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Yang YX, Meng LL, Zhou S, Xia M, Bate B. The physicochemical interacting mechanisms and real-time spectral induced polarization monitoring of lead remediation by an aeolian soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 474:134744. [PMID: 38850933 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Compared to traditional lead-remediating materials, natural-occurring paleosol is ubiquitous and could be a promising alternative due to its rich content in calcite, a substance known for its lead-removal ability via carbonate dissolution-PbCO3 precipitation process. Yet, the capability of paleosol to remediate aqueous solutions polluted with heavy metals, lead included, has rarely been assessed. To fill this gap, a series of column permeation experiments with influent Pb2+ concentrations of 2000, 200, and 20 mg/L were conducted and monitored by the spectral induced polarization technique. Meanwhile, the SEM-EDS, XRD, XPS, FTIR and MIP tests were carried out to unveil the underlying remediation mechanisms. The Pb-retention capacity of paleosol was 1.03 mmol/g. The increasing abundance of Pb in the newly-formed crystals was confirmed to be PbCO3 by XRD, SEM-EDS and XPS. Concurrently, after Pb2+ permeation, the decreasing calcite content in paleosol sample from XRD test, and the appearance of Ca2+ in the effluent confirmed that the dissolution of CaCO3 followed by the precipitation of PbCO3 was the major mechanism. The accumulated Pb (i.e., the diminished Ca) in paleosol was inversely proportional (R2 >0.82) to the normalized chargeability (mn), an SIP parameter denoting the quantity of polarizable units (primarily calcite).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xin Yang
- Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Long-Long Meng
- Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Zhou
- Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Xia
- The Architectural Design & Research Institute of Zhejiang University Co., Ltd, China
| | - Bate Bate
- Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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2
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Tian S, Liu Z, Mao Q, Ye H, Tian C, Zhu Y, Zhang L. Leaching characteristics and environmental impact of heavy metals in tailings under rainfall conditions: A case study of an ion-adsorption rare earth mining area. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 281:116642. [PMID: 38941660 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Following ion-adsorption rare earth mining, the residual tailings experience considerable heavy metal contamination and gradually evolve into a pollution source. Therefore, the leaching characteristics and environmental impact of heavy metals in ion-adsorption rare earth tailings require immediate and thorough investigation. This study adopted batch and column experiments to investigate the leaching behaviour of heavy metals in tailings and assess the impact of tailings on paddy soil, thereby providing a scientific basis for environmental protection in mining areas. The results showed that Mn, Zn, and Pb contents were 431.67, 155.05, and 264.33 mg·kg-1, respectively, which were several times higher than their respective background values, thereby indicating significant heavy metal contamination in the tailings. The batch leaching experiment indicated that Mn and Pb were priority control heavy metals. Heavy metals were divided into fast and slow leaching stages. The Mn and Pb leaching concentrations far exceeded environmental limits. The DoseResp model perfectly fitted the leaching of all heavy metals from the tailings (R2 > 0.99). In conjunction with the findings of the column experiment and correlation analysis, the chemical form, rainfall pH, ammonia nitrogen, and mineral properties were identified as the primary factors controlling heavy metal release from tailings. Rainfall primarily caused heavy metal migration in the acid-extraction form from the tailings. The tailing leachate not only introduced heavy metals into the paddy soil but also caused the transformation of the chemical form of heavy metals in the paddy soil, further exacerbating the environmental risk posed by heavy metals. The study findings are significant for environmental conservation in mining areas and implementing environmentally friendly practices in rare earth mining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Tian
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control in Mining and Metallurgy, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China; School of Resources Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Zuwen Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control in Mining and Metallurgy, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China; School of Resources Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Geotechnical Engineering and Hazards Control, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China; National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Water Engineering Safety and Efficient Utilization of Resources in Poyang Lake Watershed, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330099, China.
| | - Qing Mao
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Geotechnical Engineering and Hazards Control, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Hongmei Ye
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control in Mining and Metallurgy, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China; School of Resources Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Changshun Tian
- School of Resources and Architectural Engineering, Gannan University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China.
| | - Yichun Zhu
- School of Resources Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Geotechnical Engineering and Hazards Control, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Linan Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control in Mining and Metallurgy, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China; School of Resources Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
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Zhou D, Li C, Huang M, Chen X, Xia Y, Huang Y. The metal release and transformation mechanisms of V-Ti magnetite tailings: Role of the alternate flooding and drying cycles and organic acids. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 362:142709. [PMID: 38936491 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
V-Ti magnetite tailings (VTMTs) contain various heavy metals, such as Fe, Mn, V, Co, and Ni. The groundwater pollution caused by the tailing metal release has become a local environmental concern. Although studies have demonstrated the influence of alternate flooding and drying cycles (FDCs) on metal form and mobility in minerals, little was known about whether FDCs affect the metal release of VTMTs and the transformation of released metals. This study investigated the metal release kinetics of VTMTs and the metal transformation under FDCs in the absence and presence of acid rain (sulfuric and nitric acids) and bio-secreted organic acids (acetic, oxalic, and citric acids). The results showed that FDCs promoted metal release whether or not acids were present. The maximum released concentrations of V, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni were as high as 78.63 mg L-1,1.47 mg L-1, 67.96 μg L-1, 1.34 mg L-1, and 0.80 mg L-1, respectively, under FDCs and citric acids. FDCs enhanced the tailing metal release by increasing the metal labile fraction proportion. However, the concentrations of released Fe, Mn, V, Co, and Ni all gradually decreased due to their (co-)precipitation. These precipitates conversely inhibited the subsequent mineral dissolution by covering the tailing surface. FDCs also enhanced the tailings' porosities by 2.94% to 9.94%. The mineral dissolution, expansion and shrinkage, and changes in tension destroyed the tailing microstructure during FDCs. This study demonstrated the low metal pollution risk of VTMTs under FDCs, either in acid rain or bio-secreted organic acids. However, the increase in tailing porosity should be seriously considered as it would affect the tailing pond safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China; State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Chao Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Mingzheng Huang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Yonglian Xia
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Yi Huang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China; State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China.
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Yang J, Ouyang L, Chen S, Zhang C, Zheng J, He S. Amendments affect the community assembly and co-occurrence network of microorganisms in Cd and Pb tailings of the Eucalyptus camaldulensis rhizosphere. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 930:172365. [PMID: 38641118 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Mining tailings containing large amounts of Pb and Cd cause severe regional ecosystem pollution. Soil microorganisms play a regulatory role in the restoration of degraded ecosystems. The remediation of heavy metal-contaminated tailings with amendments and economically valuable Eucalyptus camaldulensis is a research hotspot due to its cost-effectiveness and sustainability. However, the succession and co-occurrence patterns of these microbial communities in this context remain unclear. Tailing samples of five kinds of Cd and Pb were collected in E. camaldulensis restoration models. Physicochemical properties, the proportions of different Cd and Pb forms, microbial community structure, and the co-occurrence network of rhizosphere tailings during different restoration process (organic bacterial manure, organic manure, inorganic fertilizer, bacterial agent) were considered. Organic and organic bacterial manures significantly increased pH, cation exchange capacity, and the proportion of residual Pb. Still, there was a significant decrease in the proportion of reducible Pb. The changes in microbial communities were related to physicochemical properties and the types of amendments. Organic and organic bacterium manures decreased the relative abundance of oligotrophic groups and increased the relative abundance of syntrophic groups. Inorganic fertilizers and bacterial agents decreased the relative abundance of saprophytic fungi. B. subtilis would play a better role in the environment improved by organic manure, increasing the relative abundance of beneficial microorganism and reducing the relative abundance of pathogenic microorganism. pH, cation exchange capacity, and the proportion of different forms of Pb were the main factors affecting the bacterial and fungi variation. All four amendments transformed the main critical groups of the microbial network structure from acidophilus and pathogenic microorganisms to beneficial microorganisms. Heavy metal-resistant microorganisms, stress-resistant microorganisms, beneficial microorganisms that promote nutrient cycling, and copiotrophic groups have become critical to building stable rhizosphere microbial communities. The topological properties and stability of the rhizosphere co-occurrence network were also enhanced. Adding organic and organic bacterium manures combined with E. camaldulensis to repair Cd and Pb tailings improved (1) pH and cation exchange capacity, (2) reduced the biological toxicity of Pb, (3) enhanced the stability of microbial networks, and (4) improved ecological network relationships. These positive changes are conducive to the restoration of the ecological functions of tailings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Yang
- Research Institute of Fast-growing Trees, Chinese Academy of Forestry, State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Zhanjiang 524022, China
| | - Linnan Ouyang
- Research Institute of Fast-growing Trees, Chinese Academy of Forestry, State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Zhanjiang 524022, China.
| | - Shaoxiong Chen
- Research Institute of Fast-growing Trees, Chinese Academy of Forestry, State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Zhanjiang 524022, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Experimental Forest Farm of Qingyuan County,Qingyuan 323800, China
| | - Jiaqi Zheng
- Research Institute of Fast-growing Trees, Chinese Academy of Forestry, State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Zhanjiang 524022, China
| | - Shae He
- Research Institute of Fast-growing Trees, Chinese Academy of Forestry, State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Zhanjiang 524022, China
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Tang L, Gao W, Lu Y, Tabelin CB, Liu J, Li H, Yang W, Tang C, Feng X, Jiang J, Xue S. The formation of multi-metal(loid)s contaminated groundwater at smelting site: Critical role of natural colloids. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 471:134408. [PMID: 38678716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The occurrence and migration of colloids at smelting sites are crucial for the formation of multi-metal(loid)s pollution in groundwater. In this study, the behavior of natural colloids (1 nm-0.45 µm) at an abandoned smelting site was investigated by analyzing groundwater samples filtered through progressively decreasing pore sizes. Smelting activities in this site had negatively impacted the groundwater quality, leading to elevated concentrations of zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and cadmium (Cd). The results showed that heavy metal(loid)-bearing colloids were ubiquitous in the groundwater with the larger colloidal fractions (∼75 -450 nm) containing higher abundances of pollutants. It was also observed that the predominant colloids consisted of Zn-Al layered double hydroxide (LDH), sphalerite, kaolinite, and hematite. By employing multiple analytical techniques, including leaching experiments, soil colloid characterization, and Pb stable isotope measurements, the origin of groundwater colloids was successfully traced to the topsoil colloids. Most notably, our findings highlighted the increased risk of heavy metal(loid)s migration from polluted soils into adjacent sites through the groundwater because of colloid-mediated transport of contaminants. This field-scale investigation provides valuable insights into the geochemical processes governing heavy metal(loid) behavior as well as offering pollution remediation strategies specifically tailored for contaminated groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Tang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Wenyan Gao
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Yongping Lu
- China Railway Seventh Bureau Group Nanjing Engineering Co. Ltd., Nanjing 210012, China
| | - Carlito Baltazar Tabelin
- Department of Materials and Resources Engineering and Technology, College of Engineering, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City 9200, Philippines
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Haifeng Li
- China Railway Seventh Bureau Group Nanjing Engineering Co. Ltd., Nanjing 210012, China
| | - Weichun Yang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Chongjian Tang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Xiang Feng
- Henan Academy of Geology, Henan 450001, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Shengguo Xue
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Hunan 410083, China.
