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Mickky B, Elsaka H, Abbas M, Gebreil A, Eldeen RS. Plackett-Burman screening of physico-chemical variables affecting Citrus peel-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their antimicrobial activity. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8079. [PMID: 38582926 PMCID: PMC10998881 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58102-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
With the growing resistance of pathogenic microbes to traditional drugs, biogenic silver nanoparticles (SNPs) have recently drawn attention as potent antimicrobial agents. In the present study, SNPs synthesized with the aid of orange (Citrus sinensis) peel were engineered by screening variables affecting their properties via Plackett-Burman design. Among the variables screened (temperature, pH, shaking speed, incubation time, peel extract concentration, AgNO3 concentration and extract/AgNO3 volume ratio), pH was the only variable with significant effect on SNPs synthesis. Therefore, SNPs properties could be enhanced to possess highly regular shape with zeta size of 11.44 nm and zeta potential of - 23.7 mV. SNPs purified, capped and stabilized by cloud point extraction technique were then checked for their antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus, Listeria innocua, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium and Candida albicans. The maximum antimicrobial activity of SNPs was recorded against E. coli, L. monocytogenes and C. albicans with clear zone diameter of 33.2, 31.8 and 31.7 mm, respectively. Based on minimum inhibition concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of SNPs (300 mg/l) as well as their effect on respiratory chain dehydrogenases, cellular sugar leakage, protein leakage and lipid peroxidation of microbial cells, E. coli was the most affected. Scanning electron microscopy, protein banding and DNA fragmentation proved obvious ultrastructural and molecular alterations of E. coli treated with SNPs. Thus, biogenic SNPs with enhanced properties can be synthesized with the aid of Citrus peel; and such engineered nanoparticles can be used as potent antimicrobial drug against E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bardees Mickky
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Heba Elsaka
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Gebreil
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Reham Shams Eldeen
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Arish University, Arish, 45511, Egypt
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Wang YL, Lee YH, Chou CL, Chang YS, Liu WC, Chiu HW. Oxidative stress and potential effects of metal nanoparticles: A review of biocompatibility and toxicity concerns. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 346:123617. [PMID: 38395133 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles (M-NPs) have garnered significant attention due to their unique properties, driving diverse applications across packaging, biomedicine, electronics, and environmental remediation. However, the potential health risks associated with M-NPs must not be disregarded. M-NPs' ability to accumulate in organs and traverse the blood-brain barrier poses potential health threats to animals, humans, and the environment. The interaction between M-NPs and various cellular components, including DNA, multiple proteins, and mitochondria, triggers the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), influencing several cellular activities. These interactions have been linked to various effects, such as protein alterations, the buildup of M-NPs in the Golgi apparatus, heightened lysosomal hydrolases, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, cell membrane impairment, cytoplasmic disruption, and fluctuations in ATP levels. Despite the evident advantages M-NPs offer in diverse applications, gaps in understanding their biocompatibility and toxicity necessitate further research. This review provides an updated assessment of M-NPs' pros and cons across different applications, emphasizing associated hazards and potential toxicity. To ensure the responsible and safe use of M-NPs, comprehensive research is conducted to fully grasp the potential impact of these nanoparticles on both human health and the environment. By delving into their intricate interactions with biological systems, we can navigate the delicate balance between harnessing the benefits of M-NPs and minimizing potential risks. Further exploration will pave the way for informed decision-making, leading to the conscientious development of these nanomaterials and safeguarding the well-being of society and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Li Wang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lee
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung, 406, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Lin Chou
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hsin Kuo Min Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taoyuan City, 320, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 235, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Chang
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 235, Taiwan; Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chih Liu
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 114, Taiwan; Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Antai Medical Care Corporation Antai Tian-Sheng Memorial Hospital, Pingtung, 928, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung, 912, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 235, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
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Muthuramalingam R, Barroso K, Milagres J, Tedardi V, Franco de Oliveira F, Takeshita V, Karmous I, El-Tanbouly R, da Silva W. Tiny but Mighty: Nanoscale Materials in Plant Disease Management. PLANT DISEASE 2024; 108:241-255. [PMID: 37408118 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-05-23-0970-fe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale materials are promising tools for managing plant diseases and are becoming important players in the current agritech revolution. However, adopting modern methodologies requires a broad understanding of their effectiveness in solving target problems and their effects on the environment and food chain. Furthermore, it is paramount that such technologies are mechanistically and economically feasible for growers to adopt in order to be sustainable in the long run. This Feature Article summarizes the latest findings on the role of nanoscale materials in managing agricultural plant pathogens. Herein, we discussed the benefits and limitations of using nanoscale materials in plant disease management and their potential impacts on the environment and global food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Muthuramalingam
- Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06511, U.S.A
| | - Karol Barroso
- Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06511, U.S.A
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - Juliana Milagres
- Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06511, U.S.A
- Department of Plant Pathology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Vitória Tedardi
- Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06511, U.S.A
- Department of Plant Pathology, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Felipe Franco de Oliveira
- Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06511, U.S.A
- Department of Plant Pathology and Nematology, E.S.A. "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Takeshita
- Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06511, U.S.A
- Center of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Ines Karmous
- Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06511, U.S.A
- The Higher Institute of Applied Biology of Medenine (ISBAM), Tunisia
| | - Rania El-Tanbouly
- Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06511, U.S.A
- Department of Floriculture, Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Design, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Washington da Silva
- Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06511, U.S.A
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
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Dhir R, Chauhan S, Subham P, Kumar S, Sharma P, Shidiki A, Kumar G. Plant-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles: unlocking their pharmacological potential-a comprehensive review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 11:1324805. [PMID: 38264582 PMCID: PMC10803431 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1324805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent times, nanoparticles have experienced a significant upsurge in popularity, primarily owing to their minute size and their remarkable ability to modify physical, chemical, and biological properties. This burgeoning interest can be attributed to the expanding array of biomedical applications where nanoparticles find utility. These nanoparticles, typically ranging in size from 10 to 100 nm, exhibit diverse shapes, such as spherical, discoidal, and cylindrical configurations. These variations are not solely influenced by the manufacturing processes but are also intricately linked to interactions with surrounding stabilizing agents and initiators. Nanoparticles can be synthesized through physical or chemical methods, yet the biological approach emerges as the most sustainable and eco-friendly alternative among the three. Among the various nanoparticle types, silver nanoparticles have emerged as the most encountered and widely utilized due to their exceptional properties. What makes the synthesis of silver nanoparticles even more appealing is the application of plant-derived sources as reducing agents. This approach not only proves to be cost-effective but also significantly reduces the synthesis time. Notably, silver nanoparticles produced through plant-mediated processes have garnered considerable attention in recent years due to their notable medicinal capabilities. This comprehensive review primarily delves into the diverse medicinal attributes of silver nanoparticles synthesized using plant-mediated techniques. Encompassing antimicrobial properties, cytotoxicity, wound healing, larvicidal effects, anti-angiogenesis activity, antioxidant potential, and antiplasmodial activity, the paper extensively covers these multifaceted roles. Additionally, an endeavor is made to provide an elucidated summary of the operational mechanisms underlying the pharmacological actions of silver nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajan Dhir
- Department of Microbiology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Sakshi Chauhan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Praddiuman Subham
