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Finsterer J, Beltramim L, Almeida ACGD, Bombardi LM, Scorza FA. Daytime sleepiness: The science of pesticide-free food. Sleep Med 2023; 110:35. [PMID: 37531896 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Josef Finsterer
- Neurology and Neurophysiology Center, Postfach 20, 1180, Vienna, Austria
| | - Larissa Beltramim
- Ministério do Desenvolvimento Agrário e Agricultura Familiar (MDA), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio-Carlos G de Almeida
- Laboratório de Neurociência Experimental e Computacional, Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ), Brazil
| | - Larissa M Bombardi
- Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas. Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fulvio A Scorza
- Ministério do Desenvolvimento Agrário e Agricultura Familiar (MDA), São Paulo, Brazil; Disciplina de Neurociência. Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM/UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
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2
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Wallace DA, Gallagher JP, Peterson SR, Ndiaye-Gueye S, Fox K, Redline S, Johnson DA. Is exposure to chemical pollutants associated with sleep outcomes? A systematic review. Sleep Med Rev 2023; 70:101805. [PMID: 37392613 PMCID: PMC10528206 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2023.101805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Environmental exposures may influence sleep; however, the contributions of environmental chemical pollutants to sleep health have not been systematically investigated. We conducted a systematic review to identify, evaluate, summarize, and synthesize the existing evidence between chemical pollutants (air pollution, exposures related to the Gulf War and other conflicts, endocrine disruptors, metals, pesticides, solvents) and dimensions of sleep health (architecture, duration, quality, timing) and disorders (sleeping pill use, insomnia, sleep-disordered breathing)). Of the 204 included studies, results were mixed; however, the synthesized evidence suggested associations between particulate matter, exposures related to the Gulf War, dioxin and dioxin-like compounds, and pesticide exposure with worse sleep quality; exposures related to the Gulf War, aluminum, and mercury with insomnia and impaired sleep maintenance; and associations between tobacco smoke exposure with insomnia and sleep-disordered breathing, particularly in pediatric populations. Possible mechanisms relate to cholinergic signaling, neurotransmission, and inflammation. Chemical pollutants are likely key determinants of sleep health and disorders. Future studies should aim to evaluate environmental exposures on sleep across the lifespan, with a particular focus on developmental windows and biological mechanisms, as well as in historically marginalized or excluded populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle A Wallace
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Jayden Pace Gallagher
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shenita R Peterson
- Woodruff Health Sciences Center Library, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Seyni Ndiaye-Gueye
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kathleen Fox
- Woodruff Health Sciences Center Library, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dayna A Johnson
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Ziech CC, Rodrigues NR, Macedo GE, Gomes KK, Martins IK, Franco JL, Posser T. Pre-imaginal exposure to mancozeb induces morphological and behavioral deficits and oxidative damage in Drosophila melanogaster. Drug Chem Toxicol 2023; 46:575-587. [PMID: 35502483 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2069802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mancozeb (MZ), a manganese/zinc containing ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate, is a broad-spectrum fungicide. Chronic exposure to MZ has been related to several organisms' neurological, hormonal, and developmental disorders. However, little is known about the post-natal effects of developmental exposure to MZ. In this study, Drosophila melanogaster was subjected to a pre-imaginal (eggs-larvae-pupae stage) model of exposure to MZ at 0.1 and 0.5 mg/mL. The emergence rate, body size, locomotor performance, sleep patterns, and molecular and biochemical parameters were evaluated in post-emerged flies. Results demonstrate that pre-imaginal exposure to MZ significantly impacted early emerged flies. Additionally, reduced progeny viability, smaller body size and delaying in emergence period, locomotor impairment, and prolonged sleep time were observed. Content of glucose, proteins, and triglycerides were altered, and the bioenergetics efficiency and oxidative phosphorylation at complex I were inhibited. mRNA stade state levels of genes responsive to stress, metabolism, and regulation of circadian cycle (Nrf2, p38, Hsp83, Akt1, GPDH, tor, per, tim, dILP2, and dILP6) were augmented, pointing out to stimulation of antioxidant defenses, insulin-dependent signaling pathway activation, and disruption of sleep regulation. These data were followed by increased lipid peroxidation and lower glutathione levels. In addition, the activity of catalase and glutathione-S-transferase were induced, whereas superoxide dismutase was inhibited. Together, these results demonstrate that developmental exposure to MZ formulation led to phenotype and behavioral alterations in young flies, possibly related to disruption of energetic metabolism, oxidative stress, and deregulation of genes implied in growth, sleep, and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Camila Ziech
- Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biotechnology - CIPBIOTEC, Universidade Federal do Pampa, São Gabriel, Brazil
| | - Nathane Rosa Rodrigues
- Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biotechnology - CIPBIOTEC, Universidade Federal do Pampa, São Gabriel, Brazil.,Biochemistry Post-Graduation Program, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | - Giulianna Echeverria Macedo
- Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biotechnology - CIPBIOTEC, Universidade Federal do Pampa, São Gabriel, Brazil
| | - Karen Kich Gomes
- Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biotechnology - CIPBIOTEC, Universidade Federal do Pampa, São Gabriel, Brazil
| | - Illana Kemmerich Martins
- Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biotechnology - CIPBIOTEC, Universidade Federal do Pampa, São Gabriel, Brazil
| | - Jeferson Luis Franco
- Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biotechnology - CIPBIOTEC, Universidade Federal do Pampa, São Gabriel, Brazil.,Biochemistry Post-Graduation Program, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | - Thaís Posser
- Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biotechnology - CIPBIOTEC, Universidade Federal do Pampa, São Gabriel, Brazil
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Truax LE, Huang JJ, Jensen K, Locatelli EVT, Cabrera K, Peterson HO, Cohen NK, Mangwani-Mordani S, Jensen A, Goldhardt R, Galor A. Pyridostigmine Bromide Pills and Pesticides Exposure as Risk Factors for Eye Disease in Gulf War Veterans. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062407. [PMID: 36983407 PMCID: PMC10059791 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
To examine associations between the pyridostigmine bromide (PB) pill and/or pesticide exposure during the 1990-1991 Gulf War (GW) and eye findings years after deployment. A cross-sectional study of South Florida veterans who were deployed on active duty during the GW Era (GWE). Information on GW exposures and ocular surface symptoms were collected via standardized questionnaires and an ocular surface examination was performed. Participants underwent spectral domain-ocular coherence tomography (SD-OCT) imaging that included retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), and macular maps. We examined for differences in eye findings between individuals exposed versus not exposed to PB pills or pesticides during service. A total of 40.7% (n = 44) of individuals reported exposure to PB pills and 41.7% (n = 45) to pesticides; additionally, 24 reported exposure to both in the GW arena. Demographics were comparable across groups. Individuals exposed to PB pills reported higher dry eye (DE) symptoms scores (the 5-Item Dry Eye Questionnaire, DEQ-5: 9.3 ± 5.3 vs. 7.3 ± 4.7, p = 0.04) and more intense ocular pain (average over the last week: 2.4 ± 2.6 vs. 1.5 ± 1.8, p = 0.03; Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory modified for the Eye (NPSI-E): 18.2 ± 20.0 vs. 10.8 ± 13.8, p = 0.03) compared to their non-exposed counterparts. DE signs were comparable between the groups. Individuals exposed to PB pills also had thicker OCT measurements, with the largest difference in the outer temporal segment of the macula (268.5 ± 22.2 μm vs. 260.6 ± 14.5 μm, p = 0.03) compared to non-exposed individuals. These differences remained significant when examined in multivariable models that included demographics and deployment history. Individuals exposed to pesticides had higher neuropathic ocular pain scores (NPSI-E: 17.1 ± 21.1 vs. 11.6 ± 12.9, p = 0.049), but this difference did not remain significant in a multivariable model. Individuals exposed to PB pills during the GWE reported more severe ocular surface symptoms and had thicker OCT measures years after deployment compared to their non-exposed counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Truax
- Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Jaxon J Huang
- Surgical Services, Miami Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL 33125, USA
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Katherine Jensen
- Surgical Services, Miami Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL 33125, USA
| | - Elyana V T Locatelli
- Surgical Services, Miami Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL 33125, USA
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Kimberly Cabrera
- Surgical Services, Miami Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL 33125, USA
| | - Haley O Peterson
- Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Noah K Cohen
- Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | | | - Andrew Jensen
- Surgical Services, Miami Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL 33125, USA
| | - Raquel Goldhardt
- Surgical Services, Miami Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL 33125, USA
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Anat Galor
- Surgical Services, Miami Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, FL 33125, USA
