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Bogusz A, Tomczyk B, Trzcińska M, Mirosław B, Gworek B. Effect of zeolites on the reduction of the ecotoxicity of carbamazepine in the environment. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 277:116320. [PMID: 38653020 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the impact of calcination of zeolites on the ecotoxicity of carbamazepine solutions in two matrices, water and synthetic sewage, was assessed. Two types of zeolites were tested: natural zeolite, in the form of a zeolite rock consisting mainly of clinoptilolite, and a synthetic zeolite type 5 A. Additionally, zeolites were calcined at a temperature of 200 °C. The kinetics of carbamazepine adsorption in aqueous solutions and in synthetic sewage matrix was determined. Higher adsorption capacity was obtained for carbamazepine aqueous solutions as well as zeolites after the calcination process. Considering type of zeolite, the highest and fastest uptake of carbamazepine was observed for natural zeolite after calcination. In the case of ecotoxicity, carbamazepine solutions before adsorption was the most toxic towards Raphidocelis subcapitata, next Aliivibrio fischeri and Daphnia magna, regardless to the matrix type. The differentiation in toxicity regarding the type of matrix was observed, in the case of algae and bacteria, higher toxicity was demonstrated by carbamazepine solutions in the water matrix, while in the case of crustaceans-the sewage matrix. After the adsorption process, the toxicity of carbamazepine solutions on zeolites decreased by 34.5-60.9 % for R. subcapitata, 33-39 % for A. fischeri and 55-60 % for D. magna, thus confirming the effectiveness of the proposed method of carbamazepine immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Bogusz
- Department of Ecotoxicology, Institute of Environmental Protection - National Research Institute, Ks. Troszynskiego St. 9, Warsaw 01-693, Poland.
| | - Beata Tomczyk
- Department of Ecotoxicology, Institute of Environmental Protection - National Research Institute, Ks. Troszynskiego St. 9, Warsaw 01-693, Poland
| | - Magdalena Trzcińska
- Department of Ecotoxicology, Institute of Environmental Protection - National Research Institute, Ks. Troszynskiego St. 9, Warsaw 01-693, Poland
| | - Barbara Mirosław
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, Lublin 20-031, Poland
| | - Barbara Gworek
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Risk Assessment, Institute of Environmental Protection - National Research Institute, Slowicza St. 32, Warsaw 02-170, Poland
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Shanmuganathan R, Sibtain Kadri M, Mathimani T, Hoang Le Q, Pugazhendhi A. Recent innovations and challenges in the eradication of emerging contaminants from aquatic systems. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 332:138812. [PMID: 37127197 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Presence of emerging pollutants (EPs), aka Micropollutants (MPs) in the freshwater environments is a severe threat to the environment and human beings. They include pharmaceuticals, insecticides, industrial chemicals, natural hormones, and personal care items and the pollutants are mostly present in wastewater generated from urbanization and increased industrial growth. Even concentrations as low as ngL-1 or mgL-1 have proven ecologically lethal to aquatic biota. For several years, the biodegradation of various Micropollutants (MPs) in aquatic ecosystems has been a significant area of research worldwide, with many chemical compounds being discovered in various water bodies. As aquatic biota spends most of their formative phases in polluted water, the impacts on aquatic biota are obvious, indicating that the environmental danger is substantial. In contrast, the impact of these contaminants on aquatic creatures and freshwater consumption is more subtle and manifests directly when disrupting the endocrine system. Research and development activities are expected to enable the development of ecologically sustainable, cost-effective, and efficient treatments for practical systems in the near future. Therefore, this review aims to understand recent emerging pollutants discovered and the available treatment technologies and suggest an innovative and cost-effective method to treat these EPs, which is sustainable and follows the circular bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajasree Shanmuganathan
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam; Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
| | - Mohammad Sibtain Kadri
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung City, 804201, Taiwan
| | - Thangavel Mathimani
- Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Quynh Hoang Le
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam; Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- Emerging Materials for Energy and Environmental Applications Research Group, School of Engineering and Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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Liu X, Yang Z, Peng J, Chen L, Yang Y, Li H, Yang L. Advanced treatment of secondary effluent by the integration of heterogeneous catalytic ozonation and biological aerated filter. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 87:1893-1906. [PMID: 37119162 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The advanced treatment of secondary effluents was investigated by employing heterogeneous catalytic ozonation integrated with a biological aerated filter (BAF) process. The results indicated that catalytic ozonation with the prepared catalyst (MnxCuyOz/γ-Fe2O3) significantly enhanced the performance of pollutant removal and broke up macromolecules into molecular substances by the generated hydroxyl radicals. These molecular substances were easily absorbed by microorganisms in the microbial membrane reactor. In the BAF process, chemical oxygen demand (COD) (chemical oxygen demand) decreased from 54.26 to 32.56 mg/L, while in catalytic ozonation coupled with the BAF, COD could be reduced to 14.65 mg/L (removal ratio 73%). Under the same condition, NH4+-N decreased from 77.43 to 22.69 mg/L and 15.73 mg/L (removal ratio 70%) in the BAF and the catalytic ozonation coupled with BAF, respectively. In addition, the model that highly correlated influent COD to effluent COD and reactor height for filler could predict the removal ratio of COD of the BAF system. Based on the microbial community analysis, ozone in the solution had a certain screening effect on microorganisms, which helped to better adapt to the ozone-containing environment. Therefore, the integrated process with its efficient, economic, and sustainable advantages was suitable for the advanced treatment of secondary effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghao Liu