- Department of Microbiology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Saksham Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Pratham Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
| | - Amrullah Shidiki
- Department of Microbiology, National Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Birgunj, Nepal
| | - Gaurav Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India
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Elkhrachy I, Singh V, Kumar A, Roy A, Abbas M, Gacem A, Alam MW, Yadav KK, Verma D, Jeon BH, Park HK. Use of biogenic silver nanoparticles on the cathode to improve bioelectricity production in microbial fuel cells. Front Chem 2023; 11:1273161. [PMID: 37810584 PMCID: PMC10557073 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1273161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, research on microbial fuel cells (MFCs) has. focused on the production of cost-effective, high-performance electrodes and catalysts. The present study focuses on the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by Pseudomonas sp. and evaluates their role as an oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyst in an MFC. Biogenic AgNPs were synthesized from Pseudomonas aeruginosa via facile hydrothermal synthesis. The physiochemical characterization of the biogenic AgNPs was conducted via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and UV-visible spectrum analysis. SEM micrographs showed a spherical cluster of AgNPs of 20-100 nm in size. The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) ability of the biogenic AgNPs was studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV). The oxygen reduction peaks were observed at 0.43 V, 0.42 V, 0.410 V, and 0.39 V. Different concentrations of biogenic AgNPs (0.25-1.0 mg/cm2) were used as ORR catalysts at the cathode in the MFC. A steady increase in the power production was observed with increasing concentrations of biogenic AgNPs. Biogenic AgNPs loaded with 1.0 mg/cm2 exhibited the highest power density (PDmax) of 4.70 W/m3, which was approximately 26.30% higher than the PDmax of the sample loaded with 0.25 mg/cm2. The highest COD removal and Coulombic efficiency (CE) were also observed in biogenic AgNPs loaded with 1.0 mg/cm2 (83.8% and 11.7%, respectively). However, the opposite trend was observed in the internal resistance of the MFC. The lowest internal resistance was observed in a 1.0 mg/cm2 loading (87 Ω), which is attributed to the high oxygen reduction kinetics at the surface of the cathode by the biogenic AgNPs. The results of this study conclude that biogenic AgNPs are a cost-effective, high-performance ORR catalyst in MFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Elkhrachy
- Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vandana Singh
- Department of Microbiology, SSAHS, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ankit Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Arpita Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, Sharda School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amel Gacem
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University 20 Août 1955, Skikda, Algeria
| | - Mir Waqas Alam
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Krishna Kumar Yadav
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Madhyanchal Professional University, Bhopal, India
- Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences Research Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Nasiriyah, Iraq
| | - Devvret Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Kyung Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Rotheca serrata Flower Bud Extract Mediated Bio-Friendly Preparation of Silver Nanoparticles: Their Characterizations, Anticancer, and Apoptosis Inducing Ability against Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cell Line. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11030893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Over past decades, the green method of synthesizing metal nanoparticles has acquired more attentiveness by scientific consensus because of its industrial and biomedical applications. This study focuses on the anti-proliferative effectiveness of AgNPs synthesized from Rotheca serrata (L.) Steane & Mabb. flower bud extract against the PANC-1 cell line in vitro. Various analytical instruments were utilized to visualize the formation of RsFb-AgNPs, such as UV-Vis spectroscopy, FT-IR, SEM, EDS, TEM, XRD, Zeta potential, and DLS analysis. The biosynthesis of RsFb-AgNPs was observed by a change in color and UV-Vis spectroscopy (415 nm). The FT-IR spectra exhibited the existence of many functional groups. XRD confirmed the crystallinity of the AgNPs. Morphology and elemental mapping were assessed by SEM and EDS analysis. The TEM micrograph revealed spherical-shaped particles with sizes ranging from 12 to 40 nm. Zeta potential and DLS analysis were used to measure surface charge and particle size. Biological properties, including the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties of synthesized RsFb-AgNPs, exhibited dose-dependent activities. In DPPH assay, synthesized RsFb-AgNPs inhibited the scavenging of free radicals in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the resultant RsFb-AgNPs displayed moderate antimicrobial activity against tested pathogens. Further, the anti-proliferative efficacy of biosynthesized RsFb-AgNPs was determined against the PANC-1 cell line using the MTT assay. The results revealed a dose-dependent decrease in viability of cancer cells with an IC50 value of 36.01 µg/mL. Flow cytometry was then used to confirm the apoptotic effects by double staining with annexin V/PI. In response to the pancreatic ductal adenocarinoma cell line, the results showed notable early and late apoptosis cell population percentages. In conclusion, the synthesized RsFb-AgNPs revealed a potential anticancer agent that can induce apoptosis in the PANC-1 cells.
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Silver Nanoparticles Phytofabricated through Azadirachta indica: Anticancer, Apoptotic, and Wound-Healing Properties. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12010121. [PMID: 36671322 PMCID: PMC9855199 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have unlocked numerous novel disciplines in nanobiotechnological protocols due to their larger surface area-to-volume ratios, which are attributed to the marked reactivity of nanosilver, and due to their extremely small size, which enables AgNPs to enter cells, interact with organelles, and yield distinct biological effects. AgNPs are capable of bypassing immune cells, staying in the system for longer periods and with a higher distribution, reaching target tissues at higher concentrations, avoiding diffusion to adjacent tissues, releasing therapeutic agents or drugs for specific stimuli to achieve a longer duration at a specific rate, and yielding desired effects. The phytofabrication of AgNPs is a cost-effective, one-step, environmentally friendly, and easy method that harnesses sustainable resources and naturally available components of plant extracts (PEs). In addition, it processes various catalytic activities for the degradation of various organic pollutants. For the phytofabrication of AgNPs, plant products can be used in a multifunctional manner as a reducing agent, a stabilizing agent, and a functionalizing agent. In addition, they can be used to curtail the requirements for any additional stabilizing agents and to help the reaction stages subside. Azadirachta indica, a very common and prominent medicinal plant grown throughout the Indian subcontinent, possesses free radical scavenging and other pharmaceutical properties via the regulation of proinflammatory enzymes, such as COX and TOX. It also demonstrates anticancer activities through cell-signaling pathways, modulating tumor-suppressing genes such as p53 and pTEN, transcriptional factors, angiogenesis, and apoptosis via bcl2 and bax. In addition, it possesses antibacterial activities. Phytofabricated AgNPs have been applied in the areas of drug delivery, bioimaging, biosensing, cancer treatment, cosmetics, and cell biology. Such pharmaceutical and biological activities of phytofabricated AgNPs are attributed to more than 300 phytochemicals found in Azadirachta indica, and are especially abundant in flavonoids, polyphenols, diterpenoids, triterpenoids, limonoids, tannins, coumarin, nimbolide, azadirachtin, azadirone, azadiradione, and gedunin. Parts of Azadirachta indica, including the leaves in various forms, have been used for wound healing or as a repellent. This study was aimed at examining previously biosynthesized (from Azadirachta indica) AgNPs for anticancer, wound-healing, and antimicrobial actions (through MTT reduction assay, scratch assay, and microbroth dilution methods, respectively). Additionally, apoptosis in cancer cells and the antibiofilm capabilities of AgNPs were examined through caspase-3 expression, dentine block, and crystal violet methods. We found that biogenic silver nanoparticles are capable of inducing cytotoxicity in HCT-116 colon carcinoma cells (IC50 of 744.23 µg/mL, R2: 0.94), but are ineffective against MCF-7 breast cancer cells (IC50 >> 1000 µg/mL, R2: 0.86). AgNPs (IC50 value) induced a significant increase in caspase-3 expression (a 1.5-fold increase) in HCT-116, as compared with control cells. FITC-MFI was 1936 in HCT-116-treated cells, as compared to being 4551 in cisplatin and 1297 in untreated cells. AgNPs (6.26 µg/mL and 62.5 µg/mL) induced the cellular migration (40.2% and 33.23%, respectively) of V79 Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts; however, the improvement in wound healing was not significant as it was for the controls. AgNPs (MIC of 10 µg/mL) were very effective against MDR Enterococcus faecalis in the planktonic mode as well as in the biofilm mode. AgNPs (10 µg/mL and 320 µg/mL) reduced the E. faecalis biofilm by >50% and >80%, respectively. Natural products, such as Syzygium aromaticum (clove) oil (MIC of 312.5 µg/mL) and eugenol (MIC of 625 µg/mL), showed significant antimicrobial effects against A. indica. Our findings indicate that A. indica-functionalized AgNPs are effective against cancer cells and can induce apoptosis in HCT-116 colon carcinoma cells; however, the anticancer properties of AgNPs can also be upgraded through active targeting (functionalized with enzymes, antibiotics, photosensitizers, or antibodies) in immunotherapy, photothermal therapy, and photodynamic therapy. Our findings also suggest that functionalized AgNPs could be pivotal in the development of a novel, non-cytotoxic, biocompatible therapeutic agent for infected chronic wounds, ulcers, and skin lesions involving MDR pathogens via their incorporation into scaffolds, composites, patches, microgels, or formulations for microneedles, dressings, bandages, gels, or other drug-delivery systems.
