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Sher C, Wu C. Race, immigrant status, and inequality in physical activity: An intersectional and life course approach. CANADIAN REVIEW OF SOCIOLOGY = REVUE CANADIENNE DE SOCIOLOGIE 2023; 60:763-800. [PMID: 37615391 DOI: 10.1111/cars.12451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity improves health and well-being, but not everyone can be equally active. Previous research has suggested that racial minorities are less active than their white counterparts and immigrants are less active than their native-born counterparts. In this article, we adopt an intersectional and life course approach to consider how race and immigrant status may intersect to affect physical activity across the life span. This new approach also allows us to test the long-standing habitual versus structural debate in physical activity. Analysing data from two recent cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS, 2015-2016 & 2017-2018), we find that physical activity is only lower among immigrants who are also racial minorities and that the gap is most significant during adulthood, but rather insignificant during adolescence and late life. The findings that inequality in physical activity is more apparent among the most disadvantaged racialised immigrants and among working-age adults when structural influences are greater suggest that inequality in physical activity is rooted in structural inequalities, rather than habitual differences. Finally, we demonstrate that the widely observed 'healthy (racialised) immigrant effect' can be underestimated if inequality in physical activity is not considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Sher
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cary Wu
- Department of Sociology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Gonzalez CJ, LeCroy MN, Daviglus ML, Van Horn L, Gallo LC, Gonzalez F, Perreira KM, Llabre MM, Shapiro MF, Isasi CR. Cultural and neighborhood characteristics associated with activity-specific parenting practices in Hispanic/Latino youth: a secondary analysis of the Hispanic Community Children's health study/study of Latino youth. J Behav Med 2023; 46:732-744. [PMID: 36732448 PMCID: PMC10558378 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-023-00395-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Hispanic/Latino youth are less physically active than non-Hispanic/Latino youth. We assessed whether activity-specific parenting practices relate to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior among Hispanic/Latino youth, and whether cultural (acculturation) and neighborhood characteristics (perceived barriers to activity) relate to the use of parenting practice patterns. Using the Hispanic Community Children's Health Study/Study of Latino Youth (SOL Youth, n = 976 8-16-year-olds), we modeled linear regression associations between parenting practices and mean daily MVPA and sedentary behavior. Parenting practice patterns were then developed using k-means cluster analysis, and regressed on parental acculturation and neighborhood characteristics. Discipline predicted higher MVPA in females (β 1.89 [95% CI 0.11-3.67]), while Monitoring/Reinforcement predicted higher MVPA in males (β 4.71 [95% CI 0.68-8.74]). Three patterns were then identified: Negative Reinforcement (high Limit Setting and Discipline use), Positive Reinforcement (high Limit Setting and Monitoring/Reinforcement use), and Permissive Parenting (low parenting practice use). Higher acculturation predicted use of Positive Reinforcement. Activity-specific parenting practices are associated with activity in sex-specific ways among Hispanic/Latino youth, and cultural factors predict the use of parenting practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Gonzalez
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 420 E 70Th St., LH-300, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Madison N LeCroy
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1819 W. Polk Street, Suite 246 (M/C 764), Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Linda Van Horn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 580 North Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Linda C Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Franklyn Gonzalez
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 123 W. Franklin St., CB# 8030, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA
| | - Krista M Perreira
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 333 South Columbia Street, CB #7240, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Maria M Llabre
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, P.O. Box 248185, Coral Gables, FL, 33124, USA
| | - Martin F Shapiro
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 420 E 70Th St., LH-300, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Carmen R Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
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Sheng J, Abshire DA, Heiney SP, Wu HS, Wirth MD. Sociodemographic, health-related, and acculturation determinants of physical activity participation among Asian American women. Prev Med Rep 2023; 33:102193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
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Basu T, Sehar U, Selman A, Reddy AP, Reddy PH. Support Provided by Caregivers for Community-Dwelling Obesity Individuals: Focus on Elderly and Hispanics. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1442. [PMID: 37239728 PMCID: PMC10218002 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11101442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic disease marked by the buildup of extra adipose tissue and a higher chance of developing concomitant illnesses such as heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, and some malignancies. Over the past few decades, there has been a global increase in the prevalence of obesity, which now affects around one-third of the world's population. According to recent studies, a variety of factors, including genetics and biology as well as environmental, physiological, and psychosocial factors, may have a role in the development of obesity. The prevalence of obesity is often higher among Hispanic American groups than among White people in the U.S. Obesity is a widespread condition with a high risk of morbidity and death, and it is well-recognized that the prevalence of comorbidities rises with rising levels of obesity or body mass index. To combat the rising prevalence of obesity in the USA, especially among Hispanics, one of the fastest-growing racial/ethnic groups in the country, there is an urgent need for obesity therapies. The exact cause of this disparity is unclear, but some responsible factors are a lack of education, high unemployment rates, high levels of food insecurity, an unhealthy diet, inadequate access to physical activity resources, a lack of health insurance, and constricted access to culturally adequate healthcare. Additionally, managing obesity and giving needed/timely support to obese people is a difficult responsibility for medical professionals and their loved ones. The need for caregivers is increasing with the increased number of individuals with obesity, particularly Hispanics. Our article summarizes the status of obesity, focusing on Hispanic populations, and we also highlight specific factors that contribute to obesity, including genetics, epigenetics, biological, physiological, and psychosocial factors, medication and disease, environment, and socio-demographics. This article also reviews caregiver duties and challenges associated with caring for people with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanisha Basu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; (T.B.)
| | - Ujala Sehar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; (T.B.)
| | - Ashley Selman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; (T.B.)
| | - Arubala P. Reddy
- Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - P. Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; (T.B.)
- Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Department of Public Health, School of Population and Public Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Neurology, Departments of School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
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Zhu X, Liu J, Sevoyan M, Pate RR. Acculturation and leisure-time physical activity among Asian American adults in the United States. ETHNICITY & HEALTH 2022; 27:1900-1914. [PMID: 34538159 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2021.1979193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACTObjectives: To examine the association between acculturation and leisure-time physical activity among Asian Americans.Design: Data came from the 2011-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, restricting to non-Hispanic Asian adults aged 20 years and older (n = 1989). Acculturation was assessed by language preference at home, birth locations, and length of residency in the United States (US). Self-reported physical activity was used to estimate leisure-time moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in MET-minutes/week and meeting the World Health Organization's physical activity guidelines. Multiple linear and logistic regression models were used to model MVPA as continuous and categorical variables, respectively.Results: A quarter of Asian Americans spoke only English and 47.8% spoke only non-English at home; 13.0% were born in the US. Asians who spoke only English (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR]:1.5) and Asians who spoke both English and non-English at home (aPR: 1.4) had greater proportions of meeting physical activity guidelines compared to those who spoke only non-English at home. The US-born Asians had higher a proportion of meeting the physical activity guidelines (aPR:1.4) and performed 547.6 more MET-minutes of MVPA each week than foreign-born Asians; they also had a higher proportion of meeting the physical activity guidelines than foreign-born Asians who stayed in US for ≤10 years (aPR:1.5). Length of time staying in the US was associated with a higher proportion of meeting physical activity guidelines. Among foreign-born Asian Americans, higher acculturation measures were also positively associated with meeting physical activity guidelines.Conclusions: Acculturation was positively associated with physical activity levels among Asian Americans. More acculturated Asian Americans such as those who spoke more English at home and US-born Asians, performed more MVPA than less acculturated Asian Americans. Interventions are needed to promote physical activity among non-English speaking Asian immigrants and recent immigrants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanxuan Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Maria Sevoyan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Russell R Pate
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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Al Rifai M, Kianoush S, Jain V, Joshi PH, Cainzos-Achirica M, Nasir K, Merchant AT, Dodani S, Wong SS, Samad Z, Mehta A, Chunara R, Kalra A, Virani SS. Association of U.S. birth, duration of residence in the U.S., and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk factors among Asian adults. Prev Med Rep 2022; 29:101916. [PMID: 35898194 PMCID: PMC9309422 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Prior studies have shown a direct association between U.S. birth and duration of residence with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) though, few have specifically focused on Asian Americans. Methods We utilized cross-sectional data from the 2006 to 2015 National Health Interview Survey. We compared prevalent cardiovascular risk factors and ASCVD among Asian American individuals by U.S. birth and duration of time spent in the U.S. Results The study sample consisted of 18,150 Asian individuals of whom 20.5 % were Asian Indian, 20.5 % were Chinese, 23.4 % were Filipino, and 35.6 % were of other Asian ethnic groups. The mean (standard error) age was 43.8 (0.21) years and 53 % were women. In multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models, U.S. birth was associated with a higher prevalence odds ratio (95 % confidence interval) of current smoking 1.31 (1.07,1.60), physical inactivity 0.62 (0.54,0.72), obesity 2.26 (1.91,2.69), hypertension 1.33 (1.12,1.58), and CAD 1.96 (1.24,3.11), but lower prevalence of stroke 0.28 (0.11,0.71). Spending greater than 15 years in the U.S. was associated with a higher prevalence of current smoking 1.65 (1.24,2.21), obesity 2.33 (1.57,3.47), diabetes 2.68 (1.17,6.15), and hyperlipidemia 1.72 (1.09,2.71). Conclusion Heterogeneity exists in cardiovascular risk factor burden among Asian Americans according to Asian ethnicity, U.S. birth, and duration of time living in the U.S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Al Rifai
