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Yamada S, Takahashi S, Keeser D, Keller-Varady K, Schneider-Axmann T, Raabe FJ, Dechent P, Wobrock T, Hasan A, Schmitt A, Falkai P, Kimoto S, Malchow B. Impact of excessive abdominal obesity on brain microstructural abnormality in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2024; 344:111878. [PMID: 39226869 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2024.111878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Significant evidence links obesity and schizophrenia (SZ), but the brain associations are still largely unclear. 48 people with SZ were divided into two subgroups: patients with lower waist circumference (SZ-LWC: n = 24) and patients with higher waist circumference (SZ-HWC: n = 24). Healthy controls (HC) were included for comparison (HC: n = 27). Using tract-based spatial statistics, we compared fractional anisotropy (FA) of the whole-brain white matter skeleton between these three groups (SZ-LWC, SZ-HWC, HC). Using Free Surfer, we compared whole-brain cortical thickness and the selected subcortical volumes between the three groups. FA of widespread white matter and the mean cortical thickness in the right temporal lobe and insular cortex were significantly lower in the SZ-HWC group than in the HC group. The FA of regional white matter was significantly lower in the SZ-LWC group than in the HC group. There were no significant differences in mean subcortical volumes between the groups. Additionally, the cognitive performances were worse in the SZ-HWC group, who had more severe triglycerides elevation. This study provides evidence for microstructural abnormalities of white matter, cortical thickness and neurocognitive deficits in SZ patients with excessive abdominal obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Yamada
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University (LMU), Munich, Germany; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.
| | - Shun Takahashi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University (LMU), Munich, Germany; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Graduate School of Rehabilitation Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Habikino, Japan; Clinical Research and Education Center, Asakayama General Hospital, Sakai, Japan
| | - Daniel Keeser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University (LMU), Munich, Germany; Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University (LMU), Munich, Germany; NeuroImaging Core Unit Munich (NICUM), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Schneider-Axmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Florian J Raabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University (LMU), Munich, Germany; International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Dechent
- MR-Research in Neurosciences, Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Wobrock
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, County Hospitals Darmstadt-Dieburg, Gross-Umstadt, Germany
| | - Alkomiet Hasan
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University (LMU), Munich, Germany; Department of Psychiatry Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Schmitt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University (LMU), Munich, Germany; Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM27), Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Peter Falkai
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University (LMU), Munich, Germany; Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Sohei Kimoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Berend Malchow
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Leroux E, Masson L, Tréhout M, Dollfus S. Effects of Adapted Physical Activity on White Matter Integrity in Patients with Schizophrenia. Brain Sci 2024; 14:710. [PMID: 39061450 PMCID: PMC11274719 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14070710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is associated with changes in white matter (WM) integrity and with reduced life expectancy, in part because of the cardiometabolic side effects of antipsychotics. Physical activity (PA) has emerged as a candidate lifestyle intervention that is safe and effective. The study aimed to assess how an adapted PA program delivered remotely by web (e-APA) improved WM integrity in patients with schizophrenia (SZPs) and healthy controls (HCs) and to evaluate associations among WM integrity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and symptom severity. This longitudinal study was conducted over 16 weeks with 31 participants (18 SZPs and 13 HCs). Diffusion tensor imaging and tract-based spatial statistics were employed to assess WM integrity. Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured by maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), and assessments for clinical symptoms included the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Self-evaluation of Negative Symptoms and the Brief Negative Syndrome Scale (BNSS). Only the SZPs had significantly increased WM integrity after the e-APA program, with increased fractional anisotropy and decreased radial diffusivity in fasciculi involved in motor functions and language process. Furthermore, decreased negative symptoms assessed with BNSS were associated with greater WM integrity following the program. These findings suggest that e-APA may improve WM integrity abnormalities and support e-APA as a promising therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Leroux
- “Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders” PhIND, UMR-S U1237, INSERM, GIP Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France; (L.M.); (M.T.); (S.D.)
| | - Laura Masson
- “Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders” PhIND, UMR-S U1237, INSERM, GIP Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France; (L.M.); (M.T.); (S.D.)
| | - Maxime Tréhout
- “Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders” PhIND, UMR-S U1237, INSERM, GIP Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France; (L.M.); (M.T.); (S.D.)
- CHU de Caen Normandie, Centre Esquirol, Service de Psychiatrie Adulte, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Sonia Dollfus
- “Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders” PhIND, UMR-S U1237, INSERM, GIP Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France; (L.M.); (M.T.); (S.D.)
- CHU de Caen Normandie, Centre Esquirol, Service de Psychiatrie Adulte, 14000 Caen, France
- Normandie Univ, Université de Caen Normandie, UFR de Santé, 14000 Caen, France
- Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire “Améliorer le Pronostic des Troubles Addictifs et Mentaux par une Médecine Personnalisée (A2M2P)“, 14000 Caen, France
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3
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Jørgensen KN, Nerland S, Slapø NB, Norbom LB, Mørch-Johnsen L, Wortinger LA, Barth C, Andreou D, Maximov II, Geier OM, Andreassen OA, Jönsson EG, Agartz I. Assessing regional intracortical myelination in schizophrenia spectrum and bipolar disorders using the optimized T1w/T2w-ratio. Psychol Med 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38563302 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291724000503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysmyelination could be part of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia spectrum (SCZ) and bipolar disorders (BPD), yet few studies have examined myelination of the cerebral cortex. The ratio of T1- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance images (MRI) correlates with intracortical myelin. We investigated the T1w/T2w-ratio and its age trajectories in patients and healthy controls (CTR) and explored associations with antipsychotic medication use and psychotic symptoms. METHODS Patients with SCZ (n = 64; mean age = 30.4 years, s.d. = 9.8), BPD (n = 91; mean age 31.0 years, s.d. = 10.2), and CTR (n = 155; mean age = 31.9 years, s.d. = 9.1) who participated in the TOP study (NORMENT, University of Oslo, Norway) were clinically assessed and scanned using a General Electric 3 T MRI system. T1w/T2w-ratio images were computed using an optimized pipeline with intensity normalization and field inhomogeneity correction. Vertex-wise regression models were used to compare groups and examine group × age interactions. In regions showing significant differences, we explored associations with antipsychotic medication use and psychotic symptoms. RESULTS No main effect of diagnosis was found. However, age slopes of the T1w/T2w-ratio differed significantly between SCZ and CTR, predominantly in frontal and temporal lobe regions: Lower T1w/T2w-ratio values with higher age were found in CTR, but not in SCZ. Follow-up analyses revealed a more positive age slope in patients who were using antipsychotics and patients using higher chlorpromazine-equivalent doses. CONCLUSIONS While we found no evidence of reduced intracortical myelin in SCZ or BPD relative to CTR, different regional age trajectories in SCZ may suggest a promyelinating effect of antipsychotic medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjetil Nordbø Jørgensen
- The Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatry, Telemark Hospital, Skien, Norway
| | - Stener Nerland
- The Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nora Berz Slapø
- The Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Linn B Norbom
- The Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, PROMENTA Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lynn Mørch-Johnsen
- The Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatry & Department of Clinical Research, Østfold Hospital, Grålum, Norway
| | - Laura Anne Wortinger
- The Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Claudia Barth
- The Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dimitrios Andreou
- The Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm Region, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ivan I Maximov
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- The Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Health and Functioning, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Oliver M Geier
- Department of Physics and Computational Radiology, Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- The Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- The Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Erik G Jönsson
- The Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm Region, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- The Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm Region, Stockholm, Sweden
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Khan MM, Parikh V. Prospects for Neurotrophic Factor-Based Early Intervention in Schizophrenia: Lessons Learned from the Effects of Antipsychotic Drugs on Cognition, Neurogenesis, and Neurotrophic Factors. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2023; 22:289-303. [PMID: 35366786 DOI: 10.2174/1871527321666220401124151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although reducing psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia has been a major focus of therapeutic interventions for decades, improving cognition is considered a better predictor of functional outcomes. However, the most commonly prescribed antipsychotic drugs (APDs) show only marginal beneficial effects on cognition in patients with schizophrenia. The neural mechanisms underlying cognitive disturbances in schizophrenia remain unknown that making drug development efforts very challenging. Since neurotrophic factors are the primary architects of neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory, the findings from preclinical and clinical studies that assess changes in neurogenesis and neurotrophic factors and their relationship to cognitive performance in schizophrenia, and how these mechanisms might be impacted by APD treatment, may provide valuable clues in developing therapies to combat cognitive deficit in schizophrenia. Numerous evidence produced over the years suggests a deficit in a wide spectrum of neurotrophic factors in schizophrenia. Since schizophrenia is considered a neurodevelopmental disorder, early intervention with neurotrophic factors may be more effective in ameliorating the cognitive deficits and psychopathological symptoms associated with this pathology. In this context, results from initial clinical trials with neurotrophic factors and their future potential to improve cognition and psychosocial functioning in schizophrenia are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M Khan
- Laboratory of Translational Neurology and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Biotechnology, Era\'s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, and Faculty of Science, Era University, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Vinay Parikh
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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AĞDANLI O, TOPUZOGLU A, KARABAY N, ALPTEKİN K. Corpus Callosum Volume in Patients with First-Episode Psychosis. CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.789999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Onur AĞDANLI
- Sağlık Bakanlığı, İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniverstesi Atatürk Eğitim Araştırma Hastanesi, Psikiyatri Kliniği
| | - Ahmet TOPUZOGLU
- MARMARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ, DAHİLİ TIP BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, HALK SAĞLIĞI ANABİLİM DALI
| | - Nuri KARABAY
- Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dahili Bilimler, Radyoloji Anabilim Dalı
| | - Köksal ALPTEKİN
- DOKUZ EYLÜL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ, DAHİLİ TIP BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, RUH SAĞLIĞI VE HASTALIKLARI ANABİLİM DALI
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Tao B, Xiao Y, Cao H, Zhang W, Yang C, Lencer R, Gong Q, Lui S. Characteristics of the corpus callosum in chronic schizophrenia treated with clozapine or risperidone and those never-treated. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:538. [PMID: 34715831 PMCID: PMC8556985 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03552-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The corpus callosum (CC) deficits have been well documented in chronic schizophrenia. However, the long-term impacts of antipsychotic monotherapies on callosal anatomy remain unclear. This cross-sectional study sought to explore micro- and macro-structural characteristics of the CC in never-treated patients and those with long-term mono-antipsychotic treatment. METHODS The study included 23 clozapine-treated schizophrenia patients (CT-SCZ), 19 risperidone-treated schizophrenia patients (RT-SCZ), 23 never-treated schizophrenia patients (NT-SCZ), and 35 healthy controls (HCs). High resolution structural images and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data for each participant were obtained via a 3.0 T MR scanner. FreeSurfer was used to examine the volumes and fractional anisotropy (FA) values of the CC for each participant. RESULTS There were significant deficits in the total and sub-regional CC volume and white matter integrity in NT-SCZ in comparison with healthy subjects. Compared with NT-SCZ, both CT-SCZ and RT-SCZ showed significantly increased FA values in the anterior CC region, while only RT-SCZ showed significantly increased volume in the mid-anterior CC region. Moreover, the volume of the mid-anterior CC region was significantly smaller in CT-SCZ compared to HCs. No correlations of clinical symptoms with callosal metrics were observed in schizophrenia patients. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide insight into micro- and macro-structural characteristics of the CC in chronic schizophrenia patients with or without antipsychotics. These results suggest that the pathology itself is responsible for cerebral abnormalities in schizophrenia and that chronic exposure to antipsychotics may have an impact on white matter structure of schizophrenia patients, especially in those with risperidone treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Tao
