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Mhaddolkar N, Astrup TF, Tischberger-Aldrian A, Pomberger R, Vollprecht D. Challenges and opportunities in managing biodegradable plastic waste: A review. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2024:734242X241279902. [PMID: 39344513 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x241279902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Biodegradable plastics have certain challenges in a waste management perspective. The existing literature reviews fail to provide a consolidated overview of different process steps of biodegradable plastic waste management and to discuss the support provided by the existing legislation for the same. The present review provides a holistic overview of these process steps and a comprehensive relative summary of 13 existing European Union (EU) laws related to waste management and circular economy, and national legislations plus source separation guidelines of 13 countries, to ensure the optimal use of resources in the future. Following were the major findings: (i) numerous types and low volumes of biodegradable plastics pose a challenge to developing cost-effective waste management infrastructure; (ii) biodegradable plastics are promoted as food-waste collection aids, but consumers are often confused about their proper disposal and are prone to greenwashing from manufacturers; (iii) industry-level studies demonstrating mechanical recycling on a full scale are unavailable; (iv) the existing EU legislation dealt with general topics related to biodegradable plastics; however, only the new proposal on plastic packaging waste and the EU policy framework for bioplastics clearly mentioned their disposal and (v) clear disparities were observed between disposal methods suggested by national legislation and available source separation guidelines. Thus, to appropriately manage biodegradable plastic waste, it is necessary to develop waste processing and material utilization infrastructure as well as create consumer awareness. In the end, recommendations were provided for improved biodegradable plastic waste management from the perspective of systemic challenges identified from the literature review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Mhaddolkar
- Chair of Waste Processing Technology and Waste Management (AVAW), Montanuniversität Leoben (MUL), Leoben, Austria
- DTU SUSTAIN, Department of Environmental Engineering, Danish Technical University (DTU), Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thomas Fruergaard Astrup
- DTU SUSTAIN, Department of Environmental Engineering, Danish Technical University (DTU), Lyngby, Denmark
- Ramboll, Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - Alexia Tischberger-Aldrian
- Chair of Waste Processing Technology and Waste Management (AVAW), Montanuniversität Leoben (MUL), Leoben, Austria
| | - Roland Pomberger
- Chair of Waste Processing Technology and Waste Management (AVAW), Montanuniversität Leoben (MUL), Leoben, Austria
| | - Daniel Vollprecht
- Chair of Resource and Chemical Engineering, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
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Lara-Topete GO, Castanier-Rivas JD, Bahena-Osorio MF, Krause S, Larsen JR, Loge FJ, Mahlknecht J, Gradilla-Hernández MS, González-López ME. Compounding one problem with another? A look at biodegradable microplastics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 944:173735. [PMID: 38857803 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Environmental concerns about microplastics (MPs) have motivated research of their sources, occurrence, and fate in aquatic and soil ecosystems. To mitigate the environmental impact of MPs, biodegradable plastics are designed to naturally decompose, thus reducing the amount of environmental plastic contamination. However, the environmental fate of biodegradable plastics and the products of their incomplete biodegradation, especially micro-biodegradable plastics (MBPs), remains largely unexplored. This comprehensive review aims to assess the risks of unintended consequences associated with the introduction of biodegradable plastics into the environment, namely, whether the incomplete mineralization of biodegradable plastics could enhance the risk of MBPs formation and thus, exacerbate the problem of their environmental dispersion, representing a potentially additional environmental hazard due to their presumed ecotoxicity. Initial evidence points towards the potential for incomplete mineralization of biodegradable plastics under both controlled and uncontrolled conditions. Rapid degradation of PLA in thermophilic industrial composting contrasts with the degradation below 50 % of other biodegradables, suggesting MBPs released into the environment through compost. Moreover, degradation rates of <60 % in anaerobic digestion for polymers other than PLA and PHAs suggest a heightened risk of MBPs in digestate, risking their spread into soil and water. This could increase MBPs and adsorbed pollutants' mobilization. The exact behavior and impacts of additive leachates from faster-degrading plastics remain largely unknown. Thus, assessing the environmental fate and impacts of MBPs-laden by-products like compost or digestate is crucial. Moreover, the ecotoxicological consequences of shifting from conventional plastics to biodegradable ones are highly uncertain, as there is insufficient evidence to claim that MBPs have a milder effect on ecosystem health. Indeed, literature shows that the impact may be worse depending on the exposed species, polymer type, and the ecosystem complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Ossmar Lara-Topete
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Laboratorio de Sostenibilidad y Cambio Climático, Av. General Ramón Corona 2514, Zapopan, Jalisco 45138, Mexico
| | - Juan Daniel Castanier-Rivas
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Laboratorio de Sostenibilidad y Cambio Climático, Av. General Ramón Corona 2514, Zapopan, Jalisco 45138, Mexico
| | - María Fernanda Bahena-Osorio
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Laboratorio de Sostenibilidad y Cambio Climático, Av. General Ramón Corona 2514, Zapopan, Jalisco 45138, Mexico
| | - Stefan Krause
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Joshua R Larsen
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Frank J Loge
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA, United States of America; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Jürgen Mahlknecht
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Misael Sebastián Gradilla-Hernández
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Laboratorio de Sostenibilidad y Cambio Climático, Av. General Ramón Corona 2514, Zapopan, Jalisco 45138, Mexico
| | - Martín Esteban González-López
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Laboratorio de Sostenibilidad y Cambio Climático, Av. General Ramón Corona 2514, Zapopan, Jalisco 45138, Mexico.
