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Pan I, Umapathy S. Probiotics an emerging therapeutic approach towards gut-brain-axis oriented chronic health issues induced by microplastics: A comprehensive review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32004. [PMID: 38882279 PMCID: PMC11176854 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Applications for plastic polymers can be found all around the world, often discarded without any prior care, exacerbating the environmental issue. When large waste materials are released into the environment, they undergo physical, biological, and photo-degradation processes that break them down into smaller polymer fragments known as microplastics (MPs). The time it takes for residual plastic to degrade depends on the type of polymer and environmental factors, with some taking as long as 600 years or more. Due to their small size, microplastics can contaminate food and enter the human body through food chains and webs, causing gastrointestinal (GI) tract pain that can range from local to systemic. Microplastics can also acquire hydrophobic organic pollutants and heavy metals on their surface, due to their large surface area and surface hydrophobicity. The levels of contamination on the microplastic surface are significantly higher than in the natural environment. The gut-brain axis (GB axis), through which organisms interact with their environment, regulate nutritional digestion and absorption, intestinal motility and secretion, complex polysaccharide breakdown, and maintain intestinal integrity, can be altered by microplastics acting alone or in combination with pollutants. Probiotics have shown significant therapeutic potential in managing various illnesses mediated by the gut-brain axis. They connect hormonal and biochemical pathways to promote gut and brain health, making them a promising therapy option for a variety of GB axis-mediated illnesses. Additionally, taking probiotics with or without food can reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS), neuro-inflammation, neurodegeneration, protein folding, and both motor and non-motor symptoms in individuals with Parkinson's disease. This study provides new insight into microplastic-induced gut dysbiosis, its associated health risks, and the benefits of using both traditional and next-generation probiotics to maintain gut homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ieshita Pan
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Integrative Physiology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Suganiya Umapathy
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Integrative Physiology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
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2
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Garg A, Basu S, Shetti NP, Bhattu M, Alodhayb AN, Pandiaraj S. Biowaste to bioenergy nexus: Fostering sustainability and circular economy. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 250:118503. [PMID: 38367840 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Existing fossil-based commercial products present a significant threat to the depletion of global natural resources and the conservation of the natural environment. Also, the ongoing generation of waste is giving rise to challenges in waste management. Conventional practices for the management of waste, for instance, incineration and landfilling, emit gases that contribute to global warming. Additionally, the need for energy is escalating rapidly due to the growing populace and industrialization. To address this escalating desire in a sustainable manner, access to clean and renewable sources of energy is imperative for long-term development of mankind. These interrelated challenges can be effectively tackled through the scientific application of biowaste-to-bioenergy technologies. The current article states an overview of the strategies and current status of these technologies, including anaerobic digestion, transesterification, photobiological hydrogen production, and alcoholic fermentation which are utilized to convert diverse biowastes such as agricultural and forest residues, animal waste, and municipal waste into bioenergy forms like bioelectricity, biodiesel, bio alcohol, and biogas. The successful implementation of these technologies requires the collaborative efforts of government, stakeholders, researchers, and scientists to enhance their practicability and widespread adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushka Garg
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Affiliate Faculty-TIET-Virginia Tech, Center of Excellence in Emerging Materials, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala-147004, India
| | - Soumen Basu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Affiliate Faculty-TIET-Virginia Tech, Center of Excellence in Emerging Materials, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala-147004, India.
| | - Nagaraj P Shetti
- Center for Energy and Environment, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, 580031, Karnataka, India; University Center for Research & Development (UCRD), Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, Panjab, India.
| | - Monika Bhattu
- Department of Chemistry, University Center for Research & Development (UCRD), Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, Panjab, India
| | - Abdullah N Alodhayb
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Biological and Environmental Sensing Research Unit, King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saravanan Pandiaraj
- Biological and Environmental Sensing Research Unit, King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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3
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Lin N, Zha X, Cai J, Li Y, Wei L, Wu B. Investigating fungal community characteristics in co-composted cotton stalk and various livestock manure products. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:26141-26152. [PMID: 38491241 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32909-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Agricultural wastes, comprising cotton straw and livestock manure, can be effectively managed through aerobic co-composting. Nevertheless, the quality and microbial characteristics of co-composting products from different sources remain unclear. Therefore, this study utilized livestock manure from various sources in Xinjiang, China, including herbivorous sheep manure (G), omnivorous pigeon manure (Y), and pigeon-sheep mixture (GY) alongside cotton stalks, for a 40-day co-composting process. We monitored physicochemical changes, assessed compost characteristics, and investigated fungal community. The results indicate that all three composts met established composting criteria, with compost G exhibiting the fastest microbial growth and achieving the highest quality. Ascomycota emerged as the predominant taxon in three compost products. Remarkably, at the genus level, the biomarker species for G, Y, and GY are Petromyces and Cordyceps, Neurospora, and Neosartorya, respectively. Microorganisms play a pivotal role in organic matter degradation, impacting nutrient composition, demonstrating significant potential for the decomposition and transformation of compost components. Redundancy analysis indicates that potassium, total organic carbon, and C:N are key factors influencing fungal communities. This study elucidates organic matter degradation in co-composting straw and livestock manure diverse sources, optimizing treatment for efficient agricultural waste utilization and sustainable practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Lin
- Xinjiang Biomass Solid Waste Resources Technology and Engineering Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Kashi University, Kashi, 844000, China
| | - Xianghao Zha
- Xinjiang Biomass Solid Waste Resources Technology and Engineering Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Kashi University, Kashi, 844000, China
| | - Jixiang Cai
- Xinjiang Biomass Solid Waste Resources Technology and Engineering Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Kashi University, Kashi, 844000, China
| | - Youwen Li
- Xinjiang Biomass Solid Waste Resources Technology and Engineering Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Kashi University, Kashi, 844000, China
| | - Lianghuan Wei
- Xinjiang Biomass Solid Waste Resources Technology and Engineering Center, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Kashi University, Kashi, 844000, China
| | - Bohan Wu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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4
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Sun X, Fu Q, Ren J, Sun-Waterhouse D, Waterhouse GIN, Qiao X. Defective copper-based metal-organic frameworks for the efficient extraction of organosulfur compounds from garlic-processing wastewater. Food Chem 2024; 435:137628. [PMID: 37804731 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Organosulfur compounds (OSCs) in garlic-processing wastewater are decomposed and generated to toxic and harmful substances with unpleasant odors under anaerobic conditions. Herein, were report the successful development of novel copper-based metal organic framework (Cu-MOF) adsorbents with high adsorption capacities for OSCs in aqueous media. Defect-rich Cu-MOF-X samples, with particle sizes between 360 and 750 nm, synthesized hydrothermal in the presence of acetic acid (where X denotes the molar ratio of acetic acid relative to the pentadentate MOF linker H4PPYD). OSC adsorption experiments using allicin, ajoene and 2-ethenyl-4H-1,3-dithiine (2-VDT) showed that Cu-MOF-200 delivered fast adsorption kinetics and high OSC adsorption capacities (149.02-171.33 mg g-1) owing to the pore accessibility and range of adsorption sites in the MOF. FT-IR, Raman, and XPS analyses, together with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, verified the strong yet reversible adsorption of OSCs in Cu-MOF-200. Results guide the development of improved adsorbents for OSC capture from garlic-processing wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Quanbin Fu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Jun Ren
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of High Performance Battery Materials and Devices, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, PR China
| | | | | | - Xuguang Qiao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian 271018, PR China.
