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Li T, Liu S, Guo X, He X, Lu A, Wang Q, Wang Z. Design, synthesis, and biological activities of arecoline derivatives containing 1,3,4-oxadiazole structure. Bioorg Chem 2024; 151:107708. [PMID: 39133973 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/30/2024]
Abstract
Pesticides play an important role in the development of agriculture, as they can prevent and control crop diseases and pests, improve crop yield and quality. However, the abuse and improper use of pesticides can lead to negative impacts such as environmental pollution and pest resistance issues. There is an urgent need to develop green, safe, and efficient pesticides. In this work, natural product arecoline was selected as parent structure, a series of arecoline derivatives were designed, synthesized, and systematically investigated antiviral activities against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). These compounds were found to have good to excellent anti-TMV activities for the first time. The antiviral activities of 4a, 4 h, 4 l, 4p, 6a, 6c, and 6f are higher than that of ningnanmycin. Compounds 4 h (EC50 value 146 µg/mL) and 4p (EC50 value 161 µg/mL) with simple structures and excellent activities emerged as new antiviral candidates. We chose 4 h to further investigate the antiviral mechanism, which revealed that it can cause virus fragmentation by acting on the viral coat protein (CP). We further validated this result through molecular docking. These compounds also displayed broad-spectrum fungicidal activities against 8 plant pathogenic fungi. This work lays the theoretical foundation for the application of arecoline derivatives in the agricultural field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiqing Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Sijia Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xingxing He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Aidang Lu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Qingmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ziwen Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China.
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2
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He J, Wang Y, Zhao L, Chen X, Tang F, Gu S, Tian J. Enhancing the sensitivity of immunomagnetic assay for 3-phenoxybenzonic acid: a novel approach utilizing magnetosome-nanobody complexes and gold nanoparticles probes. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:635. [PMID: 39347992 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06725-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/21/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
The 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) residues in environment are posing a significant challenge to our daily lives. To establish a more sensitive and rapid detection method, anti-3-PBA nanobodies (Nbs) were immobilized onto magnetosomes (bacterial magnetic nanoparticles, termed as BMPs), forming a robust BMP-Nb complex. The 3-PBA derivative was labeled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and further associated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to create a highly sensitive probe (3-PBA-HRP-AuNP). An innovative immunoassay that combined BMP-Nb complex with 3-PBA-HRP-AuNP was developed for determinaton of 3-PBA. This method enabled the determination of 3-PBA with a half-maximum signal inhibition concentration (IC50) of 1.03 ng/mL, which was more sensitive than that of using 3-PBA-HRP as tracer with an IC50 of 2.18 ng/mL. The reliability of the assay was evidenced by the quantitative recovery of 3-PBA from water and soil samples ranging from 76.85 to 95.64%. The 3-PBA residues determined by this assay in actual water samples were between < LOD and 2.54 ng/mL and were between < LOD and 11.25 ng/g (dw) in real soils, respectively, which agreed well with those of liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Collectively, the BMP-Nb and 3-PBA-HRP-AuNP-based immunoassay provides a powerful tool for the precise detection of 3-PBA residues in environment matrices, reinforcing our capacity to monitor and mitigate potential ecological and health impacts associated with this prevalent pollutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Echo Biotech Co Ltd, Beijing, 102699, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Fang Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Shaopeng Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China.