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sina Kianoush
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Vardhmaan Jain
- Department of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Parag H. Joshi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Miguel Cainzos-Achirica
- Division of Cardiovascular Prevention and Wellness, Department of Cardiology, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Khurram Nasir
- Division of Cardiovascular Prevention and Wellness, Department of Cardiology, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Anwar T. Merchant
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Sunita Dodani
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School (EVMS), Norfolk, VA, United States
- EVMS-Sentara Healthcare Analytics and Delivery Science Institute, Norfolk, VA, United States
| | - Sally S. Wong
- Office of Science, Medicine and Health, The American Heart Association, Dallas, TX, United States
| | | | - Anurag Mehta
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Rumi Chunara
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Global Public Health, New York University & Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ankur Kalra
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular, & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Salim S. Virani
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Section of Cardiology, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Health Policy, Quality & Informatics Program, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center Health Services Research & Development Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness, and Safety, Houston, TX, United States
- Section of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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Rees-Punia E, Kirkland EG, Rittase MH, Torres CX, Chantaprasopsuk S, Masters M, Patel AV. Racial, Ethnic, and Nativity Disparities in Physical Activity and Sedentary Time among Cancer Prevention Study-3 Participants. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022; 54:1139-1146. [PMID: 35704439 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Understanding racial/ethnic and nativity disparities in physical activity (PA) is important, as certain subgroups bear a disproportionate burden of physical inactivity-related diseases. This descriptive study compared mean leisure-time moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (LTMVPA) by race/ethnicity and nativity. METHODS The Cancer Prevention Study-3 (78.1% women; age, 47.9 ± 9.7 yr) includes 4722 (1.9%) Asian/Pacific Islander; 1232 (0.5%) Black/Indigenous (non-White) Latino; 16,041 (6.5%) White Latino; 9295 (3.8%) non-Latino Black; 2623 (1.1%) Indigenous American; and 210,504 (85.7%) non-Latino White participants across the United States and Puerto Rico. Participants completed validated LTMVPA and 24-h time use surveys at enrollment (2006-2013). Differences in LTMVPA across race/ethnicity and nativity were examined by ANCOVA with paired Tukey tests adjusting for age and sex. The proportion of time spent sitting, sleeping, and on PA by race/ethnicity was also compared. RESULTS There were significant differences in LTMVPA by race/ethnicity (race main effect, P < 0.001; nativity, P = 0.072; interaction, P < 0.001). Pairwise comparisons showed that White participants born abroad were the most active (23.8 MET-h·wk-1) and non-White Latino participants born abroad were the least active (17.9 MET-h·wk-1). Among Latinos, participants born in Puerto Rico were 6.6-7.3 MET-h·wk-1 less active than participants born in Mexico, the United States/Canada, or other countries. There were variations in time use by race/ethnicity, with the largest difference in time spent sitting while watching TV. Black participants spent 14.8% of the day (~3.5 h) sitting watching TV, which was 78 min longer than Asian/Pacific Islander participants. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that there are differences in LTMVPA accumulation by race, ethnicity, and nativity. Results can be used to identify demographic groups that may benefit from culturally tailored PA interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Rees-Punia
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Kennesaw, GA
| | | | - Melissa H Rittase
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Kennesaw, GA
| | - Carlos X Torres
- Department of Kinesiology, Recinto Universitario de Mayagüez, Mayagüez, PUERTO RICO
| | | | - Matthew Masters
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Kennesaw, GA
| | - Alpa V Patel
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Kennesaw, GA
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Checa JC, Arjona Á, Monserrat M, Salguero D. Leisure Behavior of Young Immigrants in Andalusia (Spain): The Process of Acculturation through Physical Activities and Sport. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:580. [PMID: 35010840 PMCID: PMC8744795 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to understand the role that physical activity and sport plays during leisure time (LTPAS) in the social integration of young immigrants (Africans, Latin-Americans, and Eastern Europeans) in Andalusia, Spain. Method: With this aim, Physical Activity and Sport Acculturation Index (PASAI) data were collected through a survey of the immigrant population aged 15-20. The final sample consists of 440 surveys. The average age was 17.6 (SD = 2.9). 48.4% of them were men, 72% were single, and 72.8% had secondary-level studies. In terms of generation, the second-generation population represented 25.8% of the total, the 1.5 generation 43.5%, and the first generation 30.7%. The questionnaire was voluntarily answered by immigrant students in classrooms and was completed in the second stage via random surveys of residential areas to cover the quota of age and origin. A regression analysis was applied in two phases, generating two models. The first included independent socio-demographic variables; the second included structural variables. Results: First, the results show that immigrants have a low participation rate in physical activity and sport during their leisure time. Second, generation and origin are the main variables that predict variation in physical and sport participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Checa
- Department of Geography, History and Humanities, Faculty of Humanities, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain;
| | - Ángeles Arjona
- Department of Geography, History and Humanities, Faculty of Humanities, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain;
| | - Montserrat Monserrat
- Social and Cultural Anthropology Laboratory, Faculty of Humanities, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain;
| | - Darío Salguero
- Department of Education, Faculty of Education, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain;
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Zeng L, Perry L, Xu X. Self-care behaviours and related cultural factors among Chinese immigrants with cardiovascular disease in western countries: an integrative review. J Clin Nurs 2021; 32:1599-1614. [PMID: 34761466 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES This review aimed to demonstrate the self-care behaviours of first-generation Chinese immigrants with cardiovascular disease in western countries and identify related cultural factors. BACKGROUND Self-care is the cornerstone to mitigate disease symptoms and maintain health status. Chinese immigrants to western countries, operating within a cross-cultural context, may find self-care to manage their cardiovascular disease challenging. DESIGN An integrative review was conducted. METHODS Seven databases were searched Scopus, ProQuest Health & Medicine, Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), AMED (Ovid), PsycINFO and CINAHL, with output limited to peer-reviewed studies published from 2000 to 2020 in English or Chinese. Initially, 2037 papers were screened. Six papers were retained and critiqued using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. Deductive and inductive approaches were utilised to analyse the findings. The PRISMA 2020 checklist informed review reportage. RESULT In general, Chinese immigrants with cardiovascular disease took an active role in management of their cardiovascular disease, including through diet and activity adaptation and adherence to western medication. Families also played a significant role in disease decision-making and management. However, language and cultural barriers impeded their access to health information and resources in host countries. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Understanding self-care behaviours and associated cultural factors among Chinese immigrants with cardiovascular disease is important to improve nurses' culturally sensitive practices and provide tailored health education interventions to promote self-care behaviours among immigrant populations. The scarcity of literature on self-care behaviours among Chinese first-generation immigrants with cardiovascular disease indicates the need for further research in this area. Development of culturally and linguistically sensitive health resources and education programs is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zeng
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lin Perry
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Xiaoyue Xu
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
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Shah NS, Siddique J, Huffman MD, Kanaya AM, Kandula NR. Cardiovascular health and subclinical atherosclerosis in second generation South Asian Americans: The MASALA study. Indian Heart J 2021; 73:629-632. [PMID: 34627581 PMCID: PMC8514401 DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2021.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe cardiovascular health (CVH) in second-generation (U.S.-born) South Asian Americans in the MASALA study, a population for whom CVH is not previously described. CVH factors in second-generation (N = 21) compared with first-generation (N = 495) South Asian Americans included: total cholesterol (199 ± 31 versus 191 ± 35 mg/dL, p = 0.25), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (121 ± 27 versus 115 ± 30 mg/dL, p = 0.41), triglycerides (163 ± 197 versus 138 ± 72 mg/dL, p = 0.10), diet score (66 ± 8 versus 70 ± 6 points, p = 0.06), BMI (27.6 ± 4.9 versus 26.2 ± 4.1 kg/m2, p = 0.12), and CAC prevalence (26.3% versus 23.9%, p = 0.34). Age- and sex-adjusted differences were not statistically significant. Further investigation of CVH in this risk-enhanced population may help identify differences between second-generation and first-generation immigrant South Asians in the U.S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilay S Shah
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Juned Siddique
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mark D Huffman
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Alka M Kanaya
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Namratha R Kandula
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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Nwankwo EM, Wallace SP. Duration of United States Residence and Self-Reported Health Among African-Born Immigrant Adults. J Immigr Minor Health 2021; 23:773-783. [PMID: 32845410 PMCID: PMC8074510 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-020-01073-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Although researchers have found an inverse relationship between length of U.S. residence and health, research on this issue among African-born immigrants is limited. Data from the 2011-2015 National Health Interview Surveys were pooled for African-born immigrants (N = 1137) and used to estimate weighted ordinary least squares regression models on self-reported health, adjusting for common immigrant health predictors. Length of U.S. residence was associated with significant health status declines only among those that had lived in the U.S. for 10 to less than 15 years (b = - 0.235, p < 0.05), net of covariates. African-born immigrants may have both different selection processes than other immigrants and not follow common integration patterns. These findings suggest that existing immigrant health frameworks may need modification to fully apply to this growing U.S. immigrant population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezinne M Nwankwo