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5
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Gao J, Li Z, Zhu B, Wang L, Xu J, Wang B, Fu X, Han H, Zhang W, Deng Y, Wang Y, Zuo Z, Peng R, Tian Y, Yao Q. Creation of Environmentally Friendly Super "Dinitrotoluene Scavenger" Plants. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303785. [PMID: 37715295 PMCID: PMC10602510 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Pervasive environmental contamination due to the uncontrolled dispersal of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) represents a substantial global health risk, demanding urgent intervention for the removal of this detrimental compound from affected sites and the promotion of ecological restoration. Conventional methodologies, however, are energy-intensive, susceptible to secondary pollution, and may inadvertently increase carbon emissions. In this study, a 2,4-DNT degradation module is designed, assembled, and validated in rice plants. Consequently, the modified rice plants acquire the ability to counteract the phytotoxicity of 2,4-DNT. The most significant finding of this study is that these modified rice plants can completely degrade 2,4-DNT into innocuous substances and subsequently introduce them into the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Further, research reveals that the modified rice plants enable the rapid phytoremediation of 2,4-DNT-contaminated soil. This innovative, eco-friendly phytoremediation approach for dinitrotoluene-contaminated soil and water demonstrates significant potential across diverse regions, substantially contributing to carbon neutrality and sustainable development objectives by repurposing carbon and energy from organic contaminants.
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6
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Wang F, Xie L, Gao W, Wu D, Chen X, Wei Z. The role of microbiota during chicken manure and pig manure co-composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023:129360. [PMID: 37336450 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Co-composting is an excellent and effective technology for treating livestock manure in which microorganisms play a crucial function. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the changes of microbial interactions during co-composting. Six different addition ratios of chicken and pig manure were used in composting experiment. The results showed that the co-composting system using 60% chicken manure and 40% pig manure significantly altered the microbial diversity and community structure. In addition, the complexity and tightness of its microbial community network structure reached the maximum, as did the strength of its cooperative and competitive microbial interactions. The higher microbial abundance and microbial interaction have the potential to promote the decomposition and transformation of compost components. Therefore, this study preliminarily revealed the changes of microbial community in co-composting, which provided a theoretical basis for optimizing microbial community interaction in composting systems by mixing different ratios of materials in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Lina Xie
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Wenfang Gao
- College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Di Wu
- Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xiaomeng Chen
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zimin Wei
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China.
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Srivastava RK, Nedungadi SV, Akhtar N, Sarangi PK, Subudhi S, Shadangi KP, Govarthanan M. Effective hydrolysis for waste plant biomass impacts sustainable fuel and reduced air pollution generation: A comprehensive review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 859:160260. [PMID: 36400296 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Among various natural biowastes availability in the environment, agricultural residues showed great impacts. It is due to huge availability and cheap carbon source, creating big challenges for their utility and systematic reduction. Objective of this review is to address the waste biomass availability and huge quantities issues and also put effort to minimize this nutrient load via biotransforming into value-added products. Different wastes (organic/inorganic) generation with their negative issues are due to numbers of developmental and social activities, reported. Currently, various efforts are found for these wastes minimization via generation of different types of value-added products (biogas, bioH2, alcoholic fuel, organic acids and others products) and these wastes in municipal cities are also reported with production of advanced biofuels as promising outcomes. For hydrolysis of complex organic resources including lignocellulosic biomasses, physicochemical, structural or compositional changes are needed that aid in conversion into sugar and organic compounds such as biofuels. So, efficient and effective pretreatment processes selection (physical, biological, chemical or combined one) is critical to achieve these hydrolysis goals and resultant cellulose or hemicellulose components can be accessible by biological catalysis. These can achieve final hydrolysis and fermentative or monomer sugars. And later, synthesis of fuels or value-added products during microbial fermentation or biotransformation processes can be achieved. This review discusses pretreatment techniques for improved hydrolysis for fermentative sugar with emphasis on reduced quantities of toxic compounds (furfural compound) in hydrolyzed biomasses. Minimum deterioration fuel economy also reported with production of different bioproducts including biofuels. Additionally, impacts of toxic products and gasses emission are also discussed with their minimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh K Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, GITAM School of Technology, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (GITAM), Visakhapatnam 530045, India.
