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Sinha R, Ghosal PS. A comprehensive appraisal on status and management of remediation of DBPs by TiO 2 based-photocatalysts: Insights of technology, performance and energy efficiency. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 328:117011. [PMID: 36525732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Disinfection has been acknowledged as an inevitable technique in water treatment. However, an inadvertent consequence of generation of carcinogenic and mutagenic disinfection byproducts (DBPs) is associated with the reaction of disinfectants and natural organic matter (NOM) present in water. More than 700 DBPs have been identified in drinking water. The conventional processes carried out in WTPs do not optimally ensure NOM elimination, which evokes the need for the incorporation of other processes. In this context, several physicochemical and advanced oxidation processes (AOP), such as adsorption, membrane techniques, photocatalysis, etc., have been studied for the removal of NOM from water. Photocatalysis using semiconductors has been one of the most proficient technologies, which utilizes light energy for the degradation of recalcitrant organics. The present study aims to provide a comprehensive appraisal on the performance of titanium dioxide (TiO2) based photocatalysts in the remediation of DBPs concerning the efficacy and energy requirements of the system. Furthermore, the effect of process parameters, such as pH, catalyst dose, light intensity, etc. on the efficacy of the process was also studied. It was observed that conventional P25-TiO2 powders were efficient in the degradation of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (up to 90%). However, low photocatalytic activity under visible light activation is one of its significant downsides. Several modifications on the catalyst surface in many studies exhibited advantages, such as high humic acid (HA) degradation under visible light. Furthermore, doped TiO2 catalysts have shown high total organic carbon (TOC) degradation. The photocatalytic systems have achieved a better decrease in trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) when compared to haloacetic acid formation potential (HAAFP). The energy requirements of the photocatalytic systems are determined by electrical energy per order (EE/O), which has been observed to be lesser for doped TiO2 and engineered TiO2 catalysts when compared with P25-TiO2 powders. Carbon, iron, silver, etc., based catalysts can be a promising alternative to TiO2-based photocatalysts for the degradation of NOM, although further research is required in this direction. The present review provides critical highlights on the uses, opportunities, and challenges of TiO2-based photocatalytic techniques for the management of DBPs and their precursors pertaining to an emerging area of water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupal Sinha
- School of Water Resources, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India.
| | - Partha Sarathi Ghosal
- School of Water Resources, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India.
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Van Thuan D, Nguyen TBH, Pham TH, Kim J, Hien Chu TT, Nguyen MV, Nguyen KD, Al-Onazi WA, Elshikh MS. Photodegradation of ciprofloxacin antibiotic in water by using ZnO-doped g-C 3N 4 photocatalyst. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136408. [PMID: 36103922 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ciprofloxacin antibiotic (CIP) is one of the antibiotics with the highest rate of antibiotic resistance, if used and managed improperly, can have a negative impact on the ecosystem. In this research, ZnO modified g-C3N4 photocatalyst was prepared and applied for the decomposition of CIP antibiotic compounds in water. The removal performance of CIP by using ZnO/g-C3N4 reached 93.8% under pH 8.0 and an increasing amount of catalyst could improve the degradation performance of the pollutant. The modified ZnO/g-C3N4 completely oxidized CIP at a low concentration of 1 mg L-1 and the CIP removal efficiency slightly decreases (around 13%) at a high level of pollutant (20 mg L-1). The degradation rate of CIP by doped sample ZnO/g-C3N4 was 4.9 times faster than that of undoped g-C3N4. The doped catalyst ZnO/g-C3N4 also displayed high reusability for decomposition of CIP with 89.8% efficiency remaining after 3 cycles. The radical species including ·OH, ·O2- and h+ are important in the CIP degradation process. In addition, the proposed mechanism for CIP degradation by visible light-assisted ZnO/g-C3N4 was claimed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doan Van Thuan
- VK-Tech, Research Center, NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Nguyen Tat Thanh Street, Ward 13, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Tuan B H Nguyen
- VK-Tech, Research Center, NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Nguyen Tat Thanh Street, Ward 13, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thi Huong Pham
- Faculty of Environment, School of Engineering and Technology, Van Lang University, 69/68 Dang Thuy Tram Street, Ward 13, Binh Thanh District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Jitae Kim
- Air Pollution Research Center, Institute of Urban Science, University of Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Thi Thu Hien Chu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Building Materials, Ha Noi University of Civil Engineering (HUCE), Giai Phong, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Minh Viet Nguyen