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Nagaraja SK, Niazi SK, Bepari A, Assiri RA, Nayaka S. Leonotis nepetifolia Flower Bud Extract Mediated Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles, Their Characterization, and In Vitro Evaluation of Biological Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15248990. [PMID: 36556796 PMCID: PMC9781718 DOI: 10.3390/ma15248990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the green matrix is an emerging trend and is considered green nanotechnology because it involves a simple, low-cost, and environmentally friendly process. The present research aimed to synthesize silver nanoparticles from a Leonotis nepetifolia (L.) R.Br. flower bud aqueous extract, characterize these nanoparticles, and perform in vitro determination of their biological applications. UV-Vis spectra were used to study the characterization of biosynthesized L. nepetifolia-flower-bud-mediated AgNPs (LnFb-AgNPs); an SPR absorption maximum at 418 nm confirmed the formation of LnFb-AgNPs. The presumed phytoconstituents subjected to reduction in the silver ions were revealed by FTIR analysis. XRD, TEM, EDS, TGA, and zeta potential with DLS analysis revealed the crystalline nature, particle size, elemental details, surface charge, thermal stability, and spherical shape, with an average size of 24.50 nm. In addition, the LnFb-AgNPs were also tested for antimicrobial activity and exhibited a moderate zone of inhibition against the selected pathogens. Concentration-dependent antioxidant activity was observed in the DPPH assay. Further, the cytotoxicity increased proportionate to the increasing concentration of the biosynthesized LnFb-AgNPs with a maximum effect at 200 μg/mL by showing the inhibition cell viability percentages and an IC50 of 35.84 μg/mL. Subsequently, the apoptotic/necrotic potential was determined using Annexin V/Propidium Iodide staining by the flow cytometry method. Significant early and late apoptosis cell populations were observed in response to the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PANC-1) cell line, as demonstrated by the obtained results. In conclusion, the study's findings suggest that the LnFb-AgNPs could serve as remedial agents in a wide range of biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shaik Kalimulla Niazi
- Department of Preparatory Health Sciences, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh 12611, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmatanzeem Bepari
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasha Assad Assiri
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sreenivasa Nayaka
- P.G. Department of Studies in Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, Karnataka, India
- Correspondence: (S.K.N.); (S.N.)
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Sharma AR, Lee YH, Bat-Ulzii A, Bhattacharya M, Chakraborty C, Lee SS. Recent advances of metal-based nanoparticles in nucleic acid delivery for therapeutic applications. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:501. [PMID: 36434667 PMCID: PMC9700905 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01650-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent efforts in designing nanomaterials to deliver potential therapeutics to the targeted site are overwhelming and palpable. Engineering nanomaterials to deliver biological molecules to exert desirable physiological changes, with minimized side effects and optimal dose, has revolutionized the next-generation therapy for several diseases. The rapid progress of nucleic acids as biopharmaceutics is going to alter the traditional pharmaceutics practices in modern medicine. However, enzymatic instability, large size, dense negative charge (hydrophilic for cell uptake), and unintentional adverse biological responses-such as prolongation of the blood coagulation and immune system activation-hamper the potential use of nucleic acids for therapeutic purposes. Moreover, the safe delivery of nucleic acids into the clinical setting is an uphill task, and several efforts are being put forward to deliver them to targeted cells. Advances in Metal-based NanoParticles (MNPs) are drawing attention due to the unique properties offered by them for drug delivery, such as large surface-area-to-volume ratio for surface modification, increased therapeutic index of drugs through site-specific delivery, increased stability, enhanced half-life of the drug in circulation, and efficient biodistribution to the desired targeted site. Here, the potential of nanoparticles delivery systems for the delivery of nucleic acids, specially MNPs, and their ability and advantages over other nano delivery systems are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Ranjan Sharma
- grid.464534.40000 0004 0647 1735Institute for Skeletal Aging and Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon-si, 24252 Gangwon-do Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Hee Lee
- grid.464534.40000 0004 0647 1735Institute for Skeletal Aging and Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon-si, 24252 Gangwon-do Republic of Korea
| | - Altanzul Bat-Ulzii
- grid.464534.40000 0004 0647 1735Institute for Skeletal Aging and Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon-si, 24252 Gangwon-do Republic of Korea
| | - Manojit Bhattacharya
- grid.444315.30000 0000 9013 5080Department of Zoology, Fakir Mohan University, Vyasa Vihar, Balasore, Odisha 756020 India
| | - Chiranjib Chakraborty
- grid.502979.00000 0004 6087 8632Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University, Ba-rasat-Barrackpore Rd, Kolkata, West Bengal 700126 India
| | - Sang-Soo Lee
- grid.464534.40000 0004 0647 1735Institute for Skeletal Aging and Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon-si, 24252 Gangwon-do Republic of Korea
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Synthesis of Green Engineered Silver Nanoparticles through Urtica dioica: An Inhibition of Microbes and Alleviation of Cellular and Organismal Toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11121690. [PMID: 36551347 PMCID: PMC9774676 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11121690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant fractions have a diversity of biomolecules that can be used to make complicated reactions for the bioactive fabrication of metal nanoparticles (NPs), in addition to being beneficial as antioxidant medications or dietary supplements. The current study shows that Urtica dioica (UD) and biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) of UD have antibacterial and antioxidant properties against bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas putida) and Drosophila melanogaster (Oregon R+). According to their ability to scavenge free radicals, DPPH, ABTS, TFC, and TPC initially estimated the antioxidant potential of UD and UD AgNPs. The fabricated AgNPs were analyzed (UV−Vis, FTIR, EDS, and SEM) to determine the functional groups (alcohol, carboxylic acids, phenol, proteins, and aldehydes) and to observe the shape (agglomerated crystalline and rod-shaped structure). The disc diffusion method was used to test the antimicrobial properties of synthesized Ag-NPs against E. coli and P. putida. For 24 to 120 h, newly enclosed flies and third instar larvae of Drosophila were treated with UD and UD AgNPs. After exposure, tests for biochemical effects (acetylcholinesterase inhibition and protein estimation assays), cytotoxicity (dye exclusion), and behavioral effects (jumping and climbing assays) were conducted. The results showed that nanoparticles were found to have potent antimicrobial activity against all microbial strains tested at various concentrations. In this regard, ethno-medicinal characteristics exhibit a similar impact in D. melanogaster, showing (p < 0.05) significantly decreased cellular toxicity (trypan blue dye), enhanced biochemical markers (AChE efficacy and proteotoxicity), and improved behavioral patterns in the organism treated with UD AgNPs, especially in comparison to UD extract. The results of this study may help in the utilization of specific plants as reliable sources of natural antioxidants that may have been beneficial in the synthesis of metallic NPs, which aids in the production of nanomedicine and other therapeutic applications.
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11
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Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles for biomedical applications: A mini review. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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12
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Geremew A, Carson L, Woldesenbet S. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using extract of Rumex nepalensis for bactericidal effect against food-borne pathogens and antioxidant activity. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:991669. [PMID: 36203876 PMCID: PMC9530741 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.991669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolution and incidence of multidrug-resistant food-borne pathogens still become a critical public health global issue. To avert this challenge there is great interest in medical applications of silver nanoparticles. Thus, this study aimed to synthesize silver nanoparticles (Rn-AgNPs) using aqueous leaf extract of Nepal Dock (Rumex nepalensis Spreng) and evaluate their antibacterial potential against food-borne pathogens and antioxidant activity. The Rn-AgNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR). The antibacterial activities of the Rn-AgNPs were evaluated using agar well diffusion (zone of inhibition, ZOI) and microdilution (minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC and minimum bactericidal concentration, MBC) methods. The antioxidant property of the Rn-AgNPs was investigated using radical scavenging (DPPH and hydroxyl) assays. The UV-Vis spectra of Rn-AgNPs elucidated the absorption maxima at 425 nm and FTIR detected numerous functional groups of biological compounds that are responsible for capping and stabilizing Rn-AgNPs. DLS analysis displayed monodispersed Rn-AgNPs of 86.7 nm size and highly negative zeta potential (-32.5 mV). Overall results showed that Escherichia coli was the most sensitive organism, whereas Staphylococcus aureus was the least sensitive against Rn-AgNPs. In the antioxidant tests, the AgNPs radical scavenging activity reached 95.44% at 100 μg/ml. This study indicates that Rn-AgNPs exhibit a strong antimicrobial on L. monocytogenes, S. aureus, S. typhimurium, and E. coli and antioxidant and thus might be developed as a new type of antimicrobial agent for the treatment of multidrug-resistant foodborne pathogens and extensible applications in nanomaterial food- and nanocomposite-based antimicrobial packaging and/or as an antioxidant.
