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Sachadyn-Król M, Budziak-Wieczorek I, Jackowska I. The Visibility of Changes in the Antioxidant Compound Profiles of Strawberry and Raspberry Fruits Subjected to Different Storage Conditions Using ATR-FTIR and Chemometrics. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1719. [PMID: 37760022 PMCID: PMC10525253 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Strawberry cultivars Portola and Enduro, as well as raspberry cultivars Enrosadira and Kwazi, were evaluated for their antioxidant potential after treatment with gaseous ozone and different refrigeration storage conditions. Their antioxidant capacity was investigated with ABTS and DPPH methods, and the chemical composition was determined by measuring the total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) compounds. The classification of different samples of berry puree was influenced significantly by both the cultivars and the refrigeration storage method. Moreover, FTIR spectroscopy coupled with chemometrics was used as an alternative technique to conventional methods to determine the chemical composition of strawberries and raspberries. The chemometric discrimination of samples was achieved using principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) modelling procedures performed on the FTIR preprocessed spectral data for the fingerprint region (1800-500 cm-1). The fingerprint range between 1500 and 500 cm-1, corresponding to deformation vibrations from polysaccharides, pectin and organic acid content, had a significant impact on the grouping of samples. The results obtained by PCA-LDA scores revealed a clear separation between four classes of samples and demonstrated a high overall classification rate of 97.5% in differentiating between the raspberry and strawberry cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iwona Budziak-Wieczorek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Food Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (M.S.-K.); (I.J.)
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Lei Y, Hannoufa A, Yu P. Effect of Transparent Testa8 (TT8) gene and Homeobox12 (HB12) gene silencing in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) on molecular structure spectral profile in relation to energy, degradation, and fermentation characteristics in ruminant systems. ANIMAL NUTRITION 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
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Prates LL, Yu P. Interconnection between protein-related chemical functional group spectral features of prairie oat (Avena sativa L.) varieties and ruminant relevant nutrition-Degradation, intestinal digestion and true nutrient supply to dairy cows. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2022; 107:783-793. [PMID: 36245266 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To our knowledge, the study interconnection between inherent chemical functional group spectral features and nutrient utilisation is still limited. The objective of this study was to test the adequacy of vibrational Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflectance (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy as a fast tool to assess the interactive relationship between the nutritive value of the Prairie cool-season oat (Avena sativa L.) varieties in dairy cows and inherent chemical functional group spectral features. The chemical functional group spectral features of the Prairie cool-season oat varieties in western Canada were determined by Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy. The protein-related spectral parameters of chemical functional groups included peak height and peak area intensity of Amide I, Amid II, protein structural α-helix and β-sheet, and their ratios. The rumen degradation kinetics were determined using in situ techniques with four rumen-canulated lactating dairy cows. The intestinal digestion was evaluated using a three-step in vitro technique with 12 h preincubation. The experiment was an randomized complete block design. The data were analysed using the mixed-model procedure of the Statistical Analysis System. The results showed that the interconnection between rumen degradation kinetics, intestinal digestion and true nutrient supply to dairy cows and protein-related chemical functional group spectral features could be revealed by ATR-FTIR with univariate and multi-variate spectral analyses. These findings indicate that ruminant relevant nutritive value of cool-season oats could be rapidly evaluated and predicted using oat-specific functional group spectral characteristics which could be obtained by a non-distractive bioanalytical tool of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana L Prates
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Peiqiang Yu
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Starch Properties, Nutrients Profiles, In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation and Molecular Structure of Corn Processed in Different Ways. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8070315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Processing will improve the digestion of corn by ruminant animals. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of processing methods (grinding, G; steam flaking, SF; extrusion, E) on the starch properties, nutrient profiles, in vitro ruminal fermentation and molecular structure of corn. Compared with G, SF and E increased (p < 0.05) the starch content, starch gelatinization, ruminal gas production (GP, 0.5–32 h), propionic acid, starch degradability (SD), the area and height of carbohydrate peaks, and decreased (p < 0.05) starch crystallinity, content of crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber, ruminal NH3-N, the area and height of amide I and II, α-helix, and β-sheet. The total VFA (24 h, 48 h) tended to be increased by SF and E (p < 0.10). The carbohydrate peak area and height were positively (p < 0.05) correlated with GP (1–24 h) and SD. The protein molecular absorption intensity was negatively correlated with SD (p < 0.05). The change in starch properties, GP (1–24 h) and molecular structure caused by E was greater than SF (p < 0.05). These results indicated that the higher starch gelatinization and lower starch crystallinity of E corn, induced by the high temperature and pressure, enabled more fermentation and digestion in the artificial rumen. The carbohydrate and protein molecular structures were correlated with the nutritional characteristics of corn.
