1
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D'Amico G, Santonocito R, Grech G, Graceffa G, Cipolla C, Scalia F, Raccosta S, Manno M, Conway de Macario E, Macario AJL, Cappello F, Rappa F, Caruso Bavisotto C, Campanella C. MiRNAs in Extracellular Vesicles as Biomarkers in Plasma of Papillary Thyroid Cancer Patients: A Proof-of-Concept Study. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:743. [PMID: 39336170 PMCID: PMC11428722 DOI: 10.3390/biology13090743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of various types of cancer, for example, papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), is on the rise. Since therapeutic success depends greatly on early diagnosis, reliable diagnostic biomarkers must be identified, and easy-to-apply tools for detecting them must urgently be standardized. Here, we contribute to solving this medical challenge by assessing miRNAs suspected of promoting carcinogenesis in extracellular vesicles (EVs) that can be routinely obtained via liquid biopsy. We profit from current progress in cancerology that provides innovations in liquid biopsy and EVs analysis, along with the identification of miRNAs and chaperone system (CS) components implicated in carcinogenesis. METHODS We measured in EVs obtained from circulating blood plasma from PTC patients the levels of three miRNAs implicated in thyroid cancer, hsa-miR-1-3p, hsa-miR-206, and hsa-miR-221-3p, and most likely involved in the regulation of two members of the CS, Hsp60 and CCT. EVs were isolated from the plasma of patients with PTC and controls with benign goiter (BG) and from the culture medium of a PTC cell line (MDAT32) and were appropriately characterized. RESULTS The levels of miRNAs determined by RT-qPCR were consistently higher in PTC patients and decreased down to control levels after thyroidectomy. Bioinformatics showed that the miRNAs target genes are associated with the molecular pathogenesis of PTC. CONCLUSIONS Our exploratory study reaffirms the potential in clinics of the selected miRNAs in EVs as useful biomarkers of PTC easily accessible via liquid biopsy, which is minimally invasive and amenable to periodic repetition, an improvement compared to the established fine-needle aspirate biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppa D'Amico
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Radha Santonocito
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Godfrey Grech
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta
| | - Giuseppa Graceffa
- Department of Precision Medicine in the Medical, Surgical and Critical Area, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Calogero Cipolla
- Department of Precision Medicine in the Medical, Surgical and Critical Area, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Federica Scalia
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Samuele Raccosta
- Cell-Tech Hub, Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mauro Manno
- Cell-Tech Hub, Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy, 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Everly Conway de Macario
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland at Baltimore-Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology (IMET), Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90139 Palermo, Italy
| | - Alberto J L Macario
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland at Baltimore-Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology (IMET), Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90139 Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Cappello
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90139 Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesca Rappa
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- The Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Celeste Caruso Bavisotto
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90139 Palermo, Italy
| | - Claudia Campanella
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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2
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Indira M, Surendranath Reddy EC, Kamala Prasad V, Satyanarayana Swamy V, Kakarla RR, Venkata Krishna Reddy M, Attiri P, Vasu Govardhana Reddy P, Aminabhavi TM. Environmentally friendly and efficient TBHP-mediated catalytic reaction for the synthesis of substituted benzimidazole-2-ones: In-silico approach to pharmaceutical applications. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118760. [PMID: 38522741 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
A novel method was used to synthesize benzimidazole-2-ones from the corresponding benzimidazolium salts. These salts were subsequently reacted with potassium tertiary butoxide (KOtBu), followed by oxidation using tertiary butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP) at room temperature in tetrahydrofuran (THF) to obtain the desired products in 1 h with excellent yields. After optimizing the reaction conditions, the study focused on preparing benzimidazole-2-ones with diverse substituents at N1 and N3 positions, including benzyl, 2',4',6'-trimethyl benzyl groups, and long-chain aliphatic substituents (hexyl, octyl, decyl, and dodecyl). The compounds were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectra, of which compound 2a is supported by single crystal XRD. Benzimidazole-2-one compounds exhibited promising anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. The inhibition of mitochondrial Heat Shock Protein 60 (HSP60) of title compounds was also explored. Computational simulations were employed to assess anti-cancer properties of 19 benzimidazole-2-one derivatives (potential drugs). In-silico docking studies demonstrated promising binding interactions with HSP60, and these results were supported by molecular dynamics simulations. Notably, molecules 2b and 2d exhibited high affinity for HSP60 protein, highlighting their potential efficacy. The developed ligands were viable for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The findings provide valuable initial evidence supporting the efficacy of benzimidazole-2-ones as HSP60 inhibitors and lay the foundation for subsequent studies, including in-vitro assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meeniga Indira
