1
|
Shen C, Calvin OL, Rawls E, Redish AD, Sponheim SR. Clarifying Cognitive Control Deficits in Psychosis via Drift Diffusion Modeling and Attractor Dynamics. Schizophr Bull 2024:sbae014. [PMID: 38408151 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbae014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Cognitive control deficits are prominent in individuals with psychotic psychopathology. Studies providing evidence for deficits in proactive control generally examine average performance and not variation across trials for individuals-potentially obscuring detection of essential contributors to cognitive control. Here, we leverage intertrial variability through drift-diffusion models (DDMs) aiming to identify key contributors to cognitive control deficits in psychosis. STUDY DESIGN People with psychosis (PwP; N = 122), their first-degree biological relatives (N = 78), and controls (N = 50) each completed 120 trials of the dot pattern expectancy (DPX) cognitive control task. We fit full hierarchical DDMs to response and reaction time (RT) data for individual trials and then used classification models to compare the DDM parameters with conventional measures of proactive and reactive control. STUDY RESULTS PwP demonstrated slower drift rates on proactive control trials suggesting less efficient use of cue information. Both PwP and relatives showed protracted nondecision times to infrequent trial sequences suggesting slowed perceptual processing. Classification analyses indicated that DDM parameters differentiated between the groups better than conventional measures and identified drift rates during proactive control, nondecision time during reactive control, and cue bias as most important. DDM parameters were associated with real-world functioning and schizotypal traits. CONCLUSIONS Modeling of trial-level data revealed that slow evidence accumulation and longer preparatory periods are the strongest contributors to cognitive control deficits in psychotic psychopathology. This pattern of atypical responding during the DPX is consistent with shallow basins in attractor dynamic models that reflect difficulties in maintaining state representations, possibly mediated by excess neural excitation or poor connectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Shen
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Olivia L Calvin
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Eric Rawls
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - A David Redish
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Scott R Sponheim
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Mental Health, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shen C, Calvin OL, Rawls E, Redish AD, Sponheim SR. Clarifying Cognitive Control Deficits in Psychosis via Drift Diffusion Modeling. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.08.14.23293891. [PMID: 37645877 PMCID: PMC10462223 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.14.23293891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive control deficits are consistently identified in individuals with schizophrenia and other psychotic psychopathologies. In this analysis, we delineated proactive and reactive control deficits in psychotic psychopathology via hierarchical Drift Diffusion Modeling (hDDM). People with psychosis (PwP; N=123), their first-degree relatives (N=79), and controls (N=51) completed the Dot Pattern Expectancy task, which allows differentiation between proactive and reactive control. PwP demonstrated slower drift rates on proactive control trials suggesting less efficient use of cue information for proactive control. They also showed longer non-decision times than controls on infrequent stimuli sequences suggesting slower perceptual processing. An explainable machine learning analysis indicated that the hDDM parameters were able to differentiate between the groups better than conventional measures. Through DDM, we found that cognitive control deficits in psychosis are characterized by slower motor/perceptual time and slower evidence-integration primarily in proactive control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Shen
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | | | - Eric Rawls
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | | | - Scott R Sponheim
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, One Veterans Drive, Minneapolis MN 55417 USA
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wisner KM, Johnson MK, Porter JN, Krueger RF, MacDonald AW. Task-related neural mechanisms of persecutory ideation in schizophrenia and community monozygotic twin-pairs. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:5244-5263. [PMID: 34331484 PMCID: PMC8519853 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Perceptions of spiteful behavior are common, distinct from rational fear, and may undergird persecutory ideation. To test this hypothesis and investigate neural mechanisms of persecutory ideation, we employed a novel economic social decision‐making task, the Minnesota Trust Game (MTG), during neuroimaging in patients with schizophrenia (n = 30) and community monozygotic (MZ) twins (n = 38; 19 pairs). We examined distinct forms of mistrust, task‐related brain activation and connectivity, and investigated relationships with persecutory ideation. We tested whether co‐twin discordance on these measurements was correlated to reflect a common source of underlying variance. Across samples persecutory ideation was associated with reduced trust only during the suspiciousness condition, which assessed spite sensitivity given partners had no monetary incentive to betray. Task‐based activation contrasts for specific forms of mistrust were limited and unrelated to persecutory ideation. However, task‐based connectivity contrasts revealed a dorsal cingulate anterior insula network sensitive to suspicious mistrust, a left frontal–parietal (lF‐P) network sensitive to rational mistrust, and a ventral medial/orbital prefrontal (vmPFC/OFC) network that was sensitive to the difference between these forms of mistrust (all p < .005). Higher persecutory ideation was predicted only by reduced connectivity between the vmPFC/OFC and lF‐P networks (p = .005), which was only observed when the intentions of the other player were relevant. Moreover, co‐twin differences in persecutory ideation predicted co‐twin differences in both spite sensitivity and in vmPFC/OFC–lF‐P connectivity. This work found that interconnectivity may be particularly important to the complex neurobiology underlying persecutory ideation, and that unique environmental variance causally linked persecutory ideation, decision‐making, and brain connectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krista M Wisner
