrane. To the best of our knowledge, Youna2 is the first W. coagulans-infecting phage and we speculate its endolysin PlyYouna2 can provide the basis for the development of a novel biocontrol agent against various foodborne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bokyung Son
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Youna Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Booyoung Yu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsuk Kong
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
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21
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Xia J, Jiang N, Zhang B, Sun R, Zhu Y, Xu W, Wang C, Liu Q, Ma Y. Bacterial Changes in Boiled Crayfish between Different Storage Periods and Characterizations of the Specific Spoilage Bacteria. Foods 2023; 12:3006. [PMID: 37628005 PMCID: PMC10453257 DOI: 10.3390/foods12163006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated changes in the microbial compositions of crayfish tails during storage at 4 °C (for 0-12 days) as measured using high-throughput sequencing (HTS). The specific spoilage organisms (SSOs) in the crayfish tails were isolated using culture-dependent cultivation methods, and they were identified by 16S rRNA and characterized for their enzymatic spoilage potentials (e.g., protease, lipase, phospholipase, and amylase). The spoilage abilities of the selected strains in the crayfish tails were assessed by inoculating them into real food. Moreover, the microbial growth and the volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) changes were monitored during the storage period. The results from the HTS showed that the dominant genus of shrimp tails evolved from Streptococcus (D0) to Pseudomonas (D4) and, finally, to Paenisporosarcina (D12) during storage. Seven bacterial species (Acinetobacter lwoffii, Aeromonas veronii, Kurthia gibsonii, Pseudomonas sp., Exiguobacterium aurantiacum, Lelliottia amnigena, and Citrobacter freundii) were screened from the spoiled shrimp tails by the culture-dependent method, among which Aeromonas veronii had the strongest spoilage ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangyue Xia
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood, College of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China;
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (R.S.); (Y.Z.); (W.X.); (C.W.); (Q.L.); (Y.M.)
- Integrated Scientific Research Base for Preservation, Storage and Processing Technology of Aquatic Products of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (R.S.); (Y.Z.); (W.X.); (C.W.); (Q.L.); (Y.M.)
- Integrated Scientific Research Base for Preservation, Storage and Processing Technology of Aquatic Products of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood, College of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China;
| | - Rongxue Sun
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (R.S.); (Y.Z.); (W.X.); (C.W.); (Q.L.); (Y.M.)
- Integrated Scientific Research Base for Preservation, Storage and Processing Technology of Aquatic Products of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yongzhi Zhu
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (R.S.); (Y.Z.); (W.X.); (C.W.); (Q.L.); (Y.M.)
- Integrated Scientific Research Base for Preservation, Storage and Processing Technology of Aquatic Products of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Weicheng Xu
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (R.S.); (Y.Z.); (W.X.); (C.W.); (Q.L.); (Y.M.)
- Integrated Scientific Research Base for Preservation, Storage and Processing Technology of Aquatic Products of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (R.S.); (Y.Z.); (W.X.); (C.W.); (Q.L.); (Y.M.)
- Integrated Scientific Research Base for Preservation, Storage and Processing Technology of Aquatic Products of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Qianyuan Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (R.S.); (Y.Z.); (W.X.); (C.W.); (Q.L.); (Y.M.)
- Integrated Scientific Research Base for Preservation, Storage and Processing Technology of Aquatic Products of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yanhong Ma
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; (R.S.); (Y.Z.); (W.X.); (C.W.); (Q.L.); (Y.M.)
- Integrated Scientific Research Base for Preservation, Storage and Processing Technology of Aquatic Products of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China
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22
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Jia Z, Zhou J, Han J, Liu D, Lv R. Proteomics-based analysis of the stress response of Bacillus cereus spores under ultrasound and electrolyzed water treatment. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 98:106523. [PMID: 37453258 PMCID: PMC10368921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound is a green nonthermal technology with promising applications in microbial inactivation. Electrolyzed water has been investigated and found to have a synergistic inactivation effect of ultrasound on spores. This study used a data-independent-acquisition method to analyze the stress response of Bacillus cereus spores following ultrasound combined with electrolyzed water treatment. We identified 197 differentially expressed proteins under ultrasound combined with an electrolyzed water treatment for which the ratio in the metabolic pathway was the highest. Spores downregulated key proteins in energy metabolic and transportation pathways, in particular in phosphotransferase systems and ATP synthase under ultrasound, electrolyzed water, and combined stress. The results of this study revealed that the key proteins in intracellular metabolism decreased after ultrasound treatment, and the expression of small acid-soluble spore protein and cell wall biosynthesis protein increased. Meanwhile, DNA integration, recombination, and inversion protein and small acid-soluble spore protein were upregulated after electrolyzed water treatment. In general, the spores exhibited stress resistance under external stress. The inactivation of spores by further stress was reduced, which we called "cross-protection."