- VNU-Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Green Growth, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Khoa Dang Nguyen
- Faculty of Environment, School of Engineering and Technology, Van Lang University, 69/68 Dang Thuy Tram Street, Ward 13, Binh Thanh District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Wedad A Al-Onazi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 24251, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
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Pérez-Lucas G, Martínez-Menchón M, Vela N, Navarro S. Removal assessment of disinfection by-products (DBPs) from drinking water supplies by solar heterogeneous photocatalysis: A case study of trihalomethanes (THMs). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 321:115936. [PMID: 35981503 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Solar heterogeneous photocatalysis was used to remove trihalomethanes (THMs) from drinking water. THMs, mainly trichloromethane (TCM), tribromomethane (TBM), bromodichloromethane (BDCM) and dibromochloromethane (DBCM) are one of the main class of disinfection by-products (DBPs). THMs were determined by HSGC-MS with detection limits (LODs) ranging from 0.5 μg L-1 to 0.9 μg L-1 for TCM and BDCM, respectively. Results show that a great proportion of THMs present in water are finally transferred to air as a result of their high volatility in the order TCM > BDCM > DBCM > TBM. The use of band-gap semiconductor materials (TiO2 and mainly ZnO) used as photocatalysts in combination with Na2S2O8 as electron acceptor and sulfate radical anion (SO4•-) generator enhanced the photooxidation of all THMs as compared to photolytic test. The time required for 50% of THMs to disappear (DT50) from water calculated for the most effective treatment (ZnO/Na2S2O8) were 12, 42, 57 and 61 min for TCM, TBM, BDCM, and DBCM, respectively. Therefore, solar heterogeneous photocatalysis can be considered as an interesting strategy for THMs removal, especially in sunny areas like Mediterranean basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Pérez-Lucas
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marina Martínez-Menchón
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Nuria Vela
- Applied Technology Group to Environmental Health. Faculty of Health Science, Catholic University of Murcia, Campus de Los Jerónimos, s/n. Guadalupe, 30107, Murcia, Spain
| | - Simón Navarro
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
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Xie Y, Yin X, Jiao Y, Sun Y, Wang C. Visible-light-responsive photocatalytic inactivation of ofloxacin-resistant bacteria by rGO modified g-C 3N 4. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:63142-63154. [PMID: 35449335 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20326-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The visible light responsive graphitic nitride (g-C3N4) mediated photocatalysis has drawn extensive attention in water treatment field. Carbon doping could improve the photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4 in promoting charge separation efficiency, visible-light utilization, etc. In this paper, the g-C3N4 (as MC) was modified by barbituric acid (as MCB0.07) and further treated by reduced graphene oxide (rGO) (as n%GCN) and then applied to inactivate ofloxacin-resistant bacteria (OFLA) under light irradiation at UVA-visible wavelength. The results showed that the n%GCN presented strong photocatalytic activity when the GO mass ratio was 7.5% (as 7.5%GCN). The inactivation efficiencies of OFLA by MC, MCB0.07, and 7.5%GCN were 5.77 log, 8.48 log, and 8.25 log, respectively, under UVA-visible wavelength (λ > 305 nm), compared to 4.83 log, 5.56 log, and 6.08 log, respectively, within 16 h under visible wavelength (λ > 400 nm). The rGO-doping obviously improved the inactivation efficiency of MCB0.07 on OFLA under visible wavelength. Furthermore, the photoreactivation and dark repair phenomena of OFLA were examined after MC, MCB0.07, and 7.5%GCN treatment, respectively, and it was found that all approaches led to permanent damage to OFLA of which the regrowth was not observed after 24-48 h. Based on the quenching test, reactive oxygen species of O2-• and hole (h+) exhibited dominant roles in the photocatalytic inactivation of OFLA, which may result in oxidative stress and damage to the cell membrane. This study could shed light on the inactivation of OFLA under visible light radiation by rGO modified g-C3N4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Xie
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xiufeng Yin
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yuzhu Jiao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yingxue Sun
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Chun Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