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | | | - James N Porter
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Robert F Krueger
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Angus W MacDonald
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Calvin OL, Redish AD. Global disruption in excitation-inhibition balance can cause localized network dysfunction and Schizophrenia-like context-integration deficits. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1008985. [PMID: 34033641 PMCID: PMC8184155 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor context integration, the process of incorporating both previous and current information in decision making, is a cognitive symptom of schizophrenia. The maintenance of the contextual information has been shown to be sensitive to changes in excitation-inhibition (EI) balance. Many regions of the brain are sensitive to EI imbalances, however, so it is unknown how systemic manipulations affect the specific regions that are important to context integration. We constructed a multi-structure, biophysically-realistic agent that could perform context-integration as is assessed by the dot pattern expectancy task. The agent included a perceptual network, a memory network, and a decision making system and was capable of successfully performing the dot pattern expectancy task. Systemic manipulation of the agent’s EI balance produced localized dysfunction of the memory structure, which resulted in schizophrenia-like deficits at context integration. When the agent’s pyramidal cells were less excitatory, the agent fixated upon the cue and initiated responding later than the default agent, which were like the deficits one would predict that individuals on the autistic spectrum would make. This modelling suggests that it may be possible to parse between different types of context integration deficits by adding distractors to context integration tasks and by closely examining a participant’s reaction times. Schizophrenia is a debilitating mental health disorder and its underlying etiology is currently unknown. Neural imbalances in the neural excitation and inhibition of specific regions of the brain have been hypothesized to cause symptoms of schizophrenia. Most regions of the brain have specific excitation-inhibition balances that permit their functioning in the processing of information. How systemic changes in the excitation-inhibition balance cause specific deficits and dysfunction within neural circuits is unknown. A common cognitive deficit in schizophrenia is difficulty with context integration, which is the ability to successfully use previous and current information when making decisions. We assessed how this symptom could be caused by an imbalance in neural excitation and inhibition by simulating the effects of potential imbalances in a model agent. Global imbalances in the agent’s neural excitation and inhibition led to impairment of specific circuits. These dysfunctional circuits produced behavioral deficits that were like those observed in individuals with schizophrenia. These simulations suggested how specific neural circuits may be disrupted by global changes in excitation or inhibition, ways to improve the assessment of context integration, new approaches to analyzing behavior, and why it may be beneficial to assess context integration in autism spectrum disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivia L. Calvin
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United State of America
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United State of America
| | - A. David Redish
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United State of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Task context load induces reactive cognitive control: An fMRI study on cortical and brain stem activity. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2020; 19:945-965. [PMID: 30659515 PMCID: PMC6711881 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-019-00691-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive control is a highly dynamic process that relies on flexible engagement of prefrontal areas and of neuromodulatory systems in order to adapt to changing demands. A range of internal and external factors come into play when individuals engage in a task requiring cognitive control. Here we investigated whether increased working memory (WM) demands would induce a flexible change in cognitive control mode in young healthy individuals. We developed a novel variant of the well-known AX–continuous performance task (AX-CPT). We manipulated the cognitive demands of maintaining task-relevant contextual information and studied the impact of this manipulation on behavior and brain activity. We expected that low WM load would allow for a more effortful, proactive strategy, while high WM load would induce a strategy of less effortful, stimulus-driven reactive control. In line with our hypothesis, a web-based experiment revealed that increased load was associated with more reactive behavioral responses, and this finding was independently replicated in behavioral data acquired in the MRI scanner. The results from brain activity showed that the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was activated by cues in the proactive mode and by probes in the reactive mode. The analysis of task-induced brain stem activity indicated that both the dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems are involved in updating context representations, and that, respectively, these systems mediate a gating signal to the control network and are involved in the dynamic regulation of task engagement.
