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Barros VAF, Zagatto EAG. Relevant insights and concepts overlooked throughout the development of flow analysis. A tutorial. Talanta 2024; 280:126689. [PMID: 39153255 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
The conceptual expansion, fast development, and general acceptance of flow analysis are consequence of its adherence to the principles of green and white analytical chemistry, and chemical derivatization plays an essential role in this context. Through the flow analysis development, however, some of its potentialities and limitations have been overlooked. This is more evident when the involved modifications in flow rates, timing and/or manifold architecture deteriorate the analytical signals. These aspects have not always been systematically investigated, and are addressed here in relation to flow analyzers with UV-Vis spectrophotometric detection. Novel strategies for solution handling, guidance for dealing with the aforementioned analytical signal deterioration, and an alternative possibility for exploiting differential aspiration are presented. The concept of blank reagent carrier stream is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valdemir A F Barros
- Centre for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, P.O. Box 96, Piracicaba, 13400-970, Brazil
| | - Elias A G Zagatto
- Centre for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, P.O. Box 96, Piracicaba, 13400-970, Brazil.
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2
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Nilnit T, Jeenno J, Supharoek SA, Vichapong J, Siriangkhawut W, Ponhong K. Synergy of iron-natural phenolic microparticles and hydrophobic ionic liquid for enrichment of tetracycline residues in honey prior to HPLC-UV detection. Food Chem 2024; 437:137879. [PMID: 37922797 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Iron-natural phenolic microparticles were developed as absorbents for dispersive micro solid phase extraction (D-μSPE) synergistic with hydrophobic ionic liquid (IL) for dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) to enrich tetracycline residues, including tetracycline, doxycycline, oxytetracycline and chlortetracycline. In situ iron microparticles synthesized from betel nut natural reagent were employed as an adsorbent for D-μSPE. The hydrophobic IL [Hmim][PF6] was synergistically utilized as an extraction solvent to extract and accumulate adsorbents bound with tetracyclines before quantitation by HPLC-UV. The synergistic combination of DLLME with D-μSPE provided excellent extraction recovery compared with individual extraction. The developed method was successfully applied to enrich and determine tetracycline residues in honey samples, with recoveries ranging from 80.0 to 121.5% and providing high enrichment factors ranging from 61 to 197. This alternative method is simple and rapid, with high extraction efficiency and a high enrichment factor and is also environmentally friendly for the analysis of tetracyclines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammanoon Nilnit
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
| | - Janjira Jeenno
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
| | - Sam-Ang Supharoek
- Department of Medical Science, Amnatcharoen Campus, Mahidol University, Amnat Charoen 37000, Thailand; Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| | - Jitlada Vichapong
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand; Multidisciplinary Research Unit of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
| | - Watsaka Siriangkhawut
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
| | - Kraingkrai Ponhong
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand; Multidisciplinary Research Unit of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand.
