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Ghasemlou M, Pn N, Alexander K, Zavabeti A, Sherrell PC, Ivanova EP, Adhikari B, Naebe M, Bhargava SK. Fluorescent Nanocarbons: From Synthesis and Structure to Cancer Imaging and Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2312474. [PMID: 38252677 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Nanocarbons are emerging at the forefront of nanoscience, with diverse carbon nanoforms emerging over the past two decades. Early cancer diagnosis and therapy, driven by advanced chemistry techniques, play a pivotal role in mitigating mortality rates associated with cancer. Nanocarbons, with an attractive combination of well-defined architectures, biocompatibility, and nanoscale dimension, offer an incredibly versatile platform for cancer imaging and therapy. This paper aims to review the underlying principles regarding the controllable synthesis, fluorescence origins, cellular toxicity, and surface functionalization routes of several classes of nanocarbons: carbon nanodots, nanodiamonds, carbon nanoonions, and carbon nanohorns. This review also highlights recent breakthroughs regarding the green synthesis of different nanocarbons from renewable sources. It also presents a comprehensive and unified overview of the latest cancer-related applications of nanocarbons and how they can be designed to interface with biological systems and work as cancer diagnostics and therapeutic tools. The commercial status for large-scale manufacturing of nanocarbons is also presented. Finally, it proposes future research opportunities aimed at engendering modifiable and high-performance nanocarbons for emerging applications across medical industries. This work is envisioned as a cornerstone to guide interdisciplinary teams in crafting fluorescent nanocarbons with tailored attributes that can revolutionize cancer diagnostics and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Ghasemlou
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Center for Sustainable Products, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Navya Pn
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Katia Alexander
- School of Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Ali Zavabeti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Peter C Sherrell
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Elena P Ivanova
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Benu Adhikari
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Minoo Naebe
- Carbon Nexus, Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Suresh K Bhargava
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
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2
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Guo G, Li T, Liu Z, Luo X, Zhang T, Tang S, Wang X, Chen D. Bell pepper derived nitrogen-doped carbon dots as a pH-modulated fluorescence switching sensor with high sensitivity for visual sensing of 4-nitrophenol. Food Chem 2024; 432:137232. [PMID: 37633140 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Recently, converting bio-waste into bio-asset and implementing a portable sensing instrument for pollutant monitoring has been highly desirable and challenging. Herein, biomass-derived nitrogen-doped carbon dots (CDs) are prepared hydrothermally and emit blue fluorescence (470 nm) with a high quantum yield of 23.2%. Significantly, CDs can serve as a pH-modulated fluorescence switching nano-sensor to detect 4-NP from 0.054 to 68 μM with low detection limit (LOD, 54 nM) and limit of quantification (LOQ, 181 nM) based on inner filter effect. Moreover, the satisfactory recovery of 101.8-107.5% is gained in practical sample monitoring. Furthermore, a smartphone-integrated optosensing device with CDs-based film is developed for detecting 4-NP with LOD and LOQ of 0.110 μM and 0.350 μM. Concomitantly, the practicability of this device is further validated in several crop samples with satisfactory recovery rates of 101.6-108.6%. Therefore, this work provides a reliable way and a prospective application for on-site 4-NP monitoring in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Guo
- Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Ziyi Liu
- Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Xinyu Luo
- Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ningbo Polytechnic, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, PR China
| | - Siyuan Tang
- Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Full Spectral Solar Electricity Generation (FSSEG), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China.
| | - Da Chen
- Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China.
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Yang K, Wang Q, Novoselov KS, Andreeva DV. A nanofluidic sensing platform based on robust and flexible graphene oxide/chitosan nanochannel membranes for glucose and urea detection. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2023; 8:1243-1252. [PMID: 37461370 DOI: 10.1039/d3nh00203a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
We present the development of a health-monitoring nanofluidic membrane utilizing biocompatible and biodegradable graphene oxide, chitosan, and graphene quantum dots. The nanoconfinement provided by graphene oxide nanolayers encapsulates chitosan molecules, allowing for their conformational changes and switchable hydrophobic-hydrophilic behavior in response to pH variations. This low-dimensional membrane operates as an array of nanofluidic channels that can release quantum dots upon pH change. The photoluminescence emission from quantum dots enables rapid and reliable optical visualization of pH changes, facilitating efficient human health monitoring. To ensure fouling prevention and enable multiple usages, we adopt a design approach that avoids direct contact between biomarkers and the nanochannels. This design strategy, coupled with good mechanical properties (Young's modulus of 5.5 ± 0.7 GPa), preserves the integrity and functionality of the sensors for repeated sensing cycles. Furthermore, leveraging the memory effect, our sensors can be reloaded with graphene quantum dots multiple times without significant loss of selectivity, achieving reusability. The wide-ranging capabilities of 2D materials and stimuli-responsive polymers empower our sustainable approach to designing low-dimensional, robust, and flexible sensing materials. This approach allows for the integration of various biorecognition elements and signal transduction modes, expanding the versatility and applications of the designed materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kou Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117575, Singapore.
- Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials, National University of Singapore, 117544, Singapore
| | - Qinyue Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117575, Singapore.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kostya S Novoselov
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117575, Singapore.
- Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials, National University of Singapore, 117544, Singapore
| | - Daria V Andreeva
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117575, Singapore.
- Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials, National University of Singapore, 117544, Singapore
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4
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Zhang H, Wang J, Wei S, Wang C, Yin X, Song X, Jiang C, Sun G. Nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dot-based portable fluorescent sensors for the sensitive detection of Fe 3+ and ATP with logic gate operation. J Mater Chem B 2023. [PMID: 37334649 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00327b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and Fe3+ are important "signaling molecules" in living organisms, and their abnormal concentrations can be used for the early diagnosis of degenerative diseases. Therefore, the development of a sensitive and accurate fluorescent sensor is essential for detecting these signaling molecules in biological matrices. Herein, nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs) with cyan fluorescence emission were prepared by thermal cleavage of graphene oxide (GO) with N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as a solvent. The synergistic effect of static quenching and internal filtration enabled the selective quenching of N-GQD fluorescence by Fe3+. With the introduction of ATP, Fe3+ in the N-GQDs-Fe3+ system formed a more stable complex with ATP via the Fe-O-P bond, thus restoring the fluorescence of the N-GQDs. Fe3+ and ATP were detected in the linear ranges of 0-34 μM and 0-10 μM with the limits of detection (LOD) of 2.38 nM and 1.16 nM, respectively. In addition to monitoring Fe3+ and ATP in mouse serum and urine, the proposed method was also successfully applied for cytoplasmic imaging of 4T1 cells and in vivo imaging of freshwater shrimps. Moreover, the fluorescence and solution color change-based "AND" logic gate was successfully demonstrated in the biological matrix. Importantly, a complete sensing system was constructed by combining the N-GQDs with hydrogel kits and fluorescent flexible films. Thus, the prepared N-GQDs can be expected to serve as a valuable analytical tool for monitoring Fe3+ and ATP concentrations in biological matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
- Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jieqiong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
- Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Wei
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
- Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Chenzhao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
- Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyu Yin
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
- Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xuewei Song
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
- Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Chunzhu Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Guoying Sun
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
- Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, 2055 Yanan Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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Zhang J, Li Q, Liu Z, Zhao L. Rapid and sensitive determination of Piroxicam by N-doped carbon dots prepared by plant soot. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 299:122833. [PMID: 37187150 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Piroxicam (PX) as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) can be effectively used for anti-inflammatory and analgesia. However, overdoses may induce side effects such as gastrointestinal ulcers and headaches. Therefore, the assay of piroxicam has considerable significance. In this work, nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) was synthesized for PX detection. The fluorescence sensor was fabricated by hydrothermal method with plant soot and ethylenediamine. The strategy exhibited a detection range of 6-200 μg/mL and 250-700 μg/mL with the limited detection of 2 μg/mL. The mechanism of the PX assay base on the fluorescence sensor was the process of electron transfer between the PX and N-CDs. The assay subsequently demonstrated could be successfully used in actual sample. The results indicated that the N-CDs could be a superior candidate nanomaterial for piroxicam monitoring in the healthcare product industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Qing Li
- Liaoning Armed Police Corps Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110034, PR China
| | - Ziteng Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Longshan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China.
