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Krasner A, Stolen M, Rotstein D, Fire S. Contaminant Exposure and Liver and Kidney Lesions in North American River Otters in the Indian River Lagoon, Florida. TOXICS 2024; 12:684. [PMID: 39330612 PMCID: PMC11435442 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12090684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
The harmful algal bloom (HAB) liver toxin microcystin (MC) and trace element biomagnification were previously detected in organisms in the Indian River Lagoon (IRL), Florida. Since there are no routine screening programs for these contaminants, liver tissue from North American river otters (Lontra canadensis), an important sentinel species in the IRL, was screened for MC via enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA), followed by confirmatory analyses via liquid-chromatography/mass spectrometry methods (LC-MS/MS). Liver and kidney samples were evaluated for trace element (As, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Pb, Se, Tl, and Zn) bioaccumulation via inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Histopathologic evaluation of the liver and kidney was conducted to assess possible correlation with toxic insults. Forty-three river otters were evaluated (2016-2022). Microcystin was not detected in any river otter sample (n = 37). Of those tested for trace element bioaccumulation (n = 22), no sample measured above provided reference ranges or estimated toxic thresholds for this species. There were no statistically significant patterns observed based on season, year, or age class, but sex had a small influence on trace element levels in the kidney. One individual had a kidney Cu level (52 μg/g dry weight) higher than any previously reported for this species. Trace elements were detected at presumed background levels providing baselines for future monitoring. For otters with available histopathologic evaluation (n = 28), anomalies indicative of contaminant exposure (non-specific inflammation, necrosis, and/or lipidosis) were present in the liver and kidney of 18% and 4% of individuals, respectively. However, since these lesions were not linked to abnormal trace element bioaccumulation or MC exposure, other causes (e.g., infectious disease) should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami Krasner
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
| | - Megan Stolen
- Blue World Research Institute, Cocoa, FL 32927, USA
| | | | - Spencer Fire
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
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Mishra AH, Mohan S, Gutti P, Krishna S, Sundaraman S, Chakraborti S, Jaiswal AK, Nambi Raj NA, Mishra D. Bioselective and Radiopaque Zinc-Biopolymeric Complex-Based Porous Biomaterials Promote Mammalian Tissue Ingrowth In Vivo While Inhibiting Microbial Biofilm Gene Expression and Biofilm Formation. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:3701-3713. [PMID: 38748449 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Metal-organic complexes have shown astounding bioactive properties; however, they are rarely explored as biomaterials. Recent studies showed that carboxymethyl-chitosan (CMC) genipin-conjugated zinc biomimetic scaffolds have unique bioselective properties. The biomaterial was reported to be mammalian cell-friendly; at the same time, it was found to discourage microbial biofilm formation on its surface, which seemed to be a promising solution to addressing the problem of trauma-associated biofilm formation and development of antimicrobial resistance. However, the mechanically frail characteristics and zinc overload raise concerns and limit the potential of the said biomaterials. Hence, the present work is focused on improving the strength of the earlier scaffold formulations, testing its in vivo efficacy and reaffirming its action against biofilm-forming microbe Staphylococcus aureus. Scaling up of CMC proportion increased rigidity, and 8% CMC was found to be the ideal concentration for robust scaffold fabrication. Freeze-dried CMC scaffolds with or without genipin (GP) cross-linking were conjugated with zinc using 2 M zinc acetate solution. Characterization results indicated that the CMC-Zn scaffolds, without genipin, showed mechanical properties close to bone fillers, resist in vitro enzymatic degradation until 4 weeks, are porous in nature, and have radiopacity close to mandibular bones. Upon implantation in a subcutaneous pocket of Wistar rats, the scaffolds showed tissue in-growth with simultaneous degradation without any signs of toxicity past 28 days. Neither were there any signs of toxicity in any of the vital organs. Considering many superior properties among the other formulations, the CMC-Zn scaffolds were furthered for biofilm studies. CMC-Zn showed negligible S. aureus biofilm formation on its surface as revealed by an alamar blue-based study. RT-PCR analysis revealed that CMC-Zn downregulated the expression of pro-biofilm effector genes such as icaC and clfB. A protein docking study predicted the inhibitory mechanism of CMC-Zn. Although it binds strongly when alone, at high density, it may cause inactivation of the transmembrane upstream activators of the said genes, thereby preventing their dimerization and subsequent inactivation of the effector genes. In conclusion, zinc-conjugated carboxymethyl-chitosan scaffolds are mechanically robust, porous, yet biodegradable, harmless to the host in the long term, they are radiopaque and prevent biofilm gene expression in notorious microbes; hence, they could be a suitable candidate for bone filler applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arushi Hitendra Mishra
- Bioinspired Design Lab, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore Campus, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Sanjukta Mohan
- Bioinspired Design Lab, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore Campus, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Pavan Gutti
- Bioinspired Design Lab, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore Campus, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Sreevatsan Krishna
- Bioinspired Design Lab, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore Campus, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Sugunapriyadarshini Sundaraman
- Bioinspired Design Lab, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore Campus, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Sourangshu Chakraborti
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore Campus, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Amit Kumar Jaiswal
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore Campus, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - N Arunai Nambi Raj
- School of Advanced Sciences (SAS), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore Campus, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Debasish Mishra
- Bioinspired Design Lab, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore Campus, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
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Nofal AE, AboShabaan HS, Fayyad RM, Ereba RE, Omar NA, Elsharkawy SM, Elberri AI. Immunostimulatory and anti-inflammatory impact of Fragaria ananassa methanol extract in a rat model of cadmium chloride-induced pulmonary toxicity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1297315. [PMID: 38094291 PMCID: PMC10716534 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1297315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium is an extremely dangerous heavy metal that can lead to disastrous consequences in all organisms. Several natural remedies reduce the toxicities of experimentally generated metals in animals. Strawberry Fragaria ananassa contains several bioactive compounds that may mitigate heavy-metal toxicity. The study aim was to evaluate the ability of a strawberry fruit methanol extract (SE) to reduce Cd toxicity and to identify and quantify the active constituents of SE. Forty Wistar rats were classified into four groups: the control group- 1 ml saline IP; SE group- 100 mg of SE/kg rats orally; cadmium (Cd) group-2 mg CdCl2/kg body weight/IP daily; and treated group- SE given 1 hour before Cd administration. Administration of Cd induced several histopathological and immunohistochemical alterations in lung sections. Biochemical analysis of lung homogenates and mRNA levels of antioxidants and inflammatory cytokines indicated significant changes to the risk profile. SE administration significantly decreased the oxidative stress, inflammation, tissue damage, the mean area percentage of collagen fibers, and positive immuno-expressions of TNF-α and NF-κB induced by CdCl2. Moreover, the MDA, TNF-α, GM-CSF, and IL-1β levels in Cd-exposed rat lung tissue were significantly lower in the SE-treated group than in the Cd-group. SE significantly augmented lung GSH, SOD, HO-1, GPx-2, and Nrf2 levels in Cd-exposed rats. SE mitigated Cd-caused oxidative stress and lung inflammation. Therefore, regularly consuming a strawberry-rich diet could benefit general health and help prevent and treat diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany E. Nofal
- Histology and Histochemistry Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Hind S. AboShabaan
- Clinical Pathology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Reda M. Fayyad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rafik E. Ereba
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nassar A. Omar
- Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | | | - Aya I. Elberri
- Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
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Basal WT, Issa AM, Abdelalem O, Omar AR. Salvia officinalis restores semen quality and testicular functionality in cadmium-intoxicated male rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20808. [PMID: 38012170 PMCID: PMC10682483 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45193-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the potential ability of Salvia officinalis, one of the oldest medicinal plants, to protect male rats against cadmium reproductive toxicity. Twenty-eight healthy male rats were randomly allocated into four groups (n = 7); control, Salvia-extract treated group, cadmium treated group and a group treated with both Cd and Salvia. Administration of cadmium reduced the relative testis to body weight and significantly affected sperm parameters by decreasing motility, viability, count and increasing morphological aberrations. Comet assay was used to detect DNA fragmentation in sperms of the rats exposed to Cd. Serum levels of testosterone T, follicle stimulating hormone FSH, and luteinizing hormone LH were significantly decreased. The biochemical analysis of testicular tissue showed a significant rise in Malondialdehyde MDA level coupled with a decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase SOD, glutathione peroxidase GPx and catalase CAT). The histological examination of testis sections after Cd administration revealed severe degeneration of spermatogenic cells. Seminiferous tubules were filled with homogenous eosinophilic fluid associated with atrophy of other seminiferous tubules. Co-treatment with the Salvia officinalis extract restored the oxidative enzymes activities and decreased the formation of lipid peroxidation byproduct, which in turn ameliorated the effect of Cd on sperm parameters, DNA damage and testis histopathology. Taken together, it can be concluded that the synergistic antioxidant and radical savaging activities of Salvia officinalis prevented the effect of Cd on semen quality, sperm DNA damage, along with the oxidative stress and histological abnormalities in the testis tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesam T Basal
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
| | - Aliaa M Issa
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Omnia Abdelalem
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Amel R Omar
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
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Sulayman Aboulqassim NS, Hazem SH, Sharawy MH, Suddek GM. Roflumilast extenuates inflammation and oxidative stress in cadmium-induced hepatic and testicular injury in rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:111027. [PMID: 37832240 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Roflumilast (ROF), a highly selective phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, has proven anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects on the pulmonary system. However, the protective effects of ROF on cadmium (Cd)-induced hepatic and testicular injury has never been investigated. Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were acutely intoxicated with CdCl2 (3 mg/Kg, ip, qd, for 5 days). In treatment groups, ROF was administered in two doses (1.5 & 3 mg/Kg, po, qd, for 5 days) 2 h prior to CdCl2 intoxication. The results demonstrated that the therapeutic potential of ROF can extend beyond the pulmonary system. The histopathological manifestation of Cd in the liver and testes were evidently mitigated by ROF prophylaxis. This study unraveled the multi-faceted ROF protective mechanisms, these comprise (i) reviving normal liver and testicular architecture, (ii) lessen immune cell infiltration in injured tissues (iii) restoration of cellular oxidant status (GSH, SOD, NO and MDA), (iv) shielding pro-inflammatory signaling pathways (NF-κB, NLRP3, IL-1β axis), (v) dampening endoplasmic reticulum stress (IRE-1), (vi) mitigating apoptotic injury (caspase-3), (vii) restoring the integrity of blood testes barrier (Cathepsin-D) and (viii) promoting the regenerative potentials of injured testes (SDF-1). In conclusion, ROF is a promising anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative candidate in Cd-induced hepatic and testicular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeimah S Sulayman Aboulqassim
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology &Toxicology Faculty of Pharmacy, Derna university, Derna, Libya.