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Jia
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | | | - Jingzeng Han
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Donghong Liu
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ruiling Lv
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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23
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Shen G, Yang L, Lv X, Zhang Y, Hou X, Li M, Zhou M, Pan L, Chen A, Zhang Z. Antibiofilm Activity and Mechanism of Linalool against Food Spoilage Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10980. [PMID: 37446158 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pellicle biofilm-forming bacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens are the major spoilage microorganisms of soy products. Due to their inherent resistance to antibiotics and disinfectants, pellicle biofilms formed are difficult to eliminate and represent a threat to food safety. Here, we assessed linalool's ability to prevent the pellicle of two spoilage B. amyloliquefaciens strains. The minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) of linalool against B. amyloliquefaciens DY1a and DY1b was 4 μL/mL and 8 μL/mL, respectively. The MBIC of linalool had a considerable eradication rate of 77.15% and 83.21% on the biofilm of the two strains, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy observations revealed that less wrinkly and thinner pellicle biofilms formed on a medium supplemented with 1/2 MBIC and 1/4 MBIC linalool. Also, linalool inhibited cell motility and the production of extracellular polysaccharides and proteins of the biofilm matrix. Furthermore, linalool exposure reduced the cell surface hydrophobicity, zeta potential, and cell auto-aggregation of B. amyloliquefaciens. Molecular docking analysis demonstrated that linalool interacted strongly with quorum-sensing ComP receptor and biofilm matrix assembly TasA through intermolecular hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic contacts, and van der Waals forces interacting with site residues. Overall, our findings suggest that linalool may be employed as a potential antibiofilm agent to control food spoilage B. amyloliquefaciens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Shen
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Lu Yang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Xinyu Lv
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Yingfan Zhang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Xiaoyan Hou
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Meiliang Li
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Man Zhou
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Le Pan
- Chemical Engineering College, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
| | - Anjun Chen
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Zhiqing Zhang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
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24
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Gao Y, Amon JD, Artzi L, Ramírez-Guadiana FH, Brock KP, Cofsky JC, Marks DS, Kruse AC, Rudner DZ. Bacterial spore germination receptors are nutrient-gated ion channels. Science 2023; 380:387-391. [PMID: 37104613 PMCID: PMC11154005 DOI: 10.1126/science.adg9829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial spores resist antibiotics and sterilization and can remain metabolically inactive for decades, but they can rapidly germinate and resume growth in response to nutrients. Broadly conserved receptors embedded in the spore membrane detect nutrients, but how spores transduce these signals remains unclear. Here, we found that these receptors form oligomeric membrane channels. Mutations predicted to widen the channel initiated germination in the absence of nutrients, whereas those that narrow it prevented ion release and germination in response to nutrients. Expressing receptors with widened channels during vegetative growth caused loss of membrane potential and cell death, whereas the addition of germinants to cells expressing wild-type receptors triggered membrane depolarization. Therefore, germinant receptors act as nutrient-gated ion channels such that ion release initiates exit from dormancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Gao
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical ScF(2hool, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston MA 02115
| | - Jeremy D. Amon
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical ScF(2hool, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston MA 02115
- Present Address: Moderna Genomics, 200 Technology Square, Cambridge MA 02139
| | - Lior Artzi
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical ScF(2hool, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston MA 02115
- Present Address: Evolved By Nature, 196 Boston Ave, Medford MA 02155
| | | | - Kelly P. Brock
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston MA 02115
- Present Address: Kernal Biologics, 238 Main Street, Cambrdige MA 02142
| | - Joshua C. Cofsky
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, 250 Longwood Avenue, Boston MA 02115
| | - Deborah S. Marks
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston MA 02115
| | - Andrew C. Kruse
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, 250 Longwood Avenue, Boston MA 02115
| | - David Z. Rudner
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical ScF(2hool, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston MA 02115
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25
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Bacillus species in food fermentations: an under-appreciated group of organisms for safe use in food fermentations. Curr Opin Food Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2023.101007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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26
