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Kumar S, Arwind DA, Kumar B H, Pandey S, Nayak R, Vithalkar MP, Kumar N, Pai KSR. Inhibition of STAT3: A promising approach to enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapy in medulloblastoma. Transl Oncol 2024; 46:102023. [PMID: 38852276 PMCID: PMC11220551 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.102023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Medulloblastoma is a type of brain cancer that primarily affects children. While chemotherapy has been shown to be effective in treating medulloblastoma, the development of chemotherapy resistance remains a challenge. One potential therapeutic approach is to selectively inhibit the inducible transcription factor called STAT3, which is known to play a crucial role in the survival and growth of tumor cells. The activation of STAT3 has been linked to the growth and progression of various cancers, including medulloblastoma. Inhibition of STAT3 has been shown to sensitize medulloblastoma cells to chemotherapy, leading to improved treatment outcomes. Different approaches to STAT3 inhibition have been developed, including small-molecule inhibitors and RNA interference. Preclinical studies have shown the efficacy of STAT3 inhibitors in medulloblastoma, and clinical trials are currently ongoing to evaluate their safety and effectiveness in patients with various solid tumors, including medulloblastoma. In addition, researchers are also exploring ways to optimize the use of STAT3 inhibitors in combination with chemotherapy and identify biomarkers that can predict treatment that will help to develop personalized treatment strategies. This review highlights the potential of selective inhibition of STAT3 as a novel approach for the treatment of medulloblastoma and suggests that further research into the development of STAT3 inhibitors could lead to improved outcomes for patients with aggressive cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachindra Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, India
| | - Dube Aakash Arwind
- Department of Pharmacology and toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Vaishali-844102, Bihar, India
| | - Harish Kumar B
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, India
| | - Samyak Pandey
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, India
| | - Raksha Nayak
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, India
| | - Megh Pravin Vithalkar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, India
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Vaishali-844102, Bihar, India
| | - K Sreedhara Ranganath Pai
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, India.
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Abdel-Aziz N, Saif-Elnasr M. Citicoline modulates inflammatory signaling pathways in the spleen of rats exposed to gamma-radiation. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2024:1-8. [PMID: 39049671 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2024.2381759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The spleen has an essential role in immune responses regulation and is considered the biggest peripheral immune organ. Citicoline is used for various brain disorders management. This study aimed to examine the using possibility of citicoline to treat γ-radiation-induced splenic inflammation in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen male albino rats were classified into: Group 1 (control) animals were kept as control. Group 2 (γ-radiation) animals were total-body γ-irradiated with 6 Gy. Group 3 (γ-radiation + citicoline) rats were γ-irradiated with 6 Gy, then injected intraperitoneally with citicoline (300 mg/kg/d) 5 min after irradiation for one week. Levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS, NF-κB, JAK2, and STAT3 were determined in spleen tissue, along with histopathological examination. RESULTS Rats exposure to gamma-radiation led to elevation in splenic TNF-α, IL-1β, NF-κB, iNOS, JAK2, and STAT3 levels significantly. Treatment with citicoline after gamma-radiation exposure improved this elevation, and modulated gamma-radiation-induced histopathological alterations. CONCLUSIONS This data showed that citicoline inhibited γ-radiation-induced splenic inflammation via suppressing NF-κB and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways in spleen tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahed Abdel-Aziz
- Radiation Biology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Saif-Elnasr
- Health Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
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3
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Ma Y, Gao F, Liu Y. CLK3 positively promoted colorectal cancer proliferation by activating IL-6/STAT3 signaling. Exp Cell Res 2024; 440:114132. [PMID: 38885806 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) poses a significant challenge in oncology due to its increasing global incidence and treatment complexities. This study delved into the role of the dual-specificity protein kinase CLK3 in CRC progression and its potential as a therapeutic target. By analyzing clinical data and experimental models comprehensively, we found that CLK3 expression was markedly elevated in CRC tissues compared to normal colon tissue. High CLK3 levels were associated with advanced clinical stages and poor prognosis in CRC patients, suggesting its utility as a prognostic biomarker. Functional assays demonstrated that CLK3 overexpression boosted CRC cell proliferation and ATP production, whereas genetic CLK3 knockdown hindered cell proliferation in vitro and curbed tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, we uncovered that CLK3 positively influenced the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway by stabilizing JAK2 protein levels. These findings propose targeting CLK3 signaling as a promising therapeutic approach for CRC. Further investigation into CLK3's molecular mechanisms and clinical implications is necessary to fully harness its potential in managing CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Ma
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China.
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Wang S, Duan H, Wang S, Guo Z, Lin Q. miR-141-3p Regulates the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Endometrial-Myometrial Interface Smooth Muscle Cells in Adenomyosis Via JAK2/STAT3 Pathway. Biochem Genet 2024; 62:2049-2065. [PMID: 37828348 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10508-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Adenomyosis (ADS) is a common benign gynecological disease. Abnormal proliferation at the endometrial-myometrial interface (EMI) plays a crucial role in the occurrence and progression of ADS. miR-141-3p is associated with cell proliferation and apoptosis. However, the specific mechanism of miR-141-3p in the etiology of ADS is still unknown. In this study, we explored the effects of miR-141-3p on the proliferation and apoptosis of ADS EMI smooth muscle cells (SMCs). We collected EMI tissues for the primary culture of SMCs from 25 patients diagnosed with ADS and 20 without ADS. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot were used to measure the mRNA and protein expression levels of miR-141-3p, JAK2, STAT3, phospho-JAK2, and phospho-STAT3 in ADS EMI SMCs. The cell counting kit 8 assay and flow cytometry analysis were used to evaluate the proliferation and apoptosis of EMI SMCs. The miR-141-3p mimic/inhibitor was used to increase or decrease the expression level of miR-141-3p. We added WP1066 to block the phosphorylation of JAK2/STAT3 pathway components. The miR-141-3p levels were decreased, while JAK2 and STAT3 levels were increased in ADS EMI SMCs. miR-141-3p overexpression significantly inhibited the proliferation and enhanced the apoptosis of EMI SMCs, whereas a decrease in miR-141-3p expression level was connected to the opposite results. Meanwhile, inactivated JAK2/STAT3 pathway decreased proliferation and enhanced apoptosis of EMI SMCs after WP1066 treatment. Furthermore, rescue experiments confirmed that the JAK2/STAT3 pathway was the downstream pathway of miR-141-3p and reduced the effect of miR-141-3p on the proliferation and apoptosis of EMI SMCs. These results demonstrate that miR-141-3p regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of ADS EMI SMCs by modulating the JAK2/STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirui Wang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100006, China
| | - Hua Duan
- Department of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100006, China.
| | - Sha Wang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100006, China
| | - Zhengchen Guo
- Department of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100006, China
| | - Qi Lin
- Department of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100006, China
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Xu S, Liao J, Liu B, Zhang C, Xu X. Aerobic glycolysis of vascular endothelial cells: a novel perspective in cancer therapy. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:717. [PMID: 38824197 PMCID: PMC11144152 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09588-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) are monolayers of cells arranged in the inner walls of blood vessels. Under normal physiological conditions, ECs play an essential role in angiogenesis, homeostasis and immune response. Emerging evidence suggests that abnormalities in EC metabolism, especially aerobic glycolysis, are associated with the initiation and progression of various diseases, including multiple cancers. In this review, we discuss the differences in aerobic glycolysis of vascular ECs under normal and pathological conditions, focusing on the recent research progress of aerobic glycolysis in tumor vascular ECs and potential strategies for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenhao Xu
- Department of urology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Jiahao Liao
- Department of urology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of urology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of urology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China.