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6
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Li G, Liu Z, Gao W, Tang B. Recent advancement in graphene quantum dots based fluorescent sensor: Design, construction and bio-medical applications. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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7
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H2O2-assisted detection of melamine using fluorescent probe based on corn cob carbon dots-Ionic Liquid-Silver Nanoparticles. Food Chem 2022; 403:134415. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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8
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Saisree S, Nair JSA, Sandhya KY. Variant solvothermal synthesis of N-GQD for colour tuning emissions and naked eye reversible shade tweaking pH sensing ability. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02376-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Marin D, Marchesan S. Carbon Graphitization: Towards Greener Alternatives to Develop Nanomaterials for Targeted Drug Delivery. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061320. [PMID: 35740342 PMCID: PMC9220131 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials have attracted great interest for their unique physico-chemical properties for various applications, including medicine and, in particular, drug delivery, to solve the most challenging unmet clinical needs. Graphitization is a process that has become very popular for their production or modification. However, traditional conditions are energy-demanding; thus, recent efforts have been devoted to the development of greener routes that require lower temperatures or that use waste or byproducts as a carbon source in order to be more sustainable. In this concise review, we analyze the progress made in the last five years in this area, as well as in their development as drug delivery agents, focusing on active targeting, and conclude with a perspective on the future of the field.
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Wang Q, Zhu B, Han Y, Yang X, Xu Y, Cheng Y, Liu T, Wu J, Li S, Ding L, Bai J, Niu Y. Metal ions mediated carbon dots nanoprobe for fluorescent turn-on sensing of N-acetyl-L-cysteine. LUMINESCENCE 2022; 37:1267-1274. [PMID: 35608368 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) was facilely synthesized from aspartic acid through a pyrolysis method in this work. Based on their favorable fluorescence property, CDs was utilized to design a metal ions-mediated fluorescent probe for N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) detection. The fluorescence intensity of CDs was firstly quenched by manganese ion (Mn2+ ) through static quenching effect and subsequently restored by NAC via the combination with Mn2+ owing to the coordination effect. Therefore, the fluorescent turn-on sensing of NAC was actuated based on the fluorescence quenching stimulated by Mn2+ and recovery induced by coordination. The fluorescence recovery efficiencies showed a proportional range to the concentration of NAC in the range of 0.04-5 mmol L-1 and the detection limit was 0.03 mmol L-1 . Further, this metal ions-mediated fluorescent nanoprobe was applied to human urine sample detection and the standard recovery rates were located in the range of 97.62-102.34 %. It was the first time that Mn2+ was used to construct fluorescent nanoprobe for NAC. Compared to other heavy metal ions, Mn2+ with good biosecurity prevented the risk of application, which made the nanoprobe green and bio-practical. The facile synthesis of CDs and novel metal ions-mediated sensing mode made it a promising method for pharmaceutical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Department, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Department, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yejiao Han
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Department, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Department, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yanan Xu
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Department, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Department, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Taotao Liu
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Department, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jiana Wu
- Department of Environment and Safety Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Shengling Li
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Department, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lifeng Ding
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Department, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jingjing Bai
- Department of Materials Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yulan Niu
- Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Department, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, China
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11
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Zhang W, Hao L, Shang L, Chai DF, Gao Y, Li J, Zhao M, Liu R, Zhang Z, Dong G. Maize starch derived boron doped carbon spheres via facile solvothermal route as the photoluminescence sensor for determination of pH and Cr(VI). NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:275707. [PMID: 35344938 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac61cb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a kind of boron doped carbon spheres (B-CSs) was successfully synthesized utilizing maize starch as carbon source and boric acid as dopant via facile solvothermal method. The chemical structure of the prepared B-CSs was systemically investigated by TEM, FT-IR, XRD, XPS and EDS. The synthesized B-CSs feature spherical structure with average size of ∼254 nm and exhibit strong photoluminescence (PL) with maximum emission at a wavelength of ∼453 nm under irradiation at 350 nm, leading to a quantum yield of 6.2%. Furthermore, the aqueous pH and Cr(VI) has a significantly various impact on the PL intensity of B-CSs, which can be flexibly utilized as the PL sensor for detection aqueous pH and Cr(VI) in aqueous. Particularly, the B-CSs have a desirable sensitivity and selectivity for detection of Cr(VI) with a low detection limit of ∼0.34μmol l-1. Conclusively, our work provides a novel and dual-functional fluorescent sensor for detection of the pH and toxic metal ions in water environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhi Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Hao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, People's Republic of China