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Kamal I, Ashfaq UA, Hayat S, Aslam B, Sarfraz MH, Yaseen H, Rajoka MSR, Shah AA, Khurshid M. Prospects of antimicrobial peptides as an alternative to chemical preservatives for food safety. Biotechnol Lett 2023; 45:137-162. [PMID: 36504266 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-022-03328-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a potential alternative to antimicrobial agents that have got considerable research interest owing to their significant role in the inhibition of bacterial pathogens. These AMPs can essentially inhibit the growth and multiplication of microbes through multiple mechanisms including disruption of cellular membranes, inhibition of cell wall biosynthesis, or affecting intracellular components and cell division. Moreover, AMPs are biocompatible and biodegradable therefore, they can be a good alternative to antimicrobial agents and chemical preservatives. A few of their features for example thermostability and high selectivity are quite appealing for their potential use in the food industry for food preservation to prevent the spoilage caused by microorganisms and foodborne pathogens. Despite these advantages, very few AMPs are being used at an industrial scale for food preservation as these peptides are quite vulnerable to external environmental factors which deter their practical applications and commercialization. The review aims to provide an outline of the mechanism of action of AMPs and their prospects as an alternative to chemical preservatives in the food industry. Further studies related to the structure-activity relationship of AMPs will help to expand the understanding of their mechanism of action and to determine specific conditions to increase their stability and applicability in food preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Kamal
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Usman Ali Ashfaq
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sumreen Hayat
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Aslam
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Hamna Yaseen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid Riaz Rajoka
- Laboratory of Animal Food Function, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Asad Ali Shah
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Mohsin Khurshid
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
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27
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Romero-Rodríguez A, Ruiz-Villafán B, Martínez-de la Peña CF, Sánchez S. Targeting the Impossible: A Review of New Strategies against Endospores. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020248. [PMID: 36830159 PMCID: PMC9951900 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Endospore-forming bacteria are ubiquitous, and their endospores can be present in food, in domestic animals, and on contaminated surfaces. Many spore-forming bacteria have been used in biotechnological applications, while others are human pathogens responsible for a wide range of critical clinical infections. Due to their resistant properties, it is challenging to eliminate spores and avoid the reactivation of latent spores that may lead to active infections. Furthermore, endospores play an essential role in the survival, transmission, and pathogenesis of some harmful strains that put human and animal health at risk. Thus, different methods have been applied for their eradication. Nevertheless, natural products are still a significant source for discovering and developing new antibiotics. Moreover, targeting the spore for clinical pathogens such as Clostridioides difficile is essential to disease prevention and therapeutics. These strategies could directly aim at the structural components of the spore or their germination process. This work summarizes the current advances in upcoming strategies and the development of natural products against endospores. This review also intends to highlight future perspectives in research and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Romero-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
- Correspondence:
| | - Beatriz Ruiz-Villafán
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Claudia Fabiola Martínez-de la Peña
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72592, Mexico
| | - Sergio Sánchez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
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28
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Chitosan-based Maillard self-reaction products: formation, characterization, antioxidant and antimicrobial potential. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2022.100257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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29
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Inanoglu S, Barbosa-Cánovas GV, Sablani SS, Zhu MJ, Keener L, Tang J. High-pressure pasteurization of low-acid chilled ready-to-eat food. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:4939-4970. [PMID: 36329575 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The working population growth have created greater consumer demand for ready-to-eat (RTE) foods. Pasteurization is one of the most common preservation methods for commercial production of low-acid RTE cold-chain products. Proper selection of a pasteurization method plays an important role not only in ensuring microbial safety but also in maintaining food quality during storage. Better retention of flavor, color, appearance, and nutritional value of RTE products is one of the reasons for the food industry to adopt novel technologies such as high-pressure processing (HPP) as a substitute or complementary technology for thermal pasteurization. HPP has been used industrially for the pasteurization of high-acid RTE products. Yet, this method is not commonly used for pasteurization of low-acid RTE food products, due primarily to the need of additional heating to thermally inactivate spores, coupled with relatively long treatment times resulting in high processing costs. Practical Application: Food companies would like to adopt novel technologies such as HPP instead of using conventional thermal processes, yet there is a lack of information on spoilage and the shelf-life of pasteurized low-acid RTE foods (by different novel pasteurization methods including HPP) in cold storage. This article provides an overview of the microbial concerns and related regulatory guidelines for the pasteurization of low-acid RTE foods and summarizes the effects of HPP in terms of microbiology (both pathogens and spoilage microorganisms), quality, and shelf-life on low-acid RTE foods. This review also includes the most recent research articles regarding a comparison between HPP pasteurization and thermal pasteurization treatments and the limitations of HPP for low-acid chilled RTE foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeyye Inanoglu
