1
|
Tuncay G, Yuksekdag A, Mutlu BK, Koyuncu I. A review of greener approaches for rare earth elements recovery from mineral wastes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 357:124379. [PMID: 38885830 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The use of rare earth elements (REE) in many various fields, including high-tech products, increases the demand for these materials day by day. The production of REE from primary sources has expanded in response to increasing demand; however, due to its limited, a more sustainable supply is also started to offer for the REE demand by using secondary sources. The most commonly used metallurgical method for REE recovery is hydrometallurgical processes. However, it has some disadvantages, like pyrometallurgical methods. In the review, studies of the environmental impacts of REE production from primary sources and life cycle assessments of products containing REE were investigated. According to the results, it has been seen that those studies in the literature in which hydrometallurgical methods have changed to more environmentally friendly approaches have begun to increase. In this review, mine wastes, which are secondary sources, were defined, conventional methods of recovery of rare earth elements were discussed, greener approaches to the recovery of REE from these sources were comprehensively examined and studies in the literature were evaluated. Furthermore, it was stated that there are limited studies on green approaches and REE recovery from mineral wastes and that this field is developing with an emphasis on the current outlook and future perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Tuncay
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey; National Research Center on Membrane Technologies, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey; Turkish Energy, Nuclear and Mineral Research Agency (TENMAK) - Rare Earth Elements Research Institute (NATEN), Kahramankazan, 06980, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayse Yuksekdag
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey; National Research Center on Membrane Technologies, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Borte Kose Mutlu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey; National Research Center on Membrane Technologies, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ismail Koyuncu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey; National Research Center on Membrane Technologies, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abd Khalil AT, Shah Buddin MMH, Puasa SW, Ahmad AL. Reuse of waste cooking oil (WCO) as diluent in green emulsion liquid membrane (GELM) for zinc extraction. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:45244-45258. [PMID: 36705837 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25208-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) was identified as one of the most toxic heavy metals and often found contaminating the water sources as a result of inefficient treatment of industrial effluent. A green emulsion liquid membrane (GELM) was proposed in this study as a method to minimize the concentration of Zn ions in an aqueous solution. Instead of the common petroleum-based diluent, the emulsion is reformulated with untreated waste cooking oil (WCO) collected from the food industry as a sustainable and cheaper diluent. It also includes Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (D2EHPA) as a carrier, Span 80 as a surfactant, sulfuric acid (H2SO4) as an internal phase, and ZnSO4 solution as an external phase. Such formulation requires a thorough understanding of the oil characteristics as well as the interaction of the components in the membrane phase. The compatibility of WCO and D2EHPA, as well as the external phase pH, was confirmed via a liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) method. To obtain the best operating conditions for Zn extraction using GELM, the extraction time and speed, carrier, surfactant and internal phase concentrations, and W/O ratio were varied. 95.17% of Zn ions were removed under the following conditions; 0.001 M of H2SO4 in external phase, 700 rpm extraction speed for 10 min, 8 wt% of carrier and 4 wt% of surfactant concentrations, 1:4 of W/O ratio, and 1 M of internal phase concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afiqah Tasneem Abd Khalil
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Siti Wahidah Puasa
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Abdul Latif Ahmad
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia Engineering Campus, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Coordination extraction for separating vanadium and impurities from black shale HCl leachate at low pH using D2EHPA and EHEHPA mixture. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
4
|
Reactive extraction evaluation for vanadium (V) removal in the MRDC column using axial dispersion and central composition approach. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-022-1239-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
5
|
Wang L, Xue N, Zhang Y, Hu P. Enhanced vanadium adsorption performance on aminophosphonic chelating resin with oxalic acid regeneration. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