| | - Sruthy Vineed Nedungadi
- Department of Biotechnology, GITAM School of Technology, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (GITAM), Visakhapatnam 530045, India
| | - Nasim Akhtar
- Department of Biotechnology, GITAM School of Technology, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (GITAM), Visakhapatnam 530045, India
| | | | - Sanjukta Subudhi
- Advanced Biofuels program, The Energy and Resources Institute, Darbari Seth Block, Habitat Place, Lodhi Road, New Delhi 110 003, India
| | - Krushna Prasad Shadangi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, Burla, Sambalpur, Odisha, India
| | - Muthusamy Govarthanan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600 077, India
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8
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Verma R, Sharma S, Kundu LM, Maiti SK, Pandey LM. Enhanced production of biosurfactant by Bacillus subtilis RSL2 in semicontinuous bioreactor utilizing molasses as a sole substrate. J Biotechnol 2023; 362:24-35. [PMID: 36563858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The growth-associated metabolites are produced during the exponential phase; however, this phase terminates due to substrate depletion or product inhibition. In the present study, a semicontinuous mode with a fill-and-draw strategy was applied to extend the exponential phase of the biosurfactant production to overcome the product inhibition and in turn, enhance the yield. Bioreactor studies were performed in batch mode, followed by the semicontinuous operation. A potential biosurfactant producer Bacillus subtilis RSL2 was used in this study at the previously optimized conditions of pH 6.6, temperature 41 °C and 5% (w/v) of molasses. A better mass transfer was achieved in the bioreactor as compared to the shake flask study. In the batch bioreactor study, 90% of sugar was utilized with simultaneous 13.7 g L-1 of biosurfactant production. The sugar utilization was further improved to > 98% in the case of semicontinuous operation employing a fill-and-draw strategy. The exponential phase got extended up to 18 days and a total of 13 L of media was fed in the semicontinuous operation of 21 days as compared to 1.5 L of working volume in the batch reactor. The biosurfactant yield was enhanced by 1.5 folds and was found to be 0.97 g g-1. The produced biosurfactant was identified as a lipopeptide. The interfacial properties of the biosurfactant along with colloidal and thermal stability have been investigated. The critical micelle concentration of the produced biosurfactant was 70 mg L-1. The present study highlighted the efficient utilization of molasses for the production of biosurfactant, an alternative metabolite, in a semicontinuous mode of bioreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Verma
- Centre for the Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Swati Sharma
- Bio-interface & Environmental Engineering Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Lal Mohan Kundu
- Centre for the Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Soumen K Maiti
- Integrated Bioprocessing Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Lalit M Pandey
- Centre for the Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; Bio-interface & Environmental Engineering Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
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Moura A, Delforno T, Rabelo C, Kumar G, Silva E, Varesche M. Iron and Nickel nanoparticles role in volatile fatty acids production enhancement: functional genes and bacterial taxonomy in an anaerobic fluidized bed reactor. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Wang J, Ren K, Zhu Y, Huang J, Liu S. A Review of Recent Advances in Microbial Fuel Cells: Preparation, Operation, and Application. BIOTECH (BASEL (SWITZERLAND)) 2022; 11:biotech11040044. [PMID: 36278556 PMCID: PMC9589990 DOI: 10.3390/biotech11040044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
The microbial fuel cell has been considered a promising alternative to traditional fossil energy. It has great potential in energy production, waste management, and biomass valorization. However, it has several technical issues, such as low power generation efficiency and operational stability. These issues limit the scale-up and commercialization of MFC systems. This review presents the latest progress in microbial community selection and genetic engineering techniques for enhancing microbial electricity production. The summary of substrate selection covers defined substrates and some inexpensive complex substrates, such as wastewater and lignocellulosic biomass materials. In addition, it also includes electrode modification, electron transfer mediator selection, and optimization of operating conditions. The applications of MFC systems introduced in this review involve wastewater treatment, production of value-added products, and biosensors. This review focuses on the crucial process of microbial fuel cells from preparation to application and provides an outlook for their future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Kexin Ren
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
- The Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies (CBIS), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Shijie Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
- Correspondence:
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Eloffy MG, Elgarahy AM, Saber AN, Hammad A, El-Sherif DM, Shehata M, Mohsen A, Elwakeel KZ. Biomass-to-sustainable biohydrogen: insights into the production routes, and technical challenges. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2022.100410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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12
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Bio-electrocatalyst Fe3O4/Fe@C derived from MOF as a high-performance bioanode in single-chamber microbial fuel cell. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Wen L, Huang XW, Li XY. Enhanced production of short-chain fatty acids from sludge by thermal hydrolysis and acidogenic fermentation for organic resource recovery. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 828:154389. [PMID: 35276155 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Acidogenic fermentation (FM treatment) converts organics in waste sludge to valuable short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). To maintain a favorable condition for the production of SCFAs, an alkali is often added continuously to maintain an alkaline pH in the fermenter. However, this chemical adjustment is costly and biotic hydrolysis is slow. In this research, thermal hydrolysis (TH) was introduced as a pretreatment to enhance fermentation and SCFA production. The results were compared with those obtained from the untreated sludge that underwent fermentation with a daily pH 10 adjustment (NT-FMpH10). The TH pretreatment resulted in rapid abiotic hydrolysis within a short period (1 h), releasing more than 30.5% of organics into the liquid phase of the sludge. These dissolved organics in sludge promoted rapid acidogenesis and SCFA production. TH together with a one-time alkali pretreatment further increased the production of SCFAs during sludge fermentation (TH&Alk-FM): it produced 22.8% more SCFAs than the non-treated NT-FMpH10 sludge with alkaline pH control during fermentation. Semicontinuous fermentation further showed the advantage of the TH&Alk-FM process, as a rapid and high production of SCFAs was achieved when the fermentation time was shortened from 5 d to 2 d. The microbial community analysis revealed that TH&Alk-FM and NT-FMpH10 sludge samples had simple but varied microbial communities. The dominant genera in the TH&Alk-FM sludge were unclassified Ruminococcaceae (18.9%) and unclassified Porphyromonadaceae (22.3%), belonging to the classes Clostridia and Bacteroidia, respectively. NT-FMpH10 was dominated by Tissierella (23.7%) and Proteiniborus (13.5%), which belong to Clostridia. Compared with NT-FMpH10, the microbial consortia in TH&Alk-FM were supplied with sufficient soluble organics and performed better in fermentation and SCFA production, without the need for the daily alkali addition to control pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wen
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao-Wu Huang
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; Institute of Environment and Ecology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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14
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Opoku PA, Jingyu H, Yi L, Guang L, Norgbey E. Scaled-up multi-anode shared cathode microbial fuel cell for simultaneous treatment of multiple real wastewaters and power generation. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 299:134401. [PMID: 35339526 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is lauded for its capacity to valorize organic substrates in wastes, providing a solution to environmental pollution and energy crisis. While different types of organic substrates affect removal efficiency and current output, most MFCs are designed to only be able to utilize one type of wastewater. However, many real wastewater treatment sites generate more than one type of wastewater which hinders the installation of most MFCs. This study aimed to investigate the performance of the novel-designed multi-anode shared cathode MFC (MASC-MFC) compared with a standard single anode/cathode MFC (SAC-MFC) and the simultaneous treatment of different types of real wastewaters (sewage, slaughterhouse, and hospital) in one MFC unit. The MASC-MFC (9025 mW/m2 at 23.332 mA/m2) produced 1.7 times and 1.6 times higher in power density and current density and 2.2 times lower in internal resistance than the standard single anode/cathode MFC (SAC-MFC). A maximum COD removal efficiency of 62.7% was achieved with synthetic wastewater. Feeding the MASC-MFC with multiple real wastewaters decreased maximum power density 3.5 (2599 mW/m2) times and increased internal resistance 2.7 times. Stable current generation 1.575 mA was achieved over 300 h despite the different and complex wastewater physio-chemical compositions. The MASC-MFC achieved over 40% and approximately 30% coulombic efficiency independently in all the anode chambers irrespective of the type of real wastewater used, demonstrating the MASC-MFC's capacity to treat different real wastewaters with the added benefit of electricity production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prince Atta Opoku
- Hohai University, College of Environment, No. 1 Xikang Road, 210098, Nanjing, PR China.