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xuexiang, Chengdu, 610041 China ,grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Psychoradiology Research Unit of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Xiao
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xuexiang, Chengdu, 610041 China ,grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Psychoradiology Research Unit of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hengyi Cao
- grid.250903.d0000 0000 9566 0634Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY USA ,grid.440243.50000 0004 0453 5950Division of Psychiatry Research, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, NY USA
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xuexiang, Chengdu, 610041 China ,grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Psychoradiology Research Unit of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengmin Yang
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xuexiang, Chengdu, 610041 China ,grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Psychoradiology Research Unit of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rebekka Lencer
- grid.4562.50000 0001 0057 2672Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Qiyong Gong
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xuexiang, Chengdu, 610041 China ,grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Psychoradiology Research Unit of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Su Lui
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xuexiang, Chengdu, 610041, China. .,Psychoradiology Research Unit of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Panizzutti B, Bortolasci CC, Spolding B, Kidnapillai S, Connor T, Richardson MF, Truong TTT, Liu ZSJ, Gray L, Kim JH, Dean OM, Berk M, Walder K. Biological Mechanism(s) Underpinning the Association between Antipsychotic Drugs and Weight Gain. J Clin Med 2021; 10:4095. [PMID: 34575210 PMCID: PMC8467356 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10184095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Weight gain and consequent metabolic alterations are common side-effects of many antipsychotic drugs. Interestingly, several studies have suggested that improvement in symptoms and adverse metabolic effects are correlated. We used next generation sequencing data from NT-2 (human neuronal) cells treated with aripiprazole, amisulpride, risperidone, quetiapine, clozapine, or vehicle control, and compared with the Pillinger P-score (ranked from 0 to 1, indicating greater increase in weight gain and related metabolic parameters) to identify the genes most associated with the drugs' propensity to cause weight gain. The top 500 genes ranked for their correlation with the drugs' propensity to cause weight gain were subjected to pathway analysis using DAVID (NIH). We further investigated transcription factors (TFs) that are more likely to regulate the genes involved in these processes using the prediction tool of key TFs from TRRUST. The results suggest an enrichment for genes involved in lipid biosynthesis and metabolism, which are of interest for mechanisms underpinning weight-gain. The list of genes involved in the lipid pathways that correlated with weight gain was enriched for genes transcriptionally regulated by SREBF1 and SREBF2. Furthermore, quetiapine significantly increased the expression of SREBF1 and SREBF2 in NT-2 cells. Our results suggest that the effects of these antipsychotic drugs on lipid metabolism may be mediated, at least in part, via regulation of SREBF1/SREBF2 expression, with evidence of a direct effect of quetiapine on the expression of SREBF1/2. The effects of antipsychotic drugs on lipid metabolism may influence white matter structure (therapeutic effect) and the risk of weight gain, lipid disturbances, and, consequently, metabolic syndrome (adverse effects). Understanding the different molecular effects of these drugs could inform a personalized medicine approach in treating patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Panizzutti
- Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, IMPACT, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia; (B.P.); (C.C.B.); (B.S.); (S.K.); (T.C.); (T.T.T.T.); (Z.S.J.L.); (L.G.); (J.H.K.); (O.M.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Chiara C. Bortolasci
- Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, IMPACT, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia; (B.P.); (C.C.B.); (B.S.); (S.K.); (T.C.); (T.T.T.T.); (Z.S.J.L.); (L.G.); (J.H.K.); (O.M.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Briana Spolding
- Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, IMPACT, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia; (B.P.); (C.C.B.); (B.S.); (S.K.); (T.C.); (T.T.T.T.); (Z.S.J.L.); (L.G.); (J.H.K.); (O.M.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Srisaiyini Kidnapillai
- Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, IMPACT, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia; (B.P.); (C.C.B.); (B.S.); (S.K.); (T.C.); (T.T.T.T.); (Z.S.J.L.); (L.G.); (J.H.K.); (O.M.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Timothy Connor
- Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, IMPACT, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia; (B.P.); (C.C.B.); (B.S.); (S.K.); (T.C.); (T.T.T.T.); (Z.S.J.L.); (L.G.); (J.H.K.); (O.M.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Mark F. Richardson
- Genomics Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia;
| | - Trang T. T. Truong
- Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, IMPACT, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia; (B.P.); (C.C.B.); (B.S.); (S.K.); (T.C.); (T.T.T.T.); (Z.S.J.L.); (L.G.); (J.H.K.); (O.M.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Zoe S. J. Liu
- Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, IMPACT, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia; (B.P.); (C.C.B.); (B.S.); (S.K.); (T.C.); (T.T.T.T.); (Z.S.J.L.); (L.G.); (J.H.K.); (O.M.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Laura Gray
- Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, IMPACT, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia; (B.P.); (C.C.B.); (B.S.); (S.K.); (T.C.); (T.T.T.T.); (Z.S.J.L.); (L.G.); (J.H.K.); (O.M.D.); (M.B.)
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Australia
| | - Jee Hyun Kim
- Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, IMPACT, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia; (B.P.); (C.C.B.); (B.S.); (S.K.); (T.C.); (T.T.T.T.); (Z.S.J.L.); (L.G.); (J.H.K.); (O.M.D.); (M.B.)
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Australia
| | - Olivia M. Dean
- Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, IMPACT, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia; (B.P.); (C.C.B.); (B.S.); (S.K.); (T.C.); (T.T.T.T.); (Z.S.J.L.); (L.G.); (J.H.K.); (O.M.D.); (M.B.)
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, IMPACT, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia; (B.P.); (C.C.B.); (B.S.); (S.K.); (T.C.); (T.T.T.T.); (Z.S.J.L.); (L.G.); (J.H.K.); (O.M.D.); (M.B.)
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Australia
- Centre of Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3052, Australia
- Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Parkville 3052, Australia
| | - Ken Walder
- Institute for Innovation in Physical and Mental Health and Clinical Translation, IMPACT, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia; (B.P.); (C.C.B.); (B.S.); (S.K.); (T.C.); (T.T.T.T.); (Z.S.J.L.); (L.G.); (J.H.K.); (O.M.D.); (M.B.)
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8
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Abashkin DA, Kurishev AO, Karpov DS, Golimbet VE. Cellular Models in Schizophrenia Research. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168518. [PMID: 34445221 PMCID: PMC8395162 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) is a prevalent functional psychosis characterized by clinical behavioural symptoms and underlying abnormalities in brain function. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of schizophrenia have revealed many loci that do not directly identify processes disturbed in the disease. For this reason, the development of cellular models containing SZ-associated variations has become a focus in the post-GWAS research era. The application of revolutionary clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing tools, along with recently developed technologies for cultivating brain organoids in vitro, have opened new perspectives for the construction of these models. In general, cellular models are intended to unravel particular biological phenomena. They can provide the missing link between schizophrenia-related phenotypic features (such as transcriptional dysregulation, oxidative stress and synaptic dysregulation) and data from pathomorphological, electrophysiological and behavioural studies. The objectives of this review are the systematization and classification of cellular models of schizophrenia, based on their complexity and validity for understanding schizophrenia-related phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii A. Abashkin
- Mental Health Research Center, Clinical Genetics Laboratory, Kashirskoe Sh. 34, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (D.A.A.); (A.O.K.); (D.S.K.)
| | - Artemii O. Kurishev
- Mental Health Research Center, Clinical Genetics Laboratory, Kashirskoe Sh. 34, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (D.A.A.); (A.O.K.); (D.S.K.)
| | - Dmitry S. Karpov
- Mental Health Research Center, Clinical Genetics Laboratory, Kashirskoe Sh. 34, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (D.A.A.); (A.O.K.); (D.S.K.)
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vera E. Golimbet
- Mental Health Research Center, Clinical Genetics Laboratory, Kashirskoe Sh. 34, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (D.A.A.); (A.O.K.); (D.S.K.)
- Correspondence:
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9
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Sui YV, Bertisch H, Lee HH, Storey P, Babb JS, Goff DC, Samsonov A, Lazar M. Quantitative Macromolecular Proton Fraction Mapping Reveals Altered Cortical Myelin Profile in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders. Cereb Cortex Commun 2021; 2:tgab015. [PMID: 34296161 PMCID: PMC8271044 DOI: 10.1093/texcom/tgab015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelin abnormalities have been reported in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) in white matter. However, in vivo examinations of cortical myeloarchitecture in SSD, especially those using quantitative measures, are limited. Here, we employed macromolecular proton fraction (MPF) obtained from quantitative magnetization transfer imaging to characterize intracortical myelin organization in 30 SSD patients versus 34 healthy control (HC) participants. We constructed cortical myelin profiles by extracting MPF values at various cortical depths and quantified their shape using a nonlinearity index (NLI). To delineate the association of illness duration with myelin changes, SSD patients were further divided into 3 duration groups. Between-group comparisons revealed reduced NLI in the SSD group with the longest illness duration (>5.5 years) compared with HC predominantly in bilateral prefrontal areas. Within the SSD group, cortical NLI decreased with disease duration and was positively associated with a measure of spatial working memory capacity as well as with cortical thickness (CT). Layer-specific analyses suggested that NLI decreases in the long-duration SSD group may arise in part from significantly increased MPF values in the midcortical layers. The current study reveals cortical myelin profile changes in SSD with illness progression, which may reflect an abnormal compensatory mechanism of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Veronica Sui
- Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Hilary Bertisch
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Hong-Hsi Lee
- Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Pippa Storey
- Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - James S Babb
- Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Donald C Goff
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Alexey Samsonov
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Mariana Lazar
- Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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10
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Shared Biological Pathways between Antipsychotics and Omega-3 Fatty Acids: A Key Feature for Schizophrenia Preventive Treatment? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136881. [PMID: 34206945 PMCID: PMC8269187 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia typically emerges during adolescence, with progression from an ultra-high risk state (UHR) to the first episode of psychosis (FEP) followed by a chronic phase. The detailed pathophysiology of schizophrenia and the factors leading to progression across these stages remain relatively unknown. The current treatment relies on antipsychotics, which are effective for FEP and chronic schizophrenia but ineffective for UHR patients. Antipsychotics modulate dopaminergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission, inflammation, oxidative stress, and membrane lipids pathways. Many of these biological pathways intercommunicate and play a role in schizophrenia pathophysiology. In this context, research of preventive treatment in early stages has explored the antipsychotic effects of omega-3 supplementation in UHR and FEP patients. This review summarizes the action of omega-3 in various biological systems involved in schizophrenia. Similar to antipsychotics, omega-3 supplementation reduces inflammation and oxidative stress, improves myelination, modifies the properties of cell membranes, and influences dopamine and glutamate pathways. Omega-3 supplementation also modulates one-carbon metabolism, the endocannabinoid system, and appears to present neuroprotective properties. Omega-3 has little side effects compared to antipsychotics and may be safely prescribed for UHR patients and as an add-on for FEP patients. This could to lead to more efficacious individualised treatments, thus contributing to precision medicine in psychiatry.