| | - Xin Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
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Zhang D, Chen H, Wang J, Ji J, Imam M, Zhang Z, Yan S. Current progress and prospects for G protein-coupled estrogen receptor in triple-negative breast cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1338448. [PMID: 38476263 PMCID: PMC10928007 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1338448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a biologically and clinically heterogeneous disease. The G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) plays a crucial role in mediating the effect of estrogen and estrogen-like compounds in TNBC cells. Compared with other subtypes, GPER has a higher expression in TNBC. The GPER mechanisms have been thoroughly characterized and analyzed in estrogen receptor α (ERα) positive breast cancer, but not in TNBC. Our previous work revealed that a higher expression of GPER mRNA indicates a better prognosis for ERα-positive breast cancer; however, its effects in TNBC differ. Whether GPER could serve as a predictive prognostic marker or therapeutic target for TNBC remains unclear. In this review, we provide a detailed introduction to the subcellular localization of GPER, the different effects of various ligands, and the interactions between GPER and closely associated factors in TNBC. We focused on the internal molecular mechanisms specific to TNBC and thoroughly explored the role of GPER in promoting tumor development. We also discussed the interaction of GPER with specific cytokines and chemokines, and the relationship between GPER and immune evasion. Additionally, we discussed the feasibility of using GPER as a therapeutic target in the context of existing studies. This comprehensive review highlights the effects of GPER on TNBC, providing a framework and directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shunchao Yan
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Jung M, Bonavida B. Immune Evasion in Cancer Is Regulated by Tumor-Asociated Macrophages (TAMs): Targeting TAMs. Crit Rev Oncog 2024; 29:1-17. [PMID: 38989734 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2024053096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Recent advancements in cancer treatment have explored a variety of approaches to address the needs of patients. Recently, immunotherapy has evolved as an efficacious treatment for various cancers resistant to conventional therapies. Hence, significant milestones in immunotherapy were achieved clinically in a large subset of cancer patients. Unfortunately, some cancer types do not respond to treatment, and among the responsive cancers, some patients remain unresponsive to treatment. Consequently, there is a critical need to examine the mechanisms of immune resistance and devise strategies to target immune suppressor cells or factors, thereby allowing for tumor sensitivity to immune cytotoxic cells. M2 macrophages, also known as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), are of interest due to their role in suppressing the immune system and influencing antitumor immune responses through modulating T cell activity and immune checkpoint expression. TAMs are associated with signaling pathways that modulate the tumor microenvironment (TME), contributing to immune evasion. One approach targets TAMs, focusing on preventing the polarization of M1 macrophages into the protumoral M2 phenotype. Other strategies focus on direct or indirect targeting of M2 macrophages through understanding the interaction of TAMs with immune factors or signaling pathways. Clinically, biomarkers associated with TAMs' immune resistance in cancer patients have been identified, opening avenues for intervention using pharmacological agents or immunotherapeutic approaches. Ultimately, these multifaceted approaches are promising in overcoming immune resistance and improving cancer treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Jung
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Johnson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90025-1747, USA
| | - Benjamin Bonavida
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Johnson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90025-1747, USA
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8
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Song Q, Zhang X, Liu W, Wei H, Liang W, Zhou Y, Ding Y, Ji F, Ho-Kwan Cheung A, Wong N, Yu J. Bifidobacterium pseudolongum-generated acetate suppresses non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 2023; 79:1352-1365. [PMID: 37459922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Recent studies have highlighted the role of the gut microbiota and their metabolites in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (NAFLD-HCC). We aimed to identify specific beneficial bacterial species that could be used prophylactically to prevent NAFLD-HCC. METHODS The role of Bifidobacterium pseudolongum was assessed in two mouse models of NAFLD-HCC: diethylnitrosamine + a high-fat/high-cholesterol diet or + a choline-deficient/high-fat diet. Germ-free mice were used for the metabolic study of B. pseudolongum. Stool, portal vein and liver tissues were collected from mice for non-targeted and targeted metabolomic profiles. Two human NAFLD-HCC cell lines (HKCI2 and HKCI10) were co-cultured with B. pseudolongum-conditioned media (B.p CM) or candidate metabolites. RESULTS B. pseudolongum was the top depleted bacterium in mice with NAFLD-HCC. Oral gavage of B. pseudolongum significantly suppressed NAFLD-HCC formation in two mouse models (p < 0.01). Incubation of NAFLD-HCC cells with B.p CM significantly suppressed cell proliferation, inhibited the G1/S phase transition and induced apoptosis. Acetate was identified as the critical metabolite generated from B. pseudolongum in B.p CM, an observation that was confirmed in germ-free mice. Acetate inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in NAFLD-HCC cell lines and suppressed NAFLD-HCC tumor formation in vivo. B. pseudolongum restored heathy gut microbiome composition and improved gut barrier function. Mechanistically, B. pseudolongum-generated acetate reached the liver via the portal vein and bound to GPR43 (G coupled-protein receptor 43) on hepatocytes. GPR43 activation suppressed the IL-6/JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway, thereby preventing NAFLD-HCC progression. CONCLUSIONS B. pseudolongum protected against NAFLD-HCC by secreting the anti-tumor metabolite acetate, which reached the liver via the portal vein. B. pseudolongum holds potential as a probiotic for the prevention of NAFLD-HCC. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (NAFLD-HCC) is an increasing healthcare burden worldwide. There is an urgent need to develop effective agents to prevent NAFLD-HCC progression. Herein, we show that the probiotic Bifidobacterium pseudolongum significantly suppressed NAFLD-HCC progression by secreting acetate, which bound to hepatic GPR43 (G coupled-protein receptor 43) via the gut-liver axis and suppressed the oncogenic IL-6/JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway. Bifidobacterium pseudolongum holds potential as a novel probiotic for NAFLD-HCC prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Song
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Weixin Liu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hong Wei
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China; Institute of Precision Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Liang
- Institute of Precision Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunfei Zhou
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yanqiang Ding
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fenfen Ji
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alvin Ho-Kwan Cheung
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Nathalie Wong
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK-Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Yuan S, Zhu T, Wang J, Jiang R, Shu A, Zhang Z, Zhang P, Feng X, Zhao L. miR-22 promotes immunosuppression via activating JAK/STAT3 signaling in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Carcinogenesis 2023; 44:549-561. [PMID: 37466677 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgad055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is the only approved systemic therapy for advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), however, roughly 50% of patients do not respond to the therapy and resistance often occurs over time to those who initially respond. Immunosuppression could have a critical role in developing treatment resistance, thus, understanding the mechanisms of how immunosuppression is developed and regulated may be the key to improving clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies for cSCC. Here, through using a series of immunocompetent genetically engineered mouse models, we demonstrate that miR-22 promotes cSCC development by establishing regulatory T cells (Tregs)-mediated immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) in a tumor cell autonomous manner. Mechanism investigation revealed that miR-22 elicits the constitutive activation of JAK/STAT3 signaling by directly targeting its suppressor SOCS3, which augments cancer cell-derived chemokine secretion and Tregs recruitment. Epithelial-specific and global knockouts of miR-22 repress papilloma and cSCC development and progression, manifested with reduced Tregs infiltration and elevated CD8+ T cell activation. Transcriptomic analysis and functional rescue study confirmed CCL17, CCL20 and CCL22 as the main affected chemokines that mediate the chemotaxis between miR-22 highly expressing keratinocyte tumor cells and Tregs. Conversely, overexpression of SOCS3 reversed miR-22-induced Tregs recruitment toward tumor cells. Clinically, gradually increasing Tregs infiltration during cSCC progression was negatively correlated with SOCS3 abundance, supported by previously documented elevated miR-22 levels. Thus, our study uncovers a novel miR-22-SOCS3-JAK/STAT3-chemokines regulatory mechanism in defining the immunosuppressive TME and highlights the promising clinical application value of miR-22 as a common targeting molecule against JAK/STAT3 signaling and immune escape in cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shukai Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Tong Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Jianan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ruoyu Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Aofeng Shu
- School of Basic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Zhenlei Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Peitao Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xuequan Feng
- Neurosurgical Department, Tianjin First Central Hospital, No. 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300070, China
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Chang YC, Wu CZ, Cheng CW, Chen JS, Chang LC. Redrawing Urokinase Receptor (uPAR) Signaling with Cancer Driver Genes for Exploring Possible Anti-Cancer Targets and Drugs. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1435. [PMID: 37895906 PMCID: PMC10610195 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
During tumorigenesis, urokinase (uPA) and uPA receptor (uPAR) play essential roles in mediating pathological progression in many cancers. To understand the crosstalk between the uPA/uPAR signaling and cancer, as well as to decipher their cellular pathways, we proposed to use cancer driver genes to map out the uPAR signaling. In the study, an integrated pharmaceutical bioinformatics approach that combined modulator identification, driver gene ontology networking, protein targets prediction and networking, pathway analysis and uPAR modulator screening platform construction was employed to uncover druggable targets in uPAR signaling for developing a novel anti-cancer modality. Through these works, we found that uPAR signaling interacted with 10 of 21 KEGG cancer pathways, indicating the important role of uPAR in mediating intracellular cancerous signaling. Furthermore, we verified that receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and ribosomal S6 kinases (RSKs) could serve as signal hubs to relay uPAR-mediated cellular functions on cancer hallmarks such as angiogenesis, proliferation, migration and metastasis. Moreover, we established an in silico virtual screening platform and a uPAR-driver gene pair rule for identifying potential uPAR modulators to combat cancer. Altogether, our results not only elucidated the complex networking between uPAR modulation and cancer but also provided a paved way for developing new chemical entities and/or re-positioning clinically used drugs against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ching Chang
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114201, Taiwan;
| | - Chung-Ze Wu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110301, Taiwan;
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235041, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Wen Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110301, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114201, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Shuen Chen
- Department of Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veteran General Hospital, Kaohsiung City 813414, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114202, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chien Chang
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114201, Taiwan;
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 114201, Taiwan
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Guo H, Zhi Y, Wang K, Li N, Yu D, Ji Z, Chen B. Establishment of two oxaliplatin-resistant gallbladder cancer cell lines and comprehensive analysis of dysregulated genes. Open Med (Wars) 2023; 18:20230690. [PMID: 37786776 PMCID: PMC10541806 DOI: 10.1515/med-2023-0690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Acquired resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs in gallbladder cancer (GBC) results in therapy failure. This study is aimed to establish oxaliplatin (OXA)-resistant GBC cell lines and uncover their gene expression profiles. First, two OXA-resistant GBC cell lines (GBC-SD/OXA and SGC996/OXA) were established by gradually increasing the drug concentration, and the resistance index was 4-5. The two resistant cell lines showed slower proliferation and higher stemness, colony formation, and migration abilities. Epithelial mesenchymal transformation and increased levels of P-glycoprotein were also detected. Next RNA-sequence analysis identified 4,675 dysregulated genes (DGs) in resistant cells, and most of the 12 randomly selected DGs were verified to be consistent with the sequence results. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis indicated that several DGs were involved in resistance- and phenotype-related pathways, of which the activations of PD-L1 and ERK1/2 were both verified in resistant cell lines. In conclusion, this study is the first to report the gene expression profile of OXA-resistant GBC cells and provides a useful database for target development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Guo
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai201318, China
| | - Yunqing Zhi
- Department of Assisted Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai201204, China
| | - Kaijing Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200120, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200120, China
| | - Danlei Yu
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai200120, China
| | - Zhonghua Ji
- Department of Anesthesia, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai200120, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai200120, China
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12
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Yu W, Wang C, Shang Z, Tian J. Unveiling novel insights in prostate cancer through single-cell RNA sequencing. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1224913. [PMID: 37746302 PMCID: PMC10514910 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1224913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a cutting-edge technology that provides insights at the individual cell level. In contrast to traditional bulk RNA-seq, which captures gene expression at an average level and may overlook important details, scRNA-seq examines each individual cell as a fundamental unit and is particularly well-suited for identifying rare cell populations. Analogous to a microscope that distinguishes various cell types within a tissue sample, scRNA-seq unravels the heterogeneity and diversity within a single cell species, offering great potential as a leading sequencing method in the future. In the context of prostate cancer (PCa), a disease characterized by significant heterogeneity and multiple stages of progression, scRNA-seq emerges as a powerful tool for uncovering its intricate secrets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhiqun Shang
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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13
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Liu B, Cao J, Wu B, Hao K, Wang X, Chen X, Shen Z. METTL3 and STAT3 form a positive feedback loop to promote cell metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:121. [PMID: 37231451 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01148-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well-established that most Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients die of metastasis, yet the potential mechanisms orchestrating metastasis remain poorly understood. Current evidence suggests that the dysregulation of METTL3-mediated m6A methylation modification is closely associated with cancer progression. STAT3 is an oncogenic transcription factor that reportedly plays a central role in the occurrence and development of HCC. However, the relationship between METTL3 and STAT3 in HCC metastasis remains unclear. METHODS The relationship between METTL3 expression and the survival of HCC patients was assessed by online tools GEPIA and Kaplan-Meier Plotter. Western blotting, Tissue microarray (TMA), and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining were used to evaluate the expression levels of METTL3 and STAT3 in HCC cell lines and metastatic and non-metastatic tissues. Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP), MeRIP sequencing (MeRIP-seq), qRT-PCR, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), Western blotting and luciferase reporter gene assay were utilized to clarify the mechanism of METTL3 regulating STAT3 expression. Immunofluorescence staining, Western blotting, qRT-PCR, Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), IHC staining, TMA and Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay were performed to explore the mechanism of STAT3 modulating METTL3 localization. Cell viability, wound healing and transwell assay, and orthotopic xenograft model were used to evaluate the role of METTL3-STAT3 feedback loop in the promotion of HCC metastasis in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS METTL3 and STAT3 are both abundantly expressed in high-metastatic HCC cells and tissues. Moreover, a positive correlation was found between the expression of STAT3 and METTL3 in HCC tissues. Mechanistically, METTL3 could induce the m6A modification of STAT3 mRNA, and then promote the translation of m6A-contained STAT3 mRNA by interacting with the translation initiation machinery. In contrast, STAT3 promoted nuclear localization of METTL3 via transcriptionally upregulating WTAP, a vital member of the methyltransferase complex, and facilitated the methyltransferase function of METTL3. METTL3 and STAT3 form a positive feedback loop to accelerate HCC metastasis in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal a novel mechanism of HCC metastasis and uncover the METTL3-STAT3 feedback signaling as a potential target for the anti-metastatic treatment of HCC. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Liu
- Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinling Cao
- Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People's Republic of China
| | - Biting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Kaixuan Hao
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xiangyun Wang
- Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhifa Shen
- Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, School of Medical Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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14
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Althagafy HS, El-Aziz MA, Ibrahim IM, Abd-Alhameed EK, Hassanein EM. Pharmacological updates of nifuroxazide: Promising preclinical effects and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 951:175776. [PMID: 37192715 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Nifuroxazide (NFX) is a safe nitrofuran antibacterial drug used clinically to treat acute diarrhea and infectious traveler diarrhea or colitis. Recent studies revealed that NFX displays multiple pharmacological effects, including anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. NFX has potential roles in inhibiting thyroid, breast, lung, bladder, liver, and colon cancers and osteosarcoma, melanoma, and others mediated by suppressing STAT3 as well as ALDH1, MMP2, MMP9, Bcl2 and upregulating Bax. Moreover, it has promising effects against sepsis-induced organ injury, hepatic disorders, diabetic nephropathy, ulcerative colitis, and immune disorders. These promising effects appear to be mediated by suppressing STAT3 as well as NF-κB, TLR4, and β-catenin expressions and effectively decreasing downstream cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Our review summarizes the available studies on the molecular biological mechanisms of NFX in cancer and other diseases and it is recommended to translate the studies in experimental animals and cultured cells and repurpose NFX in various diseases for scientific evidence based on human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan S Althagafy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Islam M Ibrahim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Esraa K Abd-Alhameed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - EmadH M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt.