| | - Huang Jingyu
- Hohai University, College of Environment, No. 1 Xikang Road, 210098, Nanjing, PR China.
| | - Li Yi
- Hohai University, College of Environment, No. 1 Xikang Road, 210098, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Li Guang
- Jilin Jianzhu University, Key Laboratory of Song Liao Aquatic Environment, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Eyram Norgbey
- Hohai University, College of Environment, No. 1 Xikang Road, 210098, Nanjing, PR China
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15
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Boas JV, Oliveira VB, Simões M, Pinto AMFR. Review on microbial fuel cells applications, developments and costs. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 307:114525. [PMID: 35091241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology has attracted significant attention in the last years due to its potential to recover energy in a wastewater treatment. The idea of using an MFC in industry is very attractive as the organic wastes can be converted into energy, reducing the waste disposal costs and the energy needs while increasing the company profit. However, taking aside these promising prospects, the attempts to apply MFCs in large-scale have not been succeeded so far since their lower performance and high costs remains challenging. This review intends to present the main applications of the MFC systems and its developments, particularly the advances on configuration and operating conditions. The diagnostic techniques used to evaluate the MFC performance as well as the different modeling approaches are described. Towards the introduction of the MFC in the market, a cost analysis is also included. The development of low-cost materials and more efficient systems, with high higher power outputs and durability, are crucial towards the application of MFCs in industrial/large scale. This work is a helpful tool for discovering new operation and design regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Vilas Boas
- CEFT, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vânia B Oliveira
- CEFT, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Manuel Simões
- LEPABE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Alexandra M F R Pinto
- CEFT, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
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16
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Utilization of Aerobic Compression Composting Technology on Raw Mushroom Waste for Bioenergy Pellets Production. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10030463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Raw mushroom waste has been an enormous solid waste, not only causing a huge cut on profit margin of mushroom industries but also leading to environmental pollution. Unfortunately, the current utilization methods, such as pharmaceutical extractions, are unable to keep up with the waste generation rate due to the large-scale mushroom production. Yet, the utilization of raw mushroom waste to produce biomass pellets for energetic purposes and the role of an electric composter on shortening the processing time remain unexplored. This is important because conventional composting, which takes a relatively long period (e.g., weeks to months), is less practical when it comes to commercial use of the biomass pellets. To explore this issue, an industrial composter with initial compost was utilized to process the raw mushroom waste, followed by pelletization. Extraction of the material inside the composter at different timing was carried out to determine the optimal processing time for optimal texture to form pellets. It was found that prolonged composting hour affected the pelletization process since moisture, which acts as a natural binder, reduced when the composting hour increased. The gross calorific value increased from 14.07 MJ/kg to 18.76 MJ/kg for raw mushroom waste and compost pellets at the fifth hour, respectively. This study revealed that the raw mushroom waste compost could serve as a valuable renewable energy source and that the production of energy-rich biomass compost fuel pellets without using any binder within a short composting duration is achievable with the aid of an in-vessel composter.
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Sekar M, Ponnusamy VK, Pugazhendhi A, Nižetić S, Praveenkumar TR. Production and utilization of pyrolysis oil from solidplastic wastes: A review on pyrolysis process and influence of reactors design. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 302:114046. [PMID: 34775338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This paper reviews the new progress, challenges and barriers on production of pyrolysis oil from the plastic waste. Among the different processes thermal and catalytic are the potential methods to produce oil. Since the global plastic production increased over years the accumulation of plastic waste increases. Thus, converting the waste plastics into useful energy is very essential to avoid the environmental concerns. Initially the thermal pyrolysis process and its advantage on production of pyrolysis oil were discussed. During the thermal decomposition the waste plastic had been converted into the products such as gas, crude oil and solid residues. Secondly, the catalytic process and its recent trends were discussed. In addition, the factors affecting the catalytic pyrolysis process had been evaluated. Furthermore, the optimized concentration of catalyst subjected to the higher yield of fuel with low hydrocarbon content was found. The pyrolysis oil produced from the catalytic process has higher heating values, lower density and lower viscosity compared to thermal process. In addition, the application of pyrolysis oil on the diesel engines had been discussed. The effects of pyrolysis oil on combustion and emission characteristics were observed. This review summarizes the potential advantages and barriers of both thermal and catalytic process. Further, the optimized solutions and applications of pyrolysis oil are suggested for sustainability of the process. Besides the introduction of the pyrolysis oil were viable without making major modification to the existing engine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manigandan Sekar
- Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai City, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan.