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11
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Falvella ACB, Smith BJ, Silva-Costa LC, Valença AGF, Crunfli F, Zuardi AW, Hallak JE, Crippa JA, de Almeida V, Martins-de-Souza D. Cannabidiol Displays Proteomic Similarities to Antipsychotics in Cuprizone-Exposed Human Oligodendrocytic Cell Line MO3.13. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:673144. [PMID: 34122009 PMCID: PMC8193732 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.673144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabidiol, a compound of Cannabis sativa, has been proposed as an alternative treatment of schizophrenia. Preclinical and clinical data have suggested that cannabidiol shares more similarity with atypical antipsychotics than typical, both of which are customarily used to manage schizophrenia symptoms. While oligodendrocytes are known to be relevant targets of antipsychotics, the biochemical knowledge in this regard is still limited. Here we evaluated the molecular pathways modulated by cannabidiol compared to the antipsychotics clozapine (atypical) and haloperidol (typical), additionally evaluating the effects of benztropine, a muscarinic receptor antagonist that displays a protective effect in oligodendrocytes and myelination. For this purpose, we employed nano-chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry to investigate the proteomic response to these drugs both in healthy oligodendrocytic cells and in a cuprizone-based toxicity model, using the human oligodendrocyte precursor cell line MO3.13. Cannabidiol shares similarities of biochemical pathways with clozapine and benztropine, in agreement with other studies that indicated an atypical antipsychotic profile. All drugs tested affected metabolic and gene expression pathways and cannabidiol, benztropine, and clozapine modulated cell proliferation and apoptosis when administered after cuprizone-induced toxicity. These general pathways are associated with cuprizone-induced cytotoxicity in MO3.13 cells, indicating a possible proteomic approach when acting against the toxic effects of cuprizone. In conclusion, although modeling oligodendrocytic cytotoxicity with cuprizone does not represent the entirety of the pathophysiology of oligodendrocyte impairments, these results provide insight into the mechanisms associated with the effects of cannabidiol and antipsychotics against cuprizone toxicity, offering new directions of study for myelin-related processes and deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Caroline Brambilla Falvella
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Bradley Joseph Smith
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Licia C Silva-Costa
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Aline G F Valença
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Crunfli
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Antonio W Zuardi
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavior, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Jaime E Hallak
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavior, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - José A Crippa
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavior, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Valéria de Almeida
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Daniel Martins-de-Souza
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Biomarcadores em Neuropsiquiatria (INBION) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, São Paulo, Brazil.,Experimental Medicine Research Cluster (EMRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), São Paulo, Brazil
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12
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Kim NS, Lee TY, Hwang WJ, Kwak YB, Kim S, Moon SY, Lho SK, Oh S, Kwon JS. White Matter Correlates of Theory of Mind in Patients With First-Episode Psychosis. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:617683. [PMID: 33746794 PMCID: PMC7973210 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.617683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficits in theory of mind (ToM) are considered as a distinctive feature of schizophrenia. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have suggested that aberrant activity among the regions comprising the mentalizing network is related to observed ToM deficits. However, the white matter structures underlying the ToM functional network in schizophrenia remain unclear. To investigate the relationship between white matter integrity and ToM impairment, 35 patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP) and 29 matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS), fractional anisotropy (FA) values of the two regions of interest (ROI)-the cingulum and superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF)-were acquired, and correlational analysis with ToM task scores was performed. Among the patients with FEP, ToM strange story scores were positively correlated with the FA values of the left cingulum and left SLF. There was no significant correlation between FA and ToM task scores in HCs. These results suggest that the left cingulum and SLF constitute a possible neural basis for ToM deficits in schizophrenia. Our study is the first to demonstrate the white matter connectivity underlying the mentalizing network, as well as its relation to ToM ability in patients with FEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahrie Suk Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Science, Seoul, South Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Tae Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Wu Jeong Hwang
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Science, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoo Bin Kwak
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Science, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seowoo Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Science, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun-Young Moon
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Silvia Kyungjin Lho
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sanghoon Oh
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun Soo Kwon
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Science, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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13
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Tendilla-Beltrán H, Sanchez-Islas NDC, Marina-Ramos M, Leza JC, Flores G. The prefrontal cortex as a target for atypical antipsychotics in schizophrenia, lessons of neurodevelopmental animal models. Prog Neurobiol 2020; 199:101967. [PMID: 33271238 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Prefrontal cortex (PFC) inflammatory imbalance, oxidative/nitrosative stress (O/NS) and impaired neuroplasticity in schizophrenia are thought to have neurodevelopmental origins. Animal models are not only useful to test this hypothesis, they are also effective to establish a relationship among brain disturbances and behavior with the atypical antipsychotics (AAPs) effects. Here we review data of PFC post-mortem and in vivo neuroimaging, human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC), and peripheral blood studies of inflammatory, O/NS, and neuroplasticity alterations in the disease as well as about their modulation by AAPs. Moreover, we reviewed the PFC alterations and the AAP mechanisms beyond their canonical antipsychotic action in four neurodevelopmental animal models relevant to the study of schizophrenia with a distinct approach in the generation of schizophrenia-like phenotypes, but all converge in O/NS and altered neuroplasticity in the PFC. These animal models not only reinforce the neurodevelopmental risk factor model of schizophrenia but also arouse some novel potential therapeutic targets for the disease including the reestablishment of the antioxidant response by the perineuronal nets (PNNs) and the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) pathway, as well as the dendritic spine dynamics in the PFC pyramidal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiram Tendilla-Beltrán
- Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico; Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), CDMX, Mexico
| | | | - Mauricio Marina-Ramos
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Juan C Leza
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), UCM. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre (Imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Flores
- Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico.
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14
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Luo C, Lencer R, Hu N, Xiao Y, Zhang W, Li S, Lui S, Gong Q. Characteristics of White Matter Structural Networks in Chronic Schizophrenia Treated With Clozapine or Risperidone and Those Never Treated. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2020; 23:799-810. [PMID: 32808036 PMCID: PMC7770521 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyaa061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite its benefits, a major concern regarding antipsychotic treatment is its possible impact on the brain's structure and function. This study sought to explore the characteristics of white matter structural networks in chronic never-treated schizophrenia and those treated with clozapine or risperidone, and its potential association with cognitive function. METHODS Diffusion tensor imaging was performed on a unique sample of 34 schizophrenia patients treated with antipsychotic monotherapy for over 5 years (17 treated with clozapine and 17 treated with risperidone), 17 never-treated schizophrenia patients with illness duration over 5 years, and 27 healthy control participants. Graph theory and network-based statistic approaches were employed. RESULTS We observed a disrupted organization of white matter structural networks as well as decreased nodal and connectivity characteristics across the schizophrenia groups, mainly involving thalamus, prefrontal, and occipital regions. Alterations in nodal and connectivity characteristics were relatively milder in risperidone-treated patients than clozapine-treated patients and never-treated patients. Altered global network measures were significantly associated with cognitive performance levels. Structural connectivity as reflected by network-based statistic mediated the difference in cognitive performance levels between clozapine-treated and risperidone-treated patients. LIMITATIONS These results are constrained by the lack of random assignment to different types of antipsychotic treatment. CONCLUSION These findings provide insight into the white matter structural network deficits in patients with chronic schizophrenia, either being treated or untreated, and suggest white matter structural networks supporting cognitive function may benefit from antipsychotic treatment, especially in those treated with risperidone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Luo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Psychoradiology Research Unit of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2018RU011), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rebekka Lencer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Na Hu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Psychoradiology Research Unit of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2018RU011), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Xiao
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Psychoradiology Research Unit of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2018RU011), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Psychoradiology Research Unit of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2018RU011), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyi Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Psychoradiology Research Unit of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2018RU011), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Su Lui
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Psychoradiology Research Unit of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2018RU011), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Correspondence: Dr Su Lui, MD, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Xiang, Chengdu 610041, China ()
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Psychoradiology Research Unit of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2018RU011), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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15
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Di Biase MA, Cropley VL, Cocchi L, Fornito A, Calamante F, Ganella EP, Pantelis C, Zalesky A. Linking Cortical and Connectional Pathology in Schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2019; 45:911-923. [PMID: 30215783 PMCID: PMC6581130 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sby121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is associated with cortical thickness (CT) deficits and breakdown in white matter microstructure. Whether these pathological processes are related remains unclear. We used multimodal neuroimaging to investigate the relationship between regional cortical thinning and breakdown in adjacent infracortical white matter as a function of age and illness duration. Structural magnetic resonance and diffusion images were acquired in 218 schizophrenia patients and 167 age-matched healthy controls to map CT and fractional anisotropy in regionally adjacent infracortical white matter at various cortical depths. We found a robust and reproducible relationship between thickness and anisotropy deficits, which were inversely correlated across cortical regions (r = -.5, P < .0001): the most anisotropic infracortical white matter was found adjacent to regions with extensive cortical thinning. This pattern was evident in early (20 y: r = -.3, P = .005) and middle life (30 y: r = -.4, P = .004, 40 y: r = -.3, P = .04), but not beyond 50 years (P > .05). Frontal pathology contributed most to this pattern, with cortical thinning in patients compared to controls at all ages (P < .05); in contrast to initially elevated frontal white matter anisotropy in patients at 30 years, followed by rapid white matter decline with age (rate of annual decline; patients: 0.0012, controls 0.0006, P < .001). Our findings point to pathological dependencies between gray and white matter in a large sample of schizophrenia patients. We argue that elevated frontal anisotropy reflects regionally-specific, compensatory responses to cortical thinning, which are eventually overwhelmed with increasing illness duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Angelique Di Biase
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, Australia,Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia,To whom correspondence should be addressed; Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham & Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 1249 Boylston Street, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02215, US; tel: 617-525-6105, fax: 617-525-6170, e-mail:
| | - Vanessa L Cropley
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, Australia,Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Luca Cocchi
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Alexander Fornito
- Brain and Mental Health Research Hub, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Fernando Calamante
- Sydney Imaging and School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Eleni P Ganella
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, Australia,Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia,Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton, Australia
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, Australia,Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia,Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton, Australia,North Western Mental Health, Melbourne Health, Parkville, Australia,Centre for Neural Engineering, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, Carlton South, Australia
| | - Andrew Zalesky
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, Australia,Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Melbourne School of Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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16
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Micro- and Macrostructural White Matter Integrity in Never-Treated and Currently Unmedicated Patients With Schizophrenia and Effects of Short-Term Antipsychotic Treatment. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2019; 4:462-471. [PMID: 30852126 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is associated with progressive white matter changes, but it is unclear whether antipsychotic medications contribute to these. Our objective was to characterize effects of short-term treatment with risperidone on white matter diffusion indices. METHODS We recruited 42 patients with schizophrenia (30 never treated and 12 currently untreated) and 42 matched healthy control subjects in this prospective case-control neuroimaging study. Patients received a 6-week trial of risperidone. Using diffusion tensor imaging, we assessed microstructural (fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, and radial diffusivity) and macrostructural (radial fiber trophy) white matter integrity deficits in unmedicated patients compared with control subjects and change in white matter integrity in patients before and after antipsychotic treatment (mean risperidone dose at end point was 3.73 ± 1.72 mg). RESULTS At baseline, fractional anisotropy was decreased in the left medial temporal white matter (cluster extent: 123 voxels; Montreal Neurological Institute peak coordinates: x = -51, y = -44, z = -7; α < .05), and mean diffusivity was increased in the fusiform/lingual gyrus white matter extending to the hippocampal part of the cingulum (cluster extent: 185 voxels; peak coordinates: x = -27, y = -49, z = 2; α < .04) in patients compared with control subjects. Radial diffusivity and macrostructure were not abnormal. None of the diffusion indices showed a significant change after 6 weeks of treatment with both voxelwise and whole-brain white matter analyses. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate microstructural white matter integrity abnormalities in the absence of macrostructural impairment in unmedicated patients with primarily early-stage schizophrenia. In our data, we found no significant white matter changes after short-term treatment with risperidone.