| | - Jiesheng Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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3
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Ostap-Chec M, Bajorek D, Antoł W, Stec D, Miler K. Occasional and constant exposure to dietary ethanol shortens the lifespan of worker honey bees. J Comp Physiol B 2024; 194:403-410. [PMID: 38880794 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-024-01571-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Honey bees (Apis mellifera) are one of the most crucial pollinators, providing vital ecosystem services. Their development and functioning depend on essential nutrients and substances found in the environment. While collecting nectar as a vital carbohydrate source, bees routinely encounter low doses of ethanol from yeast fermentation. Yet, the effects of repeated ethanol exposure on bees' survival and physiology remain poorly understood. Here, we investigate the impacts of constant and occasional consumption of food spiked with 1% ethanol on honey bee mortality and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity. This ethanol concentration might be tentatively judged close to that in natural conditions. We conducted an experiment in which bees were exposed to three types of long-term diets: constant sugar solution (control group that simulated conditions of no access to ethanol), sugar solution spiked with ethanol every third day (that simulated occasional, infrequent exposure to ethanol) and daily ethanol consumption (simulating constant, routine exposure to ethanol). The results revealed that both constant and occasional ethanol consumption increased the mortality of bees, but only after several days. These mortality rates rose with the frequency of ethanol intake. The ADH activity remained similar in bees from all groups. Our findings indicate that exposure of bees to ethanol carries harmful effects that accumulate over time. Further research is needed to pinpoint the exact ethanol doses ingested with food and exposure frequency in bees in natural conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Ostap-Chec
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Prof. St. Łojasiewicza 11 St., 30-348, Kraków, Poland.
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7 St., 30-387 , Kraków, Poland.
| | - Daniel Bajorek
- Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Sławkowska 17 St., 31-016, Kraków, Poland
| | - Weronika Antoł
- Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Sławkowska 17 St., 31-016, Kraków, Poland
| | - Daniel Stec
- Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Sławkowska 17 St., 31-016, Kraków, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Miler
- Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Sławkowska 17 St., 31-016, Kraków, Poland.
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4
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Phan NT, Joshi NK, Rajotte EG, Zhu F, Peter KA, López-Uribe MM, Biddinger DJ. Systemic pesticides in a solitary bee pollen food store affect larval development and increase pupal mortality. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 915:170048. [PMID: 38218472 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Solitary bees are often exposed to various pesticides applied for pest control on farmland while providing pollination services to food crops. Increasing evidence suggests that sublethal toxicity of agricultural pesticides affects solitary bees differently than the social bees used to determine regulatory thresholds, such as honey bees and bumblebees. Studies on solitary bees are challenging because of the difficulties in obtaining large numbers of eggs or young larvae for bioassays. Here we show the toxic and sublethal developmental effects of four widely used plant systemic pesticides on the Japanese orchard bee (Osmia cornifrons). Pollen food stores of this solitary bee were treated with different concentrations of three insecticides (acetamiprid, flonicamid, and sulfoxaflor) and a fungicide (dodine). Eggs were transplanted to the treated pollen and larvae were allowed to feed on the pollen stores after egg hatch. The effects of chronic ingestion of contaminated pollen were measured until adult eclosion. This year-long study revealed that chronic exposure to all tested pesticides delayed larval development and lowered larval and adult body weights. Additionally, exposure to the systemic fungicide resulted in abnormal larval defecation and increased mortality at the pupal stage, indicating potential risk to bees from fungicide exposure. These findings demonstrate potential threats to solitary bees from systemic insecticides and fungicides and will help in making policy decisions to mitigate these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc T Phan
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA; Research Center for Tropical Bees and Beekeeping, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Neelendra K Joshi
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA.