Collapse
|
6
|
Multivariate classification of schizophrenia and its familial risk based on load-dependent attentional control brain functional connectivity. Neuropsychopharmacology 2020; 45:613-621. [PMID: 31581175 PMCID: PMC7021788 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-019-0532-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), as well as their unaffected siblings (SIB), show functional connectivity (FC) alterations during performance of tasks involving attention. As compared with SCZ, these alterations are present in SIB to a lesser extent and are more pronounced during high cognitive demand, thus possibly representing one of the pathways in which familial risk is translated into the SCZ phenotype. Our aim is to measure the separability of SCZ and SIB from healthy controls (HC) using attentional control-dependent FC patterns, and to test to which extent these patterns span a continuum of neurofunctional alterations between HC and SCZ. 65 SCZ with 65 age and gender-matched HC and 39 SIB with 39 matched HC underwent the Variable Attentional Control (VAC) task. Load-dependent connectivity matrices were generated according to correct responses in each VAC load. Classification performances of high, intermediate and low VAC load FC on HC-SCZ and HC-SIB cohorts were tested through machine learning techniques within a repeated nested cross-validation framework. HC-SCZ classification models were applied to the HC-SIB cohort, and vice-versa. A high load-related decreased FC pattern discriminated between HC and SCZ with 66.9% accuracy and with 57.7% accuracy between HC and SIB. A high load-related increased FC network separated SIB from HC (69.6% accuracy), but not SCZ from HC (48.5% accuracy). Our findings revealed signatures of attentional FC abnormalities shared by SCZ and SIB individuals. We also found evidence for potential, SIB-specific FC signature, which may point to compensatory neurofunctional mechanisms in persons at familial risk for schizophrenia.
Collapse
|
7
|
Herold R, Varga E, Hajnal A, Hamvas E, Berecz H, Tóth B, Tényi T. Altered Neural Activity during Irony Comprehension in Unaffected First-Degree Relatives of Schizophrenia Patients-An fMRI Study. Front Psychol 2018; 8:2309. [PMID: 29375430 PMCID: PMC5767266 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Irony is a type of figurative language in which the literal meaning of the expression is the opposite of what the speaker intends to communicate. Even though schizophrenic patients are known as typically impaired in irony comprehension and in the underlying neural functions, to date no one has explored the neural correlates of figurative language comprehension in first-degree relatives of schizophrenic patients. In the present study, we examined the neural correlates of irony understanding in schizophrenic patients and in unaffected first-degree relatives of patients compared to healthy adults with functional MRI. Our aim was to investigate if possible alterations of the neural circuits supporting irony comprehension in first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia would fulfill the familiality criterion of an endophenotype. We examined 12 schizophrenic patients, 12 first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients and 12 healthy controls with functional MRI while they were performing irony and control tasks. Different phases of irony processing were examined, such as context processing and ironic statement comprehension. Patients had significantly more difficulty understanding irony than controls or relatives. Patients also showed markedly different neural activation pattern compared to controls in both stages of irony processing. Although no significant differences were found in the performance of the irony tasks between the control group and the relative group, during the fMRI analysis, the relatives showed stronger brain activity in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during the context processing phase of irony tasks than the control group. However, the controls demonstrated higher activations in the left dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and in the right inferior frontal gyrus during the ironic statement phase of the irony tasks than the relative group. Our results show that despite good task performance, first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients had alterations in the neural circuits during irony processing. Thus, we suggest that neural alteration of irony comprehension could be a potential endophenotypic marker of schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Róbert Herold
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Eszter Varga
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - András Hajnal
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Edina Hamvas
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Hajnalka Berecz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Borbála Tóth
