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Xiao Q, Cao H, Tu X, Pan C, Fang Y, Huang S. The influence of near-infrared carbon dots on the conformational variation and enzymatic activity of glucose oxidase: A multi-spectroscopic and biochemical study with molecular docking. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:133198. [PMID: 38889829 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the exceptional biocatalytic properties of glucose oxidase (GOx) have spurred the development of various GOx-functionalized nanocatalysts for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Carbon dots, renowned for their excellent biocompatibility and distinctive fluorescence properties, effectively incorporate GOx. Given the paramount importance of GOx's enzymatic activity in therapeutic efficacy, this study conducts a thorough exploration of the molecular-level binding dynamics between GOx and near-infrared carbon dots (NIR-CDs). Utilizing various spectrometric and molecular simulation techniques, we reveal that NIR-CDs form a ground-state complex with GOx primarily via hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces, interacting directly with amino acid residues in GOx's active site. This binding leads to conformational change and reduces thermal stability of GOx, slightly inhibiting its enzymatic activity and demonstrating a competitive inhibition effect. In vitro experiments demonstrate that NIR-CDs attenuate the GOx's capacity to produce H2O2 in HeLa cells, mitigating enzyme-induced cytotoxicity and cellular damage. This comprehensive elucidation of the intricate binding mechanisms between NIR-CDs and GOx provides critical insights for the design of NIR-CD-based nanotherapeutic platforms to augment cancer therapy. Such advancements lay the groundwork for innovative and efficacious cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xiao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, PR China
| | - Huishan Cao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, PR China
| | - Xincong Tu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, PR China
| | - Chunyan Pan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, PR China
| | - Yi Fang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, PR China
| | - Shan Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, PR China.
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Ma J, Qin C, Hu X, Lin Z, Li Z, Gao Y. Health risks posed by environmental benzophenone-type ultraviolet filters (BP-UVFs): An investigation into the binding of BP-UVFs to trypsin and their adverse effects. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132231. [PMID: 37557051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Benzophenone-type ultraviolet filters (BP-UVFs) are ubiquitous in the environment, and people frequently ingest them via food chain and drinking water. However, there is no clear information about whether BP-UVFs are detrimental to human health. Herein, experiments using multi-spectroscopy revealed typical BP-UVFs, i.e., benzophenone (BP), 2-hydroxybenzophenone (2-OHBP), 4-hydroxybenzophenone (4-OHBP), 2,2'-dihydroxybenzophenone (2,2'-OHBP), 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone (2,4-OHBP), 4,4'-dihydroxybenzophenone (4,4'-OHBP), 2,4,4'-trihydroxybenzophenone (2,4,4'-OHBP), 2,2',4,4'-tetraphydroxybenzophenone (2,2',4,4'-OHBP), 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (2-OH-4-MeOBP) and 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (2,2'-OH-4-MeOBP), could bind to the active site of trypsin with different binding constants (2.69 × 104-1.07 × 106 L/mol), cause structural abnormalities and inhibit the enzymatic activity in varying degrees, indicating that the BP-UVFs ingestion poses a risk to human health. In contrast to previous research, this study systematically analysed the binding mechanism using an innovative combination of molecular docking and advanced quantum chemistry calculations, including molecular dynamics simulations, energy calculations, etc. The results revealed that most amino acids that make up trypsin have a greater positive electrostatic surface potential (ESP). Therefore, the greater the area and distribution of negative ESP in a particular BP-UVFs, the more easily it will bind to trypsin. This provides new insight into the binding of pollutants to proteins. This study suggests a need for better monitoring and control of environmental BP-UVFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchao Ma
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Chao Qin
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Xiaojie Hu
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Zhipeng Lin
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Zekai Li
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yanzheng Gao
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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Pan X, Yu XZ, Qin P. Effects of two food colorants on catalase and trypsin: Binding evidences from experimental and computational analysis. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 297:122702. [PMID: 37054570 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Recently, growing concern has been paid to the toxicity of additives in food. The present study investigated the interaction of two commonly used food colorants, quinoline yellow (QY) and sunset yellow (SY), with catalase and trypsin under physiological conditions by fluorescence, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), ultraviolet-vis absorption, synchronous fluorescence techniques as well as molecular docking. Based on the fluorescence spectra and ITC data, both QY and SY could significantly quench the intrinsic fluorescence of catalase or trypsin spontaneously to form a moderate complex driven by different forces. Additionally, the thermodynamics results demonstrated QY bind more tightly to both catalase and trypsin than SY, suggesting QY poses more of a threat to two enzymes than SY. Furthermore, the binding of two colorants could not only lead to the conformational and microenvironmental alterations of both catalase and trypsin, but also inhibit the activity of two enzymes. This study provides an important reference for understanding the biological transportation of synthetic food colorants in vivo, and enhancing their risk assessment on food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingren Pan
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory & Technology for Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, PR China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Linyi University, Shandong Province, Shuangling Road, Linyi 276005, PR China
| | - Xiao-Zhang Yu
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory & Technology for Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, PR China.
| | - Pengfei Qin
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Linyi University, Shandong Province, Shuangling Road, Linyi 276005, PR China.