| | - Vinoth Kumar Ponnusamy
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital (KMUH), Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan
| | | | - Sandro Nižetić
- Laboratory for Thermodynamics and Energy Efficiency, University of Split, Croatia
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18
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Rajabloo T, De Ceuninck W, Van Wortswinkel L, Rezakazemi M, Aminabhavi T. Environmental management of industrial decarbonization with focus on chemical sectors: A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 302:114055. [PMID: 34768037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A considerable portion of fossil CO2 emissions comes from the energy sector for production of heat and electricity. The industrial sector has the second order in emission in which the main parts are released from energy-intensive industries, namely metallurgy, building materials, chemicals, and manufacturing. The decarbonization of industrial wastes contemplates the classic decarbonization through optimization of conventional processes as well as utilization of renewable energy and resources. The upgrading of existing processes and integration of the methodologies with a focus on efficiency improvement and reduction of energy consumption and the environment is the main focus of this review. The implementation of renewable energy and feedstocks, green electrification, energy conversion methodologies, carbon capture, and utilization, and storage are also covered. The main objectives of this review are towards chemical industries by introducing the potential technology enhancement at different subsectors. For this purpose, state-of-the-art roadmaps and pathways from the literature findings are presented. Both common and innovative renewable attempts are needed to reach out both short- and long-term deep decarbonization targets. Even though all of the innovative solutions are not economically viable at the industrial scale, they play a crucial role during and after the energy transition interval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talieh Rajabloo
- Hasselt University, Institute for Materials Research IMO, Wetenschapspark 1, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium; IMEC vzw, Division IMOMEC, Wetenschapspark 1, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium; EnergyVille, Thor park 8320, 3600, Genk, Belgium.
| | - Ward De Ceuninck
- Hasselt University, Institute for Materials Research IMO, Wetenschapspark 1, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium; IMEC vzw, Division IMOMEC, Wetenschapspark 1, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium; EnergyVille, Thor park 8320, 3600, Genk, Belgium
| | - Luc Van Wortswinkel
- EnergyVille, Thor park 8320, 3600, Genk, Belgium; Flemish Institute for Technology Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Mashallah Rezakazemi
- Faculty of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
| | - Tejraj Aminabhavi
- School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, 580 031, India; Department of Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580 003, India.
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Tripathi S, Purchase D, Al-Rashed S, Chandra R. Microbial community dynamics and their relationships with organic and metal pollutants of sugarcane molasses-based distillery wastewater sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 292:118267. [PMID: 34601036 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Distillery sludge is a major source of aquatic pollution, but little is known about their microbial community and their association with the organic and metal pollutants. Sugarcane molasses-based distillery is an important industry in India, although the waste is usually treated prior to disposal, the treatment is often inadequate. The adverse effects of the organic and metal pollutants in sugarcane molasses-based distillery sludge on the microbial biodiversity and abundance in the disposal site have not been elucidated. This study aims to address this gap of knowledge. Samples were collected from the discharge point, 1 and 2 km downstream (D1, D2, and D3, respectively) of a sugarcane distillery in Uttar Pradesh, India, and their physico-chemical properties characterised. Using QIIME, taxonomic assignment for the V3 and V4 hypervariable regions of 16 S rRNA was performed. The phyla Proteobacteria (28-39%), Firmicutes (20-28%), Bacteriodetes (9-10%), Actinobacteria (5-10%), Tenericutes (1-9%) and Patescibacteria (2%) were the predominant bacteria in all three sites. Euryechaeota, were detected in sites D1 and D2 (1-2%) but absent in D3. Spirochaetes (5%), Sinergistetes (2%) and Cloacimonetes (1%) were only detected in samples from site D1. Shannon, Simpson, Chao1, and Observed-species indices indicated that site D1 (10.18, 0.0013, 36706.55 and 45653.84, respectively) has higher bacterial diversity and richness than D2 (6.66, 0.0001, 25987.71 and 49655.89, respectively) and D3 (8.31, 0.002, 30345.53 and 30654.88, respectively), suggesting the organic and metal pollutants provided the stressors to favour the survival of microbial community that can biodegrade and detoxify them in the distillery sludge. This study confirmed that the treatment of the distillery waste was not sufficiently effective and provided new metagenomic information on its impact on the surrounding microbial community. It also offered new insights into potential bioremediation candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Tripathi
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, School for Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar Central University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226025, India
| | - Diane Purchase
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, The Burroughs, London, NW4 4BT, UK
| | - Sarah Al-Rashed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ram Chandra
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, School for Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar Central University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226025, India.
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20
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Liu J, Zhao W, Yang SW, Hu B, Xu MX, Ma SW, Lu Q. Formation mechanism of NO x precursors during the pyrolysis of 2,5-diketopiperazine based on experimental and theoretical study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 801:149663. [PMID: 34418630 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Incineration of food waste leads to the release of NOx pollutants, whereas the formation mechanism of the NOx precursors (HCN, NH3, and HNCO) during the initial pyrolysis process is far from well-studied, limiting the source control on NOx release. In this work, 2,5-diketopiperazine (DKP) was selected as the N-containing model compound to study the formation mechanism of NOx precursors in food waste pyrolysis, by combining experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The C1-N2 bond broken via the N2-to-N5 H-transfer possesses the lowest energy barrier, together with the largest reaction rate constants in the range of 400-800 °C. NH3 can be easily generated with low energy barriers and high rate constants at low temperatures (below 630 °C). Whereas, the rate constants of the pathways for HCN formation will exceed those for NH3 generation in the range of 630-740 °C. In addition, the DKP pyrolysis can also lead to the formation of HNCO with a very low energy barrier, and it can convert into HCN and NH3 through further hydrogenation and decomposition. These calculation results are exactly consistent with the experimental results that NH3 was the main precursor in the range of 400-600 °C, and the yield of HCN exceeded that of NH3 when the temperature was over 600 °C. Our current work on the formation mechanism of NOx precursors during the pyrolysis of DKP can provide theoretical guidance for the development of NOx control technology in the pyrolysis/combustion process of organic waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Power Generation Equipment, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Wei Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Power Generation Equipment, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Shuang-Wei Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Power Generation Equipment, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Bin Hu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Power Generation Equipment, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Ming-Xin Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Power Generation Equipment, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Shan-Wei Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Power Generation Equipment, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Qiang Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Power Generation Equipment, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China.