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Ma T, Luo H, Sun J, Dang Z, Lu G. The effect of heavy precipitation on the leaching of heavy metals from tropical coastal legacy tailings. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 186:1-10. [PMID: 38833785 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
The continued growth in demand for mineral resources has led to a large amount of mining wastes, which is a major challenge in the context of carbon neutrality and climate change. In this study, runoff migration, batch leaching, and column experiments were used to investigate the short-, medium-, and long-term leaching of heavy metals from legacy tailings, respectively; the cumulative metal release kinetic equations were established, and the long-term effects of tailings leaching were verified by HYDRUS-1D. In runoff migration experiments, surface dissolution of tailings and the co-migration of adsorbed soil particles by erosion were the main carriers in the early stages of leachate formation (Mn ∼ 65 mg/L and SO42- up to 2697.2 mg/L). Batch leaching tests showed that the concentration of heavy metals in soil leached by acid rain were 0.1 ∼ 22.0 μg/L for Cr, 0.7 ∼ 26.0 μg/L for Cu, 4.8 ∼ 5646.0 μg/L for Mn, 0.3 ∼ 232.4 μg/L for Ni, and 1.3 ∼ 448.0 μg/L for Zn. The results of column experiments indicated that some soluble components and metals with high mobility showed a significant decreasing trend at cumulative L/S ≤ 2. Additionally, the metals have higher leaching rates under TCLP conditions, as shown by Mn > Co > Zn > Cd > Ni > Cu > Pb > Cr. The fitting results of Langmuir equation were closer to the cumulative release of metals in the real case, and the release amounts of Mn, Zn, Co, and Ni were higher with 55, 5.84, 2.66, and 2.51 mg/kg, respectively. The water flow within tailings affects the spatial distribution of metals, which mainly exist in relatively stable chemical fractions (F3 + F4 + F5 > 90 %) after leaching. Numerical simulation verified that Mn in leachate has reached 8 mg/L at a scale of up to 100 years. The research results are expected to provide technical basis for realizing the resource utilization of tailings in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Ma
- Sinopec Maoming Petrochemical Co., Ltd., Maoming 525000, China; School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hanjin Luo
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jianteng Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemcial Pollution Processes and Control, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Zhi Dang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guining Lu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Feng F, Zhou Y, Su W, Sun J, Li Y. Homology and heterogeneity of soil trace elements of coal power production bases in arid and semi-arid areas of Northwest China. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:593. [PMID: 38829441 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12738-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Coal power activities could cause regional fluctuations of trace elements, but the distribution information of these trace elements in arid and semi-arid areas is insufficient. In this study, the soil trace elements (As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, Ge, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn, Sr, Ti, Tl, and Zn) of Ningdong Coal Power Production Base in China were monitored. Results showed that the concentrations of B, Tl, Mn, Pb, Cr, K, Cu, and Co exceeded background values. The maximum risk index reached 265.66, while the trace elements posed a cancer risk to children. Combining correlation analyses (CA), principal component analysis (PCA), and positive matrix factorization (PMF) techniques, it indicated that trace elements were mainly coming from coal combustion (34.15%), livestock farming (17.44%), traffic emissions (12.42%), and natural factors (35.99%). This study reveals the sources and potential ecological risks of soil trace elements in the Ningdong Coal and Power Production Base. It provides a scientific basis for developing targeted environmental management measures and reducing human health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feisheng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mines, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Anhui Province, No. 168, Taifeng Road, Huainan, 232001, China
- Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mines, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Anhui Province, No. 168, Taifeng Road, Huainan, 232001, China
- Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wanli Su
- CHN ENERGY Investment Group Co Ltd, Ningxia Province, Yinchuan City, China.
| | - Jie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mines, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Anhui Province, No. 168, Taifeng Road, Huainan, 232001, China
- Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mines, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Anhui Province, No. 168, Taifeng Road, Huainan, 232001, China
- Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
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Xue R, Wang K, Wang Y, Jiang M, Zhao Q, Jiang J. Effect of freeze-thaw frequency plus rainfall on As and Sb metal(loid)s leaching from the solidified/stabilized soil remediated with Fe-based composite agent. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:171844. [PMID: 38513844 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The composite agent of ferrous sulfate, fly ash, and calcium lignosulfonate (FFC) can remediate the soil contaminated by As and Sb under cyclic freeze-thaw (F-T) via stabilization/solidification (S/S). However, the impact of high-frequency F-T cycles on the leaching behavior and migration of As and Sb in FFC-treated soils remains unclear. Here the leaching concentrations, heavy metal speciation (Wenzel's method), and Hydrus-1d simulations were investigated. The results showed that FFC effectively maintained the long-term S/S efficiency of arsenic remediation subject to an extended rainfall and freeze-thaw cycles, and stabilized the easily mobile form of As. The short-term S/S effect on Sb in the remediated soils suffering from F-T cycles was demonstrated in the presence of FFC. In a 20-year span, the mobility of Sb was affected by the number of F-T cycles (FT60 > FT20 > FT40 > FT0) in soil with a depth of 100 cm. As leaching progressed, FFC slowed the upward proportion of adsorbed As fractions but converted parts of the residual Sb to the form of crystalline Fe/Al (hydro) oxide. Moreover, the adsorption rate and capacity of As also preceded that of Sb. Long-term curative effects of FFC could be observed for As, but further development of agents capable of remedying Sb under cyclic F-T and long-term rainfall was needed. The predictive results on the migration and leaching behavior of heavy metals in S/S remediated soils may provide new insight into the long-term assessment of S/S under natural conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyuan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yipeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Miao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Qingliang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Junqiu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Zhang LM, Long LL, Zhu QR, Chen C, Xu M, Wu J, Yang G. Mechanism and ecological environmental risk assessment of peroxymonosulfate for the treatment of heavy metals in soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:171717. [PMID: 38490419 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Oxidation technologies based on peroxymonosulfate (PMS) have been effectively used for the remediation of soil organic pollutants due to their high efficiency. However, the effects of advanced PMS-based oxidation technologies on other soil pollutants, such as heavy metals, remain unknown. In this study, changes in the form of heavy metals in soil after using PMS and the risk of pollution to the ecological environment were investigated. Furthermore, two risk assessment methods, the mung bean germination toxicity test and groundwater leaching soil column test, were employed to evaluate the soil before and after PMS treatment. The results showed that PMS has a strong ability to degrade complex compounds, enabling the transformation of heavy metals, such as Cd, Pb, and Zn, from stable to active states in the soil. The risk assessments showed that PMS treatment activated heavy metals in the soil, which delayed the growth of plants, increased heavy metal content in plant tissues and the risk of groundwater pollution. These findings provide a new perspective for understanding the effects of PMS on soil, thus facilitating the sustained and reliable development of future research in the field of advanced oxidation applied to soil treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai-Min Zhang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Lab of Agricultural Environment Engineering of Sichuan Provincial Education Department, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lu-Lu Long
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Lab of Agricultural Environment Engineering of Sichuan Provincial Education Department, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Qi-Ran Zhu
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Lab of Agricultural Environment Engineering of Sichuan Provincial Education Department, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Chao Chen
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Lab of Agricultural Environment Engineering of Sichuan Provincial Education Department, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Min Xu
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Lab of Agricultural Environment Engineering of Sichuan Provincial Education Department, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jun Wu
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Lab of Agricultural Environment Engineering of Sichuan Provincial Education Department, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Gang Yang
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Lab of Agricultural Environment Engineering of Sichuan Provincial Education Department, No. 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Sun R, Gao S, Zhang K, Cheng WT, Hu G. Recent advances in alginate-based composite gel spheres for removal of heavy metals. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131853. [PMID: 38679268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The discharge of heavy metal ions from industrial wastewater into natural water bodies is a consequence of global industrialisation. Due to their high toxicity and resistance to degradation, these heavy metal ions pose a substantial threat to human health as they accumulate and amplify. Alginate-based composite gels exhibit good adsorption and mechanical properties, excellent biodegradability, and non-toxicity, making them environmentally friendly heavy metal ion adsorbents for water with promising development prospects. This paper introduces the basic properties, cross-linking methods, synthetic approaches, modification methods, and manufacturing techniques of alginate-based composite gels. The adsorption properties and mechanical strength of these gels can be enhanced through surface modification, multi-component mixing, and embedding. The main production processes involved are sol-gel and cross-linking methods. Additionally, this paper reviews various applications of alginate composite gels for common heavy metals, rare earth elements, and radionuclides and elucidates the adsorption mechanism of alginate composite gels. This study aimed to provide a reference for synthesising new, efficient, and environmentally friendly alginate-based adsorbents and to contribute new ideas and directions for addressing the issue of heavy metal pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyi Sun
- Qilu Lake Field Scientific Observation and Research Station for Plateau Shallow Lake in Yunnan Province, Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Sanshuang Gao
- Qilu Lake Field Scientific Observation and Research Station for Plateau Shallow Lake in Yunnan Province, Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Qilu Lake Field Scientific Observation and Research Station for Plateau Shallow Lake in Yunnan Province, Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China.
| | - Wen-Tong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, China
| | - Guangzhi Hu
- Qilu Lake Field Scientific Observation and Research Station for Plateau Shallow Lake in Yunnan Province, Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China.
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11
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Ma Y, Li C, Yan J, Yu H, Kan H, Yu W, Zhou X, Meng Q, Dong P. Application and mechanism of carbonate material in the treatment of heavy metal pollution: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:36551-36576. [PMID: 38755474 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33225-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Among the many heavy metal pollution treatment agents, carbonate materials show strong flexibility and versatility by virtue of their high adsorption capacity for heavy metals and the characteristics of multiple and simple modification methods. It shows good potential for development. This review summarizes the application of carbonate materials in the treatment of heavy metal pollution according to the research of other scholars. It mainly relates to the application of surface-modified, activated, and nano-sized carbonate materials in the treatment of heavy metal pollution in water. Natural carbonate minerals and composite carbonate minerals solidify and stabilize heavy metals in soil. Solidification of heavy metals in hazardous waste solids is by MICP. There are four aspects of calcium carbonate oligomers curing heavy metals in fly ash from waste incineration. The mechanism of treating heavy metals by carbonate in different media was discussed. However, in the complex environment where multiple types of pollutants coexist, questions on how to maintain the efficient processing capacity of carbonate materials and how to use MICP to integrate heavy metal fixation and seepage prevention in solid waste base under complex and changeable natural environment deserve our further consideration. In addition, the use of carbonate materials for the purification of trace radioactive wastewater and the safe treatment of trace radioactive solid waste are also worthy of further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoqiang Ma
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - ChenChen Li
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Jin Yan
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Hanjing Yu
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Huiying Kan
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Wanquan Yu
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Xinyu Zhou
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Qi Meng
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Peng Dong
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China.