- Center for Environment and Water Resource, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhaoguang Yang
- Center for Environment and Water Resource, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jiayun Peng
- Logistics Support Department of the Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China E-mail:
| | - Leilei Chen
- Center for Environment and Water Resource, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Center for Environment and Water Resource, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Haipu Li
- Center for Environment and Water Resource, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Liqun Yang
- Logistics Support Department of the Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China E-mail:
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Luo Y, Liu C, He S. Synthesis and characterization of a novel magnetic resin (m-MAR resin) and its removal performance for alkaline amino acids. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:114067. [PMID: 35963319 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Alkaline amino acids as dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) have raised much concern in drinking water treatment due to poor removal in conventional treatment process and high potential for nitrogenous disinfection by-products (N-DBPs). This work was intended to devise a new magnetic adsorption resin (noted as m-MAR resin) for the efficient reduction of alkaline amino acids and explore the application potential of combined MIEX and m-MAR resins. The distribution and composition of DON and amino acids was clarified for different water sources in Lake Taihu basin, in which alkaline amino acids accounted for a higher proportion. The removal of different nitrogenous organics by MIEX resin was also examined, where the resin was effective in removing phycocyanin (65.6%) and glutamic acid (74.2%), reducing the generation of disinfection by-products (DBPs). The m-MAR resin was manufactured and characterized to cope with alkaline amino acids, and batch experiments were undertaken to investigate its adsorption behaviors on histidine and arginine under different operating conditions. The maximal adsorption capacities of arginine and histidine onto m-MAR resin were 2.84 mg/g and 1.62 mg/g, respectively, which was better than MIEX resin. The removal mechanism of the two basic amino acids by m-MAR resin was mainly due to the hydrogen bonding and the acid-base reaction. Moreover, the reusability of the m-MAR resin was elucidated after six successive adsorption-desorption cycles. Finally, the effectiveness of combined MIEX and m-MAR resin in treating DON derived from Microcystis aeruginosa reached 35.2% and the DON concentration in Lake Taihu could be reduced from 0.56 to 0.16 mg/L, which simultaneously decreased the generation potential of N-DBPs. The enhancement of coagulation by the combined process of m-MIER and m-MAR as pretreatment was estimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuye Luo
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Siyuan He
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
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Mallick SP, Mallick Z, Mayer BK. Meta-analysis of the prevalence of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) in water and wastewater and review of DON removal and recovery strategies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 828:154476. [PMID: 35276173 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Most wastewater removal and recovery processes primarily target dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) species, leaving the untreated non-reactive dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) in the effluent. This DON fraction can account for a substantial part of the total nitrogen (N) load. We analyzed large datasets of N species and concentrations (with a focus on quantifying the fraction of DON) in surface water, ground water, and wastewater effluent across the United States. We then reviewed strategies to remove and recover DON based on results of a range of treatment technologies reported in the literature, including laboratory-scale up to full-scale operation in wastewater treatment plants. Our meta-analysis showed that DON concentrations are greatest in wastewater effluent followed by surface water and groundwater. The concentration of DON in wastewater effluent varied from 0.01 to 10.9 mg N/L (number of data points, n = 163), where the range in surface water was 0.002 to 14.3 mg N/L (n = 11,803). Organic N accounted for the majority of total N in 12.3% of wastewater effluent samples and 49.1% of surface waters. Our literature review showed that currently available wastewater treatment processes do not efficiently target DON removal nor recovery of the DON as a valuable product. One potential DON removal and recovery strategy is transforming DON into DIN, which is generally more easily removed and recovered. Transformation strategies reported in the literature include ozonation, UV/H2O2, and electrooxidation. However, as advanced oxidation processes are often energy- and cost-intensive, further research is needed to improve DON removal and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Synthia P Mallick
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Marquette University, 1637 West Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA.
| | - Zayed Mallick
- Department of Environmental Science & Management, North South University, Bashundhara, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh.
| | - Brooke K Mayer
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Marquette University, 1637 West Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA.