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Zamora AN, Peterson KE, Téllez-Rojo MM, Song PXK, Meeker JD, Cantoral A, Goodrich JM, Dolinoy DC, Jansen EC. Urinary phthalates, phenols, and parabens in relation to sleep health markers among a cohort of Mexican adolescents. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 861:160651. [PMID: 36473659 PMCID: PMC9880990 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Emerging research has shed light on the potential impact of environmental toxicants on sleep health, however, it remains unclear if these associations exist during adolescence and whether associations differ by sex. This study aimed to examine associations between phthalates, parabens, and phenols on adolescent sleep health using cross-sectional data from 470 participants from the Early Life Exposures in Mexico to Environmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) study. MATERIAL AND METHODS In 2015, spot urine samples were analyzed for exposure biomarkers of 14 phthalate metabolites, seven phenol, and four paraben analytes. Over seven consecutive days, sleep duration, midpoint, and fragmentation were assessed with wrist-actigraphy. We examined associations between summary phthalates, individual phthalate metabolites, and phenol and paraben analytes with mean weekday sleep duration, midpoint, and fragmentation using linear regression models adjusted for specific-gravity and sex, age, pubertal status, smoking and alcohol behavior, physical activity, and screen time. RESULTS Mean (SD) age was 13.8 (2.1) years; 53.5 % were female. Σ Plastic - summary measure for toxicants from plastic sources - and Σ DEHP and its metabolites, were associated with longer sleep duration in the unstratified sample. To illustrate, every 1-unit log increase in Σ DEHP was associated with 7.7 min (95 % CI: 0.32, 15.1; p < 0.05) longer duration. Summary measures of toxicants from plastic sources, personal care products, anti-androgenic toxicants, and multiple individual phthalates, phenols, and parabens were associated with later midpoint. The midpoint associations were largely female-specific. There were no associations with sleep fragmentation. CONCLUSIONS Higher EDC exposure may be related to longer sleep duration and later sleep timing during adolescence, and associations may vary by toxicant and according to sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid N Zamora
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Karen E Peterson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Martha M Téllez-Rojo
- Center for Research on Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Peter X K Song
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John D Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Jaclyn M Goodrich
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Dana C Dolinoy
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Erica C Jansen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Neurology, Division of Sleep Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Zheng R, García-González J, Romero-del Rey R, López-Villén A, García-Alvarez R, Fadul-Calderon R, Requena-Mullor M, Alarcón-Rodríguez R. Occupational Exposure to Pesticides as a Risk Factor for Sleep Disorders. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3149. [PMID: 36833840 PMCID: PMC9964445 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Inadequate sleep has been linked to a variety of impairments in bodily functions, including endocrine, metabolic, higher cortical function, and neurological disorders. For this reason, the aim of this study was to analyze the link between occupational pesticide exposure and sleep health among farmers in Almeria. A cross-sectional study was conducted among a population living on the coast of Almeria (southeastern Spain), where about 33,321 hectares of land are used for intensive agriculture in plastic greenhouses. A total of 380 individuals participated in the study: 189 greenhouse workers and 191 control subjects. The participants were contacted during their annual scheduled occupational health survey. Data on sleep disturbances were collected using the Spanish version of the Oviedo Sleep Questionnaire. Agricultural workers were found to be at a significantly higher risk of insomnia, especially among those who did not wear protective gloves (OR = 3.12; 95% C.I. = 1.93-3.85; p = 0.04) or masks (OR = 2.43; 95% C.I. = 1.19-4.96; p = 0.01). The highest risk of insomnia related to pesticide applicators was observed in those who did not wear a mask (OR = 4.19; 95% C.I. = 1.30-13.50; p = 0.01) or goggles (OR = 4.61; 95% C.I. = 1.38-10.40; p = 0.01). This study supports previous findings indicating an increased risk of sleep disorder in agricultural workers exposed to pesticides at work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruirui Zheng
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy, and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Jessica García-González
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy, and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Raúl Romero-del Rey
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy, and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | | | - Rafael García-Alvarez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Human Sexuality Institute, Autonomous University of Santo Domingo, Santo Domingo 10103, Dominican Republic
| | - Rosario Fadul-Calderon
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Human Sexuality Institute, Autonomous University of Santo Domingo, Santo Domingo 10103, Dominican Republic
| | - Mar Requena-Mullor
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy, and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
