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Patel R, Cooper DE, Kadakia KT, Allen A, Duan L, Luo L, Williams NT, Liu X, Locasale JW, Kirsch DG. Targeting glutamine metabolism improves sarcoma response to radiation therapy in vivo. Commun Biol 2024; 7:608. [PMID: 38769385 PMCID: PMC11106276 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06262-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Diverse tumor metabolic phenotypes are influenced by the environment and genetic lesions. Whether these phenotypes extend to rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) and how they might be leveraged to design new therapeutic approaches remains an open question. Thus, we utilized a Pax7Cre-ER-T2/+; NrasLSL-G12D/+; p53fl/fl (P7NP) murine model of sarcoma with mutations that most frequently occur in human embryonal RMS. To study metabolism, we infuse 13C-labeled glucose or glutamine into mice with sarcomas and show that sarcomas consume more glucose and glutamine than healthy muscle tissue. However, we reveal a marked shift from glucose consumption to glutamine metabolism after radiation therapy (RT). In addition, we show that inhibiting glutamine, either through genetic deletion of glutaminase (Gls1) or through pharmacological inhibition of glutaminase, leads to significant radiosensitization in vivo. This causes a significant increase in overall survival for mice with Gls1-deficient compared to Gls1-proficient sarcomas. Finally, Gls1-deficient sarcomas post-RT elevate levels of proteins involved in natural killer cell and interferon alpha/gamma responses, suggesting a possible role of innate immunity in the radiosensitization of Gls1-deficient sarcomas. Thus, our results indicate that glutamine contributes to radiation response in a mouse model of RMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rutulkumar Patel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, 7200 Cambridge St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Daniel E Cooper
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Box 3085, Duke Cancer Center, Medicine Circle, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Kushal T Kadakia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Box 3085, Duke Cancer Center, Medicine Circle, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Annamarie Allen
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Box 3813, 308 Research Drive, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Likun Duan
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Box 3813, 308 Research Drive, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, NC State University, Box 7622, 128 Polk Hall, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Lixia Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Box 3085, Duke Cancer Center, Medicine Circle, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Nerissa T Williams
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Box 3085, Duke Cancer Center, Medicine Circle, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, NC State University, Box 7622, 128 Polk Hall, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Jason W Locasale
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Box 3813, 308 Research Drive, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, NC State University, Box 7622, 128 Polk Hall, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - David G Kirsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Box 3085, Duke Cancer Center, Medicine Circle, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Box 3813, 308 Research Drive, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, 149 College Street, Suite 504, Toronto, ON, M5T 1P5, Canada.
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Room 15-701, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada.
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2
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Palma FR, Coelho DR, Pulakanti K, Sakiyama MJ, Huang Y, Ogata FT, Danes JM, Meyer A, Furdui CM, Spitz DR, Gomes AP, Gantner BN, Rao S, Backman V, Bonini MG. Histone H3.1 is a chromatin-embedded redox sensor triggered by tumor cells developing adaptive phenotypic plasticity and multidrug resistance. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113897. [PMID: 38493478 PMCID: PMC11209755 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Chromatin structure is regulated through posttranslational modifications of histone variants that modulate transcription. Although highly homologous, histone variants display unique amino acid sequences associated with specific functions. Abnormal incorporation of histone variants contributes to cancer initiation, therapy resistance, and metastasis. This study reports that, among its biologic functions, histone H3.1 serves as a chromatin redox sensor that is engaged by mitochondrial H2O2. In breast cancer cells, the oxidation of H3.1Cys96 promotes its eviction and replacement by H3.3 in specific promoters. We also report that this process facilitates the opening of silenced chromatin domains and transcriptional activation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal genes associated with cell plasticity. Scavenging nuclear H2O2 or amino acid substitution of H3.1(C96S) suppresses plasticity, restores sensitivity to chemotherapy, and induces remission of metastatic lesions. Hence, it appears that increased levels of H2O2 produced by mitochondria of breast cancer cells directly promote redox-regulated H3.1-dependent chromatin remodeling involved in chemoresistance and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavio R Palma
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Diego R Coelho
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Kirthi Pulakanti
- Versiti Blood Research Institute of Wisconsin, and Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Marcelo J Sakiyama
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yunping Huang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Fernando T Ogata
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jeanne M Danes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Alison Meyer
- Versiti Blood Research Institute of Wisconsin, and Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Cristina M Furdui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Douglas R Spitz