- Department of Chemistry, Yogi Vemana University, Vemana Puram, Ganganapalle, Kadapa, 516005, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - E C Surendranath Reddy
- Department of Biotechnology, Yogi Vemana University, Vemana Puram, Ganganapalle, Kadapa, 516005, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - Vyshnava Satyanarayana Swamy
- Denisco Chemicals Pvt Ltd, D-24 Phase-1, Jeedimetla, Hyderabad, 500855, Telangana, India; Department of Biotechnology, University College of Sciences, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapuramu, 515003, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Raghava Reddy Kakarla
- School Chemical Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | | | - Pankaj Attiri
- Center of Plasma Nano-interface Engineering, Kyushu University, West Building 2, 744, Motooka, Nishi-ku, 819-0395, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Tejraj M Aminabhavi
- Center for Energy and Environment, School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, 580 031, India; School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248 007, India; Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
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3
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Wang Y, Ding S. Extracellular vesicles in cancer cachexia: deciphering pathogenic roles and exploring therapeutic horizons. J Transl Med 2024; 22:506. [PMID: 38802952 PMCID: PMC11129506 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05266-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer cachexia (CC) is a debilitating syndrome that affects 50-80% of cancer patients, varying in incidence by cancer type and significantly diminishing their quality of life. This multifactorial syndrome is characterized by muscle and fat loss, systemic inflammation, and metabolic imbalance. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, play a crucial role in the progression of CC. These vesicles, produced by cancer cells and others within the tumor environment, facilitate intercellular communication by transferring proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. A comprehensive review of the literature from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science reveals insights into the formation, release, and uptake of EVs in CC, underscoring their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. The review also explores therapeutic strategies targeting EVs, which include modifying their release and content, utilizing them for drug delivery, genetically altering their contents, and inhibiting key cachexia pathways. Understanding the role of EVs in CC opens new avenues for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, potentially mitigating the syndrome's impact on patient survival and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, 226001, P.R. China
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, P.R. China
| | - Shengguang Ding
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, 226001, P.R. China.
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4
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Virtuoso A, D’Amico G, Scalia F, De Luca C, Papa M, Maugeri G, D’Agata V, Caruso Bavisotto C, D’Amico AG. The Interplay between Glioblastoma Cells and Tumor Microenvironment: New Perspectives for Early Diagnosis and Targeted Cancer Therapy. Brain Sci 2024; 14:331. [PMID: 38671983 PMCID: PMC11048111 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14040331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) stands out as the most tremendous brain tumor, constituting 60% of primary brain cancers, accompanied by dismal survival rates. Despite advancements in research, therapeutic options remain limited to chemotherapy and surgery. GBM molecular heterogeneity, the intricate interaction with the tumor microenvironment (TME), and non-selective treatments contribute to the neoplastic relapse. Diagnostic challenges arise from GBM advanced-stage detection, necessitating the exploration of novel biomarkers for early diagnosis. Using data from the literature and a bioinformatic tool, the current manuscript delineates the molecular interplay between human GBM, astrocytes, and myeloid cells, underscoring selected protein pathways belonging to astroglia and myeloid lineage, which can be considered for targeted therapies. Moreover, the pivotal role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in orchestrating a favorable microenvironment for cancer progression is highlighted, suggesting their utility in identifying biomarkers for GBM early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assunta Virtuoso
- Laboratory of Neuronal Networks Morphology and System Biology, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.V.); (C.D.L.); (M.P.)
| | - Giuseppa D’Amico
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostic (BiND), Human Anatomy Section, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.D.); (F.S.)
| | - Federica Scalia
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostic (BiND), Human Anatomy Section, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.D.); (F.S.)
| | - Ciro De Luca
- Laboratory of Neuronal Networks Morphology and System Biology, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.V.); (C.D.L.); (M.P.)
| | - Michele Papa
- Laboratory of Neuronal Networks Morphology and System Biology, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.V.); (C.D.L.); (M.P.)
| | - Grazia Maugeri
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Sciences, University of Catania, 95100 Catania, Italy; (G.M.); (V.D.)
| | - Velia D’Agata
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Sciences, University of Catania, 95100 Catania, Italy; (G.M.); (V.D.)
| | - Celeste Caruso Bavisotto
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostic (BiND), Human Anatomy Section, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.D.); (F.S.)