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Gustavo V Barbosa-Cánovas
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA.,Center for Nonthermal Processing of Food, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Shyam S Sablani
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Mei-Jun Zhu
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Larry Keener
- International Product Safety Consultants, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Juming Tang
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
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30
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Pacher N, Burtscher J, Johler S, Etter D, Bender D, Fieseler L, Domig KJ. Ropiness in Bread-A Re-Emerging Spoilage Phenomenon. Foods 2022; 11:3021. [PMID: 36230100 PMCID: PMC9564316 DOI: 10.3390/foods11193021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As bread is a very important staple food, its spoilage threatens global food security. Ropy bread spoilage manifests in sticky and stringy degradation of the crumb, slime formation, discoloration, and an odor reminiscent of rotting fruit. Increasing consumer demand for preservative-free products and global warming may increase the occurrence of ropy spoilage. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, B. subtilis, B. licheniformis, the B. cereus group, B. pumilus, B. sonorensis, Cytobacillus firmus, Niallia circulans, Paenibacillus polymyxa, and Priestia megaterium were reported to cause ropiness in bread. Process hygiene does not prevent ropy spoilage, as contamination of flour with these Bacillus species is unavoidable due to their occurrence as a part of the endophytic commensal microbiota of wheat and the formation of heat-stable endospores that are not inactivated during processing, baking, or storage. To date, the underlying mechanisms behind ropy bread spoilage remain unclear, high-throughput screening tools to identify rope-forming bacteria are missing, and only a limited number of strategies to reduce rope spoilage were described. This review provides a current overview on (i) routes of entry of Bacillus endospores into bread, (ii) bacterial species implicated in rope spoilage, (iii) factors influencing rope development, and (iv) methods used to assess bacterial rope-forming potential. Finally, we pinpoint key gaps in knowledge and related challenges, as well as future research questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Pacher
- Institute of Food Science, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johanna Burtscher
- Institute of Food Science, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sophia Johler
- Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 272, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Danai Etter
- Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 272, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Denisse Bender
- Institute of Food Science, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lars Fieseler
- Institute of Food and Beverage Innovation, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Einsiedlerstrasse 31, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Konrad J. Domig
- Institute of Food Science, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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31
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Żebrowska J, Żołnierkiewicz O, Ponikowska M, Puchalski M, Krawczun N, Makowska J, Skowron P. Cloning and Characterization of a Thermostable Endolysin of Bacteriophage TP-84 as a Potential Disinfectant and Biofilm-Removing Biological Agent. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:7612. [PMID: 35886960 PMCID: PMC9325043 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The obligatory step in the life cycle of a lytic bacteriophage is the release of its progeny particles from infected bacterial cells. The main barrier to overcome is the cell wall, composed of crosslinked peptidoglycan, which counteracts the pressure prevailing in the cytoplasm and protects the cell against osmotic lysis and mechanical damage. Bacteriophages have developed two strategies leading to the release of progeny particles: the inhibition of peptidoglycan synthesis and enzymatic cleavage by a bacteriophage-coded endolysin. In this study, we cloned and investigated the TP84_28 endolysin of the bacteriophage TP-84, which infects thermophilic Geobacillus stearothermophilus, determined the enzymatic characteristics, and initially evaluated the endolysin application as a non-invasive agent for disinfecting surfaces, including those exposed to high temperatures. Both the native and recombinant TP84_28 endolysins, obtained through the Escherichia coli T7-lac expression system, are highly thermostable and retain trace activity after incubation at 100 °C for 30 min. The proteins exhibit strong bacterial wall digestion activity up to 77.6 °C, decreasing to marginal activity at ambient temperatures. We assayed the lysis of various types of bacteria using TP84_28 endolysins: Gram-positive, Gram-negative, encapsulated, and pathogenic. Significant lytic activity was observed on the thermophilic and mesophilic Gram-positive bacteria and, to a lesser extent, on the thermophilic and mesophilic Gram-negative bacteria. The thermostable TP84_28 endolysin seems to be a promising mild agent for disinfecting surfaces exposed to high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Żebrowska
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-309 Gdansk, Poland; (O.Ż.); (M.P.); (N.K.); (P.S.)