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Qiu Y, Wang P, Zhang L, Li C, Lu J, Ren L. Enhancing biodegradation efficiency of PLA/PBAT-ST20 bioplastic using thermophilic bacteria co-culture system: New insight from structural characterization, enzyme activity, and metabolic pathways. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 477:135426. [PMID: 39106720 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
The rising utilization of PLA/PBAT-ST20 presents potential ecological risks stemming from its casual disposal and incomplete degradation. To solve this problem, this study investigated the degradation capabilities of PLA/PBAT-ST20 by a co-culture system comprising two thermophilic bacteria, Pseudomonas G1 and Kocuria G2, selected and identified from the thermophilic phase of compost. Structural characterization results revealed that the strains colonized the PLA/PBAT-ST20's surface, causing holes and cracks, with an increase in the carbonyl index (CI) and polydispersity index (PDI), indicating oxidative degradation. Enzyme activity results demonstrated that the co-culture system significantly enhanced the secretion and activity of proteases and lipases, promoting the breakdown of ester bonds. LC-QTOF-MS results showed that various intermediate products were obtained after degradation, ultimately participating in the TCA cycle (ko00020), further completely mineralized. Additionally, after 15-day compost, the co-culture system achieved a degradation rate of 72.14 ± 2.1 wt% for PBAT/PLA-ST20 films, with a decrease in the abundance of plastic fragments of all sizes, demonstrating efficient degradation of PLA/PBAT-ST20 films. This study highlights the potential of thermophilic bacteria to address plastic pollution through biodegradation and emphasizes that the co-culture system could serve as an ideal solution for the remediation of PLA/PBAT plastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhan Qiu
- School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Pan Wang
- School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Luxi Zhang
- School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Chunmei Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Jiaxin Lu
- School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Lianhai Ren
- School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
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Chen L, Qiu T, Huang F, Zeng Y, Cui Y, Chen J, White JC, Fang L. Micro/nanoplastics pollution poses a potential threat to soil health. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17470. [PMID: 39149882 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Micro/nanoplastic (MNP) pollution in soil ecosystems has become a growing environmental concern globally. However, the comprehensive impacts of MNPs on soil health have not yet been explored. We conducted a hierarchical meta-analysis of over 5000 observations from 228 articles to assess the broad impacts of MNPs on soil health parameters (represented by 20 indicators relevant to crop growth, animal health, greenhouse gas emissions, microbial diversity, and pollutant transfer) and whether the impacts depended on MNP properties. We found that MNP exposure significantly inhibited crop biomass and germination, and reduced earthworm growth and survival rate. Under MNP exposure, the emissions of soil greenhouse gases (CO2, N2O, and CH4) were significantly increased. MNP exposure caused a decrease in soil bacteria diversity. Importantly, the magnitude of impact of the soil-based parameters was dependent on MNP dose and size; however, there is no significant difference in MNP type (biodegradable and conventional MNPs). Moreover, MNPs significantly reduced As uptake by plants, but promoted plant Cd accumulation. Using an analytical hierarchy process, we quantified the negative impacts of MNP exposure on soil health as a mean value of -10.2% (-17.5% to -2.57%). Overall, this analysis provides new insights for assessing potential risks of MNP pollution to soil ecosystem functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianyi Qiu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fengyu Huang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yongxing Cui
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jason C White
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Linchuan Fang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
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Chen Z, Ren J, Yun Z, Wen Q, Fu Q, Qiu S. Effects of agricultural mulch film on swine manure composting: Film degradation and nitrogen transformation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 406:131042. [PMID: 38936678 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
The utilization of biodegradable mulch films (bio-MFs) is essential for agricultural safety. This study explored the effects of no MF (CK), aging bio-MF (BM), non-aging bio-MF (NBM), and aging polyethylene (PE)-MF (PEM) on swine manure composting. The results demonstrated that outdoor aging (45 days) accelerated the macroscopic degradation of bio-MF in the BM. A reduction in NH4+-N and NH3 emissions in the initial composting was observed owing to an increase in the carbon source or the bulking effect provided by the MFs. N2O emissions from days 9 to 21 were higher in the PEM than other treatments because of the formation of anaerobic zone in the MF-based aggregates. An obvious increase of amoA in PEM indicated a promoted nitrification during the maturation phase, meanwhile the increase of NO2--N and aggregate promoted denitrification. Altogether, MF influenced composting through the synergistic effects of increasing the carbon source, bulking effect, and aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Jie Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Zerui Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Qinxue Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China.
