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Ricard-Blum S, Vivès RR, Schaefer L, Götte M, Merline R, Passi A, Heldin P, Magalhães A, Reis CA, Skandalis SS, Karamanos NK, Perez S, Nikitovic D. A biological guide to glycosaminoglycans: current perspectives and pending questions. FEBS J 2024; 291:3331-3366. [PMID: 38500384 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Mammalian glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), except hyaluronan (HA), are sulfated polysaccharides that are covalently attached to core proteins to form proteoglycans (PGs). This article summarizes key biological findings for the most widespread GAGs, namely HA, chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS), keratan sulfate (KS), and heparan sulfate (HS). It focuses on the major processes that remain to be deciphered to get a comprehensive view of the mechanisms mediating GAG biological functions. They include the regulation of GAG biosynthesis and postsynthetic modifications in heparin (HP) and HS, the composition, heterogeneity, and function of the tetrasaccharide linkage region and its role in disease, the functional characterization of the new PGs recently identified by glycoproteomics, the selectivity of interactions mediated by GAG chains, the display of GAG chains and PGs at the cell surface and their impact on the availability and activity of soluble ligands, and on their move through the glycocalyx layer to reach their receptors, the human GAG profile in health and disease, the roles of GAGs and particular PGs (syndecans, decorin, and biglycan) involved in cancer, inflammation, and fibrosis, the possible use of GAGs and PGs as disease biomarkers, and the design of inhibitors targeting GAG biosynthetic enzymes and GAG-protein interactions to develop novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Ricard-Blum
- Univ Lyon 1, ICBMS, UMR 5246 University Lyon 1 - CNRS, Villeurbanne cedex, France
| | | | - Liliana Schaefer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Martin Götte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Münster University Hospital, Germany
| | - Rosetta Merline
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Paraskevi Heldin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Ana Magalhães
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Celso A Reis
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Spyros S Skandalis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Res. Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Nikos K Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Res. Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Serge Perez
- Centre de Recherche sur les Macromolécules Végétales, University of Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, France
| | - Dragana Nikitovic
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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Wu H, Yang L, Yuan J, Zhang L, Tao Q, Yin L, Yu X, Lin Y. Potential therapeutic targets for pelvic organ prolapse: insights from key genes related to blood vessel development. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1435135. [PMID: 39118664 PMCID: PMC11306185 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1435135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a disease in which pelvic floor support structures are dysfunctional due to disruption of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The vascular system is essential for maintaining ECM homeostasis. Therefore, this study explored the potential mechanism of blood vessel development-related genes (BVDRGs) in POP. Methods POP-related datasets and BVDRGs were included in this study. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the POP and control groups were first identified in the GSE12852 and GSE208271 datasets, and DE-BVDRGs were identified by determining the intersection of these DEGs and BVDRGs. Subsequently, the feature genes were evaluated by machine learning. Feature genes with consistent expression trends in the GSE12852 and GSE208271 datasets were considered key genes. Afterward, the overall diagnostic efficacy of key genes in POP was evaluated through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Based on the key genes, enrichment analysis, immune infiltration analysis and regulatory network construction were performed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the functions of the key genes in POP. Results A total of 888 DEGs1 and 643 DEGs2 were identified in the GSE12852 and GSE208271 datasets, and 26 candidate genes and 4 DE-BVDRGs were identified. Furthermore, Hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2), Matrix metalloproteinase 19 (MMP19) and Plexin Domain Containing 1 (PLXDC1) were identified as key genes in POP and had promising value for diagnosing POP (AUC > 0.8). Additional research revealed that the key genes were predominantly implicated in immune cell activation, chemotaxis, and cytokine release via the chemokine signaling pathway, the Nod-like receptor signaling pathway, and the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway. Analysis of immune cell infiltration confirmed a decrease in the proportion of plasma cells in POP, and MMP19 expression showed a significant negative correlation with plasma cell numbers. In addition, regulatory network analysis revealed that MALAT1 (a lncRNA) targeted hsa-miR-503-5p, hsa-miR-23a-3p and hsa-miR-129-5p to simultaneously regulate three key genes. Conclusion We identified three key BVDRGs (HAS2, MMP19 and PLXDC1) related to the ECM in POP, providing markers for diagnostic studies and investigations of the molecular mechanism of POP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaye Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiakun Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Tao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Litong Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yonghong Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Chan DD, Guilak F, Sah RL, Calve S. Mechanobiology of Hyaluronan: Connecting Biomechanics and Bioactivity in Musculoskeletal Tissues. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2024; 26:25-47. [PMID: 38166186 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-073123-120541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) plays well-recognized mechanical and biological roles in articular cartilage and synovial fluid, where it contributes to tissue structure and lubrication. An understanding of how HA contributes to the structure of other musculoskeletal tissues, including muscle, bone, tendon, and intervertebral discs, is growing. In addition, the use of HA-based therapies to restore damaged tissue is becoming more prevalent. Nevertheless, the relationship between biomechanical stimuli and HA synthesis, degradation, and signaling in musculoskeletal tissues remains understudied, limiting the utility of HA in regenerative medicine. In this review, we discuss the various roles and significance of endogenous HA in musculoskeletal tissues. We use what is known and unknown to motivate new lines of inquiry into HA biology within musculoskeletal tissues and in the mechanobiology governing HA metabolism by suggesting questions that remain regarding the relationship and interaction between biological and mechanical roles of HA in musculoskeletal health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deva D Chan
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA;
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Farshid Guilak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children-St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Robert L Sah
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sarah Calve
- Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
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Zhang Y, Wang X, Ji Y, Hong H, Geng X, Zhang K, Fu Z, Cai G, Chen X, Li P, Hong Q. All-trans retinoic acid pretreatment of mesenchymal stem cells enhances the therapeutic effect on acute kidney injury. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:291. [PMID: 38802835 PMCID: PMC11129434 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01671-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
A promising new therapy option for acute kidney injury (AKI) is mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, there are several limitations to the use of MSCs, such as low rates of survival, limited homing capacity, and unclear differentiation. In search of better therapeutic strategies, we explored all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) pretreatment of MSCs to observe whether it could improve the therapeutic efficacy of AKI. We established a renal ischemia/reperfusion injury model and treated mice with ATRA-pretreated MSCs via tail vein injection. We found that AKI mice treated with ATRA-MSCs significantly improved renal function compared with DMSO-MSCs treatment. RNA sequencing screened that hyaluronic acid (HA) production from MSCs promoted by ATRA. Further validation by chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments verified that retinoic acid receptor RARα/RXRγ was a potential transcription factor for hyaluronic acid synthase 2. Additionally, an in vitro hypoxia/reoxygenation model was established using human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2). After co-culturing HK-2 cells with ATRA-pretreated MSCs, we observed that HA binds to cluster determinant 44 (CD44) and activates the PI3K/AKT pathway, which enhances the anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and proliferative repair effects of MSCs in AKI. Inhibition of the HA/CD44 axis effectively reverses the renal repair effect of ATRA-pretreated MSCs. Taken together, our study suggests that ATRA pretreatment promotes HA production by MSCs and activates the PI3K/AKT pathway in renal tubular epithelial cells, thereby enhancing the efficacy of MSCs against AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yuwei Ji
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Haijuan Hong
- Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Geng
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
- Health Care Office of the Service Bureau of Agency for Offices Administration of the Central Military Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Keying Zhang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Zhangning Fu
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Guangyan Cai
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Quan Hong
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, No.28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
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Zhang YH, Sun XT, Guo RF, Feng GY, Gao HL, Zhong ML, Tian LW, Qiu ZY, Cui YW, Li JY, Zhao P. AβPP-tau-HAS1 axis trigger HAS1-related nuclear speckles and gene transcription in Alzheimer's disease. Matrix Biol 2024; 129:29-43. [PMID: 38518923 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
As the backbone of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the perineuronal nets (PNNs), hyaluronic acid (HA) provides binding sites for proteoglycans and other ECM components. Although the pivotal of HA has been recognized in Alzheimer's disease (AD), few studies have addressed the relationship between AD pathology and HA synthases (HASs). Here, HASs in different regions of AD brains were screened in transcriptomic database and validated in AβPP/PS1 mice. We found that HAS1 was distributed along the axon and nucleus. Its transcripts were reduced in AD patients and AβPP/PS1 mice. Phosphorylated tau (p-tau) mediates AβPP-induced cytosolic-nuclear translocation of HAS1, and negatively regulated the stability, monoubiquitination, and oligomerization of HAS1, thus reduced the synthesis and release of HA. Furthermore, non-ubiquitinated HAS1 mutant lost its enzyme activity, and translocated from the cytosol into the nucleus, forming nuclear speckles (NS). Unlike the splicing-related NS, less than 1 % of the non-ubiquitinated HAS1 co-localized with SRRM2, proving the regulatory role of HAS1 in gene transcription, indirectly. Thus, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to both non-ubiquitinated HAS1 mutant and AD were screened using transcriptomic datasets. Thirty-nine DEGs were identified, with 64.1 % (25/39) showing consistent results in both datasets. Together, we unearthed an important function of the AβPP-p-tau-HAS1 axis in microenvironment remodeling and gene transcription during AD progression, involving the ubiquitin-proteasome, lysosome, and NS systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University
| | - Xing-Tong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University
| | - Rui-Fang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University
| | - Gang-Yi Feng
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University
| | - Hui-Ling Gao
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University
| | - Man-Li Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University
| | - Li-Wen Tian
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University
| | - Zhong-Yi Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University
| | - Yu-Wei Cui
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University
| | - Jia-Yi Li
- Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University; Neuronal Plasticity and Repair Unit, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University.
| | - Pu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University; Lead contact.
