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Niu H, Li MY, Gao Y, Li JG, Jiang J, Ying YL, Long YT. Direct mapping of tyrosine sulfation states in native peptides by nanopore. Nat Chem Biol 2024:10.1038/s41589-024-01734-x. [PMID: 39322788 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-024-01734-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Sulfation is considered the most prevalent post-translational modification (PTM) on tyrosine; however, its importance is frequently undervalued due to difficulties in direct and unambiguous determination from phosphorylation. Here we present a sequence-independent strategy to directly map and quantify the tyrosine sulfation states in universal native peptides using an engineered protein nanopore. Molecular dynamics simulations and nanopore mutations reveal specific interactions between tyrosine sulfation and the engineered nanopore, dominating identification across diverse peptide sequences. We show a nanopore framework to discover tyrosine sulfation in unknown peptide fragments digested from a native protein and determine the sequence of the sulfated fragment based on current blockade enhancement induced by sulfation. Moreover, our method allows direct observation of peptide sulfation in ultra-low abundance, down to 1%, and distinguishes it from isobaric phosphorylation. This sequence-independent strategy suggests the potential of nanopore to explore specific PTMs in real-life samples and at the omics level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Niu
- Molecular Sensing and Imaging Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng-Yin Li
- Molecular Sensing and Imaging Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yan Gao
- Molecular Sensing and Imaging Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun-Ge Li
- Molecular Sensing and Imaging Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Molecular Sensing and Imaging Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi-Lun Ying
- Molecular Sensing and Imaging Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi-Tao Long
- Molecular Sensing and Imaging Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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2
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Lewis F, Shoieb D, Azmoun S, Colicino E, Jin Y, Chi J, Gu H, Placidi D, Padovani A, Pilotto A, Pepe F, Turla M, Crippa P, Wang X, Lucchini RG. Metabolomic and Lipidomic Analysis of Manganese-Associated Parkinsonism: a Case-Control Study in Brescia, Italy. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.09.04.24313002. [PMID: 39281765 PMCID: PMC11398432 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.04.24313002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Excessive Manganese (Mn) exposure is neurotoxic and can cause Mn-Induced Parkinsonism (MnIP), marked by cognitive and motor dysfunction. Although metabolomic and lipidomic research in Parkinsonism (PD) patients exists, it remains limited. This study hypothesizes distinct metabolomic and lipidomic profiles based on exposure status, disease diagnosis, and their interaction. Methods We used a case-control design with a 2×2 factorial framework to investigate the metabolomic and lipidomic alterations associated with Mn exposure and their link to PD. The study population of 97 individuals was divided into four groups: non-exposed controls (n=23), exposed controls (n=25), non-exposed with PD (n=26) and exposed with PD (n=23). Cases, defined by at least two cardinal PD features (excluding vascular, iatrogenic, and traumatic origins), were recruited from movement disorder clinics in four hospitals in Brescia, Northern Italy. Controls, free from neurological or psychiatric conditions, were selected from the same hospitals. Exposed subjects resided in metallurgic regions (Val Camonica and Bagnolo Mella) for at least 8 continuous years, while non-exposed subjects lived in low-exposure areas around Lake Garda and Brescia city. We conducted untargeted analyses of metabolites and lipids in whole blood samples using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) and mass spectrometry (MS), followed by statistical analyses including Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), and Two-Way Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Results Metabolomic analysis revealed modulation of alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism (Impact=0.05, p=0.001) associated with disease effect; butanoate metabolism (Impact=0.03, p=0.004) with the exposure effect; and vitamin B6 metabolism (Impact=0.08, p=0.03) with the interaction effect. Differential relative abundances in 3-sulfoxy-L-Tyrosine (β=1.12, FDR p<0.001), glycocholic acid (β=0.48, FDR p=0.03), and palmitelaidic acid (β=0.30, FDR p<0.001) were linked to disease, exposure, and interaction effects, respectively. In the lipidome, ferroptosis (Pathway Lipids=11, FDR p=0.03) associated with the disease effect and sphingolipid signaling (Pathway Lipids=9, FDR p=0.04) associated with the interaction effect were significantly altered. Lipid classes triacylglycerols, ceramides, and phosphatidylethanolamines showed differential relative abundances associated with disease, exposure, and interaction effects, respectively. Discussion These findings suggest that PD and Mn exposure induce unique metabolomic and lipidomic changes, potentially serving as biomarkers for MnIP and warranting further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freeman Lewis
- Environmental Health Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, 33199, Florida, USA
| | - Daniel Shoieb
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, 25123, Italy
| | - Somaiyeh Azmoun
- Environmental Health Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, 33199, Florida, USA
| | - Elena Colicino
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Climate Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 E 102nd St, New York, 10029, New York, USA
| | - Yan Jin
- Environmental Health Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, 33199, Florida, USA
| | - Jinhua Chi
- Environmental Health Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, 33199, Florida, USA
| | - Haiwei Gu
- Environmental Health Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, 33199, Florida, USA
| | - Donatella Placidi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, 25123, Italy
| | - Alessandro Padovani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, 25123, Italy and Department of continuity of care and frailty, Neurology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Pilotto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, 25123, Italy and Department of continuity of care and frailty, Neurology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fulvio Pepe
- Clinic of Neurology, Poliambulanza Foundation, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marinella Turla
- Clinic of Neurology, Esine Hospital of Valcamonica, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Xuexia Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, 33199, Florida, USA
| | - Roberto G Lucchini
- Environmental Health Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, 33199, Florida, USA
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neurosciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Universitá, 4, Modena, 610101, Italy
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3
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Youssef MM, Szot CW, Folz J, Collier LM, Kweon HK, DeFiglia SA, Ayad MF, Hussein LA, Abdel-Ghany MF, Hakansson K. Electron Capture vs Transfer Dissociation for Site Determination of Tryptic Peptide Tyrosine Sulfation: Direct Detection of Fibrinogen Sulfation Sites and Identification of Novel Isobaric Interferences. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:2386-2396. [PMID: 38900499 PMCID: PMC11231624 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Tyrosine sulfation, an understudied but crucial post-translational modification, cannot be directly detected in conventional nanoflow liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (nanoLC-MS/MS) due to the extreme sulfate lability. Here, we report the detection of sulfate-retaining fragments from LC-electron capture dissociation (ECD) and nanoLC-electron transfer higher energy collision dissociation (EThcD). Sulfopeptide candidates were identified by Proteome Discoverer and MSFragger analysis of nanoLC-HCD MS/MS data and added to inclusion lists for LC-ECD or nanoLC-EThcD MS/MS. When this approach failed, targeted LC-ECD with fixed m/z isolation windows was performed. For the plasma protein fibrinogen, the known pyroglutamylated sulfopeptide QFPTDYDEGQDDRPK from the beta chain N-terminus was identified despite a complete lack of sulfate-containing fragment ions. The peptide QVGVEHHVEIEYD from the gamma-B chain C-terminus was also identified as sulfated or phosphorylated. This sulfopeptide is not annotated in Uniprot but was previously reported. MSFragger further identified a cysteine-containing peptide from the middle of the gamma chain as sulfated and deamidated. NanoLC-EThcD and LC-ECD MS/MS confirmed the two former sulfopeptides via sulfate-retaining fragment ions, whereas an unexpected fragmentation pattern was observed for the third sulfopeptide candidate. Manual interpretation of the LC-ECD spectrum revealed two additional isobaric identifications: a trisulfide-linked cysteinyl-glycine or a carbamidomethyl-dithiothreiotol covalent adduct. Synthesis of such adducts confirmed the latter identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menatallah M Youssef
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Carson W Szot
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Jeff Folz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Luke M Collier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Hye Kyong Kweon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Steven A DeFiglia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Miriam F Ayad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Lobna A Hussein
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Maha F Abdel-Ghany
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Kristina Hakansson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