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17
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Gjerde PB, Jørgensen KN, Steen NE, Melle I, Andreassen OA, Steen VM, Agartz I. Association between olanzapine treatment and brain cortical thickness and gray/white matter contrast is moderated by cholesterol in psychotic disorders. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2018; 282:55-63. [PMID: 30415175 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Altered cortical brain morphology is observed in psychotic disorders. Despite the importance of lipid homeostasis for healthy brain functioning, knowledge about its role in cortical alterations in psychosis is limited. In a sample of patients with psychotic disorders, we investigated the relationship between treatment with olanzapine (OLZ), and cortical thickness and gray/white matter intensity contrast, and the association between these measures and serum lipid levels. We included 33 OLZ users, 19 unmedicated psychotic patients and 76 healthy controls (HC). Data on serum lipids and cortical measures based on MR brain images processed with FreeSurfer were analyzed with General Linear Models. We found that intensity contrast was similar in OLZ users as compared to HC and that the cortex (frontal, orbitofrontal, medial temporal) was thinner in OLZ users (p < 0.05, Bonferroni corrected). An OLZ-specific HDL interaction effect was further found for the pericentral cortical thickness measure (p < 0.05, Bonferroni corrected). Additionally, nominally significant findings indicated similar OLZ-specific interaction effects for cortical thickness in several regions, and an OLZ-specific interaction with LDL for occipital lobe contrast (p < 0.05, uncorrected). Our findings may suggest a drug-related lipid-effect on brain myelination. Experimental studies and replications in different study samples are needed to clarify these complex relationships further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanthi B Gjerde
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Kjetil N Jørgensen
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Vinderen, 0373 Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Nils E Steen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Ingrid Melle
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Vidar M Steen
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Vinderen, 0373 Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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18
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Leroux E, Vandevelde A, Tréhout M, Dollfus S. Abnormalities of fronto-subcortical pathways in schizophrenia and the differential impacts of antipsychotic treatment: a DTI-based tractography study. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2018; 280:22-29. [PMID: 30145382 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The fronto-striato-thalamic circuitry is a key network in patients with schizophrenia (SZPs). We use diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to investigate the integrity of white matter (WM) pathways involved in this network in SZPs relative to healthy controls (HCs). We also evaluate the differential impact of chronic exposure to clozapine as well as other atypical and typical antipsychotics. 63 HCs and 41 SZPs were included. Of the SZPs, 16 were treated with clozapine (SZPsC), 17 with atypical antipsychotics (SZPsA), and 8 with typical antipsychotics (SZPsT). Three tracts were reconstructed in the left hemisphere using tractography: one fronto-subcortical tract, one prefronto-subcortical tract, and one prefronto-frontal tract. Diffusion parameters were individually extracted in each tract. SZPs exhibited lower integrity in both the fronto-subcortical and prefronto-subcortical tracts relative to HCs, and SZPsT showed altered integrity compared to SZPsC. There were no WM integrity differences in the prefronto-frontal tract between SZP groups or between SZPs and HCs. SZPs exhibit structural connectivity abnormalities in the prefronto-fronto-subcortical network that are specifically and differentially impacted by the type of antipsychotic treatment. Additional studies are needed to separate the contributions of clozapine-mediated neuroprotection, neurotoxicity related to typical antipsychotics, and the illness itself to observed differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Leroux
- ISTS EA 7466, Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Caen, France.
| | - A Vandevelde
- ISTS EA 7466, Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Caen, France; Service de Psychiatrie Adulte, Centre Esquirol, CHU de Caen, 14000 Caen, France; UFR de Médecine (Medical School), Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Caen, France.
| | - M Tréhout
- ISTS EA 7466, Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Caen, France; Service de Psychiatrie Adulte, Centre Esquirol, CHU de Caen, 14000 Caen, France; UFR de Médecine (Medical School), Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Caen, France.
| | - S Dollfus
- ISTS EA 7466, Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Caen, France; Service de Psychiatrie Adulte, Centre Esquirol, CHU de Caen, 14000 Caen, France; UFR de Médecine (Medical School), Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Caen, France.
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19
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Gjerde PB, Dieset I, Simonsen C, Hoseth EZ, Iversen T, Lagerberg TV, Lyngstad SH, Mørch RH, Skrede S, Andreassen OA, Melle I, Steen VM. Increase in serum HDL level is associated with less negative symptoms after one year of antipsychotic treatment in first-episode psychosis. Schizophr Res 2018; 197:253-260. [PMID: 29129510 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A potential link between increase in total cholesterol and triglycerides and clinical improvement has been observed during antipsychotic drug treatment in chronic schizophrenia patients, possibly due to drug related effects on lipid biosynthesis. We examined whether changes in serum lipids are associated with alleviation of psychosis symptoms after one year of antipsychotic drug treatment in a cohort of first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients. METHODS A total of 132 non-affective antipsychotic-treated FEP patients were included through the Norwegian Thematically Organized Psychosis (TOP) project. Data on antipsychotic usage, serum lipids (total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglycerides (TG)), body mass index (BMI) and clinical state were obtained at baseline and after 12months. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to assess psychotic symptoms. Mixed-effects models were employed to examine the relationship between serum lipids and psychotic symptoms while controlling for potential confounders including BMI. RESULTS An increase in HDL during one year of antipsychotic treatment was associated with reduction in PANSS negative subscores (B=-0.48, p=0.03). This relationship was not affected by concurrent change in BMI (adjusted HDL: B=-0.54, p=0.02). No significant associations were found between serum lipids, BMI and PANSS positive subscores. CONCLUSION We found that an increase in HDL level during antipsychotic treatment is associated with improvement in negative symptoms in FEP. These findings warrant further investigation to clarify the interaction between lipid pathways and psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanthi B Gjerde
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway; Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Ingrid Dieset
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Carmen Simonsen
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Eva Z Hoseth
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Møre and Romsdal Health Trust, Kristiansund, Norway.
| | - Trude Iversen
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Trine V Lagerberg
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Siv Hege Lyngstad
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Ragni H Mørch
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Silje Skrede
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway; Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Ingrid Melle
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Vidar M Steen
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway; Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway.
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20
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Alpaugh M, Galleguillos D, Forero J, Morales LC, Lackey SW, Kar P, Di Pardo A, Holt A, Kerr BJ, Todd KG, Baker GB, Fouad K, Sipione S. Disease-modifying effects of ganglioside GM1 in Huntington's disease models. EMBO Mol Med 2018; 9:1537-1557. [PMID: 28993428 PMCID: PMC5666311 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201707763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor, cognitive and psychiatric problems. Previous studies indicated that levels of brain gangliosides are lower than normal in HD models and that administration of exogenous ganglioside GM1 corrects motor dysfunction in the YAC128 mouse model of HD In this study, we provide evidence that intraventricular administration of GM1 has profound disease-modifying effects across HD mouse models with different genetic background. GM1 administration results in decreased levels of mutant huntingtin, the protein that causes HD, and in a wide array of beneficial effects that include changes in levels of DARPP32, ferritin, Iba1 and GFAP, modulation of dopamine and serotonin metabolism, and restoration of normal levels of glutamate, GABA, L-Ser and D-Ser. Treatment with GM1 slows down neurodegeneration, white matter atrophy and body weight loss in R6/2 mice. Motor functions are significantly improved in R6/2 mice and restored to normal in Q140 mice, including gait abnormalities that are often resistant to treatments. Psychiatric-like and cognitive dysfunctions are also ameliorated by GM1 administration in Q140 and YAC128 mice. The widespread benefits of GM1 administration, at molecular, cellular and behavioural levels, indicate that this ganglioside has strong therapeutic and disease-modifying potential in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Alpaugh
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Danny Galleguillos
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Juan Forero
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | | | - Preeti Kar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Alba Di Pardo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Andrew Holt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Bradley J Kerr
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Kathryn G Todd
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Glen B Baker
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Karim Fouad
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Simonetta Sipione
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada .,Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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21
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Girardi P, Del Casale A, Rapinesi C, Kotzalidis GD, Splendori F, Verzura C, Trovini G, Sorice S, Carrus D, Mancinelli I, Comparelli A, De Filippis S, Francomano A, Ballerini A, Marcellusi A, Mennini FS, Ducci G, Sani G, Pompili M, Brugnoli R. Predictive factors of overall functioning improvement in patients with chronic schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder treated with paliperidone palmitate and aripiprazole monohydrate. Hum Psychopharmacol 2018; 33:e2658. [PMID: 29766576 DOI: 10.1002/hup.2658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics can improve medication adherence and reduce hospitalisation rates compared with oral treatments. Paliperidone palmitate (PAL) and aripiprazole monohydrate (ARI) LAI treatments were associated with improvements in global functioning in patients with schizophrenia. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess the predictive factors of better overall functioning in patients with chronic schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder treated with PAL and ARI. METHOD Enrolled were 143 (97 males, 46 females, mean age 38.24 years, SD = 12.65) patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, whom we allocated in two groups (PAL and ARI treatments). We assessed global functioning, amount of oral medications, adherence to oral treatment, and number of hospitalisations before LAI introduction and at assessment time point. RESULTS Longer treatment time with LAIs (p < .001), lower number of oral drugs (p < .001), and hospitalisations (p = .002) before LAI introduction, and shorter duration of illness (p = .038) predicted better Global Assessment of Functioning scores in the whole sample (R2 = 0.337). CONCLUSION Early administration and longer duration of ARI or PAL treatments could play a significant role in improving global functioning of patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Better improvement in functioning could be achieved with ARI in young individuals with recent illness onset and PAL in patients at risk for recurrent hospitalisations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Girardi
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Del Casale
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Rapinesi
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios D Kotzalidis
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Splendori
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Verzura
- Residency School in Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giada Trovini
- Residency School in Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Sorice
- Residency School in Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Carrus
- Mental Health Department, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Viterbo, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Iginia Mancinelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Comparelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Francomano
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Ballerini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, Section of Neuroscience, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Marcellusi
- Faculty of Economics, Centre for Economic and International Studies (CEIS)-Economic Evaluation and HTA (EEHTA), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco S Mennini
- Faculty of Economics, Centre for Economic and International Studies (CEIS)-Economic Evaluation and HTA (EEHTA), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ducci
- Mental Health Department, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Brugnoli
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
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22
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Huang JY, Liu CM, Hwang TJ, Chen YJ, Hsu YC, Hwu HG, Lin YT, Hsieh MH, Liu CC, Chien YL, Tseng WYI. Shared and distinct alterations of white matter tracts in remitted and nonremitted patients with schizophrenia. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 39:2007-2019. [PMID: 29377322 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with schizophrenia do not usually achieve remission state even after adequate antipsychotics treatment. Previous studies found significant difference in white matter integrity between patients with good outcomes and those with poor outcomes, but difference is still unclear at individual tract level. This study aimed to use a systematic approach to identify the tracts that were associated with remission state in patients with schizophrenia. We evaluated 91 patients with schizophrenia (remitted, 50; nonremitted, 41) and 50 healthy controls through diffusion spectrum imaging. White matter tract integrity was assessed through an automatic tract-specific analysis method to determine the mean generalized fractional anisotropy (GFA) values of the 76 white matter tract bundles in each participant. Analysis of covariance among the 3 groups revealed 12 tracts that were significantly different in GFA values. Post-hoc analysis showed that compared with the healthy controls, the nonremission group had reduced integrity in all 12 tracts, whereas the remission group had reduced integrity in only 4 tracts. Comparison between the remission and nonremission groups revealed 4 tracts with significant difference (i.e., the right fornix, bilateral uncinate fasciculi, and callosal fibers connecting the temporal poles) even after adjusting age, sex, education year, illness duration, and medication dose. Furthermore, all the 4 tracts were correlated with negative symptoms scores of the positive and negative syndrome scale. In conclusion, our study identified the tracts that were associated with remission state of schizophrenia. These tracts might be a potential prognostic marker for the symptomatic remission in patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ying Huang
- Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Radiology, Wei Gong Memorial Hospital, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Min Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Jeng Hwang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Chen
- Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chin Hsu
- Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hai-Gwo Hwu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tin Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Hsieh
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Chung Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Chien
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yih Isaac Tseng
- Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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23
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Long-Acting Injectable Second-Generation Antipsychotics Improve Negative Symptoms and Suicidal Ideation in Recent Diagnosed Schizophrenia Patients: A 1-Year Follow-up Pilot Study. SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2018; 2018:4834135. [PMID: 30245878 PMCID: PMC6136552 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4834135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Long-acting injectable second-generation antipsychotics (LAI-SGA) are typically used to maintain treatment adherence in patients with chronic schizophrenia. Recent research suggests that they may also provide an effective treatment strategy for patients with early-phase disease. The aim of this study is to evaluate clinical and psychosocial outcomes among recent and long-term diagnosed schizophrenia outpatients treated with LAI-SGA during a follow-up period of 12 months. Stable schizophrenia patients receiving LAI-SGA with 5 or less years of illness duration (n = 10) were compared to those with more than 5 years of illness duration (n = 15). Clinical data was assessed through the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF), the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS), the Recovery Style Questionnaire (RSQ), and the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) Managing Emotion branch. Recently diagnosed patients showed greater improvement versus patients diagnosed for more than 5 years in adjusted mean GAF score, in PANSS factor score for negative and depressive symptoms, and in severity and intensity of suicidal ideation. Our preliminary findings support the hypothesis that LAI-SGA may influence the course of the illness if administered at the early phase of the illness. However, replicate studies are needed, possibly with larger samples.
