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C V R Silva D, Silva GC, Siqueira-Silva DH, Bazzan T, Silva HTL, Silva MCR, Bérgamo AL, Freitas JVR, Porfírio AEP, Pelegrini GH, Araújo CVM. A multi-evidence approach in an Amazonian river based on land use, water quality, histopathological effects and habitat selection behavior in fish. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 361:142492. [PMID: 38830469 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
The Amazon rivers constitute the largest river basin in the world, with a high level of biodiversity. The Tocantins River is one of the most important rivers in this region, which has been impacted by different land uses. The objective of this study was to carry out a multi-evidence analysis focusing on the water quality of the Tocantins River, close to the municipality of Marabá-PA. We analyzed forest cover and water quality and, using the model organism Danio rerio, performed toxicity tests for histopathological effects, as well as the habitat selection approach by exposing fish to different river water samples in a multi-compartment device. The results showed that the studied area has already lost almost 30% of its forests in recent decades. Regarding water quality, the upstream (C1) and downstream (C5) points are the least impacted. On the other hand, the other points (C2-C4), closer to the city, greater input of pollutants was detected. Fish exposed to water samples from the most impacted sites showed several oedemas and hyperplastic cells in the gills. Regarding habitat selection behavior, there was a marked avoidance by samples with the highest contamination load. The results of this study lead to the understanding of the potential negative effects of human activities on local Amazonian biodiversity, since the potential toxicity of the environment, in conjunction with changes in the habitat selection process, could lead to a decline in populations of aquatic organisms, altering the environmental balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C V R Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Environment and Water Resources (POSMARH), Federal University of Itajubá (Unifei), Itajubá 37500-903, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Southern and Southeastern Pará (Unifesspa), Marabá 68507-590, Pará, Brazil.
| | - Gilmar C Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Environmental Technology, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Volta Redonda 27255-125, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Diógenes H Siqueira-Silva
- Research Group of Studies on the Reproduction of Amazon Fish (GERPA/LANEC), Biology Faculty, Federal University of South and Southern of Pará (Unifesspa), Av. dos Ipês, S/N, 68507-590 Marabá, PA, Brazil
| | - Thiago Bazzan
- Earth Observation and Geoinformatics Division, National Institute for Space Research (INPE), São José dos Campos 12227-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hadda T L Silva
- Research Group of Studies on the Reproduction of Amazon Fish (GERPA/LANEC), Biology Faculty, Federal University of South and Southern of Pará (Unifesspa), Av. dos Ipês, S/N, 68507-590 Marabá, PA, Brazil
| | - Maria C R Silva
- Research Group of Studies on the Reproduction of Amazon Fish (GERPA/LANEC), Biology Faculty, Federal University of South and Southern of Pará (Unifesspa), Av. dos Ipês, S/N, 68507-590 Marabá, PA, Brazil
| | - Alessandro L Bérgamo
- Natural Resources Institute (IRN), Federal University of Itajubá (Unifei), Itajubá 37500-903, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - João Vitor R Freitas
- Natural Resources Institute (IRN), Federal University of Itajubá (Unifei), Itajubá 37500-903, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana E P Porfírio
- Natural Resources Institute (IRN), Federal University of Itajubá (Unifei), Itajubá 37500-903, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Guilherme H Pelegrini
- Natural Resources Institute (IRN), Federal University of Itajubá (Unifei), Itajubá 37500-903, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Cristiano V M Araújo
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (ICMAN-CSIC), 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
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de Souza SS, Bruce KHR, da Costa JC, Pereira D, da Silva GS, Val AL. Effects of climate change and mixtures of pesticides on the Amazonian fish Colossoma macropomum. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:171379. [PMID: 38431165 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Several studies highlighted the complexity of mixing pesticides present in Amazonian aquatic environments today. There is evidence that indicates that ongoing climate change can alter the pattern of pesticide use, increasing the concentration and frequency of pesticide applications. It is known that the combination of thermal and chemical stress can induce interactive effects in aquatic biota, which accentuates cell and molecular damage. However, considering that the effects of climate change go beyond the increase in temperature the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of climate change scenarios proposed by 6 th IPCC report and a mixture of pesticides on the tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). The hypothesis of this study is that the negative effects will be accentuated by the combination of an extreme climate changes scenario and a mixture of pesticides. To test the hypothesis, juvenile tambaqui were exposed to a combination of four pesticides (chlorpyrifos, malathion, carbendazim and atrazine) in two scenarios, one that simulates current environmental conditions and another that predicted the environmental scenario for the year 2100. Fish were subjected to the experimental conditions for 96 h. At the end of the experiment, samples of blood, gills, liver, brain, and muscle were obtained for hematological, genotoxic, biochemical, and histopathological analyses. The results demonstrate that environmentally realistic concentrations of pesticides, when mixed, can alter the biochemical responses of tambaqui. The extreme scenario promotes hematological adjustments, but impairs branchial antioxidant enzymes. There is an interaction between the mixture of pesticides and the extreme scenario, accentuating liver tissue damage, which demonstrates that even increased activity of antioxidant and biotransformation enzymes were not sufficient to prevent liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samara Silva de Souza
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, AM, Brazil.