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Sharaf EM, Hassan A, AL-Salmi FA, Albalwe FM, Albalawi HMR, Darwish DB, Fayad E. Synergistic antibacterial activity of compact silver/magnetite core-shell nanoparticles core shell against Gram-negative foodborne pathogens. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:929491. [PMID: 36118244 PMCID: PMC9478199 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.929491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of innovative antibacterial drugs against foodborne pathogens has led to an interest in novel materials such as nanomaterials. The unique features of nanomaterial qualify it for use as an antibacterial treatment. Noble metals and metal oxide nanoparticles, such as silver and magnetite nanoparticles, have been shown to be effective antibacterial medications against a range of microorganisms. In this work, Ag@Fe3O4 -NPs were fabricated by using a wet chemical reduction and modified co-precipitation techniques. The antibacterial efficiency of the Ag/Fe3O4 core shell nanoparticles was investigated by applying various techniques, such as the Kirby–Bauer Disk Diffusion test, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and bactericidal concentration (MBC), Colony Forming Unit (CFU), and kill time assay. The toxicity mechanism of Ag@Fe3O4 -NPs against Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli was studied by apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assays. The data revealed that a cubic core was surrounded by a silver shell, which indicated the regular morphology of silver magnetite core shell nanoparticles without any aggregation. Furthermore, Ag@Fe3O4 -NPs is more toxic against S. typhimurium and E. coli than Ag-NPs and Fe3O4 NPs. The MIC values for Ag/Fe3O4 NPs against S. typhimurium and E. coli were 3.1 and 5.4 μg/ml, respectively, whereas the MIC values for Ag-NPs and MNPs against S. typhimurium and E. coli were 4.1 and 8.2 μg/ml for Ag-NPs and 6.9 and 10.3 μg/ml for MNPs. The results showed the ability of Ag@Fe3O4 -NPs to induce apoptosis by generating ROS. Also, the ability of Ag@Fe3O4 -NPs to liberate free Ag+ and generate ROS via the Haber-Weiss cycle may be a plausible mechanism to explain the toxicity of Ag@Fe3O4 -NPs - NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M. Sharaf
- Department of Bacteriology, Immunology, and Mycology, Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Shebin El Kom, Egypt
| | - Amr Hassan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), University of Sadat City, Sadat, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Amr Hassan,
| | - Fawziah A. AL-Salmi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fauzeya M. Albalwe
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Tabuk University, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Doaa B. Darwish
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Eman Fayad
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
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Liaqat I, Shaanzeh Z, Bibi A, Zafar U, Naseem S, Ali R, Andleeb S, Saleem G, Liaqat I, Afzaal M. In vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Biogenically Synthesized Nickel and Zinc Nanoparticles against Selected Pathogenic Bacterial Strains. J Oleo Sci 2022; 71:1181-1188. [PMID: 35922930 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess22068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial resistance to already present antibiotics demands for new approaches in field of medicine. Scientists prefer nanoparticles (NPs) due to their promising potential in many applications. Two bacterial strains, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis were used for biogenic synthesis of NPs. Characterization of prepared NPs was accomplished using UV-vis spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The prepared NPs were confirmed by the color change from pale yellow to having white deposition for Zn NPs while from dark green to light green for Ni NPs. UV-vis spectroscopy of E. coli and B. subtilis based ZnNPs showed highest peak at 354nm and 362nm, respectively. Likewise, E. coli and B. subtilis NiNPs showed peaks at 246 nm and 238 nm, respectively. Antibacterial activity of B. subtilis based ZnNPs showed significant (p ≤ 0.05) zone of inhibition (ZOI; 27.3±0.6) against B. subtilis and 26.66±0.67 against E. coli at 100 mg/mL. Antibacterial activity of E. coli based ZnNPs showed 8.3±0.3 ZOI against B. subtilis and 6.6±0.3 ZOI against E. coli while NiNPs showed (25.0±0.0 mm) (ZOI) against B. subtilis and (25.0 ± 0.3 mm) against E. coli. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of E. coli ZnNPs showed values of 6.7±0.3 μg/mL for E. coli and 4.7±0.3 μg/mL for B. subtilis. MIC of B. subtilis ZnNPs showed 5.3±0.3 μg/mL for E. coli and 6.6±0.3 μg/mL for B. subtilis while NiNPs showed 33.0±1.0 μg/mL against E. coli and 24.0±1.0 μg/mL against B. subtilis as effective inhibitory concentrations. Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of E. coli ZnNPs showed 7.3±0.3 μg/mL for E. coli and 8.3±0.3 μg/mL for B. subtilis. MBC of B. subtilis ZnNPs showed 7.6±0.3 μg/mL for E. coli and 8.6±0.3 μg/mL for B. subtilis while NiNPs showed 45.7±1.3 μg/mL against E. coli and 33.0±1.0 μg/mL against B. subtilis as effective inhibitory concentrations. It was concluded from the current study that biogenically synthesized ZnNPs and NiNPs are effective as promising antibacterial agents and have potential applications in biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iram Liaqat
- Microbiology Lab, Department of Zoology, Government College University
| | - Zubreen Shaanzeh
- Microbiology Lab, Department of Zoology, Government College University
| | - Asia Bibi
- Department of Zoology, The Women University
| | - Urooj Zafar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi
| | - Sajida Naseem
- Department of Zoology, University of Education, Lower Mall Campus
| | - Rabbia Ali
- Microbiology Lab, Department of Zoology, Government College University
| | - Saiqa Andleeb
- Department of Zoology, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir
| | - Gulbeena Saleem
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
| | - Irfana Liaqat
- Microbiology Lab, Department of Zoology, Government College University
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15
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Characterization and Evaluation of the Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, Anti-Inflammatory, and Cytotoxic Activities of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Brachychiton populneus Leaf Extract. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10081521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bionanotechnology is the combination of biotechnology and nanotechnology for the development of biosynthetic and environmentally friendly nanomaterial synthesis technology. The presented research work adopted a reliable and environmentally sustainable approach to manufacturing silver nanoparticles from Brachychiton populneus (BP-AgNPs) leaf extract in aqueous medium. The Brachychiton populneus-derived silver nanoparticles were characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). In addition, the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and cytotoxic activities of AgNPs were brought to light. The synthesis of BP-AgNPs was verified at 453 nm wavelength by UV–Vis spectrum. FTIR analysis revealed that synthesis, stability, and capping of AgNPs depend on functional groups such as alkane, alkene, nitro, flouro, phenol, alcoholic, and flavones, present in plant extract. The SEM analysis revealed evenly distributed cubical-shaped nanoparticles. The average diameter of AgNPs was 12 nm calculated from SEM image through ImageJ software. EDX spectrum confirmed the presence of Ag at 3 keV and other trace elements such as oxygen and chlorine. The biosynthesized silver nanoparticles exhibited proven antioxidant (DPPH assay), antidiabetic (alpha amylase assay), anti-inflammatory (albumin denaturation assay), and cytotoxic (MTT assay) potential against U87 and HEK293 cell lines in comparison to standard drugs. In these assays, BP-AgNPs exhibited inhibition in a concentration-dependent manner and had lower IC50 values compared to standards. All these outcomes suggest that silver nanoparticles work as a beneficial biological agent. The salient features of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles propose their effective applications in the biomedical domain in the future.
