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Ding Y, Tang Z, Zhang R, Zhang M, Guan Q, Zhang L, Wang H, Chen Y, Zhang W, Wang J. Genetic Variations of AKT1 are Associated with Risk Screening for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2023; 16:1365-1376. [PMID: 37525829 PMCID: PMC10387243 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s416592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Protein kinase B (PKB/AKT) has shown a high profile in the research of metabolic diseases. This research sought to determine whether the AKT1 gene's single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were related. Patients and Methods Recruited in this case-control study were 2693 subjects, including 815 with NAFLD and 1878 without NAFLD. Three SNPs of AKT1 (rs2494732, rs2494752 and rs1130233) were genotyped. To examine the correlation between SNPs and NAFLD susceptibility, logistic regression was performed. Results After adjusting for sex, age, triglyceride and glucose, AKT1 rs2494732-C (all P < 0.05 in co-dominant model, dominant model and additive model) and rs2494752-G (P < 0.05 in co-dominant model) were linked to a lower risk of NAFLD. The combined effect of both SNPs on NAFLD risk was statistically significant, showing a dose dependence (Ptrend = 0.010). Sex, body mass index, hypertension, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, and beneficial alleles were all significant predictors of NAFLD risk (all P < 0.05). The prediction model achieved good discrimination, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.779. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test suggested an inadequate calibration of the model (χ2 = 21.073, P = 0.007). Conclusion AKT1 rs2494732 and rs2494752 may be related to Chinese NAFLD susceptibility. The prediction model combining both SNPs with clinical factors displays a strong ability to discriminate NAFLD patients. Both SNPs may be exploited to design new models for early screening of NAFLD high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Ding
- Department of Fundamental and Community Nursing, School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zongzhe Tang
- Department of Fundamental and Community Nursing, School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ru Zhang
- Department of Fundamental and Community Nursing, School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengting Zhang
- Department of Fundamental and Community Nursing, School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Guan
- Department of Fundamental and Community Nursing, School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liuxin Zhang
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong (SAR), People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongliang Wang
- Department of General Practice, Ninghai Road Community Health Service Center, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Fundamental and Community Nursing, School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Fundamental and Community Nursing, School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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Effects of Risperidone and Prenatal Poly I:C Exposure on GABA A Receptors and AKT-GSK3β Pathway in the Ventral Tegmental Area of Female Juvenile Rats. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12050732. [PMID: 35625659 PMCID: PMC9139019 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The ventral tegmental area (VTA) in the ventral midbrain is the origin of the dopaminergic neurotransmission pathways. Although GABAA receptors and AKT-GSK3β signaling are involved in the pathophysiology of mental disorders and are modulated by antipsychotics, an unmet task is to reveal the pathological changes in these biomarkers and antipsychotic modulations in the VTA. Using a juvenile polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid (Poly I:C) psychiatric rat model, this study investigated the effects of adolescent risperidone treatment on GABAA receptors and AKT/GSK3β in the VTA. Pregnant female Sprague-Dawley rats were administered Poly I:C (5mg/kg; i.p) or saline at gestational day 15. Juvenile female offspring received risperidone (0.9 mg/kg, twice per day) or a vehicle from postnatal day 35 for 25 days. Poly I:C offspring had significantly decreased mRNA expression of GABAA receptor β3 subunits and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD2) in the VTA, while risperidone partially reversed the decreased GAD2 expression. Prenatal Poly I:C exposure led to increased expression of AKT2 and GSK3β. Risperidone decreased GABAA receptor β2/3, but increased AKT2 mRNA expression in the VTA of healthy rats. This study suggests that Poly I:C-elicited maternal immune activation and risperidone differentially modulate GABAergic neurotransmission and AKT-GSK3β signaling in the VTA of adolescent rats.
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3
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Fei E, Chen P, Zhang Q, Zhong Y, Zhou T. Protein kinase B/Akt1 phosphorylates dysbindin-1A at serine 10 to regulate neuronal development. Neuroscience 2022; 490:66-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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4
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Childhood traumatic events and the dopaminergic theory of psychosis: A mini-review of studies investigating gene – environment interactions. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02650-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
There is great body of evidence showing a relationship between childhood adversity and psychosis onset. Genetic factors moderate the association between childhood adversity and psychosis risk potentially by influencing biological and/or psychological reaction following exposure to adversity. In this review, we discuss studies identifying the specific genetic variants known to affect dopamine levels involved in this interaction. Our review shows that the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2), AKT1 gene play a key role in mediating the relationship between childhood adversity and development of psychosis. We have also found conflicting findings on the impact of dopamine genes on the relationship between childhood adversity and development of psychosis, suggesting that other genetic and environmental factors should be taken into account. We here discuss the implications of our findings and future directions.
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5
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Liu J, Yang T, Zhou L, Gong J, He Y, Cui X, Luo X, Wu J. Association between schizotypal personality traits and emotional instability: mediation and moderation analysis among Chinese college students. J Affect Disord 2021; 291:83-92. [PMID: 34023751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.04.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies identified an association between schizophrenia and emotional instability. However, the relationship between schizotypal personality traits and emotional instability has not been explored to date. Furthermore, both mediating and moderating factors need to be identified. METHODS A total of 2936 students completed the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), the Affective Lability Scale-Short Form (ALS-SF), and the Davos Assessment of Cognitive Biases Scale (DACOBS). RESULTS 1) The total scores of DACOBS (and all dimensions) and ALS-SF (and all dimensions) in the high schizotypal personality trait group were higher than in the low schizotypal personality trait group (all P < 0.05). 2) SPQ score and DACOBS social cognition problems, subjective cognitive problems, jumping to conclusions bias, and external attribution bias subscale scores positively predicted the total score of ALS-SF (or the dimensions of ALS-SF) in both male and female populations (all P < 0.05). 3) In the male population, DACOBS social cognition problems, subjective cognitive problems, jumping to conclusions bias, and external attribution bias subscale scores mediated the relationship between SPQ score and ALS-SF total score (or its subscales). In the female population, DACOBS attention for threat bias, external attribution bias, jumping to conclusions bias, social cognition problems, and subjective cognitive problems subscale scores mediated the relationship between SPQ score and ALS-SF total score (or its subscales). 4) Gender exerted a moderating effect on this relationship between SPQ score and ALS-SF total/anxiety-depression score (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Schizotypal personality traits might influence emotional instability through cognitive biases, and the degree of this influence varies depending on gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Liu
- Department of Child Psychiatry of Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen Mental Health Center; Shenzhen University, Mental Health School, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Tingyu Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Lihua Zhou
- College of Education Science, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang 421002, China
| | - Jingbo Gong
- Department of Applied Psychology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 41000, China
| | - Yuqiong He
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xilong Cui
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xuerong Luo
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Junduan Wu
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530000, China.