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21
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Gudiukaite R, Nadda AK, Gricajeva A, Shanmugam S, Nguyen DD, Lam SS. Bioprocesses for the recovery of bioenergy and value-added products from wastewater: A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 300:113831. [PMID: 34649321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater and activated sludge present a major challenge worldwide. Wastewater generated from large and small-scale industries, laundries, human residential areas and other sources is emerging as a main problem in sanitation and maintenance of smart/green cities. During the last decade, different technologies and processes have been developed to recycle and purify the wastewater. Currently, identification and fundamental consideration of development of more advanced microbial-based technologies that enable wastewater treatment and simultaneous resource recovery to produce bioenergy, biofuels and other value-added compounds (organic acids, fatty acids, bioplastics, bio-pesticides, bio-surfactants and bio-flocculants etc.) became an emerging topic. In the last several decades, significant development of bioprocesses and techniques for the extraction and recovery of mentioned valuable molecules and compounds from wastewater, waste biomass or sludge has been made. This review presents different microbial-based process routes related to resource recovery and wastewater application for the production of value-added products and bioenergy. Current process limitations and insights for future research to promote more efficient and sustainable routes for this under-utilized and continually growing waste stream are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Gudiukaite
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekis Avenue 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Ashok Kumar Nadda
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, 173 234, India.
| | - Alisa Gricajeva
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekis Avenue 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Sabarathinam Shanmugam
- Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - D Duc Nguyen
- Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, Gwanggyosan-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 442-760, South Korea
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
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22
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Wang X, Kong Z, Ye J, Shao C, Li B. Hollow nitrogen-doped carbon nanospheres as cathode catalysts to enhance oxygen reduction reaction in microbial fuel cells treating wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 201:111603. [PMID: 34214563 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hollow nanospheres play a pivotal role in the electro-catalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), which is a crucial step in microbial fuel cell (MFC) device. Herein, the hollow nitrogen-doped carbon nanospheres (HNCNS) were synthesized with the sacrifice of silica coated carbon nanospheres (CNS@SiO2) as template. HNCNS remarkably enhanced the ORR activity compared to the solid carbon and solid silica spheres. By tuning calcination temperature (800-1100 °C), the surface chemistry properties of HNCNS were effectively regulated. The optimal HNCNS-1000 catalyst which was calcined at 1000 °C exhibited the highest ORR activity in neutral media with the onset potential of 0.255 V and half-wave potential of -0.006 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). Single chamber MFC (SCMFC) assembled with HNCNS-1000 cathode unveiled comparable activity to a conventional Pt/C reference. It showed the highest maximum power density of 1307 ± 26 mW/m2, excellent output stability of 5.8% decline within 680 h, chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal of 94.0 ± 0.3% and coulombic efficiency (CE) of 7.9 ± 0.9%. These excellent results were attributed to a cooperative effect of the optimized surface properties (e.g., structural defects, relative content of pyrrolic nitrogen and specific surface area) and the formation of hollow nanosphere structure. Furthermore, the positive linear relationship of the structural defects and pyrrolic nitrogen species with the maximum power generation in SCMFC were clearly elucidated. This study demonstrated that the cost effective HNCNS-1000 was a promising alternative to commercial Pt/C catalyst for practical application in MFCs treating wastewater. Our result revealed the effectiveness of MFC fabricated with HNCNS-1000 cathode catalyst in terms of power generation and wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zhangyige Kong
- Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jianshan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Chunfeng Shao
- Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Baitao Li
- Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
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Taheri E, Amin MM, Fatehizadeh A, Rezakazemi M, Aminabhavi TM. Artificial intelligence modeling to predict transmembrane pressure in anaerobic membrane bioreactor-sequencing batch reactor during biohydrogen production. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 292:112759. [PMID: 33984638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The complex nature of wastewater treatment has led to search for alternative strategies such as different artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to model the various operational parameters. The present work is aimed at predicting the transmembrane pressure (TMP) as a key operational parameter in the case of anaerobic membrane bioreactor-sequencing batch reactor (AnMBR-SBR) during biohydrogen production using the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS) and artificial neural network (ANN). In both the models, organic loading rates (OLR) ranging from 0.5 to 8.0 g COD/L/d, effluent pH (3.6-6.9), mixed liquor suspended solid (4.6-21.5 g/L) and mixed liquor volatile suspended solid (3.7-15.5 g/L) were used as the input parameters to test TMP as an output parameter. The ANFIS model was trained using the hybrid algorithms for TMP prediction. The higher prediction performance was obtained by using the Gauss membership function with four membership numbers. A back-propagation algorithm was also employed for the feed forward training of ANN model; the best structure was a Levenberg-Marquardt training algorithm with nine neurons in the hidden layer. By employing ANFIS and ANN models, relatively a good prediction of TMP was obtained with the R2 values of 0.93 and 0.88, respectively while the calculated mean square error for TMP in the ANFIS model (7.3 × 10-3) was lower than that of ANN model (8.02 × 10-3). The higher R2 and lower MSE values for the ANFIS model exhibited a better TMP prediction performance than the ANN model. Finally, it was observed that in the sensitivity analysis of ANN model, OLR was the most important input parameter on the variation of TMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ensiyeh Taheri
- Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Amin
- Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Fatehizadeh
- Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mashallah Rezakazemi
- Faculty of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
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24