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Dhakal B, Mandhapati A, Eradi P, Park S, Fibben K, Li K, DeYong A, Escopy S, Karki G, Park DD, Haller CA, Dai E, Sun L, Lam WA, Chaikof EL. Total Synthesis of a PSGL-1 Glycopeptide Analogue for Targeted Inhibition of P-Selectin. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:17414-17427. [PMID: 38865166 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c05090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The high affinity interaction between P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) and P-selectin is mediated by a multimotif glycosulfopeptide (GSP) recognition domain consisting of clustered tyrosine sulfates and a Core 2 O-glycan terminated with sialyl LewisX (C2-O-sLeX). These distinct GSP motifs are much more common than previously appreciated within a wide variety of functionally important domains involved in protein-protein interactions. However, despite the potential of GSPs to serve as tools for fundamental studies and prospects for drug discovery, their utility has been limited by the absence of chemical schemes for synthesis on scale. Herein, we report the total synthesis of GSnP-6, an analogue of the N-terminal domain of PSGL-1, and potent inhibitor of P-selectin. An efficient, scalable, hydrogenolysis-free synthesis of C2-O-sLeX-Thr-COOH was identified by both convergent and orthogonal one-pot assembly, which afforded this crucial building block, ready for direct use in solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS). C2-O-sLeX-Thr-COOH was synthesized in 10 steps with an overall yield of 23% from the 4-O,5-N oxazolidinone thiosialoside donor. This synthesis represents an 80-fold improvement in reaction yield as compared to prior reports, achieving the first gram scale synthesis of SPPS ready C2-O-sLeX-Thr-COOH and enabling the scalable synthesis of GSnP-6 for preclinical evaluation. Significantly, we established that GSnP-6 displays dose-dependent inhibition of venous thrombosis in vivo and inhibits vaso-occlusive events in a human sickle cell disease equivalent microvasculature-on-a-chip system. The insights gained in formulating this design strategy can be broadly applied to the synthesis of a wide variety of biologically important oligosaccharides and O-glycan bearing glycopeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibek Dhakal
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Appi Mandhapati
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Pradheep Eradi
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Simon Park
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Kirby Fibben
- Departments of Pediatrics and Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Kaicheng Li
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Ashley DeYong
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Samira Escopy
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Geeta Karki
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Diane D Park
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Carolyn A Haller
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Erbin Dai
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Lijun Sun
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Wilbur A Lam
- Departments of Pediatrics and Biomedical Engineering, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Elliot L Chaikof
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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5
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Bashyal A, Brodbelt JS. Uncommon posttranslational modifications in proteomics: ADP-ribosylation, tyrosine nitration, and tyrosine sulfation. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2024; 43:289-326. [PMID: 36165040 PMCID: PMC10040477 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) are covalent modifications of proteins that modulate the structure and functions of proteins and regulate biological processes. The development of various mass spectrometry-based proteomics workflows has facilitated the identification of hundreds of PTMs and aided the understanding of biological significance in a high throughput manner. Improvements in sample preparation and PTM enrichment techniques, instrumentation for liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and advanced data analysis tools enhance the specificity and sensitivity of PTM identification. Highly prevalent PTMs like phosphorylation, glycosylation, acetylation, ubiquitinylation, and methylation are extensively studied. However, the functions and impact of less abundant PTMs are not as well understood and underscore the need for analytical methods that aim to characterize these PTMs. This review focuses on the advancement and analytical challenges associated with the characterization of three less common but biologically relevant PTMs, specifically, adenosine diphosphate-ribosylation, tyrosine sulfation, and tyrosine nitration. The advantages and disadvantages of various enrichment, separation, and MS/MS techniques utilized to identify and localize these PTMs are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Bashyal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Jennifer S Brodbelt
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
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D’Antona AM, Lee JM, Zhang M, Friedman C, He T, Mosyak L, Bennett E, Lin L, Silverman M, Cometa F, Meade C, Hageman T, Sousa E, Cohen J, Marquette K, Ferguson D, Zhong X. Tyrosine Sulfation at Antibody Light Chain CDR-1 Increases Binding Affinity and Neutralization Potency to Interleukine-4. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1931. [PMID: 38339208 PMCID: PMC10855961 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Structure and function of therapeutic antibodies can be modulated by a variety of post-translational modifications (PTM). Tyrosine (Tyr) sulfation is a type of negatively charged PTM that occurs during protein trafficking through the Golgi. In this study, we discovered that an anti-interleukin (IL)-4 human IgG1, produced by transiently transfected HEK293 cells, contained a fraction of unusual negatively charged species. Interestingly, the isolated acidic species exhibited a two-fold higher affinity to IL-4 and a nearly four-fold higher potency compared to the main species. Mass spectrometry (MS) showed the isolated acidic species possessed an +80-Dalton from the expected mass, suggesting an occurrence of Tyr sulfation. Consistent with this hypothesis, we show the ability to control the acidic species during transient expression with the addition of Tyr sulfation inhibitor sodium chlorate or, conversely, enriched the acidic species from 30% to 92% of the total antibody protein when the IL-4 IgG was co-transfected with tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase genes. Further MS and mutagenesis analysis identified a Tyr residue at the light chain complementarity-determining region-1 (CDRL-1), which was sulfated specifically. These results together have demonstrated for the first time that Tyr sulfation at CDRL-1 could modulate antibody binding affinity and potency to a human immune cytokine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M. D’Antona
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Research & Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA (T.H.); (T.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Julie M. Lee
- Translational Clinical Sciences, Pfizer Discovery & Early Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Melvin Zhang
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Pfizer Research & Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Clarence Friedman
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Research & Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA (T.H.); (T.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Tao He
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Research & Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA (T.H.); (T.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Lidia Mosyak
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Research & Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA (T.H.); (T.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Eric Bennett
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Research & Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA (T.H.); (T.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Laura Lin
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Research & Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA (T.H.); (T.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Maddison Silverman
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Research & Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA (T.H.); (T.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Funi Cometa
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Research & Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA (T.H.); (T.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Caryl Meade
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Research & Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA (T.H.); (T.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Tyler Hageman
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Research & Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA (T.H.); (T.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Eric Sousa
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Research & Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA (T.H.); (T.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Justin Cohen
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Research & Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA (T.H.); (T.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Kimberly Marquette
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Research & Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA (T.H.); (T.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Darren Ferguson
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Research & Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA (T.H.); (T.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Xiaotian Zhong
- BioMedicine Design, Pfizer Research & Development, 610 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA (T.H.); (T.H.); (E.S.)
