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Korchevskiy AA, Hill WC, Hull M, Korchevskiy A. Using particle dimensionality-based modeling to estimate lung carcinogenicity of 3D printer emissions. J Appl Toxicol 2024; 44:564-581. [PMID: 37950573 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The use of 3D printing technologies by industry and consumers is expanding. However, the approaches to assess the risk of lung carcinogenesis from the emissions of 3D printers have not yet been developed. The objective of the study was to demonstrate a methodology for modeling lung cancer risk related to specific exposure levels as derived from an experimental study of 3D printer emissions for various types of filaments (ABS, PLA, and PETG). The emissions of 15 filaments were assessed at varying extrusion temperatures for a total of 23 conditions in a Class 1,000 cleanroom following procedures described by ANSI/CAN/UL 2904. Three approaches were utilized for cancer risk estimation: (a) calculation based on PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations, (b) a proximity assessment based on the pulmonary deposition fraction, and (c) modeling based on the mass-weighted aerodynamic diameter of particles. The combined distribution of emitted particles had the mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) of 0.35 μm, GSD 2.25. The average concentration of PM2.5 was 25.21 μg/m3 . The spline-based function of aerodynamic diameter allowed us to reconstruct the carcinogenic potential of seven types of fine and ultrafine particles (crystalline silica, fine TiO2 , ultrafine TiO2 , ambient PM2.5 and PM10, diesel particulates, and carbon nanotubes) with a correlation of 0.999, P < 0.00001. The central tendency estimation of lung cancer risk for 3D printer emissions was found at the level of 14.74 cases per 10,000 workers in a typical exposure scenario (average cumulative exposure of 0.3 mg/m3 - years), with the lowest risks for PLA filaments, and the highest for PETG type.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - W Cary Hill
- ITA International, LLC, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Matthew Hull
- Virginia Tech, Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
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2
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Lee J, Weerasinghe-Mudiyanselage PDE, Kim B, Kang S, Kim JS, Moon C. Particulate matter exposure and neurodegenerative diseases: A comprehensive update on toxicity and mechanisms. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 266:115565. [PMID: 37832485 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to particulate matter (PM) has been associated with a range of health impacts, including neurological abnormalities that affect neurodevelopment, neuroplasticity, and behavior. Recently, there has been growing interest in investigating the possible relationship between PM exposure and the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and multiple sclerosis. However, the precise mechanism by which PM affects neurodegeneration is still unclear, even though several epidemiological and animal model studies have provided mechanistic insights. This article presents a review of the current research on the neurotoxicity of PM and its impact on neurodegenerative diseases. This review summarizes findings from epidemiological and animal model studies collected through searches in Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. This review paper also discusses the reported effects of PM exposure on the central nervous system and highlights research gaps and future directions. The information presented in this review may inform public health policies aimed at reducing PM exposure and may contribute to the development of new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases. Further mechanistic and therapeutic research will be needed to fully understand the relationship between PM exposure and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongmin Lee
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Poornima D E Weerasinghe-Mudiyanselage
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Bohye Kim
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Sohi Kang
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Joong-Sun Kim
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Changjong Moon
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea.