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Neumann M, Santos LC, Askel EJ, Venancio BJ, Pontarolo GB, Cristo FB, Plodoviski DC, Silva EPE. Ruminal kinetics and degradability of energetic feedstuffs used in diets for ruminants. CIÊNCIA ANIMAL BRASILEIRA 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1809-6891v22e-68993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract This study aimed to evaluate energetic feedstuffs regarding chemical composition, in situ ruminal degradability of dry matter (DMD), ruminal kinetics and ruminal disappearance rate of dry matter. Seven feedstuffs (treatments) were evaluated: ground corn, ground oat, ground barley, wheat bran, soybean hull, malt root and corn germ, in a completely randomized design of four repetitions each. Two bovines ruminally cannulated were used for incubation, wherein each treatment was subjected to seven periods of exposure to the rumen (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 hours). Among the evaluated feedstuffs, soybean hull had the highest neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content (68.91%) and the lowest DMD at 24 h (64.91%). Ground barley and ground corn contained the lowest content of soluble fraction (SF) (26.34 and 28.7%, respectively), among which ground barley had the highest DMD at 24 h (90.48%) and therefore showed the highest rumen disappearance rate (2.50%.h-1) by combining both parameters, while the ground oat presented the highest SF (47.75%) and the lowest rumen disappearance rate (1.09%.h-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Neumann
- Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste (UNICENTRO), Brazil
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Lin H, Bean SR, Tilley M, Peiris KHS, Brabec D. Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Sorghum Grain Composition Including Protein and Tannins Using ATR-FTIR Spectroscopy. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-020-01874-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Gomaa WMS, Feng X, Zhang H, Zhang X, Zhang W, Yan X, Peng Q, Yu P. Application of advanced molecular spectroscopy and modern evaluation techniques in canola molecular structure and nutrition property research. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:3256-3266. [PMID: 32787447 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1798343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This review aims to provide research update and progress on applications of advanced molecular spectroscopy to current research on canola related bio-processing technology, molecular structure, and nutrient utilization and availability. The studies focused on how inherent molecular structure changes affect nutritional quality of canola and its co-products from bio-processing. The molecular spectroscopic techniques (SR-IMS, DRIFT, ATR-FTIR) used for molecular structure and nutrition association were reviewed, including the synchrotron radiation with infrared microspectroscopy, the synchrotron radiation with soft x-ray microspectroscopy, the diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy, the grading near infrared reflectance spectroscopy, and the Fourier transform infrared vibrational spectroscopy. Nutritional evaluation with other techniques in association with molecular structure was also reviewed. This study provides updated research progress on application of molecular spectroscopy in combination with various nutrition evaluation techniques to current research in the canola-related bio-oil/bio-energy processing and nutrition sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa M S Gomaa
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Xin Feng
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.,School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Huihua Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Xuewei Zhang
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.,College of Animal Science and Animal Veterinary, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
| | - Weixian Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaogang Yan
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.,The Branch Academy of Animal Science, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science, Gongzhuling, China
| | - Quanhui Peng
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.,Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China
| | - Peiqiang Yu
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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Lei Y, Hannoufa A, Wang Y, Christensen D, Yu P. Effects of silencing TT8 and HB12 on in vitro nutrients degradation and VFA production in relation to molecular structures of alfalfa (Medicago sativa). JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:6850-6858. [PMID: 31385316 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transparent Testa8 (TT8) and Homeobox12 (HB12) are two transcriptional factors in plant phenylpropanoid pathways and were reported to be positively related to lignin content. Alfalfa with silenced TT8 (TT8i) and HB12 (HB12i) was therefore generated using the RNA interference (RNAi) technique. Although lignin was found to be high in HB12i, such gene-silencing of alfalfa resulted in nutrient profiles that might be suitable for grazing. To extend the nutritional evaluation of transformed alfalfa, ground samples of 11 HB12i, 5 TT8i and 4 wild type (WT) were incubated in rumen fluid : buffer solution for 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h at 39 °C. Dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) degradations at each time point, and production of volatile fatty acids (VFA) at 4, 12, 24 and 48 h were analyzed, as well as degradation and production kinetics. The correlations and regressions between nutritive profiles and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectral parameters were determined. RESULTS Both transformed genotypes had lower DM degradation and HB12i had lower VFA production compared with WT. Structural carbohydrate (STC) parameters were found to be negatively correlated with DM degradation and VFA production. The kinetics of DM degradation and VFA production were predicted from spectral parameters with good estimation power. CONCLUSION Silencing of HB12 and TT8 affected fermentation characteristics of alfalfa and some fermentation characteristics were predictable from spectral parameters using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaogeng Lei
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Abdelali Hannoufa
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Agriculture and Agri-Food, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - David Christensen
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Peiqiang Yu