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Soltani F, Navidjouy N, Khorsandi H, Rahimnejad M, Alizadeh S. A novel bio-electro-Fenton system with dual application for the catalytic degradation of tetracycline antibiotic in wastewater and bioelectricity generation. RSC Adv 2021; 11:27160-27173. [PMID: 35480664 PMCID: PMC9037666 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04584a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this new insight, the potential application of the eco-friendly Bio-Electro-Fenton (BEF) system was surveyed with the aim of simultaneous degradation of tetracycline and in situ generation of renewable bioenergy without the need for an external electricity source. To shed light on this issue, catalytic degradation of tetracycline was directly accrued via in situ generated hydroxyl free radicals from Fenton's reaction in the cathode chamber. Simultaneously, the in situ electricity generation as renewable bioenergy was carried out through microbial activities. The effects of operating parameters, such as electrical circuit conditions (in the absence and presence of external resistor load), substrate concentration (1000, 2000, 5000, and 10 000 mg L−1), catholyte pH (3, 5, and 7), and FeSO4 concentration (2, 5, and 10 mg L−1) were investigated in detail. The obtained results indicated that the tetracycline degradation was up to 99.04 ± 0.91% after 24 h under the optimal conditions (short-circuit, pH 3, FeSO4 concentration of 5 mg L−1, and substrate concentration of 2000 mg L−1). Also, the maximum removal efficiency of anodic COD (85.71 ± 1.81%) was achieved by increasing the substrate concentration up to 2000 mg L−1. However, the removal efficiencies decreased to 78.29 ± 2.68% with increasing substrate concentration up to 10 000 mg L−1. Meanwhile, the obtained maximum voltage, current density, and power density were 322 mV, 1195 mA m−2, and 141.60 mW m−2, respectively, at the substrate concentration of 10 000 mg L−1. Present results suggested that the BEF system could be employed as an energy-saving and promising technology for antibiotic-containing wastewater treatment and simultaneous sustainable bioelectricity generation. In this new insight, the potential application of the Bio-Electro-Fenton system was surveyed with the aim of simultaneous degradation of tetracycline and in situ generation of renewable bioenergy without the need for an external electricity source.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Soltani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences Urmia Iran +98 9143489617
| | - Nahid Navidjouy
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences Urmia Iran +98 9143489617
| | - Hassan Khorsandi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences Urmia Iran +98 9143489617
| | - Mostafa Rahimnejad
- Biofuel and Renewable Energy Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology Babol Iran
| | - Saber Alizadeh
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali-Sina University Hamedan Iran
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Srivastava RK, Shetti NP, Reddy KR, Kwon EE, Nadagouda MN, Aminabhavi TM. Biomass utilization and production of biofuels from carbon neutral materials. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 276:116731. [PMID: 33607352 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The availability of organic matters in vast quantities from the agricultural/industrial practices has long been a significant environmental challenge. These wastes have created global issues in increasing the levels of BOD or COD in water as well as in soil or air segments. Such wastes can be converted into bioenergy using a specific conversion platform in conjunction with the appropriate utilization of the methods such as anaerobic digestion, secondary waste treatment, or efficient hydrolytic breakdown as these can promote bioenergy production to mitigate the environmental issues. By the proper utilization of waste organics and by adopting innovative approaches, one can develop bioenergy processes to meet the energy needs of the society. Waste organic matters from plant origins or other agro-sources, biopolymers, or complex organic matters (cellulose, hemicelluloses, non-consumable starches or proteins) can be used as cheap raw carbon resources to produce biofuels or biogases to fulfill the ever increasing energy demands. Attempts have been made for bioenergy production by biosynthesizing, methanol, n-butanol, ethanol, algal biodiesel, and biohydrogen using different types of organic matters via biotechnological/chemical routes to meet the world's energy need by producing least amount of toxic gases (reduction up to 20-70% in concentration) in order to promote sustainable green environmental growth. This review emphasizes on the nature of available wastes, different strategies for its breakdown or hydrolysis, efficient microbial systems. Some representative examples of biomasses source that are used for bioenergy production by providing critical information are discussed. Furthermore, bioenergy production from the plant-based organic matters and environmental issues are also discussed. Advanced biofuels from the organic matters are discussed with efficient microbial and chemical processes for the promotion of biofuel production from the utilization of plant biomasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh K Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, GIT, GITAM (Deemed to Be University), Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam, 530045, (A.P.), India
| | - Nagaraj P Shetti
- Department of Chemistry, K. L. E. Institute of Technology, Gokul, Hubballi, 580027, Karnataka, India
| | - Kakarla Raghava Reddy
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Eilhann E Kwon
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Mallikarjuna N Nadagouda
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45324, USA
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26
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Sharma S, Basu S, Shetti NP, Nadagouda MN, Aminabhavi TM. Microplastics in the environment: Occurrence, perils, and eradication. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND : 1996) 2021; 408:127317. [PMID: 34017217 PMCID: PMC8129922 DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2020.127317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) with sizes < 5 mm are found in various compositions, shapes, morphologies, and textures that are the major sources of environmental pollution. The fraction of MPs in total weight of plastic accumulation around the world is predicted to be 13.2% by 2060. These micron-sized MPs are hazardous to marine species, birds, animals, soil creatures and humans due to their occurrence in air, water, soil, indoor dust and food items. The present review covers discussions on the damaging effects of MPs on the environment and their removal techniques including biodegradation, adsorption, catalytic, photocatalytic degradation, coagulation, filtration and electro-coagulation. The main techniques used to analyze the structural and surface changes such as cracks, holes and erosion post the degradation processes are FTIR and SEM analysis. In addition, reduction in plastic molecular weight by the microbes implies disintegration of MPs. Adsorptive removal by the magnetic adsorbent promises complete elimination while the biodegradable catalysts could remove 70-100% of MPs. Catalytic degradation via advanced oxidation assisted by S O 4 • - or O H • radicals generated by peroxymonosulfate or sodium sulfate are also adequately covered in addition to photocatalysis. The chemical methods such as sol-gel, agglomeration, and coagulation in conjunction with other physical methods are discussed concerning the drinking water/wastewater/sludge treatments. The efficacy, merits and demerits of the currently used removal approaches are reviewed that will be helpful in developing more sophisticated technologies for the complete mitigation of MPs from the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Sharma
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, India
| | - Soumen Basu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, India
| | - Nagaraj P. Shetti
- Center for Electrochemical Science and Materials, Department of Chemistry, K.L.E. Institute of Technology, Hubballi-580 027, Karnataka, India
| | - Mallikarjuna N. Nadagouda
- The United States Environmental Protection Agency, ORD, CESER, WID, CMTB, 26 W. Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, United States
- Corresponding authors. (M.N. Nadagouda), (T.M. Aminabhavi)
| | - Tejraj M. Aminabhavi
- Pharmaceutical Engineering, SET’s College of Pharmacy, Dharwad 580 002, Karnataka, India
- Corresponding authors. (M.N. Nadagouda), (T.M. Aminabhavi)
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27
