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Conner AA, Yao Y, Chan SW, Jain D, Wong SM, Yim EKF, Rizwan M. High-throughput analysis of topographical cues for the expansion of murine pluripotent stem cells. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:455101. [PMID: 39084233 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad6994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
The expansion of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs)in vitroremains a critical barrier to their use in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Biochemical methods for PSC expansion are known to produce heterogeneous cell populations with varying states of pluripotency and are cost-intensive, hindering their clinical translation. Engineering biomaterials to physically control PSC fate offers an alternative approach. Surface or substrate topography is a promising design parameter for engineering biomaterials. Topographical cues have been shown to elicit profound effects on stem cell differentiation and proliferation. Previous reports have shown isotropic substrate topographies to be promising in expanding PSCs. However, the optimal feature to promote PSC proliferation and the pluripotent state has not yet been determined. In this work, the MultiARChitecture (MARC) plate is developed to conduct a high-throughput analysis of topographical cues in a 96-well plate format. The MARC plate is a reproducible and customizable platform for the analysis of multiple topographical patterns and features and is compatible with both microscopic assays and molecular biology techniques. The MARC plate is used to evaluate the expression of pluripotency markersOct4, Nanog, andSox2and the differentiation markerLmnAas well as the proliferation of murine embryonic stem (mES) cells. Our systematic analyses identified three topographical patterns that maintain pluripotency in mES cells after multiple passages: 1µm pillars (1µm spacing, square arrangement), 2µm wells (c-c (x, y) = 4, 4µm), and 5µm pillars (c-c (x, y) = 7.5, 7.5µm). This study represents a step towards developing a biomaterial platform for controlled murine PSC expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail A Conner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Yuan Yao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Sarah W Chan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Deepak Jain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Suzanne M Wong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Evelyn K F Yim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
- Center for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America
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2
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Bettini A, Camelliti P, Stuckey DJ, Day RM. Injectable biodegradable microcarriers for iPSC expansion and cardiomyocyte differentiation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2404355. [PMID: 38900068 PMCID: PMC11348074 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202404355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Cell therapy is a potential novel treatment for cardiac regeneration and numerous studies have attempted to transplant cells to regenerate the myocardium lost during myocardial infarction. To date, only minimal improvements to cardiac function have been reported. This is likely to be the result of low cell retention and survival following transplantation. This study aimed to improve the delivery and engraftment of viable cells by using an injectable microcarrier that provides an implantable, biodegradable substrate for attachment and growth of cardiomyocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC). We describe the fabrication and characterisation of Thermally Induced Phase Separation (TIPS) microcarriers and their surface modification to enable iPSC-derived cardiomyocyte attachment in xeno-free conditions is described. The selected formulation resulted in iPSC attachment, expansion, and retention of pluripotent phenotype. Differentiation of iPSC into cardiomyocytes on the microcarriers is investigated in comparison with culture on 2D tissue culture plastic surfaces. Microcarrier culture is shown to support culture of a mature cardiomyocyte phenotype, be compatible with injectable delivery, and reduce anoikis. The findings from this study demonstrate that TIPS microcarriers provide a supporting matrix for culturing iPSC and iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes in vitro and are suitable as an injectable cell-substrate for cardiac regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Bettini
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of MedicineUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 6DDUK
- Centre for Precision Healthcare, Division of MedicineUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 6JFUK
| | - Patrizia Camelliti
- School of Biosciences and MedicineUniversity of SurreyGuildfordSurreyGU2 7XHUK
| | - Daniel J. Stuckey
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Division of MedicineUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 6DDUK
| | - Richard M. Day
- Centre for Precision Healthcare, Division of MedicineUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 6JFUK
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3
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Shen Q, Zhou YH, Zhou YQ. A prospects tool in virus research: Analyzing the applications of organoids in virus studies. Acta Trop 2024; 254:107182. [PMID: 38479469 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Organoids have emerged as a powerful tool for understanding the biology of the respiratory, digestive, nervous as well as urinary system, investigating infections, and developing new therapies. This article reviews recent progress in the development of organoid and advancements in virus research. The potential applications of these models in studying virul infections, pathogenesis, and antiviral drug discovery are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Shen
- Institute of Microbiology Laboratory, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 20036, China; Institute of Microbiology Laboratory, Shanghai Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 20036, China
| | - Yu-Han Zhou
- College of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yan-Qiu Zhou
- Institute of Microbiology Laboratory, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 20036, China; Institute of Microbiology Laboratory, Shanghai Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 20036, China.