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Madej E, Lisek A, Brożyna AA, Cierniak A, Wronski N, Deptula M, Wardowska A, Wolnicka-Glubisz A. The involvement of RIPK4 in TNF-α-stimulated IL-6 and IL-8 production by melanoma cells. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:209. [PMID: 38656555 PMCID: PMC11043103 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05732-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The receptor-interacting protein kinase (RIPK4) has an oncogenic function in melanoma, regulates NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin pathways, and is sensitive to the BRAF inhibitors: vemurafenib and dabrafenib which lead to its decreased level. As its role in melanoma remains not fully understood, we examined the effects of its downregulation on the transcriptomic profile of melanoma. METHODS Applying RNA-seq, we revealed global alterations in the transcriptome of WM266.4 cells with RIPK4 silencing. Functional partners of RIPK4 were evaluated using STRING and GeneMANIA databases. Cells with transient knockdown (via siRNA) and stable knockout (via CRISPR/Cas9) of RIPK4 were stimulated with TNF-α. The expression levels of selected proteins were assessed using Western blot, ELISA, and qPCR. RESULTS Global analysis of gene expression changes indicates a complex role for RIPK4 in regulating adhesion, migration, proliferation, and inflammatory processes in melanoma cells. Our study highlights potential functional partners of RIPK4 such as BIRC3, TNF-α receptors, and MAP2K6. Data from RIPK4 knockout cells suggest a putative role for RIPK4 in modulating TNF-α-induced production of IL-8 and IL-6 through two distinct signaling pathways-BIRC3/NF-κB and p38/MAPK. Furthermore, increased serum TNF-α levels and the correlation of RIPK4 with NF-κB were revealed in melanoma patients. CONCLUSION These data reveal a complex role for RIPK4 in regulating the immune signaling network in melanoma cells and suggest that this kinase may represent an alternative target for melanoma-targeted adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Madej
- Department of Biophysics and Cancer Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Lisek
- Department of Biophysics and Cancer Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna A Brożyna
- Department of Human Biology, Insitute of Biology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska1, 87-100, Toruń, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Cierniak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Norbert Wronski
- Department of Biophysics and Cancer Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Milena Deptula
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna Wardowska
- Department of Physiopathology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wolnicka-Glubisz
- Department of Biophysics and Cancer Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
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7
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Ziranu P, Pretta A, Aimola V, Cau F, Mariani S, D’Agata AP, Codipietro C, Rizzo D, Dell’Utri V, Sanna G, Moledda G, Cadoni A, Lai E, Puzzoni M, Pusceddu V, Castagnola M, Scartozzi M, Faa G. CD44: A New Prognostic Marker in Colorectal Cancer? Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1569. [PMID: 38672650 PMCID: PMC11048923 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) is a non-kinase cell surface glycoprotein. It is overexpressed in several cell types, including cancer stem cells (CSCs). Cells overexpressing CD44 exhibit several CSC traits, such as self-renewal, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) capability, and resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy. The role of CD44 in maintaining stemness and the CSC function in tumor progression is accomplished by binding to its main ligand, hyaluronan (HA). The HA-CD44 complex activates several signaling pathways that lead to cell proliferation, adhesion, migration, and invasion. The CD44 gene regularly undergoes alternative splicing, resulting in the standard (CD44s) and variant (CD44v) isoforms. The different functional roles of CD44s and specific CD44v isoforms still need to be fully understood. The clinicopathological impact of CD44 and its isoforms in promoting tumorigenesis suggests that CD44 could be a molecular target for cancer therapy. Furthermore, the recent association observed between CD44 and KRAS-dependent carcinomas and the potential correlations between CD44 and tumor mutational burden (TMB) and microsatellite instability (MSI) open new research scenarios for developing new strategies in cancer treatment. This review summarises current research regarding the different CD44 isoform structures, their roles, and functions in supporting tumorigenesis and discusses its therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pina Ziranu
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Andrea Pretta
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Valentina Aimola
- Division of Pathology, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, AOU Cagliari, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (V.A.); (F.C.)
| | - Flaviana Cau
- Division of Pathology, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, AOU Cagliari, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (V.A.); (F.C.)
| | - Stefano Mariani
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Alessandra Pia D’Agata
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Claudia Codipietro
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Daiana Rizzo
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Veronica Dell’Utri
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Giorgia Sanna
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Giusy Moledda
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Andrea Cadoni
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Eleonora Lai
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Marco Puzzoni
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Valeria Pusceddu
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Massimo Castagnola
- Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Europeo di Ricerca sul Cervello, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00013 Rome, Italy;
| | - Mario Scartozzi
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4500 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (A.P.); (S.M.); (A.P.D.); (C.C.); (D.R.); (V.D.); (G.S.); (G.M.); (A.C.); (E.L.); (M.P.); (V.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Gavino Faa
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, AOU Cagliari, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy;
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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8
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Zhu X, Tian X, Wang M, Li Y, Yang S, Kong J. Protective effect of Bifidobacterium animalis CGMCC25262 on HaCaT keratinocytes. Int Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s10123-024-00485-y. [PMID: 38278974 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00485-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Bifidobacteria are the most prevalent members of the intestinal microbiota in mammals and other animals, and they play a significant role in promoting gut health through their probiotic effects. Recently, the potential applications of Bifidobacteria have been extended to skin health. However, the beneficial mechanism of Bifidobacteria on the skin barrier remains unclear. In this study, keratinocyte HaCaT cells were used as models to evaluate the protective effects of the cell-free supernatant (CFS), heat-inactivated bacteria, and bacterial lysate of Bifidobacterium animalis CGMCC25262 on the skin barrier and inflammatory cytokines. The results showed that all the tested samples were able to upregulate the transcription levels of biomarker genes associated with the skin barrier, such as hyaluronic acid synthetase (HAS) and aquaporins (AQPs). Notably, the transcription of the hyaluronic acid synthetase gene-2 (HAS-2) is upregulated by 3~4 times, and AQP3 increased by 2.5 times when the keratinocyte HaCaT cells were co-incubated with 0.8 to 1% CFS. In particular, the expression level of Filaggrin (FLG) in HaCaT cells increased by 1.7 to 2.7 times when incubated with Bifidobacterial samples, reaching its peak at a concentration of 0.8% CFS. Moreover, B. animalis CGMCC25262 also decreased the expression of the proinflammatory cytokine RANTES to one-tenth compared to the levels observed in HaCaT cells induced with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ). These results demonstrate the potential of B. animalis CGMCC25262 in protecting the skin barrier and reducing inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoce Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingfang Tian
- Shandong Freda Biotech Co., Ltd, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Shandong Freda Biotech Co., Ltd, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Suzhen Yang
- Shandong Freda Biotech Co., Ltd, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Luo W, Li Y, Zhao J, Niu R, Xiang C, Zhang M, Xiao C, Liu W, Gu R. CD44-targeting hyaluronic acid-selenium nanoparticles boost functional recovery following spinal cord injury. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:37. [PMID: 38263204 PMCID: PMC10804833 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02302-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapeutic strategies based on scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and suppressing inflammatory cascades are effective in improving functional recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI). However, the lack of targeting nanoparticles (NPs) with powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties hampers the clinical translation of these strategies. Here, CD44-targeting hyaluronic acid-selenium (HA-Se) NPs were designed and prepared for scavenging ROS and suppressing inflammatory responses in the injured spinal cord, enhancing functional recovery. RESULTS The HA-Se NPs were easily prepared through direct reduction of seleninic acid in the presence of HA. The obtained HA-Se NPs exhibited a remarkable capacity to eliminate free radicals and CD44 receptor-facilitated internalization by astrocytes. Moreover, the HA-Se NPs effectively mitigated the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines (such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6) by microglia cells (BV2) upon lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation. In vivo experiments confirmed that HA-Se NPs could effectively accumulate within the lesion site through CD44 targeting. As a result, HA-Se NPs demonstrated superior protection of axons and neurons within the injury site, leading to enhanced functional recovery in a rat model of SCI. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight the potential of CD44-targeting HA-Se NPs for SCI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Luo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueying Li
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhui Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Renrui Niu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyu Xiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyu Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunsheng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanguo Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rui Gu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Wang D, Hu L, Xu R, Zhang W, Xiong H, Wang Y, Du G, Kang Z. Production of different molecular weight glycosaminoglycans with microbial cell factories. Enzyme Microb Technol 2023; 171:110324. [PMID: 37742407 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2023.110324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are naturally occurring acidic polysaccharides with wide applications in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and health foods. The diverse biological activities and physiological functions of GAGs are closely associated with their molecular weights and sulfation patterns. Except for the non-sulfated hyaluronan which can be synthesized naturally by group A Streptococcus, all the other GAGs such as heparin and chondroitin sulfate are mainly acquired from animal tissues. Microbial cell factories provide a more effective platform for the production of structurally homogeneous GAGs. Enhancing the production efficiency of polysaccharides, accurately regulating the GAGs molecular weight, and effectively controlling the sulfation degree of GAGs represent the major challenges of developing GAGs microbial cell factories. Several enzymatic, metabolic engineering, and synthetic biology strategies have been developed to tackle these obstacles and push forward the industrialization of biotechnologically produced GAGs. This review summarizes the recent advances in the construction of GAGs synthesis cell factories, regulation of GAG molecular weight, and modification of GAGs chains. Furthermore, the challenges and prospects for future research in this field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Litao Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ruirui Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Weijiao Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Haibo Xiong
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Guocheng Du
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhen Kang
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China.
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11
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Dong J, Ren B, Tian Y, Peng G, Zhai H, Meng Z, Gu R, Gan H, Wu Z, Sun Y, Dou G, Liu S. Effects of Radiation-Induced Skin Injury on Hyaluronan Degradation and Its Underlying Mechanisms. Molecules 2023; 28:7449. [PMID: 37959868 PMCID: PMC10647323 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced skin injury (RISI) is a frequent and severe complication with a complex pathogenesis that often occurs during radiation therapy, nuclear incidents, and nuclear war, for which there is no effective treatment. Hyaluronan (HA) plays an overwhelming role in the skin, and it has been shown that UVB irradiation induces increased HA expression. Nevertheless, to the best of our knowledge, there has been no study regarding the biological correlation between RISI and HA degradation and its underlying mechanisms. Therefore, in our study, we investigated low-molecular-weight HA content using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and changes in the expression of HA-related metabolic enzymes using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and a Western blotting assay. The oxidative stress level of the RISI model was assessed using sodium dismutase, malondialdehyde, and reactive oxygen species assays. We demonstrated that low-molecular-weight HA content was significantly upregulated in skin tissues during the late phase of irradiation exposure in the RISI model and that HA-related metabolic enzymes, oxidative stress levels, the MEK5/ERK5 pathway, and inflammatory factors were consistent with changes in low-molecular-weight HA content. These findings prove that HA degradation is biologically relevant to RISI development and that the HA degradation mechanisms are related to HA-related metabolic enzymes, oxidative stress, and inflammatory factors. The MEK5/ERK5 pathway represents a potential mechanism of HA degradation. In conclusion, we aimed to investigate changes in HA content and preliminarily investigate the HA degradation mechanism in a RISI model under γ-ray irradiation, to consider HA as a new target for RISI and provide ideas for novel drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Dong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (J.D.); (B.R.); (Z.M.); (R.G.); (H.G.); (Z.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Boyuan Ren
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (J.D.); (B.R.); (Z.M.); (R.G.); (H.G.); (Z.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yunfei Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (Y.T.); (H.Z.)
| | - Guanqun Peng
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China;
| | - Huiting Zhai
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; (Y.T.); (H.Z.)
| | - Zhiyun Meng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (J.D.); (B.R.); (Z.M.); (R.G.); (H.G.); (Z.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Ruolan Gu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (J.D.); (B.R.); (Z.M.); (R.G.); (H.G.); (Z.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Hui Gan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (J.D.); (B.R.); (Z.M.); (R.G.); (H.G.); (Z.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Zhuona Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (J.D.); (B.R.); (Z.M.); (R.G.); (H.G.); (Z.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yunbo Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (J.D.); (B.R.); (Z.M.); (R.G.); (H.G.); (Z.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Guifang Dou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (J.D.); (B.R.); (Z.M.); (R.G.); (H.G.); (Z.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Shuchen Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; (J.D.); (B.R.); (Z.M.); (R.G.); (H.G.); (Z.W.); (Y.S.)