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90139 Palermo, Italy
| | - Agata Grazia D’Amico
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy;
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5
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Zhang Q, Yuan Y, Cao S, Kang N, Qiu F. Withanolides: Promising candidates for cancer therapy. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1104-1158. [PMID: 38176694 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Natural products have played a significant role throughout history in the prevention and treatment of numerous diseases, particularly cancers. As a natural product primarily derived from various medicinal plants in the Withania genus, withanolides have been shown in several studies to exhibit potential activities in cancer treatment. Consequently, understanding the molecular mechanism of withanolides could herald the discovery of new anticancer agents. Withanolides have been studied widely, especially in the last 20 years, and attracted the attention of numerous researchers. Currently, over 1200 withanolides have been classified, with approximately a quarter of them having been reported in the literature to be able to modulate the survival and death of cancer cells through multiple avenues. To what extent, though, has the anticancer effects of these compounds been studied? How far are they from being developed into clinical drugs? What are their potential, characteristic features, and challenges? In this review, we elaborate on the current knowledge of natural compounds belonging to this class and provide an overview of their natural sources, anticancer activity, mechanism of action, molecular targets, and implications for anticancer drug research. In addition, direct targets and clinical research to guide the design and implementation of future preclinical and clinical studies to accelerate the application of withanolides have been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - YongKang Yuan
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shijie Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Kang
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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6
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Verro B, Saraniti C, Carlisi D, Chiesa-Estomba C, Maniaci A, Lechien JR, Mayo M, Fakhry N, Lauricella M. Biomarkers in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: The Literature Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5096. [PMID: 37894464 PMCID: PMC10604942 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15205096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is the second most common cancer among head and neck cancers. Despite a lower incidence of laryngeal carcinoma, new diagnostic techniques, and more targeted therapies, the overall survival has not changed significantly in the last decades, leading to a negative prognosis in advanced stages. Recently, several studies have focused on the identification of biomarkers that may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of LSCC. Reviewing the literature on the main databases, this study aims to investigate the role of some biomarkers in LSCC that are correlated with oxidative stress and inflammation: heat shock proteins; metallothioneins; nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2; heme oxygenase; cyclooxygenase-2; and micro ribonucleic acids. This review shows that biomarker expression depends on the type, grade of differentiation, stage, and site of carcinoma. In addition, the role of these biomarkers in LSCC is still little-known and little-studied. However, the study of biomarker expression and the detection of a possible correlation with patients' epidemiological, clinicopathological, and therapeutics data may lead to better awareness and knowledge of the tumor, to the identification of the best therapeutic strategy, and the most proper follow-up protocol tailored for each patient. In conclusion, the achievement of these goals may improve the prognosis of LSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Verro
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Carmelo Saraniti
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Daniela Carlisi
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (D.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Carlos Chiesa-Estomba
- Head and Neck Surgery Research Group of Young Otolaryngologists of International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 75000 Paris, France; (C.C.-E.); (A.M.); (J.R.L.); (M.M.); (N.F.)
- Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery Department, Donostia University Hospital, Biodonostia Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Deusto University, 20014 Donostia, Spain
| | - Antonino Maniaci
- Head and Neck Surgery Research Group of Young Otolaryngologists of International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 75000 Paris, France; (C.C.-E.); (A.M.); (J.R.L.); (M.M.); (N.F.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna “Kore”, 94100 Enna, Italy
| | - Jerome R. Lechien
- Head and Neck Surgery Research Group of Young Otolaryngologists of International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 75000 Paris, France; (C.C.-E.); (A.M.); (J.R.L.); (M.M.); (N.F.)
- Division of Laryngology and Bronchoesophagology, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Epicura Hospital, University of Mons, B7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Miguel Mayo
- Head and Neck Surgery Research Group of Young Otolaryngologists of International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 75000 Paris, France; (C.C.-E.); (A.M.); (J.R.L.); (M.M.); (N.F.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital San Rafael (HSR), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Nicolas Fakhry
- Head and Neck Surgery Research Group of Young Otolaryngologists of International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 75000 Paris, France; (C.C.-E.); (A.M.); (J.R.L.); (M.M.); (N.F.)
