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Oliveira de Miranda C, Lelis Leal de Souza JJ, Gonçalves Reynaud Schaefer CE, Huerta Lwanga E, Nadal Junqueira Villela F. Short-term impacts of polyethylene and polyacrylonitrile microplastics on soil physicochemical properties and microbial activity of a marine terrace environment in maritime Antarctica. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 347:123791. [PMID: 38490529 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Evidence of microplastic (MP) pollution in Antarctic terrestrial environments reinforces concerns about its potential impacts on soil, which plays a major role in ecological processes at ice-free areas. We investigated the effects of two common MP types on soil physicochemical properties and microbial responses of a marine terrace from Fildes Peninsula (King George Island, Antarctica). Soils were treated with polyethylene (PE) fragments and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers at environmentally relevant doses (from 0.001% to 1% w w-1), in addition to a control treatment (0% w w-1), for 22 days in a pot incubation experiment under natural field conditions. The short-term impacts of MPs on soil physical, chemical and microbial attributes seem interrelated and were affected by both MP dose and type. The highest PAN fiber dose (0.1%) increased macro and total porosity, but decreased soil bulk density compared to control, whereas PE fragments treatments did not affect soil porosity. Soil respiration increased with increasing doses of PAN fibers reflecting impacts on physical properties. Both types of MPs increased microbial activity (fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis), decreased the cation exchange capacity but, especially PE fragments, increased Na+ saturation. The highest dose of PAN fibers and PE fragments increased total nitrogen and total organic carbon, respectively, and both decreased the soil pH. We discussed potential causes for our findings in this initial assessment and addressed the need for further research considering the complexity of environmental factors to better understand the cumulative impacts of MP pollution in Antarctic soil environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caik Oliveira de Miranda
- Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Soil Physics and Land Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 4, 6708PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - José João Lelis Leal de Souza
- Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universitário, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Esperanza Huerta Lwanga
- Soil Physics and Land Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 4, 6708PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Fernando Nadal Junqueira Villela
- Laboratório de Pedologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas, Departamento de Geografia, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 338, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
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Yu W, Yang H, Chen J, Liao P, Wu J, Jiang L, Guo W. Molecular insights into the microbial degradation of sediment-derived DOM in a macrophyte-dominated lake under aerobic and hypoxic conditions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 916:170257. [PMID: 38253098 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The mineralization of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in sediments is an important factor leading to the eutrophication of macrophyte-dominated lakes. However, the changes in the molecular characteristics of sediment-derived DOM during microbial degradation in macrophyte-dominated lakes are not well understood. In this study, the microbial degradation process of sediment-derived DOM in Lake Caohai under aerobic and hypoxic conditions was investigated using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) and metagenomics. The results revealed that the microbial degradation of sediment-derived DOM in macrophyte-dominated lakes was more intense under aerobic conditions. The microorganisms mainly metabolized the protein-like substances in the macrophyte-dominated lakes, and the carbohydrate-active enzyme genes and protein/lipid-like degradation genes played key roles in sediment-derived DOM degradation. Organic compounds with high H/C ratios such as lipids, carbohydrates, and protein/lipid-like compounds were preferentially removed by microorganisms during microbial degradation. Meanwhile, there was an increase in the abundance of organic molecular formula with a high aromaticity such as tannins and unsaturated hydrocarbons with low molecular weight and low double bond equivalent. In addition, aerobic/hypoxic environments can alter microbial metabolic pathways of sediment-derived DOM by affecting the relative abundance of microbial communities (e.g., Gemmatimonadetes and Acidobacteria) and functional genes (e.g., ABC.PE.P1 and ABC.PE.P) in macrophyte-dominated lakes. The abundances of lipids, unsaturated hydrocarbons, and protein compounds in aerobic environments decreased by 58 %, 50 %, and 44 %, respectively, compared to in hypoxic environments under microbial degradation. The results of this study deepen our understanding of DOM biodegradation in macrophyte-dominated lakes under different redox environments and provide new insights into nutrients releases from sediment and continuing eutrophication in macrophyte-dominated lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China; School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Haiquan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China.