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Dutt Y, Pandey RP, Dutt M, Gupta A, Vibhuti A, Samuel Raj V, Chang CM, Priyadarshini A. Synthesis and Biological Characterization of Phyto-Fabricated Silver Nanoparticles from Azadirachta indica. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2022.3402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have garnered a lot of interest in sectors like medicine, cosmetics, food, and pharmaceuticals for antibacterial catalytic properties, reduced toxicity, and easy production. Biological synthesis of silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) is considered as green, eco-friendly,
and cost-effective approach; therefore, Azadirachta indica extracts were utilized for a dual role of fabrication and functionalization of AgNPs. Optical and physical characterizations were achieved for confirming the biosynthesized AgNPs. SEM images detected quasi-spherical AgNPs of
44.04 to 66.50 nm. Some of potent phytochemicals like flavonoids and proteins from Azadirachta indica formed a strong coating or capping on the AgNPs without affecting their secondary structure by interacting with Ag+ and NPs for the formation of AgNPs. AgNPs exhibited strong
antibacterial activity (MIC 10 μg/ml) against multidrug-resistant bacteria Enterococcus faecalis; at different concentrations, no IC50 values were recorded for AgNPs as well as Azadirachta indica signifying low cytotoxicity in the exposed concentration range. The DNA
degradation activity of AgNPs through the TUNEL assay revealed no significant increase in the overall FITC mean fluorescence intensity as well as a DNA fragmentation index with 5.45% DNA damage (10 μg/ml AgNPs). Drug uptake of AgNPs was also investigated through a permeability assay
via Caco-2 cell lines at test concentrations where apparent permeability was detected as moderate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Dutt
- Department of Microbiology, SRM University, 39, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Post Office P.S. Rai, Sonepat, Haryana 131029, India
| | - Ramendra Pati Pandey
- Department of Microbiology, SRM University, 39, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Post Office P.S. Rai, Sonepat, Haryana 131029, India
| | - Mamta Dutt
- Mamta Dental Clinic, Opposite Sector 29, Main Badkhal Road, Faridabad, Haryana 121002, India
| | - Archana Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM University, 39, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Post Office P.S. Rai, Sonepat, Haryana 131029, India
| | - Arpana Vibhuti
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM University, 39, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Post Office P.S. Rai, Sonepat, Haryana 131029, India
| | - V. Samuel Raj
- Department of Microbiology, SRM University, 39, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Post Office P.S. Rai, Sonepat, Haryana 131029, India
| | - Chung-Ming Chang
- Master & Ph.D. Program in Biotechnology Industry, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist. Taoyuan City, 33302, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Anjali Priyadarshini
- Department of Microbiology, SRM University, 39, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Post Office P.S. Rai, Sonepat, Haryana 131029, India
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17
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On Recent Developments in Biosynthesis and Application of Au and Ag Nanoparticles from Biological Systems. JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/5560244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are extensively studied nanoparticles (NPs) and are known to have profound applications in medicine. The researcher made continuous efforts for the environmental-friendly and economical methods, such as biogenic methods known as green synthesis. There are many strategies for separating and applying gold (Au) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles, of which biological routes have emerged as efficient, low-cost, and environmentally friendly techniques. This review focuses on recent developments of green synthesized AuNPs and AgNPs using biogenic sources such as algae, animals, plants, microbes, bacteria, fungi, and so on. Hence, it discusses their numerous biomedical applications and separating Au and Ag nanoparticles from plants, bacteria, fungi, and algae.
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18
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Wylie MR, Merrell DS. The Antimicrobial Potential of the Neem Tree Azadirachta indica. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:891535. [PMID: 35712721 PMCID: PMC9195866 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.891535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Azadirachta indica (A. Juss), also known as the neem tree, has been used for millennia as a traditional remedy for a multitude of human ailments. Also recognized around the world as a broad-spectrum pesticide and fertilizer, neem has applications in agriculture and beyond. Currently, the extensive antimicrobial activities of A. indica are being explored through research in the fields of dentistry, food safety, bacteriology, mycology, virology, and parasitology. Herein, some of the most recent studies that demonstrate the potential of neem as a previously untapped source of novel therapeutics are summarized as they relate to the aforementioned research topics. Additionally, the capacity of neem extracts and compounds to act against drug-resistant and biofilm-forming organisms, both of which represent large groups of pathogens for which there are limited treatment options, are highlighted. Updated information on the phytochemistry and safety of neem-derived products are discussed as well. Although there is a growing body of exciting evidence that supports the use of A. indica as an antimicrobial, additional studies are clearly needed to determine the specific mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, and in vivo safety of neem as a treatment for human pathogens of interest. Moreover, the various ongoing studies and the diverse properties of neem discussed herein may serve as a guide for the discovery of new antimicrobials that may exist in other herbal panaceas across the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina R Wylie
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - D Scott Merrell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
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19
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Subramaniam S, Kumarasamy S, Narayanan M, Ranganathan M, Rathinavel T, Chinnathambi A, Alahmadi TA, Karuppusamy I, Pugazhendhi A, Whangchai K. Spectral and structure characterization of Ferula assafoetida fabricated silver nanoparticles and evaluation of its cytotoxic, and photocatalytic competence. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:111987. [PMID: 34474035 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to develop an eco-friendly method for rapidly synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Asafoetida ethanol extracts and to validate AgNPs synthesis using UV-vis spectroscopy (absorption spectrum), FTIR (functional groups), XRD (crystallinity), FE-SEM (size of the particles) and SEM-EDAX (Purity). Furthermore, to evaluate the anti-proliferative effect of Ag NPs against grown cultured L6 cell lines, studies have shown that AgNPs biosynthesis inhibits cancer cell growth compared to control cell lines. UV-vis absorption verified the existence of Ag NPs, and the spectrum was observed at 480 nm. Functional groups are present in the synthesized Ag NPs were shifted on 528.48 cm-1 confirmed using an FT-IR spectrum. Consequently, anti-cancer efficacy observed the IC50 value of As Ag NPs against L6 cells was 1.0 μg/mL for 48 h. Finally, using a halogen lamp, studies explored the photocatalytic degradation of AgNPs against the methylene blue radioactive dye and achieved a 96 percent degradation rate in 90 min. Asafoetida mediated silver nanoparticles show grater photodegradation for methylene blue dye, which is present in textile industries, when exposed to solar light, and it has a wide range of potential applications in wastewater treatment. As a whole, biosynthesized silver nanoparticles showed excellent cytotoxic, antioxidant, and photocatalytic dye degradation effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saranyadevi Subramaniam
- PG and Research Centre in Biotechnology, MGR College, Adhiyamaan Educational Research Institute, Hosur, 635 130, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Suresh Kumarasamy
- PG and Research Centre in Biotechnology, MGR College, Adhiyamaan Educational Research Institute, Hosur, 635 130, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mathiyazhagan Narayanan
- PG and Research Centre in Biotechnology, MGR College, Adhiyamaan Educational Research Institute, Hosur, 635 130, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Muthusamy Ranganathan
- PG and Research Centre in Biotechnology, MGR College, Adhiyamaan Educational Research Institute, Hosur, 635 130, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thirumalaisamy Rathinavel
- Department of Biotechnology, Sona College of Arts and Science, Salem (Dt.), 636 005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arunachalam Chinnathambi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box -2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahani Awad Alahmadi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Medical City, PO Box-2925, Riyadh, 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Indira Karuppusamy
- Research Center for Strategic Materials, Corrosion Resistant Steel Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- School of Renewable Energy, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, 50290, Thailand; College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Kanda Whangchai
- Research Center in Bioresources for Agriculture, Industry and Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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Nagaraja SK, Kumar RS, Chakraborty B, Hiremath H, Almansour AI, Perumal K, Gunagambhire PV, Nayaka S. Biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Cucumis sativus var. hardwickii fruit extract and their characterizations, anticancer potential and apoptosis studies against Pa-1 (Human ovarian teratocarcinoma) cell line via flow cytometry. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-022-02386-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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21
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Chandrasekharan S, Chinnasamy G, Bhatnagar S. Sustainable phyto-fabrication of silver nanoparticles using Gmelina arborea exhibit antimicrobial and biofilm inhibition activity. Sci Rep 2022; 12:156. [PMID: 34997051 PMCID: PMC8742086 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04025-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Increase in bacterial resistance to commonly used antibiotics is a major public health concern generating interest in novel antibacterial treatments. Aim of this scientific endeavor was to find an alternative efficient antibacterial agent from non-conventional plant source for human health applications. We used an eco-friendly approach for phyto-fabrication of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by utilizing logging residue from timber trees Gmelina arborea (GA). GC-MS analysis of leaves, barks, flowers, fruits, and roots was conducted to determine the bioactive compounds. Biosynthesis, morphological and structural characterization of GA-AgNPs were undertaken by UV-Vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). GA-AgNPs were evaluated for antibacterial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, wound healing properties and their toxicity studies were carried out. Results identified the presence of terpenoids, sterols, aliphatic alcohols, aldehydes, and flavonoids in leaves, making leaf extract the ideal choice for phyto-fabrication of silver nanoparticles. The synthesis of GA-AgNPs was confirmed by dark brown colored colloidal solution and spectral absorption peak at 420 nm. Spherical, uniformly dispersed, crystalline GA-AgNPs were 34-40 nm in diameter and stable in solutions at room temperature. Functional groups attributed to the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenols that acted as reducing and capping agents. Antibacterial potency was confirmed against pathogenic bacteria Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus by disc diffusion assay, MIC and MBC assay, biofilm inhibition assay, electron-microscopy, cell staining and colony counting techniques. The results from zone of inhibition, number of ruptured cells and dead-cell-count analysis confirmed that GA-AgNPs were more effective than GA-extract and their bacteria inhibition activity level increased further when loaded on hydrogel as GA-AgNPs-PF127, making it a novel distinguishing feature. Antioxidant activity was confirmed by the free radical scavenging assays (DPPH and ABTS). Wound healing potential was confirmed by cell scratch assay in human dermal fibroblast cell lines. Cell-proliferation study in human chang liver cell lines and optical microscopic observations confirmed non-toxicity of GA-AgNPs at low doses. Our study concluded that biosynthesized GA-AgNPs had enhanced antibacterial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, and wound healing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smitha Chandrasekharan
- Plant Transformation and Tissue Culture, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117604, Singapore
| | - Gandhimathi Chinnasamy
- Plant Transformation and Tissue Culture, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117604, Singapore
| | - Somika Bhatnagar
- Plant Transformation and Tissue Culture, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117604, Singapore.