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12
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Skandalis SS. CD44 Intracellular Domain: A Long Tale of a Short Tail. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5041. [PMID: 37894408 PMCID: PMC10605500 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15205041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
CD44 is a single-chain transmembrane receptor that exists in multiple forms due to alternative mRNA splicing and post-translational modifications. CD44 is the main cell surface receptor of hyaluronan as well as other extracellular matrix molecules, cytokines, and growth factors that play important roles in physiological processes (such as hematopoiesis and lymphocyte homing) and the progression of various diseases, the predominant one being cancer. Currently, CD44 is an established cancer stem cell marker in several tumors, implying a central functional role in tumor biology. The present review aims to highlight the contribution of the CD44 short cytoplasmic tail, which is devoid of any enzymatic activity, in the extraordinary functional diversity of the receptor. The interactions of CD44 with cytoskeletal proteins through specific structural motifs within its intracellular domain drives cytoskeleton rearrangements and affects the distribution of organelles and transport of molecules. Moreover, the CD44 intracellular domain specifically interacts with various cytoplasmic effectors regulating cell-trafficking machinery, signal transduction pathways, the transcriptome, and vital cell metabolic pathways. Understanding the cell type- and context-specificity of these interactions may unravel the high complexity of CD44 functions and lead to novel improved therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyros S Skandalis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Res. Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
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13
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Qiu P, Chen X, Xiao C, Zhang M, Wang H, Wang C, Li D, Liu J, Chen Y, Liu L, Zhao Q. Emerging glyco-risk prediction model to forecast response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in colorectal cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:6411-6434. [PMID: 36757621 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04626-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant glycosylation is one of the most common post-translational modifications leading to heterogeneity in colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aims to construct a risk prediction model based on glycosyltransferase to forecast the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in CRC patients. METHODS Based on the TCGA dataset and glycosyltransferase genes, the NMF algorithm and WGCNA were used to identify molecular subtypes and co-expressed genes, respectively. Lasso and multivariate COX regression were used to identify prognostic glycosyltransferase genes and construct a glyco-risk prediction model in CRC patients. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression, Kaplan-Meier, and ROC curves were applied to further verify the prognostic performance of the model in CRC patients in the training and validation sets. We compared the responsiveness of immunotherapy and chemotherapy between the two groups. In vitro experiments and clinical specimens verified the specific function of the key glycosyltransferase genes in CRC. RESULTS The CRC cohort was divided into two subtypes with prominent differences in survival based on the well-robust seven-gene glyco-risk prediction model (composed of ALG1L2, HAS1, PYGL, COLGALT2, B3GNT4, POFUT2, and GALNT7). The nomograms based on the risk model could predict the prognosis of CRC patients independently of other clinicopathologic characteristics. Our prediction model showed a better overall prediction performance than other models. Compared with the low-risk group, the high-risk CRC patients showed a lower immune infiltration state, but a higher TMB and a lower response to anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, and anti-CTLA-4 therapy. Clinical specimen validation showed an obvious difference in the expression of seven glycosyltransferase genes between the low- and high-risk groups. Significant reduction in POFUT2 expression in high-risk groups was associated with reduced N-glycans production. CONCLUSION Our study constructed a robust glyco-risk prediction model that could provide direction for immunotherapy and chemotherapy in CRC patients, which could help clinicians make personalized treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peishan Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Cong Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Haizhou Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Daojiang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yuhua Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Qiu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal & Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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14
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Kianpour M, Huang CW, Vejvisithsakul PP, Wang JY, Li CF, Shiao MS, Pan CT, Shiue YL. Aptamer/doxorubicin-conjugated nanoparticles target membranous CEMIP2 in colorectal cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 245:125510. [PMID: 37353120 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
The objectives were to identify the functional domains of a potential oncoprotein, cell migration inducing hyaluronidase 2 (CEMIP2), evaluate its expression levels and roles in colorectal cancer (CRC), and develop an aptamer-based nanoparticle for targeted therapy. Data mining on TCGA identified that CEMIP2 might play oncogenic roles in CRC. In a local cohort, CEMIP2 mRNA levels significantly stepwise increase in CRC patients with higher stages, and high CEMIP2 confers worse disease-free survival. In addition, CEMIP2 mRNA levels significantly correlated to hyaluronan levels in sera from CRC patients. Deletion mapping identified that CEMIP2 containing G8 and PANDER-like domains preserved hyaluronidase activity and oncogenic roles, including cell proliferation, anchorage-independent cell growth, cell migration and invasion, and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) tube formation in CRC-derived cells. A customized monoclonal mouse anti-human CEMIP2 antibody probing the PANDER-like domain (anti-289307) counteracted CEMIP2-mediated carcinogenesis in vitro. Cell-SELEX pinpointed an aptamer, aptCEMIP2(101), specifically interacted with the full-length CEMIP2, potentially involving its 3D structure. Treatments with aptCEMIP2(101) significantly reduced CEMIP2-mediated tumorigenesis in vitro. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) carrying atpCEMIP2(101) and Dox were fabricated. Dox@MSN, MSN-aptCEMIP2(101), and Dox@MSN-aptCEMIP2(101) significantly suppressed tumorigenesis in vitro compared to the Mock, while Dox@MSN-aptCEMIP2(101) showed substantially higher effects compared to Dox@MSN and MSN-aptCEMIP2(101) in CRC-derived cells. Our study identified a novel oncogene and developed an effective aptamer-based targeted therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Kianpour
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wen Huang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Pichpisith Pierre Vejvisithsakul
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; Program in Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Jaw-Yuan Wang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; Pingtung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Pingtung 900214, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan; Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan; National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 70456, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Shin Shiao
- Research Center, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Cheng-Tang Pan
- Institute of Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
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15
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Du T, Wu Z, Wu Y, Liu Y, Song Y, Ma L. CD44 Is Associated with Poor Prognosis of ccRCC and Facilitates ccRCC Cell Migration and Invasion through HAS1/MMP9. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2077. [PMID: 37509716 PMCID: PMC10377257 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11072077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In many solid tumors, CD44 has been identified as a cancer stem cell marker as well as an important molecular in cancer progression and metastasis, making it attractive for potential therapeutic applications. However, our knowledge of the biological function and mechanism of CD44 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is limited. METHODS In this study, the expression, prognostic values and functional enrichment analysis of CD44 in ccRCC were analyzed using public databases. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blotting, and immunohistochemical (IHC) assays were taken to detect CD44 expression in ccRCC tissues. The effects of CD44 on the proliferation, migration and invasion of ccRCC cells were investigated by gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments. Subcutaneous models further confirmed the role of CD44 in tumor growth. The relationship between CD44, HAS1 and MMP9 was investigated to uncover the regulatory mechanism of CD44 in ccRCC. RESULTS CD44 was significantly upregulated in ccRCC and associated with poor overall survival (OS). Based on the functional enrichment analysis and PPI network, we found that CD44 had associations with ECM interaction and focal adhesion pathway. Clinical ccRCC sample validation revealed that CD44 mRNA and protein expression were significantly increased in ccRCC tissues, and strong CD44 staining was observed in four metastatic ccRCC cases. In vitro experiments showed that CD44 overexpression promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion. In vivo experiments also demonstrated that CD44 overexpression accelerated tumor formation in mice. Finally, we found that CD44 regulates the expression of HAS1 in ccRCC, which is essential for the secretion of MMP9 and cell migratory ability. CONCLUSION The upregulation of CD44 mRNA and protein expressions in ccRCC is indicative of unfavorable clinical prognoses. The CD44/HAS1/MMP9 axis is believed to exert a significant influence on the regulation of ECM degradation and ccRCC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Du
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zonglong Wu
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yaqian Wu
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yunchong Liu
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yimeng Song
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lulin Ma
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
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16
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Tarullo SE, He Y, Daughters C, Knutson TP, Henzler CM, Price MA, Shanley R, Witschen P, Tolg C, Kaspar RE, Hallstrom C, Gittsovich L, Sulciner ML, Zhang X, Forster CL, Lange CA, Shats O, Desler M, Cowan KH, Yee D, Schwertfeger KL, Turley EA, McCarthy JB, Nelson AC. Receptor for hyaluronan-mediated motility (RHAMM) defines an invasive niche associated with tumor progression and predicts poor outcomes in breast cancer patients. J Pathol 2023; 260:289-303. [PMID: 37186300 PMCID: PMC10417882 DOI: 10.1002/path.6082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer invasion and metastasis result from a complex interplay between tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME). Key oncogenic changes in the TME include aberrant synthesis, processing, and signaling of hyaluronan (HA). Hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor (RHAMM, CD168; HMMR) is an HA receptor enabling tumor cells to sense and respond to this aberrant TME during breast cancer progression. Previous studies have associated RHAMM expression with breast tumor progression; however, cause and effect mechanisms are incompletely established. Focused gene expression analysis of an internal breast cancer patient cohort confirmed that increased RHAMM expression correlates with aggressive clinicopathological features. To probe mechanisms, we developed a novel 27-gene RHAMM-related signature (RRS) by intersecting differentially expressed genes in lymph node (LN)-positive patient cases with the transcriptome of a RHAMM-dependent model of cell transformation, which we validated in an independent cohort. We demonstrate that the RRS predicts for poor survival and is enriched for cell cycle and TME-interaction pathways. Further analyses using CRISPR/Cas9-generated RHAMM-/- breast cancer cells provided direct evidence that RHAMM promotes invasion in vitro and in vivo. Immunohistochemistry studies highlighted heterogeneous RHAMM protein expression, and spatial transcriptomics associated the RRS with RHAMM-high microanatomic foci. We conclude that RHAMM upregulation leads to the formation of 'invasive niches', which are enriched in RRS-related pathways that drive invasion and could be targeted to limit invasive progression and improve patient outcomes. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Tarullo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Yuyu He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Claire Daughters
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Todd P Knutson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Christine M Henzler
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Matthew A Price
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ryan Shanley
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Patrice Witschen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Cornelia Tolg
- London Health Sciences Center, Western University, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rachael E Kaspar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Caroline Hallstrom
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Lyubov Gittsovich
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Megan L Sulciner
- School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Xihong Zhang
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Colleen L Forster
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Carol A Lange
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Oleg Shats
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Michelle Desler
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Kenneth H Cowan
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Douglas Yee
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kathryn L Schwertfeger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Eva A Turley
- London Health Sciences Center, Western University, Ontario, Canada
| | - James B McCarthy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Andrew C Nelson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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17