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Ersland KM, Skrede S, Stansberg C, Steen VM. Subchronic olanzapine exposure leads to increased expression of myelination-related genes in rat fronto-medial cortex. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:1262. [PMID: 29187753 PMCID: PMC5802494 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-017-0008-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder with severe and disabling symptoms, such as hallucinations, delusions, blunted affect and social withdrawal. The neuropathology remains elusive, but disturbances in immunity-related processes, neuronal connectivity and myelination have consistently been linked to schizophrenia. Antipsychotic drugs can be efficient in reducing symptoms, acting primarily on the dopamine system, but additional biological targets are likely to exist. Here we have screened for novel mechanisms of action in an animal model, using adult rats exposed to long-acting olanzapine, achieving stable and clinically relevant antipsychotic drug concentrations. By microarray-based examination of global gene expression in the fronto-medial cortex, at the single gene- and gene-set level, we observed downregulation of two neuropeptide-encoding genes, Vgf and Cort (fold change -1,25 and -1,48, respectively) in response to olanzapine exposure. Furthermore, we demonstrated significant upregulation of five out of ~2000 GO predefined gene sets after olanzapine exposure. Strikingly, all were linked to myelination and oligodendrocyte development; "Ensheathment of neurons", "Axon ensheathment", "Myelination", "Myelin sheath" and "Oligodendrocyte development" (FDR-values < 25). Sixteen of the leading edge genes in these gene sets were analysed independently by qPCR, of which 11 genes displayed significant upregulation, including Plp1, Mal, Mag and Cnp (fold change: 1,30, 1,50, 1,30 and 1,15, respectively). Several of the upregulated genes (e.g. MAG, MAL and CNP) have previously been reported as downregulated in post-mortem brain samples from schizophrenia patients. Although caution needs to be taken when extrapolating results from animal studies to humans, the data suggest a role for olanzapine in alleviating myelination-related dysfunction in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kari M. Ersland
- 0000 0000 9753 1393grid.412008.fDr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, 5021 Norway ,0000 0004 1936 7443grid.7914.bThe Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) and the K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Silje Skrede
- 0000 0000 9753 1393grid.412008.fDr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, 5021 Norway ,0000 0004 1936 7443grid.7914.bThe Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) and the K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Christine Stansberg
- 0000 0000 9753 1393grid.412008.fDr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, 5021 Norway ,0000 0004 1936 7443grid.7914.bThe Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) and the K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Vidar M. Steen
- 0000 0000 9753 1393grid.412008.fDr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, 5021 Norway ,0000 0004 1936 7443grid.7914.bThe Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT) and the K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Leroux E, Delcroix N, Dollfus S. Abnormalities of language pathways in schizophrenia patients with and without a lifetime history of auditory verbal hallucinations: A DTI-based tractography study. World J Biol Psychiatry 2017; 18:528-538. [PMID: 28010158 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2016.1274053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) are frequently observed in patients with schizophrenia (SZ) and could be the result of white matter (WM) fibre abnormalities involved in speech production/comprehension and perception. We evaluated WM integrity changes in SZ with (SZ+) and without (SZ-) lifetime AVHs compared to healthy controls (HCs), using diffusion tensor imaging-based tractography, with a novel focus on the structural connectivity within both intra- and interhemispheric fasciculi. METHODS The study included 27 SZ+, 12 SZ- and 34 HCs. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean and radial diffusivities (MD and RD) were extracted in each participant in two left interhemispheric fasciculi and in the interhemispheric auditory pathway (IAP) to test integrity differences among groups. RESULTS SZ- and SZ + compared to HCs presented increased diffusivities and/or decreased FA in the interhemispheric fasciculi. Decreased FA was significant only between SZ + and HCs for the IAP. CONCLUSIONS In this first comparison of integrity changes within both intra- and interhemispheric fasciculi, abnormalities in the intrahemispheric fasciculi were observed in both SZ- and SZ+, but an alteration in the IAP was seen only in SZ+. These results suggest that the IAP may be more involved in patients with AVHs-proneness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Leroux
- a UNICAEN, ISTS , Normandie Univ , Caen , France
| | - Nicolas Delcroix
- b UNICAEN, CNRS, UMS GIP CYCERON , Normandie Univ , Caen , France
| | - Sonia Dollfus
- c Service de Psychiatrie , CHU de Caen , Caen , France.,d UNICAEN, UFR de médecine (Medical School) , Normandie Univ , Caen , France
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Tréhout M, Leroux E, Delcroix N, Dollfus S. Relationships between corpus callosum and language lateralization in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. Bipolar Disord 2017; 19:496-504. [PMID: 28834020 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The question of whether there is a continuum or a dichotomy among patients with schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorders (BD) has not been clearly resolved and remains a challenge. Thus, the identification of specific biomarkers of these disorders might be helpful. The present study investigated the volume of the corpus callosum (CC) and functional lateralization for language as potential biomarkers and their relationships in SZ and BD. METHODS The study included 20 patients with SZ, 20 patients with BD and 40 healthy controls (HC). A functional lateralization index (FLI) was computed for each participant within the language comprehension network. For each participant, the volume of the total CC and those of three subregions were extracted. These variables and their anatomo-functional relationships were investigated. RESULTS In comparison to HC, SZ patients presented a decreased leftward lateralization for language, whereas this was not found in BD patients. However, as compared to SZ patients and HC, BD patients showed a reduction in CC volume associated with a lower leftward lateralization for language. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed that SZ patients displayed a reduction of the leftward functional lateralization for language; however, no reduction of CC volume was observed, whereas BD patients presented a decreased volume of the CC associated with a lower leftward asymmetry for language. The results of our study detected distinct anomalies in both SZ and BD that may be considered as specific biomarkers of these disorders related to neurodevelopmental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Tréhout
- Service de Psychiatrie, CHU de Caen, Caen, France.,Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UFR de médecine (Medical School), Caen, France.,Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, ISTS, Caen, France
| | | | | | - Sonia Dollfus
- Service de Psychiatrie, CHU de Caen, Caen, France.,Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UFR de médecine (Medical School), Caen, France.,Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, ISTS, Caen, France
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Progressive cortical reorganisation: A framework for investigating structural changes in schizophrenia. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 79:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Molina V, Lubeiro A, Soto O, Rodriguez M, Álvarez A, Hernández R, de Luis-García R. Alterations in prefrontal connectivity in schizophrenia assessed using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2017; 76:107-115. [PMID: 28288855 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spatial and biological characteristics of structural frontal disconnectivity in schizophrenia remain incompletely understood. Simultaneous streamline count (SC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) analyses may yield relevant complementary information to this end. METHODS Using 3T diffusion magnetic resonance imaging both SC and FA were calculated for the tracts linking lateral and medial subregions of prefrontal cortex (PFC) to cingulate, hippocampus, caudate and thalamus in 27 schizophrenia patients (14 first-episodes) and 27 controls. Relationships of these parameters with cognition, symptoms, treatment doses and illness duration were assessed where significant between-groups differences were detected. RESULTS Patients showed lower SC and FA in the tracts linking lateral and medial PFC to thalamus (likely corresponding to anterior thalamic peduncle) and lower FA in those linking PFC to caudate (likely through internal capsule), right caudal anterior cingulate and left hippocampus (likely corresponding to hippocampal-prefrontal pathway). Moreover, patients showed greater SC values for the tracts linking medial PFC and left caudal anterior cingulate. SC and FA values for the tracts linking PFC and caudal anterior cingulate were positively related to motor speed, executive function, problem solving and completed categories in WCST. FA for the tract linking right lateral PFC and caudate was directly related to positive symptoms and FA for the tract linking left medial PFC and left thalamus was inversely related to negative symptoms. Treatment doses were not associated with SC or FA values in any tract. Illness duration was negatively associated with SC and FA in the tracts linking PFC and subcortical areas. CONCLUSIONS Widespread alterations in frontal structural connectivity of PFC can be found in schizophrenia, and are related to cognition, symptoms and illness duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Molina
- Psychiatry Department, School of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Av. Ramón y Cajal, 7, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; Psychiatry Service, Clinical Hospital of Valladolid, Ramón y Cajal, 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain; Neurosciences Institute of Castilla y León (INCYL), Pintor Fernando Gallego, 1, 37007, University of Salamanca, Spain; CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Network in Mental Health), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
| | - Alba Lubeiro
- Psychiatry Department, School of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Av. Ramón y Cajal, 7, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Oscar Soto
- Psychiatry Department, School of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Av. Ramón y Cajal, 7, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Margarita Rodriguez
- Radiology Service, Clinical Hospital of Valladolid, Ramón y Cajal, 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Aldara Álvarez
- Psychiatry Service, Clinical Hospital of Valladolid, Ramón y Cajal, 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Hernández
- Psychiatry Service, Clinical Hospital of Valladolid, Ramón y Cajal, 3, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo de Luis-García
- Imaging Processing Laboratory, University of Valladolid, Paseo de Belén, 15, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
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Steen VM, Skrede S, Polushina T, López M, Andreassen OA, Fernø J, Hellard SL. Genetic evidence for a role of the SREBP transcription system and lipid biosynthesis in schizophrenia and antipsychotic treatment. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2017; 27:589-598. [PMID: 27492885 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a serious psychotic disorder, with disabling symptoms and markedly reduced life expectancy. The onset is usually in late adolescence or early adulthood, which in time overlaps with the maturation of the brain including the myelination process. Interestingly, there seems to be a link between myelin abnormalities and schizophrenia. The oligodendrocyte-derived myelin membranes in the CNS are highly enriched for lipids (cholesterol, phospholipids and glycosphingolipids), thereby pointing at lipid homeostasis as a relevant target for studying the genetics and pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The biosynthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol is regulated by the sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) transcription factors SREBP1 and SREBP2, which are encoded by the SREBF1 and SREBF2 genes on chromosome 17p11.2 and 22q13.2, respectively. Here we review the evidence for the involvement of SREBF1 and SREBF2 as genetic risk factors in schizophrenia and discuss the role of myelination and SREBP-mediated lipid biosynthesis in the etiology, pathophysiology and drug treatment of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidar M Steen
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Silje Skrede
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tatiana Polushina
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Miguel López
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Johan Fernø
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stephanie Le Hellard
- NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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Takahashi M, Matsui M, Nakashima M, Takahashi T, Suzuki M. Callosal size in first-episode schizophrenia patients with illness duration of less than one year: A cross-sectional MRI study. Asian J Psychiatr 2017; 25:197-202. [PMID: 28262149 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2016.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported a reduction in the size of the corpus callosum (CC) on the mid-sagittal plane in patients with schizophrenia. However, findings for the size of the callosal area in patients with first-episode schizophrenia (FESz) are inconsistent. A possibility for these conflicting results is that the duration of illness in patients with FESz affects the CC size. The present study investigated the CC size abnormalities in patients with FESz. Forty-six patients with FESz whose duration of illness was less than 1year and 46 age-, sex-, and handedness-matched healthy controls were recruited to examine the CC size using magnetic resonance imaging. We measured the area of the CC using the Witelson's scheme, which divided the whole area into seven subdivisions. Analysis of covariance indicated there was no difference in the whole or regional areas of the CC between patients with FESz and healthy controls. The rostrum of the CC was significantly correlated with the total score for negative symptoms and some of the subtotal scores. Our findings indicate that there was no reduction in the whole or regional area of the CC among patients with FESz. When comparing the callosal morphology and symptoms, negative symptoms increased in severity as the rostrum area of the CC decreased in size. Further studies are needed to investigate whether the size of the anterior CC is associated with the pathology observed in the early stages of FESz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michio Takahashi
- Department of Psychology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Japan.
| | - Mie Matsui
- Department of Psychology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Japan; Institute of Liberal Arts and Science, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
| | - Mitsuhiro Nakashima
- Department of Psychology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Japan.
| | - Tsutomu Takahashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Japan.
| | - Michio Suzuki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Japan.