| | - Olga Żołnierkiewicz
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-309 Gdansk, Poland; (O.Ż.); (M.P.); (N.K.); (P.S.)
| | - Małgorzata Ponikowska
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-309 Gdansk, Poland; (O.Ż.); (M.P.); (N.K.); (P.S.)
| | - Michał Puchalski
- Laboratory of Biopolymers Structure, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology UG&MUG, University of Gdansk, 80-309 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Natalia Krawczun
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-309 Gdansk, Poland; (O.Ż.); (M.P.); (N.K.); (P.S.)
| | - Joanna Makowska
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-309 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Piotr Skowron
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-309 Gdansk, Poland; (O.Ż.); (M.P.); (N.K.); (P.S.)
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32
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Aly AA, Zaky EA, Khatab NR, Hameed AM, Kadasah S. The Biological and Chemical Ameliorative Effects of Bread Substituted with Dried Moringa Leaves. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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33
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Lamba S, Mundanda Muthappa D, Fanning S, Scannell AGM. Sporulation and Biofilms as Survival Mechanisms of Bacillus Species in Low-Moisture Food Production Environments. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2022; 19:448-462. [PMID: 35819266 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2022.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-moisture foods (LMF) have clear advantages with respect to limiting the growth of foodborne pathogens. However, the incidences of Bacillus species in LMF reported in recent years raise concerns about food quality and safety, particularly when these foods are used as ingredients in more complex higher moisture products. This literature review describes the interlinked pathways of sporulation and biofilm formation by Bacillus species and their underlying molecular mechanisms that contribute to the bacteriums' persistence in LMF production environments. The long-standing challenges of food safety and quality in the LMF industry are also discussed with a focus on the bakery industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi Lamba
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD Centre for Food Safety, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, and Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dechamma Mundanda Muthappa
- UCD Centre for Food Safety, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, and Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Séamus Fanning
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD Centre for Food Safety, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Amalia G M Scannell
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD Centre for Food Safety, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, and Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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34
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Effect of Hurdle Approaches Using Conventional and Moderate Thermal Processing Technologies for Microbial Inactivation in Fruit and Vegetable Products. Foods 2022; 11:foods11121811. [PMID: 35742009 PMCID: PMC9222969 DOI: 10.3390/foods11121811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermal processing of packaged fruit and vegetable products is targeted at eliminating microbial contaminants (related to spoilage or pathogenicity) and extending shelf life using microbial inactivation or/and by reducing enzymatic activity in the food. The conventional process of thermal processing involves sterilization (canning and retorting) and pasteurization. The parameters used to design the thermal processing regime depend on the time (minutes) required to eliminate a known population of bacteria in a given food matrix under specified conditions. However, due to the effect of thermal exposure on the sensitive nutrients such as vitamins or bioactive compounds present in fruits and vegetables, alternative technologies and their combinations are required to minimize nutrient loss. The novel moderate thermal regimes aim to eliminate bacterial contaminants while retaining nutritional quality. This review focuses on the “thermal” processing regimes for fruit and vegetable products, including conventional sterilization and pasteurization as well as mild to moderate thermal techniques such as pressure-assisted thermal sterilization (PATS), microwave-assisted thermal sterilization (MATS) and pulsed electric field (PEF) in combination with thermal treatment as a hurdle approach or a combined regime.
