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Tian Y, Ming J. The role of circadian rhythm in osteoporosis; a review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:960456. [PMID: 36238690 PMCID: PMC9550872 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.960456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is characterized by a high incidence rate, with significant effects on people’s lives. The underlying mechanisms are complex, with no treatments for the condition. Recent studies have indicated that melatonin can be used to treat osteoporosis by promoting osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, and inhibiting osteoclast differentiation. Specifically, in vivo mechanisms are initiated by stabilizing biological rhythms in bone tissue. In healthy organisms, these biological rhythms are present in bone tissue, and are characterized by bone formation during the day, and bone resorption at night. When this rhythm is disrupted, osteoporosis occurs. Thus, taking appropriate medication at different times of the day could produce different effects on osteoporosis rhythms. In this review, we characterized these processes, and provided treatments and management strategies for individuals with osteoporosis.
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Al-Sobayil F, Sadan MA, El-Shafaey ES, Ahmed AF. Can bone marrow aspirate improve mandibular fracture repair in camels ( Camelus dromedarius)? A preliminary study. J Vet Sci 2021; 21:e90. [PMID: 33263237 PMCID: PMC7710458 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2020.21.e90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mandibular fractures are common in camels, leading to considerable economic losses. This study explored methods of improving mandibular fractures repair, adjuvant with interdental wire, or bone plate fixation. Autologous bone marrow (BM) injection enhances osteogenesis and rapid healing. Objectives To investigate the effect of autologous BM aspirate as an adjuvant treatment for repairing mandibular fractures in camels with interdental wire, or bone plate fixation. Methods Thirty dromedary camels aged 5–8 years and of both sexes were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups: group 1 (n = 10) treated with stainless steel wire fixation and BM injection at the fracture line, group 2 (n = 10) treated with plate fixation and BM injection at the fracture line, group 3 (n = 5) treated with stainless steel bone wire fixation and placebo saline injection at the fracture line, and group 4 (n = 5) treated with plate fixation and placebo injection at the fracture line. The mandibular fractures were followed weekly for 12 weeks postoperatively to assess improvement and healing based on clinical evaluation, radiographic union scale, and bone turnover markers (i.e., bone alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, pyridinoline, and deoxypyridinoline). Results Compared to other groups, elevated bone turnover markers in group 1 were demonstrated (p < 0.05) on the seventh postoperative day. Likewise, compared to other groups, both clinical findings and radiographic union scale significantly improved (p < 0.05) in group 1 on the 56th postoperative day. Conclusions BM aspirate has a promising beneficial osteogenic effect on mandibular fracture repair in camels, most notably when combined with interdental wire fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahd Al-Sobayil
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Madeh A Sadan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Qassim, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - El Sayed El-Shafaey
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Qassim, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed F Ahmed
- Department of Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
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Saadeldin IM, Swelum AAA, Noreldin AE, Tukur HA, Abdelazim AM, Abomughaid MM, Alowaimer AN. Isolation and Culture of Skin-Derived Differentiated and Stem-Like Cells Obtained from the Arabian Camel ( Camelus dromedarius). Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9060378. [PMID: 31226810 PMCID: PMC6616910 DOI: 10.3390/ani9060378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This is the first comprehensive study to isolate different cellular types and stem-like cells from the camel skin. We reported the multipotency of the isolated stem cells. Moreover, some unique cells were observed, such as dermal cyst-forming cells. This discovery represents a cheap and easy source for camel stem cells that is essential for development of the elite camel regenerative medicine and provides a good source of camel fibroblast required for camel cloning. Abstract Elite camels often suffer from massive injuries. Thus, there is a pivotal need for a cheap and readily available regenerative medicine source. We isolated novel stem-like cells from camel skin and investigated their multipotency and resistance against various stresses. Skin samples were isolated from ears of five camels. Fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and spheroid progenitors were extracted. After separation of different cell lines by trypsinization, all cell lines were exposed to heat shock. Then, fibroblasts and dermal cyst-forming cells were examined under cryopreservation. Dermal cyst-forming cells were evaluated for resistance against osmotic pressure. The results revealed that resistance periods against trypsin were 1.5, 4, and 7 min for fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and spheroid progenitors, respectively. Furthermore, complete recovery of different cell lines after heat shock along with the differentiation of spheroid progenitors into neurons was observed. Fibroblasts and spheroid progenitors retained cell proliferation after cryopreservation. Dermal cyst-forming cells regained their normal structure after collapsing by osmotic pressure. The spheroid progenitors incubated in the adipogenic, osteogenic, and neurogenic media differentiated into adipocyte-, osteoblast-, and neuron-like cells, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, we isolated different unique cellular types and stem-like cells from the camel skin and examined their multipotency for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam M Saadeldin
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| | - Ayman Abdel-Aziz Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed E Noreldin
- Histology and Cytology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt.
