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Dos Santos Silva J, Cidade MJA, Panero FDS, Ribeiro LB, Campos da Rocha FO. Microplastic pollution in the Amazon Basin: Current scenario, advances and perspectives. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174150. [PMID: 38909819 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
The presence of microplastics (MPs) has been reported in ecosystems in the most different regions of the world and rivers have been identified as one of the main means of transporting this debris to oceans. Recent research shows microplastic deposition and accumulation in the Amazon Basin and, despite being scarce, microplastic pollution is ubiquitous in the region. Of the 9 countries that make up the Amazon Basin, only Brazil, Guyana, Ecuador and Peru have published on the topic, with the main focus on biota (58 %). Several Amazon regions such as Northern Amazon in the Far North of Brazil still have no evidence of microplastic pollution with published data. MP abundance ranges from 5 to 74,500 MPs m-3 for waters, 0 to 8178 MPs kg-1 for sediment and 0.34 to 38.3 MPs individual-1 for biota, with nanoplastic scale (<100 μm) in the sediment. Blue and colorless are the predominant colors, mainly from secondary sources (fibers and fragments). The most commonly found polymers are polyamide, polyethyleneterephthalate and polypropylene. Microplastic abundance in aquatic systems is higher than that found in other rivers, such as the Guayas in Ecuador, the Magdalena, in Colombia and the Surabaya in Indonesia and are similar to regions with intense anthropogenic activity such as the Guanabara Bay - Brazil and the Yellow River in China. The precarious basic sanitation structure, urban planning, waste management, combined with the extensive network of navigable waters, are aggravating factors for the increase in plastic pollution in the region. It is necessary to increase research investment on the topic, considering MP quantification, impacts and the relationship with the hydrosedimentological dynamics of the Amazon Basin. The creation and enforcement of laws that minimize the accumulation of these materials is emerging, besides the development of the bioeconomy and sustainable proposals to minimize plastic pollution in the Amazon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackiely Dos Santos Silva
- Universidade Federal de Roraima, UFRR, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Naturais (PRONAT), 69301-160 Boa Vista, RR, Brazil
| | - Mirla Janaina Augusta Cidade
- Universidade Federal de Roraima, UFRR, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Naturais (PRONAT), 69301-160 Boa Vista, RR, Brazil
| | - Francisco Dos Santos Panero
- Universidade Federal de Roraima, UFRR, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Naturais (PRONAT), 69301-160 Boa Vista, RR, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Roraima, UFRR, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia, Departamento de Química, 69301-160 Boa Vista, RR, Brazil
| | - Leila Braga Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal de Roraima, UFRR, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Naturais (PRONAT), 69301-160 Boa Vista, RR, Brazil
| | - Franciele Oliveira Campos da Rocha
- Universidade Federal de Roraima, UFRR, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Naturais (PRONAT), 69301-160 Boa Vista, RR, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Roraima, UFRR, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia, Departamento de Química, 69301-160 Boa Vista, RR, Brazil.