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7
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Pinheiro I, Calo N, Paolini-Bertrand M, Hartley O. Arylsulfatases and neuraminidases modulate engagement of CCR5 by chemokines by removing key electrostatic interactions. Sci Rep 2024; 14:292. [PMID: 38167636 PMCID: PMC10762049 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50944-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The chemokine receptor CCR5 is known to exist in cell surface subpopulations that differ in their capacity to engage ligands. One proposed explanation for this phenomenon is the presence of CCR5 species with different levels of post-translational modifications (PTMs). Tyrosine sulfation and O-glycan sialylation are PTMs that add negative charges to the extracellular domain of CCR5 and make strong contributions to chemokine binding but it is not known whether cellular mechanisms to control their levels exist. In this study we used a combination of sulfation-sensitive and sulfation-insensitive CCR5 ligands to show that the rate of turnover of CCR5 tyrosine sulfation is more rapid than the rate of turnover of the receptor itself. This suggests that the steady state level of CCR5 sulfation is maintained through the combination of tyrosine protein sulfotransferase (TPST), the trans-Golgi network (TGN)-resident 'source enzyme, and a 'sink' activity that removes tyrosine sulfation from CCR5. By measuring the effects on ligand binding of knockdown and overexpression experiments, we provided evidence that non-lysosomal cellular arylsulfatases, particularly ARSG, ARSI and ARSJ, are CCR5 sulfation 'sink' enzymes. We also used targeted knockdown and sialylation-sensitive and insensitive chemokines to identify the sialidase NEU3 as a candidate 'sink' enzyme for CCR5 O-glycan sialylation. This study provides the first experimental evidence of activity of sulfatase and sialidase 'sink' enzymes on CCR5, providing a potential mechanism for cells to control steady-state levels of these PTMs and thereby exert dynamic control over receptor-ligand interactions at the cell surface and during receptor desensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Pinheiro
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Calo
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Orion Biotechnology, Campus Biotech Innovation Park, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marianne Paolini-Bertrand
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Hartley
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Orion Biotechnology, Campus Biotech Innovation Park, Geneva, Switzerland.
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8
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Xu P, Cai X, Guan X, Xie W. Sulfoconjugation of protein peptides and glycoproteins in physiology and diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 251:108540. [PMID: 37777160 PMCID: PMC10842354 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Protein sulfoconjugation, or sulfation, represents a critical post-translational modification (PTM) process that involves the attachment of sulfate groups to various positions of substrates within the protein peptides or glycoproteins. This process plays a dynamic and complex role in many physiological and pathological processes. Here, we summarize the importance of sulfation in the fields of oncology, virology, drug-induced liver injury (DILI), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and atherosclerosis. In oncology, sulfation is involved in tumor initiation, progression, and migration. In virology, sulfation influences viral entry, replication, and host immune response. In DILI, sulfation is associated with the incidence of DILI, where altered sulfation affects drug metabolism and toxicity. In IBD, dysregulation of sulfation compromises mucosal barrier and immune response. In atherosclerosis, sulfation influences the development of atherosclerosis by modulating the accumulation of lipoprotein, and the inflammation, proliferation, and migration of smooth muscle cells. The current review underscores the importance of further research to unravel the underlying mechanisms and therapeutic potential of targeting sulfoconjugation in various diseases. A better understanding of sulfation could facilitate the emergence of innovative diagnostic or therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Xu
- Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xinran Cai
- Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Xiuchen Guan
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wen Xie
- Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
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9
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Liu C, Liu X, Zhou M, Xia C, Lyu Y, Peng Q, Soni C, Zhou Z, Su Q, Wu Y, Weerapana E, Gao J, Chatterjee A, Cheng L, Jia N. Fluorosulfate as a Latent Sulfate in Peptides and Proteins. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:20189-20195. [PMID: 37647087 PMCID: PMC10623540 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Sulfation widely exists in the eukaryotic proteome. However, understanding the biological functions of sulfation in peptides and proteins has been hampered by the lack of methods to control its spatial or temporal distribution in the proteome. Herein, we report that fluorosulfate can serve as a latent precursor of sulfate in peptides and proteins, which can be efficiently converted to sulfate by hydroxamic acid reagents under physiologically relevant conditions. Photocaging the hydroxamic acid reagents further allowed for the light-controlled activation of functional sulfopeptides. This work provides a valuable tool for probing the functional roles of sulfation in peptides and proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Xueyi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Mi Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Chaoshuang Xia
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
| | - Yuhan Lyu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Qianni Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Chintan Soni
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Zefeng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Qiwen Su
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Yujia Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Eranthie Weerapana
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Jianmin Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Abhishek Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Lin Cheng
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
| | - Niu Jia
- Department of Chemistry, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
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10