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Tsai CW, Chen TY, Wang JH, Young TH. Effect of Chitosan on Synovial Membrane Derived Cells and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Fibroblasts. Tissue Eng Part A 2024. [PMID: 38695112 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2024.0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Previously, chitosan reduces the senescence-related phenotypes in human foreskin fibroblasts through the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) pathway, and enhances the proliferation and migration capabilities of these cells are demonstrated. In this study, we examined whether the senescence-delaying effect of chitosan could be applied to primary knee-related fibroblasts, such as human synovial membrane derived cells (SCs) and anterior cruciate ligament fibroblasts (ACLs). These two types of cells were obtained from donors who needed ACL reconstruction or knee replacement. We found that chitosan treatment effectively reduced aging-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal)-positive cells, downregulated the expression of senescence-related proteins pRB and p53, and enhanced the 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation ability of SCs and ACLs. Moreover, chitosan could make SCs secret more glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and produce type I collagen. The ability of ACLs to close the wound was also enhanced, and the TGF-β and alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) protein expression decreased after chitosan treatment. In summary, chitosan not only delayed the senescence but also enhanced the functions of SCs and ACLs, which is beneficial to the application of chitosan in cell expansion in vitro and cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Wen Tsai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwan Instrument Research Institute, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Yu Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Horng Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Horng Young
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Song X, Hou K, Zhou H, Yang J, Cao T, Zhang J. Liver organoids and their application in liver cancer research. Regen Ther 2024; 25:128-137. [PMID: 38226058 PMCID: PMC10788409 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2023.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer, a common and intractable liver-related disease, is a malignant tumor with a high morbidity, which needs a high treatment cost but still lacks perfect clinical treatment methods. Looking for an effective platform for liver cancer study and drug screening is urgent and important. Traditional analytical methods for liver disease studies mainly rely on the 2D cell culture and animal experiments, which both cannot fully recapitulate physiological and pathological processes of human liver. For example, cell culture can only show basic functions of cells in vitro, while animal models always hold the problem of species divergence. The organoids, a 3D invitro culture system emerged in recent years, is a cell-bound body with different cell types and has partial tissue functions. The organoid technology can reveal the growth state, structure, function and characteristics of the tissue or organ, and plays an important role in reconstructing invitro experimental models that can truly simulate the human liver. In this paper, we will give a brief introduction of liver organoids and review their applications in liver cancer research, especially in liver cancer pathogenesis, drug screening, precision medicine, regenerative medicine, and other fields. We have also discussed advantages and disadvantages of organoids, as well as future directions and perspectives towards liver organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Song
- Binzhou Medical University, 264003 Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Kaifei Hou
- Binzhou Medical University, 264003 Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Hongyan Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 250300 Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jingyi Yang
- Binzhou Medical University, 264003 Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Ting Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiayu Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003 Yantai, Shandong, China
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Soto A, Spongberg C, Martinino A, Giovinazzo F. Exploring the Multifaceted Landscape of MASLD: A Comprehensive Synthesis of Recent Studies, from Pathophysiology to Organoids and Beyond. Biomedicines 2024; 12:397. [PMID: 38397999 PMCID: PMC10886580 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a widespread contributor to chronic liver disease globally. A recent consensus on renaming liver disease was established, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, MASLD, was chosen as the replacement for NAFLD. The disease's range extends from the less severe MASLD, previously known as non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), to the more intense metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), previously known as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), characterized by inflammation and apoptosis. This research project endeavors to comprehensively synthesize the most recent studies on MASLD, encompassing a wide spectrum of topics such as pathophysiology, risk factors, dietary influences, lifestyle management, genetics, epigenetics, therapeutic approaches, and the prospective trajectory of MASLD, particularly exploring its connection with organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Soto