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35
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Neokleous I, Tarapata J, Papademas P. Nonthermal turbulent flow
ultraviolet‐C
(
UV‐C
) radiation processing for cheese whey‐brines purification. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0307.12883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Neokleous
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science Cyprus University of Technology Limassol Cyprus
| | - Justyna Tarapata
- Department of Dairy Science and Quality Management, Faculty of Food Sciences University of Warmia and Mazury Olsztyn Poland
| | - Photis Papademas
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science Cyprus University of Technology Limassol Cyprus
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36
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Relevant safety aspects of raw milk for dairy foods processing. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2022; 100:211-264. [PMID: 35659353 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The concern with food safety in the milk chain begins with the quality of the raw milk. Due to the health hazard that this food can carry when contaminated, the focus of studies has turned to microbiological and chemical contaminants that may be present in raw milk. There is an essential concern about conventional pathogens (Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Campylobacter spp., Salmonella spp., and coagulase-positive Staphylococcus spp.) and emerging pathogens (Arcobacter butzleri, Yersinia enterocolitica, Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis, Helicobacter pylori, and Cronobacter sakazakii) found in raw milk and dairy products. In addition, a growing public health issue has been raised regarding antimicrobial-resistant pathogens and commensal strains found in milk and dairy products. The antibiotic residues in milk can also damage health, such as allergies, and cause technological problems in dairy products processing. This health issue extends to other chemical contaminants such as heavy metals, pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, melamine, dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls, plasticizers, and additives in milk and dairy products. Other chemical substances formed by microorganisms are also of high importance, such as biogenic amines and mycotoxins. Therefore, this chapter aimed to revise and discuss relevant biological and chemical risks to ensure the safety and quality of raw milk and dairy products.
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37
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Geobacillus stearothermophilus STCC4517 spore suspensions showed survival curves with shoulder phenomena independent of sporulation temperature and pH, whose duration was an exponential function of treatment temperature. Food Microbiol 2022; 104:103969. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2021.103969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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38
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Assessment of Spoilage Microbiota of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during Storage by 16S rDNA Sequencing. J FOOD QUALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/5367984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the high contents of protein and fat in rainbow trout, it is highly susceptible to spoilage, which limits the storage and transportation processes. Exploring the spoilage microbial community during rainbow trout storage is essential to develop an effective preservation method. Here, the changes in the total bacterial colony and total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) during the storage of rainbow trout were investigated. Storage at 0 °C can effectively slow down the spoilage process with bacterial counts and TVB-N contents decreased from 8.7 log CFU/g and 18.7 mg/100 g obtained at 4 °C to 5.6 log CFU/g and 14.5 mg/100 g, respectively. 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing results showed that the diversity of microbial genera decreased during storage. Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, and Shewanells gradually became the dominant spoilage genera with contents of 59.9%, 18.6%, and 1.7%, respectively, in the late stage of storage. The spoilage abilities of bacteria belonging to the Pseudomonas and Shewanells genera were analyzed. Shewanella sp. S5-52 showed the highest level of TVB-N content (100.6 mg/100 g) in sterile fish juice, indicating that it had a strong spoilage ability. This study confirmed the dominant spoilage bacterial genera and evaluated the spoilage abilities of isolated strains during the storage of rainbow trout, which laid the foundation for further investigation of the spoilage mechanism of rainbow trout and other aquatic products.
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39
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40
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Insights into the Structure and Protein Composition of Moorella thermoacetica Spores Formed at Different Temperatures. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23010550. [PMID: 35008975 PMCID: PMC8745062 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The bacterium Moorella thermoacetica produces the most heat-resistant spores of any spoilage-causing microorganism known in the food industry. Previous work by our group revealed that the resistance of these spores to wet heat and biocides was lower when spores were produced at a lower temperature than the optimal temperature. Here, we used electron microcopy to characterize the ultrastructure of the coat of the spores formed at different sporulation temperatures; we found that spores produced at 55 °C mainly exhibited a lamellar inner coat tightly associated with a diffuse outer coat, while spores produced at 45 °C showed an inner and an outer coat separated by a less electron-dense zone. Moreover, misarranged coat structures were more frequently observed when spores were produced at the lower temperature. We then analyzed the proteome of the spores obtained at either 45 °C or 55 °C with respect to proteins putatively involved in the spore coat, exosporium, or in spore resistance. Some putative spore coat proteins, such as CotSA, were only identified in spores produced at 55 °C; other putative exosporium and coat proteins were significantly less abundant in spores produced at 45 °C. Altogether, our results suggest that sporulation temperature affects the structure and protein composition of M. thermoacetica spores.