| | - Qiqi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Shan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
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Zhou Y, Awasthi MK, Syed A, Bahkali AH. Engineered biochar combined clay for microplastic biodegradation during pig manure composting. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 356:124372. [PMID: 38880326 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
This study pursued to regulate bacterial community succession pattern and expedited biodegradation of microplastics (MP) during pig manure (PM) composting employing walnut shell biochar (WSB) and montmorillonite (M). The WSB with concentration of 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10% and 12% along with 10% M participated into PM for 42 days compost to search the optimal solution. The results confirmed the most prosperous bacterial phylum consisted of Firmicutes (3.02%-91.80%), Proteobacteria (2.08%-48.54%), Chloroflexi (0-44.62%) and Bacteroidetes (0.85%-40.93%). The addition of biochar has dramatically arranged bacterial community at different stages of composting. Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS) revealed that carbon element in MPs decreased since the chemical bond fracture, under the intervention of high-temperature composting and WSB, the carbon content of MPs was maximum reduced by 20.25%. Fourier transform infrared spectrum indicated that CC, C-O, C-H and -COOH abundance of MPs in 10% and 12% dose biochar addition sharply reduced, interestingly, explicating WSB and composting made MP biodegradable. This experiment possesses affirmatory practical meaning for elimination of potential hazards by composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Zhou
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali H Bahkali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Escobar M, Ji J, Wang Y, Feng M, Bao C, Ma J, Cui S, Zang S, Zhang J, Zhang W, Chen G, Chen H. Effect of thermal treatment of illite on the bioavailability of copper and zinc in the aerobic composting of pig manure with corn straw. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1411251. [PMID: 38903784 PMCID: PMC11187081 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1411251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The large amount of various types of heavy metals in animal manure applied to agricultural field has caused severe threat to the ecosystems of soil environments. In this study, the effect of thermal treatment of illite on the bioavailability of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) in the aerobic composting of pig manure with corn straw biochar was investigated. The objectives of this study were to characterize the variations in the bioavailability of Cu and Zn in the aerobic composting of pig manure added with illite treated with high temperatures and to identify the relatively dominant microbes involved in the formation of humus and passivation of heavy metals in pig manure composting based on 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing analysis. The results showed that in comparison with the raw materials of pig manure, the bioavailability of Zn and Cu in the control and three experimental composting groups, i.e., group I (with untreated illite), group I-2 (with illite treated under 200°C), and group I-5 (with illite treated under 500°C), was decreased by 27.66 and 71.54%, 47.05 and 79.80%, 51.56 and 81.93%, and 58.15 and 86.60%, respectively. The results of 16S rRNA sequencing analysis revealed that in the I-5 group, the highest relative abundance was detected in Fermentimonas, which was associated with the degradation of glucose and fructose, and the increased relative abundances were revealed in the microbes associated with the formation of humus, which chelated with Zn and Cu to ultimately reduce the bioavailability of heavy metals and their biotoxicity in the compost. This study provided strong experimental evidence to support the application of illite in pig manure composting and novel insights into the selection of appropriate additives (i.e., illite) to promote humification and passivation of different heavy metals in pig manure composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maia Escobar
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiaoyang Ji
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yueru Wang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Meiqin Feng
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Changjie Bao
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Jianxun Ma
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Shijia Cui
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Sihan Zang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinpeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Guang Chen
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Huan Chen
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Yu L, An Z, Xie D, Yin D, Xie G, Gao X, Xiao Y, Liu J, Fang Z. From waste to protein: a new strategy of converting composted distilled grain wastes into animal feed. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1405564. [PMID: 38881654 PMCID: PMC11176434 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1405564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Distilled grain waste (DGW) is rich in nutrients and can be a potential resource as animal feed. However, DGW contains as much as 14% lignin, dramatically reducing the feeding value. White-rot fungi such as Pleurotus ostreatus could preferentially degrade lignin with high efficiency. However, lignin derivatives generated during alcohol distillation inhibit P. ostreatus growth. Thus, finding a new strategy to adjust the DGW properties to facilitate P. ostreatus growth is critical for animal feed preparation and DGW recycling. In this study, three dominant indigenous bacteria, including Sphingobacterium thermophilum X1, Pseudoxanthomonas byssovorax X3, and Bacillus velezensis 15F were chosen to generate single and compound microbial inoculums for DGW composting to prepare substrates for P. ostreatus growth. Compared with non-inoculated control or single microbial inoculation, all composite inoculations, especially the three-microbial compound, led to faster organic metabolism, shorter composting process, and improved physicochemical properties of DGW. P. ostreatus growth assays showed the fastest mycelial colonization (20.43 μg·g-1 ergosterol) and extension (9 mm/d), the highest ligninolytic enzyme activities (Lac, 152.68 U·g-1; Lip, 15.56 U·g-1; MnP, 0.34 U·g-1; Xylanase, 10.98 U·g-1; FPase, 0.71 U·g-1), and the highest lignin degradation ratio (30.77%) in the DGW sample after 12 h of composting with the three-microbial compound inoculation when compared to other groups. This sample was relatively abundant in bacteria playing critical roles in amino acid, carbohydrate, energy metabolism, and xenobiotic biodegradation, as suggested by metagenomic analysis. The feed value analysis revealed that P. ostreatus mycelia full colonization in composted DGW led to high fiber content retention and decreased lignin content (final ratio of 5% lignin) but elevated protein concentrations (about 130 g·kg-1 DM). An additional daily weight gain of 0.4 kg/d was shown in cattle feeding experiments by replacing 60% of regular feed with it. These findings demonstrate that compound inoculant consisting of three indigenous microorganisms is efficient to compost DGW and facilitate P. ostreatus growth. P. ostreatus decreased the lignin content of composted DGW during its mycelial growth, improving the quality of DGW for feeding cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, China
| | - Zichao An
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, China
| | - Dengdeng Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, China
| | - Diao Yin
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, China
| | - Guopai Xie
- Anhui Golden Seed Winery Co., Ltd., Fuyang, China
| | - Xuezhi Gao
- Anhui Golden Seed Winery Co., Ltd., Fuyang, China
| | - Yazhong Xiao
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, China
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, China
| | - Zemin Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, Hefei, China
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Wang L, Chang R, Ren Z, Meng X, Li Y, Gao M. Mature compost promotes biodegradable plastic degradation and reduces greenhouse gas emission during food waste composting. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:172081. [PMID: 38554961 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Mature compost can promote the transformation of organic matter (OM) and reduce the emission of polluting gases during composting, which provides a viable approach to reduce the environmental impacts of biodegradable plastics (BPs). This study investigated the impact of mature compost on polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) degradation, greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, and microbial community structure during composting under two treatments with mature compost (MC) and without (CK). Under MC, visible plastic rupture was advanced from day 14 to day 10, and a more pronounced rupture was observed at the end of composting. Compared with CK, the degradation rate of PBAT in MC was increased by 4.44 % during 21 days of composting. Thermobifida, Ureibacillus, and Bacillus, as indicator species under MC treatment, played an important role in PBAT decomposition. Mature compost reduced the total global warming potential (GWP) by 25.91 % via inhibiting the activity of bacteria related to the production of CH4 and N2O. Functional Annotation of Prokaryotic Taxa (FAPROTAX) further revealed that mature compost addition increased relative abundance of bacteria related to multiple carbon (C) cycle functions such as methylotrophy, hydrocarbon degradation and cellulolysis, inhibited nitrite denitrification and denitrification, thus alleviating the emission of GHGs. Overall, mature compost, as an effective additive, exhibits great potential to simultaneously mitigate BP and GHG secondary pollution in co-composting of food waste and PBAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ruixue Chang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhiping Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xin Meng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanming Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Miao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Collection and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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10
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Sun T, Li Y, Wang Y, Yang Q, Du J, Hu J, Sarula, Dong T, Yun X. High performance poly(L-lactic acid)-based film by one-step synthesis of poly (L-lactic acid-co-butylene itaconate-co-glycolic acid) for efficient preservation of yogurt storage. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131746. [PMID: 38653425 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Biodegradable poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) has seldom used for dairy packaging due to medium permeability and brittleness. Novel PLLA copolymers, poly (L-lactic acid-co-butylene itaconate-co-glycolic acid) (PLBIGA), were developed by integrating glycolic acid (GA) and poly(butylene itaconate) (PBI) into PLLA's structure using low molecular weight PLLA as a key initiator. Then, packaging materials with better barrier and mechanical properties were obtained by blended PLBIGA with PLLA. Both PLLA/PLBIGA films and polyethylene nylon composite film (PE/NY) were used for stirred yogurt packaging and storage at 4 °C for 25 days. Results revealed that yogurt packed by PLLA/PLBIGA films maintained stabler water-holding capacity, color, and viscosity over the storage period. Moreover, the integrity of the gel structure and the total viable count of lactic acid bacteria in yogurt packaged in PLLA/40-PLBIGA8 were also found to be superior to those in PE/NY packages, highlighting its eco-friendly advantages in dairy packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 306 Zhaowuda Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010010, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 306 Zhaowuda Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010010, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 306 Zhaowuda Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010010, China; Hohhot Huimin District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010030, China
| | - Qing Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 306 Zhaowuda Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010010, China
| | - Jiahui Du
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 306 Zhaowuda Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010010, China
| | - Jian Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 306 Zhaowuda Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010010, China
| | - Sarula
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 306 Zhaowuda Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010010, China
| | - Tungalag Dong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 306 Zhaowuda Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010010, China
| | - Xueyan Yun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 306 Zhaowuda Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010010, China; Hohhot Huimin District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010030, China.
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11
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Lu J, Qiu Y, Zhang L, Wang J, Li C, Wang P, Ren L. Effects of Fe 3O 4 NMs based Fenton-like reactions on biodegradable plastic bags in compost: New insight into plastisphere community succession, co-composting efficiency and free radical in situ aging theory. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 467:133689. [PMID: 38335609 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Biodegradable plastic bags (BPBs), meant for eco-friendly, often inadequately degrade in compost, leading to microplastic pollution. In this study, the effect of Fenton-like reaction with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NMs) on the plastisphere microorganisms' evolution and the BPBs' aging mechanism was revealed by co-composting of food waste with BPBs for 40 days. The establishment of the Fenton-like reaction was confirmed, with the addition of Fenton-like reagent treatments resulting in an increase of 57.67% and 37.75% in H2O2 levels during the composting, compared to the control group. Moreover, the structural characterization reveals that increasing oxygen content continuously generates reactive free radicals on the surface, leading to the formation of oxidative cavities. This process results in random chain-breaking, significantly reducing molecular weights by 39.27% and 38.81%, thus showcasing a deep-seated transformation in the plastic's molecular structure. Furthermore, the microbial network suggested that the Fenton-like reaction enriched plastisphere keystone species, thus accelerating the BPBs' aging. Additionally, the Fenton-like reaction improved compost maturity and reduced greenhouse gas emissions. These results reveal the bio-chemical mechanisms of BPBs aging and random chain-breaking by the Fenton-like reaction, under alternating oxidative/anoxic conditions of composting and provide a new insight to resolve the BPBs' pollutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Lu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yizhan Qiu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Luxi Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jiancheng Wang
- Weiqiao-UCAS Science and Technology Park, Binzhou City, Shandong Province 256606, China
| | - Chunmei Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Pan Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Lianhai Ren
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; School of Light Industry Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
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12
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Liu L, Yang X, Ellam RM, Li Q, Feng D, Song Z, Tang J. Evidence that co-existing cadmium and microplastics have an antagonistic effect on greenhouse gas emissions from paddy field soils. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 467:133696. [PMID: 38341889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Accumulation of microplastics (MPs) and cadmium (Cd) are ubiquitous in paddy soil. However, the combined effects of MPs and Cd on physiochemical and microbial mechanisms in soils and the attendant implications for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, remain largely unknown. Here, we evaluated the influence of polylactic acid (PLA) and polyethylene (PE) MPs on GHG emissions from Cd-contaminated paddy soil using a microcosm experiment under waterlogged and drained conditions. The results showed that PLA significantly increased CH4 and N2O emission fluxes and hence the global warming potential (GWP) of waterlogged soil. Soils treated with MPs+Cd showed significantly reduced GWP compared to those treated only with MPs suggesting that, irrespective of attendant consequences, Cd could alleviate N2O emissions in the presence of MPs. Conversely, the presence of MPs in Cd-contaminated soils tended to alleviate the bioavailability of Cd. Based on a structural equation model analysis, both the MPs-derived dissolved organic matter and the soil bioavailable Cd affected indirectly on soil GHG emissions through their direct influencing on microbial abundance (e.g., Firmicutes, Nitrospirota bacteria). These findings provide new insights into the assessment of GHG emissions and soil/cereal security in response to MPs and Cd coexistence that behaved antagonistically with respect to adverse ecological effects in paddy systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linan Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xinzuo Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Rob M Ellam