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6
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Levenga J, Wong H, Milstead R, LaPlante L, Hoeffer CA. Immunohistological Examination of AKT Isoforms in the Brain: Cell-Type Specificity That May Underlie AKT's Role in Complex Brain Disorders and Neurological Disease. Cereb Cortex Commun 2021; 2:tgab036. [PMID: 34296180 PMCID: PMC8223503 DOI: 10.1093/texcom/tgab036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase B (PKB/AKT) is a central kinase involved in many neurobiological processes. AKT is expressed in the brain as three isoforms, AKT1, AKT2, and AKT3. Previous studies suggest isoform-specific roles in neural function, but very few studies have examined AKT isoform expression at the cellular level. In this study, we use a combination of histology, immunostaining, and genetics to characterize cell-type-specific expression of AKT isoforms in human and mouse brains. In mice, we find that AKT1 is the most broadly expressed isoform, with expression in excitatory neurons and the sole detectable AKT isoform in gamma-aminobutyric acid ergic interneurons and microglia. By contrast, we find that AKT2 is the sole isoform expressed in astroglia and is not detected in other neural cell types. We find that AKT3 is expressed in excitatory neurons with AKT1 but shows greater expression levels in dendritic compartments than AKT1. We extend our analysis to human brain tissues and find similar results. Using genetic deletion approaches, we also find that the cellular determinants restricting AKT isoform expression to specific cell types remain intact under Akt deficiency conditions. Because AKT signaling is linked to numerous neurological disorders, a greater understanding of cell-specific isoform expression could improve treatment strategies involving AKT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josien Levenga
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Helen Wong
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Ryan Milstead
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA.,Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Lauren LaPlante
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Charles A Hoeffer
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA.,Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA.,Linda Crnic Institute, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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7
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Vanderplow AM, Eagle AL, Kermath BA, Bjornson KJ, Robison AJ, Cahill ME. Akt-mTOR hypoactivity in bipolar disorder gives rise to cognitive impairments associated with altered neuronal structure and function. Neuron 2021; 109:1479-1496.e6. [PMID: 33765445 PMCID: PMC8105282 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The Akt family of kinases exerts many of its cellular effects via the activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase through a series of intermediary proteins. Multiple lines of evidence have identified Akt-family kinases as candidate schizophrenia and bipolar disorder genes. Although dysfunction of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is a key feature of both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, no studies have comprehensively assessed potential alterations in Akt-mTOR pathway activity in the PFC of either disorder. Here, we examined the activity and expression profile of key proteins in the Akt-mTOR pathway in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia homogenates from two different PFC subregions. Our findings identify reduced Akt-mTOR PFC signaling in a subset of bipolar disorder subjects. Using a reverse-translational approach, we demonstrated that Akt hypofunction in the PFC is sufficient to give rise to key cognitive phenotypes that are paralleled by alterations in synaptic connectivity and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Vanderplow
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Andrew L Eagle
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Bailey A Kermath
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Kathryn J Bjornson
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Alfred J Robison
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Michael E Cahill
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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8
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Wong H, Levenga J, LaPlante L, Keller B, Cooper-Sansone A, Borski C, Milstead R, Ehringer M, Hoeffer C. Isoform-specific roles for AKT in affective behavior, spatial memory, and extinction related to psychiatric disorders. eLife 2020; 9:e56630. [PMID: 33325370 PMCID: PMC7787664 DOI: 10.7554/elife.56630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AKT is implicated in neurological disorders. AKT has three isoforms, AKT1/AKT2/AKT3, with brain cell type-specific expression that may differentially influence behavior. Therefore, we examined single Akt isoform, conditional brain-specific Akt1, and double Akt1/3 mutant mice in behaviors relevant to neuropsychiatric disorders. Because sex is a determinant of these disorders but poorly understood, sex was an experimental variable in our design. Our studies revealed AKT isoform- and sex-specific effects on anxiety, spatial and contextual memory, and fear extinction. In Akt1 mutant males, viral-mediated AKT1 restoration in the prefrontal cortex rescued extinction phenotypes. We identified a novel role for AKT2 and overlapping roles for AKT1 and AKT3 in long-term memory. Finally, we found that sex-specific behavior effects were not mediated by AKT expression or activation differences between sexes. These results highlight sex as a biological variable and isoform- or cell type-specific AKT signaling as potential targets for improving treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Wong
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States
| | - Josien Levenga
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States
- Linda Crnic Institute, Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, United States
| | - Lauren LaPlante
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States
| | - Bailey Keller
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States
| | | | - Curtis Borski
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States
| | - Ryan Milstead
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States
| | - Marissa Ehringer
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States
| | - Charles Hoeffer
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States
- Linda Crnic Institute, Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, United States
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States
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9
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The biology of aggressive behavior in bipolar disorder: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 119:9-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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10
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Fatjó-Vilas M, Soler J, Ibáñez MI, Moya-Higueras J, Ortet G, Guardiola-Ripoll M, Fañanás L, Arias B. The effect of the AKT1 gene and cannabis use on cognitive performance in healthy subjects. J Psychopharmacol 2020; 34:990-998. [PMID: 32536252 DOI: 10.1177/0269881120928179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that the AKT1 gene may modulate the degree to which cannabis use induces cognitive alterations in patients with a psychotic disorder. AIM To examine the interplay between AKT1 and cannabis use in terms of the cognitive performance of the general population. METHODS Our sample consisted of 389 Spanish university students. Sustained attention was measured via the Continuous Performance Test-Identical Pairs, immediate and delayed verbal memory with the Logical Memory subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale, and working memory with the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. Lifetime cannabis use frequency was assessed and individuals were classified as cannabis users or non-users. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms of the AKT1 gene were genotyped and, according to previous studies, each subject was defined as a carrier of two, one or no copies of the haplotype (rs2494732(C)-rs1130233(A)). Multiple linear regressions were conducted to test the effect of the genetic variability and cannabis use (and their interaction) on cognitive performance. RESULTS An effect of the AKT1 haplotype was found on attention scores: individuals with two copies of the haplotype performed better (β=0.18, p<0.001 (adjusted for false discovery rate)), while neither cannabis nor the AKT1-cannabis interaction was associated with attention. No effect of AKT1, cannabis or the AKT1-cannabis interaction was found on verbal memory or working memory. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides additional evidence that AKT1 modulates cognitive performance. However, in our non-clinical sample, the previously reported interaction between cannabis use and the AKT1 gene was not replicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fatjó-Vilas