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15
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Li M, Duan L, Wu W, Li W, Zhao L, Li A, Lu X, He X, Dong Z, Liu K, Jiang Y. Vortioxetine hydrobromide inhibits the growth of gastric cancer cells in vivo and in vitro by targeting JAK2 and SRC. Oncogenesis 2023; 12:24. [PMID: 37147297 PMCID: PMC10163056 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-023-00472-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Most patients are diagnosed in the advanced stage. Inadequate therapeutic strategies and the high recurrence rate lead to the poor 5-year survival rate. Therefore, effective chemopreventive drugs for gastric cancer are urgently needed. Repurposing clinical drugs is an effective strategy for discovering cancer chemopreventive drugs. In this study, we find that vortioxetine hydrobromide, an FDA-approved drug, is a dual JAK2/SRC inhibitor, and has inhibitory effects on cell proliferation of gastric cancer. Computational docking analysis, pull-down assay, cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) and in vitro kinase assays are used to illustrate vortioxetine hydrobromide directly binds to JAK2 and SRC kinases and inhibits their kinase activities. The results of non-reducing SDS-PAGE and Western blotting indicate that vortioxetine hydrobromide suppresses STAT3 dimerization and nuclear translocation activity. Furthermore, vortioxetine hydrobromide inhibits the cell proliferation dependent on JAK2 and SRC and suppresses the growth of gastric cancer PDX model in vivo. These data demonstrate that vortioxetine hydrobromide, as a novel dual JAK2/SRC inhibitor, curbs the growth of gastric cancer in vitro and in vivo by JAK2/SRC-STAT3 signaling pathways. Our results highlight that vortioxetine hydrobromide has the potential application in the chemoprevention of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Lina Duan
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Wenjie Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Ang Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Xuebo Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Xinyu He
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Zigang Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China.
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
| | - Kangdong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China.
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
- Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
- Cancer Chemoprevention International Collaboration Laboratory, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
- Center for Basic Medical Research, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
| | - Yanan Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China.
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China.
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16
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Ben-Yaakov H, Meshel T, Pasmanik-Chor M, Körner C, Ben-Baruch A. A Tumor Microenvironment-Driven Network Regulated by STAT3 and p65 Negatively Controls the Enrichment of Cancer Stem Cells in Human HR+/HER2- Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082255. [PMID: 37190183 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hormone receptor-positive and HER2-negative (HR+/HER2-; luminal A) tumors are prevalent in breast cancer. Our past studies demonstrated that "TME Stimulation" (estrogen + TNFα + EGF, representing three arms of the tumor microenvironment, TME) has enriched metastasis-forming cancer stem cells (CSCs) in HR+/HER2- human breast cancer cells. Here, following information obtained by RNAseq analyses of TME-stimulated CSCs and Non-CSCs, we found that TME Stimulation has induced the activation of S727-STAT3, Y705-STAT3, STAT1 and p65. Upon TME Stimulation, stattic (STAT3 inhibitor) usage demonstrated that Y705-STAT3 activation negatively controlled CSC enrichment and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) traits, while inducing CXCL8 (IL-8) and PD-L1 expression. However, STAT3 knock-down (siSTAT3) had no effect on these functions; in terms of CSC enrichment, p65 had down-regulatory roles that compensated for the loss of an entire STAT3 protein. Y705-STAT3 and p65 acted additively in reducing CSC enrichment, and Y705A-STAT3 variant + sip65 has enriched chemo-resistant CSCs. Clinical data analyses revealed an inverse correlation between Y705-STAT3 + p65 phosphorylation and CSC signature in luminal A patients, and connection to improved disease course. Overall, we find regulatory roles for Y705-STAT3 and p65 in TME-stimulated HR+/HER2- tumors, with the ability to limit CSC enrichment. These findings raise concerns about using inhibitors of STAT3 and p65 as therapeutic strategies in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagar Ben-Yaakov
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Tsipi Meshel
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Metsada Pasmanik-Chor
- Bioinformatics Unit, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Cindy Körner
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adit Ben-Baruch
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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17
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Zhu M, Sun Y, Bai H, Wang Y, Yang B, Wang Q, Kuang H. Effects of saponins from Chinese herbal medicines on signal transduction pathways in cancer: A review. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1159985. [PMID: 37063281 PMCID: PMC10090286 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1159985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer poses a serious threat to human health, and the search for safe and effective drugs for its treatment has aroused interest and become a long-term goal. Traditional Chinese herbal medicine (TCM), an ancient science with unique anti-cancer advantages, has achieved outstanding results in long-term clinical practice. Accumulating evidence shows that saponins are key bioactive components in TCM and have great research and development applications for their significant role in the treatment of cancer. Saponins are a class of glycosides comprising nonpolar triterpenes or sterols attached to hydrophilic oligosaccharide groups that exert antitumor effects by targeting the NF-κB, PI3Ks-Akt-mTOR, MAPK, Wnt-β-catenin, JAK-STAT3, APMK, p53, and EGFR signaling pathways. Presently, few advances have been made in physiological and pathological studies on the effect of saponins on signal transduction pathways involved in cancer treatment. This paper reviews the phytochemistry and extraction methods of saponins of TCM and their effects on signal transduction pathways in cancer. It aims to provide theoretical support for in-depth studies on the anticancer effects of saponins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingtao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Yanping Sun
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Haodong Bai
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Yimeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Bingyou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Qiuhong Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qiuhong Wang, ; Haixue Kuang,
| | - Haixue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Qiuhong Wang, ; Haixue Kuang,
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18
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Chen F, Shen L, Wang Y, Chen Y, Pan X, Liang H, Yu H. Signatures of immune cell infiltration for predicting immune escape and immunotherapy in cervical cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:1685-1698. [PMID: 36917087 PMCID: PMC10042703 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
The cervical cancer tumor microenvironment is a diverse and complex ecosystem. Tumor-immune cell infiltration (ICI) may influence immune escape and immunotherapeutic responses. However, the relationship between immune cell infiltrations, immune escape, and immunotherapy in cervical cancer has not been fully clarified. Here, Principal component analysis (PCA) and Tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) were applied to calculate individual ICI scores and probabilities of immune escape, respectively. Through the IMvigor210 and the Cancer Immunome Atlas (TCIA) datasets, we validated the different responses to immunotherapy in two subgroups of patients. Furthermore, therapeutic benefits of different patients were predicted by the pRRophetic package. We found that patients with high ICI scores were prone to immune escape due to the activated JAK-STAT signaling pathway, along with lower CD8+ T cells. High ICI scores patients could benefit more from anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy, and individuals with low scores may be better candidates for the anti-CTLA-4 treatment. Combinations of immunotherapies with targeted inhibitors may improve clinical efficacy and reduce the risk of tumor recurrence. The ICI model not only helps us enhance the cognition of immune escape, but also guides the application of immunotherapy in cervical cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuxing Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Immunization and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingzhi Shen
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Immunization and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Immunization and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaping Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Immunization and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuejiao Pan
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Immunization and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Liang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Immunization and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hu Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Immunization and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
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19
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Zhao D, Zhang J, Zhang L, Wu Q, Wang Y, Zhang W, Xiao Y, Chen J, Zhan Q. PAFR/Stat3 axis maintains the symbiotic ecosystem between tumor and stroma to facilitate tumor malignancy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:694-708. [PMID: 36873192 PMCID: PMC9978919 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroma surrounding the tumor cells plays crucial roles for tumor progression. However, little is known about the factors that maintain the symbiosis between stroma and tumor cells. In this study, we found that the transcriptional regulator-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) was frequently activated in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which was a potent facilitator of tumor malignancy, and formed forward feedback loop with platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR) both in CAFs and tumor cells. Importantly, PAFR/Stat3 axis connected intercellular signaling crosstalk between CAFs and cancer cells and drove mutual transcriptional programming of these two types of cells. Two central Stat3-related cytokine signaling molecules-interleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-11 played the critical role in the process of PAFR/Stat3 axis-mediated communication between tumor and CAFs. Pharmacological inhibition of PAFR and Stat3 activities effectively reduced tumor progression using CAFs/tumor co-culture xenograft model. Our study reveals that PAFR/Stat3 axis enhances the interaction between tumor and its associated stroma and suggests that targeting this axis can be an effective therapeutic strategy against tumor malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
- Research Unit of Molecular Cancer Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Lingyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Qingnan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
- Research Unit of Molecular Cancer Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
- Research Unit of Molecular Cancer Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Weimin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
- Research Unit of Molecular Cancer Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Yuanfan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
- Research Unit of Molecular Cancer Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing 100191, China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Qimin Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
- Research Unit of Molecular Cancer Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Beijing 100191, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
- Corresponding authors.