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12
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Wang P, Li J, Hu Y, Cheng H. Environmental performance of unfired bricks produced from co-disposal of mine tailings and municipal solid waste incineration fly ash based on comprehensive leaching tests. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 347:123795. [PMID: 38490524 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The potential leaching of heavy metals is a crucial concern for construction materials produced from solidification/stabilization (S/S) treatment of wastes. This study comprehensively evaluated the leaching characteristics of heavy metals from the unfired bricks produced from co-disposal of Pb-Zn mine tailings and municipal solid waste incineration fly ash using batch, sequential, and semi-dynamic leaching tests. The results show that S/S treatment drastically reduced the leachability of heavy metals from the unfired bricks through lowering their distribution in the acid-soluble fraction. The effective diffusion coefficients of heavy metals within unfired bricks were all below 1.55 × 10-13 cm2/s, which is indicative of low mobility in the environment. The release of heavy metals from the unfired bricks was primarily governed by diffusion and dissolution. Slaking treatment of fly ash significantly reduced the leaching of heavy metals from the unfired bricks due to their improved structural integrity and compactness, which minimizes the surface area in the solid matrix accessible by the leaching medium. The leachability indices of heavy metals within the unfired bricks ranged from 13.12 to 18.10, suggesting that they are suitable for "controlled utilization" in specific scenarios. Compared to untreated mine tailings, converting them into unfired bricks could reduce the releases of heavy metals by several to hundreds of folds. These findings demonstrate that S/S can be an effective and sustainable strategy for co-disposal of mining tailings and incineration fly ash to produce construction materials with sound long-term environmental performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jiangshan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yuanan Hu
- MOE Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hefa Cheng
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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13
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Wang YW, Bai DS, Zhang Y, Luo XG. The role of afforestation with diverse woody species in enhancing and restructuring the soil microenvironment in polymetallic coal gangue dumps. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:29916-29929. [PMID: 38594563 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33164-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
To elucidate the effects of long-term (20 years) afforestation with different woody plant species on the soil microenvironment in coal gangue polymetallic contaminated areas. This study analyzed the soil physicochemical properties, soil enzyme activities, soil ionophore, bacterial community structure, soil metabolite, and their interaction relationships at different vertical depths. Urease, sucrase, and acid phosphatase activities in the shallow soil layers increased by 4.70-7.45, 3.83-7.64, and 3.27-4.85 times, respectively, after the restoration by the four arboreal plant species compared to the plant-free control soil. Additionally, it reduced the content of available elements in the soil and alleviated the toxicity stress for Cd, Ni, Co, Cr, As, Fe, Cu, U, and Pb. After the long-term restoration of arboreal plants, the richness and Shannon indices of soil bacteria significantly increased by 4.77-23.81% and 2.93-7.93%, respectively, broadening the bacterial ecological niche. The bacterial community structure shaped by different arboreal plants exhibited high similarity, but the community similarity decreased with increasing vertical depth. Soils Zn, U, Sr, S, P, Mg, K, Fe, Cu, Ca, Ba, and pH were identified as important influencing factors for the community structure of Sphingomonas, Pseudarthrobacter, Nocardioides, and Thiobacillus. The metabolites such as sucrose, raffinose, L-valine, D-fructose 2, 6-bisphosphate, and oxoglutaric acid were found to have the greatest effect on the bacterial community in the rhizosphere soils for arboreal plants. The results of the study demonstrated that long-term planting for woody plants in gangue dumps could regulate microbial abundance and symbiotic patterns through the accumulation of rhizosphere metabolites in the soil, increase soil enzyme activity, reduce heavy metal levels, and improve the soil environment in coal gangue dumps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wang Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
- Engineering Research Center of Biomass Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | | | - Yu Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Biomass Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
| | - Xue-Gang Luo
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
- Engineering Research Center of Biomass Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
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Wang F, Li W, Wang H, Hu Y, Cheng H. The leaching behavior of heavy metal from contaminated mining soil: The effect of rainfall conditions and the impact on surrounding agricultural lands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 914:169877. [PMID: 38185143 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.169877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Contaminated mining soils could lead to heavy metal pollution of surrounding farmlands under rainfall conditions. With the aids of sequential extraction, batch leaching, and dynamic leaching experiments, this study was carried out to investigate the characteristics of heavy metals in contaminated mining soils, understand their leaching behavior under different rainfall conditions, and evaluate the potential effects on surrounding farmlands. The results indicated that the concentrations of heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb) in the contaminated mining soils were several or even twenty times higher than their corresponding background values, and Cd, Zn, Cu and Pb had considerable proportions (>50 %) in mobile forms. The leaching amounts of heavy metals from the contaminated mining soils had positive correlation with their contents in acid soluble form, and showed strong dependence on rainfall pH conditions. Acid rainfalls (pH = 4.32) can greatly increase the average annual release of Cd, Zn, Cu and Pb from mine soils in the study area, with increments ranging from 72.4 % (Pb) to 85.9 % (Cd) compared to those under alkaline conditions (pH = 7.42). The leaching of heavy metals was well fitted by two-constant, pseudo second-order and parabolic equations, indicating that their multi-layer sorption/desorption behavior on soil surface was dominated by chemical processes and their release was controlled by the diffusion within the soil pore channels. The two-column leaching experiment showed that the metal-rich leachate can lead to obvious increments of heavy metals in non-residual fractions (in particular Cd in acid soluble form) in surrounding farmlands, which would significantly raise the potential ecological risk associated with heavy metals. These findings indicate the importance of contaminated mining soils as a long-term source of heavy metals and the needs for mitigating the releases of toxic elements, especially in areas with heavy acid precipitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- MOE Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wei Li
- MOE Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hao Wang
- MOE Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuanan Hu
- MOE Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Hefa Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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15
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Zhao Y, Yao J, Li H, Sunahara G, Li M, Tang C, Duran R, Ma B, Liu H, Feng L, Zhu J, Wu Y. Effects of three plant growth-promoting bacterial symbiosis with ryegrass for remediation of Cd, Pb, and Zn soil in a mining area. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 353:120167. [PMID: 38308995 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
The quality of soil containing heavy metals (HMs) around nonferrous metal mining areas is often not favorable for plant growth. Three types of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)-assisted ryegrass were examined here to treat Cd, Pb, and Zn contaminated soil collected from a nonferrous metal smelting facility. The effects of PGPR-assisted plants on soil quality, plant growth, and the migration and transformation of HMs were evaluated. Results showed that inter-root inoculation of PGPR to ryegrass increased soil redox potential, urease, sucrase and acid phosphatase activities, microbial calorimetry, and bioavailable P, Si, and K content. Inoculation with PGPR also increased aboveground parts and root length, P, Si, and K contents, and antioxidant enzyme activities. The most significant effect was that the simultaneous inoculation of all three PGPRs increased the ryegrass extraction (%) of Cd (59.04-79.02), Pb (105.56-157.13), and Zn (27.71-40.79), compared to CK control (without fungi). Correspondingly, the inter-root soil contents (%) of total Cd (39.94-57.52), Pb (37.59-42.17), and Zn (34.05-37.28) were decreased compared to the CK1 control (without fungi and plants), whereas their bioavailability was increased. Results suggest that PGPR can improve soil quality in mining areas, promote plant growth, transform the fraction of HMs in soil, and increase the extraction of Cd, Pb, and Zn by ryegrass. PGPR is a promising microbe-assisted phytoremediation strategy that can promote the re-greening of vegetation in the mining area while remediating HMs pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Yao
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China.
| | - Hao Li
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Geoffrey Sunahara
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China; Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111, Lakeshore Drive, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Miaomiao Li
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Chuiyun Tang
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Robert Duran
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China; Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S-UPPA, IPREM, 5254, BP 1155, 64013, Pau, Cedex, France
| | - Bo Ma
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Houquan Liu
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyun Feng
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Junjie Zhu
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Yingjian Wu
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Research Center of Environmental Science and Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China
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16
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Zhao R, Wu X, Zhu G, Zhang X, Liu F, Mu W. Revealing the release and migration mechanism of heavy metals in typical carbonate tailings, East China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 464:132978. [PMID: 37984137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Refining the occurrence characteristics of tailings hazardous materials at source is of great importance for pollution management and ecological reclamation. However, the release and transport of heavy metals (HMs) from tailings under rainfall drenching in simulated real-world environments is less well portrayed, particularly highlighting the inherent neutralisation in tailings wastes under superimposed dynamic conditions. In this study, dynamic leaching columns simulating actual conditions were used to observe the release and transport of HMs from tailings under acid rainfall infiltration at spatial and temporal scales. The release rate of trace elements (e.g., As, Cr, Ni, Pb, Cd) is high. Neutralisation in the presence of carbonate rocks in the gangue reduces HMs release intensity from tailings with high heavy metal content, along with the precipitation of iron oxides and chromium-bearing minerals, etc. In addition, the vertical differentiation of HMs is more relevant to physical processes. In the absence of carbonate rocks in gangue, the lowest pH value is reached within 1.2 h after acid rain infiltrates the tailings. At the same time, Cu, Zn and Cd are released significantly from the minerals at the superficial level. The release of As(III) is mainly concentrated in the early and late stages of water-rock contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Conservation of MWR, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Xiong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Conservation of MWR, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Ge Zhu
- Department of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100011, PR China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Conservation of MWR, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China; School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Fei Liu
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Wenping Mu
- School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, PR China
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17
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Chen Z, Chen Y, Liang J, Sun Z, Zhao H, Huang Y. The Release and Migration of Cr in the Soil under Alternating Wet-Dry Conditions. TOXICS 2024; 12:140. [PMID: 38393235 PMCID: PMC10891877 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12020140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, chromium contamination in soil has emerged as a serious environmental issue, demanding an exploration of chromium's behavioral patterns in different soil conditions. This study aims to simulate the release, migration, and environmental impact of chromium (Cr) in contaminated soils under natural rainfall conditions (wet-dry cycles). Clean soils sourced from Panzhihua were used to cultivate chromium-containing soils. Simulated rainfall, prepared in the laboratory, was applied to the cultivated chromium-containing soils in indoor simulated leaching experiments. The experiments simulated three years of rainfall in Panzhihua. The results indicate that soils with higher initial Cr contents result in higher Cr concentrations in the leachate, but all soils exhibit a low cumulative Cr release. The leachate shows similar patterns in total organic carbon (TOC), pH, electrical conductivity, and Cr content changes. An analysis of the speciation of Cr in the soil after leaching reveals a significant decrease in the exchangeable fraction for each Cr species, while the residual and oxidizable Cr fractions exhibit notable increases. The wet-dry cycle has the following effects on the soil: it induces internal reduction reactions in the soil, leading to the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III); it alters the binding of Cr ions to the soil, affecting the migration of chromium; and it involves microorganisms in chemical processes that consume organic matter in the soil. After three years of rainwater leaching, chromium-containing soils released a relatively low cumulative amount of total chromium, resulting in a reduced potential risk of groundwater system contamination. Most of the chromium in the chromium-containing soil is fixed within the soil, leading to less biotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Geosciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China; (Z.C.); (Y.C.); (H.Z.)
| | - Ying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Geosciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China; (Z.C.); (Y.C.); (H.Z.)
| | - Jing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Collaborative Control and Joint Remediation of Soil and Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China; (J.L.); (Z.S.)
| | - Zhiyu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Collaborative Control and Joint Remediation of Soil and Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China; (J.L.); (Z.S.)
| | - Haoren Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Geosciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China; (Z.C.); (Y.C.); (H.Z.)
| | - Yi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Geosciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China; (Z.C.); (Y.C.); (H.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Collaborative Control and Joint Remediation of Soil and Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China; (J.L.); (Z.S.)
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18
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Huang Z, Li F, Cui W, Cao G, Yao J. Simulating arsenic discharge flux at a relic smelting site in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:12094-12111. [PMID: 38225495 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31695-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Anthropogenic groundwater arsenic (As) pollution is common in many aquifers in Southwest China. It is concerned that long-term random disposal of As smelting slag could induce the transport of high-As groundwater into previously uncontaminated aquifers. Here, we used HELP-MODFLOW-MT3DMS model simulations to integrate the percolation, groundwater flow, and solute transport processes at an aquifer at site scale, constrained by weather, hydrogeology, and monitoring data. Our simulations provide a new method framework of the simulated percolation by HELP model and have induced As spatiotemporal distribution in the aquifer. According to the HELP model simulation results, percolation volume accounts for 24% of rainfall over 18 years. This work determined that the As discharge trend was fitted by double-constants kinetics based on the leaching experiment. And this work calculates total mass distribution of As in the aquifer over 18 years. We have found that the sustained As pollution relies on the rainfall that acts as the primary contributor of elevated As concentrations. Model simulation results suggest that 51.70% of the total As mass (1.96 × 104 kg) was fixed in low permeability solid media. The total As mass discharged into groundwater reached 9.3 × 103 kg, accounting for 24.68%. The accumulative outflow mass of arsenic was 8.0 × 103 kg, accounting for 21.62%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhong Huang
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengyan Li
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihua Cui
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guoliang Cao
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Yao
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
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19
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Zheng X, Qiu S, Zhou B, Li Q, Chen M. Leaching of heavy metals from tungsten mining tailings: A case study based on static and kinetic leaching tests. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 342:123055. [PMID: 38065334 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metal (HM) leaching from tungsten mine tailings is a serious environmental risk. In this study, we assess the HM pollution level of tungsten tailings, determine the HM leaching patterns and mechanisms, and estimate the HM fluxes from a tailings reservoir. The results showed that the comprehensive pollution index (CRSi) values that decreased in order of the HM pollution levels in the tailings were cadmium (Cd) > tungsten (W) > lead (Pb) > copper (Cu) = zinc (Zn) > arsenic (As) > manganese (Mn). This result indicated that Cd, W, and Pb were priority pollutants in tailings. The Res fraction of all HMs was greater than 50%. Pb and Cd had similar species fractions with high Exc fractions, and tungsten had a considerable proportion of the Wat fraction. The general acid neutralizing capacity (GANC) test divides the leaching process of HMs into two stages, and each of stage is affected by different mechanisms. A neutral environment promoted tungsten leaching in the column leching test, while an acidic environment promoted Cd and Pb leaching. In addition, the pH effect was more obvious in the early stage. The kinetic fitting results showed that the second-order dynamic model well simulated the leaching of W, Pb, and Cd in most cases. Based on column kinetic leaching test results and tailings parameters, the annual W, Pb, and Cd fluxes were estimated to be 6.35 × 108, 1.3288 × 109, and 1.012 × 108 mg/year, respectively. The above results can guide the environmental management of tungsten tailing reservoirs, such as selecting suitable repair materials and estimating repair service times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Zheng
- Cooperative Innovation Center jointly established by the Ministry and the Ministry of Rare Earth Resources Development and Utilization, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Control in Mining and Metallurgy of Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Shiyue Qiu
- Cooperative Innovation Center jointly established by the Ministry and the Ministry of Rare Earth Resources Development and Utilization, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Control in Mining and Metallurgy of Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Buchan Zhou
- Cooperative Innovation Center jointly established by the Ministry and the Ministry of Rare Earth Resources Development and Utilization, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Control in Mining and Metallurgy of Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Qi Li
- Cooperative Innovation Center jointly established by the Ministry and the Ministry of Rare Earth Resources Development and Utilization, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Control in Mining and Metallurgy of Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Ming Chen
- Cooperative Innovation Center jointly established by the Ministry and the Ministry of Rare Earth Resources Development and Utilization, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Control in Mining and Metallurgy of Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China.