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Ong-Artborirak P, Boonchieng W, Juntarawijit Y, Juntarawijit C. Potential Effects on Mental Health Status Associated with Occupational Exposure to Pesticides among Thai Farmers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:9654. [PMID: 35955007 PMCID: PMC9367823 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide-related mental health issues in Thailand, an upper-middle-income country, are not well known. This study aimed to investigate the association between the history of occupational exposure to pesticides and the mental health of Thai farmers. A cross-sectional study was carried out in the areas around Chiang Mai, a large city in Northern Thailand, between June 2020 and January 2021. A total of 6974 farmers from six districts were interviewed to determine whether they regularly experienced symptoms related to mental health by the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) as well as their lifetime history of agricultural pesticide exposure from 31 active ingredients and five functional categories: insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, rodenticides, and molluscicides. The cut-off of 6 was used to evaluate probable mental disorder. Most of the farmers under investigation were men (53.8%), with a mean age of 55.2 (11.7) years, and were involved mainly in the planting of rice, fruit, and vegetables. About 86.7% reported having used pesticides on their crops at some point in their lives-mostly glyphosate, paraquat, 2,4-D, methomyl, and carbofuran. All functional groups, as well as pesticide classes like organochlorines, organophosphates, and carbamates, were significantly associated with a higher risk of probable mental disorder based on exposure duration, frequency, personal protective equipment usage, and hygienic behavior. In a model with multiple pesticides, there was an association between mental disorder and exposure to endosulfan (AOR = 2.27, 95%CI = 1.26-4.08) and methyl parathion (AOR = 2.26, 95%CI = 1.26-4.06). Having previously reported pesticide poisoning symptoms was related to mental disorder (AOR = 7.97, 95%CI = 5.16-12.31), the findings provided evidence of pesticide exposure posing a risk to farmers' mental health, particularly long-term and high-intensity exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parichat Ong-Artborirak
- Faculty of Public Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Community Health Informatics, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Waraporn Boonchieng
- Faculty of Public Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Community Health Informatics, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | | | - Chudchawal Juntarawijit
- Faculty of Agriculture Natural Resources and Environment, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
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Aguera RG, Freires CDS, Oliveira LOD, Monteiro LR, Lini RS, Romoli JCZ, Freire BM, Nerilo SB, Machinski Junior M, Batista BL, Mossini SAG. Risk evaluation of occupational exposure of southern Brazilian flower farmers to pesticides potentially leading to cholinesterase inhibition and metals exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 93:103874. [PMID: 35537679 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This work presents a frequency matched observational study comparing flower farmers exposed to pesticides and unexposed individuals as controls. All subjects were interviewed before plasma and urine collection. Manganese and Zinc were measured in theses samples by using dynamic reaction cell inductively coupled mass spectrometry. Cholinesterase activity was analyzed through spectrophotometry by using a modified version of the Ellman method. Seventy-eight percent of subjects reported occupational contact with pesticides, from which 37% reported exposure for over 9 years. Flower farms farmers had increased odds of having headache and irritability, respectively, by factors of 6.2 and 2.4 than the control subjects. While the odds of exposed subjects to have insomnia was smaller than control subjects by a factor of 0.34. Exposure to pesticides had a significant effect regarding the plasmatic plasma and urinary manganese levels and whole blood cholinesterase activity (p < 0.05). High levels of plasma and urinary manganese, as well as cholinesterase inhibition in whole blood, were evident in the flower farmers who participated in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Gomes Aguera
- Program in Biosciences and Pathophysiology, State University of Maringa, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Camila da Silva Freires
- Graduate in Pharmacy, State University of Maringa, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Luís Otavio de Oliveira
- Graduate in Biomedicine, State University of Maringa, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Lucilena Rebelo Monteiro
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares, Av. Lineu Prestes, 2242, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Renata Sano Lini
- Program in Biosciences and Pathophysiology, State University of Maringa, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | | | - Bruna Moreira Freire
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, ABC Federal University (UFABC), Avenue dos Estados nº 5001, Santo Andre, SP 09210-580, Brazil.
| | | | - Miguel Machinski Junior
- Program in Health Science, State University of Maringa, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Lemos Batista
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, ABC Federal University (UFABC), Avenue dos Estados nº 5001, Santo Andre, SP 09210-580, Brazil.