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20
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Tang S, Kapoor E, Ding L, Yu A, Tang W, Hang Y, Smith LM, Sil D, Oupický D. Effect of tocopherol conjugation on polycation-mediated siRNA delivery to orthotopic pancreatic tumors. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 145:213236. [PMID: 36512927 PMCID: PMC9852068 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive form of cancer with a five-year survival rate of around 10 %. CXCR4 and STAT3 display crucial effects on proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis, and formation of immunosuppressive microenvironment in pancreatic tumors. Here, we have tested the hypothesis that conjugation of α-tocopherol (TOC) to a polycation (PAMD), synthesized from CXCR4-antagonist AMD3100, will improve delivery of therapeutic siRNA to silence STAT3 in PDAC tumors. PAMD-TOC/siSTAT3 nanoparticles showed superior anti-cancer and anti-migration performance compared to the parent PAMD/siSTAT3 nanoparticles in both murine and human PDAC cell lines. The biodistribution of the nanoparticles in orthotropic mouse KPC8060 and human PANC-1 models, indicated that tumor accumulation of PAMD-TOC/siRNA nanoparticles was improved greatly as compared to PAMD/siRNA nanoparticles. This improved cellular uptake, penetration, and tumor accumulation of PAMD-TOC/siSTAT3 nanoparticles, also contributed to the suppression of tumor growth, metastasis and improved survival. Overall, this study presents a prospective treatment strategy for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Tang
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Ekta Kapoor
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Ling Ding
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Ao Yu
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Weimin Tang
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Yu Hang
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Lynette M Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Diptesh Sil
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - David Oupický
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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Yamamoto K. [Molecular Mechanism-based Prediction of Interstitial Lung Disease Development Causedby Molecular Targeted Drugs: Association between Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 and Mammalian Target of Rapamycin inhibitor-induced Interstitial Lung Disease]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2023; 143:911-916. [PMID: 37914338 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.23-00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a serious adverse event common to many molecular targeted anticancer drugs. The development of ILD significantly reduces the QOL of patients and results in treatment discontinuation. Because the development of ILD is also associated with therapeutic efficacy, the establishment of prediction strategies for ILD is important. We have focused on signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) as an important mechanistic factor in ILD induced by molecular targeted drugs. Our study aimed to establish mechanism-based ILD prediction strategies; therefore, we investigated the hypothesis that a genetic polymorphism in STAT3 is a predictive factor of the incidence of ILD induced by mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, a class of molecular targeted drugs associated with a higher incidence of ILD. Our clinical study clearly demonstrated that the rate of ILD induced by mTOR inhibitors was significantly higher in patients with the G allele homozygous genotype of STAT3 -1697C>G compared with those with other genotypes. The cumulative incidence of ILD in patients with the G allele homozygous genotype was significantly higher compared with that in patients carrying other genotypes. Furthermore, our in vitro study indicated that the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a pre-process of tissue fibrosis, was induced by an mTOR inhibitor in lung alveolar epithelial cell lines carrying the G allele homozygous genotype which was associated with a higher risk of ILD. Our study provided a novel predictive strategy for the development of ILD induced by molecular targeted drugs.
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Xia T, Zhang M, Lei W, Yang R, Fu S, Fan Z, Yang Y, Zhang T. Advances in the role of STAT3 in macrophage polarization. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1160719. [PMID: 37081874 PMCID: PMC10110879 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1160719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The physiological processes of cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis are closely related to STAT3, and it has been demonstrated that aberrant STAT3 expression has an impact on the onset and progression of a number of inflammatory immunological disorders, fibrotic diseases, and malignancies. In order to produce the necessary biological effects, macrophages (M0) can be polarized into pro-inflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2) types in response to various microenvironmental stimuli. STAT3 signaling is involved in macrophage polarization, and the research of the effect of STAT3 on macrophage polarization has gained attention in recent years. In order to provide references for the treatment and investigation of disorders related to macrophage polarization, this review compiles the pertinent signaling pathways associated with STAT3 and macrophage polarization from many fundamental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Xia
- Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Wei Lei
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Ruilin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Shengping Fu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhenhai Fan
- Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- The Clinical Stem Cell Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering of Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- The Clinical Stem Cell Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- *Correspondence: Tao Zhang,
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Xia Q, Shen J, Wang Q, Ke Y, Yan Q, Li H, Zhang D, Duan S. LINC00324 in cancer: Regulatory and therapeutic implications. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1039366. [PMID: 36620587 PMCID: PMC9815511 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1039366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
LINC00324 is a 2082 bp intergenic noncoding RNA. Aberrant expression of LINC00324 was associated with the risk of 11 tumors and was closely associated with clinicopathological features and prognostic levels of 7 tumors. LINC00324 can sponge multiple miRNAs to form complex ceRNA networks, and can also recruit transcription factors and bind RNA-binding protein HuR, thereby regulating the expression of a number of downstream protein-coding genes. LINC00324 is involved in 4 signaling pathways, including the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, cell cycle regulatory pathway, Notch signaling pathway, and Jak/STAT3 signaling pathway. High expression of LINC00324 was associated with larger tumors, a higher degree of metastasis, a higher TNM stage and clinical stage, and shorter OS. Currently, four downstream genes in the LINC00324 network have targeted drugs. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms and clinical value of LINC00324 in tumors and discuss future directions and challenges for LINC00324 research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xia
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang University City College School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinze Shen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang University City College School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qurui Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang University City College School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yufei Ke
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang University City College School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qibin Yan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang University City College School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hanbing Li
- College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dayong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang University City College School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,*Correspondence: Dayong Zhang, ; Shiwei Duan,
| | - Shiwei Duan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang University City College School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,*Correspondence: Dayong Zhang, ; Shiwei Duan,
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Dong S, Li W, Li X, Wang Z, Chen Z, Shi H, He R, Chen C, Zhou W. Glucose metabolism and tumour microenvironment in pancreatic cancer: A key link in cancer progression. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1038650. [PMID: 36578477 PMCID: PMC9792100 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1038650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Early and accurate diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer (PC) remain challenging endeavors globally. Late diagnosis lag, high invasiveness, chemical resistance, and poor prognosis are unresolved issues of PC. The concept of metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer cells. Increasing evidence shows that PC cells alter metabolic processes such as glucose, amino acids, and lipids metabolism and require continuous nutrition for survival, proliferation, and invasion. Glucose metabolism, in particular, regulates the tumour microenvironment (TME). Furthermore, the link between glucose metabolism and TME also plays an important role in the targeted therapy, chemoresistance, radiotherapy ineffectiveness, and immunosuppression of PC. Altered metabolism with the TME has emerged as a key mechanism regulating PC progression. This review shed light on the relationship between TME, glucose metabolism, and various aspects of PC. The findings of this study provide a new direction in the development of PC therapy targeting the metabolism of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Dong
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wancheng Li
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xin Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhengfeng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhou Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huaqing Shi
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ru He
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chen Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wence Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China,*Correspondence: Wence Zhou,
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25
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LIU X, WANG X. Recent advances on the structural modification of parthenolide and its derivatives as anticancer agents. Chin J Nat Med 2022; 20:814-829. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(22)60238-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Yadav N, Singh D, Rawat M, Sangwan N. Novel archetype in cancer therapeutics: exploring prospective of phytonanocarriers. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:324. [PMID: 36276448 PMCID: PMC9569404 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03372-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reports various types of cancer, their incidence, and prevalence all over the globe. Along with the discovery of novel natural drugs for cancer treatment, these present a promising option which are eco-friendly, safe, and provide better acceptability in comparison to synthetic agents that carries multiple side effects. This paper provides an idea about various nanocarriers and phytochemicals, along with how their solubility and bioavailability can be enhanced in nanocarrier system. This report combines the data from various literature available on public domain including PubMed on research articles, reviews, and along with report from various national and international sites. Specialized metabolites (polyphenols, alkaloids, and steroids etc) from medicinal plants are promising alternatives to existing drugs. Studies have suggested that the treatment of cancer using plant products could be an alternative and a safe option. Studies have shown with the several cell lines as well as animal models, that phytomolecules are important in preventing/treating cancer. Phytochemicals often outperform chemical treatments by modulating a diverse array of cellular signaling pathways, promoting cell cycle arrest, apoptosis activation, and metastatic suppression, among others. However, limited water solubility, bioavailability, and cell penetration limit their potential clinical manifestations. The development of plant extract loaded nanostructures, rendering improved specificity and efficacy at lower concentrations could prove effective. Nanocarriers, such as liposomes, nanostructured lipids, polymers, and metal nanoparticles, have been tested for the delivery of plant products with enhanced effects. Recent advances have achieved improvement in the the stability, solubility, bioavailability, circulation time, and target specificity by nanostructure-mediated delivery of phytochemicals. Nanoparticles have been considered and attempted as a novel, targeted, and safe option. Newer approaches such as phyto-nanocarriers with carbohydrates, lignin, and polymers have been considered even more selective and effective modes of drug delivery in biomedical or diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Interdisciplinary and Applied Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031 India
| | - Deependra Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010 India
| | - Manju Rawat
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010 India
| | - Neelam Sangwan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Interdisciplinary and Applied Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031 India