- Department of Community Health Sciences, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, 650 Charles E Young Dr. S., Box 951772, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Steven P Wallace
- Department of Community Health Sciences, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, 650 Charles E Young Dr. S., Box 951772, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Center for Health Policy Research, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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Bhimla A, Power K, Sachs M, Bermudez A, Dinh J, San Juan N, Ma GX. Evaluating psychosocial and physical activity outcomes following an intervention among Filipino Americans. Health Promot Perspect 2021; 11:210-218. [PMID: 34195045 PMCID: PMC8233674 DOI: 10.34172/hpp.2021.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Physical activity (PA) is a strong contributor to enhancing a healthy lifestyle and preventing numerous chronic diseases. As ethnic minorities engage in low levels of PA, psychosocial and activity-based interventions for sustaining PA are crucial. Methods: The 6-month intervention incorporated culturally tailored educational workshops and weekly PA classes at a community center. Educational workshops were led by six trained community health workers (CHWs). Participants (n=37) completed pre- and post-intervention questionnaires regarding PA related self-efficacy, outcome expectations, social support, enjoyment, self-regulation, goal setting, and overall PA. Results: Following the intervention, study participants exhibited increases in weekly PA levels. Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test revealed higher median scores for Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale (ESES), Identified Regulation, and Intrinsic Motivation. Positive changes were observed for Physical Outcome Expectations, Social Outcome Expectations, Self-Evaluative Outcome Expectations, Physical Activity Enjoyment, Social Support for Exercise Scale - Family, Social Support for Exercise - Friends, and Exercise Goal-Setting. Conclusion: Community-based PA interventions may provide potential benefits to Filipino Americans, an ethnic Asian minority group, in identifying exercise benefits, developing proper exercise goals, increasing motivation, promoting PA behavior, and facilitating long-term PA adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Bhimla
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Asian Health, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ksenia Power
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael Sachs
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Allegra Bermudez
- College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jessica Dinh
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Grace X. Ma
- Center for Asian Health, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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13
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Secular Trends in Physical Activity Among Immigrants in the United States, 2009-2018. J Phys Act Health 2021; 18:694-704. [PMID: 33894691 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2020-0812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to evaluate secular trends in domain-specific physical activity in the immigrant population in the US between 2009 and 2018. METHOD A secondary data analysis from the 2009-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; a total of 7282 immigrants in the US were included in this analysis. All domain-specific physical activity was assessed by a self-reported questionnaire. Tests for linear trends were performed to examine the trends of each physical activity time using orthogonal polynomial coefficients. Physical activity trends were assessed by the whole group and the various subgroups. RESULTS Total physical activity showed an upward linear trend in female (Ptrend = .04) and young adult (Ptrend = .009) immigrants. Work-related physical activity showed an upward linear trend in young adult immigrants (Ptrend = .01). Recreational physical activity showed an upward linear trend in young adult (Ptrend = .03) and Mexican American (Ptrend < .001) immigrants and in immigrants living in the US for 15-29 years (Ptrend = .02). In contrast, we observed downward linear trends in transit-related physical activity for immigrants across male (Ptrend = .04), middle-aged adult (Ptrend = .01), and non-Hispanic black groups (Ptrend = .004) and in immigrants living in the US for 15-29 years (Ptrend = .03). CONCLUSION There were no significant linear trends in the 4 domains of physical activity in the overall US immigrant population; however, trends in domain-specific physical activity in the US immigrant population differed by gender, age, race/ethnicity, and length of residence. These findings may inform physical activity promotion strategies targeting US immigrant populations with diverse sociocultural backgrounds.
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14
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Jung M, Kim H, Loprinzi PD, Kang M. Association among length of residence, physical activity, and obesity in the US immigrants: A regression-based mediation analysis. Am J Hum Biol 2021; 34:e23576. [PMID: 33565207 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the mediated relationship between objectively measured obesity, accelerometer-based moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and length of residence among US immigrants. METHODS A total of 885 adults (≥18 years) who were born outside the United States from the 2003 to 2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included in the analysis. The participants were categorized into two groups (i.e., living in the United States ≥15 years vs. <15 years). MVPA time (minutes/day) was measured by ActiGraph accelerometry. Obesity was defined as body fat percentage measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Regression-based mediation analysis was conducted using SURVEY procedures in SAS version 9.4. RESULTS When controlling for covariates, immigrants living in the United States for ≥15 years were significantly less likely to spend time participating in MVPA (c; β = -4.50, p = .04), and more likely to be at high risk of obesity (a; β = 1.70, p = .01) compared to those living in the United States for <15 years. Also, the relationship between obesity and MVPA was statistically significant (b; β = -0.80, p = .003). Length of residence was indirectly associated with MVPA (ab; β = -1.37, p = .03), suggesting that obesity mediated the association of length of residence on MVPA (c'; β = -3.13, p = .20). CONCLUSIONS Obesity mediated the association between length of residence and MVPA in the US immigrants. These findings may encourage long-term US immigrants to prevent and treat obesity for increasing the amount of MVPA time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myungjin Jung
- Health and Sport Analytics Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science, and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA.,Exercise and Memory Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science, and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
| | - Heontae Kim
- Institute of Child Nutrition, School of Applied Sciences, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
| | - Paul D Loprinzi
- Exercise and Memory Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science, and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
| | - Minsoo Kang
- Health and Sport Analytics Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science, and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA
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15
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Yi SS, Kanaya AM, Wen M, Russo R, Kandula N. Associations of Neighborhood Factors and Activity Behaviors: The Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) Study. J Immigr Minor Health 2021; 23:54-61. [PMID: 32418001 PMCID: PMC8764702 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-020-01021-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Social and built environments may influence physical activity (PA). However, evidence for South Asian Americans (SAA), a group with low PA levels and high cardiometabolic risk, is lacking. We assessed the association between five neighborhood factors and PA behaviors in a community-based cohort of SAA. Data were from the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) Study 2010-2013 (n = 906). Adjusted multivariable models stratified by sex regressing PA behaviors on neighborhood factors were run. Higher neighborhood social cohesion was associated with 17% more PA MET minutes/week in men (p < 0.01), but not in women. Having a park/playground near home was associated with meeting PA guidelines (odds ratio (95% CI): men: 3.14 (1.20-8.24); women: 3.67 (1.17-11.52). Neighborhood factors were associated with favorable PA behaviors in SAA. PA interventions for SAA that increase neighborhood social cohesion or focus on linking individuals with local resources may be effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella S Yi
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Alka M Kanaya
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ming Wen
- Department of Sociology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Rienna Russo
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Namratha Kandula
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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16
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Colorectal Cancer-Related Knowledge, Acculturation, and Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Among Low-Income Vietnamese Americans in the Greater Philadelphia Metropolitan Area. J Community Health 2020; 45:1178-1186. [PMID: 33026553 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-020-00931-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second and fourth most common cancer in Vietnamese American women and men, respectively. Recent research has highlighted the importance of modifiable lifestyle behaviors such as smoking, alcohol use, dietary behaviors, and physical activities in CRC prevention for the general population. However, it is not well understood how well Vietnamese Americans knew about CRC prevention and risk factors, and whether there were any disparities in knowledge within this vulnerable population. This study examined whether comprehensive measures of acculturation and knowledge of CRC risk are associated with different health behaviors, specifically physical activity, protective dietary behaviors, and risky dietary behaviors in Vietnamese Americans. We recruited 374 Vietnamese Americans aged 50 or above from community-based organizations in the Vietnamese American communities in the greater Philadelphia metropolitan area. Through a cross-sectional survey, we collected data on their knowledge of CRC prevention and risk factors, acculturation-related factors, and sociodemographic characteristics. We found limited knowledge of CRC prevention and risk factors, and suboptimal physical activity and healthy dietary behaviors in the Vietnamese Americans. We also found that higher levels of knowledge about CRC and risk factors were associated with less unhealthy diets but not with more protective diets or physical activity. Acculturation was not significantly associated with overall dietary behaviors in our study. Our findings addressed gaps in current literature concerning the impact of knowledge about CRC risk factors and acculturation on different dimensions of dietary behaviors as well as physical activity. Research and practical implications were discussed.