6
|
Yu Z, Fan Y, Liu T, Zhang Y, Hu P. Surface Modification of Biomass with Di-(2-Ethylhexyl)phosphoric Acid and Its Use for Vanadium Adsorption. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7300. [PMID: 36295365 PMCID: PMC9607080 DOI: 10.3390/ma15207300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The method of carbonizing biomass using di-(2-Ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid and tributyl phosphate impregnation (SICB) was studied in this research. SICB combines the benefits of an extractant and an ion exchange resin. The adsorption and desorption properties of vanadium were investigated, and the adsorption mechanism was analyzed. The results showed that the carrier was first prepared at a temperature of 1073.15 K using sawdust as a biomass substitute and then cooled to room temperature. The best adsorption performance was obtained by impregnating the carriers with di-(2-Ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid and tributyl phosphate for 60 min. The vanadium adsorption rate of 98.12% was achieved using the biomass at an initial V(IV) solution concentration of 1.1 g/L, a pH value of 1.6, and a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:20 g·mL for 24 h. Using 25 wt.% sulfuric acid solution as desorbent, the desorption rate of vanadium was as high as 98.36%. The analysis showed that the adsorption of vanadium by SICB was chemisorption, and the adsorption process was more consistent with the proposed second-order kinetic equation. Therefore, SICB has high selectivity and high saturation capacity because of the mesopores and micropores produced by carbonization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhekun Yu
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Strategic Vanadium Resources Utilization, Wuhan 430081, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Cleaning Utilization for Shale Vanadium Resource, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Yong Fan
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Strategic Vanadium Resources Utilization, Wuhan 430081, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Cleaning Utilization for Shale Vanadium Resource, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Tao Liu
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Strategic Vanadium Resources Utilization, Wuhan 430081, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Cleaning Utilization for Shale Vanadium Resource, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Yimin Zhang
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Strategic Vanadium Resources Utilization, Wuhan 430081, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Cleaning Utilization for Shale Vanadium Resource, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Pengcheng Hu
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Strategic Vanadium Resources Utilization, Wuhan 430081, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Cleaning Utilization for Shale Vanadium Resource, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tang Y, Ye G, Zhang H, Kang X, Zhu S, Liang X. Solvent extraction of vanadium with D2EHPA from aqueous leachate of stone coal after low–temperature sulfation roasting. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
8
|
Efficient separation and recovery of V(V) from Cr(VI) in aqueous solution using new task-specific ionic liquid of [C12H25NH3][Cyanex 272]. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
|
9
|
Khalil ATA, Buddin MMHS, Puasa SW, Ahmad AL. Reuse of Waste Cooking Oil (WCO) as Diluent in Green Emulsion Liquid Membrane (GELM) for Zinc Extraction.. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1251988/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) was identified as one of the most toxic heavy metals and often found contaminating the water sources as a result of inefficient treatment of industrial effluent. A Green Emulsion Liquid Membrane (GELM) was proposed in this study as a method to minimize the concentration of Zn ions in an aqueous solution. Instead of the common petroleum-based diluent, the emulsion is reformulated with untreated waste cooking oil (WCO) collected from the food industry as a sustainable and cheaper diluent. It also includes Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (D2EHPA) as carrier, Span 80 as surfactant, sulfuric acid (H2SO4) as internal phase and ZnSO4 solution as external phase. Such formulation requires a thorough understanding of the oil characteristics as well as the interaction of the components in the membrane phase. The compatibility of WCO and D2EHPA, as well as the external phase pH was confirmed via liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) method. To obtain the best operating conditions for Zn extraction using GELM, the extraction time and speed, carrier, surfactant and internal phase concentrations, and W/O ratio were varied. 95.17% of Zn ions were removed under the following conditions; 0.001M of H2SO4 in external phase, 700 rpm extraction speed for 10 minutes, 8 wt% of carrier and 4 wt% of surfactant concentrations, 1:4 of W/O ratio and 1 M of internal phase concentration.