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Zhao J, Lin Z, Ying P, Zhao Z, Yang H, Qian J, Gong Y, Zhou Y, Dai Y, Jiao Y, Zhu W, Wang H, Tang L. circSMAD4 promotes experimental colitis and impairs intestinal barrier functions by targeting JAK2 through sponging miR-135a-5p. J Crohns Colitis 2022; 17:593-613. [PMID: 36239525 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have explored the association between circular RNAs (circRNAs) and Crohn's disease (CD). However, the pathological role, biological functions, and molecular mechanisms of circRNAs in CD have not been fully elucidated. METHODS The circRNA microarray analysis was performed to identify deregulated circRNAs in colon tissues. The identified circRNA were verified through quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). In vivo and in vitro functional studies were performed to verify the role of circSMAD4 in CD and investigate the mechanisms involved. RESULTS We found that circSMAD4 was the most significantly upregulated circRNA. The expression level of circSMAD4 was positively correlated with levels of inflammatory factors. Overexpression of circSMAD4 impaired tight junction (TJ) proteins and enhanced apoptosis of epithelial cells. These effects were reversed by treatment with miR-135a-5p mimic. Mechanistic studies showed that circSMAD4 exerts its effects on CD by "sponging" miR-135a-5p to regulate Janus kinase 2 (JAK2). Si-circSMAD4 delivery through microspheres ameliorated experimental colitis and protected the intestinal barrier function in IL-10 knock-out mice. CONCLUSION This study shows that circSMAD4 regulates the progression of experimental colitis via the miR-135a-5p/JAK2 signaling axis and it may be a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and and Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Zhiliang Lin
- Department of Colorectal Disease, Intestinal Microenvironment Treatment Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University
| | - Pu Ying
- Department of Orthopedics, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Zhibin Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University
| | - Haojun Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Jun Qian
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Yu Gong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and and Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Yi Dai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Yuwen Jiao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Weiming Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University
| | - Honggang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University
| | - Liming Tang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
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Han H, Zhu W, Lin T, Liu C, Zhai H. N4BP3 promotes angiogenesis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by binding with KAT2B. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:3390-3404. [PMID: 35848906 PMCID: PMC9530875 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although angiogenesis is a critical event in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and this process provides the tumor with sufficient oxygen and nutrients, the precise molecular mechanism by which it occurs is not fully understood. NEDD4 binding protein 3 (N4BP3) was identified in this study as a novel pro‐angiogenic factor in HCC cell lines and tissues. We discovered that N4BP3 was significantly expressed in HCC and that its level of expression was positively correlated with the density of tumor microvessels in HCC tissues. Cell biology experiments have shown that N4BP3 knockdown in HCC cells significantly inhibits the formation of complete tubular structures by HUVECs in vitro and HCC angiogenesis in vivo. In HCC cells, overexpression of N4BP3 has the opposite effects. Further cell and molecular biology experiments have revealed that N4BP3 interacts with KAT2B (lysine acetyltransferase 2B), increasing signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) expression by regulating the distribution of acetyl‐histone H3 (Lys27) (H3K27ac) in its promoter region. This, in addition, regulates the activity of the STAT3 signaling pathway, which promotes the proliferation of microvessels in HCC and accelerates the malignant process of the tumor. In vivo experiments in nude mice have confirmed our findings, and also suggested that N4BP3 could be a potential target for the treatment of HCC in combination with sorafenib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hexu Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Xishan People's Hospital Of Wuxi City, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Lin
- Department of Basic Medicine, Jiangsu College of Nursing, Huai'an, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuixia Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hengyong Zhai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Li J, Yin Z, Huang B, Xu K, Su J. Stat3 Signaling Pathway: A Future Therapeutic Target for Bone-Related Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:897539. [PMID: 35548357 PMCID: PMC9081430 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.897539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) is activated by phosphorylation and translocated to the nucleus to participate in the transcriptional regulation of DNA. Increasing evidences point that aberrant activation or deletion of the Stat3 plays a critical role in a broad range of pathological processes including immune escape, tumorigenesis, and inflammation. In the bone microenvironment, Stat3 acts as a common downstream response protein for multiple cytokines and is engaged in the modulation of cellular proliferation and intercellular interactions. Stat3 has direct impacts on disease progression by regulating mesenchymal stem cells differentiation, osteoclast activation, macrophage polarization, angiogenesis, and cartilage degradation. Here, we describe the theoretical basis and key roles of Stat3 in different bone-related diseases in combination with in vitro experiments and animal models. Then, we summarize and categorize the drugs that target Stat3, providing potential therapeutic strategies for their use in bone-related diseases. In conclusion, Stat3 could be a future target for bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadong Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhifeng Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Biaotong Huang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Biaotong Huang, ; Ke Xu, ; Jiacan Su,
| | - Ke Xu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Biaotong Huang, ; Ke Xu, ; Jiacan Su,
| | - Jiacan Su
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Biaotong Huang, ; Ke Xu, ; Jiacan Su,
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Song K, Ma J, Gao Y, Qu Y, Ren C, Yan P, Zheng B, Yue B. Knocking down Siglec-15 in osteosarcoma cells inhibits proliferation while promoting apoptosis and pyroptosis by targeting the Siglec-15/STAT3/Bcl-2 pathway. Adv Med Sci 2022; 67:187-195. [PMID: 35398779 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sialic acid-bound immunoglobulin lectin 15 (Siglec-15) plays a crucial role in many kinds of tumors. The relationship between Siglec-15 and the prognosis of osteosarcoma patients and its role in the apoptosis and pyroptosis of osteosarcoma cells are not sufficiently understood. Our study aimed to investigate the function of Siglec-15 in osteosarcoma cells and its effect on tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis and pyroptosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Siglec-15 expression in pathological sections of osteosarcoma patients was analyzed and the overall survival time related to the expression of Siglec-15 was further analyzed. Next, we detected the expression of Siglec-15 in osteosarcoma cells and downregulated the expression of Siglec-15 by small interfering RNA (siRNA). The proliferation, apoptosis and pyroptosis of osteosarcoma cells were studied by proliferation and apoptosis kits and Western blotting. Furthermore, the Siglec-15 signaling pathway was examined, which may be involved in the observed cellular effects. RESULTS We demonstrated the expression of Siglec-15 in osteosarcoma cells. SiRNA-mediated downregulation of Siglec-15 was successful. We found that knockdown of Siglec-15 in osteosarcoma cell lines significantly inhibited proliferation while promoting apoptosis. Further investigation showed that the expression of proliferation-related proteins was downregulated and that apoptosis- and pyroptosis-related proteins were upregulated. In addition, we found that Siglec-15 may inhibit proliferation while inducing apoptosis and pyroptosis via the (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3) STAT3/Bcl-2 pathway in osteosarcoma. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we demonstrated that the ablation of Siglec-15 in osteosarcoma inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis and pyroptosis by targeting the Siglec-15/STAT3/Bcl-2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keliang Song
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China; Qingdao Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfeng Ma
- Qingdao Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China; Department of Spinal Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Gao
- Medical Department, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Qu
- Industrial Investment Department, Haier, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongmin Ren
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China; Qingdao Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Yan
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China; Qingdao Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingxin Zheng
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China; Qingdao Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bin Yue
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China; Qingdao Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
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Resveratrol exerts antiproliferative effects on high-glucose-cultured vascular smooth muscle cells via inhibition of STAT3 and upregulation of mitochondrial gene GRIM-19 which is responsible for STAT3 activation. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-021-00963-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Wang H, Man Q, Huo F, Gao X, Lin H, Li S, Wang J, Su F, Cai, L, Shi Y, Liu, B, Bu L. STAT3 pathway in cancers: Past, present, and future. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e124. [PMID: 35356799 PMCID: PMC8942302 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), a member of the STAT family, discovered in the cytoplasm of almost all types of mammalian cells, plays a significant role in biological functions. The duration of STAT3 activation in normal tissues is a transient event and is strictly regulated. However, in cancer tissues, STAT3 is activated in an aberrant manner and is induced by certain cytokines. The continuous activation of STAT3 regulates the expression of downstream proteins associated with the formation, progression, and metastasis of cancers. Thus, elucidating the mechanisms of STAT3 regulation and designing inhibitors targeting the STAT3 pathway are considered promising strategies for cancer treatment. This review aims to introduce the history, research advances, and prospects concerning the STAT3 pathway in cancer. We review the mechanisms of STAT3 pathway regulation and the consequent cancer hallmarks associated with tumor biology that are induced by the STAT3 pathway. Moreover, we summarize the emerging development of inhibitors that target the STAT3 pathway and novel drug delivery systems for delivering these inhibitors. The barriers against targeting the STAT3 pathway, the focus of future research on promising targets in the STAT3 pathway, and our perspective on the overall utility of STAT3 pathway inhibitors in cancer treatment are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han‐Qi Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Qi‐Wen Man
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Head Neck Oncology School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Fang‐Yi Huo
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Xin Gao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Hao Lin
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Su‐Ran Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Jing Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Fu‐Chuan Su
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Lulu Cai,
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Department of Pharmacy School of Medicine Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China
| | - Yi Shi
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study and Department of Laboratory Medicine Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China
| | - Bing Liu,
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Head Neck Oncology School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Lin‐Lin Bu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Head Neck Oncology School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China
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Inhibition of STAT3 Y705 phosphorylation by Stattic suppresses proliferation and induces mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:116. [PMID: 35288541 PMCID: PMC8921333 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00922-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Patients with pancreatic cancer (PC) show dismal prognosis and high mortality. The development of PC is associated with the overactivation of STAT3. Here, we have determined that the non-peptide small molecule Stattic inhibits PC development by targeting STAT3. In vitro, Stattic treatment time- and dose-dependently inhibited proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells (PCCs) by reducing c-Myc expression and enhancing p53 activity. Consequently, p-Rb, cyclin D1, Chk1, and p21 (cell cycle proteins) were downregulated, and PCCs were arrested at the G1 phase, which was also confirmed by decreased Ki67 expression and unaltered PCNA expression. In addition, Stattic-induced mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis by elevating cleaved caspase-3, and Bax, cytochrome C levels, while reducing expression of Bcl-2, which may be regulated by reduced survivin expression. Further studies showed that Stattic exerts its anti-tumor effect via inhibition of STAT3Y705 phosphorylation and nuclear localization in PCCs. In a nude mouse tumorigenesis model, Stattic inhibited PC growth by antagonizing STAT3Y705 phosphorylation. Interleukin-6 used as a molecule agonist to activate STAT3, as well as overexpression of STAT3, could partially reverse Stattic-mediated anti-proliferation and pro-apoptotic effects of PCCs. Thus, these findings indicate that inhibition of STAT3Y705 phosphorylation by Stattic suppresses PCC proliferation and promotes mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis.