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de Moraes NG, Olivatto GP, Lourenço FMDO, Lourenço ALA, Garcia GM, Pimpinato RF, Tornisielo VL. Contamination by microplastics and sorbed organic pollutants in the surface waters of the Tietê River, São Paulo-SP, Brazil. Heliyon 2024; 10:e36047. [PMID: 39224265 PMCID: PMC11367139 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are particles between 1 μm and 5 mm in size, originating mainly from poor solid waste and effluent management, that can reach water bodies from various sources. In freshwater environments, the occurrence, distribution, and characterization of this new class of pollutants are still little explored, especially in Brazil. The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of MPs, as well as the presence and concentration of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) sorbed to these particles in the surface waters of the Tietê River - SP. Surface water samples were collected in duplicate during the dry and wet seasons. The identification and characterization of the MPs was carried out through visual inspection and the chemical identity of the particles was verified using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR). For the analysis of PCBs adsorbed to the MPs, the sample extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The MPs were found in concentrations ranging from 6.67 to 1530 particles m-3, with a predominance of the polymers polyethylene (PE, with 58.17 %) and polypropylene (PP, with 23.53 %). The main morphological categories identified were fragments (56.63 %), fibers (28.42 %), and transparent films (13.06 %). Higher abundances of PCBs were observed in the lower size range, between 0.106 and 0.35 mm. The total concentrations of PCBs in MPs ranged from 20.53 to 133.12 ng g-1. The results obtained here are relevant for understanding the dynamics and level of contamination of MPs and organic pollutants sorbed to these particles in the Tietê River, as well as helping with mitigation measures for the restoration and preservation of this ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoli Gomes de Moraes
- University of São Paulo (USP), Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture and the Environment (CENA), Ecotoxicology Laboratory, CEP, 13400-970, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Glaucia Peregrina Olivatto
- University of São Paulo (USP), Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture and the Environment (CENA), Ecotoxicology Laboratory, CEP, 13400-970, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Felipe Machado de Oliveira Lourenço
- University of São Paulo (USP), Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture and the Environment (CENA), Ecotoxicology Laboratory, CEP, 13400-970, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Gustavo Munhoz Garcia
- University of São Paulo (USP), Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture and the Environment (CENA), Ecotoxicology Laboratory, CEP, 13400-970, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Floriano Pimpinato
- University of São Paulo (USP), Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture and the Environment (CENA), Ecotoxicology Laboratory, CEP, 13400-970, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Valdemar Luiz Tornisielo
- University of São Paulo (USP), Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture and the Environment (CENA), Ecotoxicology Laboratory, CEP, 13400-970, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Belli IM, Cavali M, Garbossa LHP, Franco D, Bayard R, de Castilhos Junior AB. A review of plastic debris in the South American Atlantic Ocean coast - Distribution, characteristics, policies and legal aspects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 938:173197. [PMID: 38772490 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
The presence of plastics in the oceans has already become a pervasive phenomenon. Marine pollution by plastics surpasses the status of an emerging threat to become a well-established environmental problem, boosting research on this topic. However, despite many studies on the main seas and oceans, it is necessary to compile information on the South American Atlantic Ocean Coast to identify the lack of research and expand knowledge on marine plastic pollution in this region. Accordingly, this paper conducted an in-depth review of monitoring methods, sampling, and identification of macroplastics and microplastics (MPs) in water, sediments, and biota, including information on legal requirements from different countries as well as non-governmental initiatives. Brazil was the country with the highest number of published papers, followed by Argentina. MPs accounted for 75 % of the papers selected, with blue microfibers being the most common morphology, whereas PE and PP were the most abundant polymers. Also, a lack of standardization in the methodologies used was identified; however, the sites with the highest concentrations of MPs were the Bahía Blanca Estuary (Argentina), Guanabara Bay (Brazil), and Todos os Santos Bay (Brazil), regardless of the method applied. Regarding legislation, Uruguay and Argentina have the most advanced policies in the region against marine plastic pollution due to their emphasis on the life cycle and the national ban on certain single-use plastics. Therefore, considering its content, this expert review can be useful to assist researchers dealing with plastic pollution along the South American Atlantic Ocean Coast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Marcon Belli
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - Matheus Cavali
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Davide Franco
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Rémy Bayard
- INSA Lyon, DEEP, UR7429, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Armando Borges de Castilhos Junior
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Essoufi C, Santini S, Sforzi L, Martellini T, Chelazzi D, Ayari R, Chelazzi L, Cincinelli A, Hamdi N. First evidence of microplastics and their characterization in yellow-legged gull (Larus michahellis michahellis, Naumann, 1840) pellets collected from the Sfax salina, southeastern Tunisia. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 205:116628. [PMID: 38917492 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to provide evidence on the presence of microplastics (MPs) in regurgitated Yellow-legged Gull pellets (n = 18) from Sfax salina (south-eastern Tunisia). This artificial area is subject to high anthropogenic pressure and hosts Yellow-legged Gulls, which are at the top of the trophic chain and can be used as sentinel species to monitor litter in the environment, including plastic pollution. The total number of MPs found in the samples was 309, 63.8 % fibres (4.95 ± 3.51 MPs/g) and 36.2 % fragments (2.87 ± 1.74 MPs/g). Micro-FTIR analysis evidenced that a large proportion of the fibres was attributed to artificial cellulose (40.7 %). Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and polyethylene (PE) were found in the fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chayma Essoufi
- University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Diversity, Management and Conservation of Biological Systems, LR18ES06 Tunis, Tunisia; Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence - Via della Lastruccia, 3-50019 Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy
| | - Saul Santini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence - Via della Lastruccia, 3-50019 Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy.