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tamás Tényi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hsu CL, Best JR, Wang S, Voss MW, Hsiung RGY, Munkacsy M, Cheung W, Handy TC, Liu-Ambrose T. The Impact of Aerobic Exercise on Fronto-Parietal Network Connectivity and Its Relation to Mobility: An Exploratory Analysis of a 6-Month Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Hum Neurosci 2017; 11:344. [PMID: 28713255 PMCID: PMC5492161 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired mobility is a major concern for older adults and has significant consequences. While the widely accepted belief is that improved physical function underlies the effectiveness of targeted exercise training in improving mobility and reducing falls, recent evidence suggests cognitive and neural benefits gained through exercise may also play an important role in promoting mobility. However, the underlying neural mechanisms of this relationship are currently unclear. Thus, we hypothesize that 6 months of progressive aerobic exercise training would alter frontoparietal network (FPN) connectivity during a motor task among older adults with mild subcortical ischemic vascular cognitive impairment (SIVCI)—and exercise-induced changes in FPN connectivity would correlate with changes in mobility. We focused on the FPN as it is involved in top-down attentional control as well as motor planning and motor execution. Participants were randomized either to usual-care (CON), which included monthly educational materials about VCI and healthy diet; or thrice-weekly aerobic training (AT), which was walking outdoors with progressive intensity. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was acquired at baseline and trial completion, where the participants were instructed to perform bilateral finger tapping task. At trial completion, compared with AT, CON showed significantly increased FPN connectivity strength during right finger tapping (p < 0.05). Across the participants, reduced FPN connectivity was associated with greater cardiovascular capacity (p = 0.05). In the AT group, reduced FPN connectivity was significantly associated with improved mobility performance, as measured by the Timed-Up-and-Go test (r = 0.67, p = 0.02). These results suggest progressive AT may improve mobility in older adults with SIVCI via maintaining intra-network connectivity of the FPN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun L Hsu
- Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, University of British Columbia, VancouverBC, Canada.,Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, VancouverBC, Canada.,Djavad Mowafaghian Center for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, VancouverBC, Canada.,Center for Hip Health and Mobility, VancouverBC, Canada
| | - John R Best
- Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, University of British Columbia, VancouverBC, Canada.,Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, VancouverBC, Canada.,Djavad Mowafaghian Center for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, VancouverBC, Canada.,Center for Hip Health and Mobility, VancouverBC, Canada
| | - Shirley Wang
- Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, University of British Columbia, VancouverBC, Canada.,Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, VancouverBC, Canada.,Djavad Mowafaghian Center for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, VancouverBC, Canada.,Center for Hip Health and Mobility, VancouverBC, Canada
| | - Michelle W Voss
- Health, Brain, and Cognition Lab, University of Iowa, Iowa CityIA, United States.,Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, Iowa CityIA, United States
| | - Robin G Y Hsiung
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, VancouverBC, Canada
| | - Michelle Munkacsy
- Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, University of British Columbia, VancouverBC, Canada.,Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, VancouverBC, Canada.,Djavad Mowafaghian Center for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, VancouverBC, Canada.,Center for Hip Health and Mobility, VancouverBC, Canada
| | - Winnie Cheung
- Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, University of British Columbia, VancouverBC, Canada.,Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, VancouverBC, Canada.,Djavad Mowafaghian Center for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, VancouverBC, Canada.,Center for Hip Health and Mobility, VancouverBC, Canada
| | - Todd C Handy
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, VancouverBC, Canada
| | - Teresa Liu-Ambrose
- Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, University of British Columbia, VancouverBC, Canada.,Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, VancouverBC, Canada.,Djavad Mowafaghian Center for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, VancouverBC, Canada.,Center for Hip Health and Mobility, VancouverBC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Poppe AB, Barch DM, Carter CS, Gold JM, Ragland JD, Silverstein SM, MacDonald AW. Reduced Frontoparietal Activity in Schizophrenia Is Linked to a Specific Deficit in Goal Maintenance: A Multisite Functional Imaging Study. Schizophr Bull 2016; 42:1149-57. [PMID: 27060129 PMCID: PMC4988742 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbw036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Patients with schizophrenia (SZ) previously demonstrated specific deficits in an executive function known as goal maintenance, associated with reduced middle frontal gyrus (MFG) activity. This study aimed to validate a new tool-the Dot Pattern Expectancy (DPX) task-developed to facilitate multisite imaging studies of goal maintenance deficits in SZ or other disorders. Additionally, it sought to arrive at recommendations for scan length for future studies using the DPX. Forty-seven SZ and 56 healthy controls (HC) performed the DPX in 3-Tesla functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanners at 5 sites. Group