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Zhang X, Huang D, Li K, Han C, Li H, Li C, Liu L. Hmmr Acts as a Key Regulator in the ADSCs Proliferation and Mitosis. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023:10.1007/s12015-023-10563-9. [PMID: 37222947 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10563-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a common chronic health problem that requires lifelong efforts for the successful treatment. The proliferation of ADSCs is an essential step in the development of obesity. Identifying key regulators of ADSCs will be a novel strategy for adipogenesis inhibition and obesity prevention. In this study, transcriptomes of 15532 ADSCs were firstly profiled by single cell RNA-sequencing. On the basis of gene expression patterns, 15 cell subpopulations (six defined cell types) were distinguished. A subpopulation was identified as CD168+ ADSCs, and it was demonstrated to play a vital role in ADSCs proliferation. Furthermore, Hmmr, a specific marker gene of CD168+ ADSCs was found to be a critical gene associated with ADSCs proliferation and mitosis. Hmmr knockout resulted that ADSCs growth nearly arrested and aberrant nuclear division occurred. Finally, it was revealed that Hmmr promoted ADSCs proliferation through the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 signaling pathway. This study identified Hmmr as a key regulator in ADSCs proliferation and mitosis, and suggested that Hmmr may be a novel target for obesity prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases &, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Dou Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases &, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaide Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases &, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoying Han
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases &, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Cai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases &, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases &, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Wang Z, Wang Q, Zhong W, Liang F, Guo Y, Wang Y, Wang Z. Moisturizing and Antioxidant Effects of Artemisia argyi Essence Liquid in HaCaT Keratinocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076809. [PMID: 37047782 PMCID: PMC10095007 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Artemisia argyi essence liquid (AL) is an aqueous solution extracted from A. argyi using CO2 supercritical fluid extraction. There have been few investigations on the aqueous solution of A. argyi extracted via CO2 supercritical fluid extraction. This study aimed to explore the moisturizing and antioxidant effects of AL and to clarify the potential mechanism underlying those effects. Expression levels of skin moisture-related components and the H2O2-induced oxidative stress responses in human keratinocyte cells were measured via quantitative RT-qPCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence. Our results showed that AL enhanced the expression of AQP3 and HAS2 by activating the EGFR-mediated STAT3 and MAPK signaling pathways. In addition, AL can play an antioxidant role by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway and activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, consequently increasing the expression of antioxidant enzymes (GPX1, SOD2) and decreasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study revealed that AL could be used as a potential moisturizing and antioxidant cosmetic ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwen Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qiaoli Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wenshen Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Feng Liang
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yuying Guo
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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19
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Lu KH, Lu PWA, Lin CW, Lu EWH, Yang SF. Different molecular weights of hyaluronan research in knee osteoarthritis: A state-of-the-art review. Matrix Biol 2023; 117:46-71. [PMID: 36849081 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), the most common form of arthritis, is characterized by progressive cartilage destruction, concomitant adaptive osteogenesis, and loss of joint function. The progression of OA with aging is associated with a decrease in native hyaluronan (HA, hyaluronate or hyaluronic acid) with a high molecular weight (HMW) in synovial fluid and a subsequent increase in lower MW HA and fragments. As HMW HA possesses numerous biochemical and biological properties, we review new molecular insights into the potential of HA to modify OA processes. Different MWs in the formulation of products appear to have varying effects on knee OA (KOA) pain relief, improved function, and postponing surgery. In addition to the safety profile, more evidence indicates that intraarticular (IA) HA administration may be an effective option to treat KOA, with a particular emphasis on the use of HA with fewer injections of higher MW, including potential applications of HA of very HMW. We also analyzed published systemic reviews and meta-analyses of IA HA in treating KOA in order to discuss their conclusions and consensus statements. According to its MW, HA may offer a simple way to refine therapeutic information in selective KOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko-Hsiu Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | | | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Eric Wun-Hao Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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20
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Liu Y, Li L, Wang L, Lu L, Li Y, Huang G, Song J. 'Two-faces' of hyaluronan, a dynamic barometer of disease progression in tumor microenvironment. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:11. [PMID: 36698043 PMCID: PMC9877274 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00618-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is a linear polysaccharide consisting of disaccharide units which are the D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. As the largest component of the extracellular matrix in microenvironment, HA polymers with different molecular weights vary in properties to molecular biology function. High molecular weight HA (HMW-HA) is mainly found in normal tissue or physiological condition, and exhibits lubrication and protection properties due to its good water retention and viscoelasticity. On the other hand, an increase in HA catabolism leads to the accumulation of low molecular weight HA (LMW-HA) under pathological circumstances such as inflammation, pre-cancerous and tumor microenvironment. LMW-HA acts as extracellular signals to enhance tumorigenic and metastatic phenotype, such as energy reprogramming, angiogenesis and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. This review discusses the basic properties of this simplest carbohydrate molecule in ECM with enormous potential, and its regulatory role between tumorigenesis and microenvironmental homeostasis. The extensive discoveries of the mechanisms underlying the roles of HA in various physiological and pathological processes would provide more information for future research in the fields of biomimetic materials, pharmaceutical and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine & Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine & Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine & Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine & Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine & Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine & Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Lu
- School of Medicine & Health, Guangxi Vocational & Technical Institute of Industry, Nanning, 530001, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi Orthopaedics and Traumatology Hospital, Nanning, 530012, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Guolin Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, 530022, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjing Song
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, 530022, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
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21
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Karalis T, Heldin P, Skandalis SS. In Vitro Investigation of Hyaluronan/CD44 Network. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2619:169-186. [PMID: 36662470 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2946-8_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronan is one of the most influential components of the extracellular matrix. It is involved in the regulation of normal tissue function and architecture, while its metabolism is perturbed in a multitude of human diseases like inflammation, cancer, and viral infection. Given the implication of hyaluronan in a vast array of diseases, we describe here assays that can be utilized to study the quantity, size, subcellular localization, and binding capacity of hyaluronan by cells as well as its interactions with its major cellular receptor, CD44. Hopefully, these protocols will provide researchers with useful tools to study the complex hyaluronan biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore Karalis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Paraskevi Heldin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Spyros S Skandalis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.
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22
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Wang J, Jordan AR, Zhu H, Hasanali SL, Thomas E, Lokeshwar SD, Morera DS, Alexander S, McDaniels J, Sharma A, Aguilar K, Sarcan S, Zhu T, Soloway MS, Terris MK, Thangaraju M, Lopez LE, Lokeshwar VB. Targeting hyaluronic acid synthase-3 (HAS3) for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:421. [PMID: 36581895 PMCID: PMC9801563 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02818-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyaluronic acid (HA) promotes cancer metastasis; however, the currently approved treatments do not target HA. Metastatic renal carcinoma (mRCC) is an incurable disease. Sorafenib (SF) is a modestly effective antiangiogenic drug for mRCC. Although only endothelial cells express known SF targets, SF is cytotoxic to RCC cells at concentrations higher than the pharmacological-dose (5-µM). Using patient cohorts, mRCC models, and SF combination with 4-methylumbelliferone (MU), we discovered an SF target in RCC cells and targeted it for treatment. METHODS We analyzed HA-synthase (HAS1, HAS2, HAS3) expression in RCC cells and clinical (n = 129), TCGA-KIRC (n = 542), and TCGA-KIRP (n = 291) cohorts. We evaluated the efficacy of SF and SF plus MU combination in RCC cells, HAS3-transfectants, endothelial-RCC co-cultures, and xenografts. RESULTS RCC cells showed increased HAS3 expression. In the clinical and TCGA-KIRC/TCGA-KIRP cohorts, higher HAS3 levels predicted metastasis and shorter survival. At > 10-µM dose, SF inhibited HAS3/HA-synthesis and RCC cell growth. However, at ≤ 5-µM dose SF in combination with MU inhibited HAS3/HA synthesis, growth of RCC cells and endothelial-RCC co-cultures, and induced apoptosis. The combination inhibited motility/invasion and an HA-signaling-related invasive-signature. We previously showed that MU inhibits SF inactivation in RCC cells. While HAS3-knockdown transfectants were sensitive to SF, ectopic-HAS3-expression induced resistance to the combination. In RCC models, the combination inhibited tumor growth and metastasis with little toxicity; however, ectopic-HAS3-expressing tumors were resistant. CONCLUSION HAS3 is the first known target of SF in RCC cells. In combination with MU (human equivalent-dose, 0.6-1.1-g/day), SF targets HAS3 and effectively abrogates mRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Wang
- grid.410427.40000 0001 2284 9329Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Room CN 1177A, Augusta, GA 30912 USA ,grid.513391.c0000 0004 8339 0314Present Address: Maoming People’s Hospital, Maoming, China
| | - Andre R. Jordan
- grid.410427.40000 0001 2284 9329Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Room CN 1177A, Augusta, GA 30912 USA ,grid.265219.b0000 0001 2217 8588Present Address: Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA
| | - Huabin Zhu
- grid.410427.40000 0001 2284 9329Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Room CN 1177A, Augusta, GA 30912 USA ,grid.432444.1Present Address: Advanced RNA Technologies, Boulder, USA
| | - Sarrah L. Hasanali
- grid.410427.40000 0001 2284 9329Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Room CN 1177A, Augusta, GA 30912 USA ,grid.63368.380000 0004 0445 0041Present Address: Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, USA
| | - Eric Thomas
- grid.410427.40000 0001 2284 9329Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
| | - Soum D. Lokeshwar
- grid.410427.40000 0001 2284 9329Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Room CN 1177A, Augusta, GA 30912 USA ,grid.47100.320000000419368710Present Address: Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - Daley S. Morera
- grid.410427.40000 0001 2284 9329Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Room CN 1177A, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
| | - Sung Alexander
- grid.410427.40000 0001 2284 9329Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Room CN 1177A, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
| | - Joseph McDaniels
- grid.410427.40000 0001 2284 9329Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Room CN 1177A, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
| | - Anuj Sharma
- grid.410427.40000 0001 2284 9329Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Room CN 1177A, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
| | - Karina Aguilar
- grid.410427.40000 0001 2284 9329Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Room CN 1177A, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
| | - Semih Sarcan
- grid.410427.40000 0001 2284 9329Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Room CN 1177A, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
| | - Tianyi Zhu
- Greenbrier High School, Evans, GA 30809 USA
| | - Mark S. Soloway
- grid.489080.d0000 0004 0444 4637Memorial Healthcare System, Aventura, FL 33180 USA
| | - Martha K. Terris
- grid.410427.40000 0001 2284 9329Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
| | - Muthusamy Thangaraju
- grid.410427.40000 0001 2284 9329Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Room CN 1177A, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
| | - Luis E. Lopez
- grid.410427.40000 0001 2284 9329Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Room CN 1177A, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
| | - Vinata B. Lokeshwar
- grid.410427.40000 0001 2284 9329Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1410 Laney Walker Blvd, Room CN 1177A, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
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23