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Zamora AN, Watkins DJ, Peterson KE, Téllez-Rojo MM, Hu H, Meeker JD, Cantoral A, Mercado-García A, Jansen EC. Prenatal maternal pesticide exposure in relation to sleep health of offspring during adolescence. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:111977. [PMID: 34469742 PMCID: PMC8639673 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES The neurobiological processes involved in establishing sleep regulation are vulnerable to environmental exposures as early as seven weeks of gestation. Studies have linked in utero pesticide exposure to childhood sleep-disordered breathing. However, the impact of in utero pesticide exposure on the sleep health of adolescents remains unexplored. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from 137 mother-adolescent pairs from a Mexico City cohort were analyzed. We used maternal urinary 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA, pyrethroid metabolite) and 3, 5, 6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy, chlorpyrifos metabolite) from trimester three to estimate in utero pesticide exposure. Among adolescents, we obtained repeated measures of objectively assessed sleep duration, midpoint, and fragmentation using wrist-actigraphy devices for 7 consecutive days in 2015 and 2017. Unstratified and sex-stratified associations between maternal urinary 3-PBA and TCPy and adolescent sleep measures were examined using generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs). We also examined the interactive effects of maternal pesticide exposure and offspring sex on sleep outcomes. RESULTS 3-PBA and TCPy were detected in 44.4% and 93% of urine samples, respectively. Adjusted findings demonstrated that higher exposure to maternal TCPy was associated with longer sleep duration and later sleep timing. Findings from interaction tests between maternal pesticide exposure and offspring sex were not statistically significant, although adjusted sex-stratified findings showed that the association between TCPy with duration and midpoint was evident only among female offspring. To illustrate, those in the highest tertile of exposure had a 59 minute (95% CI: 12.2, 104.8) (p, trend = 0.004) longer sleep duration and a 0.6 hour (95% CI: 0.01, 1.3) (p, trend = 0.01) later sleep midpoint. We found no significant associations between 3-PBA and sleep outcomes. CONCLUSION Within a cohort of mother-adolescent pairs, we found associations between maternal prenatal pesticide exposure and longer sleep duration and later sleep timing among adolescent offspring. Further, this association may be female-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid N Zamora
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Deborah J Watkins
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Karen E Peterson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Martha M Téllez-Rojo
- Center for Research on Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Howard Hu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John D Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Adriana Mercado-García
- Center for Research on Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Erica C Jansen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Neurology, Division of Sleep Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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10
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Fuhrimann S, van den Brenk I, Atuhaire A, Mubeezi R, Staudacher P, Huss A, Kromhout H. Recent pesticide exposure affects sleep: A cross-sectional study among smallholder farmers in Uganda. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 158:106878. [PMID: 34592653 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poorly educated smallholder farmers in low-income countries are highly exposed to pesticides. This can result in adverse mental health issues, of which sleep problems might be an underlying indicator. We aim to examine the association between sleep problems and pesticide exposure among smallholder farmers in Uganda. METHODS A cross-sectional survey with 253 smallholder farmers was conducted between October and December 2019. Sleep problems were assessed during the week before the visit using the Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale (MOS-SS). Exposure to pesticides was assessed as application days of any pesticide and as use of 2,4-D, glyphosate, mancozeb, organophosphates & carbamates, pyrethroids and other pesticides during the week and year prior to the visit. Associations were assessed using adjusted multivariable logistic regression models. RESULTS Increased odds ratio (OR) for the sleep problem index 6-items (OR [95% Confidence Interval] 1.99 [1.04; 3.84] and 3.21 [1.33; 7.82]), sleep inadequacy (1.94 [1.04; 3.66] and 2.49 [1.05-6.22]) and snoring (3.17 [1.12; 9.41] and 4.07 [1.04; 15.14]) were observed for farmers who respectively applied pesticides up to two days and three or more days in the past week compared to farmers who did not apply during the past week. Gender-stratified analyses showed a higher OR for female applicators (4.27 [1.76-11.16]) than for male applicators (1.82 [0.91-3.79]) for the association between the sleep problem index 6-items and pesticide use in the week before the visit. Increased ORs were also observed for the association between the sleep problem index 6-item and mancozeb exposure during the past year 2.28 [1.12-4.71] and past week 2.51 [0.86-7.55] and glyphosate exposure during the past week 3.75 [1.24-11.8] compared to non-applicators. DISCUSSION Our findings suggest an increased risk of sleep problems among smallholder farmers in a pesticide-exposure-dependent way in a low-income context. Further gender-stratified, longitudinal investigations are warranted to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Fuhrimann
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Iris van den Brenk
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Aggrey Atuhaire
- Uganda National Association of Community and Occupational Health (UNACOH), Kampala, Uganda