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Kim J, Suh YI, Kim J. Identifying leisure constraints associated with acculturation among older Korean immigrants. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2020; 14:1655378. [PMID: 31452458 PMCID: PMC6719260 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2019.1655378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Little research exists on understanding the interference factors that affect leisure engagement among older East Asian immigrants. Using the leisure constraint theory, this study was designed to identify leisure constraints associated with acculturation among older Korean immigrants. Method: using semi-structured, in-depth interviews, a total of 18 individuals participated in this study. Results: Three major themes were identified as leisure constraints related to acculturation: (a) adaptation challenges, (b) cultural norms, and (c) a lack of leisure opportunities. These identified themes served as inhibitors of the participants' leisure involvement. Conclusion: The findings suggested that acculturation-related experiences contributed to leisure constraints. Practical suggestions and implications are discussed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhyoung Kim
- School of Public Health, Indiana University , Bloomington , IN , USA
| | - Young Ik Suh
- Department of Sport Management, Wellness, and Physical Education, University of West Georgia , Georgia , GA , USA
| | - Jaehyun Kim
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Texas State University , San Marcos , TX , USA
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18
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Lê-Scherban F, Albrecht SS, Osypuk TL, Sánchez BN, Diez Roux AV. Long-term neighborhood ethnic composition and weight-related outcomes among immigrants: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Health Place 2019; 58:102147. [PMID: 31234123 PMCID: PMC6708458 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.102147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Weight among immigrants in the United States (US) is lower than among the US-born on average, but higher among long-term immigrants than the newly arrived. Neighborhood coethnic concentration-the proportion of neighborhood residents of the same ethnic background-may influence weight among immigrants via behavioral norms and market-driven community resources. However, the relevant exposure timeframe may be far longer than is captured by existing cross-sectional and short-term studies. Using detailed historical residential address information on 1449 older Latino and Chinese long-term immigrants, we investigated associations of 10-20-year neighborhood coethnic concentration trajectories with current waist circumference and weight-related behaviors (diet, physical activity, and sedentary time). Among Chinese participants, compared to persistent low coethnic concentration, increasing coethnic concentration was associated with higher waist circumference (difference = 1.45 cm [0.51, 2.39]). In contrast, both increasing coethnic concentration and persistent high coethnic concentration were associated with a healthier diet. Among Latino participants, trajectories characterized by higher coethnic concentration were associated with higher waist circumference (e.g., difference = 2.11 cm [0.31, 3.91] for persistent high vs. persistent low) and low physical activity. Long-term patterns of neighborhood coethnic concentration may affect weight-related outcomes among immigrants in complex ways that differ by ethnicity and outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félice Lê-Scherban
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, 3215 Market Street, 5th Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, 3600 Market Street, 7th Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Sandra S Albrecht
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 137 East Franklin Street, CB # 8120, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA
| | - Theresa L Osypuk
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, 1300 South 2nd Street, Room 300 West Bank Office Building, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | - Brisa N Sánchez
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, M4164 SPH II, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, 3600 Market Street, 7th Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ana V Diez Roux
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, 3215 Market Street, 5th Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, 3600 Market Street, 7th Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Mathew Joseph N, Hanneman SK, Bishop SL. Physical activity, acculturation, and immigrant status of Asian Indian women living in the United States. Appl Nurs Res 2019; 47:52-56. [PMID: 31113548 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nitha Mathew Joseph
- Department of Undergraduate Studies, Cizik School of Nursing, The University of Texas Health Science Center, 6901 Bertner Avenue, Room 691, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America.
| | - Sandra K Hanneman
- Cizik School of Nursing, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Center for Nursing Research, Room #585, 6901 Bertner Avenue, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America.
| | - Sheryl L Bishop
- School of Nursing, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX, United States of America.
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20
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Rodriquez EJ, Fernández A, Livaudais-Toman JC, Pérez-Stable EJ. How Does Acculturation Influence Smoking Behavior Among Latinos? The Role of Education and National Background. Ethn Dis 2019; 29:227-238. [PMID: 31057307 DOI: 10.18865/ed.29.2.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction As Latinos acculturate, they are assumed to smoke at higher rates. This study investigated the relationship between acculturation level, educational attainment, and cigarette smoking by gender and national background among Latinos. Methods Data from the 2009-2012 National Health Interview Survey were analyzed and participants included 1,111 Cubans, 813 Dominicans, 13,281 Mexicans, and 2,197 Puerto Ricans. Multivariable logistic regression was used to model acculturation and educational predictors of current smoking, stratified by gender and national background. Acculturation level was categorized into less acculturated, bicultural, and more acculturated by combining birthplace and language preference. Current cigarette smoking was defined by self-reported use every day or some days among those who ever smoked at least 100 cigarettes. Results Most respondents were interviewed in English (62%) and had a high school education or less (60%), but only 39% were US-born. Overall, 17.8% of men and 9.6% of women reported current smoking. By national background, smoking prevalence was highest among Puerto Ricans (16% of women and 23% of men) and lowest among Dominicans (6% of women and 10% of men). More acculturated Mexican women and men had significantly higher odds of current smoking (OR=2.94; 95% CI=2.01, 4.31 and OR=1.88; 95% CI=1.39, 2.55; respectively). Mexican men who were more acculturated and had greater levels of educational attainment had lower odds of smoking (OR=.84; 95% CI=.74, .96). Conclusions The relationship between acculturation and health behaviors among Latinos is influenced by education and should be considered by public health and clinician stakeholders when developing or adapting tobacco control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik J Rodriquez
- Multiethnic Health Equity Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, California.,Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alicia Fernández
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Jennifer C Livaudais-Toman
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Eliseo J Pérez-Stable
- Office of the Director, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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21
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A Study of Physical Activity Determinants among High-Risk Hypertensive Filipino and Korean Americans. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16071156. [PMID: 30935110 PMCID: PMC6479917 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16071156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) serves a critical role in maintaining health and preventing chronic diseases, though its influence on high-risk Asian American populations is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine PA levels among Filipino and Korean Americans at high risk of hypertension and to identify sociodemographic and health-related factors associated with PA levels in these populations. A cross-sectional survey was administered to 137 participants in the Greater Philadelphia Area. Data was collected on PA levels, sociodemographic factors, and health factors. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to determine predictors associated with low, moderate, and high PA and predictive probabilities were calculated for interaction terms, incorporating ethnicity and blood pressure variables. Overall, 42.33% of participants belonged to the moderately active PA group and 21.90% belonged to the highly active group. In the final multinomial regression model, it was found that having gone to college increased the odds of being in the moderately active PA group (coef. = 1.96, p = 0.034), while having high blood pressure reduced the odds of being in the moderately active PA group (coef. = -2.21, p = 0.022). Lastly, being Korean versus Filipino reduced the odds of being in the highly active category (coef. = -2.89, p = 0.035). Based on predictive probabilities, Koreans and Filipinos with high blood pressure were more likely to belong in the low active PA category (52.31% and 46.33%). These findings highlight the need for culturally relevant PA interventions for promoting and increasing PA levels to prevent and manage hypertension among these populations.
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22
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Echeverría SE, Divney A, Rodriguez F, Sterling M, Vasquez E, Murillo R, Lopez L. Nativity and Occupational Determinants of Physical Activity Participation Among Latinos. Am J Prev Med 2019; 56:84-92. [PMID: 30442464 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2018.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Latinos in the U.S. bear a disproportionate burden of cardiovascular risk factors, including physical inactivity. Previous research among Latinos has focused on leisure-time physical activity, limiting understanding of the different ways in which populations, particularly working-class groups, achieve recommended levels of physical activity. This study examined associations of race/ethnicity; nativity; and leisure-time, transportation, and occupation-related physical activity among Latino and non-Latino white adults. METHODS Participants sampled in the 2007-2012 waves of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey self-reported domain-specific physical activity. Data were analyzed in 2016-2017 using multivariable log binomial regression models to examine differences in meeting guidelines for each physical activity domain separately and as total physical activity among Latinos (n=4,692) and non-Latino whites (n=7,788). Models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics and health status and tested interactions between nativity and occupational categories. RESULTS In adjusted models, foreign-born Latinos (prevalence ratio=0.70, 95% CI=0.63, 0.77) and U.S.-born Latinos (prevalence ratio=0.85, 95% CI=0.76, 0.95) were least likely to meet physical activity guidelines through occupation-related and leisure time physical activity, when compared with non-Latino whites. By contrast, foreign-born Latinos were more likely to meet physical activity guidelines through transportation physical activity than non-Latino whites (prevalence ratio=1.26, 95% CI=1.01, 1.56) and were proportionately more likely to participate in vigorous modes of physical activity. Interaction results indicated that foreign-born Latinos were the least likely to meet physical activity guidelines compared with U.S.-born Latinos and non-Latino whites if they worked in non-manual occupational categories. All racial/ethnic groups working in manual occupations saw the largest increase (40%-50%) in meeting physical activity guidelines when occupation-related physical activity was combined with leisure-time and transportation physical activity. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest variability in the relationship between nativity and the physical activity domain Latinos engage in compared with non-Latino whites, with occupation contributing substantially to meeting physical activity recommendations for all population groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra E Echeverría
- Department of Public Health Education, School of Health and Human Sciences, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina.