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3
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Qin S, Zeng H, Wu Q, Li Q, Zeeshan M, Ye L, Jiang Y, Zhang R, Jiang X, Li M, Zhang R, Chen W, Chou WC, Dong GH, Li DC, Zeng XW. An integrative analysis of lipidomics and transcriptomics in various mouse brain regions in response to real-ambient PM 2.5 exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 895:165112. [PMID: 37364843 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been associated with various neurological disorders. However, the underlying mechanisms of PM2.5-induced adverse effects on the brain are still not fully defined. Multi-omics analyses could offer novel insights into the mechanisms of PM2.5-induced brain dysfunction. In this study, a real-ambient PM2.5 exposure system was applied to male C57BL/6 mice for 16 weeks, and lipidomics and transcriptomics analysis were performed in four brain regions. The findings revealed that PM2.5 exposure led to 548, 283, 304, and 174 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), as well as 184, 89, 228, and 49 distinctive lipids in the hippocampus, striatum, cerebellum, and olfactory bulb, respectively. Additionally, in most brain regions, PM2.5-induced DEGs were mainly involved in neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and calcium signaling pathway, while PM2.5-altered lipidomic profile were primarily enriched in retrograde endocannabinoid signaling and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. Importantly, mRNA-lipid correlation networks revealed that PM2.5-altered lipids and DEGs were obviously enriched in pathways involving in bile acid biosynthesis, De novo fatty acid biosynthesis, and saturated fatty acids beta-oxidation in brain regions. Furthermore, multi-omics analyses revealed that the hippocampus was the most sensitive part to PM2.5 exposure. Specifically, dysregulation of Pla2g1b, Pla2g, Alox12, Alox15, and Gpx4 induced by PM2.5 were closely correlated to the disruption of alpha-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid and linoleic acid metabolism in the hippocampus. In summary, our findings highlight differential lipidomic and transcriptional signatures of various brain regions by real-ambient PM2.5 exposure, which will advance our understanding of potential mechanisms of PM2.5-induecd neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangjian Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Huixian Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qizhen Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Mohammed Zeeshan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Lizhu Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xinhang Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Miao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wei-Chun Chou
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Dao-Chuan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Xiao-Wen Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Li C, Ni S, Sun H, Zhu S, Feng Y, Yang X, Huang Q, Jiang S, Tang N. Effects of PM 2.5 and high-fat diet interaction on blood glucose metabolism in adolescent male Wistar rats: A serum metabolomics analysis based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 262:115200. [PMID: 37392662 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and high-fat diet (HFD) are known to contribute to blood glucose metabolic disorders. However, limited research has investigated the combined impact of PM2.5 and HFD on blood glucose metabolism. This study aimed to explore the joint effects of PM2.5 and HFD on blood glucose metabolism in rats using serum metabolomics and to identify involved metabolites and metabolic pathways. The 32 male Wistar rats were exposed to filtered air (FA) or PM2.5 (real-world inhaled, concentrated PM2.5, 8 times the ambient level, ranging from 131.42 to 773.44 μg/m3) and fed normal diet (ND) or HFD for 8 weeks. The rats were divided into four groups (n = 8/group): ND-FA, ND-PM2.5, HFD-FA and HFD-PM2.5 groups. Blood samples were collected to determine fasting glucose (FBG), plasma insulin and glucose tolerance test and HOMA Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) index was calculated. Finally, the serum metabolism of rats was analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS). Then we constructed the partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) model to screen the differential metabolites, and performed pathway analysis to screen the main metabolic pathways. Results showed that combined effect of PM2.5 and HFD caused changes in glucose tolerance, increased FBG levels and HOMA-IR in rats and there were interactions between PM2.5 and HFD in FBG and insulin. By metabonomic analysis, the serum differential metabolites pregnenolone and progesterone, which involved in steroid hormone biosynthesis, were two different metabolites in the ND groups. In the HFD groups, the serum differential metabolites were L-tyrosine and phosphorylcholine, which involved in glycerophospholipid metabolism, and phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis. When PM2.5 and HFD coexist, they may lead to more severe and complex effects on glucose metabolism by affecting lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism. Therefore, reducing PM2.5 exposure and controlling dietary structure are important measures for preventing and reducing glucose metabolism disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China; Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Shu Ni
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China; Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Hongyue Sun
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China; Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Shanhui Zhu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety for Coal Industry, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Yanan Feng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety for Coal Industry, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
| | - Xueli Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China; Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Qingyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Shoufang Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety for Coal Industry, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China.
| | - Naijun Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China; Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China.