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52245, USA
| | - Ana P Gomes
- Molecular Oncology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Benjamin N Gantner
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Sridhar Rao
- Versiti Blood Research Institute of Wisconsin, and Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Vadim Backman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University McCormick School of Engineering, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Marcelo G Bonini
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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3
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Johnson SS, Liu D, Ewald JT, Robles-Planells C, Christensen KA, Bayanbold K, Wels BR, Solst SR, O'Dorisio MS, Allen BG, Menda Y, Spitz DR, Fath MA. Auranofin Inhibition of Thioredoxin Reductase Sensitizes Lung Neuroendocrine Tumor Cells (NETs) and Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) Cells to Sorafenib as well as Inhibiting SCLC Xenograft Growth. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.05.07.539772. [PMID: 37215042 PMCID: PMC10197533 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.07.539772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Thioredoxin Reductase (TrxR) is a key enzyme in hydroperoxide detoxification through peroxiredoxin enzymes and in thiol-mediated redox regulation of cell signaling. Because cancer cells produce increased steady-state levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS; i.e., superoxide and hydrogen peroxide), TrxR is currently being targeted in clinical trials using the anti-rheumatic drug, auranofin (AF). AF treatment decreased TrxR activity and clonogenic survival in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines (DMS273 and DMS53) as well as the lung atypical (neuroendocrine tumor) NET cell line H727. AF treatment also significantly sensitized DMS273 and H727 cell lines in vitro to sorafenib, a multi-kinase inhibitor that was shown to decrease intracellular glutathione. The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of AF treatment in a mouse SCLC xenograft model was examined to maximize inhibition of TrxR activity without causing toxicity. AF was administered intraperitoneally at 2 mg/kg or 4 mg/kg (IP) once (QD) or twice daily (BID) for 1 to 5 days in mice with DMS273 xenografts. Plasma levels of AF were 10-20 μM (determined by mass spectrometry of gold) and the optimal inhibition of TrxR (50 %) was obtained at 4 mg/kg once daily, with no effect on glutathione peroxidase 1 activity. When this daily AF treatment was extended for 14 days a significant prolongation of median survival from 19 to 23 days (p=0.04, N=30 controls, 28 AF) was observed without causing changes in animal bodyweight, CBCs, bone marrow toxicity, blood urea nitrogen, or creatinine. These results show that AF is an effective inhibitor of TrxR both in vitro and in vivo in SCLC, capable of sensitizing NETs and SCLC to sorafenib, and supports the hypothesis that AF could be used as an adjuvant therapy with agents known to induce disruptions in thiol metabolism to enhance therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spenser S Johnson
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Dijie Liu
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Department Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Jordan T Ewald
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Claudia Robles-Planells
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Department Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Keegan A Christensen
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Khaliunaa Bayanbold
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Brian R Wels
- University of Iowa, State Hygienic Laboratory, Iowa City, IA, 52242
| | - Shane R Solst
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - M Sue O'Dorisio
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Department Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Bryan G Allen
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Yusuf Menda
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Department of Radiology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Douglas R Spitz
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
| | - Melissa A Fath
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
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4
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Yang Y, Huangfu L, Li H, Yang D. Research progress of hyperthermia in tumor therapy by influencing metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells. Int J Hyperthermia 2023; 40:2270654. [PMID: 37871910 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2023.2270654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular metabolic reprogramming is an important feature of malignant tumors. Metabolic reprogramming causes changes in the levels or types of specific metabolites inside and outside the cell, which affects tumorigenesis and progression by influencing gene expression, the cellular state, and the tumor microenvironment. During tumorigenesis, a series of changes in the glucose metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and cholesterol metabolism of tumor cells occur, which are involved in the process of cellular carcinogenesis and constitute part of the underlying mechanisms of tumor formation. Hyperthermia, as one of the main therapeutic tools for malignant tumors, has obvious effects on tumor cell metabolism. In this paper, we will combine the latest research progress in the field of cellular metabolic reprogramming and focus on the current experimental research and clinical treatment of hyperthermia in cellular metabolic reprogramming to discuss the feasibility of cellular metabolic reprogramming-related mechanisms guiding hyperthermia in malignant tumor treatment, so as to provide more ideas for hyperthermia to treat malignant tumors through the direction of cellular metabolic reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchuan Yang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Linkuan Huangfu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Huizhen Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Daoke Yang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