| | - Anna Divney
- Department of Community Health and Social Sciences, CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, New York
| | - Fatima Rodriguez
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Madeline Sterling
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Elizabeth Vasquez
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York
| | - Rosenda Murillo
- Department of Psychological, Health, and Learning Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Lenny Lopez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California; San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California
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Corlin L, Ball S, Woodin M, Patton AP, Lane K, Durant JL, Brugge D. Relationship of Time-Activity-Adjusted Particle Number Concentration with Blood Pressure. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15092036. [PMID: 30231494 PMCID: PMC6165221 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15092036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests long-term exposure to ultrafine particulate matter (UFP, aerodynamic diameter < 0.1 µm) is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. We investigated whether annual average UFP exposure was associated with measured systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse pressure (PP), and hypertension prevalence among 409 adults participating in the cross-sectional Community Assessment of Freeway Exposure and Health (CAFEH) study. We used measurements of particle number concentration (PNC, a proxy for UFP) obtained from mobile monitoring campaigns in three near-highway and three urban background areas in and near Boston, Massachusetts to develop PNC regression models (20-m spatial and hourly temporal resolution). Individual modeled estimates were adjusted for time spent in different micro-environments (time-activity-adjusted PNC, TAA-PNC). Mean TAA-PNC was 22,000 particles/cm3 (sd = 6500). In linear models (logistic for hypertension) adjusted for the minimally sufficient set of covariates indicated by a directed acyclic graph (DAG), we found positive, non-significant associations between natural log-transformed TAA-PNC and SBP (β = 5.23, 95%CI: −0.68, 11.14 mmHg), PP (β = 4.27, 95%CI: −0.79, 9.32 mmHg), and hypertension (OR = 1.81, 95%CI: 0.94, 3.48), but not DBP (β = 0.96, 95%CI: −2.08, 4.00 mmHg). Associations were stronger among non-Hispanic white participants and among diabetics in analyses stratified by race/ethnicity and, separately, by health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Corlin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University School of Engineering, 200 College Ave, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
- Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Boston University School of Medicine, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, Suite 470, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - Shannon Ball
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University School of Engineering, 200 College Ave, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | - Mark Woodin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University School of Engineering, 200 College Ave, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | - Allison P Patton
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University School of Engineering, 200 College Ave, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
- Health Effects Institute, 75 Federal Street, Suite 1400, Boston, MA 02110, USA.
| | - Kevin Lane
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany St, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - John L Durant
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University School of Engineering, 200 College Ave, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
| | - Doug Brugge
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University School of Engineering, 200 College Ave, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
- Tufts University Jonathan M. Tisch College of Civic Life, 35 Professors Row, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
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Bayog MLG, Waters CM. Nativity, Chronic Health Conditions, and Health Behaviors in Filipino Americans. J Transcult Nurs 2017; 29:249-257. [PMID: 28826340 DOI: 10.1177/1043659617703164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nearly half of Americans have a chronic health condition related to unhealthful behavior. One in four Americans is an immigrant; yet immigrants' health has been studied little, particularly among Asian American subpopulations. METHODOLOGY Years lived in United States, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, walking, adiposity, and fruit/vegetable variables in the 2011-2012 California Health Interview Survey were analyzed to examine the influence of nativity on chronic health conditions and health behaviors in 555 adult Filipinos, the second largest Asian American immigrant subpopulation. RESULTS Recent and long-term immigrant Filipinos had higher odds of having hypertension and diabetes, but lower odds of smoking and overweight/obesity compared with second-generation Filipinos. DISCUSSION Being born in the United States may be protective against chronic health conditions, but not for healthful behaviors among Filipinos. Chronic disease prevention and health promotion strategies should consider nativity/length of residence, which may be a more consequential health determinant than other immigration and acculturation characteristics.
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Joseph RP, Benitez TJ, Ainsworth BE, Todd M, Keller C. Acculturation and Physical Activity Among Latinas Enrolled in a 12-Month Walking Intervention. West J Nurs Res 2017; 40:942-960. [PMID: 28322669 DOI: 10.1177/0193945917692305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This report evaluates the relationship between acculturation and assimilation with the physical activity (PA) outcomes of a 12-month walking intervention for postpartum Latinas ( n = 81, M age = 29.2 years, M BMI [body mass index] = 30.0). PA was measured by ActiGraph GT1M accelerometers. Acculturation and assimilation were measured by the Hazuda Acculturation and Assimilation Scales. Data were collected at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. Results showed a trend for participants classified in the least acculturated groups to engage in more moderate-to-vigorous PA than participants classified in the higher acculturated/assimilated groups for two dimensions of acculturation (Adult Proficiency in English Versus Spanish, p = .002; Adult Pattern of English Versus Spanish Language Usage, p = .001) and two dimensions of assimilation (Childhood Interaction With Members of Mainstream Society, p = .028; Adult Functional Integration With Mainstream Society, p ≤ .001). No other significant effects were observed. Findings highlight the continued need to understand the context in which acculturation and assimilation influence PA.
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Bayog ML, Waters CM. Cardiometabolic risks, lifestyle health behaviors and heart disease in Filipino Americans. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2017; 16:522-529. [PMID: 28756695 DOI: 10.1177/1474515117697886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death among all racial and ethnic populations in the USA. Cardiovascular risks and cardioprotective factors have been disparately estimated among Asian American subpopulations. AIMS The study's purpose was to describe the cardiometabolic risks and lifestyle health behaviors associated with cardiovascular disease, considering age and gender, in Filipinos, the second largest Asian American population. METHODS Secondary analysis was conducted of behavioral (smoking, walking, body mass index and soda, fast food and fruit/vegetable consumption), cardiometabolic (hypertension and diabetes) and heart disease variables in the 2011-2012 California Health Interview Survey. The metropolitan sample of Filipino American adults included 57.3% women and had a mean age of 47.9 ± 18.3 years ( n = 555). RESULTS Among the sample, 7.4% had heart disease, 38.9% had hypertension, 16.6% had diabetes, 12.4% smoked cigarettes, 83.2% were insufficiently active, 54.2% were overweight/obese, 21.8% routinely ate fast food, 13.2% routinely drank soda and 90.3% did not meet the fruit/vegetable consumption recommendation. Age (unadjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.0, p < 0.0001), hypertension (unadjusted OR = 4.8, p < 0.0001) and diabetes (unadjusted OR = 3.3, p = 0.001) were associated with heart disease. Hypertension was the single greatest heart disease risk, controlling for diabetes, age and gender (adjusted OR = 3.1, p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS Primary and secondary prevention and treatment of hypertension should be paramount, along with promotion of glucose control, regular moderate-intensity physical activity, weight management and increased fruit and vegetable consumption in the Filipino American population. A multidisciplinary, chronic care model that is population-specific, emphasizes integrated, comprehensive care and provides linkages between primary healthcare and community resources is recommended for practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lg Bayog
- University of California, San Francisco School of Nursing, Department of Community Health Systems, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Catherine M Waters
- University of California, San Francisco School of Nursing, Department of Community Health Systems, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Perspectives on physical activity among immigrants and refugees to a small urban community in Minnesota. J Immigr Minor Health 2016; 17:263-75. [PMID: 24052480 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-013-9917-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Immigrants and refugees to the United States exhibit relatively low levels of physical activity, but reasons for this disparity are poorly understood. 16 gender and age-stratified focus groups were conducted among 127 participants from heterogenous immigrant and refugee groups (Cambodian, Mexican, Somali, Sudanese) in a small Minnesota urban community. We found many similarities in perceived barriers and facilitators to physical activity between heterogeneous immigrant and refugee groups. While the benefits of physical activity were widely acknowledged, lack of familiarity and comfort with taking the first steps towards being physically active were the most significant barriers to physical activity. Participants described being motivated by social support from family, friends, and communities to be physically active. Our findings suggest that shared experiences of immigration and associated social, economic, and linguistic factors influence how physical activity is understood, conceptualized and practiced.