| | - Sara H Hazem
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Maha H Sharawy
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Ghada M Suddek
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
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Asupatri UR. Effects of Zinc Supplementation in Mitigating the Harmful Effects of Chronic Cadmium Exposure in a Zebrafish Model. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023:104158. [PMID: 37236493 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that is highly toxic to living organisms, including humans. But the dietary zinc (Zn) supplements play critical role in minimizing or preventing Cd poisoning, without any side effects. The underlying mechanisms, however, have not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the use of Zn as a protection against Cd toxicity in zebrafish models. The obtained results confirmed the levels of antioxidant enzymes and supported the synergistic effects of Zn in reducing Cd toxicity. The lipid, carbohydrate, and protein concentrations in the liver tissue have also been negatively impacted by Cd; however, treatment with Zn has lessened these adverse effects. Furthermore, the level of 8-hydroxy-2' -deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), caspase-3 also confirms the protective effects of Zn in reducing DNA damage caused by Cd. The results of this study demonstrate that a Zn supplement can lessen the harmful effects of Cd in zebrafish model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usha Rani Asupatri
- Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517 502, India.
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7
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Haeri V, Karimi E, Oskoueian E. Synthesized nanoliposome-encapsulated kaempferol attenuates liver health parameters and gene expression in mice challenged by cadmium-induced toxicity. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2023; 70:429-438. [PMID: 35696633 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In the present research, we encapsulated a flavonoid called kaempferol into nanoliposomal structures and the health-promoting effects of synthesized nanoliposome-loaded kaempferol (NLK) were evaluated in mice challenged by cadmium-induced . The NLK characteristics, such as size, zeta potential, and polydispersity index, were 218.4 nm, -28.55 mV, and 0.29, respectively. The in vivo experiment revealed that the mice receiving water containing cadmium (2 mg/kg body weight/day) showed significant (p < 0.05) weight loss, an increase in liver enzyme activities, and hepatic oxidative stress. Dietary supplementation with NLK at concentrations of 2.5 and 5 mg/kg mice body weight notably (p < 0.05) improved the body weight, liver enzyme activities, hepatic oxidative stress, and antioxidant potential of the liver. Our findings elucidated that NLK could alleviate the toxicity of cadmium in mice challenged by cadmium-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahideh Haeri
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, IRAN
| | - Ehsan Karimi
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, IRAN
| | - Ehsan Oskoueian
- Department of Research and Development, Arka Industrial Cluster, Mashhad, Iran
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Gali S, Sharma S, Kundu A, Lee E, Han JH, Shin JK, Choi JS, Kyung SY, Kim JS, Kim HS. Protective effect of dendropanoxide against cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity via anti-inflammatory activities in Sprague-Dawley rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2023:1-15. [PMID: 36718047 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2023.2171824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) accumulates in the body through contaminated foods or water and causes pathological damage to the liver via oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions. This study was conducted to explore the effects of dendropanoxide (DPx) on Cd-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were injected with CdCl2 (7 mg/kg body weight) intraperitoneally for 14 days for the induction of liver dysfunction. The CdCl2-exposed rats were subjected to DPx (10 mg/kg) or silymarin (50 mg/kg). The animals were euthanized after 24 h of the last CdCl2 injection and the serum biochemical parameters, lipid content, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, apoptotic cell death and histopathology of the tissues were analyzed. Additionally, the activity of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), was measured. Compared to controls, Cd-injected rats showed significantly elevated serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and a remarkable decrease in SOD and CAT activities. Importantly, Cd-induced liver damage was drastically ameliorated by treatment with DPx or silymarin. Treatment with DPx protected the Cd-induced histopathological hepatic injury, as confirmed by the evaluation of TUNEL assay. DPx treatment significantly reduced Bax and caspase-3 expression in Cd-injected rats. Additionally, HO-1 and NRF2 expressions were significantly increased after DPx administration in the liver of Cd-injected rats. Our data indicate that DPx successfully prevents Cd-induced hepatotoxicity by emphasizing the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreevarsha Gali
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Swati Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Amit Kundu
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunah Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hee Han
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Kyung Shin
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Soo Choi
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Kyung
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Kim
- Mary Culver Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Hyung Sik Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Republic of Korea
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Sitek A, Kozłowska L. The role of well-known antioxidant vitamins in the prevention of cadmium-induced toxicity. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2022; 35:367-392. [PMID: 35818760 PMCID: PMC10464721 DOI: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.01912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term exposure to cadmium (Cd) leads to the development of a number of conditions associated with liver and kidney damage, reproductive and cardiovascular disorders, in addition to visual impairment, blindness and hearing loss, among others. Cadmium has been classified as a human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. The toxicity of Cd is related to its pro-oxidant properties and the associated increase in oxidative stress. Antioxidant ingredients may be helpful in preventing the adverse effects of Cd. The effect of well-known antioxidant vitamins (E, C, A and β-carotene) in the prevention of Cd-induced toxicity is presented in this study. Numerous studies in animal models have shown that the effects of vitamins: E, C, A, and β-carotene were effective in reducing Cd concentrations in organs and tissues and reduced Cd-induced changes in liver, kidney, and reproductive, circulatory, nervous, immune, and respiratory systems. In contrast, the limited number of human studies does not allow to accurately determine the role of these nutrients in reducing Cd-induced toxicity, indicating the need for further studies clarifying the role of antioxidant vitamins in reducing Cd-induced toxicity. However, it seems reasonable to promote the consumption of natural food products that are sources of antioxidant vitamins in groups of people with occupational and environmental exposure to Cd. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2022;35(4):367-92.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Sitek
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS – SGGW), Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lucyna Kozłowska
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS – SGGW), Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Mitra S, Patra T, Saha D, Ghosh P, Mustafi SM, Varghese AC, Murmu N. Sub-chronic cadmium and lead compound exposure induces reproductive toxicity and development of testicular germ cell neoplasia in situ in murine model: Attenuative effects of resveratrol. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23058. [PMID: 35362238 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium and lead are widespread, nonbiodegradable heavy metals of perpetual environmental concerns. The present study aimed to evaluate whether sub-chronic exposure to cadmium chloride (CdCl2 ) and lead acetate [Pb(CH3 COO)2 ] induces reproductive toxicity and development of testicular germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS) in swiss albino mice. The effects of resveratrol to reverse the metal-induced toxicity were also analyzed. The mice were randomly divided into four groups for metal treatments and two groups received two different doses of each metal, CdCl2 (0.25 and 0.5 mg/kg) and Pb(CH3 COO)2 (3 and 6 mg/kg). The fourth group received oral doses of 20 mg/kg resveratrol in combination with 0.5 mg/kg CdCl2 or 6 mg/kg Pb(CH3 COO)2 for 16 weeks. Toxic effects of both metals were estimated qualitatively and quantitatively by the alterations in sperm parameters, oxidative stress markers, testicular histology, and protein expressions of the treated mice. Pronounced perturbation of sperm parameters, cellular redox balance were observed with severe distortion of testicular histo-architecture in metal exposed mice. Significant overexpression of Akt cascade and testicular GCNIS marker proteins were recorded in tissues treated with CdCl2 . Notable improvements were observed in all the evaluated parameters of resveratrol cotreated mice groups. Taken together, the findings of this study showed that long-term exposure to Cd and Pb compounds, induced acute reproductive toxicity and initiation of GCNIS development in mice. Conversely, resveratrol consumption abrogated metal-induced perturbation of spermatogenesis, testicular morphology, and the upregulation of Akt cascade proteins along with GCNIS markers, which could have induced the development of testicular cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreyashi Mitra