| | - Hammed A Tukur
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Aaser M Abdelazim
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| | - Mosleh M Abomughaid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdullah N Alowaimer
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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Insights into the Role of Circadian Rhythms in Bone Metabolism: A Promising Intervention Target? BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:9156478. [PMID: 30363685 PMCID: PMC6180976 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9156478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Numerous physiological processes of mammals, including bone metabolism, are regulated by the circadian clock system, which consists of a central regulator, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), and the peripheral oscillators of the BMAL1/CLOCK-PERs/CRYs system. Various bone turnover markers and bone metabolism-regulating hormones such as melatonin and parathyroid hormone (PTH) display diurnal rhythmicity. According to previous research, disruption of the circadian clock due to shift work, sleep restriction, or clock gene knockout is associated with osteoporosis or other abnormal bone metabolism, showing the importance of the circadian clock system for maintaining homeostasis of bone metabolism. Moreover, common causes of osteoporosis, including postmenopausal status and aging, are associated with changes in the circadian clock. In our previous research, we found that agonism of the circadian regulators REV-ERBs inhibits osteoclast differentiation and ameliorates ovariectomy-induced bone loss in mice, suggesting that clock genes may be promising intervention targets for abnormal bone metabolism. Moreover, osteoporosis interventions at different time points can provide varying degrees of bone protection, showing the importance of accounting for circadian rhythms for optimal curative effects in clinical treatment of osteoporosis. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about circadian rhythms and bone metabolism.
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Mitchell A, Wright G, Sampson SN, Martin M, Cummings K, Gaddy D, Watts AE. Clodronate improves lameness in horses without changing bone turnover markers. Equine Vet J 2018; 51:356-363. [DOI: 10.1111/evj.13011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Mitchell
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences Cornell University Ithaca New York USA
| | - G. Wright
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology Cornell University Ithaca New York USA
| | - S. N. Sampson
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences Cornell University Ithaca New York USA
| | - M. Martin
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences Cornell University Ithaca New York USA
| | - K. Cummings
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences Cornell University Ithaca New York USA
| | - D. Gaddy
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences Texas A&M University College Station Texas USA
| | - A. E. Watts
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences Cornell University Ithaca New York USA
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Tharwat M, Al-Sobayil F. Influence of electro-ejaculator on serum concentrations of acute phase proteins and bone metabolism biomarkers in male dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius). JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2018.1490299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Tharwat
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Fahd Al-Sobayil
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Haidary AA, Abdoun KA, Samara EM, Okab AB, Sani M, Refinetti R. Daily rhythms of physiological parameters in the dromedary camel under natural and laboratory conditions. Res Vet Sci 2016; 107:273-277. [PMID: 27474007 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Camels are well adapted to hot arid environments and can contribute significantly to the economy of developing countries in arid regions of the world. Full understanding of the physiology of camels requires understanding of the internal temporal order of the body, as reflected in daily or circadian rhythms. In the current study, we investigated the daily rhythmicity of 20 physiological variables in camels exposed to natural oscillations of ambient temperature in a desert environment and compared the daily temporal courses of the variables. We also studied the rhythm of core body temperature under experimental conditions with constant ambient temperature in the presence and absence of a light-dark cycle. The obtained results indicated that different physiological variables exhibit different degrees of daily rhythmicity and reach their daily peaks at different times of the day, starting with plasma cholesterol, which peaks 24min after midnight, and ending with plasma calcium, which peaks 3h before midnight. Furthermore, the rhythm of core body temperature persisted in the absence of environmental rhythmicity, thus confirming its endogenous nature. The observed delay in the acrophase of core body temperature rhythm under constant conditions suggests that the circadian period is longer than 24h. Further studies with more refined experimental manipulation of different variables are needed to fully elucidate the causal network of circadian rhythms in dromedary camels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Al-Haidary