- FIDMAG Sisters Hospitallers Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedicine Institute of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Spain.,Mental Health Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Soler
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedicine Institute of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Spain
| | - M I Ibáñez
- Mental Health Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University Jaume I, Castelló, Spain
| | - J Moya-Higueras
- Mental Health Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Psychology and Social Work, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - G Ortet
- Mental Health Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University Jaume I, Castelló, Spain
| | - M Guardiola-Ripoll
- FIDMAG Sisters Hospitallers Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.,Mental Health Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Fañanás
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedicine Institute of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Spain.,Mental Health Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - B Arias
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedicine Institute of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Spain.,Mental Health Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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11
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Saravani M, Shahraki-Ghadimi H, Maruei-Milan R, Mehrabani M, Mirzamohammadi S, Nematollahi MH. Effects of the mTOR and AKT genes polymorphisms on systemic lupus erythematosus risk. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:3551-3556. [PMID: 32319007 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05446-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease, leading to inflammatory response and systemic consequences. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a therapeutic target for autoimmune diseases like SLE. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the mTOR rs2295080 and rs2536 polymorphisms and AKT1 rs2494732 gene polymorphism on SLE development. 2 ml of peripheral blood was collected from 165 SLE patients and 170 controls in EDTA-containing tubes. The salting-out and PCR-RFLP methods were used for DNA extraction and genotype analysis, respectively. Based on the regression analysis, the frequency of TT genotype of mTOR rs2295080 polymorphism was significantly higher in the case group than that of the control group, with a 2.6-fold increased risk of SLE. There was also a significant difference between the two groups in terms of allelic distribution. No statistically significant association was found between The AKT1 rs2494732 and mTOR rs2536 polymorphisms and SLE development. Our results showed that the TT genotype and T allele of mTOR rs2295080 polymorphism were risk factors for developing SLE. However, there was no significant association between mTOR rs2536 and AKT1 rs2494732 polymorphisms and the SLE risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Saravani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Hossein Shahraki-Ghadimi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.,Bioinformatics and Computational Omics Lab (BioCOOL), Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rostam Maruei-Milan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mehrnaz Mehrabani
- School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Solmaz Mirzamohammadi
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hadi Nematollahi
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. .,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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12
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Moreira J, Noé G, Rangarajan S, Courtin C, Etain B, Geoffroy PA, Laplanche JL, Vidal M, Bellivier F, Marie-Claire C. Lithium effects on serine-threonine kinases activity: High throughput kinomic profiling of lymphoblastoid cell lines from excellent-responders and non-responders bipolar patients. World J Biol Psychiatry 2020; 21:317-324. [PMID: 29893160 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2018.1487078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Lithium is the leading mood stabiliser for maintenance treatment in bipolar disorder (BD). However, response to lithium is heterogeneous with more than 60% of patients experiencing partial or no response. In vitro and in vivo molecular studies have reported the implication of kinases in the pathophysiology of BD.Methods: Since kinases are putative targets for lithium therapeutic action, we conducted the first pilot study using kinase array technology to evaluate the global serine/threonine kinases (STK) profiles in cell lines from BD I subtype patients classified as lithium excellent-responders (ER) and non-responder (NR) to lithium treatment.Results: We found significant differences in the basal STK profiles between ER and NR to lithium. We also tested lithium influence on the global STK profile and found no significant difference between ER vs NR cell lines.Conclusions: The results obtained in this exploratory study suggest that multiplex kinase activity profiling could provide a complementary approach in the study of biomarkers of therapeutic response in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeverson Moreira
- Variabilité de réponse aux psychotropes, INSERM U1144/Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Gaëlle Noé
- AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Biologie du medicament-Toxicologie, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,UMR8638 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Cindie Courtin
- Variabilité de réponse aux psychotropes, INSERM U1144/Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Etain
- Variabilité de réponse aux psychotropes, INSERM U1144/Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis - Lariboisière - F. Widal, Pôle de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Paris, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Pierre A Geoffroy
- Variabilité de réponse aux psychotropes, INSERM U1144/Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis - Lariboisière - F. Widal, Pôle de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Paris, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Jean-Louis Laplanche
- Variabilité de réponse aux psychotropes, INSERM U1144/Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Département de Biochimie and Biologie moléculaire, AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis - Lariboisière - F. Widal, Paris, France
| | - Michel Vidal
- AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Biologie du medicament-Toxicologie, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,UMR8638 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Frank Bellivier
- Variabilité de réponse aux psychotropes, INSERM U1144/Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis - Lariboisière - F. Widal, Pôle de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Paris, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Cynthia Marie-Claire
- Variabilité de réponse aux psychotropes, INSERM U1144/Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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13
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Millischer V, Matheson GJ, Martinsson L, Römer Ek I, Schalling M, Lavebratt C, Backlund L. AKT1 and genetic vulnerability to bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Res 2020; 284:112677. [PMID: 31810747 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AKT1 encodes a serine/threonine kinase that has as one of its best-known substrates glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3), a primary target for lithium. AKT1 has been previously been implicated as a vulnerability gene for bipolar disorder (BD). We aimed to associate genetic variants in the AKT1 gene with subgroups of BD. BD patients from a Swedish cohort (N = 831) were phenotyped in regards to their psychotic episodes according to mood-congruence in depression and manias, and compared to controls (N = 1,496). All participants were genotyped for SNPs in AKT1 previously implicated to have a role: rs3730358, rs1130214 and rs3803300. None of the effects reported in earlier studies were statistically significant, including the association between rs3803300 and BD without any psychotic symptoms, rs3803300 and mood-congruent psychosis, rs3803300 and the combined groups, as well as the association between the haplotypes formed by rs3730358 and rs1130214 and risk for BD. In a Bayesian analysis, all Bayes' Factors using default priors supported the null hypothesis in the replication set by a factor of between 5 and 1300 times. Analysis of genome wide association data did not reveal any association between BD and the AKT1 region. We conclude AKT1 is less likely to be a vulnerability gene in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Millischer
- Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Granville J Matheson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Psychiatric Research and Education, Stockholm City Council, Sweden
| | - Lina Martinsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Psychiatric Research and Education, Stockholm City Council, Sweden
| | - Inger Römer Ek
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Psychiatric Research and Education, Stockholm City Council, Sweden
| | - Martin Schalling
- Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Catharina Lavebratt
- Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena Backlund
- Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Psychiatric Research and Education, Stockholm City Council, Sweden
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14
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Trotta A, Iyegbe C, Yiend J, Dazzan P, David AS, Pariante C, Mondelli V, Colizzi M, Murray RM, Di Forti M, Fisher HL. Interaction between childhood adversity and functional polymorphisms in the dopamine pathway on first-episode psychosis. Schizophr Res 2019; 205:51-57. [PMID: 29653893 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is consistent evidence of a cumulative relationship between childhood adversity and psychosis, with number of adversities experienced increasing the probability of psychosis onset. It is possible that genetic factors moderate the association between childhood adversity and psychosis, potentially by influencing how an individual reacts biologically and/or psychologically following exposure to adversity, in such a way as to set them off on the path to psychosis. However, identifying the specific genetic variants involved and how they interact with childhood adversity remains challenging. We examined whether the association between cumulative exposure to childhood adversity and development of psychotic disorder was moderated by the COMT Val158Met, AKT1 rs2494732 or DRD2 rs1076560 polymorphisms, known to affect dopamine levels. METHODS Participants were 285 first-presentation psychosis cases and 256 geographically-matched controls drawn from the Genetics and Psychosis (GAP) study. Childhood adversity was assessed using the Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse Questionnaire (CECA.Q) and blood- and cheek-derived genotype data were collected. RESULTS Our findings revealed no main effect of COMT Val158Met, AKT1 rs2494732 and DRD2 rs1076560 polymorphisms on psychosis case status or reports of childhood adversity. Individuals reporting a history of multiple adversities were more likely to be psychosis patients than controls, regardless of their genetic risk. There was no evidence of candidate genotype by childhood adversity interactions in relation to psychosis onset. CONCLUSION These findings did not provide evidence of a possible role of COMT Val158Met, AKT1 rs2494732 or DRD2 rs1076560 genotypes in modifying the association between childhood adversity and onset of psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Trotta
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Heather Close Rehabilitation Service, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Conrad Iyegbe
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jenny Yiend
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Paola Dazzan
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Anthony S David
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Carmine Pariante
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK; Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Valeria Mondelli
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK; Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Marco Colizzi
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Robin M Murray
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Marta Di Forti
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Helen L Fisher
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
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15
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Cheng CM, Chang WH, Chen MH, Tsai CF, Su TP, Li CT, Tsai SJ, Hsu JW, Huang KL, Lin WC, Chen TJ, Bai YM. Co-aggregation of major psychiatric disorders in individuals with first-degree relatives with schizophrenia: a nationwide population-based study. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:1756-1763. [PMID: 29112198 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A previous genetic study has suggested that schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) share common disease-associated genes. However, whether individuals with first-degree relatives (FDRs) with schizophrenia have a higher risk of these major psychiatric disorders requires further investigation. This study used Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database and identified 151 650 patients with schizophrenia and 227 967 individuals with FDRs with schizophrenia. The relative risks (RRs) of schizophrenia and other major psychiatric disorders were assessed in individuals with FDRs with schizophrenia. The individuals with FDRs with schizophrenia exhibited higher RRs (95% confidence interval) of major psychiatric disorders, namely schizophrenia (4.76, 4.65-4.88), bipolar disorder (3.23, 3.12-3.35), major depressive disorder (2.05, 2.00-2.10), ASD (2.55, 2.35-2.77) and ADHD (1.31, 1.25-1.37) than were found in the total population. Several sensitivity analyses were conducted to confirm these results. A dose-dependent relationship was observed between the risks of major psychiatric disorders and the numbers of FDRs with schizophrenia. The increased risks of major psychiatric disorders were consistent in different family relationships, namely among parents, offspring, siblings and twins. Our study supports the familial dose-dependent co-aggregation of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, ASD and ADHD, and our results may prompt governmental public health departments and psychiatrists to focus on the mental health of individuals with FDRs with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-M Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - W-H Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Statistics National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - M-H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - C-F Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - T-P Su
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-T Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - S-J Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - J-W Hsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - K-L Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - W-C Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - T-J Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-M Bai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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16
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Ryskalin L, Limanaqi F, Frati A, Busceti CL, Fornai F. mTOR-Related Brain Dysfunctions in Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082226. [PMID: 30061532 PMCID: PMC6121884 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an ubiquitously expressed serine-threonine kinase, which senses and integrates several intracellular and environmental cues to orchestrate major processes such as cell growth and metabolism. Altered mTOR signalling is associated with brain malformation and neurological disorders. Emerging evidence indicates that even subtle defects in the mTOR pathway may produce severe effects, which are evident as neurological and psychiatric disorders. On the other hand, administration of mTOR inhibitors may be beneficial for a variety of neuropsychiatric alterations encompassing neurodegeneration, brain tumors, brain ischemia, epilepsy, autism, mood disorders, drugs of abuse, and schizophrenia. mTOR has been widely implicated in synaptic plasticity and autophagy activation. This review addresses the role of mTOR-dependent autophagy dysfunction in a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders, to focus mainly on psychiatric syndromes including schizophrenia and drug addiction. For instance, amphetamines-induced addiction fairly overlaps with some neuropsychiatric disorders including neurodegeneration and schizophrenia. For this reason, in the present review, a special emphasis is placed on the role of mTOR on methamphetamine-induced brain alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Ryskalin
- Human Anatomy, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Fiona Limanaqi
- Human Anatomy, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | | | | | - Francesco Fornai
- Human Anatomy, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
- I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, 86077 Isernia, Italy.