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Pendyala M, Woods PS, Brubaker DK, Blaber EA, Schmidt TA, Chan DD. Endogenous production of hyaluronan, PRG4, and cytokines is sensitive to cyclic loading in synoviocytes. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267921. [PMID: 36576921 PMCID: PMC9797074 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Synovial fluid is composed of hyaluronan and proteoglycan-4 (PRG4 or lubricin), which work synergistically to maintain joint lubrication. In diseases like osteoarthritis, hyaluronan and PRG4 concentrations can be altered, resulting in lowered synovial fluid viscosity, and pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations within the synovial fluid increase. Synovial fibroblasts within the synovium are responsible for contributing to synovial fluid and can be targeted to improve endogenous production of hyaluronan and PRG4 and to alter the cytokine profile. We cyclically loaded SW982 synoviocytes to 0%, 5%, 10%, or 20% strain for three hours at 1 Hz. To assess the impact of substrate stiffness, we compared the 0% strain group to cells grown on tissue culture plastic. We measured the expression of hyaluronan turnover genes, hyaluronan localization within the cell layer, hyaluronan concentration, PRG4 concentration, and the cytokine profile within the media. Our results show that the addition of cyclic loading increased HAS3 expression, but not in a magnitude-dependent response. Hyaluronidase expression was impacted by strain magnitude, which is exemplified by the decrease in hyaluronan concentration due to cyclic loading. We also show that PRG4 concentration is increased at 5% strain, while higher strain magnitude decreases overall PRG4 concentration. Finally, 10% and 20% strain show a distinct, more pro-inflammatory cytokine profile when compared to the unloaded group. Multivariate analysis showed distinct separation between certain strain groups in being able to predict strain group, hyaluronan concentration, and PRG4 concentration from gene expression or cytokine concentration data, highlighting the complexity of the system. Overall, this study shows that cyclic loading can be used tool to modulate the endogenous production of hyaluronan, PRG4, and cytokines from synovial fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghana Pendyala
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, United States of America
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, United States of America
| | - Paige S Woods
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Douglas K Brubaker
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
- Regenstrief Center for Healthcare Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth A Blaber
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, United States of America
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, United States of America
- Blue Marble Space Institute of Science at NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California, United States of America
| | - Tannin A Schmidt
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Deva D Chan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, United States of America
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, United States of America
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
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Pang B, Wang H, Huang H, Liao L, Wang Y, Wang M, Du G, Kang Z. Enzymatic Production of Low-Molecular-Weight Hyaluronan and Its Oligosaccharides: A Review and Prospects. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:14129-14139. [PMID: 36300844 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a nonsulfated linear glycosaminoglycan with a negative charge. Different from the high-molecular-weight HAs, the low-molecular-weight HAs (LMW-HAs, 4-120 kDa) and hyaluronan oligosaccharides (O-HAs, <4 kDa) exhibit certain unique biological properties, owing to which these have a wide range of applications in the field of medicine. However, the chemical synthesis of high-purity LMW-HAs and O-HAs requires complex procedures, which renders this process difficult to achieve. The degradation of HA is achieved under the catalysis of hyaluronidases. In recent years, various hyaluronidase genes have been identified, and their enzymatic properties have been analyzed. In this context, the present review summarizes the hyaluronidases from different sources, which have been characterized. The review focuses on the crystal structure and the catalytic mechanism underlying the biological properties of hyaluronidases. In addition, the molecular weight distributions and the preparation approaches of the enzymatic products LMW-HAs and O-HAs are described. The general orientation of the research on hyaluronidases was speculated based on the existing literature. Accordingly, the efficient large-scale production of LMW-HAs and O-HAs using the green enzymatic approach was anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Pang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Bloomage Biotechnology Corp., Ltd., 678 Tianchen Avenue, Jinan 250010, China
| | - Hao Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Lizhi Liao
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Guocheng Du
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhen Kang
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
- The Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
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25
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Guvench O. Atomic-Resolution Experimental Structural Biology and Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Hyaluronan and Its Complexes. Molecules 2022; 27:7276. [PMID: 36364098 PMCID: PMC9658939 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes the atomic-resolution structural biology of hyaluronan and its complexes available in the Protein Data Bank, as well as published studies of atomic-resolution explicit-solvent molecular dynamics simulations on these and other hyaluronan and hyaluronan-containing systems. Advances in accurate molecular mechanics force fields, simulation methods and software, and computer hardware have supported a recent flourish in such simulations, such that the simulation publications now outnumber the structural biology publications by an order of magnitude. In addition to supplementing the experimental structural biology with computed dynamic and thermodynamic information, the molecular dynamics studies provide a wealth of atomic-resolution information on hyaluronan-containing systems for which there is no atomic-resolution structural biology either available or possible. Examples of these summarized in this review include hyaluronan pairing with other hyaluronan molecules and glycosaminoglycans, with ions, with proteins and peptides, with lipids, and with drugs and drug-like molecules. Despite limitations imposed by present-day computing resources on system size and simulation timescale, atomic-resolution explicit-solvent molecular dynamics simulations have been able to contribute significant insight into hyaluronan's flexibility and capacity for intra- and intermolecular non-covalent interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olgun Guvench
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Administration, School of Pharmacy, Westbrook College of Health Professions, University of New England, 716 Stevens Avenue, Portland, ME 04103, USA
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Suebthawinkul C, Babayev E, Zhou LT, Lee HC, Duncan FE. Quantitative morphokinetic parameters identify novel dynamics of oocyte meiotic maturation and cumulus expansion†. Biol Reprod 2022; 107:1097-1112. [PMID: 35810327 PMCID: PMC9562117 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Meiotic maturation and cumulus expansion are essential for the generation of a developmentally competent gamete, and both processes can be recapitulated in vitro. We used a closed time-lapse incubator (EmbryoScope+™) to establish morphokinetic parameters of meiotic progression and cumulus expansion in mice and correlated these outcomes with egg ploidy. The average time to germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD), time to first polar body extrusion (PBE), and duration of meiosis I were 0.91 ± 0.01, 8.82 ± 0.06, and 7.93 ± 0.06 h, respectively. The overall rate of cumulus layer expansion was 0.091 ± 0.002 μm/min, and the velocity of expansion peaked during the first 8 h of in vitro maturation (IVM) and then slowed. IVM of oocytes exposed to Nocodazole, a microtubule disrupting agent, and cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) to 4-methylumbelliferone, a hyaluronan synthesis inhibitor, resulted in a dose-dependent perturbation of morphokinetics, thereby validating the system. The incidence of euploidy following IVM was >90% for both denuded oocytes and intact COCs. No differences were observed between euploid and aneuploid eggs with respect to time to GVBD (0.90 ± 0.22 vs. 0.97 ± 0.19 h), time to PBE (8.89 ± 0.98 vs. 9.10 ± 1.42 h), duration of meiosis I (8.01 ± 0.91 vs. 8.13 ± 1.38 h), and overall rate and kinetics of cumulus expansion (0.089 ± 0.02 vs 0.088 ± 0.03 μm/min) (P > 0.05). These morphokinetic parameters provide novel quantitative and non-invasive metrics for the evaluation of meiotic maturation and cumulus expansion and will enable screening compounds that modulate these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanakarn Suebthawinkul
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Elnur Babayev
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Luhan Tracy Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hoi Chang Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Francesca E Duncan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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Scerra G, De Pasquale V, Scarcella M, Caporaso MG, Pavone LM, D'Agostino M. Lysosomal positioning diseases: beyond substrate storage. Open Biol 2022; 12:220155. [PMID: 36285443 PMCID: PMC9597170 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.220155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) comprise a group of inherited monogenic disorders characterized by lysosomal dysfunctions due to undegraded substrate accumulation. They are caused by a deficiency in specific lysosomal hydrolases involved in cellular catabolism, or non-enzymatic proteins essential for normal lysosomal functions. In LSDs, the lack of degradation of the accumulated substrate and its lysosomal storage impairs lysosome functions resulting in the perturbation of cellular homeostasis and, in turn, the damage of multiple organ systems. A substantial number of studies on the pathogenesis of LSDs has highlighted how the accumulation of lysosomal substrates is only the first event of a cascade of processes including the accumulation of secondary metabolites and the impairment of cellular trafficking, cell signalling, autophagic flux, mitochondria functionality and calcium homeostasis, that significantly contribute to the onset and progression of these diseases. Emerging studies on lysosomal biology have described the fundamental roles of these organelles in a variety of physiological functions and pathological conditions beyond their canonical activity in cellular waste clearance. Here, we discuss recent advances in the knowledge of cellular and molecular mechanisms linking lysosomal positioning and trafficking to LSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Scerra
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria De Pasquale
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Via Federico Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - Melania Scarcella
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Caporaso
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Michele Pavone
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo D'Agostino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
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He X, Wang S, Liu B, Jiang D, Chen F, Mao G, Jin W, Pan H, Zhong W. Sulfated modification of hyaluronan tetrasaccharide enhances its antitumor activity on human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells in vitro and in vivo. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 75:128945. [PMID: 35987509 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is a glycosaminoglycan polymer involved in cell phenotype change, inflammation modulation, and tumor metastasis progression. HA oligosaccharides have a higher solubility and drug-forming ability than polysaccharides. HA tetrasaccharide was reported as the smallest fragment required for inhibiting triple-negative breast cancer, but the anti-tumor activity of HA tetrasaccharide (HA4) and its sulfated derivatives in lung cancer is still unknown. In this study, HA4 was prepared via HA degradation by chondroitinase ABC (CSABC), while its sulfated derivatives were prepared by sulfur pyridine trioxide complex in N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF). Then, the anti-tumor activity was detected via MTT assay and xenograft tumor experiments, while the expression level change of apoptosis genes was analyzed by qRT-PCR. Electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) analysis showed several HA4 sulfated derivatives, GlcA2GlcNAc2 (SO3H)n contains 0-6 sulfation groups, which mainly contain 3-6, 2-3, and 0-1 sulfation groups were classified as HA4S1, HA4S2, and HA4S3, respectively. After the addition of 1.82 mg/mL HA4, HA4S1, HA4S2, and HA4S3, the cell viability of A549 cells was reduced to 81.2 %, 62.1 %, 50.3 %, and 65.9 %, respectively. Thus, HA4S2 was chosen for further measurement, the qRT-PCR results showed it significantly up-regulated the expression of genes in the apoptosis pathway. Moreover, HA4S2 exhibited stronger antitumor activity than HA4 in vivo and the tumor inhibition rate reached 36.90 %. In summary, this study indicated that the CSABC enzyme could effectively degrade HA into oligosaccharides, and sulfation modification was an effective method to enhance the antitumor activity of HA tetrasaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue He
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Sanying Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Bing Liu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Di Jiang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Fen Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Genxiang Mao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Weihua Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Hongying Pan
- Center for General Practice Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weihong Zhong
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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Modeling of the Senescence-Associated Phenotype in Human Skin Fibroblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137124. [PMID: 35806127 PMCID: PMC9266450 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern understanding of aging is based on the accumulation of cellular damage during one’s life span due to the gradual deterioration of regenerative mechanisms in response to the continuous effect of stress, lifestyle, and environmental factors, followed by increased morbidity and mortality. Simultaneously, the number of senescent cells accumulate exponentially as organisms age. Cell culture models are valuable tools to investigate the mechanisms of aging by inducing cellular senescence in stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) models. Here, we explain the three-step and one-step H2O2-induced senescence models of SIPS designed and reproduced on different human dermal fibroblast cell lines (CCD-1064Sk, CCD-1135Sk, and BJ-5ta). In both SIPS models, it was evident that the fibroblasts developed similar aging characteristics as cells with replicative senescence. Among the most noticeable senescent biomarkers were increased β-Gal expression, high levels of the p21 protein, altered levels of cell-cycle regulators (i.e., CDK2 and c-Jun), compromised extracellular matrix (ECM) composition, reduced cellular viability, and delayed wound healing properties. Based on the significant increase in senescence biomarkers in fibroblast cultures, reduced functional activity, and metabolic dysfunction, the one-step senescence model was chosen as a feasible and reliable method for future testing of anti-aging compounds.