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3
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Deecharoenchaiyakul P, Tangtreamjitmun N. Reverse Flow Injection Spectrophotometric Determination of Total Acidity in Beverages Using Butterfly Pea Flower Extract. J AOAC Int 2024; 107:260-266. [PMID: 37952203 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsad126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monitoring total acidity during beverage production is crucial for quality control (QC). The standard acid-base titration, though widely used, is slow and generates hazardous waste through the use of acid-base indicators. OBJECTIVE To develop an analysis method for beverage samples to determine total acidity using a natural reagent from butterfly pea flower as the colorimetric reagent. METHODS The determination of total acidity in beverages was based on the reaction of citric acid with anthocyanin extracted from butterfly pea flowers. The decreased absorbance of anthocyanin was measured at 620 nm. A two-line reverse flow injection manifold was used to perform online dilution of samples. RESULTS Under optimal conditions, the calibration curve equation 1/A = 0.03782C + 0.00241 (A = absorbance and C = concentration) was linear over a range of 0.050-0.25% (w/v) citric acid. The LOD and LOQ were 0.0123 and 0.0409% (w/v), respectively. The system achieved a throughput of 120 samples per hour with comparable accuracy and precision to the standard titrimetric method. CONCLUSION The injection of butterfly pea flower extract into beverage samples with online dilution in a reverse flow injection system (FIS) was reported for the first time for the determination of total acidity. HIGHLIGHTS Use of a green reagent in the method reflects its alignment with the principles of green analytical chemistry, providing a rapid and straightforward solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patpitcha Deecharoenchaiyakul
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Burapha University,169 Longhardbangsean Road, Mueng, Chonburi, 20131, Thailand
| | - Napa Tangtreamjitmun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Burapha University,169 Longhardbangsean Road, Mueng, Chonburi, 20131, Thailand
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Ricart D, Dorado AD, Lao-Luque C, Baeza M. Microflow injection analysis based on modular 3D platforms and colorimetric detection for Fe(III) monitoring in a wide concentration range. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 191:3. [PMID: 38041754 PMCID: PMC10693521 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-06029-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
A modular microflow injection analysis (microFIA) system for the determination of Fe(III) in a bioleaching reactor has been designed, developed and validated. The different modules of the analyzer (mixer, diluter, disperser and detector) were 3D-printed. Fe(III) quantification is due by measuring the color intensity of the chelate formed between Fe(III) and salicylic acid at 525 nm. The device has been designed to dilute, disperse and detect high Fe(III) concentrations in the form of an inexpensive multi-step photometric flow cell that uses an light-emitting diode (LED) as a light source and an light-dependent resistor (LDR) as a light intensity detector. This microFIA system has been shown to be suitable for automatic and continuous determination of Fe(III) in the operation of a bioreactor for the oxidation of Fe(II). The device has a good repeatability (less than 5% of coefficient of variation in the whole range of concentrations) and accuracy of around 100%. The analyzer features an exceptional wide linear range, between 25 and 6000 mg·L-1. The device was successfully applied to the determination of Fe(III) in real samples. The obtained results proved that the method is applicable for accurate, precise, rapid, and low-cost colorimetric analysis and didn't show significant differences with a conventional UV-Vis method.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ricart
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Avinguda de les Bases de Manresa 61-73, 08240, Manresa, Spain
| | - Antonio David Dorado
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Avinguda de les Bases de Manresa 61-73, 08240, Manresa, Spain
| | - Conxita Lao-Luque
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Avinguda de les Bases de Manresa 61-73, 08240, Manresa, Spain
| | - Mireia Baeza
- GENOCOV Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Edifici C-Nord, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Carrer dels Til·Lers, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
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Salem AlSalem H, Saad Binkadem M, Talal Al-Goul S, Abdel-Lateef MA. Synthesis of green emitted carbon dots from Vachellia nilotica and utilizing its extract as a red emitted fluorescence reagent: Applying for visual and spectroscopic detection of iron (III). SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 295:122616. [PMID: 36947938 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Principles of Green Analytical Chemistry recommended preferring using reagents from renewable sources and eliminating toxic reagents. Vachellia nilotica is a widespread plant throughout different parts of the world. In this study, using microwave energy, fluorescent carbon dots were synthesized for the first time from Vachellia nilotica pods. The morphology of the prepared carbon dots was characterized by SEM and TEM techniques, and the spectroscopic character exhibit green emission at 480 nm at λex = 386.5 nm. This fluorescence can be effectively quenched by adding Fe (III) ions (Method I). Furthermore, Vachellia nilotica pods were extracted by different solvents, including methanol, deionized water, absolute ethanol, acetone, acetonitrile, and DMF. The acetonitrile extract of Vachellia nilotica exhibited a strong red fluorescence emission at 673.9 at λex = 410 nm. Among various types of salt metals, only Fe (III) can effectively quench the fluorescence intensity of the acetonitrile extract (method II). Moreover, the bright yellow color of the aqueous extract can be changed into violet color. The absorbance of the resulted color can be spectrophotometrically measured at λ max = 530 nm (method III). The best analytical factors were optimized for the developed methods. The developed methods were applied to determine Fe (III) in different water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huda Salem AlSalem
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Saad Binkadem
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 80327, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soha Talal Al-Goul
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences & Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Abdel-Lateef
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt.