| | - Ruth Mubeezi
- Makerere University, School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Philipp Staudacher
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, CHN, Universitätsstrasse 16, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anke Huss
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Kromhout
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Zamora AN, Watkins DJ, Peterson KE, Jansen EC. Association between pesticide exposure and sleep health among a representative sample of US adults: evidence from NHANES 2009-2014. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:2199. [PMID: 34852798 PMCID: PMC8638511 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data suggest that pesticides interact with the melatonin receptor, which may influence sleep. However, the link between pesticides and sleep remains unexplored among the general adult population. This study evaluated unstratified and sex-stratified associations between urinary pesticide exposure (N = 4,478) and self-reported acute household pesticide exposure (N = 14,956), with sleep health outcomes within a nationally representative sample of US adults. METHODS Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 2009-2014 were combined for analysis of aim 1 and aim 2. Urinary pesticide metabolite concentrations served as biomarkers of pesticide exposure. Acute household pesticide exposure (if any chemical products were used in the home in the past seven days to control pests) was self-reported (yes/no). Insufficient sleep duration (< 7 h/night) and trouble sleeping (yes/no) were self-reported. Log-binomial regression models that accounted for complex survey weights and adjusted for confounders were used to compute prevalence ratios and 95% CI. RESULTS Log urinary 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) was related to a higher probability of insufficient sleep [1.09 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.20), p = 0.04] and trouble sleeping [1.14 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.27), p = 0.02] among males. Self-reported acute household pesticide exposure was associated with a higher probability of insufficient sleep duration [1.16 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.32), p = 0.03] and trouble sleeping [1.20 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.44), p = 0.04] in the unstratified sample. Sex-stratified findings showed that associations between acute household pesticide exposure and trouble sleeping only persisted among males [1.69 (95% CI: 1.27, 2.24), p < .001]. CONCLUSIONS In summary, acute pesticide exposure may be detrimental to adult sleep health, particularly among US males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid N Zamora
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Deborah J Watkins
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Karen E Peterson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Erica C Jansen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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de-Assis MP, Barcella RC, Padilha JC, Pohl HH, Krug SBF. Health problems in agricultural workers occupationally exposed to pesticides. Rev Bras Med Trab 2021; 18:352-363. [PMID: 33597986 PMCID: PMC7879472 DOI: 10.47626/1679-4435-2020-532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Agricultural workers are susceptible to several health problems as a result of occupational exposure to toxic substances, especially pesticides. The aim of this review was to describe the health issues associated with occupational exposure to pesticides in agricultural workers. A descriptive study, in the form of an integrative literature review, was conducted based on articles retrieved from the LILACS, SciELO and PubMed databases, published between January 2015 and October 2018. The searches were conducted using the keywords "pesticides," "workers' health," "occupational exposure" and "agricultural workers." The study was guided by the following research question: what health problems do agricultural workers experience as a result of occupational exposure to pesticides? The screening process led to the selection of 35 studies performed in several countries and continents, all of which shed light on the vulnerability of agricultural workers, especially due to the misuse of personal protective equipment and lack of knowledge about the correct use of these devices. The studies investigated a variety of health issues, and most reported a positive association between these conditions, which include cancer, and the use of pesticides. Educational and preventive measures must be implemented to promote the health of rural workers. Furthermore, it is crucial that governments play an active role in these initiatives and provide alternatives to pesticides for pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Portela de-Assis
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Promoção da Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Raquel Cristine Barcella
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Promoção da Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Janaína Chiogna Padilha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Promoção da Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Hildegard Hedwig Pohl
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Promoção da Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Suzane Beatriz Frantz Krug
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Promoção da Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil