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Goth CK, Mehta AY, McQuillan AM, Baker KJ, Hanes MS, Park SS, Stavenhagen K, Hjortø GM, Heimburg-Molinaro J, Chaikof EL, Rosenkilde MM, Cummings RD. Chemokine binding to PSGL-1 is controlled by O-glycosylation and tyrosine sulfation. Cell Chem Biol 2023; 30:893-905.e7. [PMID: 37463583 PMCID: PMC10530560 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Protein glycosylation influences cellular recognition and regulates protein interactions, but how glycosylation functions alongside other common posttranslational modifications (PTMs), like tyrosine sulfation (sTyr), is unclear. We produced a library of 53 chemoenzymatically synthesized glycosulfopeptides representing N-terminal domains of human and murine P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1), varying in sTyr and O-glycosylation (structure and site). Using these, we identified key roles of PSGL-1 O-glycosylation and sTyr in controlling interactions with specific chemokines. Results demonstrate that sTyr positively affects CCL19 and CCL21 binding to PSGL-1 N terminus, whereas O-glycan branching and sialylation reduced binding. For murine PSGL-1, interference between PTMs is greater, attributed to proximity between the two PTMs. Using fluorescence polarization, we found sTyr is a positive determinant for some chemokines. We showed that synthetic sulfopeptides are potent in decreasing chemotaxis of human dendritic cells toward CCL19 and CCL21. Our results provide new research avenues into the interplay of PTMs regulating leukocyte/chemokine interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoffer K Goth
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, National Center for Functional Glycomics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Akul Y Mehta
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, National Center for Functional Glycomics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Alyssa M McQuillan
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, National Center for Functional Glycomics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kelly J Baker
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, National Center for Functional Glycomics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Melinda S Hanes
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, National Center for Functional Glycomics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Simon S Park
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, National Center for Functional Glycomics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kathrin Stavenhagen
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, National Center for Functional Glycomics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Gertrud M Hjortø
- Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jamie Heimburg-Molinaro
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, National Center for Functional Glycomics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Elliot L Chaikof
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, National Center for Functional Glycomics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Mette M Rosenkilde
- Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, National Center for Functional Glycomics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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11
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"Glyco-sulfo barcodes" regulate chemokine receptor function. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:55. [PMID: 36729338 PMCID: PMC9894980 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04697-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Chemokine ligands and receptors regulate the directional migration of leukocytes. Post-translational modifications of chemokine receptors including O-glycosylation and tyrosine sulfation have been reported to regulate ligand binding and resulting signaling. Through in silico analyses, we determined potential conserved O-glycosylation and sulfation sites on human and murine CC chemokine receptors. Glyco-engineered CHO cell lines were used to measure the impact of O-glycosylation on CC chemokine receptor CCR5, while mutation of tyrosine residues and treatment with sodium chlorate were performed to determine the effect of tyrosine sulfation. Changing the glycosylation or tyrosine sulfation on CCR5 reduced the receptor signaling by the more positively charged CCL5 and CCL8 more profoundly compared to the less charged CCL3. The loss of negatively charged sialic acids resulted only in a minor effect on CCL3-induced signal transduction. The enzymes GalNAc-T1 and GalNAc-T11 were shown to be involved in the process of chemokine receptor O-glycosylation. These results indicate that O-glycosylation and tyrosine sulfation are involved in the fine-tuning and recognition of chemokine interactions with CCR5 and the resulting signaling.
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12
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Efficient TurboID-based proximity labelling method for identifying terminal sialic acid glycosylation in living cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 54:1841-1853. [PMID: 36789692 PMCID: PMC10157534 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2022184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
TurboID, a proximity labelling method based on mutant biotin ligase, is an efficient new technique for recognizing protein-protein interactions and has been successfully applied to living cells. Sialic acid is typically the terminal monosaccharide attached to many glycoproteins and plays many important roles in many biological processes. However, the lack of enrichment methods for terminal sialic acid glycosylation in vivo hinders the identification and analysis of this glycosylation. Here, we introduce TurboID to identify terminal sialic acid glycosylation in living cells. SpCBM, the carbohydrate-binding domain of sialidase from Streptococcus pneumoniae, is fused with TurboID and overexpressed in HeLa cells. After streptavidin-based purification and detection by mass spectrometry, 31 terminal sialic acid N-glycosylated sites and 1359 putative terminal sialic acid glycosylated proteins are identified, many of which are located in the cytoplasm and nucleus.
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13
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Zhong X, D’Antona AM. A potential antibody repertoire diversification mechanism through tyrosine sulfation for biotherapeutics engineering and production. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1072702. [PMID: 36569848 PMCID: PMC9774471 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1072702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The diversity of three hypervariable loops in antibody heavy chain and light chain, termed the complementarity-determining regions (CDRs), defines antibody's binding affinity and specificity owing to the direct contact between the CDRs and antigens. These CDR regions typically contain tyrosine (Tyr) residues that are known to engage in both nonpolar and pi stacking interaction with antigens through their complementary aromatic ring side chains. Nearly two decades ago, sulfotyrosine residue (sTyr), a negatively charged Tyr formed by Golgi-localized membrane-bound tyrosylprotein sulfotransferases during protein trafficking, were also found in the CDR regions and shown to play an important role in modulating antibody-antigen interaction. This breakthrough finding demonstrated that antibody repertoire could be further diversified through post-translational modifications, in addition to the conventional genetic recombination. This review article summarizes the current advances in the understanding of the Tyr-sulfation modification mechanism and its application in potentiating protein-protein interaction for antibody engineering and production. Challenges and opportunities are also discussed.