| | - Laura Sforzi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence - Via della Lastruccia, 3-50019 Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy
| | - Tania Martellini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence - Via della Lastruccia, 3-50019 Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy; CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-50019 Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy
| | - David Chelazzi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence - Via della Lastruccia, 3-50019 Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy; CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-50019 Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy
| | - Rihab Ayari
- University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Diversity, Management and Conservation of Biological Systems, LR18ES06 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Laura Chelazzi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence - Via della Lastruccia, 3-50019 Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cincinelli
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence - Via della Lastruccia, 3-50019 Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy; CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-50019 Sesto F.no, Florence, Italy.
| | - Nabil Hamdi
- University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Diversity, Management and Conservation of Biological Systems, LR18ES06 Tunis, Tunisia
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Mendes DS, Silva DNN, Santiago LEP, Gomes VJC, Beasley CR, Fernandes MEB. Comprehensive risk assessment of microplastics in tidal channel sediments in amazonian mangroves (northern Brazil). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 366:121826. [PMID: 39008928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Pollution by microplastics (MPs) in mangroves is a growing concern, given its potential ecological and human health impacts. The characteristics of microplastic pollution and a risk assessment of MPs in the Amazon region's coastal sediments are still insufficient, and information about MP pollution in the benthic component of the mangrove ecosystem is lacking. We analyzed MP concentrations in the surface sediment of 9 stations in three tidal channels along the Ajuruteua Peninsula connected to the Caeté River estuary, aiming to assess the hazard level on the environment based on the Pollution Load Index (PLI). Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy determined the MP's chemical composition. The results showed that the abundance of sediment MPs ranged from 100 to 1200 items kg-1, with an average of 433 ± 261.6 items kg-1. The MPs were mainly composed of transparent and blue fragments and fibers, ranging in size from 100 to 5000 μm. Six types of polymers were identified, including alkyd varnish (AV), resin dispersion (RD), chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), polyethylene-polypropylene (PE-PP), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), and hostaperm blue (HB). Hydrodynamic processes within estuaries and tidal channels play a crucial role in explaining the concentrations found, as circulation determines the pattern of sediment deposition and the particles adhered to it. PLI risk assessment showed that all sampling sites were at hazard level I: a low level of contamination in the mangrove sediments. However, a more comprehensive and systematic monitoring campaign is needed to expand our knowledge about pollution and contamination by MPs in Amazon mangrove areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayene Santiago Mendes
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Manguezal (LAMA), Instituto de Estudos Costeiros (IECOS), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Bragança 68600-000, PA, Brazil.
| | - Daniel Nobre Nunes Silva
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Ciência e Engenharia de Meios Porosos (GCEMP), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Salinópolis 68721-000, PA, Brazil.
| | | | - Vando José Costa Gomes
- Laboratório de Hidráulica Ambiental (HIDROLAB), Faculdade de Engenharia (FAE), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Salinópolis 68721-000, PA, Brazil.
| | - Colin Robert Beasley
- Laboratório de Conservação da Biodiversidade e das Águas, Instituto de Estudos Costeiros (IECOS), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Bragança 68600-000, PA, Brazil.
| | - Marcus Emanuel Barroncas Fernandes
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Manguezal (LAMA), Instituto de Estudos Costeiros (IECOS), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Bragança 68600-000, PA, Brazil.