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Liu F, Liu C, Liu Y, Wang J, Wang Y, Yan B. Neurotoxicity of the air-borne particles: From molecular events to human diseases. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 457:131827. [PMID: 37315411 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to PM2.5 is associated with an increased incidence of CNS diseases in humans, as confirmed by numerous epidemiological studies. Animal models have demonstrated that PM2.5 exposure can damage brain tissue, neurodevelopmental issues and neurodegenerative diseases. Both animal and human cell models have identified oxidative stress and inflammation as the primary toxic effects of PM2.5 exposure. However, understanding how PM2.5 modulates neurotoxicity has proven challenging due to its complex and variable composition. This review aims to summarize the detrimental effects of inhaled PM2.5 on the CNS and the limited understanding of its underlying mechanism. It also highlights new frontiers in addressing these issues, such as modern laboratory and computational techniques and chemical reductionism tactics. By utilizing these approaches, we aim to fully elucidate the mechanism of PM2.5-induced neurotoxicity, treat associated diseases, and ultimately eliminate pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China; Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China; Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Yin Liu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yibing Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China; Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China.
| | - Bing Yan
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Sidwell A, Smith SC, Roper C. A comparison of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) in vivo exposure studies incorporating chemical analysis. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2022; 25:422-444. [PMID: 36351256 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2022.2142345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The complex, variable mixtures present in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) have been well established, and associations between chemical constituents and human health are expanding. In the past decade, there has been an increase in PM2.5 toxicology studies that include chemical analysis of samples. This investigation is a crucial component for identifying the causal constituents for observed adverse health effects following exposure to PM2.5. In this review, investigations of PM2.5 that used both in vivo models were explored and chemical analysis with a focus on respiratory, cardiovascular, central nervous system, reproductive, and developmental toxicity was examined to determine if chemical constituents were considered in the interpretation of the toxicity findings. Comparisons between model systems, PM2.5 characteristics, endpoints, and results were made. A vast majority of studies observed adverse effects in vivo following exposure to PM2.5. While limited, investigations that explored connections between chemical components and measured endpoints noted significant associations between biological measurements and a variety of PM2.5 constituents including elements, ions, and organic/elemental carbon, indicating the need for such analysis. Current limitations in available data, including relatively scarce statistical comparisons between collected toxicity and chemical datasets, are provided. Future progress in this field in combination with epidemiologic research examining chemical composition may support regulatory standards of PM2.5 to protect human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allie Sidwell
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, Mississippi, MS, USA
| | - Samuel Cole Smith
- Department of Bio-Molecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, Mississippi, MS, USA
| | - Courtney Roper
- Department of Bio-Molecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, Mississippi, MS, USA
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Lee SH, Lin CY, Chen TF, Chou CCK, Chiu MJ, Tee BL, Liang HJ, Cheng TJ. Distinct brain lipid signatures in response to low-level PM 2.5 exposure in a 3xTg-Alzheimer's disease mouse inhalation model. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:156456. [PMID: 35660587 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) poses a significant risk to human health. The molecular mechanisms underlying low-level PM2.5-induced neurotoxicity in the central nervous system remain unclear. In addition, changes in lipids in response to PM2.5 exposure have not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, 3xTg-Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice experienced continuous whole-body exposure to non-concentrated PM2.5 for three consecutive months, while control mice inhaled particulate matter-filtered air over the same time span. A liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based lipidomic platform was used to determine the distinct lipid profiles of various brain regions. The average PM2.5 concentration during the exposure was 11.38 μg/m3, which was close to the regulation limits of USA and Taiwan. The partial least squares discriminant analysis model showed distinct lipid profiles in the cortex, hippocampus, and olfactory bulb, but not the cerebellum, of mice in the exposure group. Increased levels of fatty acyls, glycerolipids, and sterol lipids, as well as the decreased levels of glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids in PM2.5-exposed mouse brains may be responsible for the increased energy demand, membrane conformation, neuronal loss, antioxidation, myelin function, and cellular signaling pathways associated with AD development. Our research suggests that subchronic exposure to low levels of PM2.5 may cause neurotoxicity by changing the lipid profiles in a susceptible model. Lipidomics is a powerful tool to study the early effects of PM2.5-induced AD toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Han Lee