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14
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Noor F, Ashfaq UA, Asif M, Adeel MM, Alshammari A, Alharbi M. Comprehensive computational analysis reveals YXXΦ[I/L/M/F/V] motif and YXXΦ-like tetrapeptides across HFRS causing Hantaviruses and their association with viral pathogenesis and host immune regulation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1031608. [PMID: 36275660 PMCID: PMC9584616 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1031608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is an acute zoonotic disease transmitted through aerosolized excrement of rodents. The etiology of HFRS is complex due to the involvement of viral factors and host immune and genetic factors. The viral species that dominantly cause HFRS are Puumala virus (PUUV), Seoul virus (SEOV), Dobrava-Belgrade virus (DOBV), and Hantaan virus (HTNV). Despite continuous prevention and control measures, HFRS remains a significant public health problem worldwide. The nucleocapsid protein of PUUV, SEOV, DOBV, and HTNV is a multifunctional viral protein involved in various stages of the viral replication cycle. However, the exact role of nucleoproteins in viral pathogenesis is yet to be discovered. Targeting a universal host protein exploited by most viruses would be a game-changing strategy that offers broad-spectrum solutions and rapid epidemic control. The objective of this study is to understand the replication and pathogenesis of PUUV, SEOV, DOBV, and HTNV by targeting tyrosine-based motif (YXXΦ[I/L/M/F/V]) and YXXΦ-like tetrapeptides. In the light of the current study, in silico analysis uncovered many different YXXΦ[I/L/M/F/V] motifs and YXXΦ-like tetrapeptides within nucleoproteins of PUUV, SEOV, DOBV, and HTNV. Following that, the 3D structures of nucleoproteins were predicted using AlphaFold2 to map the location of YXXΦ[I/L/M/F/V] motif and YXXΦ-like tetrapeptides in a 3D environment. Further, in silico analysis and characterization of Post Translational Modifications (PTMs) revealed multiple PTMs sites within YXXΦ[I/L/M/F/V] motif and YXXΦ-like tetrapeptides, which contribute to virulence and host immune regulation. Our study proposed that the predicted YXXΦ[I/L/M/F/V] motif and YXXΦ-like tetrapeptides may confer specific functions such as virulence, host immune regulation, and pathogenesis to nucleoproteins of PUUV, SEOV, DOBV, and HTNV. However, in vivo and in vitro studies on YXXΦ[I/L/M/F/V] motif and YXXΦ-like tetrapeptides will assign new biological roles to these antiviral targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Noor
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Usman Ali Ashfaq
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Usman Ali Ashfaq,
| | - Muhammad Asif
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Muzammal Adeel
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Abdulrahman Alshammari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Metab Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Kakkanas A, Karamichali E, Koufogeorgou EI, Kotsakis SD, Georgopoulou U, Foka P. Targeting the YXXΦ Motifs of the SARS Coronaviruses 1 and 2 ORF3a Peptides by In Silico Analysis to Predict Novel Virus-Host Interactions. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1052. [PMID: 36008946 PMCID: PMC9405953 DOI: 10.3390/biom12081052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The emerging SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 belong to the family of "common cold" RNA coronaviruses, and they are responsible for the 2003 epidemic and the current pandemic with over 6.3 M deaths worldwide. The ORF3a gene is conserved in both viruses and codes for the accessory protein ORF3a, with unclear functions, possibly related to viral virulence and pathogenesis. The tyrosine-based YXXΦ motif (Φ: bulky hydrophobic residue-L/I/M/V/F) was originally discovered to mediate clathrin-dependent endocytosis of membrane-spanning proteins. Many viruses employ the YXXΦ motif to achieve efficient receptor-guided internalisation in host cells, maintain the structural integrity of their capsids and enhance viral replication. Importantly, this motif has been recently identified on the ORF3a proteins of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. Given that the ORF3a aa sequence is not fully conserved between the two SARS viruses, we aimed to map in silico structural differences and putative sequence-driven alterations of regulatory elements within and adjacently to the YXXΦ motifs that could predict variations in ORF3a functions. Using robust bioinformatics tools, we investigated the presence of relevant post-translational modifications and the YXXΦ motif involvement in protein-protein interactions. Our study suggests that the predicted YXXΦ-related features may confer specific-yet to be discovered-functions to ORF3a proteins, significant to the new virus and related to enhanced propagation, host immune regulation and virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanassios Kakkanas
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 115-21 Athens, Greece; (A.K.); (E.K.); (E.I.K.); (U.G.)
| | - Eirini Karamichali
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 115-21 Athens, Greece; (A.K.); (E.K.); (E.I.K.); (U.G.)
| | - Efthymia Ioanna Koufogeorgou
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 115-21 Athens, Greece; (A.K.); (E.K.); (E.I.K.); (U.G.)
| | - Stathis D. Kotsakis
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 115-21 Athens, Greece;
| | - Urania Georgopoulou
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 115-21 Athens, Greece; (A.K.); (E.K.); (E.I.K.); (U.G.)
| | - Pelagia Foka
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 115-21 Athens, Greece; (A.K.); (E.K.); (E.I.K.); (U.G.)