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Araki T, Watanabe Y, Okada Y, Murakami H, Ogo N, Asai A. Identification of serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 as a regulator of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling. Exp Cell Res 2022; 413:113079. [PMID: 35202674 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) plays key roles in cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and immunosuppression. In many human cancer cells, STAT3 is hyperactivated, which leads to tumor progression and drug resistance, and therefore STAT3 and its modulators are considered effective drug targets. However, the complex regulatory mechanisms of STAT3 have made it difficult to develop potent anticancer drugs that suppress its activity. Here, we report serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (SGK1) as a novel regulator of STAT3 signaling and an effective target for combination therapy with Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors. We screened small molecules using a gain-of-function mutant of STAT3 resistant to JAK inhibition and found that an SGK1 inhibitor suppressed the constitutive activation of STAT3. Importantly, our results revealed that SGK1 also mediated the activation of wild-type STAT3. Further examination suggested that the tuberous sclerosis complex 2 and mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway were involved in STAT3 activation by SGK1. Finally, we demonstrated that SGK1 inhibition enhanced the inhibitory effect of a JAK inhibitor on STAT3 phosphorylation and cancer cell proliferation. Our findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of STAT3 activation and suggest SGK1 as a potential target for STAT3-targeted combination cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Araki
- Center for Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan; Discovery Technology Laboratories, Sohyaku. Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Muraoka-Higashi, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuuki Watanabe
- Center for Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan; Public Affairs and Policy Department, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Okada
- Sohyaku Project Planning & Management Department, Sohyaku Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisashi Murakami
- Center for Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Naohisa Ogo
- Center for Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Asai
- Center for Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan.
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Li L, Zhang J, Peng H, Jiang X, Liu Z, Tian H, Hou S, Xie X, Peng Q, Zhou T. Knockdown of miR-92a suppresses the stemness of colorectal cancer cells via mediating SOCS3. Bioengineered 2022; 13:5613-5624. [PMID: 35184640 PMCID: PMC8974062 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2022267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
MiRNAs (microRNAs) participate in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression and act as potential biomarkers for CRC prognosis. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of microRNA-92a (miR-92a) in CRC. Expressions of miR-92a and SOCS3 (Suppressor Of Cytokine Signaling 3) were investigated by qRT-PCR in CRC cell lines and 30 cases of CRC. The self-renewal capacity and proliferation of CRC stem cells were estimated by the sphere formation assay, EdU staining, and Flow cytometry analysis. Moreover, the interplay between miR-92a and SOCS3 in CRC cells was validated by luciferase reporter experiments. MiR-92a was found to be remarkably increased while SOCS3 was significantly downregulated in CRC tissues. Inhibition of miR-92a or SOCS3 attenuated the sphere formation capacity, decreased expressions of stemness-related proteins, and inhibited the proliferation of cancer stem-like cells. Knockdown of SOCS3 reversed the repressive impacts of miR-92a inhibitors on self-renewal and growth of CRC cancer stem cells. This study suggested that miR-92a functions as an oncogene of CRC through mediating the stemness of colorectal cancer cells by directly binding and repressing SOCS3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifa Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Research, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingxiao Zhang
- Department of Medica, The Second Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Peng
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, the Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Xianhong Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Research, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Zuoliang Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Research, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongpeng Tian
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Research, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Songlin Hou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Research, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Xingjiang Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Research, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiang Peng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Research, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, The Second Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan, China
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Rahimmanesh I, Shariati L, Dana N, Esmaeili Y, Vaseghi G, Haghjooy Javanmard S. Cancer Occurrence as the Upcoming Complications of COVID-19. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 8:813175. [PMID: 35155571 PMCID: PMC8831861 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.813175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies suggested that patients with comorbidities including cancer had a higher risk of mortality or developing more severe forms of COVID-19. The interaction of cancer and COVID-19 is unrecognized and potential long-term effects of COVID-19 on cancer outcome remain to be explored. Furthermore, whether COVID‐19 increases the risk of cancer in those without previous history of malignancies, has not yet been studied. Cancer progression, recurrence and metastasis depend on the complex interaction between the tumor and the host inflammatory response. Extreme proinflammatory cytokine release (cytokine storm) and multi‐organ failure are hallmarks of severe COVID‐19. Besides impaired T-Cell response, elevated levels of cytokines, growth factors and also chemokines in the plasma of patients in the acute phase of COVID-19 as well as tissue damage and chronic low‐grade inflammation in “long COVID‐19” syndrome may facilitate cancer progression and recurrence. Following a systemic inflammatory response syndrome, some counterbalancing compensatory anti-inflammatory mechanisms will be activated to restore immune homeostasis. On the other hand, there remains the possibility of the integration of SARS- CoV-2 into the host genome, which potentially may cause cancer. These mechanisms have also been shown to be implicated in both tumorigenesis and metastasis. In this review, we are going to focus on potential mechanisms and the molecular interplay, which connect COVID-19, inflammation, and immune-mediated tumor progression that may propose a framework to understand the possible role of COVID-19 infection in tumorgenesis and cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilnaz Rahimmanesh
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Laleh Shariati
- Department of Biomaterials, Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Cancer Prevention Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nasim Dana
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Yasaman Esmaeili
- Biosensor Research Center, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Golnaz Vaseghi
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- *Correspondence: Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard,
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Liensinine Inhibits Osteosarcoma Growth by ROS-Mediated Suppression of the JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:8245614. [PMID: 35116094 PMCID: PMC8807040 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8245614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignancy of bone. Liensinine exerts antitumor effects on cancers of the colon, breast, and gallbladder. However, its antitumor activity in OS remains unclear. This study is aimed at investigating the efficacy of liensinine against OS and the underlying mechanism of action. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cycle arrest in OS were detected using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation, and flow cytometry assays, respectively. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH) and glutathione disulfide (GSSG) concentrations, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) of OS cells were measured by flow cytometry, colorimetry, and JC-1 staining. The expressions of factors related to apoptosis, cell cycle, and activation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway were determined by Western blotting. To examine the potential role of ROS, an antioxidant (N-acetyl cysteine, NAC) was used in combination with liensinine. In vivo, we generated a xenograft mouse model to assess its antitumor efficacy. Tissue level expressions of factors related to apoptosis and activation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway were assessed by immunohistochemistry or Western blotting. Liensinine inhibited the proliferation and induced G0/G1 phase arrest and apoptosis of OS cells in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, liensinine promoted intracellular ROS production, enhanced the GSSG/GSH ratio, and induced MMP loss and ROS-mediated suppression of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. NAC significantly attenuated the liensinine-induced antitumor activities and activated the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. In vivo, liensinine effectively inhibited the OS growth and promoted apoptosis; however, it had no negative effect on the internal organs. In conclusion, liensinine-induced ROS production could suppress the activation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway and inhibit the OS growth both in vivo and in vitro. Our findings provided a new rationale for subsequent academic and clinical research on OS treatment.
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Yamamoto K, Ioroi T, Shinomiya K, Yoshida A, Harada K, Fujisawa M, Omura T, Ikemi Y, Nakagawa S, Yonezawa A, Ogawa O, Matsubara K, Iwamoto T, Nishikawa K, Hayashi S, Tohara D, Murakami Y, Motoshima T, Jono H, Yano I. STAT3 polymorphism associates with mTOR inhibitor-induced interstitial lung disease in patients with renal cell carcinoma. Oncol Res 2022; 29:11-23. [PMID: 35016744 PMCID: PMC9110706 DOI: 10.3727/096504022x16418911579334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the association of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) polymorphisms with the incidence of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor-induced interstitial lung disease (ILD) in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We also used lung-derived cell lines to investigate the mechanisms of this association. Japanese patients with metastatic RCC who were treated with mTOR inhibitors were genotyped for the STAT3 polymorphism, rs4796793 (−1697C/G). We evaluated the association of the STAT3 genotype with the incidence of ILD and therapeutic outcome. In the 57 patients included in the primary analysis, the ILD rate within 140 days was significantly higher in patients with the GG genotype compared with those with other genotypes (77.8% vs. 23.1%, odds ratio = 11.67, 95% confidential interval = 3.06–44.46). There were no significant differences in progression-free survival or time-to-treatment failure between the patients with the GG genotype and those with other genotypes. An in vitro study demonstrated that some lung-derived cell lines carrying the GG genotype exhibited an increase in the expression of mesenchymal markers, such as fibronectin, N-cadherin, and vimentin, and decreases in E-cadherin, which is an epithelial marker associated with exposure to everolimus, although STAT3 expression and activity were not related to the genotype. In conclusion, the GG genotype of the STAT3 rs4796793 polymorphism increases the risk of mTOR inhibitor-induced ILD, supporting its use as a predictive marker for RCC.