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Di Feng
- Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center/Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang 262700, Shandong, China
| | - Zhaoliang Song
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jingchun Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
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13
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Guan J, Zhang C, Xu P, Niu D, Yang W, Zhang X, Liu T, Ma P. Biodegradable reactive compatibilizers for efficient in-situ compatibilization of poly (lactic acid)/poly (butylene adipate-terephthalate) blends. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130029. [PMID: 38340935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The wide application of fully biodegradable polylactic acid/polybutylene terephthalate (PLA/PBAT) blends in environmentally friendly packaging were limited because of poor compatibility. Normal compatibilizers suffer from poor thermal stability and non-biodegradability. In this work, epoxy copolymer (MDOG) with different molecular structures were made of 2-methylene-1, 3-dioxoheptane, and glycidyl methacrylate as raw materials by free radical copolymerization. MDOG copolymers have good biodegradability and a high thermal decomposition temperature of 361 °C. The chemical reaction of the epoxy groups in MDOG with PLA and PBAT during the melting reaction improved the interfacial bonding by decreasing the particle size of PBAT. Compared to the PLA/PBAT blends, the tensile strength and fracture toughness of PLA/PBAT/MDOG blends were enhanced to 34.6 MPa and 115.8 MJ/m3, which are 25 % and 81 % higher, respectively. As a result, this work offers new methods for developing thermally stable and biodegradable compatibilizers, which will hopefully promote the development of packaging industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyu Guan
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ce Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Pengwu Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Deyu Niu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Weijun Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Tianxi Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Piming Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China.
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14
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Zhao L, Wang P, Li Y, Yu M, Zheng Y, Ren L, Wang Y, Li J. Feasibility of anaerobic co-digestion of biodegradable plastics with food waste, investigation of microbial diversity and digestate phytotoxicity. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 393:130029. [PMID: 37977495 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The effects of biodegradable plastics of different thicknesses (30 and 40 μm) and sizes (20 × 20, 2 × 2, and 1 × 1 mm) on anaerobic digestion of food waste and digestate phytotoxicity were investigated. Methane productions (38 days) for the groups with 20 × 20, 2 × 2, and 1 × 1 mm of 30 μm plastics were 92.46, 138.27, and 259.95 mL/gVSremoval, respectively which are nearly 58 % higher than the control group (58.86 mL/gVSremoval). Methane production in 40 μm plastics groups was lower than in 30 μm groups of equal size. All sizes of 30 µm plastics promoted substrate hydrolysis, acidification, and relative abundance of key hydrolytic bacteria and methanogens. Phytotoxicity tests results showed that seed root elongation was inhibited in groups with 40 μm plastics. In conclusion, 30 μm biodegradable plastics were more suitable for anaerobic digestion with food waste than 40 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liya Zhao
- School of Ecology and Environment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Pan Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yingnan Li
- School of Ecology and Environment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Miao Yu
- School of Ecology and Environment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, Suzhou 215128, China; College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lianhai Ren
- School of Ecology and Environment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yongjing Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Ji Li
- Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou) of China Agricultural University, Wuzhong District, Suzhou 215128, China; College of Resources and Environmental Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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15
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Song C, Gao Y, Sun Q, Zhao Y, Qi H, Chen Z, Li J, Wang S, Wei Z. Insight into the pathways of biochar/smectite-induced humification during chicken manure composting. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167298. [PMID: 37742972 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