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Li C, He L, Yao X, Yao Z. Recent advances in the chemical oxidation of gaseous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in liquid phase. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 295:133868. [PMID: 35131275 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The chemical oxidation of gaseous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in liquid phase may possess great advantages in its high removal efficiency, mild conditions, good reliability, wide applicability, and little potential secondary pollution, which has aroused extensive research interests in the past decade. This Overview Article summarizes the latest achievements to eliminate VOCs by chemical oxidation in liquid phase including gas-liquid mass transfer, homogeneous/heterogeneous oxidation, electrochemical oxidation, and coupling technologies. Important research contributions are highlighted in terms of mass transfer, catalytic materials, removal/mineralization efficiency, and reaction mechanism to evaluate their potential industrial applications. The current challenges and future strategies are discussed from the viewpoint of the deep degradation of refractory VOC substrates and their intermediates. It is anticipated that this review will attract more attention toward the development and application of chemical oxidation methods to clear complex industrial organic exhaust gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changming Li
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Li He
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xiaolong Yao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Zhiliang Yao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
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Jiang L, Guo Y, Pan J, Zhao J, Ling Y, Xie Y, Zhou Y, Zhao J. N, P, O co-doped carbon filling into carbon nitride microtubes to promote photocatalytic hydrogen production. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 809:151114. [PMID: 34688745 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nitride (CN) as the photocatalytic hydrogen production catalyst has attracted great attentions but suffering from a poor performance due to the unsatisfied energy band gap and the low separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers. Herein, we create a simple method to construct a novel CN-based photocatalyst, i.e., the N, P, O co-doped carbon filled CN microtube, which presents a narrow band gap, a high separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers, and a good stability. In this novel structure, the tubular morphology of CN ensures a narrow band gap, and the N, P, O co-doped carbon facilitates the transfer of photogenerated electrons. Coupling these two further reduces the energy band gap and improves the separation efficiency. For the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution under the visible light, the optimal sample presents an ultrahigh hydrogen evolution rate of 1149.71 μmol g-1 h-1 ranking at the top level, which is 112.60 times that of traditional bulk CN. In addition, it also has a high reusability and good stability after four cycle experiments. This study has provided a new viewpoint to design or develop the high-efficient photocatalysts for hydrogen production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liushan Jiang
- College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Yue Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jianfei Pan
- College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yun Ling
- College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Yu Xie
- College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China.
| | - Yipeng Zhou
- College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Jinsheng Zhao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China.
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Liu W, Kang Q, Wang L, Wen L, Li Z. Facile synthesis of Z-scheme g-C3N4@MIL-100 (Fe) and the efficient photocatalytic degradation on doxycycline and disinfection by-products by coupling with persulfate: Mechanism and pathway. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.128057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Nemiwal M, Zhang TC, Kumar D. Recent progress in g-C 3N 4, TiO 2 and ZnO based photocatalysts for dye degradation: Strategies to improve photocatalytic activity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 767:144896. [PMID: 33636763 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Water contamination by dyes is a matter of concern for human health and the environment. Various methods (membrane separation, coagulation and adsorption) have been explored to remove/degrade dyes. However, now the exploitation of semiconductor assisted materials using renewable solar energy has emerged as a potential candidate to resolve the issue. Although, single component photocatalysts (ZnO, TiO2, ZrO2) were experimented, due to their low efficiency and stability due to the high recombination rate electron-hole pair and inefficient visible light absorption, composites of semiconductor materials are being used. Semiconductor heterojunction systems are developed by coupling two or more semiconductor components. The synergistic effect of their properties, such as adsorption and improved charge carrier migration, is observed to increase overall stability. This review covers recent progress in advanced nanocomposite materials based on g-C3N4, TiO2 and ZnO used as photocatalysts with details of enhancing the photocatalytic properties by heterojunctions, crystallinity and doping. The conclusion at the end displays a summary, research gaps and future outlook. A holistic analysis of recent progress to demonstrate the efficient heterojunctions for photodegradation with optimal conditions, this review will be helpful for the development of efficient heterostructured systems for photodegradation. This review covers references from the year 2017-2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meena Nemiwal
- Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur 302017, India.
| | - Tian C Zhang
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Peter Kiewit Institute, Omaha, NE 68182-0178, USA
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar 382030, India.