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16
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Piovesana S, Capriotti AL, Cavaliere C, Cerrato A, Montone CM, Zenezini Chiozzi R, Laganà A. The Key Role of Metal Adducts in the Differentiation of Phosphopeptide from Sulfopeptide Sequences by High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2022; 94:9234-9241. [PMID: 35714062 PMCID: PMC9260711 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Site localization of protein sulfation by high-throughput proteomics remains challenging despite the technological improvements. In this study, sequence analysis and site localization of sulfation in tryptic peptides were determined under a conventional nano-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry configuration. Tryptic sulfopeptide standards were used to study different fragmentation strategies, including collision-induced dissociation (CID), higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD), electron-transfer dissociation (ETD), electron-transfer/higher-energy collision dissociation (EThcD), and electron-transfer/collision-induced dissociation (ETciD), in the positive ionization mode. Sulfopeptides displayed only neutral loss of SO3 under CID, while the sequence could be determined for all other tested fragmentation techniques. Results were compared to the same sequences with phosphotyrosine, indicating important differences, as the sequence and modification localization could be studied by all fragmentation strategies. However, the use of metal adducts, especially potassium, provided valuable information for sulfopeptide localization in ETD and ETD-hybrid strategies by stabilizing the modification and increasing the charge state of sulfopeptides. In these conditions, both the sequence and localization could be obtained. In-source neutral loss of SO3 under EThcD provided diagnostic peaks suitable to distinguish the sulfopeptides from the nearly isobaric phosphopeptides. Further confirmation on the modification type was found in the negative ionization mode, where phosphopeptides always had the typical phosphate product ion corresponding to PO3-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susy Piovesana
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Rome “La
Sapienza”, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Anna Laura Capriotti
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Rome “La
Sapienza”, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Chiara Cavaliere
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Rome “La
Sapienza”, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Andrea Cerrato
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Rome “La
Sapienza”, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Carmela Maria Montone
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Rome “La
Sapienza”, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Riccardo Zenezini Chiozzi
- Biomolecular
Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular
Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
- Netherlands
Proteomics Centre, Padualaan
8, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Aldo Laganà
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Rome “La
Sapienza”, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome 00185, Italy
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17
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Stewart V, Ronald PC. Sulfotyrosine residues: interaction specificity determinants for extracellular protein-protein interactions. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102232. [PMID: 35798140 PMCID: PMC9372746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine sulfation, a post-translational modification, can determine and often enhance protein–protein interaction specificity. Sulfotyrosyl residues (sTyrs) are formed by the enzyme tyrosyl-protein sulfotransferase during protein maturation in the Golgi apparatus and most often occur singly or as a cluster within a six-residue span. With both negative charge and aromatic character, sTyr facilitates numerous atomic contacts as visualized in binding interface structural models, thus there is no discernible binding site consensus. Found exclusively in secreted proteins, in this review, we discuss the four broad sequence contexts in which sTyr has been observed: first, a solitary sTyr has been shown to be critical for diverse high-affinity interactions, such as between peptide hormones and their receptors, in both plants and animals. Second, sTyr clusters within structurally flexible anionic segments are essential for a variety of cellular processes, including coreceptor binding to the HIV-1 envelope spike protein during virus entry, chemokine interactions with receptors, and leukocyte rolling cell adhesion. Third, a subcategory of sTyr clusters is found in conserved acidic sequences termed hirudin-like motifs that enable proteins to interact with thrombin; consequently, many proven and potential therapeutic proteins derived from blood-consuming invertebrates depend on sTyrs for their activity. Finally, several proteins that interact with collagen or similar proteins contain one or more sTyrs within an acidic residue array. Refined methods to direct sTyr incorporation in peptides synthesized both in vitro and in vivo, together with continued advances in mass spectrometry and affinity detection, promise to accelerate discoveries of sTyr occurrence and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valley Stewart
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Davis, USA.
| | - Pamela C Ronald
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, USA; Genome Center, University of California, Davis, USA.
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18
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Tosatto L, Coscia F. A glance at post-translational modifications of human thyroglobulin: potential impact on function and pathogenesis. Eur Thyroid J 2022; 11:e220046. [PMID: 35544053 PMCID: PMC9254275 DOI: 10.1530/etj-22-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid hormones are essential for the metabolism of vertebrates and their synthesis, storage and release in the thyroid gland are orchestrated by their large protein precursor thyroglobulin (Tg). Alterations of Tg structure and localisation often correlate with major thyroid disorders. Namely, Tg is the main antigen in autoimmune thyroid diseases, and mutations in its gene are one of the causes of congenital hypothyroidism. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are crucial for Tg surface properties and may be affected by the disease microenvironment; yet, their role in thyroid homeostasis and pathogenesis remains elusive. The advance of electron cryo-microscopy (cryo-EM) has recently enabled the structure of Tg to be revealed in the un-iodinated and iodinated states. Moreover, ad hoc proteomic analyses have lately identified new PTMs in Tg. Here, we provide an overview of the Tg cryo-EM models obtained so far, and we build a three-dimensional map of known PTMs in Tg. Based on their location, we suggest the potential implication of each PTM in hormonogenesis, interactions with cellular partners, colloid cross-linking and hormone release. In addition, several PTMs overlap with immunogenic regions and pathogenic gene mutations. Hence, our analysis reveals a possible cross-talk between PTMs and alteration of Tg function in these disorders. In perspective, multi-omics analyses from patients, interpreted with structural and functional data, may generate more robust models to correlate phenotypes with classes of Tg functional alterations. This integrative approach will likely provide more targeted strategies to restore specific Tg functions in different thyroid pathologies.
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19
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Jørgensen AS, Brandum EP, Mikkelsen JM, Orfin KA, Boilesen DR, Egerod KL, Moussouras NA, Vilhardt F, Kalinski P, Basse P, Chen YH, Yang Z, Dwinell MB, Volkman BF, Veldkamp CT, Holst PJ, Lahl K, Goth CK, Rosenkilde MM, Hjortø GM. The C-terminal peptide of CCL21 drastically augments CCL21 activity through the dendritic cell lymph node homing receptor CCR7 by interaction with the receptor N-terminus. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:6963-6978. [PMID: 34586443 PMCID: PMC8558179 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03930-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The endogenous chemokines CCL19 and CCL21 signal via their common receptor CCR7. CCL21 is the main lymph node homing chemokine, but a weak chemo-attractant compared to CCL19. Here we show that the 41-amino acid positively charged peptide, released through C-terminal cleavage of CCL21, C21TP, boosts the immune cell recruiting activity of CCL21 by up to 25-fold and the signaling activity via CCR7 by ~ 100-fold. Such boosting is unprecedented. Despite the presence of multiple basic glycosaminoglycan (GAG) binding motifs, C21TP boosting of CCL21 signaling does not involve interference with GAG mediated cell-surface retention. Instead, boosting is directly dependent on O-glycosylations in the CCR7 N-terminus. As dictated by the two-step binding model, the initial chemokine binding involves interaction of the chemokine fold with the receptor N-terminus, followed by insertion of the chemokine N-terminus deep into the receptor binding pocket. Our data suggest that apart from a role in initial chemokine binding, the receptor N-terminus also partakes in a gating mechanism, which could give rise to a reduced ligand activity, presumably through affecting the ligand positioning. Based on experiments that support a direct interaction of C21TP with the glycosylated CCR7 N-terminus, we propose that electrostatic interactions between the positively charged peptide and sialylated O-glycans in CCR7 N-terminus may create a more accessible version of the receptor and thus guide chemokine docking to generate a more favorable chemokine-receptor interaction, giving rise to the peptide boosting effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Sissel Jørgensen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Room 18.5.32., 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emma Probst Brandum