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Guimarães GDA, Pereira SA, de Moraes BR, Ando RA, Martinelli Filho JE, Perotti GF, Sant'Anna BS, Hattori GY. The retention of plastic particles by macrophytes in the Amazon River, Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:42750-42765. [PMID: 38877194 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33961-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluated the presence of plastics and microplastics in macrophytes in an urbanized sector of the Amazon River. A total of 77 quadrats in 23 macrophyte banks were sampled during the dry (September 2020) and rainy (June 2021) season. Five species were identified: Paspalum repens, Pontederia rotundifolia, Pistia stratiotes, Salvinia auriculata and Limnobium laevigatum, with P. repens being dominant during the dry season (47.54%) and P. rotundifolia during the rainy season (78.96%). Most of the plastic particles accumulated in Paspalum repens (49.3%) and P. rotundifolia (32.4%), likely due to their morphological structure and volume. The dry season showed a higher accumulation of plastic particles than the rainy season. Microplastics were found in most samples, during both the dry (75.98%) and rainy seasons (74.03%). The upstream macrophyte banks retained more plastic particles compared to the downstream banks. A moderate positive correlation was observed between the presence of plastic particles and macrophyte biomass, and a weak positive correlation between the occurrence of microplastics and mesoplastics. White and blue fragments, ranging from 1 to 5 mm were the most common microplastics found in the macrophyte banks. Green fragments and green and blue fibers were identified as polypropylene, blue and red fragments as polyethylene, and white fragments as polystyrene. Therefore, the results of this study highlight the first evidence of the retention of plastic particles in macrophytes of the Amazon and highlight a significant risk due to the harmful effects that this type of plastic can cause to the fauna and flora of aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Dos Anjos Guimarães
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Rua Nossa Senhora do Rosário, 3863, Tiradentes, Itacoatiara, AM, 69103-128, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Oceanografia Biológica e Centro de Estudos Avançados da Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa S/N, Guamá, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Samantha Aquino Pereira
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Rua Nossa Senhora do Rosário, 3863, Tiradentes, Itacoatiara, AM, 69103-128, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Rocha de Moraes
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 748 - B4T, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508000, Brazil
| | - Rômulo Augusto Ando
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 748 - B4T, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, 05508000, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Martinelli Filho
- Laboratório de Oceanografia Biológica e Centro de Estudos Avançados da Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa S/N, Guamá, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Frigi Perotti
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Rua Nossa Senhora do Rosário, 3863, Tiradentes, Itacoatiara, AM, 69103-128, Brazil
| | - Bruno Sampaio Sant'Anna
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Rua Nossa Senhora do Rosário, 3863, Tiradentes, Itacoatiara, AM, 69103-128, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Yomar Hattori
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Rua Nossa Senhora do Rosário, 3863, Tiradentes, Itacoatiara, AM, 69103-128, Brazil
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Bucair N, Dias HN, Nunes AROP, Coelho KKF, de Brito RMS, de Luna Sales JB, Rincon G, Francini-Filho RB, Dias JF, Cintra IHA, Nunes JLS. Opportunistic sightings of manta rays on Brazil's Amazon Coast. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2024; 104:1611-1618. [PMID: 37870929 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the ecology and distribution of mobulid rays along Brazil's extensive coastline. Here we report opportunistic sightings of manta rays (Mobula cf. birostris) in the Brazilian Amazon estuaries and the Great Amazon Reef System. These sightings consist of manta ray individuals stranded in tide pools, caught in artisanal fisheries, and footage obtained with a submersible. Future investigations on the spatial, temporal, and environmental drivers of manta rays' distribution on the northern Brazilian coast and the threats posed by fishing gear are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayara Bucair
- Departamento de Oceanografia Biológica, Laboratório de Ecologia da Reprodução e do Recrutamento de Organismos Marinhos (ECORREP), Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Héllida Negrão Dias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Conservação, Cidade Universitária Dom Delgado, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
- Laboratório de Organismos Aquáticos, Cidade Universitária Dom Delgado, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Ana Rita Onodera Palmeira Nunes
- Laboratório de Organismos Aquáticos, Cidade Universitária Dom Delgado, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação da Rede Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da, Amazônia Legal, Cidade Universitária Dom Delgado, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Keyton Kylson Fonseca Coelho
- Laboratório de Organismos Aquáticos, Cidade Universitária Dom Delgado, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação da Rede Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da, Amazônia Legal, Cidade Universitária Dom Delgado, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Maria Serra de Brito