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Vallet SD, Berthollier C, Ricard-Blum S. The glycosaminoglycan interactome 2.0. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 322:C1271-C1278. [PMID: 35544698 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00095.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are complex linear polysaccharides, which are covalently attached to core proteins (except for hyaluronan) to form proteoglycans. They play key roles in the organization of the extracellular matrix, and at the cell surface where they contribute to the regulation of cell signaling and of cell adhesion. To explore the mechanisms and pathways underlying their functions, we have generated an expanded dataset of 4290 interactions corresponding to 3464 unique GAG-binding proteins, four times more than the first version of the GAG interactome (Vallet and Ricard-Blum, 2021 J Histochem Cytochem 69:93-104). The increased size of the GAG network is mostly due to the addition of GAG-binding proteins captured from cell lysates and biological fluids by affinity chromatography and identified by mass spectrometry. We review here the interaction repertoire of natural GAGs and of synthetic sulfated hyaluronan, the specificity and molecular functions of GAG-binding proteins, and the biological processes and pathways they are involved in. This dataset is also used to investigate the differences between proteins binding to iduronic acid-containing GAGs (dermatan sulfate and heparin/heparan sulfate) and those interacting with GAGs lacking iduronic acid (chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronan, and keratan sulfate).
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Kainulainen K, Takabe P, Heikkinen S, Aaltonen N, Motte CDL, Rauhala L, Durst FC, Oikari S, Hukkanen T, Rahunen E, Ikonen E, Hartikainen JM, Ketola K, Pasonen-Seppänen S. M1 macrophages induce pro-tumor inflammation in melanoma cells via TNFR–NF-κB signaling. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:3041-3051.e10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Lung Hyaluronasome: Involvement of Low Molecular Weight Ha (Lmw-Ha) in Innate Immunity. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12050658. [PMID: 35625586 PMCID: PMC9138743 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a major component of the extracellular matrix. It is synthesized by hyaluronan synthases (HAS) into high-molecular-weight chains (HMW-HA) that exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions. In damaged, infected, and/or inflamed tissues, HMW-HA are degraded by hyaluronidases (HYAL) or reactive oxygen species (ROS) to give rise to low-molecular-weight HAs (LMW-HAs) that are potent pro-inflammatory molecules. Therefore, the size of HA regulates the balance of anti- or pro-inflammatory functions. The activities of HA depend also on its interactions with hyaladherins. HA synthesis, degradation, and activities through HA/receptors interactions define the hyaluronasome. In this review, a short overview of the role of high and low-molecular-weight HA polymers in the lungs is provided. The involvement of LMW-HA in pulmonary innate immunity via the activation of neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, and epithelial cells is described to highlight LMW-HA as a therapeutic target in inflammatory respiratory diseases. Finally, the possibilities to counter LMW-HA’s deleterious effects in the lungs are discussed.
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Lierova A, Kasparova J, Filipova A, Cizkova J, Pekarova L, Korecka L, Mannova N, Bilkova Z, Sinkorova Z. Hyaluronic Acid: Known for Almost a Century, but Still in Vogue. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:838. [PMID: 35456670 PMCID: PMC9029726 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) has a special position among glycosaminoglycans. As a major component of the extracellular matrix (ECM). This simple, unbranched polysaccharide is involved in the regulation of various biological cell processes, whether under physiological conditions or in cases of cell damage. This review summarizes the history of this molecule's study, its distinctive metabolic pathway in the body, its unique properties, and current information regarding its interaction partners. Our main goal, however, is to intensively investigate whether this relatively simple polymer may find applications in protecting against ionizing radiation (IR) or for therapy in cases of radiation-induced damage. After exposure to IR, acute and belated damage develops in each tissue depending upon the dose received and the cellular composition of a given organ. A common feature of all organ damage is a distinct change in composition and structure of the ECM. In particular, the important role of HA was shown in lung tissue and the variability of this flexible molecule in the complex mechanism of radiation-induced lung injuries. Moreover, HA is also involved in intermediating cell behavior during morphogenesis and in tissue repair during inflammation, injury, and would healing. The possibility of using the HA polymer to affect or treat radiation tissue damage may point to the missing gaps in the responsible mechanisms in the onset of this disease. Therefore, in this article, we will also focus on obtaining answers from current knowledge and the results of studies as to whether hyaluronic acid can also find application in radiation science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lierova
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (A.F.); (J.C.); (L.P.); (Z.S.)
| | - Jitka Kasparova
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (L.K.); (N.M.); (Z.B.)
| | - Alzbeta Filipova
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (A.F.); (J.C.); (L.P.); (Z.S.)
| | - Jana Cizkova
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (A.F.); (J.C.); (L.P.); (Z.S.)
| | - Lenka Pekarova
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (A.F.); (J.C.); (L.P.); (Z.S.)
| | - Lucie Korecka
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (L.K.); (N.M.); (Z.B.)
| | - Nikola Mannova
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (L.K.); (N.M.); (Z.B.)
| | - Zuzana Bilkova
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic; (J.K.); (L.K.); (N.M.); (Z.B.)
| | - Zuzana Sinkorova
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; (A.F.); (J.C.); (L.P.); (Z.S.)
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Thirumalaisamy R, Aroulmoji V, Iqbal MN, Saride S, Bhuvaneswari M, Deepa M, Sivasankar C, Khan R. Molecular insights of hyaluronic acid - ethambutol and hyaluronic acid - isoniazid drug conjugates act as promising novel drugs for the treatment of tuberculosis. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 41:3562-3573. [PMID: 35293842 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2051748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study examines cellular targeted drug delivery (CTDD) pattern of two novel Hyaluronic acid (HA) Tuberculosis Drug (TB) conjugates and its efficacy and strong binding affinity towards TB molecular protein targets. Two TB drugs ethambutol (EB) and isoniazid (IN) and their Hyaluronic acid conjugates (HA-EB & HA-IN) were tested for its metabolism, toxicity and excretion prediction through In silico tools they revealed hyaluronic acid conjugate of two TB drugs exhibited good drug profile over their free form of TB drugs. Further these four molecules subjected to In silico molecular docking study with four potential Mycobacterium tuberculosis target proteins (3PD8, 4Y0L, 5DZK and 6GAU). Molecular docking study revealed that hyaluronic conjugates (HA-EB & HA-IN) exhibit significant binding affinity and excellent docking scores with all screened molecular protein targets of TB over their free form of drug. Further molecular dynamic simulation was calculated for the four drug molecules (EB, IN, HA- EB & HA-IN) with DNA gyrase enzyme (PDB ID 6GAU) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the MDS results revealed that both the conjugates with the TB target protein possessed good number of interaction with binding pocket residues and good simulation scores than the free form of drugs.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Thirumalaisamy
- Department of Biotechnology, Sona College of Arts and Science, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Aroulmoji
- Centre for Research & Development, Mahendra Engineering College (Autonomous), Mallasamudram, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Shreyas Saride
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States
| | - M Bhuvaneswari
- Department of Biotechnology, Sona College of Arts and Science, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Deepa
- Postgraduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Muthurangam Govt. Arts College, Vellore, India
| | - C Sivasankar
- Catalysis and Energy Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Pondicherry, India
| | - Riaz Khan
- Rumsey, Berkshire, England, United Kingdom
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Díaz M, Pibuel M, Paglilla N, Poodts D, Álvarez E, Papademetrio DL, Hajos SE, Lompardía SL. 4-Methylumbelliferone induces antitumor effects independently of hyaluronan synthesis inhibition in human acute leukemia cell lines. Life Sci 2021; 287:120065. [PMID: 34678263 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Despite continuous improvement in the treatment of acute leukemia, new therapies are still needed to overcome resistance and reduce adverse effects. The aim of this work was to study the tumor-suppressive effects of 4-methylumbelliferone (4MU) in human acute leukemia cell lines. In addition, we aimed to address the extent of these effects in relation to the inhibition of hyaluronic acid (HA) synthesis. MAIN METHODS HA levels were measured by an ELISA-like assay. Human acute leukemia cell lines were treated with 4MU, HA or their combination. Cell proliferation was assessed by the [3H]-Tdr uptake assay, metabolic activity by the XTT assay and cell death was determined by DAPI, AO/EB and AnnexinV-PE/7-AAD staining. Senescence induction was evaluated by SA-β-Gal and C12FDG staining. Total and surface RHAMM expression levels were assessed by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. KEY FINDINGS 4MU reduced metabolic activity and inhibited cell proliferation in all leukemia cells, and these effects were explained by the induction of senescence or cell death depending on the cell line evaluated. Exogenous HA failed to prevent most of the tumor-suppressive effects observed. Results from this work suggest that the tumor-suppressive effects exerted by 4MU would be explained by HA-synthesis-independent mechanisms. SIGNIFICANCE These findings broaden the knowledge of 4MU as a potential treatment in acute leukemia. We report for the first time the existence of tumor-suppressive effects of 4MU on human acute leukemia cell lines that are independent of its role as HA-synthesis inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariángeles Díaz
- Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU)-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Matías Pibuel
- Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU)-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Inmunología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nadia Paglilla
- Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Inmunología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniela Poodts
- Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU)-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Inmunología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elida Álvarez
- Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU)-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Inmunología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniela L Papademetrio
- Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU)-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Inmunología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia E Hajos
- Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU)-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Inmunología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvina L Lompardía
- Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU)-CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Inmunología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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36
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RHAMM Is a Multifunctional Protein That Regulates Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910313. [PMID: 34638654 PMCID: PMC8508827 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The functional complexity of higher organisms is not easily accounted for by the size of their genomes. Rather, complexity appears to be generated by transcriptional, translational, and post-translational mechanisms and tissue organization that produces a context-dependent response of cells to specific stimuli. One property of gene products that likely increases the ability of cells to respond to stimuli with complexity is the multifunctionality of expressed proteins. Receptor for hyaluronan-mediated motility (RHAMM) is an example of a multifunctional protein that controls differential responses of cells in response-to-injury contexts. Here, we trace its evolution into a sensor-transducer of tissue injury signals in higher organisms through the detection of hyaluronan (HA) that accumulates in injured microenvironments. Our goal is to highlight the domain and isoform structures that generate RHAMM's function complexity and model approaches for targeting its key functions to control cancer progression.