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Lee JS, Kim CY, Joo YH, Newell D, Bouix S, Shenton ME, Kubicki M. Increased diffusivity in gray matter in recent onset schizophrenia is associated with clinical symptoms and social cognition. Schizophr Res 2016; 176:144-150. [PMID: 27554199 PMCID: PMC5392041 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diffusion weighted MRI (dMRI) is a method sensitive to pathological changes affecting tissue microstructure. Most dMRI studies in schizophrenia, however, have focused solely on white matter. There is a possibility, however, that subtle changes in diffusivity exist in gray matter (GM). Accordingly, we investigated diffusivity in GM in patients with recent onset schizophrenia. METHODS We enrolled 45 patients and 21 age and sex-matched healthy controls. All subjects were evaluated using the short form of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and the video based social cognition scale. DMRI and T1W images were acquired on a 3 Tesla magnet, and mean Fractional Anisotropy (FA), Trace (TR) and volume were calculated for each of the 68 cortical GM Regions of Interest parcellated using FreeSurfer. RESULTS There was no significant difference of FA and GM volume between groups after Bonferroni correction. For the dMRI measures, however, patients evinced increased TR in the left bank of the superior temporal sulcus, the right inferior parietal, the right inferior temporal, and the right middle temporal gyri. In addition, higher TR in the right middle temporal gyrus and the right inferior temporal gyrus, respectively, was associated with decreased social function and higher PANSS score in patients with schizophrenia. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates high sensitivity of dMRI to subtle pathology in GM in recent onset schizophrenia, as well as an association between increased diffusivity in temporal GM regions and abnormalities in social cognition and exacerbation of psychiatric symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Sun Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chang-Yoon Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Ho Joo
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dominick Newell
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sylvain Bouix
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martha E Shenton
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; VA Boston Healthcare System, Brockton Division, Brockton, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marek Kubicki
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Poggi G, Boretius S, Möbius W, Moschny N, Baudewig J, Ruhwedel T, Hassouna I, Wieser GL, Werner HB, Goebbels S, Nave KA, Ehrenreich H. Cortical network dysfunction caused by a subtle defect of myelination. Glia 2016; 64:2025-40. [PMID: 27470661 PMCID: PMC5129527 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Subtle white matter abnormalities have emerged as a hallmark of brain alterations in magnetic resonance imaging or upon autopsy of mentally ill subjects. However, it is unknown whether such reduction of white matter and myelin contributes to any disease‐relevant phenotype or simply constitutes an epiphenomenon, possibly even treatment‐related. Here, we have re‐analyzed Mbp heterozygous mice, the unaffected parental strain of shiverer, a classical neurological mutant. Between 2 and 20 months of age, Mbp+/‐ versus Mbp+/+ littermates were deeply phenotyped by combining extensive behavioral/cognitive testing with MRI, 1H‐MR spectroscopy, electron microscopy, and molecular techniques. Surprisingly, Mbp‐dependent myelination was significantly reduced in the prefrontal cortex. We also noticed a mild but progressive hypomyelination of the prefrontal corpus callosum and low‐grade inflammation. While most behavioral functions were preserved, Mbp+/‐ mice exhibited defects of sensorimotor gating, as evidenced by reduced prepulse‐inhibition, and a late‐onset catatonia phenotype. Thus, subtle but primary abnormalities of CNS myelin can be the cause of a persistent cortical network dysfunction including catatonia, features typical of neuropsychiatric conditions. GLIA 2016;64:2025–2040
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Poggi
- Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen
| | - Susann Boretius
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel.,Department of Functional Imaging, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute of Primate Research, Göttingen
| | - Wiebke Möbius
- Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen
| | - Nicole Moschny
- Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen
| | - Jürgen Baudewig
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel.,Department of Functional Imaging, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute of Primate Research, Göttingen
| | - Torben Ruhwedel
- Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen
| | - Imam Hassouna
- Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen
| | - Georg L Wieser
- Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen
| | - Hauke B Werner
- Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen
| | - Sandra Goebbels
- Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen
| | - Klaus-Armin Nave
- Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen. .,DFG Research Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Hannelore Ehrenreich
- Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen. .,DFG Research Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Göttingen, Germany.
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Seitz J, Zuo JX, Lyall AE, Makris N, Kikinis Z, Bouix S, Pasternak O, Fredman E, Duskin J, Goldstein JM, Petryshen TL, Mesholam-Gately RI, Wojcik J, McCarley RW, Seidman LJ, Shenton ME, Koerte IK, Kubicki M. Tractography Analysis of 5 White Matter Bundles and Their Clinical and Cognitive Correlates in Early-Course Schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2016; 42:762-71. [PMID: 27009248 PMCID: PMC4838095 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbv171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tractography is the most anatomically accurate method for delineating white matter tracts in the brain, yet few studies have examined multiple tracts using tractography in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ). We analyze 5 white matter connections important in the pathophysiology of SCZ: uncinate fasciculus, cingulum bundle (CB), inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF), superior longitudinal fasciculus, and arcuate fasciculus (AF). Additionally, we investigate the relationship between diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) markers and neuropsychological measures. METHODS High-resolution DTI data were acquired on a 3 Tesla scanner in 30 patients with early-course SCZ and 30 healthy controls (HC) from the Boston Center for Intervention Development and Applied Research study. After manually guided tracts delineation, fractional anisotropy (FA), trace, radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD) were calculated and averaged along each tract. The association of DTI measures with the Scales for the Assessment of Negative and Positive Symptoms and neuropsychological measures was evaluated. RESULTS Compared to HC, patients exhibited reduced FA and increased trace and RD in the right AF, CB, and ILF. A discriminant analysis showed the possible use of FA of these tracts for better future group membership classifications. FA and RD of the right ILF and AF were associated with positive symptoms while FA and RD of the right CB were associated with memory performance and processing speed. CONCLUSION We observed white matter alterations in the right CB, ILF, and AF, possibly caused by myelin disruptions. The structural abnormalities interact with cognitive performance, and are linked to clinical symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Seitz
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA;,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Jessica X. Zuo
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Amanda E. Lyall
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA;,Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Nikos Makris
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA;,Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA;,Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Zora Kikinis
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sylvain Bouix
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA;,Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ofer Pasternak
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA;,Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA;,Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Eli Fredman
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jonathan Duskin
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jill M. Goldstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA;,Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA;,Department of Medicine, Connors Center for Women’s Health and Gender Biology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Tracey L. Petryshen
- Department of Psychiatry and Center for Human Genetic Research, Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetic Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA;,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
| | - Raquelle I. Mesholam-Gately
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts Mental Health Center Public Psychiatry Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Joanne Wojcik
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts Mental Health Center Public Psychiatry Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Robert W. McCarley
- Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroscience Division, VA Boston Healthcare System, Brockton, MA
| | - Larry J. Seidman
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA;,Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts Mental Health Center Public Psychiatry Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Martha E. Shenton
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA;,Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA;,Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA;,VA Boston Healthcare System, Brockton Division, Brockton, MA
| | - Inga K. Koerte
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA;,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Marek Kubicki
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA;
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Kim MK, Kim B, Lee KS, Kim CM, Bang SY, Choi TK, Lee SH. White-matter connectivity related to paliperidone treatment response in patients with schizophrenia. J Psychopharmacol 2016; 30:294-302. [PMID: 26755544 DOI: 10.1177/0269881115625114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine whether white-matter (WM) connectivity of patients with schizophrenia at early stage of treatment is related to treatment response after paliperidone extended-release (ER) treatment. Forty-one patients with schizophrenia and 17 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects were included in this study. Brain magnetic resonance scans at 3 Tesla were conducted at early stage of treatment. Voxel-wise statistical analysis of the fractional anisotropy (FA) data was performed using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics. At baseline and eight weeks after paliperidone treatment, patients were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms and the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms. Among the patients with schizophrenia, the FA values of the corpus callosum, corona radiata, internal capsule, external capsule, superior longitudinal fasciculus and fronto-temporal WM regions showed significant negative correlations with scores of the treatment response. The current study suggests that the treatment response after paliperidone ER treatment may be associated with the fronto-temporo-limbic WM connectivity at early stage of treatment in patients with schizophrenia, and it could be used as a predictor of treatment response to paliperidone ER treatment after studies with large samples verify these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Kyoung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Borah Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Soo Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Mo Kim
- Department of Business Administration, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Yun Bang
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Health and Welfare, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Tai Kiu Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyuk Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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Tomasik J, Schwarz E, Lago SG, Rothermundt M, Leweke FM, van Beveren NJM, Guest PC, Rahmoune H, Steiner J, Bahn S. Pretreatment levels of the fatty acid handling proteins H-FABP and CD36 predict response to olanzapine in recent-onset schizophrenia patients. Brain Behav Immun 2016; 52:178-186. [PMID: 26541453 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2015.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional schizophrenia pharmacotherapy remains a subjective trial and error process involving administration, titration and switching of drugs multiple times until an adequate response is achieved. Despite this time-consuming and costly process, not all patients show an adequate response to treatment. As a consequence, relapse is a common occurrence and early intervention is hampered. Here, we have attempted to identify candidate blood biomarkers associated with drug response in 121 initially antipsychotic-free recent-onset schizophrenia patients treated with widely-used antipsychotics, namely olanzapine (n=40), quetiapine (n=23), risperidone (n=30) and a mixture of these drugs (n=28). Patients were recruited and investigated as two separate cohorts to allow biomarker validation. Data analysis showed the most significant relationship between pre-treatment levels of heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) and response to olanzapine (p=0.008, F=8.6, β=70.4 in the discovery cohort and p=0.003, F=15.2, β=24.4 in the validation cohort, adjusted for relevant confounding variables). In a functional follow-up analysis of this finding, we tested an independent cohort of 10 patients treated with olanzapine and found that baseline levels of plasma H-FABP and expression of the binding partner for H-FABP, fatty acid translocase (CD36), on monocytes predicted the reduction of psychotic symptoms (p=0.040, F=6.0, β=116.3 and p=0.012, F=11.9, β=-0.0054, respectively). We also identified a set of serum molecules changed after treatment with antipsychotic medication, in particular olanzapine. These molecules are predominantly involved in cellular development and metabolism. Taken together, our findings suggest an association between biomarkers involved in fatty acid metabolism and response to olanzapine, while other proteins may serve as surrogate markers associated with drug efficacy and side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Tomasik
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Emanuel Schwarz
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Santiago G Lago
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | | | - F Markus Leweke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Nico J M van Beveren
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department "Nieuwe Kennis", Delta Centre for Mental Health Care, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Paul C Guest
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Hassan Rahmoune
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Johann Steiner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Sabine Bahn
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Wu CH, Hwang TJ, Chen YJ, Hsu YC, Lo YC, Liu CM, Hwu HG, Liu CC, Hsieh MH, Chien YL, Chen CM, Isaac Tseng WY. Primary and secondary alterations of white matter connectivity in schizophrenia: A study on first-episode and chronic patients using whole-brain tractography-based analysis. Schizophr Res 2015; 169:54-61. [PMID: 26443482 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2015.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a debilitating mental disorder that is associated with an impaired connection of cerebral white matter. Studies on patients with chronic and first-episode schizophrenia have found widespread white matter abnormalities. However, it is unclear whether the altered connections are inherent in or secondary to the disease. Here, we sought to identify white matter tracts with altered connections and to distinguish primary or secondary alterations among 74 fiber tracts across the whole brain using an automatic tractography-based analysis method. Thirty-one chronic, 25 first-episode patients with schizophrenia and 31 healthy controls were recruited to receive diffusion spectrum magnetic resonance imaging at 3T. Seven tracts were found to exhibit significant differences between the groups; they included the right arcuate fasciculus, bilateral fornices, left superior longitudinal fasciculus I, and fibers of the corpus callosum to the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortices (DLPFC), bilateral temporal poles, and bilateral hippocampi. Post-hoc between-group analyses revealed that the connection of the callosal fibers to the bilateral DLPFC was significantly decreased in chronic patients but not in first-episode patients. In a stepwise regression analysis, the decline of the tract connection was significantly predicted by the duration of illness. In contrast, the remaining six tracts showed significant alterations in both first-episode and chronic patients and did not associate with clinical variables. In conclusion, reduced white matter connectivity of the callosal fibers to the bilateral DLPFC may be a secondary change that degrades progressively in the chronic stage, whereas alterations in the other six tracts may be inherent in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hao Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Science, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Jeng Hwang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Chen
- Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chin Hsu
- Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Lo
- Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Min Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hai-Gwo Hwu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chen-Chung Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming H Hsieh
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Chien
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ming Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yih Isaac Tseng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Kates WR, Olszewski AK, Gnirke MH, Kikinis Z, Nelson J, Antshel KM, Fremont W, Radoeva PD, Middleton FA, Shenton ME, Coman IL. White matter microstructural abnormalities of the cingulum bundle in youths with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: associations with medication, neuropsychological function, and prodromal symptoms of psychosis. Schizophr Res 2015; 161:76-84. [PMID: 25066496 PMCID: PMC4277733 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2014.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is regarded as an etiologically homogenous model for understanding neuroanatomic disruptions associated with a high risk for schizophrenia. This study utilized diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to analyze white matter microstructure in individuals with 22q11.2DS. We focused on the cingulum bundle (CB), previously shown to be disrupted in patients with schizophrenia and associated with symptoms of psychosis. METHODS White matter microstructure was assessed in the anterior, superior, and posterior CB using the tractography algorithm in DTIStudio. Neuropsychological function, presence of prodromal symptoms of psychosis, and medication history were assessed in all participants. RESULTS Relative to controls, young adults with 22q11.2DS showed alterations in most DTI metrics of the CB. Alterations were associated with positive prodromal symptoms of psychosis. However, when individuals with 22q11.2DS were divided by usage of antipsychotics/mood stabilizers, the medicated and non-medicated groups differed significantly in axial diffusivity of the anterior CB and in fractional anisotropy of the superior CB. DTI metrics did not differ between the medicated group and the control group. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that the microstructure of the CB is altered in individuals with 22q11.2DS, and that those alterations may underlie positive prodromal symptoms of psychosis. Our findings further provide preliminary evidence that antipsychotic/mood stabilizer usage may have a reparative effect on white matter microstructure in prodromal 22q11.2DS, independent of the potential effects of psychosis. Future studies of white matter pathology in individuals with 22q11.2DS should test for potential effects of medication on white matter microstructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy R Kates
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States.