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5
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Mittal A, Nenwani M, Sarangi I, Achreja A, Lawrence TS, Nagrath D. Radiotherapy-induced metabolic hallmarks in the tumor microenvironment. Trends Cancer 2022; 8:855-869. [PMID: 35750630 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2022.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Radiation is frequently administered for cancer treatment, but resistance or remission remains common. Cancer cells alter their metabolism after radiotherapy to reduce its cytotoxic effects. The influence of altered cancer metabolism extends to the tumor microenvironment (TME), where components of the TME exchange metabolites to support tumor growth. Combining radiotherapy with metabolic targets in the TME can improve therapy response. We review the metabolic rewiring of cancer cells following radiotherapy and put these observations in the context of the TME to describe the metabolic hallmarks of radiotherapy in the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Mittal
- Laboratory for Systems Biology of Human Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Minal Nenwani
- Laboratory for Systems Biology of Human Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Itisam Sarangi
- Laboratory for Systems Biology of Human Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Abhinav Achreja
- Laboratory for Systems Biology of Human Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Theodore S Lawrence
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - Deepak Nagrath
- Laboratory for Systems Biology of Human Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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6
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Petronek MS, Stolwijk JM, Murray SD, Steinbach EJ, Zakharia Y, Buettner GR, Spitz DR, Allen BG. Utilization of redox modulating small molecules that selectively act as pro-oxidants in cancer cells to open a therapeutic window for improving cancer therapy. Redox Biol 2021; 42:101864. [PMID: 33485837 PMCID: PMC8113052 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a rapidly growing body of literature supporting the notion that differential oxidative metabolism in cancer versus normal cells represents a metabolic frailty that can be exploited to open a therapeutic window into cancer therapy. These cancer cell-specific metabolic frailties may be amenable to manipulation with non-toxic small molecule redox active compounds traditionally thought to be antioxidants. In this review we describe the potential mechanisms and clinical applicability in cancer therapy of four small molecule redox active agents: melatonin, vitamin E, selenium, and vitamin C. Each has shown the potential to have pro-oxidant effects in cancer cells while retaining antioxidant activity in normal cells. This dichotomy can be exploited to improve responses to radiation and chemotherapy by opening a therapeutic window based on a testable biochemical rationale amenable to confirmation with biomarker studies during clinical trials. Thus, the unique pro-oxidant/antioxidant properties of melatonin, vitamin E, selenium, and vitamin C have the potential to act as effective adjuvants to traditional cancer therapies, thereby improving cancer patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Petronek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - J M Stolwijk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - S D Murray
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - E J Steinbach
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Y Zakharia
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - G R Buettner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - D R Spitz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - B G Allen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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7
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Ye J, Wang Z, Chen X, Jiang X, Dong Z, Hu S, Li W, Liu Y, Liao B, Han W, Shen J, Xiao M. YTHDF1-enhanced iron metabolism depends on TFRC m 6A methylation. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:12072-12089. [PMID: 33204330 PMCID: PMC7667694 DOI: 10.7150/thno.51231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Among head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs), hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC) has the worst prognosis. Iron metabolism, which plays a crucial role in tumor progression, is mainly regulated by alterations to genes and post-transcriptional processes. The recent discovery of the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification has expanded the realm of previously undiscovered post-transcriptional gene regulation mechanisms in eukaryotes. Many studies have demonstrated that m6A methylation represents a distinct layer of epigenetic deregulation in carcinogenesis and tumor proliferation. However, the status of m6A modification and iron metabolism in HPSCC remains unknown. Methods: Bioinformatics analysis, sample analysis, and transcriptome sequencing were performed to evaluate the correlation between m6A modification and iron metabolism. Iron metabolic and cell biological analyses were conducted to evaluate the effect of the m6A reader YTHDF1 on HPSCC proliferation and iron metabolism. Transcriptome-wide m6A-seq and RIP-seq data were mapped to explore the molecular mechanism of YTHDF1 function in HPSCC. Results: YTHDF1 was found to be closely associated with ferritin levels and intratumoral iron concentrations in HPSCC patients at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital. YTHDF1 induced-HPSCC tumorigenesis depends on iron metabolism in vivo in vitro. Mechanistically, YTHDF1 methyltransferase domain interacts with the 3'UTR and 5'UTR of TRFC mRNA, then further positively regulates translation of m6A-modified TFRC mRNA. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function analyses validated the finding showing that TFRC is a crucial target gene for YTHDF1-mediated increases in iron metabolism. Conclusion: YTHDF1 enhanced TFRC expression in HPSCC through an m6A-dependent mechanism. From a therapeutic perspective, targeting YTHDF1 and TFRC-mediated iron metabolism may be a promising strategy for HPSCC.