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Glatfelter GC, Jones AJ, Rajnarayanan RV, Dubocovich ML. Pharmacological Actions of Carbamate Insecticides at Mammalian Melatonin Receptors. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2021; 376:306-321. [PMID: 33203660 PMCID: PMC7841424 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.000065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrated in silico chemical clustering and melatonin receptor molecular modeling combined with in vitro 2-[125I]-iodomelatonin competition binding were used to identify carbamate insecticides with affinity for human melatonin receptor 1 (hMT1) and human melatonin receptor 2 (hMT2). Saturation and kinetic binding studies with 2-[125I]-iodomelatonin revealed lead carbamates (carbaryl, fenobucarb, bendiocarb, carbofuran) to be orthosteric ligands with antagonist apparent efficacy at hMT1 and agonist apparent efficacy at hMT2 Furthermore, using quantitative receptor autoradiography in coronal brain slices from C3H/HeN mice, carbaryl, fenobucarb, and bendiocarb competed for 2-[125I]-iodomelatonin binding in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT), and pars tuberalis (PT) with affinities similar to those determined for the hMT1 receptor. Carbaryl (10 mg/kg i.p.) administered in vivo also competed ex vivo for 2-[125I]-iodomelatonin binding to the SCN, PVT, and PT, demonstrating the ability to reach brain melatonin receptors in C3H/HeN mice. Furthermore, the same dose of carbaryl given to C3H/HeN mice in constant dark for three consecutive days at subjective dusk (circadian time 10) phase-advanced circadian activity rhythms (mean = 0.91 hours) similar to melatonin (mean = 1.12 hours) when compared with vehicle (mean = 0.04 hours). Carbaryl-mediated phase shift of overt circadian activity rhythm onset is likely mediated via interactions with SCN melatonin receptors. Based on the pharmacological actions of carbaryl and other carbamate insecticides at melatonin receptors, exposure may modulate time-of-day information conveyed to the master biologic clock relevant to adverse health outcomes. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: In silico chemical clustering and molecular modeling in conjunction with in vitro bioassays identified several carbamate insecticides (i.e., carbaryl, carbofuran, fenobucarb, bendiocarb) as pharmacologically active orthosteric melatonin receptor 1 and 2 ligands. This work further demonstrated that carbaryl competes for melatonin receptor binding in the master biological clock (suprachiasmatic nucleus) and phase-advances overt circadian activity rhythms in C3H/HeN mice, supporting the relevance of circadian effects when interpreting toxicological findings related to carbamate insecticide exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant C Glatfelter
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (G.C.G., A.J.J., R.V.R., M.L.D.), Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program (A.J.J., M.L.D.), Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Anthony J Jones
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (G.C.G., A.J.J., R.V.R., M.L.D.), Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program (A.J.J., M.L.D.), Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Rajendram V Rajnarayanan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (G.C.G., A.J.J., R.V.R., M.L.D.), Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program (A.J.J., M.L.D.), Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Margarita L Dubocovich
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (G.C.G., A.J.J., R.V.R., M.L.D.), Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program (A.J.J., M.L.D.), Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
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Amoatey P, Al-Mayahi A, Omidvarborna H, Baawain MS, Sulaiman H. Occupational exposure to pesticides and associated health effects among greenhouse farm workers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:22251-22270. [PMID: 32333353 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08754-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The number and production capacities of greenhouse farms have been increased across the globe, driven by an effort for addressing food security problems related to the rapid population growth and the effects of climate change. As a result, there was a large increase in the number of greenhouse farm workers who are typically involved in chemical preparations and pesticide sprayings, crop harvesting, and greenhouse maintenance activities. Considering the enclosed architecture of the greenhouse farm design and the frequent application of pesticides, the objective of this review was to characterize pesticide exposure levels and resultant health effects among greenhouse farm workers. While most health assessment studies were mainly based on self-reported symptoms, this review showed limited epidemiological and clinical studies on the assessment of the health effects of pesticide exposure on greenhouse workers' health. Reproductive disorders, respiratory symptoms, neurological symptoms, and skin irritations were the most reported health effects among greenhouse farm workers. Additionally, there were limited studies on respirable pesticide-borne fine and ultrafine particulate matters in greenhouse farms. Ventilation systems and indoor environmental conditions of greenhouse farms were not designed according to specifications of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). Among recommendations provided, long-term exposure assessments of pesticide effects on children born by greenhouse farm workers should be considered in future research. Also, compliance with ASHRAE indoor ventilation and environmental standards will be very important in reducing pesticide exposure and health effects among greenhouse farm workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Amoatey
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 33, Al-Khoudh, P.C., 123, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Mayahi
- Department of Soils, Water and Agricultural Engineering, College of Agriculture, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 34, Al-Khoudh, P.C., 123, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Hamid Omidvarborna
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 33, Al-Khoudh, P.C., 123, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Mahad Said Baawain
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 33, Al-Khoudh, P.C., 123, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.