- Laboratório de Organismos Aquáticos, Cidade Universitária Dom Delgado, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação da Rede Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da, Amazônia Legal, Cidade Universitária Dom Delgado, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - João Bráullio de Luna Sales
- Grupo de Investigação Biológica Integrada, Centro de Estudos Avançados da Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Getulio Rincon
- Laboratório de Pesca, Centro de Ciências Humanas, Naturais da Saúde e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Pinheiro, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Bastos Francini-Filho
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade e Conservação, Centro de Biologia Marinha-CEBIMar, Universidade de São Paulo, São Sebastião, Brazil
| | - June Ferraz Dias
- Departamento de Oceanografia Biológica, Laboratório de Ecologia da Reprodução e do Recrutamento de Organismos Marinhos (ECORREP), Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Israel H A Cintra
- Instituto Socioambiental e dos Recursos Hídricos, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, Brazil
| | - Jorge Luiz Silva Nunes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Conservação, Cidade Universitária Dom Delgado, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
- Laboratório de Organismos Aquáticos, Cidade Universitária Dom Delgado, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação da Rede Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da, Amazônia Legal, Cidade Universitária Dom Delgado, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
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Xie J, Gowen A, Xu W, Xu J. Analysing micro- and nanoplastics with cutting-edge infrared spectroscopy techniques: a critical review. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:2177-2197. [PMID: 38533677 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01808c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The escalating prominence of micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) as emerging anthropogenic pollutants has sparked widespread scientific and public interest. These minuscule particles pervade the global environment, permeating drinking water and food sources, prompting concerns regarding their environmental impacts and potential risks to human health. In recent years, the field of MNP research has witnessed the development and application of cutting-edge infrared (IR) spectroscopic instruments. This review focuses on the recent application of advanced IR spectroscopic techniques and relevant instrumentation to analyse MNPs. A comprehensive literature search was conducted, encompassing articles published within the past three years. The findings revealed that Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy stands as the most used technique, with focal plane array FTIR (FPA-FTIR) representing the cutting edge in FTIR spectroscopy. The second most popular technique is quantum cascade laser infrared (QCL-IR) spectroscopy, which has facilitated rapid analysis of plastic particles. Following closely is optical photothermal infrared (O-PTIR) spectroscopy, which can furnish submicron spatial resolution. Subsequently, there is atomic force microscopy-based infrared (AFM-IR) spectroscopy, which has made it feasible to analyse MNPs at the nanoscale level. The most advanced IR instruments identified in articles covered in this review were compared. Comparison metrics encompass substrates/filters, data quality, spatial resolution, data acquisition speed, data processing and cost. The limitations of these IR instruments were identified, and recommendations to address these limitations were proposed. The findings of this review offer valuable guidance to MNP researchers in selecting suitable instrumentation for their research experiments, thereby facilitating advancements in research aimed at enhancing our understanding of the environmental and human health risks associated with MNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhao Xie
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Aoife Gowen
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Life Sciences, Center for Coastal Studies, College of Sciences, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, USA
| | - Junli Xu
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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Morais LMS, Queiroz AFDS, Brito BKFD, Fenzl N, Soares MDO, Giarrizzo T, Martinelli Filho JE. Microplastics in the Amazon biome: State of the art and future priorities. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28851. [PMID: 38596029 PMCID: PMC11002258 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have been identified as a major potential threat to the biota and human health. Despite the exponential increase in MP research worldwide, few studies have focused on the extensive Amazon biome. To assess research priorities, the present study reviewed and summarized the available scientific knowledge on MPs in the Amazon, in addition to analyzing population and waste-management data, to evaluate potential sources of MPs in the hydrographic system. Poor sanitation conditions are a main source of MPs for the vast hydrographic basin, and, consequently, for the adjacent ocean. Secondary MPs predominated, mostly fibers (96% of debris), composed of polyamide (32%). Mean MP concentrations ranged from 0.34 to 38.3 particles.individual-1 in biota, 5 to 476,000 particles.m-3 in water, and 492.5 to 1.30848 × 107 particles.m-3 in sediment, values in close comparison with those found in areas profoundly affected by anthropogenic pollution. MPs were widespread in a range of Amazonian environments and species, and negative effects are probably occurring at various ecological levels. However, limited research, methodological constraints, flaws and the lack of standardization, combined with the continental dimensions of the Amazon, hampers the collection of the fundamental knowledge needed to reliably evaluate the impacts and implement effective mitigation measures. There is an urgent need to expand scientific data available for the region, improving local research infrastructure, and training and deploying local researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Mario Siqueira Morais