Collapse
|
10
|
Vanadium(IV) solvent extraction enhancement in high acidity using di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid with [Cl−] present: an experimental and theoretical study. Front Chem Sci Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-022-2185-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
11
|
He Y, Zhang Y, Huang J, Zheng Q, Liu H. Extraction of vanadium(V) from a vanadium-bearing shale leachate through bifunctional coordination in Mextral 984H extraction system. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
12
|
Source removal of iron and aluminum impurities over vanadium in phosphate-sulfate complex anionic leaching system of the black shale. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2022.104270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
13
|
Controlled Hydrothermal Precipitation of Alunite and Natroalunite in High-Aluminum Vanadium-Bearing Aqueous System. MINERALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/min11080892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
During the acid leaching process of black shale, with the destruction of the aluminosilicate mineral structure, a large amount of aluminum (Al) is leached, accompanied by the release of vanadium (V). To separate aluminum from the vanadium-containing solution, the precipitation behavior of aluminum ions (Al3+) was investigated under hydrothermal conditions with the formation of alunite and natroalunite. In the solution environment, alunite and natroalunite are able to form stably by the Al3+ hydrolysis precipitation process at a temperature of 200 °C, a pH value of 0.4 and a reaction time of 5 h. When Al3+ was precipitated at a K/Al molar ratio of 1, the aluminum precipitation efficiency and the vanadium precipitation efficiency were 64.77% and 1.72%, respectively. However, when Al3+ was precipitated at a Na/Al molar ratio of 1, the precipitation efficiency of the aluminum decreased to 48.71% and the vanadium precipitation efficiency increased to 4.36%. The thermodynamics and kinetics results showed that alunite forms more easily than natroalunite, and the reaction rate increases with increasing temperature, and the precipitation is controlled by the chemical reaction. Vanadium loss increases as the pH value increases. It can be deduced that the ion state of tetravalent vanadium (VO2+) was transformed into the ion state of pentavalent vanadium (VO2+) in the hydrothermal environment. The VO2+ can be adsorbed on the alunite or natroalunite as a result of their negative surface charges, ultimately leading to vanadium loss.
Collapse
|
14
|
Efficient separation of black shale-hosted vanadium induced by formation of kalunite-jarosite solid solution in two-stage pressurized acid leaching coupled with lixivium recycling. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
15
|
Allahkarami E, Rezai B, Bozorgmehr M, Adib S. Synergistic solvent extraction of neodymium form nitric acid medium using Cyanex 302 and D2EHPA. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202100068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Allahkarami
- Mining Engineering Department Amirkabir university of technology Tehran Iran
| | - Bahram Rezai
- Mining Engineering Department Amirkabir university of technology Tehran Iran
| | - Mohsen Bozorgmehr
- Department of Materials Engineering Malek Ashtar University of Technology Shahin shahr Iran
| | - Saeed Adib
- School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran Iran
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Li W, Niu Z, Zhu X. Recovery of iron by jarosite crystallization and separation of vanadium by solvent extraction with extractant 7101 from titanium white waste liquid (TWWL). WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021; 83:2025-2037. [PMID: 33905370 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The jarosite crystallization and new extractant system for extractant 7101 was used to separate iron and extract vanadium from titanium white waste liquid (TWWL). The influence factors and mechanisms of crystallization and solvent extraction were investigated and analyzed using SEM-EDS, XRD, FT-IR, solution thermodynamic theory and extraction isothermal curve. More than 97% of iron was precipitated with the following conditions: potassium chlorate 15 g/L, pH value of 1.6, temperature of 95 °C and time of 90 min, in which the crystallization product was jarosite with a purity of 99.5%; the pH value of the solution decreased after precipitation. The extraction efficiency of vanadium reached 88.6% with 10% Fe, 5% Al(III) but less for Mg(II), K(I) and Na(I) under the conditions X7101 of 0.5, pH value of 2.0, time of 4 min and stirring speed of 40 r/min. The extraction of metal ions occurred in the order V(V) > Fe(III) > Al(III) > Mg(II) > K(I). Vanadium minimally existed as H2V10O284- at pH 2.0, and the functional groups NH and C-N contributed to vanadium extraction using the extractant 7101. Four stages extraction and three stages of re-extraction were predicated by McCable-Thiele plots.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wang Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo Henan 454000, China E-mail:
| | - Zepeng Niu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo Henan 454000, China E-mail:
| | - Xiaobo Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo Henan 454000, China E-mail: ; Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Mine Safety of Henan Province, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo Henan 454000, China and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan Hubei 430081, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Selective Recovery of Molybdenum over Rhenium from Molybdenite Flue Dust Leaching Solution Using PC88A Extractant. METALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/met10111423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Selective solvent extraction of molybdenum over rhenium from molybdenite (MoS2) flue dust leaching solution was studied. In the present work, thermodynamic calculations of the chemical equilibria in aqueous solution were first performed, and the potential–pH diagram for the Mo–Re–SO42−–H2O system was constructed. With the gained insight on the system, 2-ethylhexyl phosphonic acid mono-(2-ethylhexyl)-ester (PC88A) diluted in kerosene was used as the extractant agent. Keeping constant the reaction temperature and aqueous-to-organic phase ratio (1:1), organic phase concentration and pH were the studied experimental variables. It was observed that by increasing the acidity of the solution and extractant concentration, selectivity towards Mo extraction increased, while the opposite was true for Re extraction. Selective Mo removal (+95%) from leach solution containing ca. 9 g/L Mo and 0.5 g/L Re was achieved when using an organic phase of 5% PC88A at pH = 0. No rhenium was coextracted during 10 min of extraction time at room temperature. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed in order to study the interactions of organic extractants with Mo and Re ions, permitting a direct comparison of calculation results with the experimental data to estimate selectivity factors in Mo–Re separation. For this aim, PC88A and D2EHPA (di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid) were simulated. The interaction energies of D2EHPA were shown to be higher than those of PC88A, which could be due to its stronger capability for complex formation. Besides, it was found that the interaction energies of both extractants follow this trend considering Mo species: MoO22+ > MoO42−. It was also demonstrated through DFT calculations that the interaction energies of D2EHPA and PC88A with species are based on these trends, respectively: MoO22+ > MoO42− > ReO4− and MoO22+ > ReO4− > MoO42−, in qualitative agreement with the experimental findings.
Collapse
|
18
|
Environmentally friendly comprehensive hydrometallurgical method development for neodymium recovery from mixed rare earth aqueous solutions using organo-phosphorus derivatives. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16911. [PMID: 33037283 PMCID: PMC7547677 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74041-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Rare earth elements (REEs) have obtained a greatest significant in human lives owing to their important roles in various high technology applications. The present method development was deal technology important REEs such as neodymium, terbium and dysprosium, selective extraction with possible separation and recovery studies, successfully. The chloride mediated mixed aqueous solution containing 1500 mg/L each of REEs such as Nd, Tb and Dy was subjected at selective separation of Nd from other associated REEs. Three organo-phosphorous based commercial extracting agents such as Cyanex 272, PC 88A and D2EHPA, were employed for the extraction, possible separation and recovery of rare earth elements. A comparative extraction behavior of all these three extractants as function of time, pH influence, extractant concentration, temperature and diluents were systematically investigated. The extraction tendency of organo-phosphorus reagents towards the extraction of either of the REEs follows of the sequence as: D2EHPA > PC 88A > Cyanex 272. The thermodynamic behavior of either of the extractants on liquid-liquid extraction processing of REEs was investigated and thermodynamic calculations were calculated and presented. Substantial recovery of neodymium oxalate followed by its calcined product as neodymium oxide was ascertained from XRD study and SEM-EDS analysis.
Collapse
|
19
|
Separation and recovery of vanadium and aluminum from oxalic acid leachate of shale by solvent extraction with Aliquat 336. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
20
|
Petranikova M, Tkaczyk AH, Bartl A, Amato A, Lapkovskis V, Tunsu C. Vanadium sustainability in the context of innovative recycling and sourcing development. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 113:521-544. [PMID: 32540171 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This paper addresses the sustainability of vanadium, taking into account the current state-of-the-art related to primary and secondary sources, substitution, production, and market developments. Vanadium plays a critical role in several strategic industrial applications including steel production and probable widespread utilization in next-generation batteries. Confirming the importance of vanadium, the European Commission identified and formally registered this metal on the 2017 list of Critical Raw Materials for the European Union. The United States and Canada have also addressed the importance of this metal. Like the European economy, the American and Canadian economies rely on vanadium and are not globally independent. This recognized importance of vanadium is driving many efforts in academia and industry to develop technologies for the utilization of secondary vanadium resources using hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical techniques. In this paper, current efforts and their outcomes are summarized along with the most recent patents for vanadium recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Petranikova
- Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Kemivägen 4, 421 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - A H Tkaczyk
- University of Tartu, Institute of Technology, Ravila Street 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - A Bartl
- TU Wien, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Getreidemarkt 9/166, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - A Amato
- Polytechnic University of Marche, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences-DiSVA, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - V Lapkovskis
- Riga Technical University, Scientific Laboratory of Powder Materials & Institute of Aeronautics, 6B Kipsalas Str, Lab. 110, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
| | - C Tunsu
- Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Kemivägen 4, 421 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cueva Sola AB, Parhi PK, Lee JY, Kang HN, Jyothi RK. Environmentally friendly approach to recover vanadium and tungsten from spent SCR catalyst leach liquors using Aliquat 336. RSC Adv 2020; 10:19736-19746. [PMID: 35520398 PMCID: PMC9054128 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra02229b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This research paper deals with an environmentally friendly approach for the treatment of spent selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst. To recover vanadium (V) and tungsten (W) from spent SCR catalyst, leach liquors from hydrometallurgical processing were utilized to develop a proper methodology for extraction and possible separation of vanadium and tungsten from each other. This study investigated the solvent extraction (also called liquid-liquid extraction) of vanadium and tungsten utilizing the alkaline roasted leached solution containing approximately ∼7 g L-1 of tungsten and ∼0.7 g L-1 of vanadium. The commercial extractant, N-methyl-N,N,N-tri-octyl-ammonium chloride [R3NCH3]+Cl- (commercial name Aliquat 336), was dissolved in Exxsol™ D80 (diluent) system and adopted in this research. Solvent extraction studies were performed to determine the following experimental parameters: equilibrium pH, extractant concentration, diluent influence, chloride ion concentration, temperature, and stripping reagent concentration, which were systematically scanned to ascertain the optimum conditions for quantitative extraction of both title metals. An anion exchange mechanism was proposed using the quaternary ammonium chloride solvent reagent after slope analysis. Excess supplement of chloride proved to have adverse effects, further supporting the extraction mechanism. Thermodynamics results show positive values for enthalpy (ΔH) for vanadium and tungsten, favoring the endothermic nature of the extraction reaction towards the uptake of either metal. McCabe-Thiele plots for extraction were constructed, suggesting 2 and 3 stages for vanadium and tungsten extraction, respectively, at the aqueous (A) to organic (O) phase ratio of 7 : 1, ensuring more than 99.9% and 7-fold enrichment of both title metals. The stripping trend follows the order: (NaOH + NaCl) > (NaOH + NaNO3) > NaOH > NaNO3 > NaCl. Stripping isotherm followed by stripping counter-current (CCS) study was carried out for quantitative stripping of the metals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Belen Cueva Sola
- Convergence Research Center for Development of Mineral Resources (DMR), Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) Daejeon 34132 Korea +82-42-868-3421 +82-42-868-3313
- Department of Resource Recycling, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST) Daejeon 34113 Korea
| | - Pankaj Kumar Parhi
- Convergence Research Center for Development of Mineral Resources (DMR), Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) Daejeon 34132 Korea +82-42-868-3421 +82-42-868-3313
- School of Chemical Technology, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) Deemed to be a University Bhubaneswar 751 024 Odisha India
| | - Jin-Young Lee
- Convergence Research Center for Development of Mineral Resources (DMR), Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) Daejeon 34132 Korea +82-42-868-3421 +82-42-868-3313
- Department of Resource Recycling, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST) Daejeon 34113 Korea
| | - Hee Nam Kang
- Convergence Research Center for Development of Mineral Resources (DMR), Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) Daejeon 34132 Korea +82-42-868-3421 +82-42-868-3313
| | - Rajesh Kumar Jyothi
- Convergence Research Center for Development of Mineral Resources (DMR), Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) Daejeon 34132 Korea +82-42-868-3421 +82-42-868-3313
- Department of Resource Recycling, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST) Daejeon 34113 Korea
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Guimarães AS, Silva LA, Pereira AM, Correia JCG, Mansur MB. Purification of concentrated nickel sulfuric liquors via synergistic solvent extraction of calcium and magnesium using mixtures of D2EHPA and Cyanex 272. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
23
|
Luo D, Huang J, Zhang Y, Liu H, Hu P. Efficient and environment-friendly vanadium (V) extraction from vanadium shale leachate using tri-n-octylmethylammonium chloride. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
24
|