| | - Jingan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China
| | - Peng Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China
| | - Jiaxi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China
| | - Lujia Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China; College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, PR China
| | - Wen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China
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Han F, Javed T, Hussain S, Guo S, Guo R, Yang L, Liu X, Cai T, Zhang P, Jia Z, Shah AA, Chen X, Ren X. Maize/peanut rotation intercropping improves ecosystem carbon budget and economic benefits in the dry farming regions of China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 353:120090. [PMID: 38301480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Monoculture is widely practiced to increase crop productivity, but long-term adaptation has drawbacks as it increases the depletion of soil nutrients and reduces soil quality, especially in dryland areas. Conversion from traditional maize monoculture to intercropping improves sustainable production. However, maize/peanut intercropping, especially rotation of planting strips impacts of maize/peanut intercropping in dryland on carbon (C) budgets and economic benefits remain unclear. In this study, a 5-year field experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of maize/peanut intercropping with rotation of planting strips on soil health, indirect CO2-eq greenhouse gas emissions, and ecosystem C inputs. Four intercropping treatments viz. maize monoculture, peanut monoculture, maize/peanut intercropping, and maize/peanut rotation-intercropping were tested from 2018 to 2022. Maize/peanut rotation intercropping significantly improved the land equivalent ratio followed by intercropping and monoculture. Rotation-intercropping also improved economic benefits over intercropping and monoculture which were mainly associated with increased peanut yield where the border rows contributed the maximum, followed by the middle rows. Moreover, rotation-intercropping significantly increased the soil organic C and nitrogen (N) content. Rotation-intercropping decreased indirect CO2-eq greenhouse gas emissions and ecosystem C inputs by 3.11% and 18.04%, whereas increased ecosystem C outputs and net ecosystem C budget by 10.38% and 29.14%, respectively, over the average of monoculture. On average for intercropping and monoculture, rotation-intercropping increased ecosystem C emission efficiency for economic benefits by 51.94% and 227.27% in 2021 and 2022, respectively, showing the highest C utilization efficiency than other treatments. In the long run, maize/peanut rotation-intercropping can be practiced in dryland agriculture to achieve sustainable agriculture goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Han
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; State Key Lab of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Talha Javed
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China; College of Agriculture, Fujian Agricutlure and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Sadam Hussain
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; State Key Lab of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Shuqing Guo
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Ru Guo
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Lihua Yang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xiantong Liu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Tie Cai
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; State Key Lab of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; State Key Lab of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Zhikuan Jia
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; State Key Lab of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Anis Ali Shah
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; State Key Lab of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Xiaolong Ren
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; State Key Lab of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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Vieira ÍS, Oliveira FSDE, Michel RFM. Spatial and Scientometric study of the Brazilian scientific production on Antarctic soils and permafrost. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2023; 95:e20230823. [PMID: 38126387 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202320230823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This article carried out the first scientometric and spatial analysis of Brazilian scientific production on Antarctic soils and permafrost, based on all publications available from the Scopus and Web of Science databases. Information on co-authorship, citation, research topics, and sampling sites was used to understand the social and theoretical structure as well as the spatial dynamics of this research field in Brazil over the last 25 years. We highlight that Brazil is presently, the main country to study the soils and permafrost of Maritime Antarctica, in addition to having an international robust and prolific production, with high impact on the literature, and widely distributed throughout the studied region. It was also possible to identify potential future international partners, new research locations and strategic research themes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ícaro S Vieira
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Institute of Geosciences, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6.627, Pampulha, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Fábio S DE Oliveira