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Li W, Deng Y, Wang H, Hu Y, Cheng H. Potential risk, leaching behavior and mechanism of heavy metals from mine tailings under acid rain. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:140995. [PMID: 38128738 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The leaching of heavy metals from abandoned mine tailings can pose a severe threat to surrounding areas, especially in the regions influenced by acid rain with high frequency. In this study, the potential risks of heavy metals in the tailings collected from a small-scale abandoned multi-metal mine was assessed, and their leaching behavior and mechanism were investigated by batch, semi-dynamic and in situ leaching experiments under simulated and natural rainfall conditions. The results suggested that Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd in the tailings could cause high/very high risks. Both batch and semi-dynamic leaching tests consistently confirmed that the leaching of heavy metals (particularly Cd) could lead to serious pollution of the surrounding environment. The leaching rates of heavy metals were pH-dependent and related to their chemical speciations in the mine tailings. The leaching behavior of Cu and Cd was dominated by surface wash-off, Zn was controlled by diffusion initially and then surface wash-off, and the leaching mechanisms of Pb and As varied with the pH conditions. It was estimated that acid rain could greatly elevate the release fluxes of Zn (20.8%), Cu (36.7%), Pb (49.9%) and Cd (35.3%) in the study area. These findings could improve the understanding of the leaching behavior of heavy metals from mine tailings and assist in developing appropriate management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- MOE Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yu Deng
- MOE Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hao Wang
- MOE Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yuanan Hu
- MOE Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Hefa Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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21
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Xue S, Wang Y, Jiang J, Tang L, Xie Y, Gao W, Tan X, Zeng J. Groundwater heavy metal(loid)s risk prediction based on topsoil contamination and aquifer vulnerability at a zinc smelting site. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 341:122939. [PMID: 37981182 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater pollution is a recurrent problem in abandoned non-ferrous metal smelting sites, and its severity is influenced by topsoil contamination, hydrogeological characteristics, and hydrogeochemical conditions. In such unique areas, traditional methods for evaluating groundwater pollution risk are biased, as the long production history of these sites have led to highly polluted and heterogeneous soil and groundwater. Herein, based on a typical lead-zinc smelting site, As, Pb, Zn, Cd, Mn, and Ni were found to be the predominant heavy metal (loid)s in groundwater, with respective exceedance rates of 44.4%, 50.0%, 72.2%, 88.9%, 88.9%, and 61.1%. Combined with the groundwater pollution characteristics, the representative hydrogeochemical factors were screened out to optimize the following aquifer vulnerability evaluation using the AHP-DRASTICH method. A comprehensive evaluation model (DI-NCPI) for groundwater pollution risk was established by combining the DRASTICH index (DI) obtained after optimization and the Nemerow comprehensive contamination index (NCPI) of topsoil. The fit between DI-NCPI and groundwater heavy metal (loid) pollution index reached 0.956, which laterally confirms that the model has some reference value. In terms of distribution, the high-risk and very high-risk zones were mainly concentrated in the zinc smelting system, located in the southeastern and central-western parts of the site. These areas have relatively high levels of topsoil contamination and aquifer vulnerability and require focused attention in site remediation. This research highlights the importance of combining topsoil contamination and aquifer vulnerability to evaluate groundwater pollution risk in smelting areas. It provides a more targeted reference for groundwater remediation strategies in abandoned smelting sites, as well as severely polluted industrial areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengguo Xue
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China.
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Jun Jiang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Lu Tang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Yi Xie
- New World Environment Protection Group of Hunan, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Wenyan Gao
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Xingyao Tan
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Jiaqing Zeng
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
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22
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Vinayagam S, Sathishkumar K, Ayyamperumal R, Natarajan PM, Ahmad I, Saeed M, Alabdallah NM, Sundaram T. Distribution and transport of contaminants in soil through mining processes and its environmental impact and health hazard assessment: A review of the prospective solutions. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 240:117473. [PMID: 37871785 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Environmental regulations were concerned with support in reaction to the enormous ecological harm caused by mining in the past. Because mining, dumping, and tailings can generate waste and radioactive consequences, society must develop methods for successfully treating mining waste from mine dumps, tailings, and abandoned mines. Strict policies associated with environmental regulations to avoid the possible dangers caused by garbage and radioactivity. Several characteristics, including background contamination from natural sources related to mineral deposits, contamination from industrial activities in three-dimensional subsurface space, a problem with long-term remediation following mine closure, a problem with secondary contaminated areas near mine sites, land use conflicts, and abandoned mines, distinguish it. Reusing and recycling mine waste occasionally results in cost-effective advantages in the mining sector by offsetting natural resource requirements and reducing the volume of garbage materials. These benefits stem from recycling and reusing mining waste, which can lower the amount of garbage that must be managed. This review focuses on realistic strategies for anticipating mining exploration control and attempts to examine those methods in-depth. Management strategies for limiting the environmental impact of mining dumps, stockpiles, and tailings were discussed. The environmental assessment was also mentioned to carry out specific control and take preventive actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saranya Vinayagam
- Department of Biosciences, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India
| | - Kuppusamy Sathishkumar
- Rhizosphere Biology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India
| | - Ramamoorthy Ayyamperumal
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental System, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Prabhu Manickam Natarajan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences and Research, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadiyah M Alabdallah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia; Basic & Applied Scientific Research Centre, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thanigaivel Sundaram
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science & Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
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23
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Chen T, Wen X, Zhou J, Lu Z, Li X, Yan B. A critical review on the migration and transformation processes of heavy metal contamination in lead-zinc tailings of China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 338:122667. [PMID: 37783414 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
The health risks of lead-zinc (Pb-Zn) tailings from heavy metal (HMs) contamination have been gaining increasing public concern. The dispersal of HMs from tailings poses a substantial threat to ecosystems. Therefore, studying the mechanisms of migration and transformation of HMs in Pb-Zn tailings has significant ecological and environmental significance. Initially, this study encapsulated the distribution and contamination status of Pb-Zn tailings in China. Subsequently, we comprehensively scrutinized the mechanisms governing the migration and transformation of HMs in the Pb-Zn tailings from a geochemical perspective. This examination reveals the intricate interplay between various biotic and abiotic constituents, including environmental factors (EFs), characteristic minerals, organic flotation reagents (OFRs), and microorganisms within Pb-Zn tailings interact through a series of physical, chemical, and biological processes, leading to the formation of complexes, chelates, and aggregates involving HMs and OFRs. These interactions ultimately influence the migration and transformation of HMs. Finally, we provide an overview of contaminant migration prediction and ecological remediation in Pb-Zn tailings. In this systematic review, we identify several forthcoming research imperatives and methodologies. Specifically, understanding the dynamic mechanisms underlying the migration and transformation of HMs is challenging. These challenges encompass an exploration of the weathering processes of characteristic minerals and their interactions with HMs, the complex interplay between HMs and OFRs in Pb-Zn tailings, the effects of microbial community succession during the storage and remediation of Pb-Zn tailings, and the importance of utilizing process-based models in predicting the fate of HMs, and the potential for microbial remediation of tailings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Xiaocui Wen
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xueying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Bo Yan
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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Guo Z, Yang J, Li K, Shi J, Peng Y, Sarkodie EK, Miao B, Liu H, Liu X, Jiang L. Leaching Behavior of As and Pb in Lead-Zinc Mining Waste Rock under Mine Drainage and Rainwater. TOXICS 2023; 11:943. [PMID: 37999595 PMCID: PMC10675770 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11110943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
At present, the pollution of arsenic (As) and lead (Pb) is becoming increasingly serious. The pollution caused by the release of As and Pb from lead-zinc mines has seriously affected the water and soil environment and threatened human health. It is necessary to reveal the release characteristics of As and Pb. The actual scene of mine drainage (MD) and rainwater (RW) leaching waste rocks is the one of the main reasons for the release of As and Pb. However, the leaching behavior of As and Pb in these waste rocks under MD and RW suffered from a lack of in-depth research. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of As and Pb in waste rocks (S1-S6) by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), and then, the changes in As and Pb concentration and the hydrochemical parameter in leaching solution were systematically studied. Furthermore, the correlation between the release of As and Pb and mineral composition was also evaluated. Results showed that these waste rocks were mainly composed of carbonate and sulfide minerals. As and Pb were mainly bounded or associated with sulfide minerals such as arsenopyrite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, and galena in these waste rocks, and small parts of As and Pb were absorbed or encased by clay minerals such as kaolinite and chlorite. Under MD and RW leaching, the pH, redox potential (Eh), and electric conductivity (EC) of each waste rock tended to be consistent due to their buffering ability; the leachate pH of waste rocks with more carbonate minerals was higher than that of sulfide minerals. Both As and Pb were released most under MD leaching in comparison to RW, reaching 6.57 and 60.32 mg/kg, respectively, due to MD's low pH and high Eh value. However, As in waste rock released more under alkaline conditions because part of the arsenic was in the form of arsenate. As and Pb release were mainly positively correlated with the proportions of sulfide minerals in these waste rocks. MD leaching significantly promoted the release of As and Pb from waste rocks, which would cause a great threat to the surrounding environment, and control measures were imperative. This paper not only reveals the As and Pb pollution mechanism around the lead-zinc mining area but also provides a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of As and Pb pollution in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Luhua Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; (Z.G.); (J.Y.); (K.L.); (J.S.); (Y.P.); (E.K.S.); (B.M.); (H.L.); (X.L.)