| | - Luwen Shang
- Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Feng Chai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueyue Gao
- Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinlong Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, People's Republic of China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Synthesis for Fine Chemicals, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, People's Republic of China
- Technology Innovation Center of Industrial Hemp for State Market Regulation, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuanfang Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Dong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, People's Republic of China
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12
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Wu T, Wang X, Chen M, Zhang X, Zhang J, Cheng J, Kong L, Tang M. Respiratory exposure to graphene quantum dots causes fibrotic effects on lung, liver and kidney of mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 163:112971. [PMID: 35358666 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.112971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs), as a novel graphene-based nanoparticle, presented a bright prospect in fields of biomedicine due to their excellent optical property. However, the biosafety assessment of GQDs is far behind their rapid development, which could restrict their wilder applications. This study focused on the potential adverse effects of two kinds of promising GQDs, i.e. nitrogen-doping graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs) and amino-modified graphene quantum dot (A-GQDs) on primary target organs of GNMs, including lung, liver and kidney. The intranasal instillation used here was to imitate the respiratory exposure of GQDs that is a commonly exposure route of GQDs in the environment. Although no severe damages associated with general health occurred in mice treated with GQDs, the fibrosis evidenced by statistically significant increases in the area of collagen I and TGF-ß1 and p-Smad3 expressions were observed in the lung, liver and kidney tissues. Interestingly, the fibrotic effect induced by GQDs could be effectively alleviated by a ferroptosis-specific inhibitor, which demonstrated a close relationship of fibrosis and ferroptosis. This study not only provides new insights on the toxicity mechanisms of GQDs, but also offers some efficient ways to control toxicity of GQDs, like dosage threshold and small molecular drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianshu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Min Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Jixiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Lu Kong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Meng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
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13
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Wu T, Wang X, Cheng J, Liang X, Li Y, Chen M, Kong L, Tang M. Nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots induce ferroptosis through disrupting calcium homeostasis in microglia. Part Fibre Toxicol 2022; 19:22. [PMID: 35331277 PMCID: PMC8944010 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-022-00464-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Along with the wild applications of nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs) in the fields of biomedicine and neuroscience, their increasing exposure to the public and potential biosafety problem has gained more and more attention. Unfortunately, the understanding of adverse effects of N-GQDs in the central nervous system (CNS), considered as an important target of nanomaterials, is still limited. Results After we found that N-GQDs caused cell death, neuroinflammation and microglial activation in the hippocampus of mice through the ferroptosis pathway, microglia was used to assess the molecular mechanisms of N-GQDs inducing ferroptosis because it could be the primary target damaged by N-GQDs in the CNS. The microarray data suggested the participation of calcium signaling pathway in the ferroptosis induced by N-GQDs. In microglial BV2 cells, when the calcium content above the homeostatic level caused by N-GQDs was reversed, the number of cell death, ferroptosis alternations and excessive inflammatory cytokines release were all alleviated. Two calcium channels of L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (L-VGCCs) in plasma membrane and ryanodine receptor (RyR) in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) took part in N-GQDs inducing cytosolic calcium overload. L-VGCCs and RyR calcium channels were also involved in promoting the excess iron influx and triggering ER stress response, respectively, which both exert excessive ROS generation and result in the ferroptosis and inflammation in BV2 cells. Conclusion N-GQDs exposure caused ferroptosis and inflammatory responses in hippocampus of mice and cultured microglia through activating two calcium channels to disrupt intracellular calcium homeostasis. The findings not only posted an alert for biomedical applications of N-GQDs, but also highlighted an insight into mechanism researches of GQDs inducing multiple types of cell death in brain tumor therapy in the future. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12989-022-00464-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianshu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Liang
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Kong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
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Krishnaiah P, Atchudan R, Perumal S, Salama ES, Lee YR, Jeon BH. Utilization of waste biomass of Poa pratensis for green synthesis of n-doped carbon dots and its application in detection of Mn 2+ and Fe 3. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131764. [PMID: 34364229 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel and sustainable approach was used to synthesize nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NCDs) from the waste biomass of Poa Pratensis (Kentucky bluegrass (KB)) by a facile hydrothermal method. The prepared KBNCDs were subjected to various characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy to verify the formation of carbon dots and their surface functional groups. The KBNCDs exhibited good hydrophilic fluorescence (FLU) properties with an acceptable quantum yield (7%). The synthesized KBNCDs showed excitation wavelength-dependent FLU emission behavior with strong cyan-blue FLU upon irradiation with 365 nm UV-light. The hydrophilic optical properties of the as-synthesized KBNCDs were used to detect Fe3+ and Mn2+ ions in an aqueous medium with good selectivity and sensitivity. It was found that the FLU of the KBNCDs is quenched in the presence of Fe3+ and Mn2+ ions, and the quenching rate was linear with the concentration of Fe3+ and Mn2+ ions. The limit of detection (LOD) of KBNCDs with metal ions was calculated using the Stern-Volmer relationship. The LOD values for Fe3+ or Mn2+ ions were calculated as 1.4 and 1.2 μM, respectively with the detection range from 5.0 to 25 μM. Based on these results, this study provides an underpinning for the development of KBNCD as FLU sensors that can be used in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Krishnaiah