| | - Edwin G Rajotte
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Fang Zhu
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Kari A Peter
- Penn State Fruit Research and Extension Center, Biglerville, PA, USA
| | | | - David J Biddinger
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Penn State Fruit Research and Extension Center, Biglerville, PA, USA
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5
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Schwarz JM, Knauer AC, Alaux C, Barascou L, Barraud A, Dievart V, Ghazoul J, Michez D, Albrecht M. Diverse pollen nutrition can improve the development of solitary bees but does not mitigate negative pesticide impacts. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169494. [PMID: 38142004 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Floral resource loss and pesticide exposure are major threats to bees in intensively managed agroecosystems, but interactions among these drivers remain poorly understood. Altered composition and lowered diversity of pollen nutrition may reinforce negative pesticide impacts on bees. Here we investigated the development and survival of the solitary bee Osmia bicornis provisioned with three different pollen types, as well as a mixture of these types representing a higher pollen diversity. We exposed bees of each nutritional treatment to five pesticides at different concentrations in the laboratory. Two field-realistic concentrations of three nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) modulating insecticides (thiacloprid, sulfoxaflor and flupyradifurone), as well as of two fungicides (azoxystrobin and tebuconazole) were examined. We further measured the expression of two detoxification genes (CYP9BU1, CYP9BU2) under exposure to thiacloprid across different nutrition treatments as a potential mechanistic pathway driving pesticide-nutrition interactions. We found that more diverse pollen nutrition reduced development time, enhanced pollen efficacy (cocoon weight divided by consumed pollen weight) and pollen consumption, and increased weight of O. bicornis after larval development (cocoon weight). Contrary to fungicides, high field-realistic concentrations of all three insecticides negatively affected O. bicornis by extending development times. Moreover, sulfoxaflor and flupyradifurone also reduced pollen efficacy and cocoon weight, and sulfoxaflor reduced pollen consumption and increased mortality. The expression of detoxification genes differed across pollen nutrition types, but was not enhanced after exposure to thiacloprid. Our findings highlight that lowered diversity of pollen nutrition and high field-realistic exposure to nAChR modulating insecticides negatively affected the development of O. bicornis, but we found no mitigation of negative pesticide impacts through increased pollen diversity. These results have important implications for risk assessment for bee pollinators, indicating that negative effects of nAChR modulating insecticides to developing solitary bees are currently underestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine M Schwarz
- Agroscope, Agroecology and Environment, Zurich, Switzerland; ETH Zurich, Institute for Terrestrial Ecosystems, Ecosystem Management, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Anina C Knauer
- Agroscope, Agroecology and Environment, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cedric Alaux
- INRAE, Abeilles et Environnement, Avignon, France
| | | | - Alexandre Barraud
- Research Institute for Biosciences, Laboratory of Zoology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | | | - Jaboury Ghazoul
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Terrestrial Ecosystems, Ecosystem Management, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Denis Michez
- Research Institute for Biosciences, Laboratory of Zoology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
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6
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Rittschof CC, Denny AS. The Impacts of Early-Life Experience on Bee Phenotypes and Fitness. Integr Comp Biol 2023; 63:808-824. [PMID: 36881719 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icad009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Across diverse animal species, early-life experiences have lifelong impacts on a variety of traits. The scope of these impacts, their implications, and the mechanisms that drive these effects are central research foci for a variety of disciplines in biology, from ecology and evolution to molecular biology and neuroscience. Here, we review the role of early life in shaping adult phenotypes and fitness in bees, emphasizing the possibility that bees are ideal species to investigate variation in early-life experience and its consequences at both individual and population levels. Bee early life includes the larval and pupal stages, critical time periods during which factors like food availability, maternal care, and temperature set the phenotypic trajectory for an individual's lifetime. We discuss how some common traits impacted by these experiences, including development rate and adult body size, influence fitness at the individual level, with possible ramifications at the population level. Finally, we review ways in which human alterations to the landscape may impact bee populations through early-life effects. This review highlights aspects of bees' natural history and behavioral ecology that warrant further investigation with the goal of understanding how environmental disturbances threaten these vulnerable species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare C Rittschof
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, S-225 Agricultural Science Center North, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Amanda S Denny
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, S-225 Agricultural Science Center North, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
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7
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Svoboda J, Pech P, Heneberg P. Low concentrations of acetamiprid, deltamethrin, and sulfoxaflor, three commonly used insecticides, adversely affect ant queen survival and egg laying. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14893. [PMID: 37689830 PMCID: PMC10492783 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42129-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ants are key ecosystem service providers and can serve as important biological control agents in pest management. However, the effects of insecticides on common farmland ant species are poorly understood. We tested the effects of three commonly used insecticides on ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). The tested insecticides were acetamiprid (neonicotinoid; formulated as Mospilan 20 SP), deltamethrin (pyrethroid; formulated as Sanium Ultra), and sulfoxaflor (sulfilimine; formulated as Gondola). We tested two ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) species with different colony founding strategies, Lasius niger (Linnaeus, 1758) and Myrmica rubra (Linnaeus, 1758). We sprayed their queens with insecticides at concentrations recommended for use in foliar applications in agriculture, i.e., at 1.25 g L-1 (acetamiprid), 0.6 g L-1 (sulfoxaflor), and 0.875 g L-1 (deltamethrin). Further, we diluted the compounds in distilled water and tested them at 10%, 1%, and 0.1% of the field-recommended concentrations, and used distilled water as a control. We monitored the survival of the queens and the number of eggs laid. All three tested insecticides caused severe lethal and sublethal concentration-dependent effects. Even at concentrations three orders of magnitudes lower than recommended for field applications, significantly lower numbers of eggs were found in the queens' nests. The extent of the sublethal effects of acetamiprid and sulfoxaflor was concentration-dependent and differed between the two ant species. Besides bees and bumblebees, ants represent an important group of hymenopterans that are severely affected even by low concentrations of the tested compounds and therefore should be included in risk assessment schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Svoboda
- Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Pech
- Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy Ltd., 508 01, Holovousy 129, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Heneberg
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruská 87, 100 00, Prague, Czech Republic.