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery, La Conception University Hospital, Assistance Publique—Hopitaux de Marseille, Aix Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Marianna Lauricella
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (D.C.); (M.L.)
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7
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Yang G, Song T, Zhang H, Li M, Wei X, Zhou W, Wu C, Liu Y, Yang H. Stimulus-Detonated Biomimetic "Nanobomb" with Controlled Release of HSP90 Inhibitor to Disrupt Mitochondrial Function for Synergistic Gas and Photothermal Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300945. [PMID: 37200205 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Photothermal therapy (PTT) is considered a promising treatment for tumors; however, its efficacy is restricted by heat shock proteins (HSPs). Herein, a stimuli-responsive theranostic nanoplatform (M/D@P/E-P) is designed for synergistic gas therapy and PTT. This nanoplatform is fabricated by a load of manganese carbonyl (MnCO, CO donor) in dendritic mesoporous silicon (DMS), followed by the coating with polydopamine (PDA) and loading of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG, HSP90 inhibitor). Upon near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, the photothermal effect of PDA can kill tumor cells and allow for the controlled drug release of MnCO and EGCG. Moreover, the acidity and H2 O2 -rich tumor microenvironment enable the decomposition of the released MnCO, accompanied by the production of CO. CO-initiated gas therapy can realize to disrupt the mitochondrial function, which will accelerate cell apoptosis and down-regulate HSP90 expression by decreasing intracellular ATP. The combination of EGCG and MnCO can significantly minimize the thermo-resistance of tumors and improve PTT sensitivity. In addition, the released Mn2+ enables T1 -weighted magnetic imaging of tumors. The therapeutic efficacy of the nanoplatform is methodically appraised and validated both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, this study affords a prime paradigm for applying this strategy for enhanced PTT via mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, and School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China
| | - Ting Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, and School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China
| | - Hanxi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, and School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China
| | - Mengyue Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, and School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodan Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, and School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China
| | - Wanyi Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, and School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China
| | - Chunhui Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, and School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China
| | - Yiyao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, and School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, P. R. China
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Nano/Micro Biomedical Detection Technology, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, and School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China
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Kagami LP, Gonçalves IL, da Silva ÁC, Silva AC, das Neves GM, Göethel G, Spillere A, Dos Santos MR, Figueiró F, Garcia SC, Ávila DS, Battastini AMO, Eifler-Lima VL. LaSOM 335, active against bladder cancer cells, interferes with Let-60 (hRas) and reduces CD73 expression/activity. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:536-546. [PMID: 37272688 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the fourth most common malignancy in men. It can present along the entire continuum of severity, from mild to well-differentiated disease to extremely malignant tumors with low survival rates. Human RAS genes are the most frequently mutated oncogenes in human cancers, and the critical role of aberrant Ras protein function in carcinogenesis is well established. Therefore, considerable efforts have been devoted to the development of anti-Ras inhibitors for cancer treatment. This study presents the biphenyl dihydropyrimidinone LaSOM 335 with high activity against T24 bladder cancer cells (IC50 = 10.73 ± 0.53 μM) and selectivity of cytotoxicity for this cancer cell line compared to two non-cancer cell lines investigated. Furthermore, we also show that this compound reduced vulvar development in the mutant let-60 gene of Caenorhabditis elegans. Let-60 is a homolog of the mammalian Ras gene. In addition, we observed that LaSOM 335 inhibits the enzymatic activity of CD73 and decreases CD73 expression. Possibly, this expression decrease is due to downstream EGFR signaling via the Ras-Raf-ERK pathway, that directly regulates CD73 expression via ERK1/2. Evidence suggests that non-immunomodulating functions of CD73 play an equally important role for cancer cell survival, progression, and migration. Regarding we also notice that LaSOM 335 was safe in the in vivo model of C. elegans. The set of these findings makes this biphenyl dihydropyrimidinone a promising candidate for further investigations in the bladder cancer field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Porto Kagami
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Medicinal - LaSOM®, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Itamar Luís Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Medicinal - LaSOM®, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões-URI, Erechim, Brazil
| | - Álisson Coldebella da Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Aline Castro Silva
- Graduation Program in Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology in Caenorhabditis elegans, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Machado das Neves
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Medicinal - LaSOM®, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Göethel
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Medicinal - LaSOM®, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Adriano Spillere