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Institute of Geosciences, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6.627, Pampulha, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Roberto F M Michel
- Santa Cruz State University, Department of Agrarian and Environmental Sciences, Rod. Jorge Amado, Km 16, 45662-900 Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
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Tuo D, Lu Q, Wu B, Li Q, Yao B, Cheng L, Zhu J. Effects of Wind-Water Erosion and Topographic Factor on Soil Properties in the Loess Hilly Region of China. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2568. [PMID: 37447129 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Wind and water erosion processes can lead to soil degradation. Topographic factors also affect the variation of soil properties. The effect of topographic factors on soil properties in regions where wind and water erosion simultaneously occur remains complicated. To address this effect, we conducted this study to determine the relationships between the changes in wind-water erosion and soil properties in different topographic contexts. We collected soil samples from conical landforms with different slope characteristics and positions in the wind-water erosion crisscross region of China. We examined the soil 137Cs inventory, soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), soil particles, soil water content (SWC), and biomass. 137Cs was applied to estimate soil erosion. The results show that the soil erosion rate followed the order of northwest slope > southwest slope > northeast slope > southeast slope. The soil erosion rate on the northwest slope was about 12.06-58.47% higher than on the other. Along the slopes, the soil erosion rate decreased from the upper to the lower regions, and was 65.65% higher at the upper slope than at the lower one. The change in soil erosion rate was closely related to soil properties. The contents of SOC, TN, clay, silt, SWC, and biomass on the northern slopes (northwest and northeast slopes) were lower than those on the southern slopes (southeast and southwest slopes), and they were lower at the upper slope than at the lower one. Redundancy analysis showed that the variation in soil properties was primarily affected by the slope aspect, and less affected by soil erosion, accounting for 56.1% and 30.9%, respectively. The results demonstrate that wind-water erosion accelerates the impact of topographic factors on soil properties under slope conditions. Our research improves our understanding of the mechanisms of soil degradation in gully regions where wind and water erosion simultaneously occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengfeng Tuo
- Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Qi Lu
- Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration in Shaanbei Mining Area, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, China
| | - Bin Yao
- Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Leilei Cheng
- Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Jinlei Zhu
- Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
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Ding W, Xie W, Xu J, Liu C, Miao P, Gong J. Effects of methyl halide flux characteristics following Spartina alterniflora invasion in a seaward direction in a temperate salt marsh, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 847:157607. [PMID: 35901883 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we explored the source-sink characteristics of methyl halide (CH3X; X = Cl, Br, I) in coastal wetlands located in temperate regions, and identified key factors affecting the spatio-temporal variation of CH3X during the invasion of Spartina alterniflora. We used static chamber-gas chromatography to monitor CH3X fluxes in the S. alterniflora area and bare flat area of the Jiaozhou Bay salt marsh for a long time from August 2015 to May 2017. Our results indicated that CH3X emissions showed obvious seasonal and diurnal variations. The S. alterniflora area was a source of CH3X, with higher fluxes in the spring and autumn seasons. CH3X fluxes were higher during the daytime than at night, and the diurnal difference in CH3Br was the most significant (4.51 times). The bare flat area was mainly a sink for CH3X, and the maximum absorption flux occurred in summer. At this time, the microbial activity was greater, and the consumption rate during the day was higher than that at night. Extreme linear correlations existed between the fluxes of CH3Cl, CH3Br, and CH3I (P < 0.01), indicating that the production and consumption of the three gases were likely to have similar mechanisms and were affected by the same factors. S. alterniflora invasion increased CH3X emissions and shifted the original bare flat area from a sink to a source of CH3X. The biomass of S. alterniflora, especially the leaf, significantly affects CH3X fluxes. Additionally, S. alterniflora increased the content of total organic carbon, total sulfur, available sulfur, and iron (III) in the soil, which were the main factors promoting the source-sink transformation of CH3X. Based on the current invasive area of S. alterniflora in China, we estimated that the annual emissions of CH3Cl, CH3Br, and CH3I from S. alterniflora into the troposphere were 9.04 × 106, 2.42 × 105 and 2.06 × 105 mol, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Ding
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; Carbon Neutrality and Eco-Environmental Technology Innovation Center of Qingdao, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenxia Xie
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; Carbon Neutrality and Eco-Environmental Technology Innovation Center of Qingdao, Qingdao, China.