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17
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Takaki M, Kodama M, Mizuki Y, Kawai H, Yoshimura B, Kishimoto M, Sakamoto S, Okahisa Y, Yamada N. Effects of the antipsychotics haloperidol, clozapine, and aripiprazole on the dendritic spine. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2018; 28:610-619. [PMID: 29571966 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Three types of antipsychotics, typical (e.g. haloperidol), atypical (e.g. clozapine), and dopamine partial agonist (e.g. aripiprazole), are administered for treatment of schizophrenia. These antipsychotics have different efficacy and side-effect profiles. We investigated whether aripiprazole, clozapine, and haloperidol differentially regulate the dendritic spine through the AKT-GSK-3 beta cascade. Dissociated cortical neurons from Sprague-Dawley rats were prepared and cultured for 28 days. Aripiprazole, clozapine, or haloperidol was administered to the rat cortical neurons. The levels of PSD95 protein and AKT-GSK-3 beta cascade-related proteins were investigated by Western blot. The number of spines and PSD95 puncta were investigated by immunofluorescence cell staining. Aripiprazole (1 µM or 10 µM) and clozapine (1 µM) increased the levels of PSD95 protein, the number of spines, phosphorylated Akt Thr308 and Ser473, and phosphorylated GSK-3 beta Ser9. On the other hand, haloperidol (1 µM or 10 µM) or an inappropriate concentration of clozapine (10 µM) decreased them. A GSK inhibitor also increased the levels of PSD-95 protein and caused the same morphology. Aripiprazole, clozapine, and haloperidol differentially regulate the dendritic spine, and this effect may occur through the AKT-GSK-3 beta cascade. Selection and appropriate dose of these antipsychotics may be important for the protection of dendritic spines in patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Takaki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Masafumi Kodama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yutaka Mizuki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kawai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Bunta Yoshimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Makiko Kishimoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shinji Sakamoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yuko Okahisa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Norihito Yamada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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18
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Fries GR, Colpo GD, Monroy-Jaramillo N, Zhao J, Zhao Z, Arnold JG, Bowden CL, Walss-Bass C. Distinct lithium-induced gene expression effects in lymphoblastoid cell lines from patients with bipolar disorder. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2017; 27:1110-1119. [PMID: 28939162 PMCID: PMC5685885 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lithium is the most commonly prescribed medication for the treatment of bipolar disorder (BD), yet the mechanisms underlying its beneficial effects are still unclear. We aimed to compare the effects of lithium treatment in lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) from BD patients and controls. LCLs were generated from sixty-two BD patients (based on DSM-IV) and seventeen healthy controls matched for age, sex, and ethnicity. Patients were recruited from outpatient clinics from February 2012 to October 2014. LCLs were treated with 1mM lithium for 7 days followed by microarray gene expression assay and validation by real-time quantitative PCR. Baseline differences between groups, as well as differences between vehicle- and lithium-treated cells within each group were analyzed. The biological significance of differentially expressed genes was examined by pathway enrichment analysis. No significant differences in baseline gene expression (adjusted p-value < 0.05) were detected between groups. Lithium treatment of LCLs from controls did not lead to any significant differences. However, lithium altered the expression of 236 genes in LCLs from patients; those genes were enriched for signaling pathways related to apoptosis. Among those genes, the alterations in the expression of PIK3CG, SERP1 and UPP1 were validated by real-time PCR. A significant correlation was also found between circadian functioning and CEBPG and FGF2 expression levels. In summary, our results suggest that lithium treatment induces expression changes in genes associated with the apoptosis pathway in BD LCLs. The more pronounced effects of lithium in patients compared to controls suggest a disease-specific effect of this drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel R Fries
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States
| | - Gabriela D Colpo
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States
| | - Nancy Monroy-Jaramillo
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States; Department of Genetics, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Manuel Velasco Suárez, Insurgentes Sur 3877 Col. La Fama, Tlalpan, C.P. 14269 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Junfei Zhao
- Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine Laboratory (BSML), Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 7000 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine Laboratory (BSML), Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 7000 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, United States; Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1200 Pressler Street, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Jodi G Arnold
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, United States
| | - Charles L Bowden
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, United States
| | - Consuelo Walss-Bass
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, United States.
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19
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Doan NT, Kaufmann T, Bettella F, Jørgensen KN, Brandt CL, Moberget T, Alnæs D, Douaud G, Duff E, Djurovic S, Melle I, Ueland T, Agartz I, Andreassen OA, Westlye LT. Distinct multivariate brain morphological patterns and their added predictive value with cognitive and polygenic risk scores in mental disorders. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2017; 15:719-731. [PMID: 28702349 PMCID: PMC5491456 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The brain underpinnings of schizophrenia and bipolar disorders are multidimensional, reflecting complex pathological processes and causal pathways, requiring multivariate techniques to disentangle. Furthermore, little is known about the complementary clinical value of brain structural phenotypes when combined with data on cognitive performance and genetic risk. Using data-driven fusion of cortical thickness, surface area, and gray matter density maps (GMD), we found six biologically meaningful patterns showing strong group effects, including four statistically independent multimodal patterns reflecting co-occurring alterations in thickness and GMD in patients, over and above two other independent patterns of widespread thickness and area reduction. Case-control classification using cognitive scores alone revealed high accuracy, and adding imaging features or polygenic risk scores increased performance, suggesting their complementary predictive value with cognitive scores being the most sensitive features. Multivariate pattern analyses reveal distinct patterns of brain morphology in mental disorders, provide insights on the relative importance between brain structure, cognitive and polygenetic risk score in classification of patients, and demonstrate the importance of multivariate approaches in studying the pathophysiological substrate of these complex disorders. Linked ICA showed six independent multivariate morphology patterns sensitive to SZ. Machine learning used to compare brain structure, cognitive and genetic scores. Cognition showed highest prediction of SZ, boosted by brain structure or genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhat Trung Doan
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
| | - Tobias Kaufmann
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bettella
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetil Nordbø Jørgensen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christine Lycke Brandt
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Torgeir Moberget
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag Alnæs
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Gwenaëlle Douaud
- FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Eugene Duff
- FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Torill Ueland
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T Westlye
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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20
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Shahjouei S, Ansari S, Pourmotabbed T, Zand R. Potential Roles of Adropin in Central Nervous System: Review of Current Literature. Front Mol Biosci 2016; 3:25. [PMID: 27446928 PMCID: PMC4921473 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2016.00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Adropin is a 4.9 kDa peptide that is important for maintenance of metabolic and non-metabolic homeostasis. It regulates glucose and fatty acid metabolism and is involved in endothelial cell function and endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase bioactivity as well as physical activity and motor coordination. Adropin is expressed in many tissues and organs including central nervous system (CNS). This peptide plays a crucial role in the development of various CNS disorders such as stroke, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder as well as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases. In this comprehensive review, the potential roles of adropin in cellular signaling pathways that lead to pathogenesis and/or treatment of CNS disorders will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Shahjouei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Ansari
- Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Tayebeh Pourmotabbed
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Ramin Zand
- Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphis, TN, USA; Biocomplexity Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburg, VA, USA
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21
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Liu SY, Zhao HD, Wang JL, Huang T, Tian HW, Yao LF, Tao H, Chen ZW, Wang CY, Sheng ST, Li H, Zhao B, Li KS. Association between Polymorphisms of the AKT1 Gene Promoter and Risk of the Alzheimer's Disease in a Chinese Han Population with Type 2 Diabetes. CNS Neurosci Ther 2015; 21:619-25. [PMID: 26178916 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactor disease that has been reported to have a close association with type 2 diabetes (T2D) where the v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 (AKT1) plays an important role in the protein synthesis pathways and cell apoptosis processes. Evidence has been shown that AKT1 protein may be related to AD risk among patients with T2D. The aim of this study was to analyze the potential association between single nucleotide polymorphisms of AKT1 promoter and the risk of AD among patients with T2D. METHODS The association between AKT1 polymorphisms and AD risk in patients with T2D was assessed among 574 consecutive unrelated subjects including 112 AD patients with T2D, 231 patients with AD, and 231 healthy controls in a case-control study. The cognitive function of all subjects was assessed using MMSE. Six single nucleotide polymorphisms with minor allele frequency >0.2 (rs2498786, rs74090038, rs2494750, rs2494751, rs5811155, and rs2494752) in AKT1 promoter were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the concentration of AKT1 protein in serum was tested using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Overall, there was statistically significant difference in AKT1 rs2498786 polymorphism. The CC frequency of AKT1 rs2498786 polymorphism in AD with T2D group and AD control group was significantly higher than that in healthy control group (PAD+T2D vs. health < 0.0001, PAD vs. health < 0.0001). However, the difference was not found between AD with T2D group and AD control group. Compared with healthy control group, the plasma levels of AKT1 protein in AD with T2D group (PAD+T2D vs. health < 0.0001) and AD control group (PAD vs. health = 0.0003) decreased significantly. Among genotypes of AKT1 rs2498786 polymorphism, the AKT1 protein level in GG genotype was significantly higher than that in GC genotype (PGG vs. GC < 0.0001) and CC genotype (PGG vs. CC < 0.0001). CONCLUSION The study suggests that AKT1 rs2498786 polymorphism in insulin signaling pathway may be associated with AD risk and different genotypes may affects levels of protein expression. However, the polymorphism is not shown to be exclusive in AD patients with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aging-related cardio-cerebral Diseases of Guangdong Province, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Chronic Noncommunicable Disease Control, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - He-Dan Zhao
- Department of Clinical Psychology, The Kangci Hospital, Jiaxing, China
| | - Jin-Long Wang
- Department of Clinical Psychology, The Kangci Hospital, Jiaxing, China
| | - Tong Huang
- Community Health Service Center of Nanyou, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hua-Wei Tian
- Department of Prevention and Health, The Futian People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li-Fen Yao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hua Tao
- Key Laboratory of Aging-related cardio-cerebral Diseases of Guangdong Province, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhong-Wei Chen
- Department of Chronic Noncommunicable Disease Control, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chang-Yi Wang
- Department of Chronic Noncommunicable Disease Control, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Si-Tong Sheng
- College of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hua Li
- HYK High-throughput Biotechnology Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Institute of Neurology, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ke-Shen Li
- Key Laboratory of Aging-related cardio-cerebral Diseases of Guangdong Province, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China
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22
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Zhao Z, Xu J, Chen J, Kim S, Reimers M, Bacanu SA, Yu H, Liu C, Sun J, Wang Q, Jia P, Xu F, Zhang Y, Kendler KS, Peng Z, Chen X. Transcriptome sequencing and genome-wide association analyses reveal lysosomal function and actin cytoskeleton remodeling in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Mol Psychiatry 2015; 20:563-572. [PMID: 25113377 PMCID: PMC4326626 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2014.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BPD) are severe mental disorders with high heritability. Clinicians have long noticed the similarities of clinic symptoms between these disorders. In recent years, accumulating evidence indicates some shared genetic liabilities. However, what is shared remains elusive. In this study, we conducted whole transcriptome analysis of post-mortem brain tissues (cingulate cortex) from SCZ, BPD and control subjects, and identified differentially expressed genes in these disorders. We found 105 and 153 genes differentially expressed in SCZ and BPD, respectively. By comparing the t-test scores, we found that many of the genes differentially expressed in SCZ and BPD are concordant in their expression level (q⩽0.01, 53 genes; q⩽0.05, 213 genes; q⩽0.1, 885 genes). Using genome-wide association data from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, we found that these differentially and concordantly expressed genes were enriched in association signals for both SCZ (P<10(-7)) and BPD (P=0.029). To our knowledge, this is the first time that a substantially large number of genes show concordant expression and association for both SCZ and BPD. Pathway analyses of these genes indicated that they are involved in the lysosome, Fc gamma receptor-mediated phagocytosis, regulation of actin cytoskeleton pathways, along with several cancer pathways. Functional analyses of these genes revealed an interconnected pathway network centered on lysosomal function and the regulation of actin cytoskeleton. These pathways and their interacting network were principally confirmed by an independent transcriptome sequencing data set of the hippocampus. Dysregulation of lysosomal function and cytoskeleton remodeling has direct impacts on endocytosis, phagocytosis, exocytosis, vesicle trafficking, neuronal maturation and migration, neurite outgrowth and synaptic density and plasticity, and different aspects of these processes have been implicated in SCZ and BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongming Zhao
- Departments of Biomedical Informatics and Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jiabao Xu
- Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518083, China
| | - Jingchun Chen
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Sanghyeon Kim
- Stanley Laboratory of Brain Research, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Mark Reimers
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Silviu-Alin Bacanu
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Hui Yu
- Departments of Biomedical Informatics and Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jingchun Sun
- Departments of Biomedical Informatics and Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Quan Wang
- Departments of Biomedical Informatics and Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Peilin Jia
- Departments of Biomedical Informatics and Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Fengping Xu
- Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518083, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518083, China
| | - Kenneth S. Kendler
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Zhiyu Peng
- Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518083, China
| | - Xiangning Chen
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
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23
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Machado-Vieira R, Zanetti MV, Teixeira AL, Uno M, Valiengo LL, Soeiro-de-Souza MG, Oba-Shinjo SM, de Sousa RT, Zarate CA, Gattaz WF, Marie SKN. Decreased AKT1/mTOR pathway mRNA expression in short-term bipolar disorder. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2015; 25:468-73. [PMID: 25726893 PMCID: PMC5863235 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2015.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Strong evidence implicates intracellular signaling cascades dysfunction in the pathophysiology of Bipolar Disorder (BD). Regulation of AKT/mTOR pathway is a critical signaling pathway in synaptic neurotransmission and plasticity, also modulating cell proliferation and migration. Gene expression of the AKT/mTOR pathway was assessed in 25 BD (DSM-IV-TR criteria) unmedicated depressed individuals at baseline and after 6 weeks of lithium therapy and 31 matched healthy controls. Decreases in blood AKT1 and mTOR mRNA expression, as well as in BAD/BCL-2 expression ratio were observed in short-term BD patients during depressive episodes in comparison to healthy controls. There was no significant change in the expression of AKT1, mTOR, BCL-2, BAD and NDUFA6 after lithium therapy in the total group of BD subjects. However, the changes in AKT1 expression after lithium treatment were positively correlated with depression improvement. An integrated activity within this pathway was observed at both baseline and post-treatment. The present results support an integrated AKT/mTOR signaling pathway activity in a similar fashion to the described in previous human postmortem and rodents brain studies. Overall, the results reinforce a role for AKT1 and mTOR in the pathophysiology of BD and support the relevance of blood mRNA expression as a valid surrogate biological source to study brain intracellular signaling cascades changes and convergent molecular pathways in psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Machado-Vieira
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, LIM- 27, Institute and Department of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of Sao Paulo, Brazil; Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States.