| | - Amy K Olszewski
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Matthew H Gnirke
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Zora Kikinis
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Joshua Nelson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Kevin M Antshel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States; Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Wanda Fremont
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Petya D Radoeva
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Frank A Middleton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States; Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Martha E Shenton
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; VA Boston Healthcare System, Brockton Division, Brockton, MA, United States
| | - Ioana L Coman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York at Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
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Canu E, Agosta F, Filippi M. A selective review of structural connectivity abnormalities of schizophrenic patients at different stages of the disease. Schizophr Res 2015; 161:19-28. [PMID: 24893909 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2014.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia has long been hypothesized to result from a disconnection syndrome due to a disruption of the association fibers of the brain. However, only with the advent of in vivo neuroimaging, a formal disconnectivity hypothesis for schizophrenia has been developed. Diffusion tensor MRI, a non-invasive technique which is sensitive to features of tissue microstructure and to the anatomy of the white matter fibers, has gained a crucial role in the field. Here, we provide a state-of-the-art review of structural connectivity abnormalities detected in schizophrenia and discuss the most relevant findings at preclinical, first episode drug-naïve, and chronic stages. Imaging studies showed white matter alterations from the preclinical to the chronic stage of the disease, which involve the corticospinal tracts, interhemispheric connections, long association white matter tracts, cerebello-thalamo-cortical circuit, and limbic system. Such abnormalities were found to be associated with the psychiatric and cognitive manifestations of the disease and to predict, at least partially, the patient clinical evolution and response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Canu
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Agosta
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
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Szeszko PR, Robinson DG, Ikuta T, Peters BD, Gallego JA, Kane J, Malhotra AK. White matter changes associated with antipsychotic treatment in first-episode psychosis. Neuropsychopharmacology 2014; 39:1324-31. [PMID: 24549105 PMCID: PMC3988536 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2013.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Second-generation antipsychotics are utilized extensively in the treatment of psychotic disorders and other psychiatric conditions, but the effects of these medications on human brain white matter are not well understood. We thus investigated the effects of second-generation antipsychotics on white matter integrity using tract-based spatial statistics in patients experiencing a first episode of psychosis with little or no prior antipsychotic exposure, and how potential changes were associated with metabolic side effects. Thirty-five (26 men/9 women) patients experiencing a first episode of psychosis received diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) exams, clinical assessments, and provided fasting blood samples at the onset of antipsychotic treatment, and then again after 12 weeks of treatment with either risperidone or aripiprazole in a double-blind randomized clinical trial. In addition, 35 (26 men/9 women) healthy volunteers received DTI exams at a baseline time point and then after 12 weeks. Patients demonstrated significant (p<0.05; family-wise error corrected) fractional anisotropy reductions within the parietal and occipital white matter following antipsychotic treatment. Greater overall fractional anisotropy reduction was significantly correlated with greater increases in low-density lipoprotein. There were no significant fractional anisotropy increases among patients following treatment. Moreover, healthy volunteers did not demonstrate either significant increases or decreases in fractional anisotropy across a comparable 12-week interval. The use of antipsychotics may be associated with a subtle loss of white matter integrity that is related to greater side effects, thus raising potentially important considerations regarding risk/benefit in their usage. Limitations of the current study, however, include a prior history of substance use among patients and our inability to exclude the possibility of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip R Szeszko
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA,Division of Psychiatry Research, Zucker Hillside Hospital, North Shore-LIJ Health System, Glen Oaks, NY, USA,Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA,Division of Psychiatry Research, Zucker Hillside Hospital, North Shore-LIJ Health System, 75-59 263rd Street, Glen Oaks, NY 11004, USA. Tel: +1 718 470 8489; Fax: +1 718 343 1659; E-mail:
| | - Delbert G Robinson
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA,Division of Psychiatry Research, Zucker Hillside Hospital, North Shore-LIJ Health System, Glen Oaks, NY, USA,Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - Toshikazu Ikuta
- Departments of Psychiatry and Molecular Medicine, Hofstra North Shore—LIJ School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Bart D Peters
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA,Division of Psychiatry Research, Zucker Hillside Hospital, North Shore-LIJ Health System, Glen Oaks, NY, USA
| | - Juan A Gallego
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA,Division of Psychiatry Research, Zucker Hillside Hospital, North Shore-LIJ Health System, Glen Oaks, NY, USA,Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - John Kane
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA,Division of Psychiatry Research, Zucker Hillside Hospital, North Shore-LIJ Health System, Glen Oaks, NY, USA,Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - Anil K Malhotra
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA,Division of Psychiatry Research, Zucker Hillside Hospital, North Shore-LIJ Health System, Glen Oaks, NY, USA,Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
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Marlinge E, Bellivier F, Houenou J. White matter alterations in bipolar disorder: potential for drug discovery and development. Bipolar Disord 2014; 16:97-112. [PMID: 24571279 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Brain white matter (WM) alterations have recently emerged as potentially relevant in bipolar disorder. New techniques such as diffusion tensor imaging allow precise exploration of these WM microstructural alterations in bipolar disorder. Our objective was to critically review WM alterations in bipolar disorder, using neuroimaging and neuropathological studies, in the context of neural models and the potential for drug discovery and development. METHODS We conducted a systematic PubMed and Google Scholar search of the WM and bipolar disorder literature up to and including January 2013. RESULTS Findings relating to WM alterations are consistent in neuroimaging and neuropathology studies of bipolar disorder, especially in regions involved in emotional processing such as the anterior frontal lobe, corpus callosum, cingulate cortex, and in fronto-limbic connections. Some of the structural alterations are related to genetic risk factors for bipolar disorder and may underlie the dysfunctional emotional processing described in recent neurobiological models of bipolar disorder. Medication effects in bipolar disorder, from lithium and other mood stabilizers, might impact myelinating processes, particularly by inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta. CONCLUSIONS Pathways leading to WM alterations in bipolar disorder represent potential targets for the development and discovery of new drugs. Myelin damage in bipolar disorder suggests that the effects of existing pro-myelinating drugs should also be evaluated to improve our understanding and treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeline Marlinge
- AP-HP, Groupe Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Paris, France; Inserm, U955, Equipe 15 (Psychiatrie Génétique), Paris, France; Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France; Neurospin, I2BM, CEA, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
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Feigenson KA, Kusnecov AW, Silverstein SM. Inflammation and the two-hit hypothesis of schizophrenia. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2014; 38:72-93. [PMID: 24247023 PMCID: PMC3896922 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 10/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The high societal and individual cost of schizophrenia necessitates finding better, more effective treatment, diagnosis, and prevention strategies. One of the obstacles in this endeavor is the diverse set of etiologies that comprises schizophrenia. A substantial body of evidence has grown over the last few decades to suggest that schizophrenia is a heterogeneous syndrome with overlapping symptoms and etiologies. At the same time, an increasing number of clinical, epidemiological, and experimental studies have shown links between schizophrenia and inflammatory conditions. In this review, we analyze the literature on inflammation and schizophrenia, with a particular focus on comorbidity, biomarkers, and environmental insults. We then identify several mechanisms by which inflammation could influence the development of schizophrenia via the two-hit hypothesis. Lastly, we note the relevance of these findings to clinical applications in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith A Feigenson
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School at Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 675 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
| | - Alex W Kusnecov
- Department of Psychology, Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience Program and Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology, Rutgers University, 52 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8020, USA.
| | - Steven M Silverstein
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School at Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 675 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; University Behavioral Health Care at Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 671 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08855, USA.