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22
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One-pot fabrication of Ag @Ag 2O core-shell nanostructures for biosafe antimicrobial and antibiofilm applications. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22543. [PMID: 34799620 PMCID: PMC8604985 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01687-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial contamination is one of the major dreadful problems that raises hospitalization, morbidity and mortality rates globally, which subsequently obstructs socio-economic progress. The continuous misuse and overutilization of antibiotics participate mainly in the emergence of microbial resistance. To circumvent such a multidrug-resistance phenomenon, well-defined nanocomposite structures have recently been employed. In the current study, a facile, novel and cost-effective approach was applied to synthesize Ag@Ag2O core-shell nanocomposites (NCs) via chemical method. Several techniques were used to determine the structural, morphological, and optical characteristics of the as-prepared NCs. XRD, Raman, FTIR, XPS and SAED analysis revealed a crystalline hybrid structure of Ag core and Ag2O shell. Besides, SEM and HRTEM micrographs depicted spherical nanoparticles with size range of 19-60 nm. Additionally, zeta potential and fluorescence spectra illustrated aggregated nature of Ag@Ag2O NCs by - 5.34 mV with fluorescence emission peak at 498 nm. Ag@Ag2O NCs exhibited higher antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and algicidal activity in dose-dependent behavior. Interestingly, a remarkable mycocidal potency by 50 μg of Ag@Ag2O NCs against Candida albican; implying promising activity against COVID-19 white fungal post-infections. Through assessing cytotoxicity, Ag@Ag2O NCs exhibited higher safety against Vero cells than bulk silver nitrate by more than 100-fold.
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Aabed K, Mohammed AE. Phytoproduct, Arabic Gum and Opophytum forsskalii Seeds for Bio-Fabrication of Silver Nanoparticles: Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Capabilities. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2573. [PMID: 34685014 PMCID: PMC8538938 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The application of biological materials in synthesizing nanoparticles has become significant issue in nanotechnology. This research was designed to assess biogenic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) fabricated using two aqueous extracts of Acacia arabica (Arabic Gum) (A-AgNPs) and Opophytum forsskalii (Samh) seed (O-AgNPs), which were used as reducing and capping agents in the NPs development, respectively. The current study is considered as the first report for AgNP preparation using Opophytum forsskalii extract. The dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were employed to analyze the size and morphology of the biogenic AgNPs. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques were used to identify the possible phyto-components of plant extracts. The phyto-fabricated NPs were assessed for their antibacterial activity and also when combined with some antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and their anticandidal ability against Candida albicans using an agar well diffusion test. Furthermore, cytotoxicity against LoVo cancer cell lines was studied. The results demonstrated the capability of the investigated plant extracts to change Ag+ ions into spherical AgNPs with average size diameters of 91 nm for the prepared O-AgNPs and 75 nm for A-AgNPs. The phyto-fabricated AgNPs presented substantial antimicrobial capabilities with a zone diameter in the range of 10-29.3 mm. Synergistic effects against all tested strains were observed when the antibiotic and phyto-fabricated AgNPs were combined and assessed. The IC50 of the fabricated O-AgNPs against LoVo cancer cell lines was 28.32 μg/mL. Ten and four chemical components were identified in Acacia arabica (Arabic Gum) and Opophytum forsskalii seed extracts, respectively, by GC-MS that are expected as NPs reducing and capping agents. Current results could lead to options for further research, such as investigating the internal mechanism of AgNPs in bacteria, Candida spp., and LoVo cancer cell lines as well as identifying specific molecules with a substantial impact as metal-reducing agents and biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawther Aabed
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 84428, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afrah E. Mohammed
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 84428, Saudi Arabia
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Biological Potential of Silver Nanoparticles Mediated by Leucophyllum frutescens and Russelia equisetiformis Extracts. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11082098. [PMID: 34443930 PMCID: PMC8401648 DOI: 10.3390/nano11082098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Awareness about environmental concerns is increasing, specially the pollution resulting from nanoparticles (NPs) production, which has led to great interest in the usage of biogenic agents for their fabrication. The current investigation used eco-friendly organic phytomolecules from Leucophyllum frutescens and Russelia equisetiformis leaves extract for the first time in the fabrication of silver NPs from silver ions and further an assessment of their biological activities was performed. The leaves extract from both plant sources were used as capping and reducing agents and added to AgNO3. The mixtures were observed for colour changes, and after a stable dark brown colour was obtained, the NPs were separated and further investigated using dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy technique was employed to determine the active organic ingredients in the plant extracts. The prepared NPs were tested against three cell lines (two cancer ones and one normal control) and the effects observed using TEM and confocal laser scanning microscopy (LSM). Antibacterial activity against two Gram positive and two Gram negative species was examined and the synergistic effect of the ampicillin-NPs conjugate was studied. Findings showed successful conversion of Ag ions into L-AgNPs and R-AgNPs achieved using L.frutescens and R. equisetiformis extracts, respectively. A mean size of 112.9 nm for L-AgNPs and 151.7 nm for R-AgNPs and negative zeta potentials were noted. TEM analysis showed spherical NPs and EDS indicated Ag at 3 keV. Reduction in cancer cell viability with low half-maximal inhibitory concentrations was noted for both tested NPs. Structural changes and apoptotic features in the treated cancer cell lines were noted by TEM and cell death was confirmed by LSM. Furthermore, higher antibacterial activity was noticed against Gram positive compared with Gram negative bacteria as well as high synergistic effect was noted for the Amp-NPs conjugate, specially against Gram positive bacteria. The current investigation has thus developed an eco-friendly NPs synthesis route by applying plant extracts to efficiently produce NPs endowed with potential cytotoxic and antibacterial capacity, which therefore could be recommended as new approaches to overcome human diseases with minimal environmental impact.
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Flieger J, Franus W, Panek R, Szymańska-Chargot M, Flieger W, Flieger M, Kołodziej P. Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Natural Extracts with Proven Antioxidant Activity. Molecules 2021; 26:4986. [PMID: 34443574 PMCID: PMC8398508 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural extracts are a rich source of biomolecules that are useful not only as antioxidant drugs or diet supplements but also as complex reagents for the biogenic synthesis of metallic nanoparticles. The natural product components can act as strong reducing and capping substrates guaranteeing the stability of formed NPs. The current work demonstrates the suitability of extracts of Camellia sinensis, Ilex paraguariensis, Salvia officinalis, Tilia cordata, Levisticum officinale, Aegopodium podagraria, Urtica dioica, Capsicum baccatum, Viscum album, and marine algae Porphyra Yezoensis for green synthesis of AgNPs. The antioxidant power of methanolic extracts was estimated at the beginning according to their free radical scavenging activity by the DPPH method and reducing power activity by CUPRAC and SNPAC (silver nanoparticle antioxidant capacity) assays. The results obtained by the CUPRAC and SNAPC methods exhibited excellent agreement (R2~0.9). The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), dynamic light scattering (DLS) particle size, and zeta potential. The UV-vis absorption spectra showed a peak at 423 nm confirming the presence of AgNPs. The shapes of extract-mediated AgNPs were mainly spherical, spheroid, rod-shaped, agglomerated crystalline structures. The NPs exhibited a high negative zeta potential value in the range from -49.8 mV to -56.1 mV, proving the existence of electrostatic stabilization. FTIR measurements indicated peaks corresponding to different functional groups such as carboxylic acids, alcohol, phenol, esters, ethers, aldehydes, alkanes, and proteins, which were involved in the synthesis and stabilization of AgNPs. Among the examined extracts, green tea showed the highest activity in all antioxidant tests and enabled the synthesis of the smallest nanoparticles, namely 62.51, 61.19, and 53.55 nm, depending on storage times of 30 min, 24 h, and 72 h, respectively. In turn, the Capsicum baccatum extract was distinguished by the lowest zeta potential, decreasing with storage time from -66.0 up to -88.6 mM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Flieger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Wojciech Franus
- Department of Geotechnics, Civil Engineering and Architecture Faculty, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 40, 20-618 Lublin, Poland; (W.F.); (R.P.)