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Medicinal - LaSOM®, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maitê Roxo Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Medicinal - LaSOM®, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Figueiró
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Solange Cristina Garcia
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analyses, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Daiana Silva Ávila
- Graduation Program in Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology in Caenorhabditis elegans, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Oliveira Battastini
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vera Lucia Eifler-Lima
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Medicinal - LaSOM®, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Sklirou AD, Gianniou DD, Karousi P, Cheimonidi C, Papachristopoulou G, Kontos CK, Scorilas A, Trougakos IP. High mRNA Expression Levels of Heat Shock Protein Family B Member 2 (HSPB2) Are Associated with Breast Cancer Patients’ Relapse and Poor Survival. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179758. [PMID: 36077156 PMCID: PMC9456243 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are ubiquitous ATP-independent chaperones that contribute to the maintenance of proteome integrity and functionality. Recent evidence suggests that sHSPs are ubiquitously expressed in numerous types of tumors and have been proposed to be implicated in oncogenesis and malignant progression. Heat shock protein family B member 2 (HSPB2) is a member of the sHSPs, which is found to be expressed, among others, in human breast cancer cell lines and constitutes an inhibitor of apical caspase activation in the extrinsic apoptotic pathway. In this study, we investigated the potential prognostic significance of HSPB2 mRNA expression levels in breast cancer, which represents the most frequent malignancy in females and one of the three most common cancer types worldwide. To this end, malignant breast tumors along with paired non-cancerous breast tissue specimens were used. HSPB2 expression levels were quantified in these two cohorts using a sensitive and accurate SYBR green-based quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-RT-PCR). Extensive biostatistical analyses were performed including Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression survival analyses for the assessment of the results. The significant downregulation of HSPB2 gene expression was revealed in breast tumors compared to their adjacent non-cancerous breast tissues. Notably, high HSPB2 mRNA expression predicts poor disease-free survival and overall survival of breast cancer patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that HSPB2 mRNA overexpression is a significant predictor of poor prognosis in breast cancer, independent of other clinicopathological factors. In conclusion, high HSPB2 mRNA expression levels are associated with breast cancer patients’ relapse and poor survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimilia D. Sklirou
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Despoina D. Gianniou
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Karousi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Cheimonidi
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Christos K. Kontos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15701 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (I.P.T.); Tel.: +30-210-727-4306 (A.S.); +30-210-727-4555 (I.P.T.)
| | - Ioannis P. Trougakos
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (I.P.T.); Tel.: +30-210-727-4306 (A.S.); +30-210-727-4555 (I.P.T.)
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Alberti G, Vergilio G, Paladino L, Barone R, Cappello F, Conway de Macario E, Macario AJL, Bucchieri F, Rappa F. The Chaperone System in Breast Cancer: Roles and Therapeutic Prospects of the Molecular Chaperones Hsp27, Hsp60, Hsp70, and Hsp90. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147792. [PMID: 35887137 PMCID: PMC9324353 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a major public health problem, with key pieces of information needed for developing preventive and curative measures still missing. For example, the participation of the chaperone system (CS) in carcinogenesis and anti-cancer responses is poorly understood, although it can be predicted to be a crucial factor in these mechanisms. The chief components of the CS are the molecular chaperones, and here we discuss four of them, Hsp27, Hsp60, Hsp70, and Hsp90, focusing on their pro-carcinogenic roles in BC and potential for developing anti-BC therapies. These chaperones can be targets of negative chaperonotherapy, namely the elimination/blocking/inhibition of the chaperone(s) functioning in favor of BC, using, for instance, Hsp inhibitors. The chaperones can also be employed in immunotherapy against BC as adjuvants, together with BC antigens. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) in BC diagnosis and management are also briefly discussed, considering their potential as easily accessible carriers of biomarkers and as shippers of anti-cancer agents amenable to manipulation and controlled delivery. The data surveyed from many laboratories reveal that, to enhance the understanding of the role of the CS in BS pathogenesis, one must consider the CS as a physiological system, encompassing diverse members throughout the body and interacting with the ubiquitin–proteasome system, the chaperone-mediated autophagy machinery, and the immune system (IS). An integrated view of the CS, including its functional partners and considering its highly dynamic nature with EVs transporting CS components to reach all the cell compartments in which they are needed, opens as yet unexplored pathways leading to carcinogenesis that are amenable to interference by anti-cancer treatments centered on CS components, such as the molecular chaperones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusi Alberti
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.A.); (G.V.); (R.B.); (F.C.); (F.B.); (F.R.)
| | - Giuseppe Vergilio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.A.); (G.V.); (R.B.); (F.C.); (F.B.); (F.R.)