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines (STBA), Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Tapas Patra
- E. Doisy Research Center, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Depanwita Saha
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines (STBA), Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Paramita Ghosh
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines (STBA), Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | | | | | - Nabendu Murmu
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines (STBA), Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
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Gattea Al-Rikabi Z, Abbas AH, Kadhum Oudah H, Sajer Nassir H, Ali SA. Histopathological Study of Liver and Kidney Tissues in C57 Mice via Chronic Exposure to Cadmium and Zinc. ARCHIVES OF RAZI INSTITUTE 2021; 76:1501-1508. [PMID: 35355736 PMCID: PMC8934097 DOI: 10.22092/ari.2021.355622.1705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metals have a wide application in the industrial world, affecting the health and longevity of living organisms. The current study assessed the possible effects of Cadmium (Cd) and Zinc (Zn) on the liver and kidney. Therefore, 150 male and female white mice C57BL were treated in three different groups with 0.685 mg/L CdCl2. 2.5H2O (group 1), and 0.567 mg/L ZnSO4.7H2O (group 2) in drinking water, while the control group only received water for 90 days to investigate how these elements accumulated in the liver/kidney and evaluate the possible histological changes in the liver and kidney. During 90 days, the histopathological consequences of Cd and Zn on the liver and kidneys were recorded. The results pointed out that exposure to heavy metals, such as Cd and Zn, led to organ accumulation of these elements. The histological evaluations demonstrated significant detrimental effects on the liver and kidney. Under the influence of Cd, light microscopic examination revealed significant histological alterations in both organs. In the animals exposed to Cd and Zn, histopathological alterations were observed in the liver, including extensive degeneration, necrosis, depletion, and necrosis of hepatocytes with significant nuclear hypertrophy. When animals are exposed to Cd and Zn, histological alterations in the kidneys include severe vascular degeneration and renal tubule necrosis. In conclusion, heavy metal intoxication has been shown to cause histopathological changes in the liver and kidneys of experimental animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Gattea Al-Rikabi
- Ministry of Sciences and Technology, Environment and Water Directorate, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - A. H Abbas
- Ministry of Sciences and Technology, Environment and Water Directorate, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - H Kadhum Oudah
- Ministry of Sciences and Technology, Environment and Water Directorate, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - H Sajer Nassir
- Ministry of Sciences and Technology, Environment and Water Directorate, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - S. A Ali
- Ministry of Sciences and Technology, Environment and Water Directorate, Baghdad, Iraq
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Rafiei-Asl S, Khadjeh G, Jalali SM, Jamshidian J, Rezaie A. Protective Effects of Bromelain against Cadmium-Induced Pulmonary Intoxication in Rats: A Histopathologic and Cytologic Study. ARCHIVES OF RAZI INSTITUTE 2021; 76:1427-1436. [PMID: 35355740 PMCID: PMC8934085 DOI: 10.22092/ari.2021.355559.1698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bromelain is the active substance of pineapple with a variety of therapeutic properties. In this study, the possible protective effects of bromelain were assessed against cadmium acute intratracheal exposure and its bronchopulmonary cytologic and histopathologic consequences. For this purpose, the following treatments were performed on 11 groups of Wistar rats: group 1 was negative control; groups2 and 3 received Cadmium Chloride (CdCl2) 400 µg/rat intratracheally and sampled after 5 and 10 days, respectively; groups4 and 5received bromelain 20 mg/kg orally (PO) from 14 days before until 5 and 10 days after CdCl2 instillation, respectively; groups6 and 7received bromelain 40 mg/kg from 14 days before until 5 and 10 days after CdCl2 instillation, respectively; group 8received bromelain 40 mg/kg for 24 days; groups9 and 10: celecoxib 25 mg/kg PO from 1day before until 5 and 10 days after CdCl2 instillation, respectively; group 11 received celecoxib for 11 days. Cytologic evaluation of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid revealed that intratracheal cadmium administration resulted in a significant rise in total cell count, epithelial cells, neutrophils, and eosinophils, 5- and 10-days post-exposure. Treatment with bromelain either in low or high doses in cadmium-exposed rats resulted in a significant reduction of neutrophil count. Bromelain treatment could not completely prevent or recover interstitial pneumonia and fibrinous bronchopneumonia in cadmium exposed rats. However, administration of low doses resulted in a significant decrease of semi quantitative histopathologic scores, including pneumonia and cellular infiltration indices. In conclusion, bromelain may help to improve the cytological and histopathological complications following cadmium intoxication in the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rafiei-Asl
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Gh Khadjeh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - S M Jalali
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - J Jamshidian
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - A Rezaie
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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Kar I, Patra AK. Tissue Bioaccumulation and Toxicopathological Effects of Cadmium and Its Dietary Amelioration in Poultry-a Review. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:3846-3868. [PMID: 33405085 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02503-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) has been recognized as one of the most toxic heavy metals, which is continuously discharged into environments through anthropogenic (industrial activities, fertilizer production, and waste disposal) and natural sources with anthropogenic sources contributing greater than the natural sources. Therefore, Cd concentration sometimes increases in feeds, fodders, water bodies, and tissues of livestock including poultry in the vicinity of the industrial areas, which causes metabolic, structural, and functional changes of different organs of all animals. In poultry, bioaccumulation of Cd occurs in several organs mainly in the liver, kidney, lung, and reproductive organs due to its continuous exposure. Intake of Cd reduces growth and egg laying performance and feed conversion efficiency in poultry. Chronic exposure of Cd at low doses can also alter the microscopic structures of tissues, particularly in the liver, kidney, brain, pancreas, intestine, and reproductive organs due to increased content of Cd in these tissues. Continuous Cd exposure causes increased oxidative stress at cellular levels due to over-production of reactive oxygen species, exhausting antioxidant defense mechanisms. This leads to disruption of biologically relevant molecules, particularly nucleic acid, protein and lipid, and subsequently apoptosis, cell damage, and necrotic cell death. The histopatholocal changes in the liver, kidneys, and other organs are adversely reflected in hemogram and serum biochemical and enzyme activities. The present review discusses about Cd bioaccumulation and histopathological alterations in different tissues, pathogenesis of Cd toxicity, blood-biochemical changes, and its different ameliorative measures in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrajit Kar
- Department of Avian Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700037, India
| | - Amlan Kumar Patra
- Department of Animal Nutrition, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700037, India.
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Alsammak M. Effect of Cadmium Chloride on the Histological Structure of Lung in Adult Male Mice with and without Parsley Oil. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.6207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This study is to detect the toxic effect of cadmium chloride on the histological structure of the lung and the effect of parsley oil to amilorate these changes
In this experiement 40 adult male mice were divided into four groups. Goup A (control group) in this group animals were injected with the normal saline intraperitoneally single daily dose for 30 days.
Group B injected intrapertioneally with cadmium chloride single daily dose 3.5 mg/kg body weight for 30 days.
Group C injected intraperetonially with cadmium chloride in a dose of 3.5 mg/kg body weight. Intragastric tube was put to recieve parsley oil in a dose of 0.5 ml/kg body weight prior to cadmium injection. The two drugs were given for 30 days.
Group D recieved 0.5 ml/kg body weight by intragastric tube of parsley oil for 30 days.
At the end of this experiement, the animals were sacrified the lungs were collected from all groups and prepared for light microscopical examination.
Histological changes were detected in cadmium chloride treated group in comparison with the control group including congestion, inflammatory cell infiltration, interstial pneumonia (decreased alveolar space), thickening of interalveolar septum and damge to the alveolar cells. All these changes were eliminated by giving parsley oil.