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25
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Wu H, Cheng N, Chen P, Zhou F, Fan Y, Qi M, Shi J, Zhang Z, Ren R, Wang C, Liang D. Integrative risk assessment method via combining geostatistical analysis, random forest, and receptor models for potentially toxic elements in selenium-rich soil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 337:122555. [PMID: 37714402 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Revealing the spatial features and source of associated potentially toxic elements (PTEs) is crucial for the safe use of selenium (Se)-rich soils. An integrative risk assessment (GRRRA) approach based on geostatistical analysis (GA), random forest (RF), and receptor models (RMs) was first established to investigate the spatial distribution, sources, and potential ecological risks (PER) of PTEs in 982 soils from Ziyang City, a typical natural Se-rich area in China. RF combined with multiple RMs supported the source apportionment derived from the RMs and provided accurate results for source identification. Then, quantified source contributions were introduced into the risk assessment. Eighty-three percent of the samples contain Cd at a high PER level in local Se-rich soils. GA based on spatial interpolation and spatial autocorrelation showed that soil PTEs have distinct spatial characteristics, and high values are primarily distributed in this research areas. Absolute principal component score/multiple line regression (APCS/MLR) is more suitable than positive matrix factorization (PMF) for source apportionment in this study. RF combined with RMs more accurately and scientifically extracted four sources of soil PTEs: parent material (48.91%), mining (17.93%), agriculture (8.54%), and atmospheric deposition (24.63%). Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) demonstrates a 47.73% probability of a non-negligible risk (RI > 150) caused by parent material and 3.6% from industrial sources, respectively. Parent material (64.20%, RI = 229.56) and mining (16.49%, RI = 58.96) sources contribute to the highest PER of PTEs. In conclusion, the GRRRA method can comprehensively analyze the distribution and sources of soil PTEs and effectively quantify the source contribution to PER, thus providing the theoretical foundation for the secure utilization of Se-rich soils and environmental management and decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Nan Cheng
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Ping Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yao Fan
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Mingxing Qi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Jingyi Shi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- Shaanxi Hydrogeolog Engineering Geosciences and Environment Geosciences Investigation Institution, China
| | - Rui Ren
- Shaanxi Hydrogeolog Engineering Geosciences and Environment Geosciences Investigation Institution, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Dongli Liang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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26
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Ma M, Xu X, Ha Z, Su Q, Lv C, Li J, Du D, Chi R. Deep insight on mechanism and contribution of arsenic removal and heavy metals remediation by mechanical activation phosphogypsum. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122258. [PMID: 37536479 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic-containing wastewater and arsenic-contaminated soil can cause serious environmental pollution. In this study, phosphogypsum with partial mechanical activation of calcium oxide was used to prepare a new phosphogypsum-based passivate (Ca-mPG), and its remediation performance on arsenic-contaminated soil was evaluated in terms of both effectiveness and microbial response. The results showed that the optimum conditions for the preparation of the passivate were optimized in terms of single factor and response surface with a ball milling speed of 200 r/min, a material ratio of 6:4 and a ball milling time of 4 h. Under these conditions, the adsorption capacity was 37.75 mg/g. The leaching concentration of arsenic (As) in the contaminated soil after Ca-mPG modification decreased from 25.75 μg/L to 5.88 μg/L, which was lower than the Chinese national standard (GB/T 5085.3-2007); Ca-mPG also showed excellent passivation effect on other heavy Metals (copper, nickel, cadmium, zinc). In addition, As-resistant bacteria and passivators work together to promote the stabilization effect of contaminants during the remediation of As-contaminated soil. The mechanisms of Cu, As(III)/As(V), Zn, Cd, and Ni removal were related to ion exchange, electrostatic adsorption of substances on heavy metals, calcium binding to other substances to produce precipitation; and microbially induced stabilization of HMs, oxidized. Overall, this study demonstrates an eco-friendly "waste-soil remediation" strategy to solve problems associated with solid waste reuse and remediation of HM-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Ma
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China; Hubei Novel Reactor & Green Chemical Technology Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Xingfa Mining Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Xiangqun Xu
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Zhihao Ha
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Qingmuke Su
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Chenyang Lv
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Jia Li
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Dongyun Du
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China.
| | - Ruan Chi
- Hubei Novel Reactor & Green Chemical Technology Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Xingfa Mining Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
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27
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Zhu K, He Y, Feng D, Jiang W, Zhang K. Leaching behavior of copper tailings solidified/stabilized using hydantoin epoxy resin and red clay. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118876. [PMID: 37678018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Tailings produced by mining engineering and metal smelting industries have become a major challenge to the ecological environment and human health. Environmental compatibility, mechanical stability, and economic feasibility have restricted the treatment and reuse of tailings. A novel solidification/stabilization technology using hydantoin epoxy resin (HER) and red clay for copper tailing treatment was developed, and the leaching behaviors of solidified/stabilized copper tailings were investigated in this paper. The leaching characteristics were analyzed by toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) leaching tests. Besides, the influence of red clay content and acid rain on the permeability characteristics and leaching characteristics were investigated based on flexible-wall column tests and microstructure tests. The results showed that the copper tailings solidification/stabilization technology with HER and red clay had excellent performances in toxicity stabilization. The leaching concentration of Cu in TCLP tests and flexible wall column tests remained within the limit specified by the Chinese national standard, and the concentration of Cu decreased significantly with the increase of the red clay content. Moreover, acid rain leaching changed the mineral composition and microstructure of solidified tailings, and the porosity of the samples increased with the dissolution of soluble minerals. Additionally, the hydraulic conductivities decreased slightly with the increase in the pH value of acid rain, and the solidified sample with 5% red clay had the lowest hydraulic conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaofei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring (Central South University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, PR China; School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Yong He
- Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring (Central South University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, PR China; School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China.
| | - Deshan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring (Central South University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, PR China; School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Wenqiang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring (Central South University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, PR China; School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Keneng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring (Central South University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410083, PR China; School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
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He Y, Zhang Q, Wang W, Hua J, Li H. The multi-media environmental behavior of heavy metals around tailings under the influence of precipitation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 266:115541. [PMID: 37806132 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Precipitation can lead to significant leaching of heavy metals from abandoned tailings,resulting in a decline in the quality of the surrounding environment. This study aimed to simulate and quantify the migration patterns and fate of heavy metals in tailings caused by precipitation in various environmental media (tailings, air, water, soil, and sediments) using leaching tests, source apportionment, and a fugacity model. Results revealed that the average contents of Cd, Cu, As, Pb, Zn, and Cr in the un-weathered tailings were 3.43, 495.56, 160.70, 138.94, 536.57, and 69.52 mg/kg, respectively. The ecological risk factors in the tailings as well as in sediments and soils, were in the following order: Cd >Cu >As >Pb >Zn >Cr. A fugacity model based on the mass-balance methods was established, achieving a good agreement between simulation and measured values. The total amounts of Cd, Cu, As, Pb, and Zn leached from abandoned tailings over the 30-year evaluation period were estimated to be 1.09, 62.44, 0.16, 0.94, and 102.12 t, respectively. Soil and sediments are important reservoirs for heavy metals. The sum of the As, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn storage capacities in the soil and sediment accounted for 77.28%, 75.63%, 73.94%, 69.39%, and 57.80% of the total storage capacity, respectively. This study could provide the means for the establishment of a targeted pollution control plan, a guide for restoration projects, and will aid in controlling pollution risk and improving the surrounding environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie He
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Technical Centre for Soil, Agricultural and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agricultural and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Wenjie Wang
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agricultural and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Jie Hua
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agricultural and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Haisheng Li
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
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29
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Ma M, Ha Z, Xu X, Lv C, Li C, Du D, Chi R. Simultaneous immobilization of multiple heavy metals in polluted soils amended with mechanical activation waste slag. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 894:164730. [PMID: 37308014 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal soil contamination has become an increasingly serious problem in industrial development. However, industrial byproducts used for remediation are one aspect of green remediation that can contribute to sustainable practices in waste recycling. In this study, electrolytic manganese slags (EMS) were mechanically activated and modified into a passivator (M-EMS), and the heavy metal adsorption performance of M-EMS, heavy metal passivation ability in soil, dissolved organic matter (DOM) change and its effect on the microbial community structure of soil were investigated. The findings revealed that the maximum adsorption capacities of As(V), Cd2+, Cu2+ and Pb2+ were 76.32 mg/g, 301.41 mg/g, 306.83 mg/g and 826.81 mg/g, respectively, indicating that M-EMS demonstrated remarkable removal performance for different heavy metals. The Langmuir model fits Cd2+, Cu2+ and Pb2+ better than the Freundlich model, and monolayer adsorption is the main process. Surface complexation played a major role in the As(V) adsorption's on the surface of metal oxides in M-EMS. The passivation effect was ranked as Pb > Cr > As>Ni > Cd > Cu, with the highest passivation rate of 97.59 % for Pb, followed by Cr (94.76 %), then As (71.99 %), Ni (65.17 %), Cd (61.44 %), and the worst one was Cu (25.17 %). In conclusion, the passivator has the effect of passivation for each heavy metal. The addition of passivating agent can enhance the diversity of microorganisms. Then it can change the dominant flora and induce the passivation of heavy metals through microorganisms. XRD, FTIR, XPS and the microbial community structure of soil indicated that M-EMS can stabilize heavy metals in contaminated soils through four main mechanisms: ion exchange, electrostatic adsorption, complex precipitation and the microbially induced stabilization. The results of this study may provide new insights into the ecological remediation of multiple heavy-metal-contaminated soils and water bodies and research on the strategy of waste reduction and harmlessness by using EMS-based composites in combination with heavy metals in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Ma
- Hubei Novel Reactor & Green Chemical Technology Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China; Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Pollution Control of Hubei Province, College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhihao Ha
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China; Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Pollution Control of Hubei Province, College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiangqun Xu
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China; Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Pollution Control of Hubei Province, College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chenyang Lv
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China; Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Pollution Control of Hubei Province, College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Changyi Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China; Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Pollution Control of Hubei Province, College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Dongyun Du
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China; Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Pollution Control of Hubei Province, College of Resources and Environmental Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Ruan Chi
- Hubei Novel Reactor & Green Chemical Technology Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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30
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Zhang X, Wang P, Li J, Gao Y, Liu S, Fu S, Onyekwena CC, Lei X. Exploring the migration and transformation behaviors of heavy metals and ammonia nitrogen from electrolytic manganese residue to agricultural soils through column leaching test. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:93199-93212. [PMID: 37507563 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28820-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) and ammonia nitrogen (AN) leaching from electrolytic manganese residue (EMR) result in the contamination of agricultural soils and water bodies. Batch and column leaching tests were conducted to simulate the release of HMs and AN in EMR during precipitation, as well as their migration and transformation in agricultural soils. The results show that Mn, AN, Cd, Ni, and Zn present in the EMR had high acid soluble fraction (un-fixed AN) content, and the leachability of Mn and AN was significantly higher than that of other hazardous elements. The cumulative release of hazardous elements in the EMR stockpile was well-fitted (R2 > 0.95) by the HILL model. Significant HMs and AN accumulated in the agricultural soils after contamination from the EMR leachate. The pollution degree of HMs in agricultural soils was ranked as Mn > Ni > Pb ≈ Zn ≈ Cr > Cd. The acid soluble fraction (un-fixed AN) content of Mn, Ni, Zn, and AN in agricultural soils increased significantly. The risk assessment code shows that the risk level of Mn in agricultural soils changed from medium to high; Ni and Zn in surface soils changed from low to medium. These results indicated that the leaching from EMR would significantly increase the ecological risk of HMs in surrounding agricultural soils, and the large release of AN would pose a great threat to aquatic systems if not properly addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
- School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Jiangshan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yonghong Gao
- School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Shiyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
- School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Saiou Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Chikezie Chimere Onyekwena
- State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xuewen Lei
- School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
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31
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Smieska L, Guerinot ML, Olson Hoal K, Reid M, Vatamaniuk O. Synchrotron science for sustainability: life cycle of metals in the environment. Metallomics 2023; 15:mfad041. [PMID: 37370221 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfad041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The movement of metals through the environment links together a wide range of scientific fields: from earth sciences and geology as weathering releases minerals; to environmental sciences as metals are mobilized and transformed, cycling through soil and water; to biology as living things take up metals from their surroundings. Studies of these fundamental processes all require quantitative analysis of metal concentrations, locations, and chemical states. Synchrotron X-ray tools can address these requirements with high sensitivity, high spatial resolution, and minimal sample preparation. This perspective describes the state of fundamental scientific questions in the lifecycle of metals, from rocks to ecosystems, from soils to plants, and from environment to animals. Key X-ray capabilities and facility infrastructure for future synchrotron-based analytical resources serving these areas are summarized, and potential opportunities for future experiments are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa Smieska
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS), Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Mary Lou Guerinot
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Karin Olson Hoal
- Department of Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Matthew Reid
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Olena Vatamaniuk
- School of Integrative Plant Science Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca NY 14853, USA
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32
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Zhao L. Immobilization of Cr(VI)-containing tailings by using slag-cementing materials for cemented paste backfill: influence of sulfate and limestone addition. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:91984-91996. [PMID: 37479941 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28605-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals in mine tailings lead to serious environmental problems. Cemented paste backfill (CPB) is widely used for treating the mine tailing. The high cost of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) reduces the profit of mine production. The work investigates the treatment of Cr(VI)-containing tailings by using slag-based cementitious materials for CPB. Flue gas desulfurization gypsum (FGDG) and limestone were used to modify the properties of samples. Results showed that the coupling addition of 6 wt% FGDG and 3 wt% limestone (A6L3) led to the highest compressive strength of CPB samples, which also presented satisfactory immobilization effects for Cr(VI). The compressive strength of CPB samples using A6L3 as a binder was comparable to the OPC-based sample, reaching about 5.53 MPa; the immobilization efficiency for Cr(VI) was about 99.5%. The effects of FGDG and limestone were twofold: the addition of FGDG favored the formation of ettringite and then contributed to a more compact structure; besides, incorporating limestone increased the packing density of the CPB system by decreasing the loosening and wedge effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liding Zhao
- Department of Mining Engineering, Luliang University, Lvliang, 033000, China.