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Li X, Zuo H, Zhang L, Sun Q, Xin Y, Zhang L. Validating HMMR Expression and Its Prognostic Significance in Lung Adenocarcinoma Based on Data Mining and Bioinformatics Methods. Front Oncol 2021; 11:720302. [PMID: 34527588 PMCID: PMC8435795 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.720302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid-mediated motility receptor (HMMR), a tumor-related gene, plays a vital role in the occurrence and progression of various cancers. This research is aimed to reveal the effect of HMMR in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). We first obtained the gene expression profiles and clinical data of patients with LUAD from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Then, based on the TCGA cohort, the HMMR expression difference between LUAD tissues and nontumor tissues was detected and verified with public tissue microarrays (TMAs), clinical LUAD specimen cohort, and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) cohort. Logistic regression analysis and chi-square test were adopted to study the correlation between HMMR expression and clinicopathological parameters. The effect of HMMR expression on survival was evaluated by Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and using the Cox regression model. Furthermore, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was utilized to screen out signaling pathways related to LUAD and the co-expression analysis was employed to build the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. The HMMR expression level in LUAD tissues was dramatically higher than that in nontumor tissues. Logistic regression analysis and chi-square test demonstrated that the high HMMR expression in LUAD has relation with gender, pathological stage, T classification, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis. The Kaplan–Meier curve suggested a poor prognosis for LUAD patients with high HMMR expression. Multivariate analysis implied that the high HMMR expression was a vital independent predictor of poor overall survival (OS). GSEA indicated that a total of 15 signaling pathways were enriched in samples with the high HMMR expression phenotype. The PPI network gave 10 genes co-expressed with HMMR. HMMR may be an oncogene in LUAD and is expected to become a potential prognostic indicator and therapeutic target for LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- First Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Haiwei Zuo
- School of Medical Information & Engineering, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qiuwen Sun
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yong Xin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Longzhen Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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38
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Fan T, Lu Z, Liu Y, Wang L, Tian H, Zheng Y, Zheng B, Xue L, Tan F, Xue Q, Gao S, Li C, He J. A Novel Immune-Related Seventeen-Gene Signature for Predicting Early Stage Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Prognosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:665407. [PMID: 34177903 PMCID: PMC8226174 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.665407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increasingly early stage lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) being discovered, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive analysis of the prognostic characteristics of early stage LUSC. Here, we developed an immune-related gene signature for outcome prediction of early stage LUSC based on three independent cohorts. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using CIBERSORT and ESTMATE algorithm. Then, a 17-immune-related gene (RPRM, APOH, SSX1, MSGN1, HPR, ISM2, FGA, LBP, HAS1, CSF2, RETN, CCL2, CCL21, MMP19, PTGIS, F13A1, C1QTNF1) signature was identified using univariate Cox regression, LASSO regression and stepwise multivariable Cox analysis based on the verified DEGs from 401 cases in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Subsequently, a cohort of GSE74777 containing 107 cases downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and an independent data set consisting of 36 frozen tissues collected from National Cancer Center were used to validate the predictive value of the signature. Seventeen immune-related genes were identified from TCGA cohort, which were further used to establish a classification system to construct cases into high- and low-risk groups in terms of overall survival. This classifier was still an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis. In addition, another two independent cohorts and different clinical subgroups validated the significant predictive value of the signature. Further mechanism research found early stage LUSC patients with high risk had special immune cell infiltration characteristics and gene mutation profiles. In conclusion, we characterized the tumor microenvironment and established a highly predictive model for evaluating the prognosis of early stage LUSC, which may provide a lead for effective immunotherapeutic options tailored for each subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Fan
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiliang Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Liyu Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - He Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yujia Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Liyan Xue
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fengwei Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shugeng Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chunxiang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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39
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Pan L, Ai X, Fu T, Ren L, Shang Q, Li G, Yu G. In vitro fermentation of hyaluronan by human gut microbiota: Changes in microbiota community and potential degradation mechanism. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 269:118313. [PMID: 34294327 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) has been widely used as a dietary supplement which can be degraded by gut microbiota. However, the interactions between HA and gut microbiota have not been fully characterized. Here, using an in vitro system, we found that HA is readily fermented by human gut microbiota but with differing fermentative activities among individuals. HA-fermentation boosted Bacteroides spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Dialister spp., Faecalibacterium spp. and produced a significant amount of acetate, propionate and butyrate. Fermentation products profiling indicated that HA could be degraded into unsaturated even-numbered and saturated odd-numbered oligosaccharides. Further, polysaccharide lyases (PLs) and glycoside hydrolases (GHs) including GH88, PL8, PL29, PL35 and PL33 were identified from B. ovatus E3, which can help to explain the structure of the fermentation products. Collectively, our study sheds new light into the metabolism of HA and forms the basis for understanding the bioavailability of HA from a gut microbiota perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Pan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xuze Ai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Tianyu Fu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Li Ren
- CP Pharmaceutical Qingdao Co., Ltd., Economic and Techchnological Development Zone, Qingdao 266432, China
| | - Qingsen Shang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Guoyun Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Guangli Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China.
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40
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Liao HX, Zhang ZH, Chen HL, Huang YM, Liu ZL, Huang J. CircHYBID regulates hyaluronan metabolism in chondrocytes via hsa-miR-29b-3p/TGF-β1 axis. Mol Med 2021; 27:56. [PMID: 34058990 PMCID: PMC8165762 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00319-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hyaluronan (HA) metabolism by chondrocytes is important for cartilage development and homeostasis. However, information about the function of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in HA metabolism is limited. We therefore profiled the role of the novel HA-related circRNA circHYBID in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Methods CircHYBID function in HA metabolism in chondrocytes was investigated using gain-of-function experiments, and circHYBID mechanism was confirmed via bioinformatics analysis and luciferase assays. The expression of circHYBID–hsa-miR-29b-3p–transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 axis was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. CircHYBID, TGF-β1, and HA levels in cartilage samples were evaluated using qRT-PCR and pathological examination. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to assess HA accumulation in chondrocyte supernatant. Results CircHYBID expression was significantly downregulated in damaged cartilage samples compared with that in the corresponding intact cartilage samples. CircHYBID expression was positively correlated with alcian blue score. Interleukin-1β stimulation in chondrocytes downregulated circHYBID expression and decreased HA accumulation. Gain-of-function experiments revealed that circHYBID overexpression in chondrocytes increased HA accumulation by regulating HA synthase 2 and HYBID expression. Further mechanism analysis showed that circHYBID upregulated TGF-β1 expression by sponging hsa-miR-29b-3p. Conclusions Our results describe a novel HA-related circRNA that could promote HA synthesis and accumulation. The circHYBID–hsa-miR-29b-3p–TGF-β1 axis may play a powerful regulatory role in HA metabolism and OA progression. Thus, these findings will provide new perspectives for studies on OA pathogenesis, and circHYBID may serve as a potential target for OA therapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-021-00319-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xing Liao
- Orthopedic Center, Meizhou People's Hospital, Huangtang Road No.63, Meizhou, 514000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhi-Hui Zhang
- Orthopedic Center, Meizhou People's Hospital, Huangtang Road No.63, Meizhou, 514000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Lin Chen
- Orthopedic Center, Meizhou People's Hospital, Huangtang Road No.63, Meizhou, 514000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Mei Huang
- Orthopedic Center, Meizhou People's Hospital, Huangtang Road No.63, Meizhou, 514000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan-Liang Liu
- Orthopedic Center, Meizhou People's Hospital, Huangtang Road No.63, Meizhou, 514000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Huang
- Orthopedic Center, Meizhou People's Hospital, Huangtang Road No.63, Meizhou, 514000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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41
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Jin M, Shi J, Zhu W, Yao H, Wang DA. Polysaccharide-Based Biomaterials in Tissue Engineering: A Review. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2021; 27:604-626. [PMID: 33267648 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In addition to proteins and nucleic acids, polysaccharides are an important type of biomacromolecule widely distributed in plants, animals, and microorganisms. Polysaccharides are considered as promising biomaterials due to their significant bioactivities, natural abundance, immunoactivity, and chemical modifiability for tissue engineering (TE) applications. Due to the similarities of the biochemical properties of polysaccharides and the extracellular matrix of human bodies, polysaccharides are increasingly recognized and accepted. Furthermore, the degradation behavior of these macromolecules is generally nontoxic. Certain delicate properties, such as remarkable mechanical properties and tunable tissue response, can be obtained by modifying the functional groups on the surface of polysaccharide molecules. The applications of polysaccharide-based biomaterials in the TE field have been growing intensively in recent decades, for example, bone/cartilage regeneration, cardiac regeneration, neural regeneration, and skin regeneration. This review summarizes the main essential properties of polysaccharides, including their chemical properties, crosslinking mechanisms, and biological properties, and focuses on the association between their structures and properties. The recent progress in polysaccharide-based biomaterials in various TE applications is reviewed, and the prospects for future studies are addressed as well. We intend this review to offer a comprehensive understanding of and inspiration for the research and development of polysaccharide-based materials in TE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Junli Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wenzhen Zhu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hang Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Dong-An Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR.,Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, P.R. China.,Karolinska Institute Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, HKSTP, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR
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42
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Karamanos NK, Theocharis AD, Piperigkou Z, Manou D, Passi A, Skandalis SS, Vynios DH, Orian-Rousseau V, Ricard-Blum S, Schmelzer CEH, Duca L, Durbeej M, Afratis NA, Troeberg L, Franchi M, Masola V, Onisto M. A guide to the composition and functions of the extracellular matrix. FEBS J 2021; 288:6850-6912. [PMID: 33605520 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 334] [Impact Index Per Article: 111.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic 3-dimensional network of macromolecules that provides structural support for the cells and tissues. Accumulated knowledge clearly demonstrated over the last decade that ECM plays key regulatory roles since it orchestrates cell signaling, functions, properties and morphology. Extracellularly secreted as well as cell-bound factors are among the major members of the ECM family. Proteins/glycoproteins, such as collagens, elastin, laminins and tenascins, proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans, hyaluronan, and their cell receptors such as CD44 and integrins, responsible for cell adhesion, comprise a well-organized functional network with significant roles in health and disease. On the other hand, enzymes such as matrix metalloproteinases and specific glycosidases including heparanase and hyaluronidases contribute to matrix remodeling and affect human health. Several cell processes and functions, among them cell proliferation and survival, migration, differentiation, autophagy, angiogenesis, and immunity regulation are affected by certain matrix components. Structural alterations have been also well associated with disease progression. This guide on the composition and functions of the ECM gives a broad overview of the matrisome, the major ECM macromolecules, and their interaction networks within the ECM and with the cell surface, summarizes their main structural features and their roles in tissue organization and cell functions, and emphasizes the importance of specific ECM constituents in disease development and progression as well as the advances in molecular targeting of ECM to design new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikos K Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece.,Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH)/Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Patras, Greece
| | - Achilleas D Theocharis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Zoi Piperigkou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece.,Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH)/Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Patras, Greece
| | - Dimitra Manou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Alberto Passi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Spyros S Skandalis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Demitrios H Vynios
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Véronique Orian-Rousseau
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems- Functional Molecular Systems, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Sylvie Ricard-Blum
- University of Lyon, UMR 5246, ICBMS, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Christian E H Schmelzer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS, Halle (Saale), Germany.,Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Laurent Duca
- UMR CNRS 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Team 2: Matrix Aging and Vascular Remodelling, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne (URCA), UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Reims, France
| | - Madeleine Durbeej
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Unit of Muscle Biology, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Nikolaos A Afratis
- Department Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Linda Troeberg
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Bob Champion Research and Education Building, Norwich, UK
| | - Marco Franchi
- Department for Life Quality Study, University of Bologna, Rimini, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Onisto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
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Essential hyaluronan structure for binding with hyaluronan-binding protein (HABP) determined by glycotechnological approach. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 251:116989. [PMID: 33142561 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronan specifically binds to aggrecan globular domain 1, which is often referred to as just hyaluronan binding protein (HABP), however, the hyaluronan carbohydrate structure recognized by HABP had not been studied in detail. The aim of the present study was to investigate the important structure of hyaluronan for binding to HABP. We prepared hybrid oligosaccharides from hyaluronan and chondroitin, with or without modification of the reducing or non-reducing terminus, as tools to determine the preferred structure of hyaluronan for binding to the HABP by a competitive ELISA-like method. The non-reducing terminal structure was critical, especially, the glucuronic acid (GlcUA) and N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) of the hyaluronan-unit are essential for complete HABP binding activity, and for any HABP binding activity, respectively. It is possible to replace GlcUAβ-1-3GlcNAc of the internal disaccharide units with GlcUAβ-1-3N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), if the chain length is decasaccharide or larger.