| | - Hameed Sulaiman
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, Al-Khoudh, P.C., 123, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
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Saillenfait AM, Malard S. Human Risk Associated with Long-Term Exposure to Pyrethroid Insecticides. THE HANDBOOK OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/698_2019_427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Comparison of Self-Rated Health among Characteristic Groups of Vegetable Greenhouse Farmers Based on Exposure to Pesticide Residuals: A Latent Profile Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:2518763. [PMID: 31080814 PMCID: PMC6475569 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2518763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Objective The current study was aimed at using a latent profile analysis (LPA) model to classify greenhouse farmers into a potential cluster according to their exposure to pesticide residuals. Further, the association between self-rated health (SRH) and the cluster exposed to pesticide residual was explored. Methods Four hundred sixty-four farmers from vegetable greenhouses were selected, their SRH information was gathered through questionnaires from the “Self-Rated Health Measurement Scale (SRHMS)” Version 1.0, and the corresponding pesticide residuals were detected in a laboratory. The linear mixed regression model was employed for association assessment. Results Two latent clusters were extracted as samples, and the results showed that a high amount of pesticide residual accounted for poor physical health, but did not show statistical significance. In addition, an inverse significant association was observed between psychosocial symptoms and negative emotion and pesticide residual level. Furthermore, a diversity of significant relationship was observed in social health and its corresponding dimensions with latent cluster. Conclusions LPA offers a holistic and parsimonious method to identify high-risk health clusters of greenhouse workers in various health aspects and allows for a personality-targeted intervention by a local health department.
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Li J, Hao Y, Tian D, He S, Sun X, Yang H. Relationship between cumulative exposure to pesticides and sleep disorders among greenhouse vegetable farmers. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:373. [PMID: 30943937 PMCID: PMC6448255 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6712-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the northern region of China, many greenhouse vegetable farmers are exposed to high cumulative levels of pesticides due to long-term work in greenhouses that impacts their health. The aim of the current study was to identify the relationship between cumulative pesticide exposure and sleep disorders among farmers in Yinchuan, Northwest China. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted for 3 consecutive years in 2015, 2016 and 2017. Using a random sampling to select the resident teams, 1366 participants were enrolled, and information was collected via face-to-face interviews by trained investigators. Ordinal logistic, multinomial logistic and poisson logistic regression models were used to identify the associations between cumulative exposure intensity (CEI) and sleep disorders. Results High CEI (OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.02–3.38) was associated with short sleep duration when compared with low CEI in the Full Model. CEI was not associated with long sleep duration. Self-rated sleep quality was associated with medium (OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.10–2.00) and high (OR = 2.50, 95% CI: 1.83–3.40) CEI. Similarly, having difficulty sleeping was associated with medium (OR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.02–2.24) and high (OR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.16–2.62) CEI. Differences in the associations by gender were also noted. Conclusion CEI was associated with sleep disorders, and gender differences were observed. Efforts should be made by local governments to address sleep problems that result from cumulative pesticide exposure in farmers, and gender differences should be considered. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-019-6712-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangping Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Yanxing Hao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Danian Tian
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Shulan He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Xian Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Huifang Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
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