- Centro de Estudos Avançados da Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Perimetral, km 01, Guamá, Belém, PA, 66075-750, Brazil
- Laboratório de Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Pará. Av. Augusto Corrêa s/n, Guamá, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Arnaldo Fabrício dos Santos Queiroz
- Centro de Estudos Avançados da Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Perimetral, km 01, Guamá, Belém, PA, 66075-750, Brazil
- Laboratório de Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Pará. Av. Augusto Corrêa s/n, Guamá, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Kellry Fagundes de Brito
- Centro de Estudos Avançados da Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Perimetral, km 01, Guamá, Belém, PA, 66075-750, Brazil
- Laboratório de Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Pará. Av. Augusto Corrêa s/n, Guamá, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Norbert Fenzl
- Núcleo de Meio Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Pará. Rua do chalé de Ferro s/n, Guamá, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Marcelo de Oliveira Soares
- Instituto de Ciências do Mar (LABOMAR), Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Av. da Abolição, 3207, Meireles, Fortaleza, CE, 60165-081, Brazil
| | - Tommaso Giarrizzo
- Grupo de Ecologia Aquática, Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia (NEAP), Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Perimetral 2651, Belém, Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências do Mar (LABOMAR), Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Av. da Abolição, 3207, Meireles, Fortaleza, CE, 60165-081, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Martinelli Filho
- Centro de Estudos Avançados da Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Perimetral, km 01, Guamá, Belém, PA, 66075-750, Brazil
- Laboratório de Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Pará. Av. Augusto Corrêa s/n, Guamá, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
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10
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Jankauskas L, Pinho GLL, Sanz-Lazaro C, Casado-Coy N, Rangel DF, Ribeiro VV, Castro ÍB. Microplastic in clams: An extensive spatial assessment in south Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 201:116203. [PMID: 38422825 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Microplastic pollution is becoming a continuously growing environmental concern, while bivalve mollusks are particularly vulnerable due to their sessile habits and feeding through water filtration processes. Microplastic incidence in soft tissues of the clam Amarilladesma mactroides was assessed along unconsolidated substrates distributed in extensive coastal regions of southern Brazil. Influence of urbanization levels, distance to rivers and local hydrodynamics on microplastic accumulation by the clam was tested. The average concentration of microplastics was high (3.09 ± 2.11 particles.g-1), considering 16 sampled sites. Particles were mainly composed by polyamide, polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate, while were mainly smaller, fibrous and colorless. High urbanization and closer proximity to rivers insured higher contamination, which is a trend observed globally. No influence of coastal hydrodynamics was seen. Considering obtained findings, A. mactroides presents good potential to be used as a valuable tool to assess microplastic contamination in unconsolidated substrates of beach areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Jankauskas
- Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Sanz-Lazaro
- Multidisciplinary Institute for Environmental Studies (MIES), Universidad de Alicante, Spain
| | - Nuria Casado-Coy
- Multidisciplinary Institute for Environmental Studies (MIES), Universidad de Alicante, Spain
| | | | | | - Ítalo Braga Castro
- Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil; Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, Brazil.
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11
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do Amparo SZS, Carvalho LDO, Silva GG, Viana MM. Microplastics as contaminants in the Brazilian environment: an updated review. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1414. [PMID: 37925384 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-12011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics have long been present in marine and terrestrial environments and have emerged in recent decades as a global environmental concern. This pollutant has been detected with increasing frequency in Brazilian territory and herein primarily highlights current information and developments about the quantity, distribution, techniques of identification, origins, and sources of microplastics and related pollutants in the Brazilian environment. We evaluated 79 publications from 2018 to December 2022, and some aspects can be highlighted: 27% of studies were published in the Journal Marine Pollution Bulletin; 22% of all studies were conducted in São Paulo city; and 52% of all microplastics found were collected from biota followed by sediment samples. According to the findings given here, microplastics in Brazilian habitats, which can reach concentrations of 4367 to 25,794 items m-2 in sediments, are becoming a serious problem in the Anthropocene age, and some topics regarding the open questions in this area were pointed out in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sthéfany Z S do Amparo
- Departamento de Química-ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, ZIP 30.270-901, Brazil.