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Namjan M, Kaewwonglom N, Dechakiatkrai Theerakarunwong C, Jakmunee J, Khongpet W. An Environmentally Friendly Compact Microfluidic Hydrodynamic Sequential Injection System Using Curcuma putii Maknoi & Jenjitt. Extract as a Natural Reagent for Colorimetric Determination of Total Iron in Water Samples. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2023; 2023:3400863. [PMID: 36687006 PMCID: PMC9859699 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3400863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The miniaturization of analytical systems and the utilization of nontoxic natural extract from plants play significant roles for green analytical chemistry methodology. In this work, the microfluidic hydrodynamic sequential injection (HSI) with the LED-phototransistor colorimetric detection system has been proposed to create an ecofriendly and low-cost miniaturized analytical system for online determination of iron in water samples using Curcuma putii Maknoi & Jenjitt. extracts as high stability and good selectivity of a natural reagent. The proposed method was designed for online solution mixing and colorimetric detection on a microfluidic platform. The Curcuma putii Maknoi & Jenjitt. extracts and standard/samples were sequentially aspirated to fill the channel before entering the built-in flow cell. The intensity of iron-Curcuma putii Maknoi & Jenjitt. extract complex was monitored under the optimum conditions of flow rate, sample volume, mixing zone length, and aspiration sequences, by altering the gain control of the colorimetric detector to achieve good sensitivity. The results demonstrated a good performance of the green analytical systems. A linear calibration graph in the range of 0.5-6.0 mg L-1 was obtained with a limit of detection at an adequate level of 0.11 mg L-1 for water samples with a sample throughput of 30 h-1. The precise and accurate measurement results were achieved with relative standard deviations in the range of 1.61-1.72%, and percent recoveries were found in the range of 90.6-113.4. The proposed method offers cost-effective, easy operation over an appropriate analysis time (2 min/injection) with good sensitivity and is environmentally friendly with low consumption of solutions and the use of high stability and good selectivity of nontoxic reagents. The achieved method was demonstrated to be a good choice for routine analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maneerat Namjan
- Program of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University, Nakhon Sawan 60000, Thailand
| | - Natcha Kaewwonglom
- Laboratory for Analytical Instrumentation and Electrochemistry Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | | | - Jaroon Jakmunee
- Laboratory for Analytical Instrumentation and Electrochemistry Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Environmental Science Research Center,and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Wanpen Khongpet
- Program of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University, Nakhon Sawan 60000, Thailand
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Phomai K, Supharoek SA, Vichapong J, Grudpan K, Ponhong K. One-pot co-extraction of dispersive solid phase extraction employing iron-tannic nanoparticles assisted cloud point extraction for the determination of tetracyclines by high-performance liquid chromatography. Talanta 2023; 252:123852. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Masawat P, Yenkom T, Sitsirat C, Thongmee T. Smartphone-based digital image colorimetry for determination of iron in cereals and crispy seaweed using Terminalia chebula retz. extract as a natural reagent. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:4321-4329. [PMID: 36301159 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay01345b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this research, a novel sample pretreatment of whole wheat bread, granola, and crispy seaweed samples was developed for iron(III) determination by digital image colorimetry. The developed method was compared with UV-visible spectrophotometry. The procedure involved weighing the sample (∼0.1 g) and mixing it with a mixture of concentrated nitric acid (65%) and hydrogen peroxide (30%) (2 : 1 v/v). Then, the mixture was irradiated with UV light until it became dry. The residue was then dissolved in deionized water. The sample solution was diluted with deionized water before forming a complex with Terminalia chebula Retz. extract in acetate buffer. Under the optimal conditions, the color of the complexes was violet. When analyzed with an inhouse developed smartphone-based digital image colorimeter, the linear range was 1.0-6.0 mg L-1 with a correlation coefficient of >0.993. The percentage recoveries were in the range of 84.8-90.2. The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) were 1.06 and 3.55 mg L-1, respectively. From the results, it can be concluded that the developed method is accurate, simple, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly. The statistical paired t-test proved that there was no significant difference in the results when compared with a UV-visible microplate reader using gallic acid as the color forming reagent and a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer as a reference instrument at 95% confidence level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prinya Masawat
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.