| | - Jianing Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chunjing Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ping Miao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jian Gong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Abbasi NA, Madramootoo CA, Zhang T, Tan CS. Soil nutrients and plant uptake parameters as related to greenhouse gas emissions. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2022; 51:1129-1143. [PMID: 35809793 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fertilizer and water management practices have short- and long-term effects on soil chemical and physical properties and, in turn, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The goal of this 4-yr field study was to establish the relationships between soil properties, agronomic practices, and GHG (CO2 and N2 O) emissions under different fertilizer and water table management practices. There were two fertilizer treatments: inorganic fertilizer (IF) and a mix of solid cattle manure and inorganic fertilizer (SCM), combined with tile drainage(DR) and controlled drainage with subirrigation(CDS). The cropping system was a maize (Zea mays L.)-soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation. Nitrogen in biomass (BMN) and N in grain (GRN) were measured and used to calculate other plant N parameters. Nitrous oxide and CO2 fluxes were collected weekly, and their respective cumulative emissions were calculated. The results show that soil organic matter (OM), soil total carbon (C), and soil total nitrogen (N) were greater in SCM than IF by 23.7, 35.2, and 24.4%, respectively. Water table management did not significantly affect soil N and C. Increased CO2 emissions were witnessed under higher soil OM, soil total C, and total N. Plant N uptake parameters were negatively correlated with N2 O and CO2 emissions. Higher plant N uptake can reduce environmental pollution by limiting N2 O and CO2 emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeem A Abbasi
- Dep. of Bioresource Engineering, McGill Univ., Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, H9X3V9, Canada
| | - Chandra A Madramootoo
- Dep. of Bioresource Engineering, McGill Univ., Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, H9X3V9, Canada
| | - Tiequan Zhang
- Harrow Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Harrow, Ontario, N0R 1G0, Canada
| | - Chin S Tan
- Harrow Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Harrow, Ontario, N0R 1G0, Canada
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Depth-Dependent C-N-P Stocks and Stoichiometry in Ultisols Resulting from Conversion of Secondary Forests to Plantations and Driving Forces. FORESTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/f12101300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Stocks and stoichiometry of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) in ultisols are not well documented for converted forests. In this study, Ultisols were sampled in 175 plots from one type of secondary forest and four plantations of Masson pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.), Slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.), Eucalypt (Eucalyptus obliqua L’Hér.), and Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn., 1782) in Yunfu, Guangdong province, South China. Five layers of soil were sampled with a distance of 20 cm between two adjacent layers up to a depth of 100 cm. We did not find interactive effects between forest type and soil layer depth on soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations and storages. Storage of SOC was not different between secondary forests and Eucalypt plantations, but SOC of these two forest types were lower than that in Litchi, Masson pine, and Slash pine plantations. Soil C:P was higher in Slash pine plantations than in secondary forests. Soil CNP showed a decreasing trend with the increase of soil depth. Soil TP did not show any significant difference among soil layers. Soil bulk density had a negative contribution to soil C and P stocks, and longitude and elevation were positive drivers for soil C, N, and P stocks. Overall, Litchi plantations are the only type of plantation that obtained enhanced C storage in 0–100 cm soils and diverse N concentrations among soil layers during the conversion from secondary forests to plantations over ultisols.
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Díaz-Puente FJ, Schmid T, Pelayo M, Rodríguez-Rastrero M, Herraiz MJS, O'Neill T, López-Martínez J. Abiotic factors influencing soil microbial activity in the northern Antarctic Peninsula region. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 750:141602. [PMID: 32882495 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms play a key role in the carbon (C) cycle through soil organic matter (SOM). The rate of SOM mineralization, the influence of abiotic factors on this rate and the potential behaviour of SOM are of particular interest in the northern Antarctic Peninsula and offshore islands. This is one of the most rapidly warming regions on Earth with numerous ice-free areas, some with abundant wildlife and with the greatest known soil organic carbon (SOC) storage in Antarctica. The latter implies extended Antarctic summer conditions promote increased terrestrial plant growth and soil microbial activity (SMA). SMA, determined by respirometry, is a measure of ecosystem function, and depends on microclimatic conditions and soil environmental properties. SMA and the effect of abiotic variables have been analysed in locations with different soil types, on Cierva Point (Antarctic Peninsula), Deception Island and Fildes Peninsula (King George