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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He J, Zhang H, Torres Lechuga ME, Lei Y, Refat B, Peng Q, Prates LL, Yu P. Genotypic impact on molecular structural, physicochemical, and nutritional characteristics of warm-season adapted sorghum kernels grown under warm climate conditions. J Cereal Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2019.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Yu P, Lei Y, Hu H, Deng H, Zhang W. A methodology study on chemical and molecular structure imaging in modified forage leaf tissue with cutting-edge synchrotron-powered technology (SR-IMS) as a potential research tool. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 213:330-336. [PMID: 30711903 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To date there is no any study on imaging molecular chemistry and chemical structure of biotech-modified plant tissue on a molecular basis. The objective of this methodology study was to apply a non-invasive and non-destructive synchrotron powered technology - SR-IMS to image molecular chemistry of the modified forage leaf tissue. The infrared molecular vibrational microspectroscopy powered with synchrotron light at Advanced Light Source (ALS, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, California, Dept. of Energy, USA) were applied. The synchrotron beamline time was arranged by National Synchrotron Light Source (Scientist Dr. Lisa Miller, Brookhaven National Lab, Dept. of Energy, USA). The various molecular functional groups in the forage tissue included CH symmetric and asymmetric regions, amides I and II regions, structure and non-structure CHO regions, carbonyl ester region with peak areas at ca. 3644-3000 cm-1, ca 3005-2979 cm-1, ca. 1722-1483 cm-1, ca. 1488-1412 cm-1, ca. 1296-1189 cm-1, and ca. 1194-951 cm-1. The spectral peak area ratio imaging of chemical functional groups were also studied which included the ratio of peak area under ca. 1722-1483 cm-1 to peak area under ca. 3005-2979 cm-1 and the ratio of peak area under ca. 1722-1483 cm-1 to peak area under ca. 1194-951 cm-1. The results showed that the advanced synchrotron-based technology - SR-IMS was able to image the forage tissue at an ultra-highly resolution within intact tissue within cellular and subcellular dimension. It revealed the forage tissue in a molecular chemical sense and provided an insight on nutrient properties and their molecular structure as well as chemical features. In conclusion, the synchrotron-radiation SR-IMS is able to image molecular structure of the forage leaf tissue at an ultra-highly resolution. The advanced SR-IMS technique could provide leaf tissue four kinds of information simultaneously: tissue structure, tissue chemistry, tissue nutrients, and tissue environment of forage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiqiang Yu
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China; College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada.
| | - Yaogeng Lei
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China; College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Huafeng Hu
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China; College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Hongyu Deng
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China; College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Weixian Zhang
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China; College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, 51 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada.
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Protein molecular structural, physicochemical and nutritional characteristics of warm-season adapted genotypes of sorghum grain: Impact of heat-related processing. J Cereal Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Gomaa WMS, Peng Q, Prates LL, Mosaad GM, Aamer H, Yu P. Application of FT/IR-ATR vibrational spectroscopy to reveal protein molecular structure of feedstock and co-products from Canadian and Chinese canola processing in relation to microorganism bio-degradation and enzyme bio-digestion. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 204:791-797. [PMID: 30096732 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.06.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The principal objective of this study was to apply FT/IR-ATR vibrational spectroscopy to inspect the relationship between rumen dry matter (DM) and protein degradation, rumen undegraded protein (RUP) intestinal digestion and processing induced protein molecular structure changes in feedstock (canola oil seeds) and co-products (canola meal) from bio-oil processing from different crushing plants in Canada and China. The rumen DM and protein degradation, rumen undegraded protein intestinal digestion and protein molecular structure affected by bio-oil processing were examined using in situ, three step in vitro digestion and Fourier transform infrared (FT/IR) molecular spectroscopy techniques, respectively. The results showed that the protein molecular structure; α-helix height and α-helix to β-sheet height ratio had a close association with rumen DM and protein degradation and rumen undegraded protein intestinal digestibility. Multiple regression analyses showed that protein β-sheet height and α-helix to β-sheet height ratio spectral intensity can be used to predict rumen DM and protein degradation, while intestinal digestibility of rumen undegraded protein can be predicted by α-helix height and β-sheet height. In conclusion, the co-product canola meal from bio-oil processing is a good source of intestinally digestible protein. Rumen DM and protein degradation and intestinal digestibility of rumen undegraded protein are related to the protein molecular structures of the co-products affected by changes during bio-oil processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa M S Gomaa
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agricultural and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Department of Animal Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt
| | - Quanhui Peng
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agricultural and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, China
| | - Luciana L Prates
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agricultural and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Gamal M Mosaad
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt
| | - Hazem Aamer
- Department of Animal, Poultry and Environment Hygiene, Sohag University, Egypt
| | - Peiqiang Yu
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agricultural and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
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Ying Y, Zhang H, Yu P. Implications of recent research on microstructure modifications, through heat-related processing and trait alteration to bio-functions, molecular thermal stability and mobility, metabolic characteristics and nutrition in cool-climate cereal grains and other types of seeds with advanced molecular techniques. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:2214-2224. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1442314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuguang Ying
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Guangdong, and College of Agriculture and Bioresources, the University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Huihua Zhang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Guangdong, and College of Agriculture and Bioresources, the University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Peiqiang Yu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Guangdong, and College of Agriculture and Bioresources, the University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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