- Research Centre for Academic Excellence in Petroleum, Petrochemical and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Thansanankorn Yenkom
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.
| | - Chosita Sitsirat
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.
| | - Tipparat Thongmee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.
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Supharoek SA, Weerasuk B, Siriangkhawut W, Grudpan K, Ponhong K. Ultrasound-Assisted One-Pot Cloud Point Extraction for Iron Determination Using Natural Chelating Ligands from Dipterocarpus intricatus Dyer Fruit. Molecules 2022; 27:5697. [PMID: 36080464 PMCID: PMC9457780 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
An ultrasound-assisted, one-pot cloud point extraction was developed for the determination of iron in vegetable samples by UV-Visible spectrophotometry. This method was based on the complexation of iron with an environmentally-friendly natural chelating agent extracted from Dipterocarpus intricatus Dyer fruit at pH 5.5 in the presence of Triton X-114. Reagent extraction, complexation, and preconcentration were performed simultaneously using ultrasound-assisted extraction at 45 °C. The surfactant-rich phase was diluted with ethanol and loaded through a syringe barrel packed with cotton that acted as a filter to trap the reagent powder. Analyte-entrapped on cotton was eluted using 0.1 mol·L-1 nitric acid solution. Filtrate and eluate solutions were measured absorbance of the dark-blue product at 575 nm. Influential parameters for the procedure were investigated. Under the optimum experimental conditions, the calibration curve was linear, ranging from 0.1 to 1.0 mg·L-1 with r2 = 0.997. Limits of detection and quantification were 0.03 and 0.09 mg·L-1, respectively while precision values of intra-day and inter-day were less than 5%. Recovery at 0.5 mg·L-1 ranged from 89.0 to 99.8%, while iron content in vegetable samples ranged from 2.45 to 13.36 mg/100 g. This method was cost-effective, reliable, eco-friendly, and convenient as a green analytical approach to determining iron content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam-ang Supharoek
- Department of Medical Science, Amnatcharoen Campus, Mahidol University, Amnat Charoen 37000, Thailand
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Bordin Weerasuk
- Creative Chemistry and Innovation Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
| | - Watsaka Siriangkhawut
- Creative Chemistry and Innovation Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
| | - Kate Grudpan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Analytical Science and Technology for Biodiversity-based Economic and Society, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Kraingkrai Ponhong
- Creative Chemistry and Innovation Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit of Pure and Applied Chemistry (MRUPAC), Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellent for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
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Zhang K, Guo R, Wang Y, Nie Q, Zhu G. One-step derivatization and temperature-controlled vortex-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction based on the solidification of floating deep eutectic solvents coupled to UV–Vis spectrophotometry for the rapid determination of total iron in water and food samples. Food Chem 2022; 384:132414. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Ponhong K, Siriangkhawut W, Lee CY, Teshima N, Grudpan K, Supharoek SA. Dual determination of nitrite and iron by a single greener sequential injection spectrophotometric system employing a simple single aqueous extract from Areca catechu Linn. serving as a natural reagent. RSC Adv 2022; 12:20110-20121. [PMID: 35919603 PMCID: PMC9272472 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03870f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dual determination of nitrite and iron was proposed by using a single greener sequential injection (SI) spectrophotometric system employing a simple single aqueous extract from Areca catechu Linn. The extract served as a natural reagent to replace N-(1-naphthyl)ethylenediamine (NED) of the Griess reagent with nitrite and 1,10-phenanthroline with iron. The color products possessed analytical wavelengths at 430 and 560 nm, respectively. Conditions for the SI procedure were optimized using a univariate experimental design. Calibration ranges were up to 5.0 mg L-1 and 10.0 mg L-1 with limits of detection (LODs) of 0.04 mg L-1 and 0.05 mg L-1 for nitrite and iron(iii), respectively, and relative standard deviations (RSDs) being less than 3%. Recoveries of spiked standard nitrite and iron(iii) at 0.3 mg L-1 and 0.5 mg L-1 in water samples were 88 to 104% and 84 to 109%, respectively. The developed method successfully achieved dual determination of nitrite and total iron agreeing at a 95% confidence level with the reference methods of the conventional Griess assay and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), respectively. The proposed method utilized locally available material from plants and serves the UN-SDGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kraingkrai Ponhong
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University Maha Sarakham 44150 Thailand
| | - Watsaka Siriangkhawut
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University Maha Sarakham 44150 Thailand