As representative organic and inorganic additives, both biochar and smectite exhibit an excellent capacity to improve humification efficiency during composting. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying biochar/smectite-induced compost humification have still not been fully explored from the perspective of overall organic substances. In this study, three composting treatments were performed as follows: 10 % biochar-amended composting, 10 % smectite-amended composting and natural composting without any additive. UV-visible parameters and synchronous hetero two-dimensional correlation spectra showed that biochar accelerated dissolved organic matter (DOM) complications, unsaturation and aromatization. For example, biochar promoted the C2 and simple C3 peaks to convert into a sophisticated C3/360 peak. However, the effect of smectite was negligible in complicating the DOM structure. Both biochar and smectite displayed an invigorating role in promoting humic substance (HS) formation. The strengthened relations between bacterial richness and physicochemical indicators and HS fractions might contribute to the positive action of biochar/smectite on HS synthesis. Network analysis showed that both bacterial functional omnipotence and specialization in response to the addition of catalysts may contribute to compost humification. The chemical pathway involved in DOM humification was intensified by enhancing the role of pH in biochar composting and weakening the degradation of unsaturated aromatic compounds of DOM with smectite addition. These findings benefit the practical application of biochar/smectite in promoting composting efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Song
- College of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China; College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yunxiang Gao
- College of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Qihaoqiang Sun
- College of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hui Qi
- College of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Zhiru Chen
- College of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Shenghui Wang
- College of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Zimin Wei
- College of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China.
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16
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Qiu Y, Wang P, Guo Y, Zhang L, Lu J, Ren L. Enhancing food waste reduction efficiency and high-value biomass production in Hermetia illucens rearing through bioaugmentation with gut bacterial agent. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166488. [PMID: 37611705 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
The black soldier fly (BSF) rearing technology has been a promising bioconversion method for food waste (FW) disposal. However, when used independently, it currently only achieves low efficiency and biomass transformation rates (BTR). This study screened and identified two strains of gut beneficial bacteria, Bacillus cereus and Bacterium YC-LK-LKJ45. The efficiency of a complex culture formulated by these strains was investigated, focusing on enhancing FW reduction and high-value biomass production during the rearing of BSF larvae. The coculture agent group (G1-10%, with two strains in 1:1 volume ratio at a 10 % dosage) exhibited higher larval yield (627.67 g·kg-1), BTR (47.90 %), FW reduction efficiency (80.67 %), and total protein and fat yield (261.99 g·kg-1and 46.24 g·kg-1) compared to the control and the monoculture agent group (which added a single gut beneficial bacteria agent, either Bacillus cereus or Bacterium YC-LK-LKJ45). The bacterial agent altered the richness and diversity of the gut microbial community of BSF, increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bacillus, Oceano bacillus, and Akkermansia, while decreasing pathogenic bacteria, such as Acinetobacter and Escherichia-Shigella. Structural equation model quantification revealed that α-diversity (λ = 0.897, p < 0.001) and BTR (λ = 0.747, p < 0.001) are crucial drivers for enhancing high-value biomass during bioaugmentation rearing. This investigation provides a theoretical framework for the effective management of food waste using BSF, enhancing its decomposition and transformation into higher-value biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhan Qiu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Pan Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yuwen Guo
- AnronX Technology (Beijing) Joint Stock Co., Ltd., Beijing 100086, China
| | - Luxi Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jiaxin Lu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Lianhai Ren
- School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
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17
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Fan Z, Jiang C, Muhammad T, Ali I, Feng Y, Sun L, Geng H. Impacts and mechanism of biodegradable microplastics on lake sediment properties, bacterial dynamics, and greenhouse gasses emissions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 900:165727. [PMID: 37487892 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of microplastics (MPs) in freshwater ecosystems plays a vital role in greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions from lake sediment by altering sediment properties and microbial communities. Thus, a short-term microcosm experiment was performed to explore the effect of conventional polyethylene (PE) and biodegradable Poly (butylene-adipate-co-terephtalate) (PBAT) MPs on carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions from lake sediment and associated microbial community. The results indicated that at 1.0 % concentration, the cumulative CO2 emissions were increased by 16.8 % and the cumulative CH4 emissions were increased more than four times following the addition of biodegradable MPs compared to conventional MPs, which was due to the more dissolved organic carbon (DOC) provided by biodegradable MPs for microbial respiration. Furthermore, the cumulative CO2 and CH4 emissions significantly (p < 0.05) increased with the increasing concentrations of biodegradable MPs. Notably, the accumulation of MPs could weaken the microbial stress from requirements of energy and substrate, and increase the microbial biomass carbon (MBC) value, thus eventually improving the respiratory capacity of microbes. In addition, the biodegradable MPs significantly increased the abundance of microbes, such as Firmicutes, Myxococcota and Actinobacteriota, which were related to the function of anaerobic respiration. Overall, we concluded that the abundant DOC provided by biodegradable MPs could promote the growth of microbes in lake sediment, and they could change the structure and diversity of the microbial community, which would eventually enhance the anaerobic respiration of microbes and aggravate the GHGs emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zequn Fan