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Xu P, Wang H, Pan H, Chen J, Deng C. Anlotinib combined with temozolomide suppresses glioblastoma growth via mediation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2022; 89:183-196. [PMID: 34997858 PMCID: PMC8807469 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-021-04380-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Anlotinib protects against carcinogenesis through the induction of autophagy and apoptosis. The current study evaluated the role and molecular mechanisms of anlotinib in glioblastoma, and the effects of anlotinib in combination with temozolomide (TMZ). Methods Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony-forming assays were used to evaluate cell viability. Cell migration and invasion were assessed by wound-healing, Transwell migration, and Matrigel invasion assays. Cellular apoptosis and cell cycle analysis were determined by flow cytometry. Angiogenesis was assessed using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Protein expression was determined by western blotting or immunofluorescence staining. The in vivo anti-glioblastoma effect was assessed with live imaging of tumor xenografts in nude mice. Results Anlotinib restricted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioblastoma cells in a dose-dependent manner. Tumor supernatant from glioblastoma cells treated with anlotinib inhibited angiogenesis in HUVECs. Anlotinib induced autophagy in glioblastoma cells by increasing Beclin-1 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B (LC3B) levels. Mechanistically, anlotinib inhibited the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)/VEGFA signaling pathway. STAT3 inhibition by S3I-201 decreased VEGFA and suppressed cellular proliferation and movement. TMZ enhanced the anti-glioblastoma ability of anlotinib. Finally, anlotinib inhibited tumor growth and JAK2/STAT3/VEGFA signaling in xenografts. Conclusion Anlotinib exerts anti-glioblastoma activity possibly through the JAK2/STAT3/VEGFA signaling pathway. TMZ potentiated the anti-glioblastoma effect of anlotinib via the same signaling pathway, indicating the potential application of anlotinib as a treatment option for glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Handong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hao Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jiakai Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chulei Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, 210002, China
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Sun L, Ding S, Luo Q, Wang P, Yang X, Wu L, Chen Y, Zheng X, Zhang H, Yuan L, Ruan S, Xie C. Taxus wallichiana var. chinensis (Pilg.) Florin Aqueous Extract Suppresses the Proliferation and Metastasis in Lung Carcinoma via JAK/STAT3 Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:736442. [PMID: 34867344 PMCID: PMC8635059 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.736442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the most common neoplasms globally, lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Recurrence and metastasis negatively influencing therapeutic efficacy and overall survival demand new strategies in LC treatment. The advantages of TCM are increasingly highlighted. In this study, we obtained the major chemical components and their ratios in the aqueous extract of Taxus wallichiana var. chinensis (Pilg.) Florin (AETW) by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS/MS detection. The CCK-8 assay revealed that AETW could selectively inhibit the growth of A549 and HCC827 cells in a dose-dependent manner with little effect on normal human lung cells. Moreover, both in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that AETW was able to suppress the capacities of cell migration and invasion and downregulate the EMT and the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway. To further probe into the molecular mechanism, the overexpression of STAT3 was performed into LC cells with AETW treatment, which counteracted the inhibitory effect on malignant behaviors of A549 and HCC827 cells with the decline in the expressions of p-JAK and p-STAT3. Taken together, we propose that AETW may inhibit the proliferation and metastasis by inactivating the JAK/STAT3 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leitao Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuning Ding
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Luo
- Qingbo Community Health Service Center of Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peipei Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linqin Wu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yangfan Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueer Zheng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Yuan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shanming Ruan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Changsheng Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
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Kfoury Y, Baryawno N, Severe N, Mei S, Gustafsson K, Hirz T, Brouse T, Scadden EW, Igolkina AA, Kokkaliaris K, Choi BD, Barkas N, Randolph MA, Shin JH, Saylor PJ, Scadden DT, Sykes DB, Kharchenko PV. Human prostate cancer bone metastases have an actionable immunosuppressive microenvironment. Cancer Cell 2021; 39:1464-1478.e8. [PMID: 34719426 PMCID: PMC8578470 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bone metastases are devastating complications of cancer. They are particularly common in prostate cancer (PCa), represent incurable disease, and are refractory to immunotherapy. We seek to define distinct features of the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment by analyzing single cells from bone metastatic prostate tumors, involved BM, uninvolved BM, and BM from cancer-free, orthopedic patients, and healthy individuals. Metastatic PCa is associated with multifaceted immune distortion, specifically exhaustion of distinct T cell subsets, appearance of macrophages with states specific to PCa bone metastases. The chemokine CCL20 is notably overexpressed by myeloid cells, as is its cognate CCR6 receptor on T cells. Disruption of the CCL20-CCR6 axis in mice with syngeneic PCa bone metastases restores T cell reactivity and significantly prolongs animal survival. Comparative high-resolution analysis of PCa bone metastases shows a targeted approach for relieving local immunosuppression for therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youmna Kfoury
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ninib Baryawno
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's Health and Children's, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Nicolas Severe
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Shenglin Mei
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karin Gustafsson
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Taghreed Hirz
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Thomas Brouse
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth W Scadden
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anna A Igolkina
- St. Petersburg Polytechnical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Konstantinos Kokkaliaris
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Bryan D Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nikolas Barkas
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark A Randolph
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John H Shin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Philip J Saylor
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - David T Scadden
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - David B Sykes
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Peter V Kharchenko
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Wu Z, Yan L, Lin J, Ke K, Yang W. Constitutive TDO2 expression promotes liver cancer progression by an autocrine IL-6 signaling pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:538. [PMID: 34657635 PMCID: PMC8522106 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02228-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased tryptophan (Trp) metabolism by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO)/tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) represents one of the most studied pathways for immunosuppression in tumor tissues. However, the pro-tumor effects induced by Trp metabolism remain controversial. METHODS The paraffin sections of tumor tissues were obtained from patients with liver cancer and examined by immunohistochemical staining to investigate the role of Trp metabolic enzymes. To further confirm the pro-tumor effects induced by TDO2, we established TDO2 overexpression SMC-7721 and HepG2 liver cancer cell lines, and western blotting, cell proliferation, and colony formation were evaluated. Meanwhile, liver cancer subcutaneous mice models were established, and the tumorigenic rates of SMC-7721 cells, tumor volume and survival of bearing mice were calculated. In addition, the survival data of liver cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were downloaded to analyze the effect of TDO2 expression on the survival of patients with liver cancer. RESULTS Here, we showed that constitutive TDO2 expression gave rise to liver cancer through upregulation of Trp metabolism. And the TDO2 expression was positively correlated with the poor prognosis in liver cancer patients. TDO2 expression in tumor cells accounted for the release of kynurenine (Kyn), which activated aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) to promote liver cancer cells proliferation. Mechanistically, we found that AhR expression contributed to the secretion of Interleukin-6 (IL-6), thereby promoting tumor cells proliferation through the STAT3 and NF-kB/TIM4 signals. Interrupt of AhR signals by PDM2 revealed improved outcomes in subcutaneous tumor-bearing mice. CONCLUSIONS Together, our study showed that the TDO2/Kyn/AhR/IL-6 signaling pathway was a novel mechanism underlying the malignancy of liver cancer, and suggested that AhR signals might be a valuable therapeutic target for tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengzhong Wu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No 29, Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Leye Yan
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No 29, Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Junqing Lin
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No 29, Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Kun Ke
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No 29, Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Weizhu Yang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No 29, Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China.
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Bai X, Shan F, Qu N, Huang H, Handley M, Griffin N, Zhang S, Cao X. Regulatory role of methionine enkephalin in myeloid-derived suppressor cells and macrophages in human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 99:107996. [PMID: 34311187 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The antitumor effects of methionine enkephalin (MENK), also known as opioid growth factor (OGF), including its inhibitory effects on cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), have been established. In this study, we determined the precise mechanism by which MENK suppresses CSCC cell growth. In particular, MENK induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and promoted apoptosis in CSCC cells via the Bcl-2/Bax/Caspase-3 signaling pathway. Moreover, MENK reduced immunosuppression by downregulating the number of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulating the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages from M2 to M1 in vivo. Furthermore, JAK2/STAT3, an important tumor-promotion and immunosuppression signaling pathway that is involved in MDSC expansion in tumors and macrophage polarization, was inhibited. These findings highlight the potential of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway as a therapeutic target and suggest the clinical application of MENK for CSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueli Bai
- Department of Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 4 Chongshandong Road, Huanggu District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
| | - Fengping Shan
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Na Qu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Mike Handley
- Cytocom Inc., 3001 Aloma Ave., Winter Park, FL 32792, USA
| | - Noreen Griffin
- Cytocom Inc., 3001 Aloma Ave., Winter Park, FL 32792, USA
| | - Shuling Zhang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
| | - Xia Cao
- Department of Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 4 Chongshandong Road, Huanggu District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
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Secreted Factors by Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cells Induce Tumor-Promoting M2-like Macrophage Polarization through a TIM3-Dependent Mechanism. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194821. [PMID: 34638305 PMCID: PMC8507981 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Among the different types of thyroid cancer, anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is one of the most aggressive tumors. Characterized for its undifferentiated cells, it spreads quickly to distant organs and does not respond well to standardized therapy. Therefore, there is a critical need to identify new targets that can be translated into therapeutic approaches. ATCs are heavily infiltrated by Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAMs), and its infiltration density is associated with decreased survival. However, the functional role of TAMs in ATC is still unclear. Our results provide valuable insights into the processes in which soluble factors produced by ATC cells induce M2-like polarization of human monocytes through T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing protein-3 (TIM3). TIM3 in TAMs should now be further evaluated as a possible potential novel target for treating ATC. Abstract Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a highly aggressive type of thyroid cancer (TC). Currently, no effective target treatments are available that can improve overall survival, with ATC representing a major clinical challenge because of its remarkable lethality. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most evident cells in ATCs, and their high density is correlated with a poor prognosis. However, the mechanisms of how TAMs promote ATC progression remain poorly characterized. Here, we demonstrated that the treatment of human monocytes (THP-1 cells) with ATC cell-derived conditioned media (CM) promoted macrophage polarization, showing high levels of M2 markers. Furthermore, we found that STAT3 was activated, and this was correlated with an increased expression and secretion of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6. Remarkably, the M2-like macrophages obtained revealed tumor-promoting activity. A cytokine array analysis demonstrated that M2-like macrophage-derived CM contained high levels of TIM3, which is an important immune regulatory molecule. Consistently, TIM3 expression was up-regulated in THP-1 cells cultured with ATC cell-derived CM. Moreover, TIM3 blockade significantly reversed the polarization of THP-1 cells induced by ATC cell-secreted soluble factors. We validated the clinical significance of the TIM3 in human TC by analyzing public datasets and found that the expression of TIM3 and its ligand galectin 9 was significantly higher in human TC tissue samples than in normal thyroid tissues. Taken together, our findings identified a new mechanism by which TIM3 induces tumor-promoting M2-like macrophage polarization in TC. Furthermore, TIM3 interference might be a potential tool for treatment of patients with ATC.