| | - Chang Young Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
| | - Norio Teshima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Aichi Institute of Technology 1247 Yachigusa, Yakusa-cho Toyota 470-0392 Japan
| | - Kate Grudpan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Analytical Science and Technology for Biodiversity-based Economic and Society, Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand
| | - Sam-Ang Supharoek
- Department of Medical Science, Mahidol University Amnatcharoen Campus Amnat Charoen 37000 Thailand
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University Bangkok 10400 Thailand
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12
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Weerasuk B, Supharoek SA, Grudpan K, Ponhong K. Exploiting crude betel nut (Areca catechu Linn.) extracted solution as a natural reagent with sequential injection spectrophotometry for iron analysis in rice samples. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-021-02337-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Sustainable Education with Local-Wisdom Based Natural Reagent for Green Chemical Analysis with a Smart Device: Experiences in Thailand. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su132011147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To minimize chemical waste and protect the environment, our team has used green analysis with natural reagents. In this work, we designed a natural-reagent assay kit for iron determination and implemented it in chemistry education in Thailand. The iron assay method was adapted from Thai local wisdom of testing water quality using guava leaves. The guava leaf powder served as a natural reagent in the assay. The kit included equipment, standard and buffer solutions and a manual. A smart device with a built-in camera was used as a detector. Educators in six universities in Thailand implemented the kit in laboratories with modifications depending on their learning outcomes. The kit implementation was evaluated using a survey with questions in four aspects: usability, learning achievement, green chemistry and portability. The high average scores for all questions (> 4.00 of 5.00 points), with the average overall score of 4.53 ± 0.60, indicated satisfaction regarding in all aspects. Using a locally available bio-resource as a natural reagent for green analysis in chemistry education supported sustainable education in Thailand, in terms of quality education (SDG 4) and reduced inequalities (SDG 10) and environmental sustainability (SDG 6—Clean water and sanitation, 12—Responsible consumption and production and 14—Life be-low water).
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Guo B, Liu C, Lin Y, Li H, Li N, Liu J, Fu Q, Tong W, Yu H. Fruit extracts from Phyllanthus emblica accentuate cadmium tolerance and accumulation in Platycladus orientalis: A new natural chelate for phytoextraction. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 280:116996. [PMID: 33784563 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A key challenge for phytoextraction is the identification of high efficiency, growth-supporting, and low cost chelating agents. To date, no substance has satisfied all above criteria. This study investigated nine traditional Chinese herbs and found that Phyllanthus emblica fruit (FPE) extract could be utilised as an optimal chelate for the phytoextraction of cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soils. FPE application into soil at a ratio of 0.1% (w/w) significantly increased extractable Cd (by 43%) compared to the control. The success of FPE as a chelating agent was attributed to high quantities of polyphenol compounds (0.76%) and organic acids (9.6%), in particular, gallic acid (7.6%). Furthermore, antioxidative properties (1.4%) and free amino acids in FPE alleviated Cd-induced oxidant toxicity and enhanced plant biomass. FPE promoted 78% higher phytoextraction efficiency in Platycladus orientalis compared to traditional chelating agents (EDTA). Furthermore, 76% of FPE was degraded 90 days after the initial application, and there was no difference in extractable Cd between the treatment and control. FPE has been commercially produced at a lower market price than other biodegradable chelates. As a commercially available and cost-effective chelator, FPE could be utilised to treat Cd-contaminated soils without adverse environmental impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Guo
- Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Yicheng Lin
- Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Hua Li
- Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Ningyu Li
- Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Junli Liu
- Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Qinglin Fu
- Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
| | - Wenbin Tong
- Qujiang District Agricultural and Rural Burea, Quzhou, 324022, China
| | - Haiping Yu
- Shangyu District Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Shaoxing, 312000, China
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15