| | - Marcus V Zanetti
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, LIM- 27, Institute and Department of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio L Teixeira
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Miyuki Uno
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Neurology, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro L Valiengo
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, LIM- 27, Institute and Department of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Sueli M Oba-Shinjo
- Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Rafael T de Sousa
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, LIM- 27, Institute and Department of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Zarate
- Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Wagner F Gattaz
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, LIM- 27, Institute and Department of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil; Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA), University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Suely K N Marie
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Neurology, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Temperament and prodromal symptoms prior to first manic/hypomanic episodes: results from a pilot study. J Affect Disord 2015; 173:39-44. [PMID: 25462394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prodromal symptoms prior to first episode mania/hypomania have been reported. However, the relationship between temperament and manic/hypomanic prodromal symptoms has not been investigated. We hypothesized that subjects scoring higher on cyclothymic and irritable temperament scales show more manic/hypomanic prodromal symptoms. METHOD Euthymic patients diagnosed with bipolar-I or -II disorder within 8 years underwent retrospective assessments with the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego-autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A) and the Bipolar Prodrome Symptom Scale-Retrospective (BPSS-R). RESULTS Among 39 subjects (36.1 ± 9.9 years, females = 59%, bipolar-I = 62%) 100% and 92.3% reported subthreshold mania (mean = 7.4 ± 2.9) or subthreshold depressive symptoms (mean = 2.4 ± 1.5), and 87.2% and 43.6% reported general psychopathology (mean = 3.2 ± 2.0) or subthreshold psychotic symptoms (mean = 0.7 ± 1.0) prior to their first hypo-/manic episode. Subjects with higher cyclothymic and irritable temperament scores showed more subthreshold symptoms prior to the first manic/hypomanic episode, mainly subthreshold hypo-/manic symptoms (cyclothymic temperament r = 0.430; p = 0.006; irritable temperament r = 0.330; p = 0.040), general psychopathology symptoms (cyclothymic temperament r = 0.316; p = 0.05; irritable temperament r = 0.349; p = 0.029) and subthreshold psychotic symptoms (cyclothymic temperament r = 0.413; p = 0.009). In regression analyses, cyclothymic temperament explained 16.1% and 12.5% of the variance of the BPSS-R total score (p = 0.045) and psychosis subscore (p = 0.029). LIMITATIONS Retrospective study, no control group, small sample size. CONCLUSION We present data, which indicate a relationship between cyclothymic and irritable temperament and prodromal symptoms prior to the first manic/hypomanic episode. These findings support the notion that assessing cyclothymic temperament to identify people at-risk of developing bipolar-I and -II disorder may help to increase the predictive validity of applied at-risk criteria.
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25
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Bruenig D, White MJ, Young RM, Voisey J. Subclinical psychotic experiences in healthy young adults: associations with stress and genetic predisposition. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2014; 18:683-9. [PMID: 25184405 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2014.0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress has been identified as a common trigger for psychosis. Dopamine pathways are suggested to be affected by chronic and severe stress and to play an important role in psychosis. This pilot study investigates the potential relationship of stress and psychosis in subclinical psychotic experiences. It was hypothesized that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously found to be associated with psychiatric disorders would be associated with both stress and subclinical psychotic experiences. University students (N=182) were genotyped for 17 SNPs across 11 genes. Higher stress reporting was associated with rs4680 COMT, rs13211507 HLA region, and rs13107325 SLC39A8. Reports of higher subclinical psychotic experiences were associated with DRD2 SNPs rs17601612 and rs658986 and an AKT1 SNP rs2494732. Replication studies are recommended to further pursue this line of research for identification of markers of psychosis for early diagnosis and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar Bruenig
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology , Kelvin Grove, Australia
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26
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Wang Y, Lin L, Xu H, Li T, Zhou Y, Dan H, Jiang L, Liao G, Zhou M, Li L, Zeng X, Li J, Chen Q. Genetic variants in AKT1 gene were associated with risk and survival of OSCC in Chinese Han Population. J Oral Pathol Med 2014; 44:45-50. [PMID: 25060489 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AKT1 is an important downstream effector of PTEN/PI3K/AKT signal transduction pathway. Aberrant expression and genetic variant of AKT1 gene are suggested to be involved in several types of human cancers, including OSCC. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible association between AKT1 gene polymorphisms and OSCC in Chinese Han Population. METHODS A total of 182 OSCC patients and 207 cancer-free controls were enrolled for this hospital-based study. Five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on AKT1 (rs1130214, rs1130233, rs2494732, rs3730358, rs3803300) were investigated and genotyped by Sequenom Mass ARRAY & iPLEX-MALDI-TOF technology. Chi-square test, SHEsis software, and Kaplan-Meier method were used to evaluate the relationship between selected SNPs and OSCC susceptibility and progression. RESULTS Significant difference of genotype distribution was observed between cases and control group at SNP sites rs1130214 (P = 0.006) and rs3803300 (P = 0.033, P = 0.003 for heterozygote and homozygous mutant, respectively). In the haplotype analysis, haplotype H4 which contained mutant-type allele of rs1130214 and rs3803300 was also related to OSCC risk (OR = 1.974, 95% CI = 1.048-3.718). Moreover, CT genotype of rs3730358 was associated with higher risk of OSCC progression (HR = 2.466, 95% CI = 1.017-5.981). CONCLUSION Our results indicated that rs1130214 and rs3803300 were related to OSCC susceptibility in Chinese Han Population. In addition, rs3730358 might be associated with progression-free survival time of OSCC patients, suggesting that this SNP could be a potential prognosis marker for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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27
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Arango C, Fraguas D, Parellada M. Differential neurodevelopmental trajectories in patients with early-onset bipolar and schizophrenia disorders. Schizophr Bull 2014; 40 Suppl 2:S138-46. [PMID: 24371326 PMCID: PMC3934406 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbt198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia and bipolar disorders share not only clinical features but also some risk factors such as genetic markers and childhood adversity, while other risk factors such as urbanicity and obstetric complications seem to be specific to schizophrenia. An intriguing question is whether the well-established abnormal neurodevelopment present in many children and adolescents who eventually develop schizophrenia is also present in bipolar patients. The literature on adult bipolar patients is controversial. We report data on a subgroup of patients with pediatric-onset psychotic bipolar disorder who seem to share some developmental trajectories with patients with early-onset schizophrenia. These early-onset psychotic bipolar patients have low intelligence quotient, more neurological signs, reduced frontal gray matter at the time of their first psychotic episode, and greater brain changes than healthy controls in a pattern similar to early-onset schizophrenia cases. However, patients with early-onset schizophrenia seem to have more social impairment, developmental abnormalities (eg, language problems), and lower academic achievement in childhood than early-onset bipolar patients. We suggest that some of these abnormal developmental trajectories are more related to the phenotypic features (eg, early-onset psychotic symptoms) of these 2 syndromes than to categorically defined Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celso Arango