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Xiao Q, Luo H, Cao H, Li B, Liu J, Liu Y, Huang S. Investigation on conformational variation and enzymatic activity of trypsin affected by Ti 3C 2 QDs via spectroscopic technique and molecular modeling. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 285:121878. [PMID: 36183537 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, Ti3C2 quantum dots (Ti3C2 QDs) were synthesized by simply treating Ti3C2 MXene powder with acid and base via hydrothermal method. Ti3C2 QDs exhibited superior fluorescence property and were used for the fluorescent imaging of living HeLa cells successfully. In order to evaluate the influence of Ti3C2 QDs on protease with specific biological functions, binding interaction of Ti3C2 QDs with trypsin was studied comprehensively and deeply through spectroscopic strategies and molecular modeling technique. The intrinsic fluorescence of trypsin was spontaneously quenched by Ti3C2 QDs through static quenching mode under van der Waals interaction force, and Ti3C2 QDs bound with the inactive residue domain of trypsin firmly with stoichiometric ratio of 1:1. Ti3C2 QDs induced the microenvironmental variation of the amino acid residues in trypsin, reducing the thermal stability of trypsin significantly. Gel electrophoresis experiments and microscopic imaging experiments demonstrated that Ti3C2 QDs inhibited the enzymatic activity of trypsin on the digestion of human serum albumin and HeLa cells obviously. These results revealed not only the deep interaction mechanism between Ti3C2 QDs and protease but also the influence of Ti3C2 QDs on the enzymatic activity of trypsin, paving the way for the safe biological application of Ti3C2 QDs in the diagnosis and the therapy of protease-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xiao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, PR China.
| | - Huajian Luo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, PR China
| | - Huishan Cao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, PR China
| | - Bo Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, PR China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300378, PR China
| | - Shan Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, PR China.
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Zhu R, Liang Y, Luo H, Cao H, Liu Y, Huang S, Xiao Q. Investigations of interaction mechanism and conformational variation of serum albumin affected by artemisinin and dihydroartemisinin. J Mol Recognit 2023; 36:e3000. [PMID: 36315411 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.3000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In this work, binding interactions of artemisinin (ART) and dihydroartemisinin (DHA) with human serum albumin (HSA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were investigated thoroughly to illustrate the conformational variation of serum albumin. Experimental results indicated that ART and DHA bound strongly with the site I of serum albumins via hydrogen bond (H-bond) and van der Waals force and subsequently statically quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of serum albumins through concentration-dependent manner. The quenching abilities of two drugs on the intrinsic fluorescence of HSA were much higher than the quenching abilities of two drugs on the intrinsic fluorescence of BSA. Both ART and DHA, especially DHA, caused the conformational variation of serum albumins and reduced the α-helix structure content of serum albumins. DHA with hydrophilic hydroxyl group bound with HSA more strongly, suggesting the important roles of the chemical polarity and the hydrophilicity during the binding interactions of two drugs with serum albumins. These results reveal the molecular understanding of binding interactions between ART derivatives and serum albumins, providing vital information for the future application of ART derivatives in biological and clinical areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rukui Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Huajian Luo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Huishan Cao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Xiao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
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Khayyat AIA, Zargar S, Wani TA, Rehman MU, Khan AA. Association Mechanism and Conformational Changes in Trypsin on Its Interaction with Atrazine: A Multi- Spectroscopic and Biochemical Study with Computational Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105636. [PMID: 35628445 PMCID: PMC9146720 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrazine (ATR) is a herbicide globally used to eliminate undesired weeds. Herbicide usage leads to various adverse effects on human health and the environment. The primary source of herbicides in humans is the food laced with the herbicides. The ATR binding to trypsin (TYP) was investigated in this study to explore its binding potential and toxicity. In vitro interaction of ATR with TYP was studied using multi-spectroscopic methods, molecular docking, and enzyme kinetics to explore the mechanism of binding for the TYP-ATR system. The TYP-ATR complex revealed binding constants (103 M-1), suggesting a moderate binding. The free energy for the TYP-ATR complexes was negative, suggesting a spontaneous interaction. Thermodynamic parameters enthalpy (ΔH) and entropy (ΔS) obtained positive values for the TYP-ATR system suggesting hydrophobic interactions in the binding process. Micro-environmental and conformational changes in TYP molecules were induced on interaction with ATR. Reduced catalytic activity of TYP was observed after interaction with ATR owing to the changes in the secondary structure of the TYP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwa Ishaq A. Khayyat
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Seema Zargar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (T.A.W.)
| | - Tanveer A. Wani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (T.A.W.)