Island). Soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) ranged from 5.66 to 196.6 mg SMBC kg-1and basal respiration (BR) from 2.86 to 160.67 mg CO2 kg-1 d-1. SMBC and BR values were higher in Cierva Point, followed by Fildes Peninsula and Deception Island, showing the same trend of SOM abundance. Except for Cierva Point, low nitrogen, phosphorus and C concentrations were observed. SMBC/total organic carbon (TOC) levels indicated that SOC was recalcitrant and SOM content was closely related to the extent of vegetation cover observed in situ. High metabolic quotient values obtained at Cierva Point and Deception Island (median values 7.27 and 6.53 mg C-CO2 g SMBC-1 h-1) and low SMBC/TOC in Cierva Point suggest a poor efficiency of the microbial populations in the consumption of the SOC. High SMBC/TOC values obtained in Deception Island indicates that SMBC may influence SOM stabilization. Mineralization rates were very low (negligible values to 1.44%) and sites with the lowest values had the highest SOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Díaz-Puente
- CIEMAT - Department of Environment, Avda. Complutense, 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - T Schmid
- CIEMAT - Department of Environment, Avda. Complutense, 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Pelayo
- CIEMAT - Department of Environment, Avda. Complutense, 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - M J Sierra Herraiz
- CIEMAT - Department of Environment, Avda. Complutense, 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - T O'Neill
- School of Sciences, University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - J López-Martínez
- Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Acuña-Rodríguez IS, Galán A, Torres-Díaz C, Atala C, Molina-Montenegro MA. Fungal Symbionts Enhance N-Uptake for Antarctic Plants Even in Non-N Limited Soils. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:575563. [PMID: 33193189 PMCID: PMC7645117 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.575563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-fungi interactions have been identified as fundamental drivers of the plant host performance, particularly in cold environments where organic matter degradation rates are slow, precisely for the capacity of the fungal symbiont to enhance the availability of labile nitrogen (N) in the plant rhizosphere. Nevertheless, these positive effects appear to be modulated by the composition and amount of the N pool in the soil, being greater when plant hosts are growing where N is scarce as is the case of Antarctic soils. Nevertheless, in some coastal areas of this continent, seabirds and marine mammal colonies exert, through their accumulated feces and urine a strong influence on the edaphic N content surrounding their aggregation points. To evaluate if the fungal symbionts (root endophytes), associated to the only two Antarctic vascular plants Colobanthus quitensis and Deschampsia antarctica, act as N-uptake enhancers, even in such N-rich conditions as those found around animal influence, we assessed, under controlled conditions, the process of N mineralization in soil by the accumulation of NH4 + in the rizhosphere and the biomass accumulation of plants with (E+) and without (E-) fungal symbionts. Complementarily, taking advantage of the isotopic N-fractionation that root-fungal symbionts exert on organic N molecules during its acquisition process, we also determined if endophytes actively participate in the Antarctic plants N-uptake, when inorganic N is not a limiting factor, by estimating the δ15N isotopic signatures in leaves. Overall, symbiotic interaction increased the availability of NH4 + in the rhizosphere of both species. As expected, the enhanced availability of inorganic N resulted in a higher final biomass in E + compared with E- plants of both species. In addition, we found that the positive role of fungal symbionts was also actively linked to the process of N-uptake in both species, evidenced by the contrasting δ15N signatures present in E+ (-0.4 to -2.3‰) relative to E- plants (2.7-3.1‰). In conclusion, despite being grown under rich N soils, the two Antarctic vascular plants showed that the presence of root-fungal endophytes, furthermore enhanced the availability of inorganic N sources in the rhizosphere, has a positive impact in their biomass, remarking the active participation of these endophytes in the N-uptake process for plants inhabiting the Antarctic continent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian S. Acuña-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Biología Vegetal, Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Alexander Galán
- Centro de Investigación en Estudios Avanzados del Maule (CIEAM), Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
- Departamento de Obras Civiles, Facultad de Ciencias de la Ingeniería, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
- Centro Regional de Estudios Ambientales (CREA), Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Cristian Torres-Díaz
- Laboratorio de Genómica y Biodiversidad (LGB), Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
| | - Cristian Atala
- Laboratorio de Anatomía y Ecología Funcional de Plantas (AEF), Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Campus Curauma, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Marco A. Molina-Montenegro
- Laboratorio de Biología Vegetal, Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
- Centro de Investigación en Estudios Avanzados del Maule (CIEAM), Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