- *To whom correspondence should be addressed; Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Ibiza 43, 28009 Madrid, Spain; tel: 34-914265006; fax: 34-91426004, e-mail:
| | - David Fraguas
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mara Parellada
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
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28
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Money KM, Stanwood GD. Developmental origins of brain disorders: roles for dopamine. Front Cell Neurosci 2013; 7:260. [PMID: 24391541 PMCID: PMC3867667 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2013.00260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurotransmitters and neuromodulators, such as dopamine, participate in a wide range of behavioral and cognitive functions in the adult brain, including movement, cognition, and reward. Dopamine-mediated signaling plays a fundamental neurodevelopmental role in forebrain differentiation and circuit formation. These developmental effects, such as modulation of neuronal migration and dendritic growth, occur before synaptogenesis and demonstrate novel roles for dopaminergic signaling beyond neuromodulation at the synapse. Pharmacologic and genetic disruptions demonstrate that these effects are brain region- and receptor subtype-specific. For example, the striatum and frontal cortex exhibit abnormal neuronal structure and function following prenatal disruption of dopamine receptor signaling. Alterations in these processes are implicated in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders, and emerging studies of neurodevelopmental disruptions may shed light on the pathophysiology of abnormal neuronal circuitry in neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelli M Money
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Vanderbilt University Nashville, TN, USA ; Vanderbilt Medical Scientist Training Program, Vanderbilt University Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Gregg D Stanwood
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Nashville, TN, USA ; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University Nashville, TN, USA
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29
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Loh HC, Chow TJ, Tang PY, Yong HS. No association between AKT1 gene variants and schizophrenia: a Malaysian case-control study and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res 2013; 209:732-3. [PMID: 23747160 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2013.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Revised: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We aim to replicate AKT1 gene variants studies using Malaysian samples. Seven AKT1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were studied in 417 patients and 429 controls. Haplotype showed significant association (p=0.036) with schizophrenia, especially in Malays and Indians. Meta-analysis of rs2494732 showed significant association worldwide (p=0.018) and in Asians (p=0.023).
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Chern Loh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science (FES), Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Jalan Genting Kelang, Setapak, 53300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; High Impact Research Office, Level 9, Chancellery Building, University of Malaya (UM), 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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30
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Willi R, Harmeier A, Giovanoli S, Meyer U. Altered GSK3β signaling in an infection-based mouse model of developmental neuropsychiatric disease. Neuropharmacology 2013; 73:56-65. [PMID: 23707483 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinase B (AKT) and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) are two protein kinases involved in dopaminergic signaling. Dopamine-associated neuropsychiatric illnesses such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder seem to be characterized by impairments in the AKT/GSK3β network. Here, we sought evidence for the presence of molecular and functional changes in the AKT/GSK3β pathway using an established infection-based mouse model of developmental neuropsychiatric disease that is based on prenatal administration of the viral mimetic poly(I:C) (=polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidilic acid). We found that adult offspring of poly(I:C)-exposed mothers displayed decreased total levels of AKT protein and reduced phosphorylation at AKT threonine residues in the medial prefrontal cortex. Prenatally immune challenged offspring also exhibited increased GSK3β protein expression and activation status, the latter of which was evidenced by a decrease in the ratio between phosphorylated and total GSK3β protein in the medial prefrontal cortex. These molecular changes were not associated with overt signs of inflammatory processes in the adult brain. We further found that acute pre-treatment with the selective GSK3β inhibitor TDZD-8 dose-dependently normalized aberrant behavior typically emerging following prenatal immune activation, including deficient spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze and increased locomotor responses to systemic amphetamine treatment. Taken together, the present mouse model demonstrates that prenatal exposure to viral-like immune activation leads to long-term alterations in GSK3β signaling, some of which are critically implicated in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Willi
- Neuroscience Discovery, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
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31
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Di Forti M, Iyegbe C, Sallis H, Kolliakou A, Falcone MA, Paparelli A, Sirianni M, La Cascia C, Stilo SA, Marques TR, Handley R, Mondelli V, Dazzan P, Pariante C, David AS, Morgan C, Powell J, Murray RM. Confirmation that the AKT1 (rs2494732) genotype influences the risk of psychosis in cannabis users. Biol Psychiatry 2012; 72:811-6. [PMID: 22831980 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2012] [Revised: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cannabis use is associated with an increased risk of psychosis. One study has suggested that genetic variation in the AKT1 gene might influence this effect. METHODS In a case-control study of 489 first-episode psychosis patients and 278 control subjects, we investigated the interaction between variation at the AKT1 rs2494732 single nucleotide polymorphism and cannabis use in increasing the risk of psychosis. RESULTS The rs2494732 locus was not associated with an increased risk of a psychotic disorder, with lifetime cannabis use, or with frequency of use. We did, however, find that the effect of lifetime cannabis use on risk of psychosis was significantly influenced by the rs2494732 locus (likelihood ratio statistic for the interaction = 8.54; p = .014). Carriers of the C/C genotype with a history of cannabis use showed a greater than twofold increased likelihood of a psychotic disorder (odds ratio = 2.18 [95% confidence interval: 1.12, 4.31]) when compared with users who were T/T carriers. Moreover, the interaction between the rs2494732 genotype and frequency of use was also significant at the 5% level (likelihood ratio = 13.39; p = .010). Among daily users, C/C carriers demonstrated a sevenfold increase in the odds of psychosis compared with T/T carriers (odds ratio = 7.23 [95% confidence interval: 1.37, 38.12]). CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide strong support for the initial report that genetic variation at rs2494732 of AKT1 influences the risk of developing a psychotic disorder in cannabis users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Di Forti
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom.
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