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Zhou W, Yao Y, Scott AJ, Wilder-Romans K, Dresser JJ, Werner CK, Sun H, Pratt D, Sajjakulnukit P, Zhao SG, Davis M, Nelson BS, Halbrook CJ, Zhang L, Gatto F, Umemura Y, Walker AK, Kachman M, Sarkaria JN, Xiong J, Morgan MA, Rehemtualla A, Castro MG, Lowenstein P, Chandrasekaran S, Lawrence TS, Lyssiotis CA, Wahl DR. Purine metabolism regulates DNA repair and therapy resistance in glioblastoma. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3811. [PMID: 32732914 PMCID: PMC7393131 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17512-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intratumoral genomic heterogeneity in glioblastoma (GBM) is a barrier to overcoming therapy resistance. Treatments that are effective independent of genotype are urgently needed. By correlating intracellular metabolite levels with radiation resistance across dozens of genomically-distinct models of GBM, we find that purine metabolites, especially guanylates, strongly correlate with radiation resistance. Inhibiting GTP synthesis radiosensitizes GBM cells and patient-derived neurospheres by impairing DNA repair. Likewise, administration of exogenous purine nucleosides protects sensitive GBM models from radiation by promoting DNA repair. Neither modulating pyrimidine metabolism nor purine salvage has similar effects. An FDA-approved inhibitor of GTP synthesis potentiates the effects of radiation in flank and orthotopic patient-derived xenograft models of GBM. High expression of the rate-limiting enzyme of de novo GTP synthesis is associated with shorter survival in GBM patients. These findings indicate that inhibiting purine synthesis may be a promising strategy to overcome therapy resistance in this genomically heterogeneous disease. Targeting genotype-independent abnormalities may overcome therapy resistance in glioblastoma despite intratumoral genomic heterogeneity. Here, the authors show that glioblastoma radiation resistance is promoted by purine metabolism and can be overcome by inhibitors of purine synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Yangyang Yao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Andrew J Scott
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Kari Wilder-Romans
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Joseph J Dresser
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Christian K Werner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Hanshi Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Drew Pratt
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Peter Sajjakulnukit
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Shuang G Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Mary Davis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Barbara S Nelson
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Christopher J Halbrook
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Francesco Gatto
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Yoshie Umemura
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Angela K Walker
- Biomedical Research Core Facilities, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Maureen Kachman
- Biomedical Research Core Facilities, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55902, USA
| | - Jianping Xiong
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Meredith A Morgan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Alnawaz Rehemtualla
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Maria G Castro
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Pedro Lowenstein
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Sriram Chandrasekaran
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Theodore S Lawrence
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Daniel R Wahl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. .,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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9
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Spitz DR, Buettner GR, Limoli CL. Response to letter regarding "An integrated physico-chemical approach for explaining the differential impact of FLASH versus conventional dose rate irradiation on cancer and normal tissue responses". Radiother Oncol 2019; 139:64-65. [PMID: 31427044 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas R Spitz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, United States
| | - Garry R Buettner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, United States
| | - Charles L Limoli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, United States
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10
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Petronek MS, Spitz DR, Buettner GR, Allen BG. Linking Cancer Metabolic Dysfunction and Genetic Instability through the Lens of Iron Metabolism. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11081077. [PMID: 31366108 PMCID: PMC6721799 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential element that plays a fundamental role in a wide range of cellular functions, including cellular proliferation, DNA synthesis, as well as DNA damage and repair. Because of these connections, iron has been strongly implicated in cancer development. Cancer cells frequently have changes in the expression of iron regulatory proteins. For example, cancer cells frequently upregulate transferrin (increasing uptake of iron) and down regulate ferroportin (decreasing efflux of intracellular iron). These changes increase the steady-state level of intracellular redox active iron, known as the labile iron pool (LIP). The LIP typically contains approximately 2% intracellular iron, which primarily exists as ferrous iron (Fe2+). The LIP can readily contribute to oxidative distress within the cell through Fe2+-dioxygen and Fenton chemistries, generating the highly reactive hydroxyl radical (HO•). Due to the reactive nature of the LIP, it can contribute to increased DNA damage. Mitochondrial dysfunction in cancer cells results in increased steady-state levels of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide along with other downstream reactive oxygen species. The increased presence of H2O2 and O2•- can increase the LIP, contributing to increased mitochondrial uptake of iron as well as genetic instability. Thus, iron metabolism and labile iron pools may play a central role connecting the genetic mutational theories of cancer to the metabolic theories of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Petronek
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Free Radical Metabolism and Imaging Program, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Douglas R Spitz
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Free Radical Metabolism and Imaging Program, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Garry R Buettner
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Free Radical Metabolism and Imaging Program, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Bryan G Allen
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Free Radical Metabolism and Imaging Program, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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11
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Purohit V, Simeone DM, Lyssiotis CA. Metabolic Regulation of Redox Balance in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11070955. [PMID: 31288436 PMCID: PMC6678865 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11070955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are chemically active free radicals produced by partial reduction of oxygen that can activate discrete signaling pathways or disrupt redox homeostasis depending on their concentration. ROS interacts with biomolecules, including DNA, and can cause mutations that can transform normal cells into cancer cells. Furthermore, certain cancer-causing mutations trigger alterations in cellular metabolism that can increase ROS production, resulting in genomic instability, additional DNA mutations, and tumor evolution. To prevent excess ROS-mediated toxicity, cancer-causing mutations concurrently activate pathways that manage this oxidative burden. Hence, an understanding of the metabolic pathways that regulate ROS levels is imperative for devising therapies that target tumor cells. In this review, we summarize the dual role of metabolism as a generator and inhibitor of ROS in cancer and discuss current strategies to target the ROS axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinee Purohit
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Diane M Simeone
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Surgery, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Pathology, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Departments of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
- Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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