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41
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Wu WJ, Chang J. Inactivation of vegetative cells, germinated spores, and dormant spores of
Bacillus atrophaeus
by pulsed electric field with fixed energy input. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jie Wu
- Department of Radiation Physics The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology Hangzhou China
| | - Jinhui Chang
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China
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42
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Obata F, Murota H, Shibata S, Ozuru R, Fujii J. Investigation of Bacteria from Spoiled Bottled Salad Dressing Leading to Gas Explosion. Yonago Acta Med 2022; 65:207-214. [DOI: 10.33160/yam.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fumiko Obata
- Division of Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Hiromi Murota
- Division of Clinical Laboratory, Tottori University Hospital, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Satoshi Shibata
- Division of Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Ryo Ozuru
- Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Jun Fujii
- Division of Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
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43
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Lv R, Liu D, Zhou J. Bacterial spore inactivation by non-thermal technologies: resistance and inactivation mechanisms. Curr Opin Food Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2020.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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44
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Fekraoui F, Ferret É, Paniel N, Auvy O, Chamontin C, André S, Simonin H, Perrier-Cornet JM. Cycling versus Continuous High Pressure treatments at moderate temperatures: Effect on bacterial spores? INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2021.102828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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45
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Sun R, Vermeulen A, Wieme AD, Vandamme P, Devlieghere F. Identification and characterization of acid-tolerant spore-forming spoilage bacteria from acidified and low-acid pasteurized sauces. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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46
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Inanoglu S, Barbosa-Cánovas GV, Tang Z, Liu F, Sablani SS, Zhu MJ, Tang J. Qualities of High Pressure and Microwave-Assisted Thermally Pasteurized Ready-to-Eat Green Beans During Refrigerated Storage at 2 and 7 °C. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-021-02736-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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47
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Lv R, Liu D, Wang W, Xu E, Ding T, Ye X, Zhou J. Proteomic response and molecular regulatory mechanisms of Bacillus cereus spores under ultrasound treatment. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 78:105732. [PMID: 34474268 PMCID: PMC8411229 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed at providing new insights on the proteomic response of bacterial spores to ultrasound. Data-independent-acquisition method was used to quantify the proteome change of Bacillus cereus spores after ultrasound treatment (200 W). This study revealed that 2485 proteins were extracted from Bacillus cereus spores, most of them were related to metabolism. After ultrasound treatment, the expression of 340 proteins were significantly changed (the fold change ≥ 2 and p < 0.05), of which 207 proteins were significantly down-regulated. KEGG pathway analysis showed that differentially expressed proteins mainly distributed in metabolism pathway, cell process pathway and genetic information processing pathway after ultrasound treatment. Furthermore, this study analyzed the differentially expressed proteins in significant enrichment pathways. In particular, the expression of key proteins in the phosphorylation reaction of spores was significantly decreased after ultrasound treatment. Thus, ATP synthesis rate decreased and the phosphorylation reaction inhibited. Also, the decrease of the expression of key proteins related to the tricarboxylic acid cycle led to the decrease of nutrients metabolism of spores. Ultrasound treatment induced the down-regulation of fatty acid synthetase expression and promoted fatty acid metabolism at the same time. The content of fatty acids decreased in spores consequently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiling Lv
- NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Donghong Liu
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Enbo Xu
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tian Ding
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xingqian Ye
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China; College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China.
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48
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Hussain Chan MW, Mirani ZA, Khan MN, Ali A, Khan AB, Asadullah, Rauf N. Isolation and characterization of small colony variants of Staphylococcus aureus in various food samples. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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49
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Microbial inhibitory properties of maltodextrin fatty acid esters against food-related microorganisms. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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50
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Bassey AP, Ye K, Li C, Zhou G. Transcriptomic-proteomic integration: A powerful synergy to elucidate the mechanisms of meat spoilage in the cold chain. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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