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8
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Misiewicz A, Mikołajczyk Ł, Bednarska AJ. Floral resources,energetic value and pesticide residues in provisions collected by Osmia bicornis along a gradient of oilseed rape coverage. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13372. [PMID: 37591888 PMCID: PMC10435552 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39950-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pollinators in agricultural landscapes are facing global decline and the main pressures include food scarcity and pesticide usage. Intensive agricultural landscapes may provide important food resources for wild pollinators via mass flowering crops. However, these are monofloral, short-term, and may contain pesticide residues. We explored how the landscape composition with a different proportion of oilseed rape (6-65%) around Osmia bicornis nests affects floral diversity, contamination with pesticides, and energetic value of provisions collected by this species of wild bees as food for their offspring. Altogether, the bees collected pollen from 28 plant taxa (6-15 per nest) and provisions were dominated by Brassica napus (6.0-54.2%, median 44.4%, 12 nests), Quercus sp. (1.2-19.4%, median 5.2%, 12 nests), Ranunculus sp. (0.4-42.7%, median 4.7%, 12 nests), Poaceae (1.2-59.9%, median 5.8%, 11 nests) and Acer sp. (0.6-42%, median 18.0%, 8 nests). Residues of 12 pesticides were found in provisions, with acetamiprid, azoxystrobin, boscalid, and dimethoate being the most frequently detected at concentrations up to 1.2, 198.4, 16.9 and 17.8 ng/g (median 0.3, 10.6, 11.3, 4.4 ng/g), respectively. Floral diversity and energetic value of provisions, but not the Pesticide Risk Index depended on landscape structure. Moreover, pollen diversity decreased, and energetic value increased with landscape diversity. Thus, even a structurally simple landscape may provide diverse food for O. bicornis if the nest is located close to a single but resource-diverse patch. Both B. napus and non-crop pollen were correlated with pesticide concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Misiewicz
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, A. Mickiewicza 33, 31-120, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Łukasz Mikołajczyk
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, A. Mickiewicza 33, 31-120, Kraków, Poland
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka J Bednarska
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, A. Mickiewicza 33, 31-120, Kraków, Poland
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9
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Han W, Ye Z, Gu Y, Zhong Y, Gao J, Zhao S, Wang S. Gut microbiota composition and gene expression changes induced in the Apis cerana exposed to acetamiprid and difenoconazole at environmentally realistic concentrations alone or combined. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1174236. [PMID: 37256066 PMCID: PMC10226273 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1174236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Apis cerana is an important pollinator of agricultural crops in China. In the agricultural environment, A. cerana may be exposed to acetamiprid (neonicotinoid insecticide) and difenoconazole (triazole fungicide), alone or in combination because they are commonly applied to various crops. At present, our understanding of the toxicological effects of acetamiprid and difenoconazole on honey bee gut microbiomes is limited. The primary objective of this study was to explore whether these two pesticides affect honey bees' gut microbiota and to analyze the transcriptional effects of these two pesticides on honey bees' head and gut. In this study, adults of A. cerana were exposed to acetamiprid and/or difenoconazole by contaminated syrup at field-realistic concentrations for 10 days. Results indicated that acetamiprid and/or difenoconazole chronic exposure did not affect honey bees' survival and food consumption, whereas difenoconazole decreased the weight of honey bees. 16S rRNA sequencing suggested that difenoconazole and the mixture of difenoconazole and acetamiprid decreased the diversity index and shaped the composition of gut bacteria microbiota, whereas acetamiprid did not impact the gut bacterial community. The ITS sequence data showed that neither of the two pesticides affected the fungal community structure. Meanwhile, we also observed that acetamiprid or difenoconazole significantly altered the expression of genes related to detoxification and immunity in honey bees' tissues. Furthermore, we observed that the adverse effect of the acetamiprid and difenoconazole mixture on honey bees' health was greater than that of a single mixture. Taken together, our study demonstrates that acetamiprid and/or difenoconazole exposure at field-realistic concentrations induced changes to the honey bee gut microbiome and gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensu Han
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Bee Industry Technology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Zheyuan Ye
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Yifan Gu
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya, China