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90139 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Letizia Paladino
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.A.); (G.V.); (R.B.); (F.C.); (F.B.); (F.R.)
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90139 Palermo, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Rosario Barone
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.A.); (G.V.); (R.B.); (F.C.); (F.B.); (F.R.)
| | - Francesco Cappello
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.A.); (G.V.); (R.B.); (F.C.); (F.B.); (F.R.)
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90139 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Everly Conway de Macario
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland at Baltimore-Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology (IMET), Baltimore, MD 21202, USA;
| | - Alberto J. L. Macario
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90139 Palermo, Italy;
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland at Baltimore-Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology (IMET), Baltimore, MD 21202, USA;
| | - Fabio Bucchieri
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.A.); (G.V.); (R.B.); (F.C.); (F.B.); (F.R.)
| | - Francesca Rappa
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (G.A.); (G.V.); (R.B.); (F.C.); (F.B.); (F.R.)
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11
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Therapeutic Strategy of Mesenchymal-Stem-Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Regenerative Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126480. [PMID: 35742923 PMCID: PMC9224400 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer membrane particles that play critical roles in intracellular communication through EV-encapsulated informative content, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are pluripotent stem cells with self-renewal ability derived from bone marrow, fat, umbilical cord, menstruation blood, pulp, etc., which they use to induce tissue regeneration by their direct recruitment into injured tissues, including the heart, liver, lung, kidney, etc., or secreting factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor or insulin-like growth factor. Recently, MSC-derived EVs have been shown to have regenerative effects against various diseases, partially due to the post-transcriptional regulation of target genes by miRNAs. Furthermore, EVs have garnered attention as novel drug delivery systems, because they can specially encapsulate various target molecules. In this review, we summarize the regenerative effects and molecular mechanisms of MSC-derived EVs.
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Li DY, Liang S, Wen JH, Tang JX, Deng SL, Liu YX. Extracellular HSPs: The Potential Target for Human Disease Therapy. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072361. [PMID: 35408755 PMCID: PMC9000741 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are highly conserved stress proteins known as molecular chaperones, which are considered to be cytoplasmic proteins with functions restricted to the intracellular compartment, such as the cytoplasm or cellular organelles. However, an increasing number of observations have shown that HSPs can also be released into the extracellular matrix and can play important roles in the modulation of inflammation and immune responses. Recent studies have demonstrated that extracellular HSPs (eHSPs) were involved in many human diseases, such as cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, and kidney diseases, which are all diseases that are closely linked to inflammation and immunity. In this review, we describe the types of eHSPs, discuss the mechanisms of eHSPs secretion, and then highlight their functions in the modulation of inflammation and immune responses. Finally, we take cancer as an example and discuss the possibility of targeting eHSPs for human disease therapy. A broader understanding of the function of eHSPs in development and progression of human disease is essential for developing new strategies to treat many human diseases that are critically related to inflammation and immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China; (D.-Y.L.); (S.L.); (J.-H.W.)
| | - Shan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China; (D.-Y.L.); (S.L.); (J.-H.W.)
| | - Jun-Hao Wen
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China; (D.-Y.L.); (S.L.); (J.-H.W.)
| | - Ji-Xin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China; (D.-Y.L.); (S.L.); (J.-H.W.)
- Correspondence: (J.-X.T.); (S.-L.D.); (Y.-X.L.)
| | - Shou-Long Deng
- National Health Commission of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
- Correspondence: (J.-X.T.); (S.-L.D.); (Y.-X.L.)
| | - Yi-Xun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Correspondence: (J.-X.T.); (S.-L.D.); (Y.-X.L.)
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13
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Fais S, Cappello F. SPECIAL ISSUE: The clinical relevance of exosomes in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 86:1-3. [PMID: 34715308 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Fais
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (National Institute of Health), Viale Regina Elena, 29900161, Roma, Italy.
| | - Francesco Cappello
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Anatomy & Histology, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 139, 90139, Palermo, Italy.
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