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42
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Collinson SL, Gan SC, Woon PS, Kuswanto C, Sum MY, Yang GL, Lui JM, Sitoh YY, Nowinski WL, Sim K. Corpus callosum morphology in first-episode and chronic schizophrenia: combined magnetic resonance and diffusion tensor imaging study of Chinese Singaporean patients. Br J Psychiatry 2014; 204:55-60. [PMID: 24202961 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.113.127886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormalities in the corpus callosum have been reported in patients with schizophrenia for over 30 years but the influence of inter-individual differences and illness characteristics remains to be fully elucidated. AIMS To examine the influence of individual and illness characteristics on the corpus callosum in Chinese Singaporean patients with schizophrenia. METHOD Using magnetic resonance and diffusion tensor imaging, mean corpus callosum area, volume and fractional anisotropy were investigated in 120 Chinese Singaporean patients (52 with chronic and 68 with first-episode schizophrenia) and compared with data from 75 matched healthy controls. RESULTS Both area and volume were significantly reduced in patients relative to controls but no significant differences in corpus callosum existed between genders in either patients or controls. Differences in area and volume of the corpus callosum were greatest in patients whose condition was chronic relative to patients with a first episode and controls. Anterior callosum in patients, regardless of chronicity, was no different to that of controls. CONCLUSIONS Morphological abnormalities in the corpus callosum may increase with illness progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon L Collinson
- Simon L. Collinson, DPhil, Department of Psychology, National University of Singapore and Research Division, Woodbridge Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, Singapore; Swu Chyi Gan, MSocSci, Department of Psychology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Puay San Woon, BSc, Carissa Kuswanto, MSc, Min Yi Sum, BA, Research Division, Woodbridge Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, Singapore; Guo Liang Yang, PhD, Ji Min Lui, PhD, Biomedical Imaging Laboratory, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore; Yih Yian Sitoh, Department of Neuroradiology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore; Wieslaw L. Nowinski, DSc, PhD, Biomedical Imaging Laboratory, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore; Kang Sim, MBBS, MMed, FAMS, Research Division and Department of General Psychiatry, Woodbridge Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
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Seki Y, Kato TA, Monji A, Mizoguchi Y, Horikawa H, Sato-Kasai M, Yoshiga D, Kanba S. Pretreatment of aripiprazole and minocycline, but not haloperidol, suppresses oligodendrocyte damage from interferon-γ-stimulated microglia in co-culture model. Schizophr Res 2013; 151:20-8. [PMID: 24100191 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2013.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent imaging studies have indicated that the pathophysiology of schizophrenia is closely related to white matter abnormalities and microglial activation. Additionally, recent clinical trials have suggested that atypical antipsychotics may have brain protective properties and that minocycline, an antibiotic with inhibitory effects on microglial activation, improves symptoms of schizophrenia. We have reported that not only atypical antipsychotics with dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) antagonism but also aripiprazole, a unique antipsychotic drug with D2R partial agonism, inhibit microglial activation in vitro. Thus, atypical antipsychotics may exert a beneficial influence on both microglia and oligodendrocytes, while the underlying mechanisms have not been clarified. Here, we investigated whether antipsychotics suppress oligodendrocyte damage by inhibiting microglial activation utilizing a co-culture model with microglia and oligodendrocytes. Pretreatment of aripiprazole and minocycline suppressed apoptosis of oligodendrocytes in the co-culture model with interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-activated microglia, while haloperidol, a traditional antipsychotic drug, did not. Aripiprazole and minocycline inhibited the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) from IFN-γ-activated microglia. Moreover, aripiprazole and minocycline attenuated the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) in microglia. Overall, our results suggest that aripiprazole and minocycline may have antipsychotic effects through reducing oligodendrocyte damage caused by microglial activation. These results put forward a novel therapeutic hypothesis in schizophrenia research. Future in vivo studies to confirm the present results should be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Seki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Fang F, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Xu H, Huang Q, Adilijiang A, Wang J, Zhang Z, Zhang D, Tan Q, He J, Kong L, Liu Y, Li XM. Antipsychotics promote the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells by regulating oligodendrocyte lineage transcription factors 1 and 2. Life Sci 2013; 93:429-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2013.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Revised: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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45
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Freitag MT, van Bruggen T, Fritzsche KH, Henze R, Brunner R, Parzer P, Resch F, Stieltjes B. Reduced lateralization in early onset schizophrenia. Neurosci Lett 2013; 537:23-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Johnson SLM, Greenstein D, Clasen L, Miller R, Lalonde F, Rapoport J, Gogtay N. Absence of anatomic corpus callosal abnormalities in childhood-onset schizophrenia patients and healthy siblings. Psychiatry Res 2013; 211:11-6. [PMID: 23154096 PMCID: PMC3557544 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2012.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Revised: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The corpus callosum (CC) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, and CC deficits have been reported in adults with schizophrenia. We explored the developmental trajectory of the corpus callosum in childhood-onset schizophrenia (COS) patients, their healthy siblings (SIB) and healthy volunteers. We obtained 235 anatomic brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans from 98 COS patients, 153 scans from 71 of their healthy siblings, and 253 scans from 100 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers, across ages 9-30 years. The volumes of five sub-regions of the CC were calculated using FreeSurfer, and summed to give the total volume. Longitudinal data were examined using mixed model regression analysis. There were no significant differences for the total or sub-regional CC volumes between the three groups. There were also no significant differences between the groups for developmental trajectory (slope) of the CC. This is the largest longitudinal study of CC development in schizophrenia and the first COS study of the CC to include healthy siblings. Overall, CC volume and growth trajectory did not differ between COS patients, healthy siblings, or healthy volunteers. These results suggest that CC development, at least at a macroscopic level, may not be a salient feature of schizophrenia.
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Castellano O, Arji M, Sancho C, Carro J, Riolobos AS, Molina V, Gómez-Nieto R, de Anchieta de Castro E Horta J, Herrero-Turrión MJ, López DE. Chronic administration of risperidone in a rat model of schizophrenia: a behavioural, morphological and molecular study. Behav Brain Res 2013; 242:178-90. [PMID: 23291154 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2012.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In the present work we analyzed the effect of the chronic administration of risperidone (2mg/kg over 65 days) on behavioural, morphological and molecular aspects in an experimental model of schizophrenia obtained by bilateral injection of ibotenic acid into the ventral hippocampus of new-born rats. Our results show that during their adult lives the animals with hippocampal lesions exhibit different alterations, mainly at behavioural level and in the gene expression of dopamine D(2) and 5-HT(2A) receptors. However, at morphological level the study performed on the prefrontal cortex did not reveal any alterations in either the thickness or the number of cells immunoreactive for c-Fos, GFAP, CBP or PV. Overall, risperidone administration elicited a trend towards the recovery of the values previously altered by the hippocampal lesion, approaching the values seen in the animals without lesions. It may be concluded that the administration of risperidone in the schizophrenia model employed helps to improve the altered functions, with no significant negative effects.
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MESH Headings
- Age Factors
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Antipsychotic Agents/administration & dosage
- Avoidance Learning/drug effects
- Avoidance Learning/physiology
- Behavior, Animal/drug effects
- Brain/metabolism
- Brain/pathology
- CREB-Binding Protein/metabolism
- Cell Count
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Administration Schedule
- Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists/toxicity
- Exploratory Behavior/drug effects
- Exploratory Behavior/physiology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein/metabolism
- Grooming/drug effects
- Hippocampus/drug effects
- Hippocampus/physiology
- Ibotenic Acid/toxicity
- Male
- Parvalbumins/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/genetics
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/metabolism
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/genetics
- Receptors, Dopamine D2/metabolism
- Risperidone/administration & dosage
- Schizophrenia/chemically induced
- Schizophrenia/drug therapy
- Schizophrenia/physiopathology
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Affiliation(s)
- O Castellano
- Institute for Neuroscience of Castilla y León, Salamanca, Spain; Department of Cell Biology and Pathology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
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Bartzokis G, Lu PH, Raven EP, Amar CP, Detore NR, Couvrette AJ, Mintz J, Ventura J, Casaus LR, Luo JS, Subotnik KL, Nuechterlein KH. Impact on intracortical myelination trajectory of long acting injection versus oral risperidone in first-episode schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2012; 140:122-8. [PMID: 22809684 PMCID: PMC3567927 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2012.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Revised: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Imaging and post-mortem studies suggest that frontal lobe intracortical myelination is dysregulated in schizophrenia (SZ). Prior MRI studies suggested that early in the treatment of SZ, antipsychotic medications initially increase frontal lobe intracortical myelin (ICM) volume, which subsequently declines prematurely in chronic stages of the disease. Insofar as the trajectory of ICM decline in chronic SZ is due to medication non-adherence or pharmacokinetics, it may be modifiable by long acting injection (LAI) formulations. OBJECTIVES Assess the effect of risperidone formulation on the ICM trajectory during a six-month randomized trial of LAI (RLAI) versus oral (RisO) in first-episode SZ subjects. DESIGN Two groups of SZ subjects (RLAI, N=9; and RisO, N=13) matched on pre-randomization oral medication exposure were prospectively examined at baseline and 6 months later, along with 12 healthy controls (HCs). Frontal lobe ICM volume was assessed using inversion recovery (IR) and proton density (PD) MRI images. Medication adherence was tracked. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE ICM volume change scores were adjusted for the change in the HCs. RESULTS ICM volume increased significantly (p=.005) in RLAI and non-significantly (p=.39) in the RisO groups compared with that of the healthy controls. A differential between-group treatment effect was at a trend level (p=.093). SZ subjects receiving RLAI had better medication adherence and more ICM increases (chi-square p<.05). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that RLAI may promote ICM development in first-episode SZ patients. Better adherence and/or pharmacokinetics provided by LAI may modify the ICM trajectory. In vivo MRI myelination measures can help clarify pharmacotherapeutic mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Bartzokis
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.
| | - Po H. Lu
- Department of Neurology, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Erika P. Raven
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California,Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System, West Los Angeles, California
| | - Chetan P. Amar
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California,Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System, West Los Angeles, California
| | - Nicole R. Detore
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Alexander J. Couvrette
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California,Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System, West Los Angeles, California
| | - Jim Mintz
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Joseph Ventura
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Laurie R. Casaus
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - John S. Luo
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kenneth L. Subotnik
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Keith H. Nuechterlein
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California,Department of Psychology, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
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Kuswanto CN, Teh I, Lee TS, Sim K. Diffusion tensor imaging findings of white matter changes in first episode schizophrenia: a systematic review. CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE 2012; 10:13-24. [PMID: 23429992 PMCID: PMC3569158 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2012.10.1.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2011] [Revised: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Earlier structural magnetic resonance imaging in schizophrenia have noted smaller white matter volumes in diverse brain regions and recent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have allowed better elucidation of changes in brain white matter integrity within the illness. As white matter abnormalities have been reported to occur early in the course of schizophrenia, we systematically review extant DTI studies of anomalies of white matter integrity in first episode schizophrenia (FES) up till October 2011. Overall, disruptions of white matter integrity were found in the cortical, subcortical brain regions and white matter associative and commissural tracts, suggesting that changes of cortical-subcortical white matter integrity were found at an early stage of the disorder. These changes in white matter integrity were correlated with specific cognitive deficits (verbal and spatial working memory) as well as psychopathology (positive more than negative symptoms) in patients with FES. The correlation of these white matter integrity changes with cognitive and phenomenological factors may shed light on neurobiological substrates underlying these clinical manifestations. Future studies need to validate these findings in larger samples of subjects and in different populations as well as chart the progress of these cerebral white matter changes over time so as to better appreciate their trajectory with illness course, treatment and chronicity.
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Antipsychotic induced alteration of growth and proteome of rat neural stem cells. Neurochem Res 2012; 37:1649-59. [PMID: 22528831 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-012-0768-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Revised: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) play a crucial role in the development and maturation of the central nervous system and therefore have the potential to target by therapeutic agents for a wide variety of diseases including neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric illnesses. It has been suggested that antipsychotic drugs have significant effects on NSC activities. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying antipsychotic-induced changes of NSC activities, particularly growth and protein expression, are largely unknown. NSCs were treated with either haloperidol (HD; 3 μM), risperidone (RS; 3 μM) or vehicle (DMSO) for 96 h. Protein expression profiles were studied through a proteomics approach. RS promoted and HD inhibited the growth of NSCs. Proteomics analysis revealed that 15 protein spots identified as 12 unique proteins in HD-, and 20 protein spots identified as 14 proteins in RS-treated groups, were differentially expressed relative to control. When these identified proteins were compared between the two drug-treated groups, 2 proteins overlapped leaving 10 HD-specific and 12 RS-specific proteins. Further comparison of the overlapped altered proteins of 96 h treatment with the neuroleptics-induced overlapped proteins at 24 h time interval (Kashem et al. [40] in Neurochem Int 55:558-565, 2009) suggested that overlapping altered proteins expression at 24 h was decreased (17 proteins i.e. 53 % of total expressed proteins) with the increase of time (96 h) (2 proteins; 8 % of total expressed proteins). This result indicated that at early stage both drugs showed common mode of action but the action was opposite to each other while administration was prolonged. The opposite morphological pattern of cellular growth at 96 h has been associated with dominant expression of oxidative stress and apoptosis cascades in HD, and activation of growth regulating metabolic pathways in RS treated cells. These results may explain RS induced repairing of neural damage caused by a wide variety of neural diseases including schizophrenia.
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