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Zhang W, Jiao Y, Zhu R, Rhew RC. Methyl Chloride and Methyl Bromide Production and Consumption in Coastal Antarctic Tundra Soils Subject to Sea Animal Activities. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:13354-13363. [PMID: 32935983 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c04257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Methyl chloride (CH3Cl) and methyl bromide (CH3Br) are the predominant carriers of natural chlorine and bromine from the troposphere to the stratosphere, which can catalyze the destruction of stratospheric ozone. Here, penguin colony soils (PCS) and the adjacent tundra soils (i.e., penguin-lacking colony soils, PLS), seal colony soils (SCS), tundra marsh soils (TMS), and normal upland tundra soils (UTS) in coastal Antarctica were collected and incubated for the first time to confirm that these soils were CH3Cl and CH3Br sources or sinks. Overall, tundra soil acted as a net sink for CH3Cl and CH3Br with potential flux ranges from -18.1 to -2.8 pmol g-1 d-1 and -1.32 to -0.24 pmol g-1 d-1, respectively. The deposition of penguin guano or seal excrement into tundra soils facilitated the simultaneous production of CH3Cl and CH3Br and resulted in a smaller sink in PCS, SCS, and PLS. Laboratory-based thermal treatments and anaerobic incubation experiments suggested that the consumption of CH3Cl and CH3Br was predominantly mediated by microbes while the production was abiotic and O2 independent. Temperature gradient incubations revealed that increasing soil temperature promoted the consumption of CH3Cl and CH3Br in UTS, suggesting that the regional sink may increase with Antarctic warming, depending on changes in soil moisture and abiotic production rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanying Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Global Change, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yi Jiao
- Department of Geography, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Renbin Zhu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Global Change, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Robert C Rhew
- Department of Geography, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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12
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Staebe K, Meiklejohn KI, Singh SM, Matcher GF. Biogeography of soil bacterial populations in the Jutulsessen and Ahlmannryggen of Western Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. Polar Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-019-02532-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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13
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Sá MMF, Schaefer CEGR, Loureiro DC, Simas FNB, Alves BJR, de Sá Mendonça E, de Figueiredo EB, La Scala N, Panosso AR. Fluxes of CO 2, CH 4, and N 2O in tundra-covered and Nothofagus forest soils in the Argentinian Patagonia. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 659:401-409. [PMID: 31096371 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
While most soils in periglacial environments present high fluxes of CO2 (FCO2), CH4 (FCH4), and N2O (FN2O), few of them have a tendency to drain greenhouse gases from the atmosphere. This study aimed to assess greenhouse gas fluxes at different sub-Antarctic sites and time periods (at the beginning of thaw and height of summer). To investigate the time of year effect on greenhouse gas emissions, FCO2, FCH4, and FN2O were measured at two sites tundra-covered (Ti and Th) and Nothofagus forest soil (Nf) on Monte Martial, at the southernmost tip of South America, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina. FCO2 ranged from 96.33 to 225.72 μg CO2 m-2 s-1 across all sites and periods, showing a positive correlation with soil temperature (Ts) (4.1 and 8.2 °C, respectively) (r2 > 0.7; p < 0.05). The highest values of FCO2 were found at Ti and Th (728.2 and 662.64 μg CO2 m-2 s-1, respectively), which were related to higher temperatures (8.2 and 8.6 °C, respectively) when compared to those of Nf. For FCH4, the capture (drain) occurred during both periods at Nf (-26 and -79 μg C-CH4 m-2 h-1) as well as Ti and Th (-21 and 12 μg C-CH4 m-2 h-1, respectively). FN2O also presented low values during both periods and showed a tendency to drain N2O from the atmosphere, especially at Nf (-2 μg N-N2O m-2 h-1). In addition, FN2O was slightly positive for Ti and Th (0.3 and 0.55 μg N-N2O m-2 h-1, respectively). Soil moisture did not show a correlation (p > 0.05) with the measured greenhouse gas fluxes. A scenario of increased temperatures might result in changes in the balance between the emissions and drains of these gases from soils, leading to higher emission values of CH4 and N2O, especially for tundra covered soils (Ti and Th), where the highest average fluxes and thermohydric variations were observed over the year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Médice Firme Sá
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Agrobiology, Rodovia BR 465, km 7, 23891-000 Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ernesto G R Schaefer
- Department of Soils, Federal University of Viçosa-UFV, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs s/n, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Diego C Loureiro
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Sergipe-UFS, Avenida Marechal Rondon s/n, 49100-000 São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Felipe N B Simas
- Department of Education, Federal University of Viçosa-UFV, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs s/n, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Bruno J R Alves