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Chu N, Zhang X, Chen S, Zhen Q, Wang Y. [Luteolin has a significant protective effect against cadmium-induced injury in lung epithelial Beas-2B cells]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021; 41:729-735. [PMID: 34134961 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.05.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effect of luteolin against cadmium (Cd)-induced injury in human lung epithelial Beas-2B cells. OBJECTIVE Beas-2B cells were treated with different concentrations of luteolin (0-160 μmol/L) or Cd (0-40 μmol/L) for 24 h, and the cell viability was examined using MTT assay. After treatment with luteolin (0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 μmol/L) with or without Cd (5 μmol/L) for 24 h, the cells were examined for viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and morphological changes of the cell nuclei using Hoechst fluorescent staining. The levels of ROS, SOD, GSH and MDA in the treated cells were detected, and the expression levels of Akt, p-Akt and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) proteins were determined using Western blotting. OBJECTIVE Luteolin within the concentration range of 0-80 μmol/L did not significantly affect the survival rate of Beas-2B cells (P>0.05), but Cd at 5 μmol/L significantly decreased the cell viability (P < 0.05) with an IC50 of 24.6 μmol/L. In Cd-treated cells, treatment with luteolin significantly mitigated the decrease of cell viability, reduced LDH release and cell apoptosis, enhanced SOD activity and GSH content, and inhibited the production of MDA and ROS (all P < 0.05). Luteolin also significantly up-regulated the expression levels of p-Akt and Nrf2 protein in Cd-treated Beas-2B cells (P < 0.05). OBJECTIVE Luteolin has a significant protective effect against Cd-induced injury in Beas-2B cells, and the effects are probably mediated, at least in part, by promoting the activation of Akt and Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Chu
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - X Zhang
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - S Chen
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - Q Zhen
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - Y Wang
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
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Madboli AENA, Seif MM. Immunohistochemical, histopathological, and biochemical studies of the NF-ҡB P65 marker in rat ovaries experimentally intoxicated by cadmium and the protective effect of the purslane plant extract. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:17613-17626. [PMID: 33400125 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12209-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to describe the existence of the inflammatory marker nuclear factor kappa light chain B lymphocyte protein (NF-ҡB P65) in the tissue as a response to cadmium (CdCl2) toxicity. Next is to describe the disappearance of the NF-ҡB P65 in response to the purslane plant treatment to explore its anti-inflammatory effect, also describing the histopathological and biochemical changes that occurred from CdCl2 toxicity and the purslane plant tissue protections. There are four experimental groups, 32 rats (n = 8) intraperitoneally injected with CdCl2 and orally administered with purslane plant extract (according to groups) for 30 days: group one (control), group two (purslane extract 2 g/kg bw), group three (CdCl2 3.5 mg/kg bw), group four (CdCl2 3.5 mg/kg bw + purslane plant extract 2 g/kg bw). The biochemical findings showed that ovaries and brain tissue homogenates in group three showed malondialdehyde increase and reduction in catalase, total antioxidant capacity, and acetylcholine esterase. A reduction in serum LH, FSH, and estradiol were also recorded. These parameters became normal in group four. The histopathological findings exhibited that group three showed ovarian and cerebral hemorrhage and lung pneumonia. Tissues of group four were protected and no pathological lesions were detected. The immunohistochemical results showed that the inflammatory marker NF-ҡB P65 in group three was strongly detected in the spleen and moderately detected in the ovaries, brain, and lung but negatively detected in the tissues of group four. In conclusion, CdCl2 induced ovarian toxicity and the NF-ҡB P65 existence was increased. Purslane plant protected rats from CdCl2 toxicity and decrease NF-ҡB P65.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abd El-Nasser A Madboli
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth St., 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed M Seif
- Department of Toxicology and Food Contaminants, National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
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Was H, Borkowska A, Olszewska A, Klemba A, Marciniak M, Synowiec A, Kieda C. Polyploidy formation in cancer cells: How a Trojan horse is born. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 81:24-36. [PMID: 33727077 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Ploidy increase has been shown to occur in different type of tumors and participate in tumor initiation and resistance to the treatment. Polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs) are cells with multiple nuclei or a single giant nucleus containing multiple complete sets of chromosomes. The mechanism leading to formation of PGCCs may depend on: endoreplication, mitotic slippage, cytokinesis failure, cell fusion or cell cannibalism. Polyploidy formation might be triggered in response to various genotoxic stresses including: chemotherapeutics, radiation, hypoxia, oxidative stress or environmental factors like: air pollution, UV light or hyperthermia. A fundamental feature of polyploid cancer cells is the generation of progeny during the reversal of the polyploid state (depolyploidization) that may show high aggressiveness resulting in the formation of resistant disease and tumor recurrence. Therefore, we propose that modern anti-cancer therapies should be designed taking under consideration polyploidization/ depolyploidization processes, which confer the polyploidization a hidden potential similar to a Trojan horse delayed aggressiveness. Various mechanisms and stress factors leading to polyploidy formation in cancer cells are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halina Was
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserow 128 Street, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Agata Borkowska
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserow 128 Street, Warsaw, Poland; Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Zwirki i Wigury 61 Street, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Olszewska
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserow 128 Street, Warsaw, Poland; Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Zwirki i Wigury 61 Street, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Klemba
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserow 128 Street, Warsaw, Poland; College of Inter-Faculty Individual Studies in Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c Street, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Marciniak
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserow 128 Street, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Synowiec
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserow 128 Street, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Claudine Kieda
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserow 128 Street, Warsaw, Poland
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Ansari MN, Rehman NU, Karim A, Imam F, Hamad AM. Protective Effect of Thymus serrulatus Essential Oil on Cadmium-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats, through Suppression of Oxidative Stress and Downregulation of NF-κB, iNOS, and Smad2 mRNA Expression. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051252. [PMID: 33652584 PMCID: PMC7956168 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the research was to examine the protective effect of essential oil from Thymus serrulatus Hochst. ex Benth. (TSA oil) against cadmium (Cd)-induced renal toxicity. The experimental protocol was designed using 30 healthy adult Wistar albino rats allocated into five groups containing six animals in each group. Group 1 was treated as normal control and groups 2, 3, 4, and 5 were treated with cadmium chloride (CdCl2, 3 mg/kg, IP) for 7 days. Group 3 was also treated with silymarin (100 mg/kg, PO) as a standard group, while groups 4 and 5 were administered with TSA oil at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg PO, respectively. The nephrotoxicity was measured with various parameters such as kidney function markers, oxidative stress markers (glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA)), and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression levels of inflammatory factors. The histological studies were also evaluated in the experimental protocol. The CdCl2-treated groups showed a significant increase in the levels of serum kidney function markers along with MDA levels in kidney homogenate. However, renal GSH level was found to be reduced significantly. It was found that CdCl2 significantly upregulated the nuclear factor levels of kappaB (NF-κB p65), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and small mothers against decapentaplegic (Smad2) as compared to the normal control group. On the other hand, TSA oil significantly improved the increased levels of serum kidney function markers, non-enzymatic antioxidants, and lipid peroxidation. In addition, TSA oil significantly downregulated the increased expression of NF-κB p65, iNOS, and Smad2 in Cd-intoxicated rats. Moreover, the histological changes in the tissue samples of the kidney of Cd-treated groups were significantly ameliorated in the silymarin- and TSA-oil-treated groups. The present study reveals that TSA oil ameliorates Cd-induced renal injury, and it is also proposed that the observed nephroprotective effect could be due to the antioxidant potential of TSA oil and healing due to its anti-inflammatory action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Nazam Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.N.A.); (N.U.R.); Tel.: +966-11-5886037 (M.N.A.); +966-11-5886035 (N.U.R.)
| | - Najeeb Ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.N.A.); (N.U.R.); Tel.: +966-11-5886037 (M.N.A.); +966-11-5886035 (N.U.R.)