differences in DPX-related activity were examined with whole brain voxelwise analyses. SZs showed the hypothesized specific performance deficits with as little as 1 block of data. Reduced activity in SZ compared with HC was observed in bilateral frontal pole/MFG, as well as left posterior parietal lobe. Efficiency analyses found significant group differences in activity using 18 minutes of scan data but not 12 minutes. Several behavioral and imaging findings from the goal maintenance literature were robustly replicated despite the use of different scanners at different sites. We did not replicate a previous correlation with disorganization symptoms among patients. Results were consistent with an executive/attention network dysfunction in the higher levels of a cascading executive system responsible for goal maintenance. Finally, efficiency analyses found that 18 minutes of scanning during the DPX task is sufficient to detect group differences with a similar sample size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B. Poppe
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Deanna M. Barch
- Departments of Psychology & Brain Science, Radiology, and Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO
| | - Cameron S. Carter
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA;,Department of Psychology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - James M. Gold
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center and University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Steven M. Silverstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Rutgers–Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ
| | - Angus W. MacDonald
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN;,Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN,*To whom correspondence should be addressed; Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 E River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455, US; tel: 612-624-3813; fax: 612-625-6668, e-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Antonucci LA, Taurisano P, Fazio L, Gelao B, Romano R, Quarto T, Porcelli A, Mancini M, Di Giorgio A, Caforio G, Pergola G, Popolizio T, Bertolino A, Blasi G. Association of familial risk for schizophrenia with thalamic and medial prefrontal functional connectivity during attentional control. Schizophr Res 2016; 173:23-9. [PMID: 27012899 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Anomalies in behavioral correlates of attentional processing and related brain activity are crucial correlates of schizophrenia and associated with familial risk for this brain disorder. However, it is not clear how brain functional connectivity during attentional processes is key for schizophrenia and linked with trait vs. state related variables. To address this issue, we investigated patterns of functional connections during attentional control in healthy siblings of patients with schizophrenia, who share with probands genetic features but not variables related to the state of the disorder. 356 controls, 55 patients with schizophrenia on stable treatment with antipsychotics and 40 healthy siblings of patients with this brain disorder underwent the Variable Attentional Control (VAC) task during fMRI. Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is allowed to identify independent components (IC) of BOLD signal recorded during task performance. Results indicated reduced connectivity strength in patients with schizophrenia as well as in their healthy siblings in left thalamus within an attentional control component and greater connectivity in right medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) within the so-called Default Mode Network (DMN) compared to healthy individuals. These results suggest a relationship between familial risk for schizophrenia and brain functional networks during attentional control, such that this biological phenotype may be considered a useful intermediate phenotype in order to link genes effects to aspects of the pathophysiology of this brain disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda A Antonucci
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy; Department of Educational Science, Psychology and Communication Science, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Paolo Taurisano
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Leonardo Fazio
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Barbara Gelao
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Raffaella Romano
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Tiziana Quarto
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy; Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Annamaria Porcelli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Marina Mancini
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Grazia Caforio
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy; Psychiatry Unit, Bari University Hospital, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giulio Pergola
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Teresa Popolizio
- IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", 71013 S. Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Alessandro Bertolino
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy; Psychiatry Unit, Bari University Hospital, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Blasi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy; Psychiatry Unit, Bari University Hospital, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|