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Agrobiology, Rodovia BR 465, km 7, 23891-000 Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Eduardo de Sá Mendonça
- Department of Plant Production, Federal University of Espírito Santo-UFES, Alto Universitário, s/n, 29500-000 Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Barretto de Figueiredo
- Department of Rural Development - DDR, Federal University of São Carlos-UFSCAR, Rodovia Anhanguera, km 174 - SP-330, 13600-970 Araras, SP, Brazil
| | - Newton La Scala
- Department of Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University-FCAV/UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Alan R Panosso
- Department of Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University-FCAV/UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, 14884-900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
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Potapowicz J, Szumińska D, Szopińska M, Polkowska Ż. The influence of global climate change on the environmental fate of anthropogenic pollution released from the permafrost: Part I. Case study of Antarctica. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 651:1534-1548. [PMID: 30360282 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This article presents a review of information related to the influence of potential permafrost degradation on the environmental fate of chemical species which are released and stored, classified as potential influence in future Antarctic environment. Considering all data regarding climate change prediction, this topic may prove important issue for the future state of the Antarctic environment. A detailed survey on soil and permafrost data permitted the assumption that this medium may constitute a sink for organic and inorganic pollution (especially for persistent organic pollution, POPs, and heavy metals). The analysis of the environmental fate and potential consequences of the presence of pollutants for the existence of the Antarctic fauna leads to a conclusion that they may cause numerous negative effects (e.g. Endocrine disruptions, DNA damage, cancerogenicity). In the case of temperature increase and enhanced remobilisation processes, this effect may be even stronger, and may disturb natural balance in the environment. Therefore, regular research on the environmental fate of pollution is required, especially in terms of processes of remobilisation from the permafrost reserves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Potapowicz
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 11/12 Narutowicza St., Gdansk 80-233, Poland
| | - Danuta Szumińska
- Kazimierz Wielki University, Institute of Geography, Kościelecki Sq 8, 85-033 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Szopińska
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Water and Waste Water Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., Gdansk 80-233, Poland
| | - Żaneta Polkowska
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, 11/12 Narutowicza St., Gdansk 80-233, Poland.
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15
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Bogunovic I, Trevisani S, Pereira P, Vukadinovic V. Mapping soil organic matter in the Baranja region (Croatia): Geological and anthropic forcing parameters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 643:335-345. [PMID: 29940445 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Spatial mapping of soil organic matter (SOM) and evaluation of the related natural and anthropic influencing factors are crucial to monitor the extent of degraded land and the evolution of soil functions. The objective of this work is to study the spatial distribution of SOM in a highly exploited agricultural area in the Baranja Region (Croatia). The spatially dense dataset available (4825 top-soil samples from 0 to 30 cm) allowed to produce reliable SOM maps using geostatistical interpolation kriging algorithms and to study the relationships with possible influencing factors. The interpolation has been conducted by means of two approaches. In one approach, the overall data set is considered for computing a global variogram and performing a direct interpolation of SOM values. In the second approach, the data are stratified according to two different geological and morphogenetic domains, Holocene Domain (HD) and Pleistocene Domain (PD), and a distinct geostatistical analysis is performed in each domain. The results showed that average SOM in the studied region was 2.29%, indicating a future need for adopting sustainable soil management practices in this region. SOM was significantly higher in HD (2.64%) than PD (1.97%) domain. SOM in PD generally had a much lower global variability. Global dataset analysis reveals that regional intrinsic factors prevail over local intrinsic and extrinsic factors in determining SOM spatial patterns. In contrast, the stratified approach can filter the effect of regional variability related to the main geological and geomorphological setting. The structural spatial correlation in PD is weaker than in HD, as manifested by spatial patches of low and high SOM content with smaller extension in PD with respect to HD. The strong relationships between SOM spatial patterns and geological/geomorphological factors suggest the possibility of adopting finer subdivision criteria in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Bogunovic
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of General Agronomy, Svetosimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sebastiano Trevisani
- University IUAV of Venice, Department of Architecture, Construction and Conservation, Dorsoduro 2206, 30123 Venezia, Italy.