| | - Aman Karim
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan;
| | - Faisal Imam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abubaker M. Hamad
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year Deanship, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Gezira, Wad Madani 21111, Sudan
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Labib H, Galal A. Caffeine versus antioxidant combination (Antox) and their role in modifying cadmium-induced testicular injury in adult male albino rats. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13948. [PMID: 33372294 DOI: 10.1111/and.13948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current work was to compare the roles of caffeine and antioxidants in prevention of cadmium-induced testicular damage when given, in addition to cadmium, in adult male albino rats. Histopathological and ultra-structural examination as well as biochemical and molecular assessments were done. Cadmium chloride (4 mg/kg body weight) was administered via oral gavage from day 21 to 28 of the experiment. Caffeine (25 mg/kg) via intra-peritoneal injection and antioxidant preparation (Antox) 10 mg/kg via oral gavage were given as a pre-treatment for 21 days and concomitantly with Cd from day 21 to 28. Real-time PCR was done for determination of 3, 17 β hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, caspase-9 and mitofusin 1,2 gene expression. Testosterone level, glutathione S-transferase enzyme activity, reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase were measured spectrophotometrically by ELISA. Histological and ultra-structural evaluation revealed disturbance of normal architecture, vacuolisation and necrosis. Vascular dilatation and congestion and collagen fibre deposition were present. A statistically significant difference was seen in all parameters when caffeine and antioxidants were given against cadmium-induced testicular injury. Overall, we conclude that both caffeine and antioxidants have the ability to reverse cadmium-induced testicular injury when given as pre-treatment prior to cadmium exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Labib
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Alainy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Galal
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Alainy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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20
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Olajide J, Sanni M, Achimugu O, Suleiman M, Jegede E, Sheneni V. Effect of methanol extract of Trema orientalis leaf on some biochemical and histopathological indices of wistar albino rats with cadmium-induced - hepatotoxicity. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Hamidian G, Mirdar S, Raee P, Asghari K, Jarrahi M. Silymarin protects the structure of kidney in the neonatal rats exposed to maternal cadmium toxicity: A stereological study. VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM : AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL 2020; 11:143-152. [PMID: 32782743 PMCID: PMC7413006 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2019.84202.2108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the protective effect of silymarin on maternal cadmium toxicity complications in the kidney of neonatal rats. Forty adults Wistar female rats were selected and placed with male rats for copulation. The pregnant animals were randomly divided into five groups (n = 8) including control, sham, silymarin, cadmium, and silymarin + cadmium. The animals received 400 mg L-1 cadmium and 100 mg kg-1 silymarin (sub-cutaneously, three days per week, three weeks). Two-day neonates were dissected and their right kidneys were fixed in 10.00% buffered formalin solution and processed by standard paraffin embedding. Tissue sections were stained by hematoxylin and eosin and analyzed histologically and stereologically. The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS using a one-way ANOVA test and Tukey's post-hoc. The results showed that silymarin significantly increased the neonatal rats' weight compared to the control group. Cadmium significantly decreased the weight of neonatal rats' kidneys. The results of histological studies indicated that cadmium caused subacute glomerulosclerosis, severe damage to urinary tubules such as tubular necrosis, and severe hyperemia in the medulla, but silymarin could preserve these complications. Stereological results revealed that cadmium decreased the total volume of kidney, medulla, and proximal and distal tubules and increased interstitial tissue and indicated the protective effects of silymarin on maternal cadmium toxicity complications in the kidney tissue of neonatal rats. It can be concluded that the administration of silymarin during pregnancy may be used as a useful and effective way of protecting the maternal cadmium toxicity complications in the kidney tissue of neonatal rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Hamidian
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shadmehr Mirdar
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Pourya Raee
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiyana Asghari
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Jarrahi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
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Nasution AN, Aziz H, Tjong DH, Zein R. Effect of Phaleria Macrocarpa Flesh Fruits Extract on MDA Level, SGOT and SGPT Activity in Serum of Experimental Rats Contaminated by Cd (II) Ion. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:3950-3954. [PMID: 32165934 PMCID: PMC7061376 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cd (II) ion is a heavy metal that has a toxic ability in the human body. P. macrocarpa has been used as anticancer, Diabetes Mellitus and antimicrobe because it consists of flavonoid, steroid, and tannin. AIM: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of P. macrocarpa fruits extract as an antidote for the toxicity of Cd (II) in the liver of experimental rats. METHODS: The experimental laboratory was done by using 9 female of Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) that divided into 3 groups with the age between 2.5-3 months and weight between 133-160 grams. The first group was a control given distilled water and a normal diet. The second group was given antidote 5 mL of P. macrocarpa fruit extract x BW/200 g dosage for 7 days and induced by 1000 mg/L of Cd (II) ion with dosage of 1 mL x BW/200 g. The third group was given 1000 mg/L Cd (II) ion only of 1 mL x BW/200 g. After 5 hours, the blood sample was taken for analysis of MDA, SGOT, and SGPT. RESULTS: As the result of experimental rats exposed with Cd (II) ion, there are significant decreasing of all the observed parameters including MAD, SGOT and SGPT with percentage 71.5%, 72.1%, and 93.6% respectively. CONCLUSION: The rats given with the antidote of Phaleria macrocarpa flesh fruit were able to protect the liver from damage due to exposure to Cd (II) as seen from the decrease in liver function enzyme parameters namely SGOT and SGPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Napiah Nasution
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia.,Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Prima Indonesia, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Hermansyah Aziz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia
| | - Djong Hon Tjong
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia
| | - Rahmiana Zein
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia.,Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia
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Alnahdi HS, Sharaf IA. Possible prophylactic effect of omega-3 fatty acids on cadmium-induced neurotoxicity in rats' brains. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:31254-31262. [PMID: 31468353 PMCID: PMC6828832 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06259-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) has long been noted to induce neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the toxicological impact of Cd on rat brains and evaluate the possible ameliorative impact of omega-3 fatty acids as a protective agent of nervous system. Rats were divided into four groups: group I supplemented orally with saline; group II intoxicated with CdCl2 (5 mg/kg b.w. orally), and groups III and VI supplemented with omega-3 (100 mg/kg b.w. orally) simultaneously or before CdCl2 administration, respectively. Cd intoxication induced biochemical and histopathological disturbances in treated rats. Omega-3 fatty acid considerably improved the Cd-associated biochemical changes, reduced the elevation of lipid peroxidation, and normalized the Cd impact on the levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferases, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, heatshock protein70, nuclear factor-κB, and interferon-γ as well as of neuronal enzymes such as acetylecholinesterase and monoamine oxidase within the brains of treated rats. Additionally, histological findings supported the results that Cd treatment-induced neurodegenerative changes and that polyunsaturated fatty acids act as antioxidants and neuroprotective agents against Cd toxicity. Co-treatment with omega-3 fatty acid was more beneficial than pretreatment. Thus, omega-3 fatty acid should be included in diet to prevent or suppress neurodegenerative disorders caused by continuous exposure to Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan S. Alnahdi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science –Alfaisaliah, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 50212, Jeddah, 21523 Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science –Alfaisaliah, University of Jeddah, PO Box 50212, Jeddah, 21523 Saudi Arabia
| | - Iman A. Sharaf
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science –Alfaisaliah, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 50212, Jeddah, 21523 Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science –Alfaisaliah, University of Jeddah, PO Box 50212, Jeddah, 21523 Saudi Arabia
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Motaharinia J, Panahi Y, Barreto GE, Beiraghdar F, Sahebkar A. Efficacy of curcumin on prevention of drug-induced nephrotoxicity: A review of animal studies. Biofactors 2019; 45:690-702. [PMID: 31246346 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced nephrotoxicity is a frequent serious adverse effect, contributing to morbidity and increased healthcare utilization. Prevention or reversal is key. Curcumin has useful biological features that include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. This review covers aspects of curcumin in relation to prevention of drug-induced nephrotoxicity: dosage and schedule, effect on kidney biomarkers and histological changes, and mechanisms of curcumin's protective effects. Despite success in some animal models, human studies and clinical administration of curcumin for nephroprotection remains limited due to difficulty in achieving therapeutic levels following oral administration and in determining the optimal dosing schedule. Lack of sufficient evidence from animal studies, coupled with low systemic bioavailability, continues to limit the utilization of curcumin in addressing and controlling drug-induced nephrotoxicity. Therefore, human studies are required to fully assess and validate the therapeutic potential of curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Motaharinia
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yunes Panahi
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - George E Barreto
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fatemeh Beiraghdar
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Seif MM, Madboli AN, Marrez DA, Aboulthana WM. Hepato-Renal protective Effects of Egyptian Purslane Extract against Experimental Cadmium Toxicity in Rats with Special Emphasis on the Functional and Histopathological Changes. Toxicol Rep 2019; 6:625-631. [PMID: 31367527 PMCID: PMC6650623 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The study was designed to clarify the hapato-nephroprotective effects of purslane ethanolic extract (PEE) against cadmium toxicity. Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal. Cd occurs as environmental and food/ feed contamination causing public and animals health hazards. Liver and kidney are the main target organs for acute and chronic cadmium toxicity. Portulaca oleracea is rich in several vitamins, minerals, antioxidant components, and omega-3 fatty acids mainly α-linolenic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid. Results showed significant elevation of the liver and kidney functions, lipid profile and lipid peroxidation. In contrast to the antioxidants enzymatic were greatly decreased. The hepatic and renal tissues showed severe degeneration and necrosis accompanied by severe congestion and multifocal hemorrhages in Cd intoxicated rats. All parameters and tissues showed no changes in rates-treated with both Cd and purslane extract as compared with the control rats. The administration of PEE provided a significantly protection against Cd-induced hepato-nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M. Seif
- Department of Toxicology and Food Contaminants, National Research Centre, 33 Elbohoth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Naser Madboli
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, National Research Centre, 33 Elbohoth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Diaa A. Marrez
- Department of Toxicology and Food Contaminants, National Research Centre, 33 Elbohoth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Wael M.K. Aboulthana