- Centro de Tecnologia em Nanomateriais e Grafeno - CTNano, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, ZIP 31.310-260, Brazil.
| | - Luciana de O Carvalho
- Departamento de Química-ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, ZIP 30.270-901, Brazil
- Centro de Tecnologia em Nanomateriais e Grafeno - CTNano, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, ZIP 31.310-260, Brazil
| | - Glaura G Silva
- Departamento de Química-ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, ZIP 30.270-901, Brazil
- Centro de Tecnologia em Nanomateriais e Grafeno - CTNano, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, ZIP 31.310-260, Brazil
| | - Marcelo M Viana
- Departamento de Química-ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, ZIP 30.270-901, Brazil.
- Centro de Tecnologia em Nanomateriais e Grafeno - CTNano, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, ZIP 31.310-260, Brazil.
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Santos LFO, Neu V, Monteiro RCP, Kütter VT, Morais LMS, Soares-Gomes A, Chelazzi D, Giarrizzo T, Martinelli Filho JE. Microplastics and microfibers in the Guajará Bay, Amazon delta: Potential sources and variability. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 195:115525. [PMID: 37708604 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The role of Amazon on the transport and as a source of microplastics (MPs) to the ocean is uncertain. This study is an assessment on the distribution of MPs and microfibers (MFs) in a portion of the Amazon delta. Guajará bay is a potential source for surrounding waters, since a metropolis is located at the right margin. Surface water samples were collected during the dry and rainy season of 2014/2015 at six stations. MP and MF abundance ranged from 218 to 5529.98 (1565.01 ± 196.94) particles·m-3. Transparent, white and blue particles were frequent. Higher values were detected on the right, urbanized margin of the bay (p = 0.0124). Most of the particles were anthropogenic cellulose fibers (68.8 %). Polyethylene terephthalate (52.9 %) and polyamide (34.4 %) were the dominant polymers. Our results indicate higher MP and MF abundances near to the potential source, the urban nucleus, and related to local hydrodynamic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Francy Oliveira Santos
- Laboratório de Oceanografia Biológica and Centro de Estudos Avançados da Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa s/n, Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Vania Neu
- Instituto Socioambiental e dos Recursos Hídricos, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, PA 66.077-830, Brazil
| | - Raqueline Cristina Pereira Monteiro
- Programa de pós-graduação em Ecologia Aquática e Pesca, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa s/n, Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Tavares Kütter
- Programa de pós-graduação em Geologia e Geoquímica, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Pará, Augusto Correa n°1, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Mario Siqueira Morais
- Laboratório de Oceanografia Biológica and Centro de Estudos Avançados da Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa s/n, Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil; Programa de pós-graduação em Ecologia Aquática e Pesca, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa s/n, Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Abilio Soares-Gomes
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Sedimentos, Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ 24220900, Brazil
| | - David Chelazzi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Tommaso Giarrizzo
- Instituto de Ciências do Mar (LABOMAR), Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Martinelli Filho
- Laboratório de Oceanografia Biológica and Centro de Estudos Avançados da Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa s/n, Guamá, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil.
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Trindade LDS, Gloaguen TV, Benevides TDSF, Valentim ACS, Bomfim MR, Gonzaga Santos JA. Microplastics in surface waters of tropical estuaries around a densely populated Brazilian bay. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 323:121224. [PMID: 36754197 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Brazil is the fourth largest producer of plastic waste in the world, but studies on pollution of rivers and estuaries by microplastics are still scarce. This study is located in the state of Bahia (Northeast region) in ten estuarine environments around Todos dos Santos Bay (TDB), the largest Brazilian bay, where more than 3 million Brazilians live. The aim of the study was the evaluation of the input of microplastics into the TSB by river. Microplastic abundance, size, morphology and water quality were determined during three sampling campaigns. All river samples were highly polluted with microplastics (mostly <150 μm), up to 33,000 items m-3, exceeding values observed in most estuaries worldwide. The poor quality of the river water reflect the deficient treatment of domestic wastewater in the state of Bahia (49% are not treated), and in this study is shown a correlation with the abundance of microplastics, indicating their possible main source. Artisanal fishing can also contribute locally to this pollution. Morover, the results highlight the importance of sampling small microplastics (<100 μm) to avoid important underestimation of this pollution. Based on these data, the three major rivers would discharge 3.88 trillion items into the Bay each year, equivalent to 4.75 × 105 m2 of plastic. Further research in surface water systems is essential, given that the average wastewater treatment rates in the country and in the Northeast and North regions are only 43%, 32%, and 12%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laiana Dos Santos Trindade
- Center for Agricultural, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Reconcavo of Bahia, 44380-000, Cruz Das Almas, Brazil
| | - Thomas Vincent Gloaguen
- Center for Technology and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Reconcavo of Bahia, 44380-000, Cruz Das Almas, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Marcela Rebouças Bomfim
- Center for Agricultural, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Reconcavo of Bahia, 44380-000, Cruz Das Almas, Brazil.