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Zong Y, Jin X, Li Y, Xu L, Shi X, Jin P, Wang XC, Zhang L. Assessing the performance of coral reef-like floc towards the removal of low molecular weight organic contaminant. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 811:152413. [PMID: 34923014 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The removal of low molecular weight (MW) organics by coagulation is always a challenge in water treatment. In this study, we proposed a novel coagulation strategy: continuous dosing coagulation (CDC). The metallic coagulant and alkali were continuously dosed into water that was pre-acidized, rather than adding all the coagulant and alkali at once as in conventional coagulation (CC). The CDC process promoted the removal of different low MW organics, performing 15% better than the CC process. The best performance occurred at initial pH 6 and the coagulant dosing rate was 2 mg/(L·min). Under optimal conditions, the continuously dosed coagulant formed medium polymer Al in the early stages, which bound low MW organics to form complexes. Then, the subsequently dosed coagulant could adhere to the primary complexes and form coral reef-like surfaces with higher zeta potential and specific surface area. Each freshly formed surface bound contaminants and covered the previous surface. As a result, more dissolved low MW organic contaminants were included in the interior of flocs. However, in the CC process, all the coagulant was dosed at once, resulting in the rapid formation of aluminum hydroxide clusters, which had cotton-like surfaces with fewer binding sites. To achieve similar organic removal in treating secondary effluent, the CDC dosage was half of the CC dosage, indicating the potential economic benefits. The CDC process is a promising technology and the application in various water treatments should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukai Zong
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710055, China
| | - Xin Jin
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710055, China; School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 712000, China
| | - Yao Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710055, China
| | - Lu Xu
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 712000, China
| | - Xuan Shi
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 712000, China
| | - Pengkang Jin
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710055, China; School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 712000, China.
| | - Xiaochang C Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710055, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710055, China
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7
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Maqbool T, Sun M, Chen L, Zhang Z. Exploring the fate of dissolved organic matter at the molecular level in the reactive electrochemical ceramic membrane system using fluorescence spectroscopy and FT-ICR MS. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 210:117979. [PMID: 34953213 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This research evaluated the performance of reactive electrochemical ceramic membrane (REM) in treating secondary effluent and investigated the fate of dissolved organic matter (DOM) at the molecular level. The role of adsorption, electrosorption, and oxidation in DOM removal was comprehensively elucidated based on fluorescence spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). Among the fluorescence components (C1-C3) in secondary effluent, microbial humic-like C2 showed fewer adsorption on the REM surface without applying an electrical potential. The electrosorption helped an enhanced uptake of all DOM components and transformed them onto the electrode surface. The fluorescence components and all three fractions (hydrophilic, transphilic, and hydrophobic) were rapidly degraded, and finished water with stable DOM was obtained. The leading degradation phenomena were the change of the unsaturated compounds to the aliphatic and transformation of large-sized molecules to medium and small-sized ones. Above 70% of the compounds in the secondary effluent acted as precursors, which were mineralized/degraded and transformed products were found on the REM surface and in the finished water. The compounds containing sulfur (CHOS) were easily and preferably degraded/mineralized, followed by the compounds containing nitrogen (CHON) and CHO. The oxidation of DOM led to the extensive formation of organo-chlorinated compounds, which contributed above 80% in products. Overall, the combination of fluorescence spectroscopy and FT-ICR MS provided unique behavior of DOM in the secondary effluent toward electro-oxidation in the REM system. These findings could help explore the potential of REM for different water matrices to project the possible composition of DOM in the finished water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Maqbool
- Institute of Environmental Engineering & Nano-Technology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Mingming Sun
- Institute of Environmental Engineering & Nano-Technology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering & Nano-Technology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhenghua Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering & Nano-Technology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Choi S, Yoom H, Son H, Seo C, Kim K, Lee Y, Kim YM. Removal efficiency of organic micropollutants in successive wastewater treatment steps in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant: Bench-scale application of tertiary treatment processes to improve removal of organic micropollutants persisting after secondary treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132629. [PMID: 34695484 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to investigate the occurrence and removal of 52 organic micropollutants (OMPs) during each wastewater treatment step in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Pharmaceuticals such as metformin, acetaminophen, caffeine, ibuprofen, cimetidine and naproxen were found with high average concentrations in the influent. Most OMPs were not affected by the primary treatment (removal <10%), while secondary biological treatment contributed the most to overall removal of the OMPs. Among the three lanes of the secondary treatment of the WWTP, a combined anaerobic-anoxic-oxic process