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Room 18.5.32., 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jeppe Malthe Mikkelsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Room 18.5.32., 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaudia A Orfin
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ditte Rahbæk Boilesen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristoffer Lihme Egerod
- Novo Nordisk Foundation, Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Natasha A Moussouras
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Frederik Vilhardt
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pawel Kalinski
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Per Basse
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Yen-Hsi Chen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zhang Yang
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael B Dwinell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Brian F Volkman
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | | | - Peter Johannes Holst
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katharina Lahl
- Immunology Section, Lund University, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
- Section for Experimental and Translational Immunology, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Christoffer Knak Goth
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Room 18.5.32., 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Marie Rosenkilde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Room 18.5.32., 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gertrud Malene Hjortø
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Room 18.5.32., 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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20
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Abstract
A dense and diverse array of glycans on glycoproteins and glycolipids decorate all cell surfaces. In vertebrates, many of these carry sialic acid, in a variety of linkages and glycan contexts, as their outermost sugar moiety. Among their functions, glycans engage complementary glycan binding proteins (lectins) to regulate cell physiology. Among the glycan binding proteins are the Siglecs, sialic acid binding immunoglobulin-like lectins. In humans, there are 14 Siglecs, most of which are expressed on overlapping subsets of immune system cells. Each Siglec engages distinct, endogenous sialylated glycans that initiate signaling programs and regulate cellular responses. Here, we explore the emerging science of Siglec ligands, including endogenous sialoglycoproteins and glycolipids and synthetic sialomimetics. Knowledge in this field promises to reveal new molecular pathways controlling cell physiology and new opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
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21
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Habermann FA, Kaltner H, Higuero AM, García Caballero G, Ludwig AK, C. Manning J, Abad-Rodríguez J, Gabius HJ. What Cyto- and Histochemistry Can Do to Crack the Sugar Code. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2021; 54:31-48. [PMID: 34012175 PMCID: PMC8116616 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.21-00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As letters form the vocabulary of a language, biochemical 'symbols' (the building blocks of oligo- and polymers) make writing molecular messages possible. Compared to nucleotides and amino acids, sugars have chemical properties that facilitate to reach an unsurpassed level of oligomer diversity. These glycans are a part of the ubiquitous cellular glycoconjugates. Cyto- and histochemically, the glycans' structural complexity is mapped by glycophenotyping of cells and tissues using receptors ('readers', thus called lectins), hereby revealing its dynamic spatiotemporal regulation: these data support the concept of a sugar code. When proceeding from work with plant (haem)agglutinins as such tools to the discovery of endogenous (tissue) lectins, it became clear that a broad panel of biological meanings can indeed be derived from the sugar-based vocabulary (the natural glycome incl. post-synthetic modifications) by glycan-lectin recognition in situ. As consequence, the immunocyto- and histochemical analysis of lectin expression is building a solid basis for the steps toward tracking down functional correlations, for example in processes leading to cell adhesion, apoptosis, autophagy or growth regulation as well as targeted delivery of glycoproteins. Introduction of labeled tissue lectins to glycan profiling assists this endeavor by detecting counterreceptor(s) in situ. Combining these tools and their applications strategically will help to take the trip toward the following long-range aim: to compile a dictionary for the glycan vocabulary that translates each message (oligosaccharide) into its bioresponse(s), that is to crack the sugar code.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix A. Habermann
- Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Veterinärstr. 13, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Herbert Kaltner
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Veterinärstr. 13, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Alonso M. Higuero
- Membrane and Axonal Repair Laboratory, National Hospital for Paraplegics (SESCAM), Finca La Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Gabriel García Caballero
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Veterinärstr. 13, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Anna-Kristin Ludwig
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Veterinärstr. 13, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Joachim C. Manning
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Veterinärstr. 13, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - José Abad-Rodríguez
- Membrane and Axonal Repair Laboratory, National Hospital for Paraplegics (SESCAM), Finca La Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Hans-Joachim Gabius
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Veterinärstr. 13, 80539 Munich, Germany
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22
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Borne AL, Brulet JW, Yuan K, Hsu KL. Development and biological applications of sulfur-triazole exchange (SuTEx) chemistry. RSC Chem Biol 2021; 2:322-337. [PMID: 34095850 PMCID: PMC8174820 DOI: 10.1039/d0cb00180e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfur electrophiles constitute an important class of covalent small molecules that have found widespread applications in synthetic chemistry and chemical biology. Various electrophilic scaffolds, including sulfonyl fluorides and arylfluorosulfates as recent examples, have been applied for protein bioconjugation to probe ligand sites amenable for chemical proteomics and drug discovery. In this review, we describe the development of sulfonyl-triazoles as a new class of electrophiles for sulfur-triazole exchange (SuTEx) chemistry. SuTEx achieves covalent reaction with protein sites through irreversible modification of a residue with an adduct group (AG) upon departure of a leaving group (LG). A principal differentiator of SuTEx from other chemotypes is the selection of a triazole heterocycle as the LG, which introduces additional capabilities for tuning the sulfur electrophile. We describe the opportunities afforded by modifications to the LG and AG alone or in tandem to facilitate nucleophilic substitution reactions at the SO2 center in cell lysates and live cells. As a result of these features, SuTEx serves as an efficient platform for developing chemical probes with tunable bioactivity to study novel nucleophilic sites on established and poorly annotated protein targets. Here, we highlight a suite of biological applications for the SuTEx electrophile and discuss future goals for this enabling covalent chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam L. Borne
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of MedicineCharlottesvilleVirginia 22908USA
| | - Jeffrey W. Brulet
- Department of Chemistry, University of VirginiaMcCormick Road, P.O. Box 400319CharlottesvilleVirginia 22904USA+1-434-297-4864
| | - Kun Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, University of VirginiaMcCormick Road, P.O. Box 400319CharlottesvilleVirginia 22904USA+1-434-297-4864
| | - Ku-Lung Hsu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of MedicineCharlottesvilleVirginia 22908USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of VirginiaMcCormick Road, P.O. Box 400319CharlottesvilleVirginia 22904USA+1-434-297-4864
- University of Virginia Cancer Center, University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA 22903USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginia 22908USA
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23