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Yin H, Shi H, Sun L, Xia D, Yuan X. Construction of Ag 2O-modified g-C 3N 4 photocatalyst for rapid visible light degradation of ofloxacin. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:11650-11664. [PMID: 33128144 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11390-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The design of stable and highly efficient photocatalysts had emerged as an economic and promising way for eliminating harmful pharmaceutical pollutants. In this study, a series of Ag2O-modified g-C3N4 composites with different Ag2O amounts (denoted as Ag2O-CNx) were fabricated via a facile reflux condensation methodology. Ofloxacin (OFL) was chosen as a model pollutant to evaluate the degradation efficiency of the photocatalytic system. The optimal photocatalytic activity was achieved with Ag2O-CN1.0, which reached up to 99.1% removal of OFL after 15-min reaction and the pseudo-first-order constant was 0.469 min-1, approximately 42 times higher than that of g-C3N4. Considering the complexity of the actual environment, the important influential factors such as catalyst dosage, initial OFL concentration, solution pH, and natural organic matter on the OFL degradation were systematically investigated. Additionally, Ag2O-CN1.0 showed good stability and recyclability in multiple cycle experiments. The feasible photodegradation mechanism of OFL was proposed with radical scavenger experiments, and the degradation products were determined. Furthermore, the enhanced photocatalytic activity could be ascribed to not only the high photogenerated charge separation efficiency and the surface plasmon resonance effect of metallic Ag, but also the p-n heterojunction formed between Ag2O and g-C3N4. Therefore, Ag2O-CN1.0 was a treatment material possessing great application prospects for eliminating OFL in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifen Yin
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430073, China
| | - Hanlu Shi
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430073, China
| | - Lei Sun
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430073, China
- Engineering Research Center for Clean Production of Textile Dyeing and Printing, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430073, China
| | - Dongsheng Xia
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430073, China.
- Engineering Research Center for Clean Production of Textile Dyeing and Printing, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430073, China.
| | - Xiangjuan Yuan
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430073, China.
- Engineering Research Center for Clean Production of Textile Dyeing and Printing, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430073, China.
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Jin B, Zhang J, Xu W, Rolle M, Liu J, Zhang G. Simultaneous determination of stable chlorine and bromine isotopic ratios for bromochlorinated trihalomethanes using GC-qMS. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 264:128529. [PMID: 33038736 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bromochlorinated compounds are organic contaminants originating from different natural and anthropic sources and increasingly found in different environmental compartments. This work presents an online approach for compound specific stable isotope analysis of chlorine and bromine isotope ratios for bromochlorinated trihalomethanes using gas chromatography coupled to quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-qMS). An evaluation scheme was developed to simultaneously determine stable chlorine and bromine isotope ratios based on the mass spectral data of two target compounds: dibromochloromethane and dichlorobromomethane. The analytical technique was optimized by assessing the impact of different instrumental parameters, including dwell time, split ratios, and ionization energy. Successively, static headspace samples containing the two target compounds at aqueous concentrations ranging from 0.1 mg/L to 5 mg/L were analyzed in order to test the precision and reproducibility of the proposed approach. The results showed a good precision under the optimized instrumental conditions, with relative standard deviations ranging between 0.05% and 0.5% for chlorine and bromine isotope analysis. Finally, the method was tested in a source identification problem in which the simultaneous determination of chlorine and bromine stable isotope ratios allowed the clear distinction of dibromochloromethane from three different manufacturers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10069, China.
| | - Jiyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10069, China
| | - Wenli Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10069, China
| | - Massimo Rolle
- DTU Environment, Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jinzhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Gan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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Recent Strategies for Environmental Remediation of Organochlorine Pesticides. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10186286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The amount of organochlorine pesticides in soil and water continues to increase; their presence has surpassed maximum acceptable concentrations. Thus, the development of different removal strategies has stimulated a new research drive in environmental remediation. Different techniques such as adsorption, bioremediation, phytoremediation and ozonation have been explored. These techniques aim at either degrading or removal of the organochlorine pesticides from the environment but have different drawbacks. Heterogeneous photocatalysis is a relatively new technique that has become popular due to its ability to completely degrade different toxic pollutants—instead of transferring them from one medium to another. The process is driven by a renewable energy source, and semiconductor nanomaterials are used to construct the light energy harvesting assemblies due to their rich surface states, large surface areas and different morphologies compared to their corresponding bulk materials. These make it a green alternative that is cost-effective for organochlorine pesticides degradation. This has also opened up new ways to utilize semiconductors and solar energy for environmental remediation. Herein, the focus of this review is on environmental remediation of organochlorine pesticides, the different techniques of their removal from the environment, the advantages and disadvantages of the different techniques and the use of specific semiconductors as photocatalysts.
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Zhang R, Yu Y, Wang H, Du J. Mesoporous TiO 2/g-C 3N 4 composites with O-Ti-N bridge for improved visible-light photodegradation of enrofloxacin. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 724:138280. [PMID: 32247984 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
g-C3N4 makes good prospects in photocatalytic field due to its two-dimensional (2D) structure and visible-light activity. How to improve its photocatalytic activity by minimizing the unexpected recombination of photo-induced charge carries on g-C3N4 motivates our research. Herein, mesoporous TiO2/g-C3N4 composites are fabricated with 2D TiO2(B) nanosheets regulating thermal condensation process of g-C3N4 nanosheets. FT-IR and XPS results suggest that the formation of O-Ti-N chemical bond increases the percentage of N-(C)3 in the conjugated system, accelerating the transportation of photo-induced electrons. The optical property and PL results illustrate that the formed interface heterojunction with chemical bond facilitates the separation and transfer of photo-induced charge carriers. Hence, the removal constant of TiO2/g-C3N4 composites is 46.3 times higher than that of g-C3N4. This study opens up a new insight into the development of composite materials in the field of organic pollutant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Zhang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China
| | - Yaqin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China.
| | - Jingjing Du
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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Naing HH, Wang K, Li Y, Mishra AK, Zhang G. Sepiolite supported BiVO 4 nanocomposites for efficient photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants: Insight into the interface effect towards separation of photogenerated charges. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 722:137825. [PMID: 32217434 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Although the construction of clay-supported photocatalyst is a promising strategy to develop the low cost and high activity photocatalyst, only few works researched the effect of their interfaces on the photocatalytic performance. Herein, a monoclinic BiVO4/sepiolite nanocomposite was fabricated as case to study the transport mechanism of photogenerated carries based on the interfaces effect. The obtained BiVO4/sepiolite nanocomposites exhibited excellent visible light photocatalytic performance. The photocatalytic degradation rates of antibiotic tetracyclines (TCs) and methylene blue (MB) by the nanocomposites are 2 and 5.34 times higher than that by pure BiVO4 under visible light irradiation. XPS and Raman spectra confirmed the strong interfaces effect existing between BiVO4 and sepiolite clay. Moreover, PL and transient photocurrent response suggested that the strong interfaces effect effectively promoted the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and further enhanced the photocatalytic performance. In addition, the results of trapping experiments revealed that the photo-induced holes (h+) were the dominant active species in the photocatalytic mechanism. This work illuminates the photocatalytic mechanism of monoclinic BiVO4/sepiolite nanocomposites and provides a novel strategy for designing the clay-supported photocatalyst for degradation of organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Htet Htet Naing
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Ajay Kumar Mishra
- Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability Unit, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, 1709 Rooderport, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Gaoke Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China; State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
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