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Zheng J, Zhang C, Li Y, Jiang Y, Xing B, Du X. p21-activated kinase 6 controls mitosis and hepatocellular carcinoma progression by regulating Eg5. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1868:118888. [PMID: 33098954 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
P21-activated kinases 6 (PAK6) associated with many fundamental cellular processes in cancer including cell-cell adhesion, migration and apoptosis. Here, we report a novel function of PAK6 in mitosis. Expression of PAK6 peaks in the M phase. Knockdown of PAK6 increases cell number in G2/M and promotes cell proliferation. PAK6 specifically colocalizes with Eg5 in the centrosome. Depletion of PAK6 results in multipolar spindle and a simultaneous upregulation of Eg5. Further, the PAK6 depletion-induced multiple spindle and cell cycle progression is reversed by knockdown of Eg5. These data suggest that PAK6 regulates spindle formation and cell cycle by regulating Eg5 expression. Additionally, expression of PAK6 is upregulated when Eg5 is downregulated or inhibited. Thus, PAK6 and Eg5 negatively inter-regulate each other. Significantly, the effect of PAK6 expression on the outcome of the HCC patients is controlled by Eg5 expression. Inhibition of Eg5 reverses PAK6 depletion-promoted cell invasion. Collectively, our data indicate that the inter-regulation between PAK6 and Eg5 might promote the progression of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Zheng
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chunfeng Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Department I, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Baocai Xing
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Department I, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China.
| | - Xiaojuan Du
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100083, China.
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Zhang D, Liu J, Xie T, Jiang Q, Ding L, Zhu J, Ye Q. Oleate acid-stimulated HMMR expression by CEBPα is associated with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:2812-2827. [PMID: 33061798 PMCID: PMC7545721 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.49785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a type of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and has become a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are still elusive. Here, we identify hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor (HMMR) as a critical gene associated with NASH/HCC by combination of bioinformatic analysis and functional experiments. Analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between normal controls and NASH/HCC identified 5 hub genes (HMMR, UBE2T, TYMS, PTTG1 and GINS2). Based on the common DEGs, analyses of univariate and multivariate Cox regression and the area under the curve (AUC) value of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) indicate that HMMR is the most significant gene associated with NASH/HCC among five hub genes. Oleate acid (OA), one of fatty acids that induce cellular adipogenesis, stimulates HMMR expression via CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (CEBPα). CEBPα increases the expression of HMMR through binding to its promoter. HMMR promotes HCC cell proliferation in vitro via activation of G1/S and G2/M checkpoint transitions, concomitant with a marked increase of the positive cell cycle regulators, including cyclin D1, cyclin E, and cyclin B1. Knockdown of HMMR suppresses HCC tumor growth in nude mice. Our study identifies an important role of HMMR in NASH/HCC, and suggests that HMMR may be a useful target for therapy and prognostic prediction of NASH/HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyu Zhang
- Department of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jiahong Liu
- Department of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100850, China.,Department of Oncology, The Fourth Medical Center, PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Tian Xie
- Department of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Qiwei Jiang
- Department of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Lihua Ding
- Department of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jianhua Zhu
- Department of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100850, China.,Department of Oncology, The Fourth Medical Center, PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Qinong Ye
- Department of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100850, China
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Addition of High Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid to Fibroblast-Like Stromal Cells Modulates Endogenous Hyaluronic Acid Metabolism and Enhances Proteolytic Processing and Secretion of Versican. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071681. [PMID: 32668663 PMCID: PMC7407811 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We have examined the effect of exogenous linear chain high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HMW HA) on endogenously synthesized hyaluronic acid (HA) and associated binding proteins in primary cultures of fibroblast-like stromal cells that were obtained by collagenase digestion of the murine peripatellar fat pad. The cultures were expanded in DMEM that was supplemented with fetal bovine serum and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) then exposed to macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (MCSF) to induce macrophage properties, before activation of inflammatory pathways using E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Under all culture conditions, a significant amount of endogenously synthesized HA localized in LAMP1-positive lysosomal vesicles. However, this intracellular pool was depleted after the addition of exogenous HMW HA and was accompanied by enhanced proteolytic processing and secretion of de novo synthesized versican, much of which was associated with endosomal compartments. No changes were detected in synthesis, secretion, or proteolytic processing of aggrecan or lubricin (PRG4). The addition of HMW HA also modulated a range of LPS-affected genes in the TLR signaling and phagocytosis pathways, as well as endogenous HA metabolism genes, such as Has1, Hyal1, Hyal2, and Tmem2. However, there was no evidence for association of endogenous or exogenous HMW HA with cell surface CD44, TLR2 or TLR4 protein, suggesting that its physiochemical effects on pericelluar pH and/or ionic strength might be the primary modulators of signal transduction and vesicular trafficking by this cell type. We discuss the implications of these findings in terms of a potential in vivo effect of therapeutically applied HMW HA on the modification of osteoarthritis-related joint pathologies, such as pro-inflammatory and degradative responses of multipotent mesenchymal cells residing in the synovial membrane, the underlying adipose tissue, and the articular cartilage surface.
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He Z, Mei L, Connell M, Maxwell CA. Hyaluronan Mediated Motility Receptor (HMMR) Encodes an Evolutionarily Conserved Homeostasis, Mitosis, and Meiosis Regulator Rather than a Hyaluronan Receptor. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040819. [PMID: 32231069 PMCID: PMC7226759 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronan is an extracellular matrix component that absorbs water in tissues and engages cell surface receptors, like Cluster of Differentiation 44 (CD44), to promote cellular growth and movement. Consequently, CD44 demarks stem cells in normal tissues and tumor-initiating cells isolated from neoplastic tissues. Hyaluronan mediated motility receptor (HMMR, also known as RHAMM) is another one of few defined hyaluronan receptors. HMMR is also associated with neoplastic processes and its role in cancer progression is often attributed to hyaluronan-mediated signaling. But, HMMR is an intracellular, microtubule-associated, spindle assembly factor that localizes protein complexes to augment the activities of mitotic kinases, like polo-like kinase 1 and Aurora kinase A, and control dynein and kinesin motor activities. Expression of HMMR is elevated in cells prior to and during mitosis and tissues with detectable HMMR expression tend to be highly proliferative, including neoplastic tissues. Moreover, HMMR is a breast cancer susceptibility gene product. Here, we briefly review the associations between HMMR and tumorigenesis as well as the structure and evolution of HMMR, which identifies Hmmr-like gene products in several insect species that do not produce hyaluronan. This review supports the designation of HMMR as a homeostasis, mitosis, and meiosis regulator, and clarifies how its dysfunction may promote the tumorigenic process and cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengcheng He
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada; (Z.H.); (L.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Lin Mei
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada; (Z.H.); (L.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Marisa Connell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada; (Z.H.); (L.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Christopher A. Maxwell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada; (Z.H.); (L.M.); (M.C.)
- Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-6048752000 (ext. 4691)
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Salicylate suppresses the oncogenic hyaluronan network in metastatic breast cancer cells. Matrix Biol Plus 2020; 6-7:100031. [PMID: 33543028 PMCID: PMC7852211 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2020.100031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The oncogenic role of hyaluronan in several aspects of tumor biology has been well established. Recent studies by us and others suggest that inhibition of hyaluronan synthesis could represent an emerging therapeutic approach with significant clinical relevance in controlling different breast cancer subtypes, including triple-negative breast cancer. Epidemiological and preclinical studies have revealed the therapeutic potential of aspirin (acetyl salicylate), a classical anti-inflammatory drug, in patients with cancer. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. The present study demonstrates that salicylate, a break down product of aspirin in vivo, alters the organization of hyaluronan matrices by affecting the expression levels of hyaluronan synthesizing (HAS1, 2, 3) and degrading (HYAL-1, -2) enzymes, and that of hyaluronan receptor CD44. In particular, salicylate was found to potently activate AMPK, a kinase known to inhibit HAS2 activity, and caused a dose-dependent decrease of cell associated (intracellular and membrane-bound) as well as secreted hyaluronan, followed by the down-regulation of HAS2 and the induction of HYAL-2 and CD44 in metastatic breast cancer cells. These salicylate-mediated effects were associated with the redistribution of CD44 and actin cytoskeleton that resulted in a less motile cell phenotype. Interestingly, salicylate inhibited metastatic breast cancer cell proliferation and growth by inducing cell growth arrest without signs of apoptosis as evidenced by the substantial decrease of cyclin D1 protein and the absence of cleaved caspase-3, respectively. Collectively, our study offers a possible direction for the development of new matrix-based targeted treatments of metastatic breast cancer subtypes via inhibition of hyaluronan, a pro-angiogenic, pro-inflammatory and tumor promoting glycosaminoglycan.
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49
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Hyaluronan-CD44 axis orchestrates cancer stem cell functions. Cell Signal 2019; 63:109377. [PMID: 31362044 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The prominent role of CD44 in tumor cell signaling together with its establishment as a cancer stem cell (CSC) marker for various tumor entities imply a key role for CD44 in CSC functional properties. Hyaluronan, the main ligand of CD44, is a major constituent of CSC niche and, therefore, the hyaluronan-CD44 signaling axis is of functional importance in this special microenvironment. This review aims to provide recent advances in the importance of hyaluronan-CD44 interactions in the acquisition and maintenance of a CSC phenotype. Hyaluronan-CD44 axis has a substantial impact on stemness properties of CSCs and drug resistance through induction of EMT program, oxidative stress resistance, secretion of extracellular vesicles/exosomes and epigenetic control. Potential therapeutic approaches targeting CSCs based on the hyaluronan-CD44 axis are also presented.
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