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yu Lin
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Fu Chen
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Charles C-K Chou
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jang Chiu
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Boon Lead Tee
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hao-Jan Liang
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsun-Jen Cheng
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Neuroinflammation in Low-Level PM2.5-Exposed Rats Illustrated by PET via an Improved Automated Produced [18F]FEPPA: A Feasibility Study. Mol Imaging 2022; 2022:1076444. [PMID: 35903248 PMCID: PMC9328187 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1076444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background [18F]FEPPA is a potent TSPO imaging agent that has been found to be a potential tracer for imaging neuroinflammation. In order to fulfill the demand of this tracer for preclinical and clinical studies, we have developed a one-pot automated synthesis with simplified HPLC purification of this tracer, which was then used for PET imaging of neuroinflammation in fine particulate matter- (PM2.5-) exposed rats. Results Using this automated synthesis method, the RCY of the [18F]FEPPA was 38 ± 4% (n = 17, EOB) in a synthesis time of 83 ± 8 min from EOB. The radiochemical purity and molar activities were greater than 99% and 209 ± 138 GBq/μmol (EOS, n = 15), respectively. The quality of the [18F]FEPPA synthesized by this method met the U.S. Pharmacopoeia (USP) criteria. The stability test showed that the [18F]FEPPA was stable at 21 ± 2°C for up to 4 hr after the end of synthesis (EOS). Moreover, microPET imaging showed that increased tracer activity of [18F]FEPPA in the brain of PM2.5-exposed rats (n = 6) were higher than that of normal controls (n = 6) and regional-specific. Conclusions Using the improved semipreparative HPLC purification, [18F]FEPPA has been produced in high quantity, high quality, and high reproducibility and, for the first time, used for PET imaging the effects of PM2.5 in the rat brain. It is ready to be used for imaging inflammation in various clinical or preclinical studies, especially for nearby PET centers without cyclotrons.
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Yang L, Song Z, Pan Y, Zhao T, Shi Y, Xing J, Ju A, Zhou L, Ye L. PM 2.5 promoted lipid accumulation in macrophage via inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways and aggravating the inflammatory reaction. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 226:112872. [PMID: 34624536 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal lipid accumulation in macrophages may lead to macrophages foaming, which is the most important pathological process of atherosclerosis. Atmospheric PM2.5 could enter the blood circulation and further affect the lipid metabolism of macrophages. But the underlying mechanism is not unclear. This study was undertaken to clarify the effect of PM2.5 on lipid metabolism in macrophages, and to explore the role of inflammatory reaction and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in this process. METHOD Macrophages derived from THP-1 cells were exposed to PM2.5 (0,100,200,400 μg/mL) for 6 h and 12 h. STAT3 agonist ColivelinTFA is used to specifically excite STAT3. The survival rate of macrophages was detected by CCK-8. The lipid levels in macrophages were detected by colorimetry. The levels of inflammatory factors secreted by macrophages were detected by ELISA. Q-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression levels, and Western Blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of JAK2/STAT3 pathway genes. RESULT The survival rate of macrophages was reduced by PM2.5, and the levels of TG, T-CHO and LDL-C of macrophages exposed to PM2.5 were increased. PM2.5 led to the increasing level of IL-6 and the decreasing level of IL-4, and the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway was inhibited by PM2.5. Colivelin TFA significantly decreased the increasing levels of TG, T-CHO and LDL-C levels, and increased the decreasing mRNA levels of IL-4, and LPL induced by PM2.5 (p < 0.05). DISCUSSION PM2.5 could cause the lipid accumulation of macrophages by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, and inflammatory responses may be involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Zikai Song
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Yang Pan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China; The Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Jilin Provincial Institute of Public Health), Changchun, China.
| | - Tianyang Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Yanbin Shi
- Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China.