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yihai Zhong
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Bee Industry Technology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Jinglin Gao
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Bee Industry Technology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Shan Zhao
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Bee Industry Technology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Shijie Wang
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Bee Industry Technology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
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10
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Schuhmann A, Scheiner R. A combination of the frequent fungicides boscalid and dimoxystrobin with the neonicotinoid acetamiprid in field-realistic concentrations does not affect sucrose responsiveness and learning behavior of honeybees. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 256:114850. [PMID: 37018858 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The increasing loss of pollinators over the last decades has become more and more evident. Intensive use of plant protection products is one key factor contributing to this decline. Especially the mixture of different plant protection products can pose an increased risk for pollinators as synergistic effects may occur. In this study we investigated the effect of the fungicide Cantus® Gold (boscalid/dimoxystrobin), the neonicotinoid insecticide Mospilan® (acetamiprid) and their mixture on honeybees. Since both plant protection products are frequently applied sequentially to the same plants (e.g. oilseed rape), their combination is a realistic scenario for honeybees. We investigated the mortality, the sucrose responsiveness and the differential olfactory learning performance of honeybees under controlled conditions in the laboratory to reduce environmental noise. Intact sucrose responsiveness and learning performance are of pivotal importance for the survival of individual honeybees as well as for the functioning of the entire colony. Treatment with two sublethal and field relevant concentrations of each plant protection product did not lead to any significant effects on these behaviors but affected the mortality rate. However, our study cannot exclude possible negative sublethal effects of these substances in higher concentrations. In addition, the honeybee seems to be quite robust when it comes to effects of plant protection products, while wild bees might be more sensitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Schuhmann
- University of Würzburg, Behavioral Physiology and Sociobiology (Zoology II), Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Ricarda Scheiner
- University of Würzburg, Behavioral Physiology and Sociobiology (Zoology II), Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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11
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Möllmann JS, Colgan TJ. Genomic architecture and sexually dimorphic expression underlying immunity in the red mason bee, Osmia bicornis. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 31:686-700. [PMID: 35716016 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Insect pollinators provide crucial ecosystem services yet face increasing environmental pressures. The challenges posed by novel and reemerging pathogens on bee health means we need to improve our understanding of the immune system, an important barrier to infections and disease. Despite the importance of solitary bees, which are ecologically relevant, our understanding of the genomic basis and molecular mechanisms underlying their immune potential, and how intrinsic and extrinsic factors may influence it is limited. To improve our understanding of the genomic architecture underlying immunity of a key solitary bee pollinator, we characterized putative immune genes of the red mason bee, Osmia bicornis. In addition, we used publicly available RNA-seq datasets to determine how sexes differ in immune gene expression and splicing but also how pesticide exposure may affect immune gene expression in females. Through comparative genomics, we reveal an evolutionarily conserved set of more than 500 putative immune-related genes. We found genome-wide patterns of sex-biased gene expression, with greater enrichment of immune-related processes among genes with higher constitutive expression in males than females. Our results also suggest an up-regulation of immune-related genes in response to exposure to two common neonicotinoids, thiacloprid and imidacloprid. Collectively, our study provides important insights into the gene repertoire, regulation and expression differences in the sexes of O. bicornis, as well as providing additional support for how neonicotinoids can affect immune gene expression, which may affect the capacity of solitary bees to respond to pathogenic threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannik S Möllmann
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas J Colgan
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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12