- Department of Earth Resources & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222-Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Raji Atchudan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Suguna Perumal
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - El-Sayed Salama
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Yong Rok Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222-Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Xu J, Wang Y, Sun L, Qi Q, Zhao X. Chitosan and κ-carrageenan-derived nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots "on-off-on" fluorescent probe for sequential detection of Fe 3+ and ascorbic acid. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 191:1221-1227. [PMID: 34627843 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study develops a high sensitive and selective "on-off-on" fluorescent probe for sequential detection of iron ion (Fe3+) and ascorbic acid (AA) based on nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots (N, S-CDs), which were synthesized by using chitosan and κ-carrageenan as raw materials through one-step hydrothermal protocol. The synthesized N,S-CDs possess particularly high quantum yield (QY = 59.31%), excellent stability and excitation dependent behavior, showing great potential for practical applications. Furthermore, N,S-CDs provided high selectivity and strong anti-interference to Fe3+ due to its fluorescence quenching performance, revealing a wide linear concentration range from 1 to 100 μM for the detection of Fe3+ ion with an extremely low limit of detection of 57 nM, and presented reliable and accurate results in actual sample detection of Fe3+. The overall fluorescence quenching mechanism of N,S-CDs with Fe3+ was due to the formation of N,S-CDs/Fe3+ initiated to the aggregation and electron transfer of N,S-CDs, resulting in the static quenching of fluorescence. More interestingly, AA could reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+ and efficaciously recover the quenched fluorescence of N,S-CDs/Fe3+. N,S-CDs/Fe3+ as "turn-on" fluorescent probe was further applied for detecting AA in a linear range of 0.5-90 μM with a detection limit of 38 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyao Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yesheng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lili Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Quan Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xihui Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
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16
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Wareing TC, Gentile P, Phan AN. Biomass-Based Carbon Dots: Current Development and Future Perspectives. ACS NANO 2021; 15:15471-15501. [PMID: 34559522 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c03886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots have been considered as a solution to the challenges that semiconductor quantum dots have encountered because they are more biocompatible and can be synthesized from abundant and nontoxic materials such as biomass. This review will highlight the advantages of these biomass-based carbon dots in terms of synthesis, properties, and applications in the biomedical field. Furthermore, future applications especially in the biomedical field of biomass-based carbon dots as well as the challenges of semiconductor quantum dots such as biocompatibility, photobleaching, environmental challenges, toxicity, and poor solubility will be discussed in detail. Biomass-derived quantum dots, a subsection of carbon dots that are the most desirable for future research, will be focused upon including from synthesis to applications. Finally, the future development of biomass derived quantum dots in the biomedical field will be discussed and evaluated to unlock the potential for their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C Wareing
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Piergiorgio Gentile
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Anh N Phan
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
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17
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Ravi PV, Subramaniyam V, Pattabiraman A, Pichumani M. Do amino acid functionalization stratagems on carbonaceous quantum dots imply multiple applications? A comprehensive review. RSC Adv 2021; 11:35028-35045. [PMID: 35494767 PMCID: PMC9043014 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05571b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Amino acids are the noteworthy entity among biological molecules with diverse properties such as zwitterionic and amphoteric. Functionalizing carbon-based quantum dots using amino acids might be used for the extreme enhancement of electronic and optical properties of quantum dots and improve the performance of the resultant amino acid-functionalized quantum dots. The amino acid-functionalized quantum dots are highly soluble, sustainable, and biocompatible with virtuous optical and electrical performance, which makes them potential and suitable candidates for fabricating optoelectronic devices. The tenacity of using amino acids as functional groups to functionalize quantum dots and their novel properties are conferred to attain their multiple applications. The goal of this review is to provide the choices of amino acids based on the desired applications and a variety of functionalization techniques to make them a noteworthy material for future applications. The method of one-step and two-step functionalization strategies along with the properties of the resultant functionalized quantum dots and their plausible applications and future scope of the material are highlighted. Amidation is the basic principle behind the functionalization of quantum dots with amino acids. This review would be an exciting prospect to explore the pathways of the possible applications in different domains, in which the amino acid-functionalized quantum dots have not yet been explored. Further, this review article helps in pitching a variety of prominent applications right from sensors to energy storage systems either using the optical property or electronic property of amino acid-functionalized quantum dots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavithra V Ravi