| | - Jiqiang Xing
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Aipeng Ju
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Liting Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Lin Ye
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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10
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Lee SH, Chen YH, Chien CC, Yan YH, Chen HC, Chuang HC, Hsieh HI, Cho KH, Kuo LW, Chou CCK, Chiu MJ, Tee BL, Chen TF, Cheng TJ. Three month inhalation exposure to low-level PM2.5 induced brain toxicity in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254587. [PMID: 34437570 PMCID: PMC8389369 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although numerous epidemiological studies revealed an association between ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure and Alzheimer's disease (AD), the PM2.5-induced neuron toxicity and associated mechanisms were not fully elucidated. The present study assessed brain toxicity in 6-month-old female triple-transgenic AD (3xTg-AD) mice following subchronic exposure to PM2.5 via an inhalation system. The treated mice were whole-bodily and continuously exposed to real-world PM2.5 for 3 months, while the control mice inhaled filtered air. Changes in cognitive and motor functions were evaluated using the Morris Water Maze and rotarod tests. Magnetic resonance imaging analysis was used to record gross brain volume alterations, and tissue staining with hematoxylin and eosin, Nissl, and immunohistochemistry methods were used to monitor pathological changes in microstructures after PM2.5 exposure. The levels of AD-related hallmarks and the oxidative stress biomarker malondialdehyde (MDA) were assessed using Western blot analysis and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, respectively. Our results showed that subchronic exposure to environmental levels of PM2.5 induced obvious neuronal loss in the cortex of exposed mice, but without significant impairment of cognitive and motor function. Increased levels of phosphorylated-tau and MDA were also observed in olfactory bulb or hippocampus after PM2.5 exposure, but no amyloid pathology was detected, as reported in previous studies. These results revealed that a relatively lower level of PM2.5 subchronic exposure from the environmental atmosphere still induced certain neurodegenerative changes in the brains of AD mice, especially in the olfactory bulb, entorhinal cortex and hippocampus, which is consistent with the nasal entry and spreading route for PM exposure. Systemic factors may also contribute to the neuronal toxicity. The effects of PM2.5 after a more prolonged exposure period are needed to establish a more comprehensive picture of the PM2.5-mediated development of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Han Lee
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Chun Chien
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Horng Yan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Nutrition and Institute of Biomedical Nutrition, Hung Kuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chang Chen
- Institute of Food Safety and Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Chi Chuang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-I Hsieh
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hung Cho
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wei Kuo
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Ming-Jang Chiu
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Boon Lead Tee
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Ta-Fu Chen
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsun-Jen Cheng
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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11
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Lin CY, Chen WL, Chen TZ, Lee SH, Liang HJ, Chou CCK, Tang CH, Cheng TJ. Lipid changes in extrapulmonary organs and serum of rats after chronic exposure to ambient fine particulate matter. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 784:147018. [PMID: 34088028 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is able to pass through the respiratory barrier to enter the circulatory system and can consequently spread to the whole body to cause toxicity. Although our previous studies have revealed significantly altered levels of phosphorylcholine-containing lipids in the lungs of rats after chronic inhalation exposure to PM2.5, the effects of PM2.5 on phosphorylcholine-containing lipids in the extrapulmonary organs have not yet been elucidated. In this study, we examined the lipid effects of chronic PM2.5 exposure on various organs and serum by using a rat inhalation model followed by a mass spectrometry-based lipidomic approach. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were continuously exposed at the whole body level to nonfiltered and nonconcentrated ambient air from the outside environment of Taipei city for 8 months, while the control rats inhaled filtered air simultaneously. After exposure, serum samples and various organs, including the testis, pancreas, heart, liver, kidney, spleen, and epididymis, were collected for lipid extraction and analysis to examine the changes in phosphorylcholine-containing lipids after exposure. The results from the partial least squares discriminant analysis models demonstrated that the lipid profiles in the PM2.5 exposure group were different from those in the control group in the rat testis, pancreas, heart, liver, kidney and serum. The greatest PM2.5-induced lipid effects were observed in the testes. Decreased lyso-phosphatidylcholines (PCs) as well as increased unsaturated diacyl-PCs and sphingomyelins in the testes may be related to maintaining the membrane integrity of spermatozoa, antioxidation, and cell signaling. Additionally, our results showed that decreased PC(16:0/18:1) was observed in both the serum and testes. In conclusion, exposure to chronic environmental concentrations of PM2.5 caused lipid perturbation, especially in the testes of rats. This study highlighted the susceptibility of the testes and suggested possible molecular events for future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yu Lin