- Department of Biochemistry, National Research Centre, 33 Elbohoth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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Faraji T, Momeni HR, Malmir M. Protective effects of silymarin on testis histopathology, oxidative stress indicators, antioxidant defence enzymes and serum testosterone in cadmium‐treated mice. Andrologia 2019; 51:e13242. [DOI: 10.1111/and.13242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tayebe Faraji
- Faculty of Science, Biology Department Arak University Arak Iran
| | | | - Mahdi Malmir
- Faculty of Science, Biology Department Arak University Arak Iran
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Khafaga AF, Abd El-Hack ME, Taha AE, Elnesr SS, Alagawany M. The potential modulatory role of herbal additives against Cd toxicity in human, animal, and poultry: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:4588-4604. [PMID: 30612355 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-4037-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy and toxic metal and easily absorbed by animals and plants; subsequently, it is an environmental risk factor with several toxic effects in humans and animals. The main pathway of human or animal exposure to Cd is through its ingestion by water or food and by particles or fume inhalation during industrial processes. With continuous exposure to small levels of cadmium, it is being deposited in different tissues day after day, causing toxic effects on the liver, kidney, and testes. Long-term exposure to this toxic metal resulted in inflammatory infiltration, necrosis of hepatocytes, degenerative changes in testis tissues, reduction in spermatocytes, degeneration in renal tubules, and hypertrophy of renal epithelium. Therefore, we need an effective treatment to overcome cadmium poisoning. Thus, in the current review, we try to provide compiled reports and summarize information about the toxicological effects of Cd in human, animals, and poultry. This review also provides updated information about the protective actions of herbs and herbal extracts and their role as an effective strategy in reducing or preventing serious health problems and tissue damage in response to Cd toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa F Khafaga
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, 22758, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
| | - Ayman E Taha
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, 22578, Egypt
| | - Shaaban S Elnesr
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
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28
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Das SC, Al-Naemi HA. Cadmium Toxicity: Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Tissue Injury. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.4236/odem.2019.74012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Mascarenhas S, Mutnuri S, Ganguly A. Silica - A trace geogenic element with emerging nephrotoxic potential. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 645:297-317. [PMID: 30029111 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Silica is a trace-geogenic compound with limited-bioavailability. It inflicts health-perils like pulmonary-silicosis and chronic kidney disease (CKD), when available via anthropogenic-disturbances. Amidst silica-imposed pathologies, pulmonary toxicological-mechanisms are well-described, ignoring the renal-pathophysiological mechanisms. Hence, the present-study aimed to elucidate cellular-cum-molecular toxicological-mechanisms underlying silica-induced renal-pathology in-vitro. Various toxicity-assessments were used to study effects of silica on the physiological-functions of HK-cells (human-kidney proximal-tubular cells - the toxin's prime target) on chronic (1-7 days) sub-toxic (80 mg/L) and toxic (100-120 mg/L) dosing. Results depicted that silica triggered dose-cum-time dependent cytotoxicity/cell-death (MTT-assay) that significantly increased on long-term dosing with ≥100 mg/L silica; establishing the nephrotoxic-potential of this dose. Contrarily, insignificant cell-death on sub-toxic (80 mg/L) dosing was attributed to rapid intracellular toxin-clearance at lower-doses preventing toxic-effects. The proximal-tubular (HK-cells) cytotoxicity was found to be primarily mediated by silica-triggered incessant oxidative-stress (elevated ROS).·This enhanced ROS inflicted severe inflammation and subsequent fibrosis, evident from increased pro-inflammatory-cum-fibrogenic cytokines generation (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β). Simultaneously, ROS induced persistent DNA-damage (Comet-assay) that stimulated G2/M arrest for p53-mediated damage-repair, aided by checkpoint-promoter (Chk1) activation and mitotic-inducers (i.e. Cdc-25, Cdk1, cyclinB1) inhibition. However, DNA-injuries surpassed the cellular-repair, which provoked the p53-gene to induce mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic cell-death via activation of Bax, cytochrome-c and caspase-cascade (9/3). This persistent apoptotic cell-death and simultaneous incessant inflammation culminated in the development of tubular-atrophy and fibrosis, the major pathological-manifestations of CKD. These findings provided novel-insights into the pathological-mechanisms (cellular and molecular) of silica-induced CKD, inflicted on chronic toxic-dosing (≥100 mg/L).Thereby, encouraging the development of therapeutic-strategies (e.g. anti-oxidant treatment) for specific molecular-targets (e.g. ROS) to retard silica-induced CKD-progression, for reduction in the global-CKD burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Starlaine Mascarenhas
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus, NH 17 B, Zuarinagar, Goa 403 726, India.
| | - Srikanth Mutnuri
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus, NH 17 B, Zuarinagar, Goa 403 726, India.
| | - Anasuya Ganguly
- Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani, K K Birla Goa Campus, NH 17 B, Zuarinagar, Goa 403 726, India.
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Mężyńska M, Brzóska MM. Review of polyphenol-rich products as potential protective and therapeutic factors against cadmium hepatotoxicity. J Appl Toxicol 2018; 39:117-145. [PMID: 30216481 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the growing attention of the scientific community has been focused on the threat to health created by environmental pollutants, including toxic metals such as cadmium (Cd), and on the need of finding effective ways to prevent and treat the unfavorable health effects of exposure to them. Particularly promising for Cd, and thus arousing the greatest interest, is the possibility of using various ingredients present in plants, including mainly polyphenolic compounds. As the liver is one of the target organs for this toxic metal and disturbances in the proper functioning of this organ have serious consequences for health, the aim of the present review was to discuss the possibility of using polyphenol-rich food products (e.g., chokeberry, black and green tea, blueberry, olive oil, rosemary and ginger) as the strategy in protection from this xenobiotic hepatotoxicity and treatment of this heavy metal-induced liver damage. Owing to the ability of polyphenols to bind ions of Cd and the strong antioxidative potential of these compounds, as well as their abundance in dietary products, it seems to be of high importance to consider the possibility of using polyphenols as potential preventive and therapeutic agents against Cd hepatotoxicity, determined by its strong pro-oxidative properties. Although most of the data on the effectiveness of polyphenols comes from studies in animals, the fact that some of them are derived from experimental models that reflect human exposure to this metal allows us to assume that some polyphenol-rich food products may be promising protective agents against Cd hepatotoxicity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Mężyńska
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, Adama Mickiewicza 2C Street, 15-222, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Malgorzata M Brzóska
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Bialystok, Adama Mickiewicza 2C Street, 15-222, Bialystok, Poland
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Odewumi C, Latinwo LM, Ii RLL, Badisa VL, Ahkinyala CA, Kent-First M. Comparative whole genome transcriptome analysis and fenugreek leaf extract modulation on cadmium‑induced toxicity in liver cells. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:735-744. [PMID: 29749534 PMCID: PMC6034912 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), an economically valuable metal, is widely used in various industrial processes. Although it is of economic value, it is hazardous to human health. Cd accumulates in vital organs where it causes various diseases. Natural compounds with chelating or antioxidant properties have been tested to reduce the toxic effect of Cd. The anti‑oxidant, anti‑diabetic and hypocholesterolemic properties of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) leaves make it a candidate for investigation as protective agent against Cd‑induced toxicity. In the present study, the protective effects of fenugreek leaf extract (FLE) on cell viability, morphology, and whole genomic transcription in cadmium chloride (CdCl2)‑treated rat liver cells were analyzed. The cells were treated with 25 µM CdCl2 alone, or co‑treated with 5 µg/ml FLE for 48 h. The co‑treated cells were pretreated with FLE for 2 or 4 h, followed by CdCl2 treatment. Genomic transcription analysis was performed in the CdCl2‑treated cells following treatment for 6 h. The CdCl2 caused a significant decrease in viability (35.8±4.1%) and morphological distortion of the cells, compared with the untreated control cells; whereas 4 h pretreatment with FLE (5 µg/ml) reversed the Cd‑induced morphology alteration and increased the cell viability to 102±3.8%. Genomic transcription analysis of the CdCl2 only‑treated cells showed 61 upregulated and 124 downregulated genes, compared with 180 upregulated and 162 downregulated genes in the FLE pretreated cells. Furthermore, 37 and 26% of the affected total genomic genes in the CdCl2 only‑treated cells were involved in binding and catalytic activities, respectively, whereas 50 and 20% of the genes in the FLE pretreated cells were involved in binding and catalytic activities, respectively. In conclusion, these results suggested that genome transcriptome modulation may be important in the protective effect of FLE against Cd‑induced toxicity in normal rat liver cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Odewumi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307
| | - Lekan M. Latinwo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307
| | | | - Veera L.D. Badisa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307
| | | | - Marijo Kent-First
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307
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Aly FM, Kotb AM, Haridy MAM, Hammad S. Impacts of fullerene C 60 and virgin olive oil on cadmium-induced genotoxicity in rats. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 630:750-756. [PMID: 29499533 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Currently, cadmium is considered to be one of the major environmental pollutants. Environmentally, cadmium is released in various forms e.g. oxide, chloride and sulphide. The aim of the present study was to examine the genotoxic impact of fullerene nanoparticles C60 (C60) and virgin olive oil (VOO) on cadmium chloride (CdCl2)-induced genotoxicity in rats. To evaluate these effects on DNA damage and chromosomal frequency, 25 albino rats were randomly assigned to 5 groups (n=5 per group): Group 1 served as a control; Group 2 received a single intraperitoneal dose of CdCl2 (3.5mg/kg); Group 3 animals were treated with C60 (4mg/kg, orally) every other day for 20days; Group 4 received a single intraperitoneal dose of CdCl2 (3.5mg/kg) and an oral dose of C60 (4mg/kg); and Group 5 received a single intraperitoneal dose of CdCl2 (3.5mg/kg) and oral doses of VOO every other day for 20 consecutive days. Genotoxic and anti-genotoxic effects of C60 and VOO were evaluated in the liver, kidney and bone marrow using molecular and cytogenetic assays. As expected, CdCl2 and C60 administration was associated with band number alterations in both liver and kidney; however, C60 pretreatment recovered to approximately basal number. Surprisingly, C60 and VOO significantly attenuated the genotoxic effects caused by CdCl2 in livers and kidneys. In bone marrow, in addition to a reduction in the chromosomal number, several chromosomal aberrations were caused by CdCl2. These chromosomal alterations were also reversed by C60 and VOO. In conclusion, molecular and cytogenetic studies showed that C60 and VOO exhibit anti-genotoxic agents against CdCl2-induced genotoxicity in rats. Further studies are needed to investigate the optimal conditions for potential biomedical applications of these anti-genotoxic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayza M Aly
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, 83523-Qena, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Kotb
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Assiut University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 71515-Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohie A M Haridy
- Department of Pathology & Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Seddik Hammad
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, 83523-Qena, Egypt; Molecular Hepatology Section, Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Mannheim Heidelberg University, 68167-Mannheim, Germany.