| | - Kerem Hapuque Rodrigues Bruce
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Custódio da Costa
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Desyree Pereira
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Science (ICB), Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Grazyelle Sebrenski da Silva
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Science (ICB), Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Luis Val
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, AM, Brazil
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Baima Ferreira Freitas I, Duarte-Neto PJ, Sorigotto LR, Cardoso Yoshii MP, de Palma Lopes LF, de Almeida Pereira MM, Girotto L, Badolato Athayde D, Veloso Goulart B, Montagner CC, Schiesari LC, Martinelli LA, Gaeta Espíndola EL. Effects of pasture intensification and sugarcane cultivation on non-target species: A realistic evaluation in pesticide-contaminated mesocosms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:171425. [PMID: 38432384 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Conventional soil management in agricultural areas may expose non-target organisms living nearby to several types of contaminants. In this study, the effects of soil management in extensive pasture (EP), intensive pasture (IP), and sugarcane crops (C) were evaluated in a realistic-field-scale study. Thirteen aquatic mesocosms embedded in EP, IP, and C treatments were monitored over 392 days. The recommended management for each of the areas was simulated, such as tillage, fertilizer, pesticides (i.e. 2,4-D, fipronil) and vinasse application, and cattle pasture. To access the potential toxic effects that the different steps of soil management in these areas may cause, the cladoceran Ceriophania silvestrii was used as aquatic bioindicator, the dicot Eruca sativa as phytotoxicity bioindicator in water, and the dipteran Chironomus sancticaroli as sediment bioindicator. Generalized linear mixed models were used to identify differences between the treatments. Low concentrations of 2,4-D (<97 μg L-1) and fipronil (<0.21 μg L-1) in water were able to alter fecundity, female survival, and the intrinsic rate of population increase of C. silvestrii in IP and C treatments. Similarly, the dicot E. sativa had germination, shoot and root growth affected mainly by 2,4-D concentrations in the water. For C. sancticarolli, larval development was affected by the presence of fipronil (<402.6 ng g-1). The acidic pH (below 5) reduced the fecundity and female survival of C. silvestrii and affected the germination and growth of E. sativa. Fecundity and female survival of C. silvestrii decrease in the presence of phosphorus-containing elements. The outcomes of this study may improve our understanding of the consequences of exposure of freshwater biota to complex stressors in an environment that is rapidly and constantly changing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabele Baima Ferreira Freitas
- NEEA/SHS, Center of Ecotoxicology and Applied Ecology, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Paulo José Duarte-Neto
- PPGBEA, Department of Statistics and Informatics, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n, 52171900 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Lais Roberta Sorigotto
- NEEA/SHS, Center of Ecotoxicology and Applied Ecology, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Paula Cardoso Yoshii
- NEEA/SHS, Center of Ecotoxicology and Applied Ecology, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Laís Fernanda de Palma Lopes
- NEEA/SHS, Center of Ecotoxicology and Applied Ecology, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Mickaelle Maria de Almeida Pereira
- PPGBEA, Department of Statistics and Informatics, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n, 52171900 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Laís Girotto
- NEEA/SHS, Center of Ecotoxicology and Applied Ecology, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Danillo Badolato Athayde
- NEEA/SHS, Center of Ecotoxicology and Applied Ecology, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Bianca Veloso Goulart
- LQA, Analytical Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Rua Josué de Castro, s/n, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Cassiana Carolina Montagner
- LQA, Analytical Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Rua Josué de Castro, s/n, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis Cesar Schiesari
- EACH, USP - School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, Av. Arlindo Bétio 1000, 03828-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Antônio Martinelli
- CENA, USP - Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Av. Centenário 303, 13416-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Evaldo Luiz Gaeta Espíndola