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33
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Liu J, Yuan W, Ouyang Q, Bao Z, Xiao J, Xiong X, Cao H, Zhong Q, Wan Y, Wei X, Zhang Y, Xiao T, Wang J. A novel application of thallium isotopes in tracing metal(loid)s migration and related sources in contaminated paddy soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 882:163404. [PMID: 37059145 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Thallium (Tl) is a highly toxic heavy metal, which is harmful to plants and animals even in trace amounts. Migration behaviors of Tl in paddy soils system remain largely unknown. Herein, Tl isotopic compositions have been employed for the first time to explore Tl transfer and pathway in paddy soil system. The results showed considerably large Tl isotopic variations (ε205Tl = -0.99 ± 0.45 ~ 24.57 ± 0.27), which may result from interconversion between Tl(I) and Tl(III) under alternative redox conditions in the paddy system. Overall higher ε205Tl values of paddy soils in the deeper layers were probably attributed to abundant presence of Fe/Mn (hydr)oxides and occasionally extreme redox conditions during alternative dry-wet process which oxidized Tl(I) to Tl(III). A ternary mixing model using Tl isotopic compositions further disclosed that industrial waste contributed predominantly to Tl contamination in the studied soil, with an average contribution rate of 73.23%. All these findings indicate that Tl isotopes can be used as an efficient tracer for fingerprinting Tl pathway in complicated scenarios even under varied redox conditions, providing significant prospect in diverse environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Waters Quality & Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wenhuan Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Waters Quality & Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qi'en Ouyang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Waters Quality & Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhi'an Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- SKLLQG, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IEECAS), Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xinni Xiong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Waters Quality & Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huimin Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Waters Quality & Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qiaohui Zhong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Waters Quality & Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuebing Wan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Waters Quality & Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xudong Wei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Waters Quality & Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Agripolis Campus, Viale dell'Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Yongqi Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Waters Quality & Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tangfu Xiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Waters Quality & Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Waters Quality & Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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34
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Tang L, Liu J, Zeng J, Luo X, Ke W, Li C, Gao W, Jiang J, Xue S. Anthropogenic processes drive heterogeneous distributions of toxic elements in shallow groundwater around a smelting site. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 453:131377. [PMID: 37054642 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Smelting activities have a far-reaching influence on the quality of soil and groundwater, while most studies have neglected the information on the pollution characteristics of groundwater. The hydrochemical parameters of shallow groundwater and the spatial distributions of toxic elements were investigated in this study. Correlations analysis and groundwater evolution revealed that the major ions were primarily determined by silicate weathering and calcite dissolution process, and anthropogenic processes had a significant effect on groundwater hydrochemistry. Almost 79%, 71%, 57%, 89%, 100%, and 78.6% of samples exceeded the standards of Cd, Zn, Pb, As, SO42-, and NO3-, and their distribution is closely related to the production process. Analysis of soil geochemistry indicated that the relatively mobile forms of toxic elements strongly influence the origin and concentration in shallow groundwater. Besides, rainfall with high magnitude would lead to a decrease of toxic elements in shallow groundwater, whereas the area once stacked waste residue was the opposite. It is recommended to strengthen risk management of the limited mobility fraction while devising a plan for waste residue treatment in accordance with the local pollution conditions. The research on controlling the mechanism of toxic elements in shallow groundwater, along with sustainable development in the study area and other smelting zones may benefit from this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Tang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Jiaqing Zeng
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Xinghua Luo
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Wenshun Ke
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Chuxuan Li
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Wenyan Gao
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Jun Jiang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Shengguo Xue
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China; Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China.
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35
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Romero-Crespo P, Jiménez-Oyola S, Salgado-Almeida B, Zambrano-Anchundia J, Goyburo-Chávez C, González-Valoys A, Higueras P. Trace elements in farmland soils and crops, and probabilistic health risk assessment in areas influenced by mining activity in Ecuador. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:4549-4563. [PMID: 36856885 PMCID: PMC10310628 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01514-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of food grown in contaminated soils may be a significant human exposure pathway to pollutants, including toxic elements. This study aimed to investigate the pollution level of trace elements in farmland soil and crops collected in orchards from Ponce Enriquez, one of the Ecuador's most important gold mining areas. The concentration of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chrome (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) was analyzed in soil and crop samples (celery, chives, corn, herbs, lettuce, turnips, green beans, cassava, and carrots). In addition, a probabilistic human health risk assessment, in terms of hazard quotients (HQ) and cancer risk (CR), was conducted to assess the potential risk related to local crop ingestion. The contents of As, Cr, Cu, and Ni in soils exceeded the Ecuadorian quality guidelines for agricultural soils. The trace elements concentration in local crops was higher than the maximum permissible levels set by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The HQ and CR of local crop ingestion were several orders higher than the safe exposure threshold, mainly for lettuce, chives, and turnips. Our results revealed that inhabitants of the study area are exposed to developing carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic effects due to long-term food consumption with high trace elements. This study sheds light on the need to assess further the quality of agricultural soils and crops grown in mining areas with signs of contamination to guarantee consumer food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Romero-Crespo
- Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Facultad de Ingeniería en Ciencias de La Tierra, Campus Gustavo Galindo km 30.5 vía Perimetral, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Samantha Jiménez-Oyola
- Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Facultad de Ingeniería en Ciencias de La Tierra, Campus Gustavo Galindo km 30.5 vía Perimetral, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador.
| | - Bryan Salgado-Almeida
- Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Facultad de Ingeniería en Ciencias de La Tierra, Campus Gustavo Galindo km 30.5 vía Perimetral, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Johanna Zambrano-Anchundia
- Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Facultad de Ingeniería en Ciencias de La Tierra, Campus Gustavo Galindo km 30.5 vía Perimetral, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Cindy Goyburo-Chávez
- Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Facultad de Ingeniería en Ciencias de La Tierra, Campus Gustavo Galindo km 30.5 vía Perimetral, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Ana González-Valoys
- Centro Experimental de Ingeniería, Universidad Tecnológica de Panamá, Vía Tocumen, P.O. Box 0819-07289, Panama City, Panama
- SNI-SENACYT Sistema Nacional de Investigación-Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación, Clayton, Ciudad del Saber Edif.205, P.O. Box 0816-02852, Panama City, Panama
| | - Pablo Higueras
- Instituto de Geología Aplicada, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, EIMI Almadén. Almadén, 13400, Ciudad Real, Spain
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36
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Li C, Dong P, Yan J, Gong R, Meng Q, Yao J, Yu H, Ma Y, Liu B, Xie R. Analytical study on heavy metal output fluxes and source apportionment of a non-ferrous smelter in southwest China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023:121867. [PMID: 37270050 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Abandoned Pb/Zn smelters are often accompanied by a large amount of smelting slag, which is a serious environmental problem. Previous studies have demonstrated that slag deposits pose an environmental threat even if the smelters are shut down. Herein, a Pb/Zn smelter and its impacted zone in GeJiu, Yunnan, China were selected as the study area. The risk and source apportionment of heavy metals (HMs) in the soil of the impacted zone were systematically studied. Based on the hydrogeological features, the migration path and output fluxes of the HMs released from smelting slag to the impacted zone were investigated. The HM contents (Cd, As, Zn, Pb, and Cu) in the soil substantially exceeded the screening values of the Chinese soil standard (GB15618-2018). Based on the results of the Pb isotopic and statistical analyses for source apportionment, the contaminated sites and agricultural irrigation water had a large impact on the HMs of soil. The hydrological analysis results showed that runoff, as an HM migration path under rainfall, continued to affect the environment. The water balance calculations using the Hydrologic Evaluation of Landfill Performance model showed that the rainfall was distributed on site as follows: evaporation (57.35%), runoff (32.63%), and infiltration (10.02%). Finally, the output fluxes were calculated in combination with the leaching experiment. As, Zn, Cd, Pb, and Cu runoff had the output fluxes of 6.1 × 10-3, 4.2 × 10-3, 4.1, 1.4 × 10-2, and 7.2 × 10-4 mg/kg/y, and infiltration of 1.9 × 10-3, 1.3 × 10-3, 1.3, 4.0 × 10-4, and 2.2 × 10-4 mg/kg/y, respectively. Therefore, this study offers theoretical and scientific recommendations for effective environmental management and engineering remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Li
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials Or Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Peng Dong
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials Or Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Jin Yan
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials Or Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Rui Gong
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials Or Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Qi Meng
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials Or Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Jun Yao
- Faculty of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hanjing Yu
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials Or Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Yaoqiang Ma
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials Or Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Bang Liu
- Faculty of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ruosong Xie
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials Or Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China.
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Lidman J, Olid C, Bigler C, Berglund ÅMM. Effect of past century mining activities on sediment properties and toxicity to freshwater organisms in northern Sweden. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 872:162097. [PMID: 36764540 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The release of toxic metals from local mining activities often represents a severe environmental hazard for nearby lake ecosystems. Previous studies on the impact of mining have primarily focused on single lakes, with less emphasis on spatial and temporal recovery patterns of multiple lakes within the same catchment, but with different hydrological connection and distance to the pollutant source. This knowledge gap prevents us from assessing the real environmental risk of abandoned mines and understanding ecosystem recovery. This study explores the intensity and spatial patterns of sediment contamination and the potential for ecosystem recovery in three lakes in close vicinity of a lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) mine in Sweden that has been inoperative for >20 years. Dated (210Pb and 137Cs) sediment cores from each lake were used to reconstruct temporal patterns in trace element deposition and relate those with past mining activities. Results show that all lakes were affected by mining, indicated by increasing Pb and Zn concentrations and decreasing organic matter content, at the onset of mining. However, the extent and timing of mining impact differed between lakes, which was partly ascribed to differences in the historical use of tailings and settling ponds. Assessment of toxicity levels in sediments, based on normalized Probable Effect Concentration Quotient (PEC-Q) to organic matter content, provided more consistent results with the historical mining than conventional methods, showing a decreasing impact in lakes once the operations ceased. Still, sediment Pb concentrations were > 10 times higher than pre-mining values, evidencing the urgent need for remediation actions in the study lakes. This study highlights the importance of considering spatial heterogeneity in metal deposition, sediment organic matter content, and hydrological connectivity with tailings when risk assessments are performed in mining-impacted lakes. The use of normalized PEC-Q in toxic assessments is also recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Lidman
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Carolina Olid
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden; Department of Forestry and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-90183 Umeå, Sweden; Department of Earth and Ocean Dynamics, University of Barcelona, ES-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Christian Bigler
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Åsa M M Berglund
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden.