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Chen S, Liu G, Long M, Zou H, Cui H. Alpha lipoic acid attenuates cadmium-induced nephrotoxicity via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathways in rat. J Inorg Biochem 2018; 184:19-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Aly FM, Kotb AM, Hammad S. Effects of Spirulina platensis on DNA damage and chromosomal aberration against cadmium chloride-induced genotoxicity in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:10829-10836. [PMID: 29397502 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1329-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Todays, bioactive compounds extracted from Spirulina platensis have been intensively studied for their therapeutical values. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of S. platensis extract on DNA damage and chromosomal aberrations induced by cadmium in rats. Four groups of male albino rats (n = 7 rats) were used. The first group served as a control group and received distilled water. The second group was exposed intraperitoneally to cadmium chloride (CdCl2) (3.5 mg/kg body weight dissolved in 2 ml distilled water). The third group included the rats that were orally treated with S. platensis extract (1 g/kg dissolved in 5 ml distilled water, every other day for 30 days). The fourth group included the rats that were intraperitoneally and orally exposed to cadmium chloride and S. platensis, respectively. The experiment in all groups was extended for 60 days. The results of cadmium-mediated toxicity revealed significant genetic effects (DNA fragmentation, deletion or disappearance of some base pairs of DNA, and appearance of few base pairs according to ISSR-PCR analysis). Moreover, chromosomes showed structural aberrations such as reduction of chromosomal number, chromosomal ring, chromatid deletions, chromosomal fragmentations, and dicentric chromosomes. Surprisingly, S. platensis extract plus CdCl2-treated group showed less genetic effects compared with CdCl2 alone. Further, S. platensis extract upon CdCl2 toxicity was associated with less chromosomal aberration number and nearly normal appearance of DNA fragments as indicated by the bone marrow and ISSR-PCR analysis, respectively. In conclusion, the present novel study showed that co-treatment with S. platensis extract could reduce the genotoxic effects of CdCl2 in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayza M Aly
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Kotb
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, Friedrich-Loeffler-Str. 23c, 17487, Greifswald, Germany.
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt.
| | - Seddik Hammad
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt
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Neuroprotective effect of Annona glabra extract against ethanol-induced apoptotic neurodegeneration in neonatal rats. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 181:106-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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36
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Anticancer activity of crocin against cervical carcinoma (HeLa cells): Bioassessment and toxicity evaluation of crocin in male albino rats. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 180:118-124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Bansal KK, Gupta J, Rosling A, Rosenholm JM. Renewable poly(δ-decalactone) based block copolymer micelles as drug delivery vehicle: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Saudi Pharm J 2018; 26:358-368. [PMID: 29556127 PMCID: PMC5856948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymers from natural resources are attracting much attention in various fields including drug delivery as green alternatives to fossil fuel based polymers. In this quest, novel block copolymers based on renewable poly(δ-decalactone) (PDL) were evaluated for their drug delivery capabilities and compared with a fossil fuel based polymer i.e. methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone) (mPEG-b-PCL). Using curcumin as a hydrophobic drug model, micelles of PDL block copolymers with different orientation i.e. AB (mPEG-b-PDL), ABA (PDL-b-PEG-b-PDL), ABC (mPEG-b-PDL-b-poly(pentadecalactone) and (mPEG-b-PCL) were prepared by nanoprecipitation method. The size, drug loading and curcumin stability studies results indicated that mPEG-b-PDL micelles was comparable to its counterpart mPEG-b-PCL micelles towards improved delivery of curcumin. Therefore, mixed micelles using these two copolymers were also evaluated to see any change in size, loading and drug release. Drug release studies proposed that sustained release can be obtained using poly(pentadecalactone) as crystalline core whereas rapid release can be achieved using amorphous PDL core. Further, mPEG-b-PDL micelles were found to be non-haemolytic, up to the concentration of 40 mg/mL. In vivo toxicity studies on rats advised low-toxic behaviour of these micelles up to 400 mg/kg dose, as evident by histopathological and biochemical analysis. In summary, it is anticipated that mPEG-b-PDL block copolymer micelles could serve as a renewable alternative for mPEG-b-PCL copolymers in drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuldeep K Bansal
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281406, India.,Laboratory of Polymer Technology, Centre of Excellence in Functional Materials at Biological Interfaces, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, 20500 Turku, Finland.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Abo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Jitendra Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281406, India
| | - Ari Rosling
- Laboratory of Polymer Technology, Centre of Excellence in Functional Materials at Biological Interfaces, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Jessica M Rosenholm
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Abo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
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38
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Saleh RM, Awadin WF. Biochemical and histopathological changes of subacute cadmium intoxication in male rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:25475-25481. [PMID: 28975487 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0348-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Biochemical and histopathological effects of subacute intoxication of rats with cadmium (Cd) were studied in rats. Twenty adult healthy male albino rats were randomly divided into two duplicate groups (five rats in each cage); (1) control group where rats were provided with standard diet and water ad-libitum, (2) Cd group where rats were subjected to freshly prepared Cd chloride solution (CdCl2) 200 mg/l in drinking water daily for 8 weeks, the whole duration of experiment. Blood samples were obtained after 4 weeks, via retro-orbital bleeding for separation of serum. Five rats were killed, each sacrifice by decapitation for collection of kidneys and heart. Disturbed renal and cardiac functions were achieved after 4 weeks as indicated by the increase of most biochemical parameters measured in the serum, renal, and cardiac tissues. Histopathological examination of kidneys and hearts showed pathological alterations in Cd-intoxicated rats after 4 and 8 weeks with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson trichrome stains. It was concluded that subacute exposure of rats to Cd (200 mg/l) in drinking water daily induced glomerular shrinkage, focal renal, and cardiac fibrosis at 4 and 8 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha M Saleh
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Walaa F Awadin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
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Protective Effect of Fragaria ananassa Crude Extract on Cadmium-Induced Lipid Peroxidation, Antioxidant Enzymes Suppression, and Apoptosis in Rat Testes. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18050957. [PMID: 28475120 PMCID: PMC5454870 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18050957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium is a deleterious environmental pollutant that threats both animals and human health. Oxidative stress and elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) have recently been reported to be the main cause of cellular damage as a result of cadmium exposure. We investigate, here, the protective effect of strawberry crude extracts on cadmium-induced oxidative damage of testes in rats. Four groups (n = 8) of 32 adult male Wistar rats weighing 160-180 g were used. The control group received 0.9% saline solution all over the experimental period (5 days). Group 2 was intraperitoneally injected with 6.5 mg/kg CdCl₂. Group 3 was provided only with an oral administration of strawberry methanolic extract (SME) at a dose of 250 mg/kg. Group 4 was treated with SME before cadmium injection with the same mentioned doses. It was shown that cadmium exposure results in a significant decrease in both relative testicular weight and serum testosterone level. Analyzing the oxidative damaging effect of cadmium on the testicular tissue revealed the induction of oxidative stress markers represented in the elevated level of lipid peroxidation (LPO), nitric oxide (NO), and a decrease in the reduced glutathione (GSH) content. Considering cadmium toxicity, the level of the antioxidant enzyme activities including catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD2), glutathione peroxidase (GPx1), and glutathione reductase (GR) were markedly decreased. Moreover, gene expression analysis indicated significant upregulation of the pro-apoptotic proteins, bcl-2-associated-X-protein (BAX), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFA) in response to cadmium intoxication, while significant downregulation of the anti-apoptotic, B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) gene was detected. Immunohistochemistry of the testicular tissue possessed positive immunostaining for the increased level of TNF-α, but decreased number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) stained cells. Administration of SME debilitated the deleterious effect of cadmium via reduction of both LPO and NO levels followed by a significant enhancement in the gene expression level of CAT, SOD2, GPX1, GR, nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2), heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1), Bcl-2, and PCNA. In addition, the SME treated group revealed a significant increase in the level of testosterone and GSH accompanied by a marked decrease in the gene expression level of Bax and TNF-α. In terms of the summarized results, the SME of Fragaria ananassa has a protective effect against cadmium-induced oxidative damage of testes.