| | - Jorge Antônio Gonzaga Santos
- Center for Agricultural, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Reconcavo of Bahia, 44380-000, Cruz Das Almas, Brazil.
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Silva-Cavalcanti JS, Silva JCP, de Andrade FM, Brito AMSS, Costa MFD. Microplastic pollution in sediments of tropical shallow lakes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 855:158671. [PMID: 36099957 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Forty-eight tropical shallow lakes (depth ≤ 4 m) across a climatic gradient were assessed for microplastic (MPs; <5 mm) pollution based on MPs concentrations in archive samples from lake shore sediments. The MPs were classified by type (fragments or fibres), colour (yellow, black, red, green, blue, white, and transparent), size (0.55 to 4.93 mm), and polymer (polyester, polyethylene, chlorinated polyethylene, and polyamide). Sediments were predominantly medium sand, and all samples (144) contained MPs, consisting of 24 % fragments (6.3 ± 11.3 MPs·300 g-1) and 76 % fibres (21.25 ± 12.7 MPs·300 g-1). The lake climate (humid, transitional, or semi-arid), type of surrounding land use (urban, semi-arid, or rural), and distance from the shoreline (0, 5 or 10 m) did not explain the differences in MPs concentrations, partially refuting the initial hypothesis. The only significant difference was between the sample medians for the number of fragments based on the region (H = 7.586; p = 0.0481). The number of fragments in the lakes in the humid region was greater than that in the semi-arid region (p < 0.05). Poor sanitation, sewage effluents, and solid wastes reaching and accumulating in the lakes may be the primary and transversal conditioning factors for this small difference among diverse environments. Freshwater lakes are investigated in all continents, and the present study contributes to the first record of MPs in shallow lake sediments in eastern South America. The 48 shallow lakes assessed showed a relatively low concentration of MPs compared to other lake contaminants reported in the international literature. This information coincides with public policies issued, regarding the control and reduction of plastics and MPs in Brazil, and the study region.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jayne Crisleny Pereira Silva
- Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, R. Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Recife 52171-900, Brazil; Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Arquitetura, s/n, Recife 50740-540, Brazil
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Tripathy B, Dash A, Das AP. Detection of Environmental Microfiber Pollutants through Vibrational Spectroscopic Techniques: Recent Advances of Environmental Monitoring and Future Prospects. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022:1-11. [PMID: 36370114 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2144994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A robust environmental monitoring system is highly essential for the instant detection of environmental microfiber pollutants for the sustainable management of the environment and human health. The extent of microfiber pollution is growing exponentially across the globe in both terrestrial and marine environments. An immediate and accurate environmental monitoring system is crucial to investigate the composition and distribution of these micropollutants. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Raman Spectroscopy are vibrational spectroscopic techniques that have the novel ability to detect microfibers within a minute concentration from diverse environmental samples. The major micropollutants which have been analyzed are polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon 6, polystyrene, and polyethylene terephthalate. After a detailed and critical study of the various aspects of spectroscopic analysis, the review is concluded with a comprehensive discussion of the significance of these robust methods and their application in future aspects for further preventing microfiber pollution in the marine environment. This study highlights the utilities and significance of vibrational spectroscopic detection techniques for the immediate and accurate identification of synthetic microfibers. This review also evaluated the implementation of spectroscopic methods as a precise tool for the characterization and monitoring of microfiber pollutants in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banismita Tripathy
- Department of Life Sciences, Rama Devi Women's University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Akankshya Dash
- Department of Life Sciences, Rama Devi Women's University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Alok Prasad Das
- Department of Life Sciences, Rama Devi Women's University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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