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Ling Chen
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Food Safety and Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Zhen Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Han Lee
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Jan Liang
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Charles C-K Chou
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Ho Tang
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan; Institute of Marine Biology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Tsun-Jen Cheng
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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12
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Liu F, Wang Z, Wei Y, Liu R, Jiang C, Gong C, Liu Y, Yan B. The leading role of adsorbed lead in PM 2.5-induced hippocampal neuronal apoptosis and synaptic damage. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:125867. [PMID: 34492814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases may be caused by air pollution, such as PM2.5. However, particles still need to be elucidated the mechanism of synergistic neurotoxicity induced by pollutant-loading PM2.5. In this study, we used a reductionist approach to study leading role of lead (Pb) in PM2.5-induced hippocampal neuronal apoptosis and synaptic damage both in vivo and in vitro. Pb in PM2.5 caused neurotoxicity: 1) by increasing ROS levels and thus causing apoptosis in neuronal cells and 2) by decreasing the expression of PSD95 via interfering with the calcium signaling pathway through cAMP/CREB/pCREB/BDNF/PSD95 pathway and reducing the synapse length by 50%. This study clarifies a key factor in PM2.5-induced neurotoxicity and provides the experimental basis for reducing PM2.5-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zengjin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yongyi Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Rongrong Liu
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Cuijuan Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Chen Gong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yin Liu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 330106, China.
| | - Bing Yan
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
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13
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Lee SH, Tseng WC, Du ZY, Lin WY, Chen MH, Lin CC, Lien GW, Liang HJ, Wen HJ, Guo YL, Chen PC, Lin CY. Lipid responses to environmental perfluoroalkyl substance exposure in a Taiwanese Child cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 283:117007. [PMID: 33845286 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although recent epidemiologic studies have focused on some of the health effects of perfluoroalkyl substance (PFASs) exposure in humans, the associations between PFASs exposure and the lipidome in children are still unclear. The purpose of this study was to assess lipid changes in children to understand possible molecular events of environmental PFASs exposure and suggest potential health effects. A total of 290 Taiwanese children (8-10 years old) were included in this study. Thirteen PFASs were analyzed in their serum by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS). MS-based lipidomic approaches were applied to examine lipid patterns in the serum of children exposed to different levels of PFASs. LC coupling with triple quadrupole MS technology was conducted to analyze phosphorylcholine-containing lipids. Multivariate analyses, such as partial least squares analysis along with univariate analyses, including multiple linear regression, were used to analyze associations between s exposure and unique lipid patterns. Our results showed that different lipid patterns were discovered in children exposed to different levels of specific PFASs, such as PFTrDA, PFOS, and PFDA. These changes in lipid levels may be involved in hepatic lipid metabolism, metabolic disorders, and PFASs-membrane interactions. This study showed that lipidomics is a powerful approach to identify critical PFASs that cause metabolite perturbation in the serum of children and suggest possible adverse health effects of these chemicals in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Han Lee
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Tseng
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Yi Du
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yu Lin
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Huei Chen
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chun Lin
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guang-Wen Lien
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Jan Liang
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ju Wen
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yue-Leon Guo
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Pau-Chung Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Office of Occupational Safety and Health, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Innovation and Policy Center for Population Health and Sustainable Environment, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yu Lin