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Elkhadragy MF, Abdel Moneim AE. Protective effect of Fragaria ananassa methanolic extract on cadmium chloride (CdCl 2)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2017; 27:335-345. [PMID: 28110594 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2017.1285973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the protective effect of Fragaria ananassa methanolic extract on cadmium chloride (CdCl2)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. CdCl2 was intraperitoneally injected at a dose of 6.5 mg/kg of body weight for 5 d with or without methanol extract of Fragaria ananassa (250 mg/kg). The hepatic cadmium concentration, lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, glutathione (GSH) content, and antioxidant enzyme activities, including superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT), GSH peroxidase, and GSH reductase, were estimated. CdCl2 injection induced a significant elevation in cadmium concentration, lipid peroxidation, and nitric oxide and caused a significant depletion in GSH content compared to controls, along with a remarkable decrease in antioxidant enzymes. Oxidative stress induction and cadmium accumulation in the liver were successfully ameliorated by F. ananassa (strawberry) pre-administration. In addition, the pre-administration of strawberry decreased the elevated gene expression of the pro-apoptotic Bax gene as well as the protein expression of caspases-3 in the liver of CdCl2-injected rats. In addition, the reduced gene expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 was increased. Our results show an increase in the expression of tumor necrosis factor α in the liver of rats treated with cadmium. In sum, our results suggested that F. ananassa successfully prevented deleterious effects on liver function by reinforcing the antioxidant defense system, inhibiting oxidative stress and reducing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal F Elkhadragy
- a Department of Zoology , College of Science, King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia.,b Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science , Helwan University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Abdel Moneim
- b Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science , Helwan University , Cairo , Egypt
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Abdelrazek HM, Helmy SA, Elsayed DH, Ebaid HM, Mohamed RM. Ameliorating effects of green tea extract on cadmium induced reproductive injury in male Wistar rats with respect to androgen receptors and caspase- 3. Reprod Biol 2016; 16:300-308. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Gomes de Moura CF, Ribeiro DA. Are food compounds able to modulate noxious activities induced by cadmium exposure? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2016; 57:632-636. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2014.911719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Araki Ribeiro
- Departments of Pathology, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, SP, Brazil
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Abarikwu SO, Olufemi PD, Lawrence CJ, Wekere FC, Ochulor AC, Barikuma AM. Rutin, an antioxidant flavonoid, induces glutathione and glutathione peroxidase activities to protect against ethanol effects in cadmium-induced oxidative stress in the testis of adult rats. Andrologia 2016; 49. [PMID: 27562125 DOI: 10.1111/and.12696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to cadmium (Cd) reduces sperm quality and induces oxidative stress in the testis. Rutin is an effective antioxidant flavonoid. We studied the effect of ethanol (EtOH, 5 g/kg b.wt.) intake on Cd (50 mg/kg b.wt.)-induced testicular toxicity with or without RUT pre-treatment (25, 50, 100 mg/kg b.wt.) in rats. At the end of the 15-day oral treatment, co-treatment with EtOH decreased the activities of glutathione (GSH), GSH-peroxidase and superoxide dismutase resulting to slight increase in the testicular MDA level compared to Cd-treated rats. The Cd+EtOH animals had higher levels of abnormal spermatozoa, decreased epididymal sperm number and serum testosterone levels (p < .05) compared to the Cd-treated animals. Rutin co-administration protected against the EtOH effects in a dose-dependent manner, with the Cd+EtOH+50 mg/kg RUT- and Cd+EtOH+100 mg/kg RUT-treated animals having higher GSH and GSH-Px activities beyond the control values (p < .05). In a supplementary study, animals treated daily with RUT alone (25, 50, 100 mg/kg b.wt.) for 15 days dose-dependently increased testicular GSH-peroxidase and GSH activities by 9.38%, 31.25%, 56.25% and 7.14%, 32.14%, 60.71%, respectively, compared to control values. Therefore, RUT induces GSH and GSH-Px activities to protect against Cd+EtOH-induced testis oxidative stress in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O Abarikwu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria
| | - P D Olufemi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria
| | - C J Lawrence
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria
| | - F C Wekere
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria
| | - A C Ochulor
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria
| | - A M Barikuma
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria
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Oyinloye BE, Adenowo AF, Osunsanmi FO, Ogunyinka BI, Nwozo SO, Kappo AP. Aqueous extract of Monodora myristica ameliorates cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity in male rats. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:641. [PMID: 27330907 PMCID: PMC4870522 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2228-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, indigenous medicinal plants exhibiting diverse biological activities have been explored in the amelioration of hepatotoxicity. This study investigates the protective effect of Monodora myristica (MM) on cadmium-induced liver damage in experimental animals. Male Wistar albino rats were maintained on 200 mg/L cadmium: Cd (Cd as CdCl2) in the animals’ main drinking water to induce hepatotoxicity. Added to this, the animals received aqueous extracts of MM at a dose of 200 or 400 and 20 mg/kg bw of Livolin forte (LF) for 21 days. At the end of the experiment, levels of serum enzyme biomarkers (alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and aspartate transaminase) as well as total cholesterol (TC), triacylglyceride (TG) and malondialdehyde were significantly raised in the cadmium treated groups. Conversely, cadmium treatment elicited noticeable decrease in hepatic enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants (reduced glutathione: GSH, catalase: CAT, superoxide dismutase: SOD). Co-treatment with MM at varying doses as well as LF considerably decreased the elevated levels of the serum biomarkers as well as TC, TG and malondialdehyde in the cadmium-treated groups in a dose dependant manner. Additionally, MM exhibited reversal potential on cadmium-toxicity at the tested doses as its administration was accompanied by a pronounced increase in GSH, SOD, and CAT levels. Histopathological results were parallel to these findings. These results demonstrates that aqueous extracts of MM is effective in the amelioration of hepatic damages arising from cadmium-induced toxicity, indicating that the antioxidant bio-constituents of MM play an important role in the prevention of liver toxicity possibly by inhibiting bioaccumulation of free radicals in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babatunji Emmanuel Oyinloye
- Biotechnology and Structural Biology (BSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, 3886 South Africa ; Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, Afe Babalola University, PMB 5454, Ado-Ekiti, 360001 Nigeria
| | - Abiola Fatimah Adenowo
- Biotechnology and Structural Biology (BSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, 3886 South Africa
| | - Foluso Oluwagbemiga Osunsanmi
- Biotechnology and Structural Biology (BSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, 3886 South Africa
| | - Bolajoko Idiat Ogunyinka
- Biotechnology and Structural Biology (BSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, 3886 South Africa
| | - Sarah Onyenibe Nwozo
- Nutritional and Industrial Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200002 Nigeria
| | - Abidemi Paul Kappo
- Biotechnology and Structural Biology (BSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, 3886 South Africa
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Gomes de Moura CF, Pidone Ribeiro FA, Lucke G, Boiago Gollucke AP, Fujiyama Oshima CT, Ribeiro DA. Apple juice attenuates genotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by cadmium exposure in multiple organs of rats. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2015; 32:7-12. [PMID: 26302906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the health benefits associated with apple consumption following cadmium exposure. A total of 15 Wistar rats were distributed into three groups (n=5), as follows: control group (non-treated group, CTRL); cadmium group (Cd) and apple juice group (Cd+AJ). The results showed a decrease in the frequency micronucleated cells in bone marrow and hepatocytes in the group exposed to cadmium and treated with apple juice. Apple juice was also able to reduce the 8OHdG levels and to decrease genetic damage in liver and peripheral blood cells. Catalase (CAT) was decreased following apple juice intake. Taken together, our results demonstrate that apple juice seems to be able to prevent genotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by cadmium exposure in multiple organs of Wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gabriela Lucke
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Daniel Araki Ribeiro
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, SP, Brazil; Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, SP, Brazil.
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Vergilio C, Moreira R, Carvalho C, Melo E. Evolution of cadmium effects in the testis and sperm of the tropical fish Gymnotus carapo. Tissue Cell 2015; 47:132-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Felix MO, Gilbert EW, Dogood AA, Meashack OI, Polycarp UN. Histological alteration of the pulmonary alveoli, renal cortex and spleen following exposure to open refuse dump site. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4103/1596-2393.177020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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