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Chen D, Wang G, Chen C, Feng Z, Jiang Y, Yu H, Li M, Chao Y, Tang Y, Wang S, Qiu R. The interplay between microalgae and toxic metal(loid)s: mechanisms and implications in AMD phycoremediation coupled with Fe/Mn mineralization. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 454:131498. [PMID: 37146335 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Acid mine drainage (AMD) is low-pH with high concentration of sulfates and toxic metal(loid)s (e.g. As, Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn), thereby posing a global environmental problem. For decades, microalgae have been used to remediate metal(loid)s in AMD, as they have various adaptive mechanisms for tolerating extreme environmental stress. Their main phycoremediation mechanisms are biosorption, bioaccumulation, coupling with sulfate-reducing bacteria, alkalization, biotransformation, and Fe/Mn mineral formation. This review summarizes how microalgae cope with metal(loid) stress and their specific mechanisms of phycoremediation in AMD. Based on the universal physiological characteristics of microalgae and the properties of their secretions, several Fe/Mn mineralization mechanisms induced by photosynthesis, free radicals, microalgal-bacterial reciprocity, and algal organic matter are proposed. Notably, microalgae can also reduce Fe(III) and inhibit mineralization, which is environmentally unfavorable. Therefore, the comprehensive environmental effects of microalgal co-occurring and cyclical opposing processes must be carefully considered. Using chemical and biological perspectives, this review innovatively proposes several specific processes and mechanisms of Fe/Mn mineralization that are mediated by microalgae, providing a theoretical basis for the geochemistry of metal(loid)s and natural attenuation of pollutants in AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daijie Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guobao Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chiyu Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zekai Feng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hang Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Mengyao Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuanqing Chao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yetao Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shizhong Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Rongliang Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Zhang F, Li C, Shi Y, Meng L, Zan F, Wu X, Wang L, Sheng A, Crittenden JC, Chen J. Evaluation on leachability of heavy metals from tailings: risk factor identification and cumulative influence. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:64565-64575. [PMID: 37072593 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26933-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The leachability of heavy metals (HMs) in tailings is significantly affected by multivariate factors associated with environmental conditions. However, the leaching patterns of HMs in molybdenum (Mo) tailings due to environmental change and cumulative influences of multi-leaching factors remain unclear. The leaching behaviors of HMs in Mo tailings were studied through static leaching tests. The key leaching factors were discussed via simulating acid rain leaching scenario in terms of global and local environmental conditions. The potential risk factors were identified, and their cumulative influences on the leachability of HMs were evaluated with boosted regression trees (BRT) and generalized additive model (GAM) analyses. Environmental factors showed interactive effects on the leachability of HMs in tailings. The leachability of HMs in tailings decreased significantly with the interaction of increasing liquid/solid (L/S) ratio and pH. Rebound of leachability was observed with high L/S ratio (> 60) and long-time leaching (> 30 h). L/S ratio and pH were the most sensitive factors to the leachability of HMs with the corresponding contribution of 40.8% and 27.1%, respectively, followed by leaching time and temperature (~ 16%). The total contribution of global climate-associated factors, i.e., L/S ratio, leaching time, and temperature to the leachability of HMs was up to 70%, while leachate pH shared the other 30%. With the increase of persistent heavy rain in summer globally, As and Cd were found to having higher leaching risks than the other HMs in tailings, although an obvious decrease in their leachability was obtained due to the improvement of acid rain pollution in China. The study provides a valuable method for the identification of potential risk factors and their associations with the leaching behaviors of HMs in tailings under the background of obvious improvement on acid rain pollution in China and global climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjiao Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Chunping Li
- Zhejiang Hong Shi Environmental Protection Co, Ltd, Shanghua Road, Lanxi, 321100, China
| | - Yao Shi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Lingkun Meng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Feixiang Zan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Linling Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Anxu Sheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - John C Crittenden
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Hou Y, Li Y, Tao H, Cao H, Liao X, Liu X. Three-dimensional distribution characteristics of multiple pollutants in the soil at a steelworks mega-site based on multi-source information. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 448:130934. [PMID: 36860071 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Soil pollution at steelworks mega-sites has become a severe environmental issue worldwide. However, due to the complex production processes and hydrogeology, the soil pollution distribution at steelworks is still unclear. This study scientifically cognized the distribution characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and heavy metals (HMs) at a steelworks mega-site based on multi-source information. Specifically, firstly, 3D distribution and spatial autocorrelation of pollutants were obtained by interpolation model and local indicators of spatial associations (LISA), respectively. Secondly, the characteristics of horizontal distribution, vertical distribution, and spatial autocorrelations of pollutants were identified by combining multi-source information such as production processes, soil layers, and properties of pollutants. Horizontal distribution showed that soil pollution in steelworks mainly occurred in the front end of the steel process chain. Over 47% of PAHs and VOCs pollution area were distributed in coking plants and over 69% of HMs in stockyards. Vertical distribution indicated that HMs, PAHs, and VOCs were enriched in the fill, silt, and clay layers, respectively. Spatial autocorrelation of pollutants was positively correlated with their mobility. This study clarified the soil pollution characteristics at steelworks mega-sites, which can support the investigation and remediation of steelworks mega-sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Hou
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Global Change, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China; Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Damage Assessment and Remediation, Beijing 100101, China
| | - You Li
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Damage Assessment and Remediation, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Huan Tao
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Damage Assessment and Remediation, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hongying Cao
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Damage Assessment and Remediation, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiaoyong Liao
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Damage Assessment and Remediation, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Global Change, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
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41
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Ma Y, Li C, Yan J, Yu H, Kan H, Yu W, Zhou X, Meng Q, Dong P. The release analysis of As and Cr metals in lead-zinc smelting slag: Mineralogical analysis, bioavailability and leachability analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 229:115751. [PMID: 36966997 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Mining and smelting are the main sources of soil heavy metal pollution. Leaching and release of heavy metals in soils has been extensively studied. However, there are few researches on the release behavior of heavy metals from the Angle of mineralogy of smelting slag. This study focuses on the pollution of arsenic and chromium by traditional pyrometallurgical lead-zinc smelting slag in southwest China. Based on the mineralogy of smelting slag, the release behavior of heavy metals in smelting slag was studied. As and Cr deposit minerals were identified by MLA analysis, and the weathering degree and bioavailability of As and Cr deposit minerals were analyzed. The results showed that the weathering degree of slag was positively correlated with the bioavailability of heavy metals. The leaching experiment results showed that the higher pH was beneficial to the release of As and Cr. It was found that the chemical forms of As and Cr changed from relatively stable forms to easily released forms (As5+ to As3+ and Cr3+ to Cr6+) by characterizing the metallurgical slag during leaching. In the transformation process, the S in the pyrite as the enclosing layer is eventually oxidized to SO42-, which will accelerate the dissolution of the enclosing mineral. SO42- will occupy the adsorption site of As on the mineral surface, thus reducing the adsorption amount of As on the mineral surface. Fe is finally oxidized to Fe2O3, and the increase of Fe2O3 content in the waste residue will produce strong adsorption effect on Cr6+ and slow down the release of Cr6+. The results show that the release of As and Cr is controlled by the pyrite coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoqiang Ma
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - ChenChen Li
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Jin Yan
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Hanjing Yu
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Huiying Kan
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Wanquan Yu
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Xinyu Zhou
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Qi Meng
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China.
| | - Peng Dong
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China.
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Wang P, Li J, Hu Y, Cheng H. Solidification and stabilization of Pb-Zn mine tailing with municipal solid waste incineration fly ash and ground granulated blast-furnace slag for unfired brick fabrication. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 321:121135. [PMID: 36693584 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The mismanaged and abandoned mine tailings are an important source of heavy metal pollution in the mining regions, and there is a significant need to develop technically, environmentally, and economically feasible and sustainable solutions to manage them. This study explored the solidification and stabilization of the tailing from an abandoned Pb-Zn mine using municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWIFA) blended with ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS) for fabricating unfired bricks, and systematically characterized the products' mechanical and environmental performance. Various hydration products, such as ettringite, portlandite, and hydrotalcite, were formed in the unfired bricks in the solidification and stabilization process, which enhance the physical strength of unfired bricks and help immobilize the heavy metals. Slaking treatment of MSWIFA significantly increased the mechanical strength, reduced the water absorption, and improved the durability of unfired bricks, with the product prepared from MSWIFA with 7-day slaking exhibiting the highest unconfined compressive strength (12.3 MPa) after 56 days of curing. The concentrations of As (0.35-1.49 μg/L), Cd (0.35-0.70 μg/L), Cr (1.38-9.40 μg/L), Cu (2.28-5.87 μg/L), Ni (0.16-2.24 μg/L), Pb (0.16-59.80 μg/L), and Zn (1.60-10.80 μg/L) in the leachates of unfired bricks were below the relevant regulatory limits for surface water and groundwater. Converting the mine tailing (with MSWIFA and GGBFS) to different types of unfired bricks could yield economic payback in the range of 283.7-306.5 Yuan per ton. Replacing cement with MSWIFA blended with GGBFS in the solidification and stabilization treatment could save about 0.15 ton of cement per ton of mine tailing disposed, which avoids significant energy use and carbon dioxide emissions. These findings demonstrate that utilization of mine tailings and industrial wastes to fabricate unfired bricks is a promising way of reusing such wastes and controlling the associated pollution, which also brings significant economic benefit and improves environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jiangshan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yuanan Hu
- MOE Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hefa Cheng
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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Azizi M, Faz A, Zornoza R, Martinez-Martinez S, Acosta JA. Phytoremediation Potential of Native Plant Species in Mine Soils Polluted by Metal(loid)s and Rare Earth Elements. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1219. [PMID: 36986908 PMCID: PMC10058974 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Mining activity has an adverse impact on the surrounding ecosystem, especially via the release of potentially toxic elements (PTEs); therefore, there is an urgent need to develop efficient technologies to remediate these ecosystems, especially soils. Phytoremediation can be potentially used to remediate contaminated areas by potentially toxic elements. However, in soils affected by polymetallic contamination, including metals, metalloids, and rare earth elements (REEs), it is necessary to evaluate the behavior of these toxic elements in the soil-plant system, which will allow the selection of the most appropriate native plants with phytoremediation potential to be used in phytoremediation programs. This study was conducted to evaluate the level of contamination of 29 metal(loid)s and REEs in two natural soils and four native plant species (Salsola oppositifolia, Stipa tenacissima, Piptatherum miliaceum, and Artemisia herba-alba) growing in the vicinity of a Pb-(Ag)-Zn mine and asses their phytoextraction and phytostabilization potential. The results indicated that very high soil contamination was found for Zn, Fe, Al, Pb, Cd, As, Se, and Th, considerable to moderate contamination for Cu, Sb, Cs, Ge Ni, Cr, and Co, and low contamination for Rb, V, Sr, Zr, Sn, Y, Bi and U in the study area, dependent of sampling place. Available fraction of PTEs and REEs in comparison to total concentration showed a wide range from 0% for Sn to more than 10% for Pb, Cd, and Mn. Soil properties such as pH, electrical conductivity, and clay content affect the total, available, and water-soluble concentrations of different PTEs and REEs. The results obtained from plant analysis showed that the concentration of PTEs in shoots could be at a toxicity level (Zn, Pb, and Cr), lower than toxic but more than sufficient or natural concentration accepted in plants (Cd, Ni, and Cu) or at an acceptable level (e.g., V, As, Co, and Mn). Accumulation of PTEs and REEs in plants and the translocation from root to shoot varied between plant species and sampling soils. A. herba-alba is the least efficient plant in the phytoremediation process; P. miliaceum was a good candidate for phytostabilization of Pb, Cd, Cu, V, and As, and S. oppositifolia for phytoextraction of Zn, Cd, Mn, and Mo. All plant species except A. herba-alba could be potential candidates for phytostabilization of REEs, while none of the plant species has the potential to be used in the phytoextraction of REEs.