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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14
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MacCuspie RI, Hill WC, Hall DR, Korchevskiy A, Strode CD, Kennedy AJ, Ballentine ML, Rycroft T, Hull MS. Prevention through design: insights from computational fluid dynamics modeling to predict exposure to ultrafine particles from 3D printing. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2021; 84:458-474. [PMID: 33641630 PMCID: PMC8044021 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.1886210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printers are increasingly used in industrial, academic, military, and residential sectors, yet their emissions and associated user exposure scenarios are not fully described. Characterization of potential user exposure and environmental releases requires robust investigation. During operation, common FFF 3D printers emit varying amounts of ultrafine particles (UFPs) depending upon feedstock material and operation procedures. Volatile organic compounds associated with these emissions exhibit distinct odors; however, the UFP portion is largely imperceptible by humans. This investigation presents straightforward computational modeling as well as experimental validation to provide actionable insights for the proactive design of lower exposure spaces where 3D printers may be used. Specifically, data suggest that forced clean airflows may create lower exposure spaces, and that computational modeling might be employed to predict these spaces with reasonable accuracy to assist with room design. The configuration and positioning of room air ventilation diffusers may be a key factor in identifying lower exposure spaces. A workflow of measuring emissions during a printing process in an ANSI/CAN/UL 2904 environmental chamber was used to provide data for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling of a 6 m2 room. Measurements of the particle concentrations in a Class 1000 clean room of identical geometry were found to pass the Hanna test for agreement between model and experimental data, validating the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel R. Hall
- Chemistry & Industrial Hygiene, Inc., Wheat Ridge, CO, USA
| | | | | | - Alan J. Kennedy
- Environmental Laboratory, U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS, USA
| | - Mark L. Ballentine
- Environmental Laboratory, U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS, USA
| | - Taylor Rycroft
- Environmental Laboratory, U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS, USA
| | - Matthew S. Hull
- NanoSafe, Inc., Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
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15
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Shon JC, Lee SM, Jung JH, Wu Z, Kwon YS, Sim HJ, Seo JS. Integrated metabolomics and lipidomics reveals high accumulation of polyunsaturated lysoglycerophospholipids in human lung fibroblasts exposed to fine particulate matter. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 202:110896. [PMID: 32622306 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) comprising toxic compounds arising from air pollution is a major human health concern. It is linked to increased mortality and incidence of various lung diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying the toxic effects of PM on lung fibroblasts have not been fully explored. We used targeted quantitative metabolomics and lipidomics analysis along with cytotoxicity studies to comprehensively characterize the alterations in the metabolite profiles of human lung fibroblasts (HEL 299) upon exposure to PM2.5 and PM10. This exposure at 50 μg/mL for 72 h induced an abnormally high apoptotic response via triggering intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial dysfunction through an imbalance between pro- and anti-apoptotic signaling pathways. The cytotoxic effects of PM2.5 were more severe than those of PM10. Metabolomics and lipidomics analyses revealed that PM exposure triggered substantial changes in the cellular metabolite profile, which involved reduced mitochondria-related metabolites such as tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates, amino acids, and free fatty acids as well as increased lysoglycerophospholipids (LPLs) containing polyunsaturated fatty acids. The decrease in mitochondria-related metabolites suggested that PM exposure led to reduced TCA cycle capacity and energy production. Apoptotic and inflammatory responses as well as mitochondrial dysfunction were likely to be accelerated because of excessive accumulation of LPLs, contributing to the disruption of membrane rafts and Ca2+ homeostasis and causing increased mitochondrial ROS formation. These results provide valuable insights regarding the toxic effects of PM exposure. Our study also provides a new direction for research on PM exposure-related health disorders using different cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Cheol Shon
- Environmental Chemistry Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Min Lee
- Biological Resources Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hoon Jung
- Environmental Chemistry Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhexue Wu
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sang Kwon
- Environmental Chemistry Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jung Sim
- Environmental Chemistry Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Su Seo
- Environmental Chemistry Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834, Republic of Korea.
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