| | - Paulo Pereira
- Environmental Management Center, Mykolas Romeris University, Ateities g. 20, LT-08303 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vesna Vukadinovic
- Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Agriculture in Osijek, Kralja Petra Svačića 1d, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
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16
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Tuo D, Xu M, Gao G. Relative contributions of wind and water erosion to total soil loss and its effect on soil properties in sloping croplands of the Chinese Loess Plateau. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 633:1032-1040. [PMID: 29758856 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Wind and water erosion are two dominant types of erosion that lead to soil and nutrient losses. Wind and water erosion may occur simultaneously to varying extents in semi-arid regions. The contributions of wind and water erosion to total erosion and their effects on soil quality, however, remains elusive. We used cesium-137 (137Cs) inventories to estimate the total soil erosion and used the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) to quantify water erosion in sloping croplands. Wind erosion was estimated from the subtraction of the two. We also used 137Cs inventories to calculate total soil erosion and validate the relationships of the soil quality and erosion at different slope aspects and positions. The results showed that wind erosion (1460tkm-2a-1) on northwest-facing slope was responsible for approximately 39.7% of the total soil loss, and water erosion (2216tkm-2a-1) accounted for approximately 60.3%. The erosion rates were 58.8% higher on northwest- than on southeast-facing slopes. Northwest-facing slopes had lower soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, clay, and silt contents than southeast-facing slopes, and thus, the 137Cs inventories were lower, and the total soil erosions were higher on the northwest-facing slopes. The variations in soil physicochemical properties were related to total soil erosion. The lowest 137Cs inventories and nutrient contents were recorded at the upper positions on the northwest-facing slopes due to the successive occurrence of more severe wind and water erosion at the same site. The results indicated that wind and water could accelerate the spatial variability of erosion rate and soil properties and cause serious decreases in the nutrient contents in sloping fields. Our research could help researchers develop soil strategies to reduce soil erosion according to the dominant erosion type when it occurs in a hilly agricultural area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengfeng Tuo
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Mingxiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Guangyao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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17
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Tuo D, Gao G, Chang R, Li Z, Ma Y, Wang S, Wang C, Fu B. Effects of revegetation and precipitation gradient on soil carbon and nitrogen variations in deep profiles on the Loess Plateau of China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 626:399-411. [PMID: 29358135 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Precipitation is one of the most important factors affecting the variations in soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) following revegetation. However, the effects of revegetation and precipitation gradients on soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN) and C-N interactions in deep profiles over large scales are poorly understood. This study measured the SOC and TN stocks to depth of 300 cm in three revegetation types (grassland, shrubland and forestland) and paired cropland stands at seven sites along a precipitation gradient with mean annual precipitation (MAP) from 280 to 540 mm yr-1 in the Loess Plateau of China. The results showed that the SOC and TN stocks in the 0-300 cm profile increased along the precipitation gradient. Revegetation did not always result in accumulation of SOC and TN stocks, which depended on the precipitation condition and varied among different vegetation types. Grassland restoration resulted in more SOC and TN accumulation than shrubland and forestland in areas with MAP < 510 mm, whereas there were losses in SOC and TN following grass plantation in sites with MAP > 510 mm. The changes in SOC and TN stocks following revegetation (∆SOC and ∆TN) were significantly correlated with MAP in only the 0-20 cm layer, whereas the changes in the C/N ratio of each depth were significantly and negatively correlated with MAP. The correlations between ∆SOC and ∆TN were stronger in the 0-60 cm layer than that in the 60-300 cm layer, and an accumulation of 1 g TN was associated with approximately 7.9 g increase of SOC in the 0-300 cm profile following revegetation. This study indicated that the changes in soil C and N stocks following revegetation had different patterns along precipitation gradient and among depths, and grassland restoration and N fertilizer input benefitted soil C and N sequestration in drier areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengfeng Tuo
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Guangyao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Joint Center for Global Change Studies, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Ruiying Chang
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zongshan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resources Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Cong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Bojie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Joint Center for Global Change Studies, Beijing 100875, China
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18
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Oliva M, Pereira P, Antoniades D. The environmental consequences of permafrost degradation in a changing climate. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 616-617:435-437. [PMID: 29127797 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Oliva
- Department of Geography, University of Barcelona, Spain.
| | - P Pereira
- Environmental Management Center, Mykolas Romeris University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - D Antoniades
- Department of Géographie, Centre d'Études Nordiques, Université Laval, Canada
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