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Ding X, Xu Y, Yan L, Chen L, Lu Z, Ge C, Zhao X, Wang Z, Lu A, Wang Q. Marine Sesquiterpenes for Plant Protection: Discovery of Laurene Sesquiterpenes and Their Derivatives as Novel Antiviral and Antiphytopathogenic Fungal Agents. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:6006-6014. [PMID: 35536647 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The unreasonable use or long-term use of a single variety of pesticide has led to drug resistance and made the pesticides ineffective. Therefore, the creation of new, efficient, and low-risk pesticides is imminent. Marine natural products play a vital role in serving as new lead compounds. In this work, we realized the efficient preparation of nine marine sesquiterpenes with the Stork-Danheiser reaction as the key step and designed and synthesized a series of their derivatives. The antiviral activity and antifungal activity research showed that these compounds exhibited good to excellent biological activities. Compounds 7b and 8e displayed significantly higher antiviral activities against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) than ribavirin and could be used as new antiviral candidates. The antiviral mode of action research indicated that compound 8e inhibited the formation of the 20S protein disk by acting on the TMV coat protein and therefore inhibited the assembly of TMV particles. This work provides a new idea for the development of new pesticides based on marine sesquiterpenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ding
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Yubin Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Lili Yan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Zujia Lu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Caiyan Ge
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xinyi Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Ziwen Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Aidang Lu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Qingmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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13
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Filipiak ZM, Denisow B, Stawiarz E, Filipiak M. Unravelling the dependence of a wild bee on floral diversity and composition using a feeding experiment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 820:153326. [PMID: 35074369 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We investigated nutrition as a potential mechanism underlying the link between floral diversity/composition and wild bee performance. The health, resilience, and fitness of bees may be limited by a lack of nutritionally balanced larval food (pollen), influencing the entire population, even if adults are not limited nutritionally by the availability and quality of their food (mainly nectar). We hypothesized that the nutritional quality of bee larval food is indirectly connected to the species diversity of pollen provisions and is directly driven by the pollen species composition. Therefore, the accessibility of specific, nutritionally desirable key plant species for larvae might promote bee populations. Using a fully controlled feeding experiment, we simulated different pollen resources that could be available to bees in various environments, reflecting potential changes in floral species diversity and composition that could be caused by landscape changes. Suboptimal concentrations of certain nutrients in pollen produced by specific plant species resulted in reduced bee fitness. The negative effects were alleviated when scarce nutrients were added to these pollen diets. The scarcity of specific nutrients was associated with certain plant species but not with plant diversity. Thus, one of the mechanisms underlying the decreased fitness of wild bees in homogenous landscapes may be nutritional imbalance, i.e., the scarcity of specific nutrients associated with the presence of certain plant species and not with species diversity in pollen provisions eaten by larvae. Accordingly, we provide a conceptual representation of how the floral species composition and diversity can impact bee populations by affecting fitness-related life history traits. Additionally, we suggest that mixes of 'bee-friendly' plants used to improve the nutritional base for wild bees should be composed considering the local flora to supplement bees with vital nutrients that are scarce in the considered environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna M Filipiak
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Bożena Denisow
- Laboratory of Plant Biology, Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Ernest Stawiarz
- Laboratory of Plant Biology, Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Michał Filipiak
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
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14