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Cheng F, Zhang T, Sun T, Wang Y, Zhou C, Zhu H, Li Y. A simple, sensitive and selective spectrophotometric method for determining iron in water samples. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Reanpang P, Pun-uam T, Jakmunee J, Khonyoung S. An Environmentally Friendly Flow Injection-Gas Diffusion System Using Roselle ( Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Extract as Natural Reagent for the Photometric Determination of Sulfite in Wines. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2021; 2021:6665848. [PMID: 34113471 PMCID: PMC8154276 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6665848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a green and simpler method for photometric determination of sulfite based on a flow injection-gas diffusion (FI-GD) system using a natural reagent extracted from roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) was proposed. Despite the fact that the employed reaction is not selective to sulfite, its sensitivity is high, and the selectivity can be improved by coupling a GD unit to the FI system. The method involves monitoring a decrease in absorbance of the reagent solution that is used as an acceptor solution. When a standard solution or sample solution was injected into an acidic donor stream, the liberated sulfur dioxide diffuses through a gas-permeable membrane of the GD unit into the acceptor solution, causing color fading of the reagent. A linear analytical curve in the range of 5-100 mg L-1 was obtained with a detection limit of 2 mg·L-1. Relative standard deviations of 0.9%, 0.6%, and 0.6% were obtained for the determination of 30, 70, and 100 mg·L-1 SO3 2- (n = 11). The developed method was applied to wine samples, giving results that agreed with those obtained with the Ripper titrimetric method. The proposed method offers advantages of simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and being environmentally friendly such as reduced chemical consumption and less waste generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeyaporn Reanpang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Lampang 52190, Thailand
| | - Teerarat Pun-uam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Rangsit, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Jaroon Jakmunee
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Research Center on Chemistry for Development of Health Promoting Products from Northern Resources, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Supada Khonyoung
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, Rangsit, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
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17
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A simple extract of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit leaf containing mimosine as a natural color reagent for iron determination. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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18
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Christopoulou NM, Kalogianni DP, Christopoulos TK. Posidonia oceanica (Mediterranean tapeweed) leaf litter as a source of fluorescent carbon dot preparations. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Ballesteros JI, Caleja-Ballesteros HJR, Villena MC. Digital image-based method for iron detection using green tea (Camellia sinensis) extract as natural colorimetric reagent. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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20
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Hu Y, Jia Y, Liao Y, Jiang X, Cheng Z. Fluorometric assay of iron(II) lactate hydrate and ammonium ferric citrate in food and medicine based on poly(sodium-p-styrenesulfonate)-enhanced Ag nanoclusters. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 225:117519. [PMID: 31521986 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Poly(sodium-p-styrenesulfonate)-enhanced and D-penicillamine stabilized Ag nanoclusters (PSS-DPA-AgNCs) were prepared using one-step ultraviolet irradiation combined with microwave heating method, and the effects of the AgNCs photo-luminescence performance based on different types of polyelectrolytes and energy suppliers were studied detailedly. The as-prepared AgNCs can be used as a viable fluorescent probe for monitoring indirectly iron(II) lactate hydrate (ILH) and ammonium ferric citrate (AFC), respectively. The fluorescence (FL) quenching of PSS-DPA-AgNCs by Fe3+ (it is obtained from oxidized ILH/ionized AFC) mainly derives from a dynamic quenching process. Excellent linear relationships exist between the FL quenching degree of the AgNCs and the concentrations of ILH/AFC in the range of 0.17-6.00/0.067-3.33 μmol·L-1, and corresponding limit of detection (at 3σ/slope) is 12.4/6.04 nmol·L-1. Moreover, the AgNCs probe was extended to the assays of ILH in tablets, solid beverage or ILH additive and AFC in two kinds of edible salts or syrup with satisfactory results compared with the standard 1, 10-phenanthroline method. In addition, the AgNCs probe reveals a good temperature sensing capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China
| | - Yong Jia
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China
| | - Yunwen Liao
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China; Institute of Applied Chemistry, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China
| | - Xiaohui Jiang
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China
| | - Zhengjun Cheng
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China; Institute of Applied Chemistry, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China.