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College Coimbatore 641 022 Tamilnadu India
| | - Vinodhini Subramaniyam
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College Coimbatore 641 022 Tamilnadu India
| | - Ajay Pattabiraman
- Government Primary Health Center Anaikatti Coimbatore 641 108 Tamilnadu India
| | - Moorthi Pichumani
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College Coimbatore 641 022 Tamilnadu India
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18
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Sharma AS, Ali S, Sabarinathan D, Murugavelu M, Li H, Chen Q. Recent progress on graphene quantum dots-based fluorescence sensors for food safety and quality assessment applications. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:5765-5801. [PMID: 34601802 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The versatile photophysicalproperties, high surface-to-volume ratio, superior photostability, higher biocompatibility, and availability of active sites make graphene quantum dots (GQDs) an ideal candidate for applications in sensing, bioimaging, photocatalysis, energy storage, and flexible electronics. GQDs-based sensors involve luminescence sensors, electrochemical sensors, optical biosensors, electrochemical biosensors, and photoelectrochemical biosensors. Although plenty of sensing strategies have been developed using GQDs for biosensing and environmental applications, the use of GQDs-based fluorescence techniques remains unexplored or underutilized in the field of food science and technology. To the best of our knowledge, comprehensive review of the GQDs-based fluorescence sensing applications concerning food quality analysis has not yet been done. This review article focuses on the recent progress on the synthesis strategies, electronic properties, and fluorescence mechanisms of GQDs. The various GQDs-based fluorescence detection strategies involving Förster resonance energy transfer- or inner filter effect-driven fluorescence turn-on and turn-off response mechanisms toward trace-level detection of toxic metal ions, toxic adulterants, and banned chemical substances in foodstuffs are summarized. The challenges associated with the pretreatment steps of complex food matrices and prospects and challenges associated with the GQDs-based fluorescent probes are discussed. This review could serve as a precedent for further advancement in interdisciplinary research involving the development of versatile GQDs-based fluorescent probes toward food science and technology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shujat Ali
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | | | | | - Huanhuan Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Quansheng Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
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19
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Bhardwaj SK, Mujawar M, Mishra YK, Hickman N, Chavali M, Kaushik A. Bio-inspired graphene-based nano-systems for biomedical applications. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32. [PMID: 34371491 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac1bdb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The increasing demands of environmentally sustainable, affordable, and scalable materials have inspired researchers to explore greener nanosystems of unique properties which can enhance the performance of existing systems. Such nanosystems, extracted from nature, are state-of-art high-performance nanostructures due to intrinsic hierarchical micro/nanoscale architecture and generous interfacial interactions in natural resources. Among several, bio-inspired nanosystems graphene nanosystems have emerged as an essential nano-platform wherein a highly electroactive, scalable, functional, flexible, and adaptable to a living being is a key factor. Preliminary investigation project bio-inspired graphene nanosystems as a multi-functional nano-platform suitable for electronic devices, energy storage, sensors, and medical sciences application. However, a broad understanding of bio-inspired graphene nanosystems and their projection towards applied application is not well-explored yet. Considering this as a motivation, this mini-review highlights the following; the emergence of bio-inspired graphene nanosystems, over time development to make them more efficient, state-of-art technology, and potential applications, mainly biomedical including biosensors, drug delivery, imaging, and biomedical systems. The outcomes of this review will certainly serve as a guideline to motivate scholars to design and develop novel bio-inspired graphene nanosystems to develop greener, affordable, and scalable next-generation biomedical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mubarak Mujawar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering and Computing, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33174, United States of America
| | - Yogendra Kumar Mishra
- Mads Clausen Institute, NanoSYD, University of Southern Denmark, Alsion 2, DK-6400, Sønderborg, Denmark
| | - Nicoleta Hickman
- NanoBioTech Laboratory, Department of Natural Sciences, Division of Sciences, Art & Mathematics, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL, 33805, United States of America
| | - Murthy Chavali
- Office of the Dean (Research) & Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Alliance University, Bengaluru 562 106, Karnataka, India
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- NanoBioTech Laboratory, Department of Natural Sciences, Division of Sciences, Art & Mathematics, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL, 33805, United States of America
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20
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Yang Y, Tang S, Chen D, Wang C, Gu B, Li X, Xie F, Wang G, Guo Q. Multifunctional red-emission graphene quantum dots with tunable light emissions for trace water sensing, WLEDs and information encryption. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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21