| | - Rafał Panek
- Department of Geotechnics, Civil Engineering and Architecture Faculty, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 40, 20-618 Lublin, Poland; (W.F.); (R.P.)
| | | | - Wojciech Flieger
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Michał Flieger
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Przemysław Kołodziej
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
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Kaplan Ö, Gökşen Tosun N, Özgür A, Erden Tayhan S, Bilgin S, Türkekul İ, Gökce İ. Microwave-assisted green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using crude extracts of Boletus edulis and Coriolus versicolor: Characterization, anticancer, antimicrobial and wound healing activities. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Tortella G, Rubilar O, Fincheira P, Pieretti JC, Duran P, Lourenço IM, Seabra AB. Bactericidal and Virucidal Activities of Biogenic Metal-Based Nanoparticles: Advances and Perspectives. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:783. [PMID: 34203129 PMCID: PMC8300690 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10070783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Much progress has been achieved in the preparation and application of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) in the field of medicine, mainly for antibacterial and antiviral applications. In the war against bacteria and viruses, besides traditional antibiotics and antiviral drugs, metal-based nanoparticles, such as silver (AgNPs), copper (CuNPs), copper oxides (CuO-NPs), iron oxide (FeO-NPs), zinc oxide (ZnO-NPs), and titanium oxide (TiO2-NPs) have been used as potent antimicrobial agents. These nanoparticles can be synthesized by traditional methods, such as chemical and physical routes, or more recently by biogenic processes. A great variety of macro and microorganisms can be successfully used as reducing agents of metal salt precursors in the biogenic synthesis of metal-based NPs for antimicrobial activity. Depending on the nature of the biological agent, NPs with different sizes, aggregation states, morphology, surface coatings and charges can be obtained, leading to different antimicrobial effects. Considering the drug resistance to traditional therapies, the development of versatile nanomaterials with potent antimicrobial effects is under intensive investigation. In this sense, this review presents and discusses the recent progress in the preparation and application of metal-based nanoparticles biogenically synthesized for antibacterial and antivirus applications. The strength and limitations are critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Tortella
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente (CIBAMA), Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Av. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (O.R.); (P.F.)
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de La Frontera, Av. Francisco Salazar 01145, Casilla 54-D, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Olga Rubilar
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente (CIBAMA), Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Av. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (O.R.); (P.F.)
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de La Frontera, Av. Francisco Salazar 01145, Casilla 54-D, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Paola Fincheira
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente (CIBAMA), Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Av. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile; (O.R.); (P.F.)
| | - Joana C. Pieretti
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil; (J.C.P.); (I.M.L.); (A.B.S.)
| | - Paola Duran
- Biocontrol Research Laboratory, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile;
| | - Isabella M. Lourenço
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil; (J.C.P.); (I.M.L.); (A.B.S.)
| | - Amedea B. Seabra
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil; (J.C.P.); (I.M.L.); (A.B.S.)
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Ilahi I, Khuda F, Umar Khayam Sahibzada M, Alghamdi S, Ullah R, Zakiullah, Dablool AS, Alam M, Khan A, Ali Khan Khalil A. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using root extract of Duchesnea indica and assessment of its biological activities. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Aabed K, Mohammed AE. Synergistic and Antagonistic Effects of Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles in Combination With Antibiotics Against Some Pathogenic Microbes. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:652362. [PMID: 33959599 PMCID: PMC8093520 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.652362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The latest advances in green nanoparticle synthesis have preserved natural and non-renewable resources and decreased environmental pollution. The current study was designed to evaluate silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) fabricated using aqueous extracts of two medicinal plants, Anastatica hierochuntica L. (Kaff Maryam) and Artemisia absinthium. The phytochemicals were detected by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The effects of the AgNPs on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans as well as the cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 cells were examined. The synergistic and antagonistic effects of the biogenic AgNPs in combination with standard antibiotics against several microbes were also investigated. The ability of the plant extracts to transfer silver ions to AgNPs was measured via dynamic light scattering, zeta potential measurement, and transmission electron microscopy. The most sensitive microbes to AgNP treatment were examined via scanning electron microscopy to assess morphological changes. Biogenic AgNPs showed significant antibacterial effects against most of the tested microbes and significant cytotoxicity was noted. Polysaccharides, proteins and Phenolic compounds are likely involved in AgNP biosynthesis since hydroxyl groups and amides were detected via FTIR as well as GC-MS. This study confirmed that plant-based AgNP fabrication with AgNO3 as the Ag (I) delivering salt can be an economical and practical approach for large-scale production of particles with antimicrobial and cytotoxic potential. The synergistic effects of biogenic AgNPs in combination with some antibiotics support their potential as a safe therapeutic for bacterial infections because they are capped with organic biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawther Aabed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afrah E Mohammed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Liu X, Shan K, Shao X, Shi X, He Y, Liu Z, Jacob JA, Deng L. Nanotoxic Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Normal HEK-293 Cells in Comparison to Cancerous HeLa Cell Line. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:753-761. [PMID: 33568905 PMCID: PMC7868205 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s289008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Biomimetic approaches for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) had created a substantial impression among the research community that focuses on nano-bio interactions. In this study, an eco-friendly method using Rhizophora apiculata aqueous leaf extract as a reductant-rich hydrosol was followed to synthesize AgNPs and test its cytotoxicity. Methods To optimise the parameters for the synthesis of AgNPs, central composite design based on response surface methodology was used. The particles synthesized at a nano-scale were characterized in our previously published report. The present report further characterizes the nanoparticles by X-ray diffraction, SEM and TEM at varying sites and magnifications. The characterized AgNPs were tested for their cytotoxic effects on HEK-293 and HeLa cells. Results The cytotoxicity on the cell lines was dose-dependent. At a concentration of 2.5 μL/mL of the AgNPs-containing hydrosol, 100% inhibition of HEK-293 cells and 75% inhibition of the HeLa cells were observed. The IC50 value for AgNPs on HEK-293 was 0.622 µL/mL (12.135 ng), whereas, for HeLa cells, it was 1.98 µL/mL (38.629 ng). Conclusion The nanoparticles were three-fold toxic towards the HEK-293 cells in comparison to the HeLa cells. Therefore, the therapeutic index is low for R. apiculata derived AgNPs on HeLa cells when tested in comparison with the HEK-293 cells. The nanotoxicity profile of the synthesized AgNPs seems more prominent than the nanotherapeutic index. According to our knowledge, this is the first-ever report on the optimization of synthesis of AgNPs using response surface methodology and identifying the therapeutic index of mangrove leaf-derived AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongwei Liu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Medical College, Southeast University, Jiangyin, People's Republic of China
| | - Kuizhong Shan
- Department of Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Kunshan, Kunshan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaxia Shao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Medical College, Southeast University, Jiangyin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianqing Shi
- Department of Oncology, Liyang People's Hospital, Liyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun He
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine of Changshu City, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changshu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Medical College, Southeast University, Jiangyin, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Lichun Deng
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Medical College, Southeast University, Jiangyin, People's Republic of China