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Yi SS, Beasley JM, Kwon SC, Huang KY, Trinh-Shevrin C, Wylie-Rosett J. Acculturation and activity behaviors in Chinese American immigrants in New York City. Prev Med Rep 2016; 4:404-409. [PMID: 27570733 PMCID: PMC4992039 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Asian Americans have lower levels of physical activity (PA) compared to other racial/ethnic groups; however, there is little understanding of the social and cultural determinants of PA in this population. Few analyses describe specific PA domains (occupation-, transportation-, recreation-related), focus on one Asian subgroup, or use validated scales. The study objective was to assess the association between acculturation and activity behaviors (meeting 2008 PA guidelines, activity minutes by PA domain, sitting time) in a cross-sectional sample of urban-dwelling, Chinese American immigrants. Data were from the Chinese American Cardiovascular Health Assessment (CHA CHA) 2010-11 among participants with valid reports of PA minutes, assessed by the WHO Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (n = 1772). Acculturation was assessed using the Stephenson Multigroup Acculturation Scale, a 32-item instrument which characterizes two acculturative dimensions: ethnic society (Chinese) immersion and dominant society (American) immersion (maximum possible scores = 4). Multivariable models regressing activity behaviors on acculturation were run, adjusting for age, sex, household income, education, and age at immigration. Ethnic society immersion was high (mean = 3.64) while dominant society immersion was moderate (mean = 2.23). Higher ethnic society immersion was associated with less recreation-related PA (- 40.7 min/week); higher dominant society immersion was associated with a higher odds of meeting PA guidelines (OR: 1.66 (1.25, 2.20), p < 0.001) and more recreation-related PA (+ 36.5 min/week). Given low PA levels in Chinese adults in China, results suggest that PA for leisure may increase and become a more normative behavior among Chinese American immigrants with acculturation. Understanding acculturation level may inform strategies to increase PA in Chinese Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella S. Yi
- NYU School of Medicine, Department of Population Health, United States
| | | | - Simona C. Kwon
- NYU School of Medicine, Department of Population Health, United States
| | - Keng-Yen Huang
- NYU School of Medicine, Department of Population Health, United States
| | | | - Judith Wylie-Rosett
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, United States
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Perez LG, Chavez A, Marquez DX, Soto SC, Haughton J, Arredondo EM. Associations of Acculturation With Self-Report and Objective Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors Among Latinas. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2016; 44:431-438. [PMID: 27679665 DOI: 10.1177/1090198116669802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Less than 50% of Latinas meet physical activity (PA) recommendations. Acculturation is a complex cultural phenomenon that may influence health behaviors, but associations between acculturation and Latinas' activity and sedentary levels are unclear. AIM To examine associations of acculturation with Latinas' domain-specific and total PA as well as sedentary time. METHOD We analyzed baseline data collected between 2011 and 2013 among 410 Latinas (18-65 years) from a PA promotion intervention in San Diego, CA ( Fe en Acción/ Faith in Action). Participants wore an accelerometer to assess moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and sedentary time and completed a survey assessing domain-specific PA, sociodemographics, and acculturation as measured by length of residence in the United States and the Bidimensional Acculturation Scale (BAS) for Hispanics. Higher acculturation was defined as longer residence in the United States or being either assimilated or bicultural as per scores on the Hispanic and Anglo domains of the BAS. RESULTS Based on weekly averages from the accelerometer, Latinas spent 103 minutes in MVPA and 76% of total activity in sedentary time. Only 32% met MVPA recommendations via self-reported leisure-time and transportation PA. Longer residence in the United States was inversely associated with reporting any transportation or occupational PA and meeting MVPA recommendations. Assimilated/bicultural Latinas had significantly less accelerometer-based total MVPA and higher sedentary time than their lower acculturated counterparts. CONCLUSIONS Overall, higher acculturation, based on either measure, was related to less activity. Our findings suggest interventions tailored to the acculturation levels of Latinas are needed to help reduce disparities in Latinas' PA and sedentary behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian G Perez
- 1 University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.,2 San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA.,3 Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Adrian Chavez
- 3 Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Sandra C Soto
- 1 University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.,2 San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA.,3 Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Haughton
- 3 Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Elva M Arredondo
- 2 San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA.,3 Institute for Behavioral and Community Health, San Diego, CA, USA
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Hilmers A, Bernabé-Ortiz A, Gilman RH, McDermott AY, Smeeth L, Miranda JJ. Rural-to-Urban Migration: Socioeconomic Status But Not Acculturation was Associated with Overweight/Obesity Risk. J Immigr Minor Health 2016; 18:644-651. [PMID: 26087715 PMCID: PMC4861745 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-015-0234-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
To investigate whether socioeconomic status (SES) and acculturation predict overweight/obesity risk as well as the mediating effect of physical activity (PA) in the context of internal migration. Cross-sectional study of 587 rural-to-urban migrants participating in the PERU MIGRANT study. Analyses were conducted using logistic regression and structured equation modeling. Interaction effects of SES and acculturation were tested. Models were controlled for age, gender and education. Only SES was a significant predictor of overweight/obesity risk. Lower SES decreased the odds of being overweight/obese by 51.4 %. This association did not vary by gender nor was it explained by PA. Mechanisms underlying the relationship between SES and overweight/obesity may differ depending on the geographic location and sociocultural context of the population studied. Research on internal migration and health would benefit from the development of tailored acculturation measures and the evaluation of exploratory models that include diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Hilmers
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- , 5539 Carew St., Houston, TX, 77096, USA.
| | - Antonio Bernabé-Ortiz
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Epidemiology Unit, School of Public Health and Administration, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Robert H Gilman
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Área de Investigación y Desarrollo, A.B. PRISMA, Lima, Peru
| | - Ann Y McDermott
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Liam Smeeth
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - J Jaime Miranda
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
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Afable A, Yeh MC, Trivedi T, Andrews E, Wylie-Rosett J. Duration of US Residence and Obesity Risk in NYC Chinese Immigrants. J Immigr Minor Health 2016; 18:624-635. [PMID: 25963049 PMCID: PMC4658303 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-015-0216-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated whether duration of time in the US is associated with obesity risk in NYC Chinese immigrants. We analyzed cross-sectional survey data on 2072 men and women. Duration of US residence was categorized into ≤5, 6-15, and 15 years and over. Obesity was defined using WHO Asian standards: BMI of 27.5 kg/m(2) or greater. Diet and physical activity (PA) were assessed as potential explanatory variables. After adjusting for covariates, increased time in the US was associated with an increased obesity risk (OR 1.49; 95 % CI 1.06, 2.08 for 15 years or more vs. ≤5 years); and in separate analysis, with having reported no work related PA (OR 0.76; 95 % CI 0.59, 0.99). Findings suggest that increased time living in the US is associated with an increased obesity risk, a finding possibly explained by a shift to more sedentary lifestyle characteristic of the transition of immigrants to the US.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee Afable
- Department of Community Health Sciences, SUNY Downstate School of Public Health, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Mail Stop Code 43, Brooklyn, NY, 11203, USA.
| | - Ming-Chin Yeh
- Department of Community Health Sciences, SUNY Downstate School of Public Health, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Mail Stop Code 43, Brooklyn, NY, 11203, USA
| | - Tushar Trivedi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, SUNY Downstate School of Public Health, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Mail Stop Code 43, Brooklyn, NY, 11203, USA
| | - Erin Andrews
- Department of Community Health Sciences, SUNY Downstate School of Public Health, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Mail Stop Code 43, Brooklyn, NY, 11203, USA
| | - Judith Wylie-Rosett
- Department of Community Health Sciences, SUNY Downstate School of Public Health, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Mail Stop Code 43, Brooklyn, NY, 11203, USA
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Lê-Scherban F, Albrecht SS, Bertoni A, Kandula N, Mehta N, Diez Roux AV. Immigrant status and cardiovascular risk over time: results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Ann Epidemiol 2016; 26:429-435.e1. [PMID: 27221804 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite cross-sectional evidence that foreign-born United States (US) residents often have better health than US-born residents of similar race and/or ethnicity, we know little about overall cardiovascular risk progression over time among immigrants as they age in the US. METHODS Using longitudinal data from the Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis on 6446 adults aged 45-84 years at baseline, we examined how nativity and length of US residence related to change in cardiovascular health (CVH) and cardiovascular event incidence over 11-year follow-up. CVH was measured using the American Heart Association's CVH measure (range, 0-14; higher is better). RESULTS Immigrants, particularly those with shorter US residence, had better baseline CVH and lower cardiovascular event incidence than the US born. Baseline CVH scores ranged from 8.67 (8.42-8.92) among immigrants living in the US less than 10 years to 7.86 (7.76-7.97) among the US born. However, recent immigrants experienced the largest CVH declines over time: 10-year declines ranged from -1.04 (-1.27 to -0.80) among immigrants living in the US less than 10 years at baseline to -0.47 (-0.52 to -0.42) among the US born. CONCLUSIONS Public health prevention efforts targeting new immigrants may help slow the deterioration of CVH and reduce future cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félice Lê-Scherban
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - Sandra S Albrecht
- Department of Nutrition, Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill
| | - Alain Bertoni
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Epidemiology & Prevention, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC
| | | | - Neil Mehta
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ana V Diez Roux
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA
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Afable A, Ursua R, Wyatt LC, Aguilar D, Kwon SC, Islam NS, Trinh-Shevrin C. Duration of US Residence Is Associated With Overweight Risk in Filipino Immigrants Living in New York Metro Area. FAMILY & COMMUNITY HEALTH 2016; 39:13-23. [PMID: 26605951 PMCID: PMC4662079 DOI: 10.1097/fch.0000000000000086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We examined the association between years living in the United States and overweight risk among a community sample of Filipino adult immigrants living in the New York metropolitan area. We found a significant and adverse association between years living in the United States and overweight risk. Compared with Filipinos who lived in the United States less than 5 years, those who lived in the United States 10 years or longer had a higher overweight risk; this association was present only among Filipinos who migrated to New York metropolitan area at 30 years of age or younger. Studies on causal mechanisms explaining this pattern are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee Afable
- SUNY Downstate School of Public Health, Brooklyn, NY,
| | - Rhodora Ursua
- Asian Pacific Partners for Empowerment, Advocacy, and Leadership, Oakland, CA,
| | - Laura C. Wyatt
- Department of Population Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY,
| | | | - Simona C. Kwon
- Department of Population Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY,
| | - Nadia S. Islam
- Department of Population Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY,
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Baseline Socio-demographic characteristics and self-reported diet and physical activity shifts among recent immigrants participating in the randomized controlled lifestyle intervention: "Live Well". J Immigr Minor Health 2015; 16:457-65. [PMID: 23334749 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-013-9778-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this paper is to describe the baseline characteristics of Live Well (intervention to prevent weight gain in recent immigrant mother-child dyads from Brazil, Haiti, and Latin America) participants, and to explore self-reported changes in diet and physical activity post-immigration. Baseline data from 383 mothers were used for this study. Dyads attended a measurement day where they completed self-administered surveys collecting information about socio-demographics, diet, physical activity, other psychosocial variables, and height and weight. Haitian mothers' socio-demographic profile differed significantly from that of Brazilians' and Latinas': they have been in the US for a shorter period of time, have higher rates of unemployment, are less likely to be married, more likely to have ≥3 children, more likely to be obese, and have immigrated for family or other reasons. In multivariate models, self-reported changes in diet and physical activity since migrating to the US were significantly associated with BMI with non-linear relationships identified. Future research is needed to understand how diet and physical activity change while acculturating to the US and explore the adoption of both healthy and unhealthy dietary changes.