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22
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Sun L, Zhang H, Wang Y, Xiong Z, Zhao X, Xia Y. Chitosan-derived N-doped carbon dots for fluorescent determination of nitrite and bacteria imaging. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 251:119468. [PMID: 33508683 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
N-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) were successfully synthesized via simple one-step hydrothermal carbonization using chitosan as carbon and nitrogen sources. The obtained N-CDs contained a variety of functional groups on the NCDs surface, and exhibited excitation-independent behavior and strong blue fluorescence with a relatively higher fluorescence quantum yield (QY = 35%). It also presented excellent water solubility, resistance to pH change, high ion strength and UV irradiation. Since the fluorescence of the N-CDs could be selectively quenched by NO2-, they could act as a fluorescent sensor for the determination of NO2- in real tap water and lake water samples with a wide linear range (1-500 μM) and low detection limit (0.1 μM). They could also be used for bacterial imaging as multicolor fluorescent probes. The results indicated that N-CDs could be a promising candidate material for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yesheng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhong Xiong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xihui Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Yanzhi Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biobased Fibers and Ecological Textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
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23
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Abstract
The family of carbon nanostructures comprises several members, such as fullerenes, nano-onions, nanodots, nanodiamonds, nanohorns, nanotubes, and graphene-based materials. Their unique electronic properties have attracted great interest for their highly innovative potential in nanomedicine. However, their hydrophobic nature often requires organic solvents for their dispersibility and processing. In this review, we describe the green approaches that have been developed to produce and functionalize carbon nanomaterials for biomedical applications, with a special focus on the very latest reports.
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24
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Graphene-based nanomaterial system: a boon in the era of smart nanocarriers. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-021-00513-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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25
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Alaghmandfard A, Sedighi O, Tabatabaei Rezaei N, Abedini AA, Malek Khachatourian A, Toprak MS, Seifalian A. Recent advances in the modification of carbon-based quantum dots for biomedical applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 120:111756. [PMID: 33545897 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Carbon-based quantum dots (CDs) are mainly divided into two sub-groups; carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and graphene quantum dots (GQDs), which exhibit outstanding photoluminescence (PL) properties, low toxicity, superior biocompatibility and facile functionalization. Regarding these features, they have been promising candidates for biomedical science and engineering applications. In this work, we reviewed the efforts made to modify these zero-dimensional nano-materials to obtain the best properties for bio-imaging, drug and gene delivery, cancer therapy, and bio-sensor applications. Five main surface modification techniques with outstanding results are investigated, including doping, surface functionalization, polymer capping, nano-composite and core-shell structures, and the drawbacks and challenges in each of these methods are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Omid Sedighi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Tabatabaei Rezaei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Abbas Abedini
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Muhammet S Toprak
- Department of Applied Physics, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander Seifalian
- Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine Commercialisation Centre (NanoRegMed Ltd) London BioScience Innovation Centre 2 Royal College Street, London NW1 0NH, UK.
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26
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Zhu L, Shen D, Wu C, Gu S. State-of-the-Art on the Preparation, Modification, and Application of Biomass-Derived Carbon Quantum Dots. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c04760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Dekui Shen
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Chunfei Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, U.K
| | - Sai Gu
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guilford GU2 7XH, U.K
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27
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Sun D, Liu T, Wang C, Yang L, Yang S, Zhuo K. Hydrothermal synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots from gardenia fruit for sensitive on-off-on detection of Hg 2+ and cysteine. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 240:118598. [PMID: 32563034 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots (N/S-CDs) were prepared by a simple hydrothermal method using gardenia fruit as precursor. The N/S-CDs are nearly spherical particles with a size of 2.1 nm and possess excellent fluorescence stability in a wide pH range and high NaCl concentrations, as well as under UV light irradiation. The absolute quantum yield (QY) without any surface modification reaches up to 10.7%. Meanwhile, the N/S-CDs can be quenched by Hg2+ (turn-off), while the quenched fluorescence can be recovered (turn-on) by introducing cysteine (Cys), with linear ranges of 2-20 μM for Hg2+and 0.1-2.0 μM for Cys. On the basis of the on-off-on sensing mode, the N/S-CDs can be used to detect Hg2+ and Cys. Hence, the N/S-CDs would be a promising sensor in environmental and biological analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Tiantian Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Chunfeng Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Lifang Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Shengkai Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Kelei Zhuo
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China.