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Del Carmen Travieso Novelles M, Ortega AR, Pita BA, López MC, Pérez LD, Medina EA, Pérez OP. Biosynthesis of fluorescent silver nanoparticles from Leea coccinea leaves and their antibacterial potentialities against Xanthomonas phaseoli pv phaseoli. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2021; 8:3. [PMID: 38650222 PMCID: PMC10973752 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-020-00354-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of silver nanoparticles (SNP) from plants is a simple, fast and environmentally safe route. In the present study, the aqueous extract of fresh leaves from Leea coccinea L. was evaluated as a possible source of reducing and stabilizing agents to obtain SNP. The synthesized SNP were characterized by spectroscopic techniques such as UV-visible spectrophotometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron and confocal microscopies and the antimicrobial activity against Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. phaseoli was evaluated using agar diffusion methods. The results showed that the evaluated extract was promising for the green synthesis of the SNP, which was visually identified by the formation of a dark-brown complex and the presence of a peak of maximum absorption at 470 nm in a UV-VIS spectrum. FTIR spectrum of SNP showed main characteristic signals of aromatic compounds, carboxylic group among others confirmed by phytochemical screening that made evident the presence of flavonoids, phenols, leucoanthocyanidins, terpenes and steroids groups. Fluorescent SNP with high degree of agglomeration were observed by the microscopical technics used. A promising antibacterial activity of SNP was shown by a zone of microbial growth inhibition. These results suggested the need for going deeper in the physico-chemical characterization and kinetic studies, as well as the biological evaluations to make possible the use of this plant source in the future development of antibacterial formulations for bean seed protection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Annie Rubio Ortega
- Laboratory of Chemical-Ecology, National Center for Animal and Plant Health (CENSA), San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba
| | - Beatriz Alvarez Pita
- Laboratory of Chemical-Ecology, National Center for Animal and Plant Health (CENSA), San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba
| | - Mylene Corzo López
- Laboratory of Plant Bacteriology, National Center for Animal and Plant Health (CENSA), San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba
| | - Lianet Díaz Pérez
- Laboratory of Chemical-Ecology, National Center for Animal and Plant Health (CENSA), San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba
| | | | - Oriela Pino Pérez
- Laboratory of Chemical-Ecology, National Center for Animal and Plant Health (CENSA), San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba
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Gherasim O, Puiu RA, Bîrcă AC, Burdușel AC, Grumezescu AM. An Updated Review on Silver Nanoparticles in Biomedicine. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2318. [PMID: 33238486 PMCID: PMC7700255 DOI: 10.3390/nano10112318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) represent one of the most explored categories of nanomaterials for new and improved biomaterials and biotechnologies, with impressive use in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry, anti-infective therapy and wound care, food and the textile industry. Their extensive and versatile applicability relies on the genuine and easy-tunable properties of nanosilver, including remarkable physicochemical behavior, exceptional antimicrobial efficiency, anti-inflammatory action and antitumor activity. Besides commercially available and clinically safe AgNPs-based products, a substantial number of recent studies assessed the applicability of nanosilver as therapeutic agents in augmented and alternative strategies for cancer therapy, sensing and diagnosis platforms, restorative and regenerative biomaterials. Given the beneficial interactions of AgNPs with living structures and their nontoxic effects on healthy human cells, they represent an accurate candidate for various biomedical products. In the present review, the most important and recent applications of AgNPs in biomedical products and biomedicine are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Gherasim
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gheorghe Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (O.G.); (R.A.P.); (A.C.B.); (A.-C.B.)
- Lasers Department, National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Street, 077125 Magurele, Romania
| | - Rebecca Alexandra Puiu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gheorghe Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (O.G.); (R.A.P.); (A.C.B.); (A.-C.B.)
| | - Alexandra Cătălina Bîrcă
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gheorghe Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (O.G.); (R.A.P.); (A.C.B.); (A.-C.B.)
| | - Alexandra-Cristina Burdușel
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gheorghe Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (O.G.); (R.A.P.); (A.C.B.); (A.-C.B.)
| | - Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gheorghe Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (O.G.); (R.A.P.); (A.C.B.); (A.-C.B.)
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest—ICUB, University of Bucharest, 90-92 Panduri Road, 050657 Bucharest, Romania
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Vrancianu CO, Gheorghe I, Dobre EG, Barbu IC, Cristian RE, Popa M, Lee SH, Limban C, Vlad IM, Chifiriuc MC. Emerging Strategies to Combat β-Lactamase Producing ESKAPE Pathogens. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8527. [PMID: 33198306 PMCID: PMC7697847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming in 1929 as a therapeutic agent against staphylococci, β-lactam antibiotics (BLAs) remained the most successful antibiotic classes against the majority of bacterial strains, reaching a percentage of 65% of all medical prescriptions. Unfortunately, the emergence and diversification of β-lactamases pose indefinite health issues, limiting the clinical effectiveness of all current BLAs. One solution is to develop β-lactamase inhibitors (BLIs) capable of restoring the activity of β-lactam drugs. In this review, we will briefly present the older and new BLAs classes, their mechanisms of action, and an update of the BLIs capable of restoring the activity of β-lactam drugs against ESKAPE (Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp.) pathogens. Subsequently, we will discuss several promising alternative approaches such as bacteriophages, antimicrobial peptides, nanoparticles, CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) cas technology, or vaccination developed to limit antimicrobial resistance in this endless fight against Gram-negative pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corneliu Ovidiu Vrancianu
- Microbiology Immunology Department and The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.O.V.); (E.-G.D.); (I.C.B.); (M.P.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Irina Gheorghe
- Microbiology Immunology Department and The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.O.V.); (E.-G.D.); (I.C.B.); (M.P.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Elena-Georgiana Dobre
- Microbiology Immunology Department and The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.O.V.); (E.-G.D.); (I.C.B.); (M.P.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Ilda Czobor Barbu
- Microbiology Immunology Department and The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.O.V.); (E.-G.D.); (I.C.B.); (M.P.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Roxana Elena Cristian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 020956 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Marcela Popa
- Microbiology Immunology Department and The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.O.V.); (E.-G.D.); (I.C.B.); (M.P.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Sang Hee Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, 03674 Myongjiro, Yongin 449-728, Gyeonggido, Korea;
- National Leading Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, 116 Myongjiro, Yongin 17058, Gyeonggido, Korea
| | - Carmen Limban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Traian Vuia no.6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.L.); (I.M.V.)
| | - Ilinca Margareta Vlad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Traian Vuia no.6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.L.); (I.M.V.)
| | - Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc
- Microbiology Immunology Department and The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.O.V.); (E.-G.D.); (I.C.B.); (M.P.); (M.C.C.)
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
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Bio fabrication of silver nanoparticles with antibacterial and cytotoxic abilities using lichens. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16781. [PMID: 33033304 PMCID: PMC7544908 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73683-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, increase bacterial resistance to antimicrobial compounds issue constitutes a real threat to human health. One of the useful materials for bacterial control is Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Researchers tend to use biogenic agents to synthesize stable and safe AgNPs. The principal aim of this study was to investigate the ability of lichen in AgNPs formation and to find out their suppression ability to MDR bacteria as well as their cytotoxic activity. In the current study, lichens (Xanthoria parietina, Flavopunctelia flaventior) were collected from the south of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Lichens methanolic extracts were used for conversion of Ag ions to AgNPs. Prepared biogenic AgNPs were characterized by Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) Spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Zeta potential and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). Lichens Secondary metabolites were determined by Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). The antibacterial activity and synergistic effect of AgNPs were evaluated against pathogenic bacteria, including gram-positive; Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), and gram-negative; (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli) as well as the reference strains (ATCC) using the agar disk diffusion method. Cytotoxic effect of biogenic AgNPs was tested against HCT 116 (Human Colorectal Cancer cell), MDA-MB-231 (Breast cancer cell), and FaDu (Pharynx cancer cell) by MTT test. TEM imaging showed well-dispersed spherical particles of 1–40 nm size as well as zeta size showed 69–145 nm. Furthermore, FTIR and GC–MS identified various lichen chemical molecules. On the other hand, the highest antibacterial activity of AgNPs was noticed against P. aeruginosa, followed by MRSA, VRE, and E. coli. AgNPs influence on gram-negative bacteria was greater than that on gram-positive bacteria and their synergistic effect with some antibiotics was noted against examined microbes. Moreover, higher cytotoxicity for biogenic AgNPs against FaDu and HCT 116 cell line in relation to MDA-MB-231 was noted. Given the current findings, the biogenic AgNPs mediated by lichens had positive antibacterial, synergistic and cytotoxic powers. Therefore, they might be considered as a promising candidate to combat the multi-drug resistance organisms and some cancer cells.
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