followed by a membrane bioreactor (A2O-MBR) process effectively facilitated removal of the OMPs (96%) using a different redox: a conventional activated sludge (CAS) process exhibited removal of approximately 85% of total concentrations of the OMPs, while a Modified Ludzack-Ettinger (MLE) process achieved approximately 92.1% removal. Removal of more than 50% of the concentrations of 13 targeted OMPs was observed in the secondary effluent (except for metformin showing only 3.8% removal) via adsorption with powdered activated carbon (PAC) as additional tertiary treatment. Metformin, inadequately removed by additional tertiary treatments, was effectively removed by a biological activated carbon (BAC) process, reaching a removal efficiency of 90.5%. To increase the removal of the amounts and types of OMPs with various physico-chemical properties, hybrid processes through a combination of diverse advanced treatment should be tailored to WWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangki Choi
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoonsik Yoom
- Busan Water Quality Institute, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, 50804, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejong Son
- Busan Water Quality Institute, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, 50804, Republic of Korea
| | - Changdong Seo
- Busan Water Quality Institute, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, 50804, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunga Kim
- Busan Water Quality Institute, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, 50804, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunho Lee
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Mo Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
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A Review on the Removal of Carbamazepine from Aqueous Solution by Using Activated Carbon and Biochar. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su132111760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Carbamazepine (CBZ), one of the most used pharmaceuticals worldwide and a Contaminant of Emerging Concern, represents a potential risk for the environment and human health. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are a significant source of CBZ to the environment, polluting the whole water cycle. In this review, the CBZ presence and fate in the urban water cycle are addressed, with a focus on adsorption as a possible solution for its removal. Specifically, the scientific literature on CBZ removal by activated carbon and its possible substitute Biochar, is comprehensively scanned and summed up, in view of increasing the circularity in water treatments. CBZ adsorption onto activated carbon and biochar is analyzed considering several aspects, such as physicochemical characteristics of the adsorbents, operational conditions of the adsorption processes and adsorption kinetics and isotherms models. WWTPs usually show almost no removal of CBZ (even negative), whereas removal is witnessed in drinking water treatment plants through advanced treatments (even >90%). Among these, adsorption is considered one of the preferable methods, being economical and easier to operate. Adsorption capacity of CBZ is influenced by the characteristics of the adsorbent precursors, pyrolysis temperature and modification or activation processes. Among operational conditions, pH shows low influence on the process, as CBZ has no charge in most pH ranges. Differently, increasing temperature and rotational speed favor the adsorption of CBZ. The presence of other micro-contaminants and organic matter decreases the CBZ adsorption due to competition effects. These results, however, concern mainly laboratory-scale studies, hence, full-scale investigations are recommended to take into account the complexity of the real conditions.
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Zhang X, Yang Y, Ngo HH, Guo W, Wen H, Wang X, Zhang J, Long T. A critical review on challenges and trend of ultrapure water production process. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 785:147254. [PMID: 33933770 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The recent and vigorous developments in semiconductor technology strictly request better quality and large quantity of ultrapure water (UPW) for their production. It is crucial to secure a large amount of raw water for the future development of UPW production. Using reclaimed water as alternative raw water source to produce UPW is therefore considered the feasible trend and solution for sustainable use of water resources towards a common future practice in UPW production. The challenge of using reclaimed water is due to its higher content of organic pollutants, especially small molecule organic pollutants such as urea, which are difficult to remove through traditional UPW production process. Consequently, improving the existing UPW production process to meet the water standard desired in the semiconductor industry is essential. This paper reviewed the current traditional processes for removing organic matters in UPW production, including ion-exchange (IX) adsorption, granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption, reverse osmosis (RO) and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. The potential problems in the actual UPW production process were identified when using reclaimed water as raw water source. A new strategy of applying the advanced oxidation process (AOPs) to UPW production as a supplementary unit to guarantee UPW quality was proposed. Its feasibility and research focus were then analyzed and discussed in obtaining a new solution for a future development of the UPW production process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinbo Zhang
- Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Yuanying Yang
- Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China; Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Wenshan Guo
- Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China; Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Haitao Wen
- Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- TG Hilyte Environment Technology (Beijing) Co., LTD., Beijing 100000, China
| | - Jianqing Zhang
- TG Hilyte Environment Technology (Beijing) Co., LTD., Beijing 100000, China
| | - Tianwei Long
- Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin 300384, China
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