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21
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Siriangkhawut W, Didpinrum P, Khanhuathon Y, Ponhong K, Grudpan K. Small-Scale Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Phenolics from Pomegranate Peels and Their Application as a Natural Reagent for the Colorimetric Assay of Iron. ANAL LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2019.1685530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Watsaka Siriangkhawut
- Creative Chemistry and Innovation Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand
| | - Pirom Didpinrum
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Analytical Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Yaowalak Khanhuathon
- Chemistry Program, Faculty of Education, Chiang Rai Rajabhat University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Kraingkrai Ponhong
- Creative Chemistry and Innovation Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand
| | - Kate Grudpan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Analytical Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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22
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Abstract
Background:
Green chemistry is the application of methodologies and techniques to reduce
the use of hazardous substances, minimize waste generation and apply benign and cheap applications.
Methods:
In this article, the following issues were considered: greener solvents and reagents, miniaturization
of analytical instrumentation, reagent-free methodologies, greening with automation, greener
sample preparation methods, and greener detection systems. Moreover, the tables along with the investigated
topics including environmental analysis were included. The future aspects and the challenges
in green analytical chemistry were also discussed.
Results:
The prevention of waste generation, atomic economy, use of less hazardous materials for
chemical synthesis and design, use of safer solvents, auxiliaries and renewable raw materials, reduction
of unnecessary derivatization, design degradation products, prevention of accidents and development
of real-time analytical methods are important for the development of greener methodologies.
Conclusion:
Efforts should also be given for the evaluation of novel solid phases, new solvents, and
sustainable reagents to reduce the risks associated with the environment. Moreover, greener methodologies
enable energy efficient, safe and faster that reduce the use of reagents, solvents and preservatives
which are hazardous to both environment and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Onur Yayayürük
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
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23
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João AF, Squissato AL, Fernandes GM, Cardoso RM, Batista AD, Muñoz RA. Iron (III) determination in bioethanol fuel using a smartphone-based device. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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24
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Jin R, Ji F, Lin H, Luo C, Hu Y, Deng C, Cao X, Tong C, Song G. The synthesis of Zr-metal-organic framework functionalized magnetic graphene nanocomposites as an adsorbent for fast determination of multi-pesticide residues in tobacco samples. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1577:1-7. [PMID: 30268537 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a simple and reliable method has been established to determine the residues of nine pesticides in tobacco by using GC-MS coupled with magnetic solid phase extraction. A novel magnetic Zr-MOF nanocomposite based on graphene was synthesized, and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy and N2 adsorption-desorption measurements. The prepared material has the advantage of large surface area (178 m2/g), good magnetic response and high thermal stability, which is shown to be suited for the fast enrichment of multi-pesticides in tobacco matrix. The extraction conditions including amount of adsorbent, adsorption time, eluting solvent as well as desorption time were investigated. The whole process of pretreatment is accomplished within 10 min. This method shows low limit of detection, wide linear range and good reproducibility (relative standard deviations <12.7%), satisfactory recoveries were obtained, ranging from 57.9% to 126.3% for tobacco samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Jin
- Research Center of Analysis and Measurement, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Fenqi Ji
- Research Center of Analysis and Measurement, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Huaqing Lin
- Technology Center, Shanghai Tobacco Group CO., LTD, 717 Changyang Road, Shanghai, 200082, China; Department of Chemistry, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Chen Luo
- Technology Center, Shanghai Tobacco Group CO., LTD, 717 Changyang Road, Shanghai, 200082, China
| | - Yaoming Hu
- Research Center of Analysis and Measurement, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Chunhui Deng
- Department of Chemistry, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xiujun Cao
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, China.
| | - Chunfu Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Rd., Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Guoxin Song
- Research Center of Analysis and Measurement, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, China; Technology Center, Shanghai Tobacco Group CO., LTD, 717 Changyang Road, Shanghai, 200082, China.
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