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O'Driscoll T, Banting LK, Borkoles E, Eime R, Polman R. A systematic literature review of sport and physical activity participation in culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) migrant populations. J Immigr Minor Health 2015; 16:515-30. [PMID: 23771744 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-013-9857-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) migrants face significant health risks as they adapt to new cultures. These risks are exacerbated by their limited participation in preventative behaviours such as sports and physical activity. The review aimed to identify studies that examined the correlates of sport and physical activity participation in migrants. The systematic review identified 72 papers, including 6 interventions, 18 qualitative and 48 quantitative studies. The 44 identified correlates highlight the complexities involved in working with migrants. The correlates were grouped in four themes using the social ecological model; acculturation, demographic, psychosocial and environmental/organisational. The social ecological model identified general correlates such as social support and safety. However, there were unique correlates relating to individuals who are facing cultural changes such as acculturation and language. Overall, there is a lack of contextualisation of CALD migrants' sport and physical activity experiences because many studies fail to consider acculturation comprehensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Téa O'Driscoll
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,
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Kao D, Carvalho Gulati A, Lee RE. Physical Activity Among Asian American Adults in Houston, Texas: Data from the Health of Houston Survey 2010. J Immigr Minor Health 2015; 18:1470-1481. [DOI: 10.1007/s10903-015-0274-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Yi SS, Roberts C, Lightstone AS, Shih M, Trinh-Shevrin C. Disparities in meeting physical activity guidelines for Asian-Americans in two metropolitan areas in the United States. Ann Epidemiol 2015; 25:656-660.e2. [PMID: 26065343 PMCID: PMC4547861 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Physical activity (PA) levels in Asian-American adults may be lower than other racial or ethnic groups. This analysis tested the hypothesis that Asian-Americans are less likely to meet PA guidelines than other racial or ethnic groups regardless of location of residence. METHODS The New York City (NYC) Community Health Survey (2010, 2012) and Los Angeles County (LAC) Health Survey (2011) are cross-sectional surveys conducted with similar sampling strategies (NYC: n = 17,462; LAC: n = 8036). Meeting PA guidelines was calculated using self-reported moderate or vigorous minutes per week; multivariable regression models adjusted for demographics, insurance, nativity and language spoken at home. Data were weighted to be representative of their respective geographies. RESULTS In both areas, Asian-Americans had a low prevalence of meeting PA guidelines (NYC: 42.7 [39.2-46.3]; LAC: 55.8 [51.2-60.2]). Other racial or ethnic groups were more likely to meet PA guidelines versus Asian-Americans after adjustment for covariates in NYC (white odds ratio [OR]: 1.35 [1.09-1.68]; black OR: 1.61 [1.28-2.02]; Hispanic OR: 2.14 [1.74-2.62]) and in LAC (white OR: 1.45 [1.13-1.86]; Hispanic OR: 1.71 [1.32-2.22]). CONCLUSIONS Asian-Americans were less likely to meet PA guidelines compared with other racial or ethnic groups in NYC and LAC. Description of cultural and neighborhood-level factors and of types of PA in specific Asian subgroups is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella S Yi
- Department of Population Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York.
| | | | | | - Margaret Shih
- Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA
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Benitez TJ, Dodgson JE, Coe K, Keller C. Utility of Acculturation in Physical Activity Research in Latina Adults. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2015; 43:256-70. [DOI: 10.1177/1090198115601042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Latina adults in the United States have a disproportionately higher prevalence of chronic diseases related to low physical activity levels than non-Hispanic women. Literature indicates that acculturation may be a contributing factor to being physically active, but the extent of this association remains unclear. An integrative review of literature was conducted on studies that examined acculturation as it relates to physical activity in Latinas in the United States. Our review of 33 studies revealed inconsistent measurement and conceptualization of acculturation and physical activity across studies. Findings from this review reinforce the importance and continued use of acculturation by behavioral researchers; however, acculturation, as conceptualized in the studies reviewed, may not have had an influence on health as much as traditions, life patterns, and resources of Latinas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kathryn Coe
- Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Kim JA, Yang SJ, Chee YK, Kwon KJ, An J. Effects of Health Status and Health Behaviors on Depression Among Married Female Immigrants in South Korea. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci) 2015; 9:125-31. [PMID: 26160241 DOI: 10.1016/j.anr.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined the effects of health status and health behaviors on depression in married female immigrants in South Korea. METHODS Sampling 316 immigrant women from the Philippines, Vietnam, China, and other Asian countries, a cross-sectional research design was used with self-report questionnaires that assessed sociodemographic characteristics, health status, health behaviors, and depression. RESULTS There were significant differences in stillbirth experience, induced abortion, morbidity, perceived health status, meal skipping, and physical activity between depressed and nondepressed immigrant women. After adjusting for sociodemographic variables, stillbirth experience, poorer perceived health status, more meal skipping, and less physical activity were associated with greater depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Both health status and health behaviors had significant impacts on depression, suggesting that development of nursing interventions and educational programs should be targeted towards improving maternal health, healthy lifestyle, and subjective health perception to promote married female immigrants' psychological well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung A Kim
- College of Nursing, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sook Ja Yang
- Division of Nursing Science, College of Health Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Yeon Kyung Chee
- Department of Child Development, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Ja Kwon
- Department of Nursing, Hansei University, Gunpo, South Korea
| | - Jisook An
- Division of Nursing Science, College of Health Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Nursing, Kyungnam University, Changwon, South Korea
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Salinas JJ, Hilfinger Messias DK, Morales-Campos D, Parra-Medina D. English language proficiency and physical activity among Mexican-origin women in South Texas and South Carolina. J Health Care Poor Underserved 2015; 25:357-75. [PMID: 24509031 DOI: 10.1353/hpu.2014.0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the relationship between English language proficiency (ELP), physical activity, and physical activity-related psychosocial measures (i.e., exercise self-efficacy, exercise social support, perceptions of environmental supports) among Mexican-origin women in South Carolina and Texas. DESIGN Adjusted robust regression and interaction modeling to evaluate baseline questionnaire data on self-reported ELP with CHAMPS leisure-time moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), accelerometry data, Physical Activity Self-Efficacy, Physical Activity Social Support, and Environmental Support for Physical Activity in 118 Mexican-origin women. RESULTS The adjusted regression revealed a significant association between ELP and perceived physical activity self-efficacy (β = 234.2, p = .004), but not with physical activity social support. In South Carolina, CHAMPS leisure-time MVPA (411.4 versus 114.3 minutes, p < .05) was significantly different between women in the high ELP quartile and those in the very low quartile. Among high ELP Mexican-origin women, participants in Texas reported significantly higher MVPA measured by accelerometry (p = .042) than those in South Carolina. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that ELP was associated with physical activity and that contextual factors may also play a role.
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Im EO, Chang SJ, Nguyen G, Stringer L, Chee W, Chee E. Korean immigrant women's physical activity experience: a situation-specific theory. Res Theory Nurs Pract 2015; 29:10-24. [PMID: 25799693 DOI: 10.1891/1541-6577.29.1.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To develop successful physical activity promotion programs for midlife immigrant women, especially for Korean immigrant midlife women, concrete theoretical bases are needed. However, virtually no theoretical frameworks and/or theories exist that can explain the influences of immigration transition on the physical activity experience of midlife immigrant women in general or Korean immigrant midlife women in specific. The purpose of this article is to present a situation-specific theory on physical activity experience of Korean immigrant midlife women (SPAKIM) with its development process. An integrative approach was used to develop the theory based on the midlife women's attitudes toward physical activity (MAPA) theory, the transitions theory, a review of the relevant literature, and two studies on midlife women's attitudes toward physical activity. The proposed theory includes nature of transitions, nonmodifiable and modifiable transition conditions, contexts of daily life, patterns of response, and nursing therapeutics as major concepts, and each major concept includes several related subconcepts. Because several concepts of the theory were developed mainly based on the literature review, the major concepts and related subconcepts need to be further developed and evaluated in future studies.
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Padilla M, Peters AL. Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors as Influenced by Race and Ethnic Background. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR RISK REPORTS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12170-014-0431-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Moderating Effects of Health Literacy on Change in Physical Activity Among Latinas in a Randomized Trial. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2015; 2:351-7. [PMID: 26863464 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-014-0080-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Latinas report low rates of physical activity (PA) and are at risk for poor health outcomes. Language and literacy barriers impede access and utilization of PA-related resources. This study examined health literacy as a moderator on changes in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in 196 Latinas enrolled in Seamos Saludables, a randomized-controlled trial of a 6-month culturally and linguistically adapted PA print intervention METHODS Secondary analyses were conducted on demographics, acculturation and generation status, and health literacy (Newest Vital Sign). MVPA was determined by 7 day physical activity recall, assessed at baseline and 6 months. General linear models examined interaction effects between health literacy (HL), experimental condition (treatment vs. control), and generation status. RESULTS Health literacy moderated change in MVPA from baseline to 6 months. The intervention effect was greater among first-generation Latinas with limited health literacy. DISCUSSION Differences in health literacy level appear to influence MVPA outcomes. Formative research is recommended to ensure that materials are appropriate when developing print-based PA interventions, particularly among first-generation Latinas who are more likely to have limited health literacy.