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Metal Fractionation and Leaching in Soils from a Gold Mining Area in the Equatorial Rainforest Zone. J CHEM-NY 2023. [DOI: 10.1155/2023/3542165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In this article, a modified BCR procedure and a column leaching test were used to examine the bioavailability and mobility of heavy metals in soils collected from a gold mining area in Ghana. The results for the fractionation of Cd, Cr, Fe, and Mn indicated that high percentages of metals were found in the residual fraction. This implies that the concentrations of metals in the soil are stable under normal environmental conditions. The bioavailability of metals in the soils declined in the following order: Mn (92.4%) > Cd (64.6%) > Cr (46.4%) > Fe (39%). However, the concentrations of labile metals may pose no risk to the environment. In the column test, different rainwater conditions (i.e., natural rainwater and acidified rainwater) were used to imitate the leaching potential of the metals in the actual field. The pH of the soil primarily controlled metal migration into deeper layers. Cumulative metal concentrations in the leachates showed that Fe, Mn, and Cd were high in the tested soils but present at low concentrations, except for Cd. Cadmium showed a higher concentration than the WHO guideline for drinking water, and its seepage into deeper layers may affect the quality of groundwater.
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45
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Tang QX, Gan CD, Yang JY. Photo-induced reduction of vanadium in vanadium-containing iron/manganese oxide agglomerates by oxalic acid. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120590. [PMID: 36336187 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The stockpiling of vanadium-containing tailings allows vanadium to migrate into the surrounding area, resulting in toxic metal contamination. By using the vanadium-bearing iron/manganese (Fe/Mn) oxide agglomerates as the simulated tailings, the feasibility of photo-induced reduction of vanadium by oxalic acid was investigated. Batch effects of the available light and the reducing agents on agglomerates were investigated. Results showed that oxalic acid (5 mmol L-1) can convert V(V) to V(IV) and convert Fe(III) released from the Fe/Mn oxide agglomerates to Fe(II) under both light and dark conditions. After 45 d of reaction in the dark, oxalic acid converted 33.54% Fe(III) and 100% V(V) in the leachate into Fe(II) and V(IV). The Fenton reaction occurred by light irradiation significantly increased the redox potential in the solution, and also caused V(IV) to be oxidized. Overall, oxalic acid can rapidly reduce V(V) to V(IV), but sunlight may have an inhibitory effect on the reduction reaction. Present study can deepen the understanding of the mechanism for valence transformation of elements in minerals by sunlight, and can help in implementing tailings treatment and environmental remediation by using oxalic acid and avoiding light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Xuan Tang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Chun-Dan Gan
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Yibin, 644000, China
| | - Jin-Yan Yang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China; Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology, Sichuan University Yibin Park, Yibin, 644000, China.
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46
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Yao Y, Tong L, Zhao R, Wang Q, Qiu J, Wang F, Li J, Yan Y, He Y, Li S. Leaching of heavy metal(loid)s from historical Pb-Zn mining tailing in abandoned tailing deposit: Up-flow column and batch tests. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 325:116572. [PMID: 36419286 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the water-leaching characteristics of heavy metal(loid)s (HMs) from historical Pb-Zn mine tailing of an abandoned tailing deposit in eastern China. Up-flow column and batch leaching tests were conducted at different liquid-to-solid (L/S) ratios to estimate the releases of HMs and investigate the controlling mechanisms. Calcite and silicate were the dominant minerals in the tailing and the HMs contents followed the order of Zn (2371 mg/kg) > Pb (2061 mg/kg) > Cu (109 mg/kg) > Cr (47.8 mg/kg) > As (15.9 mg/kg) > Cd (5.1 mg/kg). Moreover, considerable fractions of Pb, Zn, and Cd existed in the acid-soluble forms (41-47%). Column and batch leaching tests consistently showed that limited quantities (<0.002%) of HMs could be leached from this historical tailing. In particular, variations in column conditions (e.g., length, flow rate, and initial saturation) significantly affected the release fluxes from the columns but had a relatively limited effect on the leaching mechanisms. The estimated results of HM release suggested that the leaching process was predominantly solubility-controlled and the dissolution of Ca-bearing minerals (e.g., calcite) primarily controlled the release of HMs. The studied tailing had a limited impact on the quality of the surrounding aquatic environments because the water-leaching concentrations of HMs were generally lower than the Chinese standards for drinking water. Only for Pb, the leaching results in column tests were significantly lower than those in batch tests; whereas the results in column tests for other HMs were comparable to those in batch tests to a certain extent. Based on the column test results, the amounts of HMs potentially released from the abandoned tailing deposit (height, 10 m; footprint area, 30,000 m2; tailing dry density, 1.9 × 103 kg/m3) followed a decreasing order of Zn (4.2 × 105 kg) > Cu (2.3 × 104 kg) > Pb (1.4 × 104 kg) > Cr (2.3 × 104 kg) > Cd (1.6 × 103 kg) > As (1.2 × 103 kg) over the 75-year assessment period (corresponding to an L/S ratio of 10 L/kg with an annual precipitation of 1500 mm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yao
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu province, 210023, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Response Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu province, 210023, China
| | - Lizhi Tong
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, 510655, China
| | - Ruolin Zhao
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu province, 210023, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Response Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu province, 210023, China
| | - Qianhui Wang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu province, 210023, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Response Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu province, 210023, China
| | - Jinli Qiu
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu province, 210023, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Response Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu province, 210023, China
| | - Fenghe Wang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu province, 210023, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Response Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu province, 210023, China.
| | - Jining Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu province, 210023, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Response Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu province, 210023, China.
| | - Yifan Yan
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, Jiangsu province, 210042, China
| | - Yue He
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, Jiangsu province, 210042, China
| | - Shuqin Li
- Sinosteel Maanshan General Institute of Mining Research Co., Ltd, Maanshan, Anhui province, 243000, China
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Xu Y, Bi R, Li Y. Effects of anthropogenic and natural environmental factors on the spatial distribution of trace elements in agricultural soils. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 249:114436. [PMID: 36525951 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations of trace elements in agricultural soils directly affect the ecological security and quality of agricultural products. A comprehensive study aimed at quantitatively analyze the effects of anthropogenic and natural environmental factors on the spatial distribution of heavy metals (HMs) and selenium (Se) in agricultural soils in a typical grain producing area of China. Factors considered in this study were parent rock, soil physicochemical properties, topography, precipitation, mine activity, and vegetation. Results showed that the median values of Zn, Cd, Cr, and Cu of 111 topsoil samples exceeded the background values of Guangxi province but were lower than the relevant national soil quality standards, and 85% of soil samples were classified as having rich Se levels (0.40 -3.0 mg kg-1). The potential ecological risk index of soil heavy metals as a whole was low, with Cd in 9% of the samples posing moderate ecological risk. The concentrations of heavy metals and Se were relatively high in soils from shale rock. Soil properties, mainly Fe2O3 and Mn played a dominant role on soil HMs and Se concentrations. Based on GeoDetector, we found that the interaction effects of two factors on the spatial differentiation of soil HMs and Se were greater than their sum effect. Among the factors, Mn enhanced the explanatory power of the model the most when interacting with other factors for soil Zn; the greatest interactive effect was between distance from mining area and Mn for Cd (q = 0.70); Fe2O3 significantly promoted the spatial differentiation of soil Cr, Cu and Se when interacting with other factors (q > 0.50). These findings contribute to a better understanding of the factors that drive the distribution of HMs and Se in agricultural soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefeng Xu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China.
| | - Rutian Bi
- College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Yonghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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Zhu H, Xu J, Zhou B, Ren J, Yang Q, Wang Z, Nie W. Leaching Characteristics of Potentially Toxic Metals from Tailings at Lujiang Alum Mine, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:17063. [PMID: 36554944 PMCID: PMC9779374 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192417063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the leaching characteristics and potential environmental effects of potentially toxic metals (PTMs) from alum mine tailings in Lujiang, Anhui Province, soaking tests and simulated rainfall leaching experiments were conducted for two types of slag. PTMs comprising Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, and Ni were detected in the slag. Cu and Cd contents exceeded the national soil risk screening values (GB 15618-2018). pH values of the two slag soaking solutions were negatively correlated with the solid:liquid ratio. pH values of the sintered slag soaking solutions with different solid:liquid ratios finally stabilized between 4.4 and 4.59, and those of the waste slag soaking solutions finally stabilized between 2.7 and 3.4. The concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, and Ni leached from waste slag were higher than those from sintered slag, and the dissolved concentrations of these PTMs in sintered slag were higher under rainfall leaching conditions than soaking conditions (the difference in Cr concentration was the smallest, 5.6%). The cumulative release of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, and Ni increased as the leaching liquid volume increased. The kinetic characteristics of the cumulative release of the five PTMs were best fitted by a double constant equation (R2 > 0.98 for all fits). Single factor index evaluations showed that Mn and Ni were the PTMs with high pollution degrees (Pi for Mn and Ni exceed 1) in the leaching solutions. However, considering the biotoxicity of PTMs, the water quality index evaluations showed that the water quality of the sintered slag soaking solution, the waste slag soaking solution, and the sintered slag leachate was good, poor, and undrinkable, respectively. The health risk assessment showed that the total non-carcinogenic risk (HI) values in adults for both the sintered slag leachate and waste slag soaking solution exceeded the safe level of 1, with HI values of 3.965 and 2.342, respectively. The hazard quotient (HQ) for Cd was 1.994 for the sintered slag leachate, and Cd and Cr make up 50.29% and 15.93% of the total risk, respectively. Cr makes up 28.38% of the total risk for the waste slag soaking solution. These results indicate a high non-carcinogenic risk of exposure to Cd and Cr in the leaching solution used for drinking purposes. These findings may provide a reference for the evaluation and ecological control of PTM pollution in alum mining areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Jinbo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Beibei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Jia Ren
- Shaanxi Mining Development Industry and Trade Corporation Limited, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - Qiang Yang
- Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited Power China, Xi’an 710065, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Weibo Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
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Zhang H, Kou J, Sun C, Wang P, Lin J, Li J, Jiang Y. Optimization of cemented paste backfill with carbon nanotubes as a sustainable treatment for lead-containing tailings. POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2022.118152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Effects of Temperature on the Leaching Behavior of Pb from Cement Stabilization/Solidification-Treated Contaminated Soil. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9120402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Solidification/stabilization (S/S) is one of the most widely used techniques in the disposal of heavy-metal-contaminated soil, though the long-term effectiveness of S/S technology remains implicit. Temperature is an important factor affecting the leaching behavior of heavy metals and the long-term effectiveness of S/S treatment. This study systematically explored the influence of temperature on the leaching behavior of lead in an S/S monolith through semi-dynamic leaching test at different temperatures. The results showed that an increase in temperature could accelerate the leaching concentration and cumulative leaching amount of lead ions in the S/S monolith. The cumulative leaching amount of lead ions in the S/S monolith after 11 days at 55 °C was about 5.8 times that at 25 °C. The leaching rate of lead ions in the S/S monolith increased with the increase in temperature. The leaching index of lead ions was larger than 9, which met the requirements for “controlled utilization” in the environment. The leaching mechanism of lead ions was diffusion control and did not change in the temperature range of 25–55 °C. These findings indicate that temperature affects the leaching behavior and the long-term effectiveness of S/S treatment, and temperature variation should be considered in the effectiveness evaluation of S/S treatment.
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