- NEEA/SHS, Center of Ecotoxicology and Applied Ecology, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Zhang Y, Zeng H, Zhou L, Wang C, Yang X, Liu S. Integrated histopathology and transcriptome metabolome profiling reveal the toxicity mechanism of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid in zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 344:123402. [PMID: 38272164 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) is a new type of agrochemical used to prevent plant diseases, but its effects on aquatic organisms are unclear. To comprehensively assess the impacts of PCA for aquatic organisms and its associated environmental risks, this study investigated, taking zebrafish as the research object, the toxicological mechanism of PCA by means of optical microscopy, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, ultrastructural observation, physiological and biochemical testing, transcriptome sequencing, metabolome analysis, fluorescence quantitative PCR and molecular simulation. The results indicated that PCA was detrimental to zebrafish embryos, larvae and adults, with LC50 values at 96 h of 3.9093 mg/L, 8.5075 mg/L, and 13.6388 mg/L, respectively. PCA caused abnormal spontaneous movement, slowed the heart rate, delayed hatching, shortened the body length, slowed growth, and caused malformations. PCA mainly affected the brain, liver, heart, and ovaries. PCA distorted cell morphology, damaged mitochondrial membranes, disintegrated mitochondrial ridges, and dissociated nuclear membranes. PCA inhibited the enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and disrupted antioxidant effects. The results of omics studies confirmed that PCA interfered with the transcriptional and metabolic network of zebrafish, downregulating most genes and metabolites. PCA mainly affected functions related to mitochondrial steroids, lipids, sterols, oxidoreductase activity and pathways involving cofactors, steroids, porphyrin, cytochromes, which specifically bound to targets such as panx3, agmat, and ace2. PCA was moderately toxic to zebrafish, and its usage should be strictly controlled to reduce toxic effects on aquatic organisms. The results of this study provide a new insights for ecotoxicology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Hao Zeng
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Leyin Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Chong Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shuangqing Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
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Islam MA, Lopes I, Domingues I, Silva DCVR, Blasco J, Pereira JL, Araújo CVM. Behavioural, developmental and biochemical effects in zebrafish caused by ibuprofen, irgarol and terbuthylazine. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 344:140373. [PMID: 37806324 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The increasing use of chemicals and their release into aquatic ecosystems are harming aquatic biota. Despite extensive ecotoxicological research, many environmental pollutants' ecological effects are still unknown. This study examined the spatial avoidance, behavioural and biochemical impacts of ibuprofen, irgarol, and terbuthylazine on the early life stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio) under a range of ecologically relevant concentrations (0-500 μg/L). Embryos were exposed following the OECD guideline "fish embryo toxicity test" complemented with biochemical assessment of AChE activity and behavioural analyses (swimming activity) using the video tracking system Zebrabox. Moreover, spatial avoidance was assessed by exposing 120 hpf-old larvae of D. rerio to a gradient of each chemical, by using the heterogeneous multi-habitat assay system (HeMHAS). The results obtained revealed that the 3 compounds delayed hatching at concentrations of 50 and 500 μg/L for both ibuprofen and irgarol and 500 μg/L for terbuthylazine. Moreover, all chemicals elicited a dose-dependent depression of movement (swimming distance) with LOEC values of 5, 500 and 50 μg/L for ibuprofen, irgarol and terbuthylazine, respectively. Zebrafish larvae avoided the three chemicals studied, with 4 h-AC50 values for ibuprofen, irgarol, and terbuthylazine of 64.32, 79.86, and 131.04 μg/L, respectively. The results of the HeMHAS assay suggest that larvae may early on avoid (just after 4 h of exposure) concentrations of the three chemicals that may later induce, apical and biochemical effects. Findings from this study make clear some advantages of using HeMHAS in ecotoxicology as it is: ecologically relevant (by simulating a chemically heterogeneous environmental scenario), sensitive (the perception of chemicals and the avoidance can occur at concentrations lower than those producing lethal or sublethal effects) and more humane and refined approach (organisms are not mandatorily exposed to concentrations that can produce individual toxicity).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ariful Islam
- Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (CSIC), Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Campus Universitario Río San Pedro, s/n, 11510, Puerto Real, Spain; Department of Aquatic Resource Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh; Management and Conservation of the Sea, University of Cadiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Spain.
| | - Isabel Lopes
- CESAM & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Inês Domingues
- CESAM & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Daniel C V R Silva
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Southern and Southeastern Pará, Marabá, 68507-590, Pará, Brazil; Institute of Natural Resources, Federal University of Itajubá (UNIFEI), Laboratory of Limnology and Ecotoxicolo Gy, Itajubá, 37500-903, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Julián Blasco
- Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (CSIC), Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Campus Universitario Río San Pedro, s/n, 11510, Puerto Real, Spain.
| | - Joana Luísa Pereira
- CESAM & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Cristiano V M Araújo
- Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (CSIC), Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Campus Universitario Río San Pedro, s/n, 11510, Puerto Real, Spain.
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