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Angural S, Bala I, Kumar A, Kumar D, Jassal S, Gupta N. Bleach enhancement of mixed wood pulp by mixture of thermo-alkali-stable xylanase and mannanase derived through co-culturing of Alkalophilic Bacillus sp. NG-27 and Bacillus nealsonii PN-11. Heliyon 2021; 7:e05673. [PMID: 33553710 PMCID: PMC7855340 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Application of a combination of enzymes is the best alternative to reduce the use of chemicals in the paper industry. Bacillus sp. NG-27 and Bacillus nealsonii PN-11 are known to produce thermoalkali stable xylanse (X) and mannanase (M) respectively having potential for pulp biobleaching. The Present study, reports the production of a mixture of X + M by co-culturing of strains in SSF and standardizing its application for pulp biobleaching. Production of enzymes by co-cultivation in SSF was optimized by statistical methods. Substantial increase in the yield of enzymes; 3.61 fold of xylanase and 37.71 fold of mannanase was achieved. Application of enzyme cocktail for pulp biobleaching resulted in a 45.64% reduction of kappa number with 55 IU g-1odp of enzyme dose (xylanase:mannanase; 3:1) at pH 8.0 in 1h at 65 °C along with significant increase in brightness (11%) and whiteness (75%). The Same quality of paper as made up from chemical treated pulp can be made from enzyme-treated pulp with 30% less use of chlorine. Structural analysis of enzyme-treated pulp showed dissolution of hemicellulose as indicated by pores, cracks and increased roughness all over the surface. Cocktail of X + M produced economically in a single fermentation having all the requisite characteristics for pulp biobleaching is a highly suitable candidate for application in the pulp and paper industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffy Angural
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Indu Bala
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Aditya Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sunena Jassal
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Naveen Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Sharma S, Basu S, Shetti NP, Kamali M, Walvekar P, Aminabhavi TM. Waste-to-energy nexus: A sustainable development. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115501. [PMID: 32892013 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An upsurge in global population due to speedy urbanization and industrialization is facing significant challenges such as rising energy-demand, enormous waste-generation and environmental deterioration. The waste-to-energy nexus based on the 5R principle (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Recovery, and Restore) is of paramount importance in solving these Gordian knots. This review essentially concentrates on latest advancements in the field of 'simultaneous waste reduction and energy production' technologies. The waste-to-energy approaches (thermal and biochemical) for energy production from the agricultural residues are comprehensively discussed in terms environmental, techno-economic, and policy analysis. The review will assess the loopholes in order to come up with more sophisticated technologies that are not only eco-friendly and cost-effective, but also socially viable. The waste-to-energy nexus as a paradigm for sustainable development of restoring waste is critically discussed considering future advancement plans and agendas of the policy-makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Sharma
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, 147004, India
| | - Soumen Basu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, 147004, India
| | - Nagaraj P Shetti
- Center for Electrochemical Science and Materials, Department of Chemistry, K.L.E. Institute of Technology, Hubballi, 580 027, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohammadreza Kamali
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, J. De Nayerlaan 5, 2860, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | - Pavan Walvekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, SET's College of Pharmacy, Dharwad, 580 002, Karnataka, India
| | - Tejraj M Aminabhavi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, SET's College of Pharmacy, Dharwad, 580 002, Karnataka, India.
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29
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Sharma S, Kundu A, Basu S, Shetti NP, Aminabhavi TM. Sustainable environmental management and related biofuel technologies. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 273:111096. [PMID: 32734892 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Environmental sustainability criteria and rising energy demands, exhaustion of conventional resources of energy followed by environmental degradation due to abrupt climate changes have shifted the attention of scientists to seek renewable sources of green and clean energy for sustainable development. Bioenergy is an excellent alternative since it can be applied for several energy-requirements after utilizing suitable conversion methodology. This review elucidates all aspects of biofuels (bioethanol, biodiesel, and butanol) and their sustainability criteria. The principal focus is on the latest developments in biofuel production chiefly stressing on the role of nanotechnology. A plethora of investigations regarding the emerging techniques for process improvement like integration methods, less energy-intensive distillation techniques, and bioengineering of microorganisms are discussed. This can assist in making biofuel-production in a real-world market more economically and environmentally viable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Sharma
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, 147004, India
| | - Aayushi Kundu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, 147004, India; Affiliate Faculty-TIET-Virginia Tech Center of Excellence in Emerging Materials, India
| | - Soumen Basu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, 147004, India; Affiliate Faculty-TIET-Virginia Tech Center of Excellence in Emerging Materials, India.
| | - Nagaraj P Shetti
- Center for Electrochemical Science and Materials, Department of Chemistry, K.L.E. Institute of Technology, Hubballi, 580 027, India.
| | - Tejraj M Aminabhavi
- Pharmaceutical Engineering, SET's College of Pharmacy, Dharwad, 580 002, Karnataka, India.
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30
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Das SR, Basak N. Molecular biohydrogen production by dark and photo fermentation from wastes containing starch: recent advancement and future perspective. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2020; 44:1-25. [PMID: 32785789 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02422-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Changing lifestyle is increasing the energy demand. Fossil fuel is unable to deliver such huge energy. Clean energy from renewable source can solve this problem. Hydrogen is a clean and energy-efficient fuel and used for electricity generation by fuel cells or can be used in combustion engine. Easy availability of starch wastes from different industrial food processing wastes makes it a potential source for hydrogen (H2) generation. Among various processes such as steam reforming, electrolysis, biophotolysis of water and anaerobic fermentation, anaerobic fermentation technique is environmentally friendly and requires less external energy, making it a preferred process for H2 generation. Dark fermentation process can use wide range of substrates including agricultural and industrial starchy waste with low level of undesirable compounds. Application of both anaerobic dark and photofermentation can improve H2 yield and production rate. H2 production from wastes containing starch serves dual benefit of waste reduction and energy generation. As starch is a polymer and all hydrogen-producing bacteria cannot produce amylase to hydrolyze it, a pretreatment step is required to convert starch into glucose and maltose. In this present review paper, we have summarized: (i) potential of various types of starch-containing wastes as feedstock, (ii) various fermentation techniques, (iii) optimization of external process parameter, (iv) application of bioreactor and simulation in fermentation technique and (v) advancement in H2 production from starchy wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya Ranjan Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144011, India
| | - Nitai Basak
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144011, India.
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