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Koca C, Lapa TY. Analysis of physical activity and acculturation among Turkish migrants in Germany and England (.). Percept Mot Skills 2014; 119:698-716. [PMID: 25387040 DOI: 10.2466/06.pms.119c29z7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent literature shows that migrant populations in Western countries are generally less physically active than their host populations. The purpose of the present study was to expand research investigating associations between physical activity (PA) and acculturation and their relationship with several socio-demographic factors among Turkish migrants in Germany and England. The sample consisted of 521 Turkish migrants. Migrant generation, length of residence, and language proficiency were used as indicators of acculturation. Acculturation was not associated with PA among migrants in Germany and England. PA of migrants was significantly associated with migrant's host country, age, sex, marital status, and education. The total PA of migrants in Germany was higher than that of migrants in England; the large majority of females in both Germany and England had low PA, whereas most males had moderate PA. Seemingly, PA in Turkish migrant populations will not necessarily increase as a result of greater acculturation to the host society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canan Koca
- 1 Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
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Randomized controlled trial lifestyle interventions for Asian Americans: a systematic review. Prev Med 2014; 67:171-81. [PMID: 25086326 PMCID: PMC4167567 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Asian Americans are the fastest-growing race in the United States. However, they are largely underrepresented in health research, particularly in lifestyle interventions. A systematic review was conducted to analyze the characteristics and quality of lifestyle intervention literature promoting changes in physical activity (PA), diet, and/or weight management targeting Asian Americans. METHOD A systematic electronic database search identified randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs), involving lifestyle interventions for Asian Americans, published from 1995 to 2013 conducted in the US. Data extraction was conducted from August through December 2013. RESULTS Seven RCTs met the review criteria. Cross-study comparisons were difficult due to diversity in: RCT intervention designs, cultural appropriateness, outcome measures, sample size, and race/ethnic groups. Overall, risk of bias and cultural appropriateness scores were moderate to low. Five out of seven RCTs showed significant between group differences for PA, diet, and weight. In general, sample sizes were small or lacked sufficient power to fully analyze intervention efficacy. CONCLUSION Evidence of the efficacy for lifestyle interventions among Asian Americans was mixed. Recommendations include: more rigorous RCT designs, more objective measures, larger Asian American sample sizes, culturally appropriate interventions, individual tailoring, maintenance phase with support, and providing education and modeling of lifestyle behaviors.
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Lê-Scherban F, Albrecht SS, Osypuk TL, Sánchez BN, Diez Roux AV. Neighborhood ethnic composition, spatial assimilation, and change in body mass index over time among Hispanic and Chinese immigrants: Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Am J Public Health 2014; 104:2138-46. [PMID: 25211724 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2014.302154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated relations between changes in neighborhood ethnic composition and changes in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference among Chinese and Hispanic immigrants in the United States. METHODS We used Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis data over a median 9-year follow-up (2000-2002 to 2010-2012) among Chinese (n = 642) and Hispanic (n = 784) immigrants aged 45 to 84 years at baseline. We incorporated information about residential moves and used econometric fixed-effects models to control for confounding by time-invariant characteristics. We characterized neighborhood racial/ethnic composition with census tract-level percentage Asian for Chinese participants and percentage Hispanic for Hispanic participants (neighborhood coethnic concentration). RESULTS In covariate-adjusted longitudinal fixed-effects models, results suggested associations between decreasing neighborhood coethnic concentration and increasing weight, although results were imprecise: within-person BMI increases associated with an interquartile range decrease in coethnic concentration were 0.15 kilograms per meters squared (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.00, 0.30) among Chinese and 0.17 kilograms per meters squared (95% CI = -0.17, 0.51) among Hispanic participants. Results did not differ between those who did and did not move during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Residential neighborhoods may help shape chronic disease risk among immigrants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félice Lê-Scherban
- Félice Lê-Scherban and Ana V. Diez Roux are with the Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor. Brisa N. Sánchez is with the Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health. Sandra S. Albrecht is with the Carolina Population Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Theresa L. Osypuk is with the Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis
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A bi-national comparative study of health behaviors of Koreans in South Korea and Korean Americans in California. J Immigr Minor Health 2014; 15:1073-81. [PMID: 22918692 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-012-9706-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Few studies have compared health behaviors of Koreans in their home country and Korean Americans. Using 2009 data from the Community Health Survey (South Korea) and the California Health Interview Survey (USA), we compared native Koreans and Korean Americans, grouped by level of acculturation, on prevalence of specific health behaviors and self-rated health, and conducted multiple logistic regression comparing the odds of these behaviors among the groups adjusted for demographic variables. While Korean Americans exhibit healthier behaviors than Koreans in some areas (e.g., reduced smoking and binge drinking in men, increased utilization of flu vaccinations), we also identified problem behaviors (e.g., increased body weight in Korean American men, uptake of alcohol drinking and smoking among Korean American women). Findings support the critical need for health promotion programs addressing these health behaviors to prevent future health problems among Korean Americans.
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Huffman FG, Vaccaro JA, Zarini GG, Dixon Z. Comparison of two indices of diet quality with acculturation factors and demographics in Haitian Americans. Ecol Food Nutr 2014; 53:42-57. [PMID: 24437543 DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2013.774674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study examined associations of language preference and length of stay in the United States and diet among 132 Haitian Americans aged ≥35, born in Haiti. Two dietary indices, Healthy Eating Index (HEI) and Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), were used to assess dietary quality. Years in the United States (>15 years; B = 0.063, p = .012) and female gender (B = 5.63, p = .028) were positively associated with AHEI. Lower HEI scores were associated with speaking no English (B = -6.11, p = .026). Participants reporting an income under 20,000/yr had lower AHEI scores (B = -7.63, p = .014). Concurrent use of these indices would provide a screening tool for nutrition intervention. Public health programs targeting low-cost resources, such as community gardening, are recommended to reduce health disparities among this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma G Huffman
- a Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work , Florida International University , Miami , Florida , USA
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Kim J, Heo J, Park SH. The Exploration of Acculturation and Health Among Immigrants From Non-Eastern Cultures. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2014; 24:1138-1149. [PMID: 25023220 DOI: 10.1177/1049732314543195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Literature on acculturation has been mainly focused on how acculturation influences the perception of health and well-being among immigrants from non-Western cultures. Conversely, we sought to explore immigration experiences associated with health and well-being among immigrants from non-Eastern cultures during their acculturation process. With a sample of 9 participants, we identified two major themes as outcomes of acculturation: psychological well-being and social benefits. We found that during acculturation, Western immigrants improved their sense of happiness, experienced reduced stress, and discovered meaning through activities, and that overall, acculturation facilitated personal growth. In addition, they developed a sense of cross-group friendships with Korean people and facilitated group cohesion within their own ethnic group. Further implications and future research avenues are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhyoung Kim
- Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan, USA
| | - Jinmoo Heo
- Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Se-Hyuk Park
- Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
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Afable-Munsuz A, Mayeda ER, Pérez-Stable EJ, Haan MN. Immigrant generation and diabetes risk among Mexican Americans: the Sacramento area Latino study on aging. Am J Public Health 2014; 104 Suppl 2:S234-50. [PMID: 24899459 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2012.300969r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We examined whether acculturation and immigrant generation, a marker for assimilation, are associated with diabetes risk in an aging Mexican-origin population. METHODS We analyzed data on 1789 adults aged 60 to 101 years from the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging. We ascertained type 2 diabetes on the basis of diabetic medication use, self-report of physician diagnosis, or a fasting glucose of 126 milligrams/deciliter or greater. Logistic regression modeled prevalent diabetes. RESULTS Adjusting for age and gender, we observed significant but divergent associations between immigrant generation, acculturation, and diabetes risk. Relative to first-generation adults, second-generation adults had an odds ratio (OR) of 1.8 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.4, 2.4) and third-generation adults had an OR of 2.1 (95% CI = 1.4, 3.1) of having diabetes. Greater US acculturation, however, was associated with a slightly decreased diabetes rate. In the full model adjusting for socioeconomic and lifestyle factors, the association between generation (but not acculturation) and diabetes remained significant. CONCLUSIONS Our study lends support to the previously contested notion that assimilation is associated with an increased diabetes risk in Mexican immigrants. Researchers should examine the presence of a causal link between assimilation and health more closely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee Afable-Munsuz
- At the time the analysis was conducted, Aimee Afable-Munsuz was a research fellow with the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco. Elizabeth Rose Mayeda and Mary N. Haan are with the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco. Eliseo J. Pérez-Stable is with the Medical Effectiveness Research Center for Diverse Populations, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
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