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Ren Z, Lv M, Zhang Y, Li T, Xu H. High Value-Added Application of Natural Plant Products in Crop Protection: Honokiol Monoester/Diester Derivatives Containing the Novel Core Scaffold of Benzodihydrofuran and Their Agricultural Bioactivities and Control Effects. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:5319-5329. [PMID: 35441514 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c08292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To discover new potential botanical insecticides from plant secondary metabolites, a series of new honokiol-type monoester/diester derivatives containing the core scaffold of benzodihydrofuran were synthesized by structural modification of honokiol. Against Mythimna separata Walker, 2-hydroxymethy-5-(2'-(para-chlorobenzoyloxy)-5'-(1″,2″-epoxypropanyl))phenyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran (5) and 2-(2″-chloropyridin-5″-ylcarbonyloxy)methylene-5-(2'-(2″-chloropyridin-5″-ylcarbonyloxy)-5'-(1″,2″-epoxypropanyl))phenyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran (37) displayed >2.1-fold promising insecticidal activity of the precursor honokiol. Against Aphis citricola Van der Goot, 2-hydroxymethy-5-(2'-(tridecylcarbonyloxy)-5'-(1″,2″-epoxypropanyl))phenyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran (21) (LD50: 0.049 μg/nymph) and 2-(para-fluorobenzylcarbonyloxy)methylene-5-(2'-(para-fluorobenzylcarbonyloxy)-5'-(1″,2″-epoxypropanyl))phenyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran (31) (LD50: 0.040 μg/nymph) showed 3.5- and 4.3-folds potent aphicidal activity of honokiol (LD50: 0.171 μg/nymph), respectively. Interestingly, 2-(tridecylcarbonyloxy)methylene-5-(2'-(tridecylcarbonyloxy)-5'-(1″,2″-epoxypropanyl))phenyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran (46) (LC50: 0.186 mg/mL) and 2-(dodecylcarbonyloxy)methylene-5-(2'-(dodecylcarbonyloxy)-5'-(1″,2″-epoxypropanyl))phenyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran (53) (LC50: 0.159 mg/mL: >6.4-fold of honokiol (LC50: 1.024 mg/mL)) exhibited promising acaricidal activity and control efficiency against Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisduval. Structure-activity relationships indicated that a specific length of the aliphatic chain is necessary for the agricultural activities of honokiol monoester/diester derivatives, especially for the acaricidal activity of diester derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zili Ren
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China
| | - Min Lv
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China
| | - Yuling Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China
| | - Tianze Li
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China
| | - Hui Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang315211, China
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15
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Bednarska AJ, Mikołajczyk Ł, Ziółkowska E, Kocjan K, Wnęk A, Mokkapati JS, Teper D, Kaczyński P, Łozowicka B, Śliwińska R, Laskowski R. Effects of agricultural landscape structure, insecticide residues, and pollen diversity on the life-history traits of the red mason bee Osmia bicornis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 809:151142. [PMID: 34688758 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural landscapes have changed substantially in recent decades, shifting from the dominance of small fields (S) with diverse cropping systems toward large-scale monoculture (L), where landscape heterogeneity disappears. In this study, artificial nests of the red mason bee, Osmia bicornis, were placed in S and L landscape types on the perimeter of oilseed rape fields representing different oilseed rape coverages (ORC, % land cover). The local landscape structure around each nest was characterised within a 100, 200, 500, and 1000 m radius using ORC and 14 landscape characteristics, which were then reduced by non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) to two axes: nMDS1 characterised the dataset primarily according to land fragmentation and the main crop, whereas nMDS2 captured the prevalence of more natural areas in the landscape. Pollen diversity and insecticide risk levels in the pollen provisions collected by the bees were analysed, and their dependence on the landscape structure was tested. Thereafter, the effects of pollen diversity, insecticide risk, and landscape structure on the life-history traits of bees and their sensitivity to topically applied Dursban 480 EC were determined. Pollen taxa richness in a single nest ranged from 3 to 12, and 34 pesticides were detected in the pollen at concentrations of up to 320 ng/g for desmedipham. The O. bicornis foraging range was relatively large, indicating that the landscape structure within a radius of ~1000 m around the nest is important for this species. Pollen diversity in the studied areas was of minor importance for bee performance, but the ORC or landscape structure significantly affected the life-history traits of the bees. Contamination of pollen with insecticides affected the bees by decreasing the mass of newly emerged adults but their sensitivity to Dursban 480 EC was not related to environmental variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka J Bednarska
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, A. Mickiewicza 33, 31-120 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Łukasz Mikołajczyk
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Ziółkowska
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Karolina Kocjan
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wnęk
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jaya Sravanthi Mokkapati