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Xu L, Qin Y, Liu M, Jiao J, Tu D, Zhang M, Yan D, Song X, Sun C, Zhu F, Wang X, Sang W, Xu K. The Acetyltransferase KAT5 Inhibitor NU 9056 Promotes Apoptosis and Inhibits JAK2/STAT3 Pathway in Extranodal NK/T Cell Lymphoma. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:1530-1540. [PMID: 34503423 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210908103306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma (ENKTL) is an aggressive malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) with a poor prognosis. Therefore, novel therapeutic biomarkers and agents must be identified for the same. KAT5 inhibitor, NU 9056, is a small molecule that can inhibit cellular proliferation; however, its role in ENKTL has not been studied. OBJECTIVE The present study investigated the effect of NU 9056 in ENKTL cells and explored the possible molecular mechanism for its antitumour effect. METHODS The role of NU 9056 in ENKTL cells was investigated through the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, flow cytometry, Western blot, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. RESULTS NU 9056 inhibited ENKTL cell proliferation and induced G2/M phase arrest. NU 9056 also induced apoptosis by upregulating DR4, DR5, and caspase 8 expressions. Additionally, NU 9056 increased the expression of Bax, Bid, and cytochrome C and decreased the expression of Bcl-2, Mcl-1, and XIAP. Furthermore, NU 9056 activated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and inhibited the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway. The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway was also activated by NU 9056, and the ERK signalling pathway was suppressed in natural killer/T cell lymphoma cells. CONCLUSION NU 9056 inhibited cell proliferation, arrested cell cycle in the G2/M phase, and induced apoptosis through the stimulation of ER stress, thus inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway and regulating MAPK pathways in ENKTL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyan Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu. China
| | - Yuanyuan Qin
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu. China
| | - Mengdi Liu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu. China
| | - Jun Jiao
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu. China
| | - Dongyun Tu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu. China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu. China
| | - Dongmei Yan
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu. China
| | - Xuguang Song
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu. China
| | - Cai Sun
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu. China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu. China
| | - Xiangmin Wang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu. China
| | - Wei Sang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu. China
| | - Kailin Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu. China
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Velmurugan BK, Lin JT, Mahalakshmi B, Lin CC, Chuang YC, Lo YS, Ho HY, Hsieh MJ, Chen MK. Dehydrocrenatidine inhibits head and neck cancer cells invasion and migration by modulating JNK1/2 and ERK1/2 pathway and decreases MMP-2 expression. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:1848-1856. [PMID: 34076342 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck cancer is associated with poor prognosis because of its highly metastatic nature. For the better management of head and neck cancer patients, it is very important to diagnose the cancer at an early stage, as well as to prevent the rapid spread of cancer either through direct invasion or lymphatic metastasis. In present study, the effect of dehydrocrenatidine, which is a beta-carboline alkaloid found in the medicinal plant Picrasma quassioides, on human head and neck cancer metastasis was investigated. The study results revealed the treatment of FaDu, SCC9, and SCC47 cells with 5, 10, and 20 μM of dehydrocrenatidine significantly decreased the motility, migration, and invasion of head and neck cancer cells. Moreover, the dehydrocrenatidine treatment significantly decreased the expression of MMP-2 and phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and JNK1/2. Additional experiments revealed that the cotreatment of dehydrocrenatidine with either ERK1/2 or JNK1/2 inhibitor caused further reduction in cancer cell motility and migration compared to that in dehydrocrenatidine treatment alone. Moreover, similar trend was observed in case of ERK1/2 and JNK1/2 phosphorylation and MMP-2 expression after the cotreatment. Taken together, the mechanism by which dehydrocrenatidine can decrease the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and JNK1/2, follow decrease the expression of MMP-2 and inhibits head and neck cancer cells invasion and migration. This present study identifies dehydrocrenatidine as a potent antimetastatic agent that can be used clinically to improve head and neck cancer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jen-Tsun Lin
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Post Baccalaureate Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - B Mahalakshmi
- Department of Research and Development, Vels Publishers, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Chia-Chieh Lin
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Chuang
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Lo
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yu Ho
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Post Baccalaureate Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Kuan Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
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Guo HH, Jing XY, Chen H, Xu HX, Zhu BM. STAT3 but Not STAT5 Contributes to the Protective Effect of Electroacupuncture Against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:649654. [PMID: 34307396 PMCID: PMC8299366 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.649654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroacupuncture (EA) can help reduce infarct size and injury resulting from myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R); however, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown. We previously reported that STAT5 plays a critical role in the cardioprotective effect of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC). Here, we assessed the effects of electroacupuncture pretreatment (EAP) on myocardial I/R injury in the presence and/or absence of Stat5 in mice and investigated whether EAP exerts its cardioprotective effects in a STAT5-dependent manner. Adult Stat5fl/fl and Stat5-cKO mice were exposed to EAP at Neiguan (PC6) for 7 days before the induction of I/R injury by left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery ligation. The myocardial infarct size (IS), area at risk, and apoptotic rate of cardiomyocytes were detected. RT-qPCR and western blotting were used to measure gene and protein expression, respectively, in homogenized heart tissues. RNA-seq was used to identify candidate genes and pathways. Our results showed that EAP decreased IS and the rate of cardiomyocyte apoptosis. We further found that STAT5 was activated by EAP in Stat5fl/fl mice but not in Stat5-cKO mice, whereas the opposite was observed for STAT3. Following EAP, the levels of the antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-xL, Bcl-2, and p-AKT were increased in the presence of Stat5, while that of interleukin 10 (IL-10) was increased in both Stat5fl/fl and Stat5-cKO. The gene expression profile in heart tissues was different between Stat5fl/fl and the Stat5-cKO mice with EAP. Importantly, the top 30 DEGs under EAP in the Stat5-cKO mice were enriched in the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway. Our results revealed for the first time that the protective effect of EAP following myocardial I/R injury was attributable to, but not dependent on, STAT5. Additionally, we found that EAP could activate STAT3 signaling in the absence of the Stat5 gene, and could also activate antiapoptotic, survival, and anti-inflammatory signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin-Yue Jing
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, YE DA Hospital of Yantai, Yantai, China
| | - Hou-Xi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bing-Mei Zhu
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Huang F, Wang X, Xiao G, Xiao J. Loganin exerts a protective effect on ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury by regulating JAK2/STAT3 and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways. Drug Dev Res 2021; 83:150-157. [PMID: 34189758 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the role of loganin in hypoxia/reperfusion (H/R)-induced renal tubular epithelial cells and ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Cells were received H/R treatment and cultured with different concentrations of loganin. The cell activity and apoptosis were detected. The expressions of apoptosis-related proteins, inflammatory factors, oxidative stress related molecules, and related molecules of JAK2/STAT3 and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways were measured. AKI model of mice was established by I/R procedure, and the kidney was collected for hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. H/R treatment inhibited cell activity and apoptosis, but loganin attenuated the effect of H/R. Moreover, loganin inhibited H/R-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress in tubular epithelial cells. Loganin down-regulated the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, suppressed JAK2/STAT3 pathway, and activated Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. In animal experiment, loganin reduced tubular injury in AKI mice.Loganin had anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative stress effects on H/R-induced tubular epithelial cells, and could improve AKI in mice induced by I/R. This effect might be achieved by inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 and activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Huang
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Jianshi County, Enshi Autonomous, Hubei, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi Autonomous, Hubei, China
| | - Guifang Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Jianshi County, Enshi Autonomous, Hubei, China
| | - Juan Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, People's Hospital of Jianshi County, Enshi Autonomous, Hubei, China
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Dzobo K, Dandara C. Architecture of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Tumor Microenvironment: Mapping Their Origins, Heterogeneity, and Role in Cancer Therapy Resistance. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2021; 24:314-339. [PMID: 32496970 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2020.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The tumor stroma, a key component of the tumor microenvironment (TME), is a key determinant of response and resistance to cancer treatment. The stromal cells, extracellular matrix (ECM), and blood vessels influence cancer cell response to therapy and play key roles in tumor relapse and therapeutic outcomes. Of the stromal cells present in the TME, much attention has been given to cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) as they are the most abundant and important in cancer initiation, progression, and therapy resistance. Besides releasing several factors, CAFs also synthesize the ECM, a key component of the tumor stroma. In this expert review, we examine the role of CAFs in the regulation of tumor cell behavior and reveal how CAF-derived factors and signaling influence tumor cell heterogeneity and development of novel strategies to combat cancer. Importantly, CAFs display both phenotypic and functional heterogeneity, with significant ramifications on CAF-directed therapies. Principal anti-cancer therapies targeting CAFs take the form of: (1) CAFs' ablation through use of immunotherapies, (2) re-education of CAFs to normalize the cells, (3) cellular therapies involving CAFs delivering drugs such as oncolytic adenoviruses, and (4) stromal depletion via targeting the ECM and its related signaling. The CAFs' heterogeneity could be a result of different cellular origins and the cancer-specific tumor microenvironmental effects, underscoring the need for further multiomics and biochemical studies on CAFs and the subsets. Lastly, we present recent advances in therapeutic targeting of CAFs and the success of such endeavors or their lack thereof. We recommend that to advance global public health and personalized medicine, treatments in the oncology clinic should be combinatorial in nature, strategically targeting both cancer cells and stromal cells, and their interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Dzobo
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town, South Africa.,Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Collet Dandara
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Zhou Q, Zhou J, Fan J. Expression and Prognostic Value of ARID5A and its Correlation With Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells in Glioma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:638803. [PMID: 34094918 PMCID: PMC8172138 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.638803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AT-rich interaction domain 5A (ARID5A) is a member of the ARID family with a function that has been linked to autoimmune as well as inflammatory diseases. Some ARID family members are involved in the initiation and progression of human cancers. However, the function of ARID5A in glioma remains unknown. In this study, ARID5A expression levels were analyzed using the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database. Subsequently, the relationship between ARID5A expression and the clinical characteristics of glioma patients was evaluated using the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) database and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The prognostic value of ARID5A in glioma was estimated by Kaplan-Meier analysis and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Gene ontology (GO) analysis and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed for functional prediction. The Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database was used to analyze the relationship between ARID5A and immune cell infiltration in glioma. Our results demonstrate that the expression of ARID5A was upregulated in glioma compared with that in nontumor brain tissues. High expression of ARID5A is associated with poor prognosis in glioma. We found that the expression of ARID5A was significantly upregulated with an increase in tumor malignancy. GO analysis revealed that co-expression genes of ARID5A are significantly involved in some important functions in glioma, and GSEA showed that multiple cancer-associated and immune-associated signaling pathways are enriched in the high ARID5A expression group. TIMER database indicated that ARID5A is correlated with tumor-infiltrating immune cells in glioma. Collectively, these findings indicate that ARID5A may be a potential prognostic biomarker and is correlated with immune infiltration in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinping Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingyi Fan
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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