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Narimatsu Y, Büll C, Chen YH, Wandall HH, Yang Z, Clausen H. Genetic glycoengineering in mammalian cells. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100448. [PMID: 33617880 PMCID: PMC8042171 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in nuclease-based gene-editing technologies have enabled precise, stable, and systematic genetic engineering of glycosylation capacities in mammalian cells, opening up a plethora of opportunities for studying the glycome and exploiting glycans in biomedicine. Glycoengineering using chemical, enzymatic, and genetic approaches has a long history, and precise gene editing provides a nearly unlimited playground for stable engineering of glycosylation in mammalian cells to explore and dissect the glycome and its many biological functions. Genetic engineering of glycosylation in cells also brings studies of the glycome to the single cell level and opens up wider use and integration of data in traditional omics workflows in cell biology. The last few years have seen new applications of glycoengineering in mammalian cells with perspectives for wider use in basic and applied glycosciences, and these have already led to discoveries of functions of glycans and improved designs of glycoprotein therapeutics. Here, we review the current state of the art of genetic glycoengineering in mammalian cells and highlight emerging opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Narimatsu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; GlycoDisplay ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Christian Büll
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | - Hans H Wandall
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zhang Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; GlycoDisplay ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Clausen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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24
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O-glycan recognition and function in mice and human cancers. Biochem J 2020; 477:1541-1564. [PMID: 32348475 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein glycosylation represents a nearly ubiquitous post-translational modification, and altered glycosylation can result in clinically significant pathological consequences. Here we focus on O-glycosylation in tumor cells of mice and humans. O-glycans are those linked to serine and threonine (Ser/Thr) residues via N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), which are oligosaccharides that occur widely in glycoproteins, such as those expressed on the surfaces and in secretions of all cell types. The structure and expression of O-glycans are dependent on the cell type and disease state of the cells. There is a great interest in O-glycosylation of tumor cells, as they typically express many altered types of O-glycans compared with untransformed cells. Such altered expression of glycans, quantitatively and/or qualitatively on different glycoproteins, is used as circulating tumor biomarkers, such as CA19-9 and CA-125. Other tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs), such as the Tn antigen and sialyl-Tn antigen (STn), are truncated O-glycans commonly expressed by carcinomas on multiple glycoproteins; they contribute to tumor development and serve as potential biomarkers for tumor presence and stage, both in immunohistochemistry and in serum diagnostics. Here we discuss O-glycosylation in murine and human cells with a focus on colorectal, breast, and pancreatic cancers, centering on the structure, function and recognition of O-glycans. There are enormous opportunities to exploit our knowledge of O-glycosylation in tumor cells to develop new diagnostics and therapeutics.
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25
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Global view of human protein glycosylation pathways and functions. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2020; 21:729-749. [PMID: 33087899 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-020-00294-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 569] [Impact Index Per Article: 142.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation is the most abundant and diverse form of post-translational modification of proteins that is common to all eukaryotic cells. Enzymatic glycosylation of proteins involves a complex metabolic network and different types of glycosylation pathways that orchestrate enormous amplification of the proteome in producing diversity of proteoforms and its biological functions. The tremendous structural diversity of glycans attached to proteins poses analytical challenges that limit exploration of specific functions of glycosylation. Major advances in quantitative transcriptomics, proteomics and nuclease-based gene editing are now opening new global ways to explore protein glycosylation through analysing and targeting enzymes involved in glycosylation processes. In silico models predicting cellular glycosylation capacities and glycosylation outcomes are emerging, and refined maps of the glycosylation pathways facilitate genetic approaches to address functions of the vast glycoproteome. These approaches apply commonly available cell biology tools, and we predict that use of (single-cell) transcriptomics, genetic screens, genetic engineering of cellular glycosylation capacities and custom design of glycoprotein therapeutics are advancements that will ignite wider integration of glycosylation in general cell biology.
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26
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Zeng J, Eljalby M, Aryal RP, Lehoux S, Stavenhagen K, Kudelka MR, Wang Y, Wang J, Ju T, von Andrian UH, Cummings RD. Cosmc controls B cell homing. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3990. [PMID: 32778659 PMCID: PMC7417590 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17765-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms regulating lymphocyte homing into lymph nodes are only partly understood. Here, we report that B cell-specific deletion of the X-linked gene, Cosmc, and the consequent decrease of protein O-glycosylation, induces developmental blocks of mouse B cells. After transfer into wild-type recipient, Cosmc-null B cells fail to home to lymph nodes as well as non-lymphoid organs. Enzymatic desialylation of wild-type B cells blocks their migration into lymph nodes, indicating a requirement of sialylated O-glycans for proper trafficking. Mechanistically, Cosmc-deficient B cells have normal rolling and firm arrest on high endothelium venules (HEV), thereby attributing their inefficient trafficking to alterations in the subsequent transendothelial migration step. Finally, Cosmc-null B cells have defective chemokine signaling responses. Our results thus demonstrate that Cosmc and its effects on O-glycosylation are important for controlling B cell homing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Zeng
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mahmoud Eljalby
- Department of Microbiology & Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rajindra P Aryal
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sylvain Lehoux
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kathrin Stavenhagen
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew R Kudelka
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yingchun Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jianmei Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tongzhong Ju
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
| | - Ulrich H von Andrian
- Department of Microbiology & Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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27
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Goth CK, Petäjä-Repo UE, Rosenkilde MM. G Protein-Coupled Receptors in the Sweet Spot: Glycosylation and other Post-translational Modifications. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2020; 3:237-245. [PMID: 32296765 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.0c00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are a fundamental phenomenon across all classes of life and several hundred different types have been identified. PTMs contribute widely to the biological functions of proteins and greatly increase their diversity. One important class of proteins regulated by PTMs, is the cell surface expressed G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). While most PTMs have been shown to exert distinct biological functions, we are only beginning to approach the complexity that the potential interplay between different PTMs may have on biological functions and their regulation. Importantly, PTMs and their potential interplay represent an appealing mechanism for cell and tissue specific regulation of GPCR function and may partially contribute to functional selectivity of some GPCRs. In this review we highlight examples of PTMs located in GPCR extracellular domains, with special focus on glycosylation and the potential interplay with other close-by PTMs such as tyrosine sulfation, proteolytic cleavage, and phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoffer K Goth
- Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK 2200, Denmark
| | - Ulla E Petäjä-Repo
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, FI-90014, Finland
| | - Mette M Rosenkilde
- Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK 2200, Denmark
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