| | - Muneeb U. Rehman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Azmat Ali Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
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Meng X, Nan G, Li Y, Du Y, Zhao H, Zheng H, Li W, Liu H, Li Y, Yang G. Study on the interaction between nimodipine and five proteinases and the effects of naringin and vitamin C on these interactions by spectroscopic and molecular docking methods. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 272:120982. [PMID: 35139470 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.120982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The interaction mechanisms of nimodipine with pepsin, trypsin, α-chymotrypsin, lysozyme and human serum albumin were investigated by multispectral and molecular docking methods. Vitamin C and naringin were the main active components of grapefruit juice, and nimodipine was the typical drug that interacts with this juice. Fluorescence spectroscopy was used to study the interaction of nimodipine with five proteinases (pepsin, trypsin, α-chymotrypsin, lysozyme and human serum albumin) and the effects of vitamin C and naringin on these interactions. The fluorescence quenching results showed that nimodipine can quench the intrinsic fluorescence of these five proteinases by a static quenching procedure. Nimodipine binds to pepsin and α-chymotrypsin, through hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces, whereas it binds to trypsin, lysozyme and human serum albumin mainly by hydrophobic interactions. The microenvironment of the five proteinases changed. The probability of nonradiative energy transfer between the five proteinases and nimodipine was high. Both vitamin C and naringin reduced the binding constant of nimodipine to the four proteinases (except α-chymotrypsin) and might increase the concentration of free nimodipine. Thus, vitamin C or naringin in fruits or foods could increase the blood concentration of free nimodipine and perhaps a reduction in nimodipine dose was needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianxin Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Guanjun Nan
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yunzhe Li
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yan Du
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Hongwen Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Hongxia Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Wanlu Li
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Henglin Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Yiping Li
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Guangde Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China.
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Luo H, Li B, Liu J, Liu Y, Xiao Q, Huang S. Investigation on conformational variation and fibrillation of human serum albumin affected by molybdenum disulfide quantum dots. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 190:999-1006. [PMID: 34487782 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this work, binding interaction between molybdenum disulfide quantum dots (MoS2 QDs) and human serum albumin (HSA) was researched deeply to dissect the conformational variation and fibrillation of HSA affected by MoS2 QDs. The results revealed that MoS2 QDs bound strongly with HSA with molar ratio of 1:1 under the joint actions of hydrogen bond and van der Waals force, leading to the static fluorescence quenching of HSA. MoS2 QDs caused the secondary structure transition of HSA from α-helix stepwise to β-turn, β-sheet, and random coil gradually. MoS2 QDs reduced both the molar enthalpy change and the melting temperature of HSA, reducing the thermal stability of HSA significantly. It is worth noting that MoS2 QDs inhibited the fibrillation process of HSA according to the reduced hydrophobic environment and the disturbance of disulfide bonds in HSA network structure. These results reveal the precise binding mechanism of MoS2 QDs with HSA at molecular level, providing indispensable information for the potential application of MoS2 QDs in biological fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajian Luo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, PR China
| | - Bo Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, PR China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, PR China
| | - Qi Xiao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, PR China.
| | - Shan Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, PR China.
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Gao Y, Xu S, Liu Z, Yu K, Pan X. Dual-Emission Fluorescence Probe Based on CdTe Quantum Dots and Rhodamine B for Visual Detection of Mercury and Its Logic Gate Behavior. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:713. [PMID: 34207022 PMCID: PMC8234752 DOI: 10.3390/mi12060713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
It is urgent that a convenient and sensitive technique of detecting Hg2+ be developed because of its toxicity. Conventional fluorescence analysis works with a single fluorescence probe, and it often suffers from signal fluctuations which are influenced by external factors. In this research, a novel dual-emission probe assembled through utilizing CdTe quantum dots (QDs) and rhodamine B was designed to detect Hg2+ visually. Only the emission of CdTe QDs was quenched after adding Hg2+ in the dual-emission probe, which caused an intensity ratio change of the two different emission wavelengths and hence facilitated the visual detection of Hg2+. Compared to single emission QDs-based probe, a better linear relationship was shown between the variation of fluorescence intensity and the concentration of Hg2+, and the limit of detection (LOD) was found to be11.4 nM in the range of 0-2.6 μM. Interestingly, the intensity of the probe containing Hg2+ could be recovered in presence of glutathione (GSH) due to the stronger binding affinity of Hg2+ towards GSH than that towards CdTe QDs. Based on this phenomenon, an IMPLICATION logic gate using Hg2+/GSH as inputs and the fluorescence signal of QDs as an output was constructed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefeng Gao
- College of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China; (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (K.Y.)
| | - Sai Xu
- School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Zhijian Liu
- College of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China; (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (K.Y.)
| | - Kezhen Yu
- College of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China; (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (K.Y.)
| | - Xinxiang Pan
- College of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China; (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (K.Y.)
- Maritime College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
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