Guo Y, Li HY, Yuan YH, Huang J, Diao J, Xie B. Microemulsion extraction: An efficient way for simultaneous detoxification and resource recovery of hazardous wastewater containing V(V) and Cr(VI). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 386:121948. [PMID: 31884357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Vanadium (V) metallurgy industry produces significant amount of ammonium polyvanadate (APV) wastewater containing V(V) and Cr(VI), thereby polluting the ecological environment and adversely affecting human health and wasting natural resources. Herein, an efficient method for separating V and chromium (Cr) from APV wastewater is proposed based on an artful pretreatment of the selective transformation of Cr(VI) using microemulsion extraction to realize harmless treatment of the wastewater and recycling of V and Cr resources. The influence of various factors on the V and Cr extraction efficiencies has been investigated, including the extractant concentration, aqueous phase-to-microemulsion volume ratio, contact time, and temperature. Furthermore, the principle of Cr transformation and microemulsion extraction and stripping has been illustrated and the recyclability of the microemulsion has been evaluated. Under optimum conditions, 96.29 % of V(V) and 95.56 % of Cr(VI) were separately recovered from the AVP wastewater, confirming the efficient separation and recovery of V and Cr. This study highlights a new approach for the separate recovery of V(V) and Cr(VI) from hazardous wastewater and provides new insights into the simultaneous detoxification and resource utilization of industrial hazardous wastes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Guo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vanadium-Titanium Metallurgy and New Materials, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Hong-Yi Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vanadium-Titanium Metallurgy and New Materials, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Yi-Heng Yuan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vanadium-Titanium Metallurgy and New Materials, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jie Huang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vanadium-Titanium Metallurgy and New Materials, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jiang Diao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vanadium-Titanium Metallurgy and New Materials, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Bing Xie
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vanadium-Titanium Metallurgy and New Materials, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Separation and recovery of iron impurities from a complex oxalic acid solution containing vanadium by K3Fe(C2O4)3·3H2O crystallization. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.115970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
26
|
Luo D, Huang J, Zhang Y, Liu H, Hu P. Highly efficient separation and extraction of vanadium from a multi-impurity leachate of vanadium shale using tri-n-octylmethylammonium chloride. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.115842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
27
|
Bardestani R, Kavand M, Askaripour M. The investigation of stoichiometry and kinetics of cerium (IV) solvent extraction from sulfate medium by Cyanex 272 and 301 using single drop column. Chem Eng Res Des 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2019.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
28
|
Zhang W, Zhang T, Lv G, Cao X, Zhu H. Thermodynamic study on the V(V)-P(V)-H2O system in acidic leaching solution of vanadium-bearing converter slag. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
29
|
Dou P, Zhao S, Song J, He H, She Q, Li XM, Zhang Y, He T. Forward osmosis concentration of a vanadium leaching solution. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
30
|
Enhancement mechanism of an improved liquid membrane using selective permeation retardant for heavy metal ions separation. Chem Eng Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2019.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
31
|
Pavón S, Fortuny A, Coll MT, Sastre AM. Solvent extraction modeling of Ce/Eu/Y from chloride media using D2EHPA. AIChE J 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Pavón
- Chemical Engineering Department, EPSEVGUniversitat Politècnica de Cataluny Vilanova i la Geltrú Spain
| | - Agustí Fortuny
- Chemical Engineering Department, EPSEVGUniversitat Politècnica de Cataluny Vilanova i la Geltrú Spain
| | - M. Teresa Coll
- Agri‐Food Engineering and Biotechnology Department, ESABUniversitat Politècnica de Catalunya Castelldefels Spain
| | - Ana M. Sastre
- Chemical Engineering Department, ETSEIBUniversitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona Spain
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Liu H, Zhang YM, Huang J, Liu T, Luo DS. A synergistic approach for separating vanadium and impurities in black shale acid leaching solution using a mixture of Cyanex272 and N235. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.12.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
33
|
Sobekova Foltova S, Vander Hoogerstraete T, Banerjee D, Binnemans K. Samarium/cobalt separation by solvent extraction with undiluted quaternary ammonium ionic liquids. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.07.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
34
|
Synthesis of Di-(2-ethylhexyl) Phosphoric Acid (D2EHPA)-Tributyl Phosphate (TBP) Impregnated Resin and Application in Adsorption of Vanadium(IV). MINERALS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/min8050206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
35
|
Efficient Extraction of Vanadium from Vanadium–Titanium Magnetite Concentrate by Potassium Salt Roasting Additives. MINERALS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/min8010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|