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Dariusz Teper
- Research Institute of Horticulture, Apiculture Division, Kazimierska 2, 24-100 Puławy, Poland
| | - Piotr Kaczyński
- Institute of Plant Protection, National Research Institute, Laboratory of Food and Feed Safety, Chełmońskiego 22, 15-195 Białystok, Poland
| | - Bożena Łozowicka
- Institute of Plant Protection, National Research Institute, Laboratory of Food and Feed Safety, Chełmońskiego 22, 15-195 Białystok, Poland
| | - Renata Śliwińska
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Ryszard Laskowski
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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16
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Mokkapati JS, Bednarska AJ, Laskowski R. Physiological and biochemical response of the solitary bee Osmia bicornis exposed to three insecticide-based agrochemicals. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 230:113095. [PMID: 34953273 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The physiological and biochemical stress induced by pesticides need to be addressed in economically and ecologically important non-Apis solitary bees, particularly at lower than field-applied concentrations. Thus, the aim of the present study was to analyse the physiological and biochemical changes in female adult Osmia bicornis bees upon continuous oral exposure to three insecticide-based agrochemicals - i.e. Dursban 480 EC (active ingredient - a.i. chlorpyrifos), Sherpa 100 EC (a.i. cypermethrin), and Mospilan 20 SP (a.i. acetamiprid), in a toxicokinetic manner (feeding with either insecticide-contaminated food or uncontaminated food (controls) for 8 d in the contamination phase followed by 8 d of decontamination (i.e. feeding with uncontaminated food)). All three tested agrochemicals altered the energetic budget of bees by the deprivation of energy derived from lipids and carbohydrates (but not proteins) and/or a decrease in respiration based metabolic rate (energy consumption) compared to the controls. The activities of acetylcholinesterase and glutathione-S-transferase enzymes were not altered by insecticides at tested concentrations. These results show that chronic exposure to at least some pesticides even at relatively low concentrations may cause severe physiological disruptions that could potentially be damaging for the solitary bees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Sravanthi Mokkapati
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka J Bednarska
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Mickiewicza 33, 31-120 Kraków, Poland
| | - Ryszard Laskowski
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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17
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McCabe LM, Boyle NK, Scalici MB, Pitts-Singer TL. Adult body size measurement redundancies in Osmia lignaria and Megachile rotundata (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae). PeerJ 2021; 9:e12344. [PMID: 34760367 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Metrics to assess relative adult bee body size have included both mass and morphometrics, but these metrics may not equally or reliably estimate body size for all bee species and in all situations, due to bee age, diet, and/or environment. Understanding the relationships between different metrics and possible redundancies in the information they afford is important but not always known. Body size measurements provide valuable data for interpreting research outcomes for managed solitary bees, including Osmia lignaria Say and Megachile rotundata F. (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae). Applied studies of these important and readily available U.S. crop pollinators focus on refining commercial management practices, and basic empirical studies in various scientific disciplines (from genomics to ecology) employ them as model systems to study solitary bees. To examine common metrics of body size, we measured head capsule width (HCW), intertegular distance (ITD), and fresh and dry weights of newly emerged adults of both species. Using linear and exponential models, we determined relationships between these body size metrics. For M. rotundata, linear models best described relationships between ITD and all other metrics, and between HCW and fresh and dry weights. For O. lignaria, linear models best fit relationships between all metrics except for fresh weight with both ITD and HCW, which were fitted better with exponential models. For both species, model fits were strongest when males and females were pooled. Depending on the study question, knowing that only one metric may reliably measure body size can simplify evaluations of O. lignaria and M. rotundata responses to artificial or environmental variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsie M McCabe
- USDA-ARS Pollinating Insect Research Unit, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Natalie K Boyle
- USDA-ARS Pollinating Insect Research Unit, Logan, UT, United States.,Department of Entomology, Center for Pollinator Research, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Morgan B Scalici
- Biology Department, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
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