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28
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Tian H, Dai Y, Fu W, Liu H, Li M, Lv M, Yin X. Dansyl-modified carbon dots with dual-emission for pH sensing, Fe 3+ ion detection and fluorescent ink. RSC Adv 2020; 10:36971-36979. [PMID: 35521248 PMCID: PMC9057030 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06097f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, a multifunctional ratiometric fluorescence (FL) nanohybrid (CSCDs@DC) was synthesized from chitosan based carbon dots (CSCDs) and dansyl chloride (DC) at room temperature. The CSCDs@DC revealed strong FL intensity, great stability and excellent anti-photobleaching properties. Herein, CSCDs@DC was responsive to pH value in the range of 1.5-4.0 and exhibited color-switchable FL properties between acidic and alkaline environments. In addition, CSCDs@DC showed good selectivity and sensitivity towards Fe3+ ions. A good linear relationship for the Fe3+ ion detection was obtained in the range from 0 μM to 100 μM, with a detection limit of 1.23 μM. What's more, CSCDs@DC can be used as a fluorescent ink. It expressed superior optical properties after 3 months of storage or continuous exposure to UV light for 24 h. This study suggested that CSCDs@DC had potential in the detection of pH and metal ions, as well as showing promising application in the anti-counterfeiting field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Tian
- Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University 58th Renmin Road Haikou Hainan 570228 P. R. China +86 898 66291383 +86 898 66279161 +86 13138907588
| | - Yongcheng Dai
- Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University 58th Renmin Road Haikou Hainan 570228 P. R. China +86 898 66291383 +86 898 66279161 +86 13138907588
| | - Wenzhe Fu
- Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University 58th Renmin Road Haikou Hainan 570228 P. R. China +86 898 66291383 +86 898 66279161 +86 13138907588
| | - Haifang Liu
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Haikou Hospital Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (Haikou Municipal People Hospital) Haikou Hainan 570208 P. R. China
| | - Mengting Li
- Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University 58th Renmin Road Haikou Hainan 570228 P. R. China +86 898 66291383 +86 898 66279161 +86 13138907588
| | - Meiyuan Lv
- Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University 58th Renmin Road Haikou Hainan 570228 P. R. China +86 898 66291383 +86 898 66279161 +86 13138907588
| | - Xueqiong Yin
- Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University 58th Renmin Road Haikou Hainan 570228 P. R. China +86 898 66291383 +86 898 66279161 +86 13138907588
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Kortel M, Mansuriya BD, Vargas Santana N, Altintas Z. Graphene Quantum Dots as Flourishing Nanomaterials for Bio-Imaging, Therapy Development, and Micro-Supercapacitors. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:E866. [PMID: 32962061 PMCID: PMC7570118 DOI: 10.3390/mi11090866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are considerably a new member of the carbon family and shine amongst other members, thanks to their superior electrochemical, optical, and structural properties as well as biocompatibility features that enable us to engage them in various bioengineering purposes. Especially, the quantum confinement and edge effects are giving GQDs their tremendous character, while their heteroatom doping attributes enable us to specifically and meritoriously tune their prospective characteristics for innumerable operations. Considering the substantial role offered by GQDs in the area of biomedicine and nanoscience, through this review paper, we primarily focus on their applications in bio-imaging, micro-supercapacitors, as well as in therapy development. The size-dependent aspects, functionalization, and particular utilization of the GQDs are discussed in detail with respect to their distinct nano-bio-technological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zeynep Altintas
- Technical University of Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 124, 10623 Berlin, Germany; (M.K.); (B.D.M.); (N.V.S.)
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A dual-mode nanoprobe for the determination of parathion methyl based on graphene quantum dots modified silver nanoparticles. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:5583-5591. [PMID: 32572544 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02773-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We developed a highly sensitive and selective method for double-signal analysis (fluorescence and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry) of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs), based on reversible quenching of graphene quantum dots (GQDs; fluorophores) with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs; absorbers). We used acetylcholinesterase to catalytically convert acetylthiocholine into thiocholine. In turn, by competitive binding to the AgNPs, the produced thiocholine displaces AgNPs from the GQDs and thus induces fluorescence recovery. However, OP analytes inhibit the activity of acetylcholinesterase and, in so doing, retain the silver-graphene nanoparticle complex and fluorescence quenching. The degree of quenching is proportional to the concentration of OPs; the detection limit is as low as 0.017 μg/L. The ultraviolet-visible absorption of GQDs/AgNPs at 390 nm decreases-because of AgNP aggregation that occurs after desorption from the GQDs-and the absorbance is linearly proportional to the OP concentration. Our system has good selectivity to substances that are commonly present in water and vegetables. We successfully applied our method to OP analysis in water, apple, and carrot samples.
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