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Cuiling Jiang
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Tahir Muhammad
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Imran Ali
- College of environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Yakun Feng
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Lei Sun
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Hui Geng
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
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18
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Zhang Y, Tao J, Bai Y, Wang F, Xie B. Incomplete degradation of aromatic-aliphatic copolymer leads to proliferation of microplastics and antibiotic resistance genes. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 181:108291. [PMID: 37907056 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable plastics (BDPs) have attracted extensive attention as an alternative to conventional plastics. BDPs could be mineralized by composting, while the quality of compost affected by the presence of BDPs and the residual microplastics (MPs) has not been well evaluated. This study aimed to explore the MPs release potential and environmental implications of commercial BDPs (aromatic-aliphatic copolymer) films in uncontrolled composting. Results showed that the molecular weight of BDPs decreased by >60% within 60 d. However, the non-extracted organic matter and wet-sieving measurements indicated that MPs continuously released and accumulated during regular composting. The average MPs release potential (0.1-5 mm) was 134.6 ± 18.1 particles/mg (BDPs), which resulted in 103-104 particles/g dw in compost. The plastisphere of MPs showed a significantly higher (0.95-16.76 times) abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which resulted in the rising (1.34-2.24 times) of ARGs in compost heaps, in comparison to the control groups. Overall, BDPs promote the spread of ARGs through the selective enrichment of bacteria and horizontal transfer from released MPs. These findings confirmed that BDPs could enhance the release potential of MPs and the dissemination of ARGs, which would promote the holistic understanding and environmental risk of BDPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation on Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jianping Tao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation on Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yudan Bai
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation on Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation on Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Bing Xie
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation on Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Jiang H, Zhang Y, Cui R, Ren L, Zhang M, Wang Y. Effects of Two Different Proportions of Microbial Formulations on Microbial Communities in Kitchen Waste Composting. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2605. [PMID: 37894263 PMCID: PMC10609192 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of bulking agents on the maturity and gaseous emissions of composting kitchen waste. The composing experiments were carried out by selected core bacterial agents and universal bacterial agents for 20 days. The results demonstrated that the addition of core microbial agents effectively controlled the emission of typical odor-producing compounds. The addition of core and universal bacterial agents drastically reduced NH3 emissions by 94% and 74%, and decreased H2S emissions by 78% and 27%. The application of core microbial agents during composting elevated the peak temperature to 65 °C and in terms of efficient temperature evolution (>55 °C for 8 consecutive days). The organic matter degradation decreased by 65% from the initial values for core microbial agents were added, while for the other treatments the reduction was slight. Adding core microbial agents to kitchen waste produced mature compost with a higher germination index (GI) 112%, while other treatments did not fully mature and had a GI of <70%. Microbial analysis demonstrated that the core microbial agents in composting increased the relative abundances of Weissella, Ignatzschineria, and Bacteroides. Network and redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed that the core microbial agents enhanced the relationship between bacteria and the eight indicators (p < 0.01), thereby improving the bio transformation of compounds during composting. Overall, these results suggest that the careful selection of appropriate inoculation microorganisms is crucial for improved biological transformation and nutrient content composting efficacy of kitchen waste.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Minglu Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (H.J.); (Y.Z.); (R.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Yongjing Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (H.J.); (Y.Z.); (R.C.); (L.R.)
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