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid A Abdoun
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad M Samara
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aly B Okab
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mamane Sani
- MRU Biomonitoring and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Maradi, Maradi, Niger
| | - Roberto Refinetti
- Circadian Rhythm Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
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Tharwat M, Al-Sobayil F, Buczinski S. Influence of racing on the serum concentrations of acute-phase proteins and bone metabolism biomarkers in racing greyhounds. Vet J 2014; 202:372-7. [PMID: 25294662 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the influence of racing on the serum concentrations of the acute-phase proteins (APPs) C-reactive protein (CRP), haptoglobin (Hp) and serum amyloid A (SAA) in 32 endurance-racing greyhounds. The study also aimed to investigate the effect of a 7 km race on the bone biomarkers osteocalcin (OC), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (b-ALP) and pyridinoline cross-links (PYD). Total white blood cell (WBC) count, and the serum concentrations of cortisol, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), vitamin D and testosterone were also determined. Blood samples were collected 24 h prior to (T0) and within 2 h of completion of the race (T1). Compared to baseline values, WBC count did not change significantly (P = 0.2300), serum cortisol, Hp and SAA increased, while TNF-α and CRP decreased (P <0.0001 for each). There were no significant differences between the pre- and post-race serum concentrations of OC and PYD (P = 0.9500 and P = 0.2600, respectively), but serum b-ALP increased significantly (P = 0.0004). Serum concentrations of vitamin D and testosterone increased after racing (P = 0.0100 and P <0.0001, respectively). In this study, a 7 km race stimulated an acute-phase response, demonstrated by significant increases in the serum concentrations Hp and SAA in racing greyhounds. Increased serum b-ALP post-race probably indicates a change in bone metabolism and deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tharwat
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia; Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - F Al-Sobayil
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Buczinski
- Bovine Ambulatory Clinic, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Canada.
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Matsuo A, Togashi A, Sasaki K, Devkota B, Hirata TI, Yamagishi N. Diurnal variation of plasma bone markers in Japanese black calves. J Vet Med Sci 2014; 76:1029-32. [PMID: 24646502 PMCID: PMC4143644 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.14-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate diurnal variation of plasma bone markers, blood samples were
collected from five calves at 2-hr intervals throughout a 24-hr period. Tartrate-resistant
acid phosphatase isoform 5b (TRAP5b), carboxy-terminal collagen crosslinks of type-I
collagen (CTX), hydroxyproline, bone specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) and osteocalcin
were measured. Cosinor analysis showed a significant rhythm in all bone markers. The
acrophase of each bone marker appeared from the early to late morning. The percentage
ratio of the amplitude to mesor and the within-subject variability for CTx and osteocalcin
were significantly larger than those for TRAP5b and BALP. This marked diurnal variation in
five bone markers suggested that the time of blood sampling should be fixed when studying
bone marker concentrations in bovine plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asako Matsuo
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan
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Isolation, characterization, and mesodermic differentiation of stem cells from adipose tissue of camel (Camelus dromedarius). In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2013; 49:147-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s11626-012-9578-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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