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607, USA;
| | - Colby Spongberg
- Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine, Great Falls, MT 59405, USA
| | | | - Francesco Giovinazzo
- General Surgery and Liver Transplant Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Kim J. Evaluating the Efficacy of Continuous Water-Cooling 115-Watt 6.78-MHz Monopolar RF Therapy for Fine Wrinkle Reduction. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2024; 12:e5623. [PMID: 38410623 PMCID: PMC10896472 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000005623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Background Cosmetic procedures using radiofrequency (RF) technology have garnered significant attention as noninvasive approaches to skin rejuvenation and wrinkle reduction. This study investigates the efficacy of RF therapy in enhancing skin texture, firmness, and appearance. By harnessing the 6.78-MHz "VolNewMer" RF device, skin aging concerns, particularly in terms of skin roughness, laxity, and wrinkles, can be treated. Methods This study engaged a cohort of 50 participants seeking wrinkle reduction and skin-lifting treatments. Employing noninvasive methods, the efficacy of RF therapy was evaluated immediately posttreatment and 1-month posttreatment. Skin roughness was quantified using a computer-based analysis of standardized 3D scanner images, capturing uniform lighting and angles to ensure accurate measurements. Results Among the 45 participants who completed the study, significant improvements in skin roughness were observed. The average roughness (Ra) value decreased from 16.71 to 11.88 arbitrary units immediately posttreatment, signifying a 28.42% enhancement. At the 1-month follow-up, the Ra value further decreased to 12.33 arbitrary units, reflecting a sustained 26.23% improvement. However, 16 participants exhibited even greater improvements at 1 month than immediate. Conclusions RF therapy's profound impact on skin tightening and rejuvenation is rooted in its ability to trigger immediate collagen contraction, bolstering skin elasticity. The dual-phase process of immediate and delayed skin improvement underscores the intricate interplay between thermal stimulation and collagen remodeling. Optimal energy levels and controlled endpoint monitoring ensure safe and effective RF treatments. The use of the VolNewMer device tips and sliding technique contributes to patient comfort and treatment precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- JongSeo Kim
- From the Kim-Jongseo Plastic Surgery Clinic, Seoul, Korea
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8
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Kim MH, Thanuthanakhun N, Kino-oka M. Stable and efficient generation of functional iPSC-derived neural progenitor cell rosettes through regulation of collective cell-cell behavior. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 11:1269108. [PMID: 38268936 PMCID: PMC10806250 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1269108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Although the potential of stem cells to differentiate into several cell types has shown promise in regenerative medicine, low differentiation efficiency and poor reproducibility significantly limit their practical application. We developed an effective and robust differentiation strategy for the efficient and robust generation of neural progenitor cell rosettes from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) incorporating botulinum hemagglutinin (HA). Treatment with HA suppressed the spontaneous differentiation of iPSCs cultured under undirected differentiation conditions, resulting in the preservation of their pluripotency. Moreover, treatment with HA during neural progenitor differentiation combined with dual SMAD inhibition generated a highly homogeneous population of PAX6-and SOX1-expressing neural progenitor cells with 8.4-fold higher yields of neural progenitor cells than untreated control cultures. These neural progenitor cells formed radially organized rosettes surrounding the central lumen. This differentiation method enhanced the generation of functional iPSC-derived neural progenitor cell rosettes throughout the culture vessel, suggesting that the regulation of collective cell-cell behavior using HA plays a morphogenetically important role in rosette formation and maturation. These findings show the significance of HA in the suppression of spontaneous differentiation through spatial homogeneity. The study proposes a novel methodology for the efficient derivation of functional iPSC-derived neural progenitor cell rosettes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Hae Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Masahiro Kino-oka
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Research Base for Cell Manufacturability, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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Zheng H, Harcum SW, Pei J, Xie W. Stochastic biological system-of-systems modelling for iPSC culture. Commun Biol 2024; 7:39. [PMID: 38191636 PMCID: PMC10774284 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05653-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Large-scale manufacturing of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is essential for cell therapies and regenerative medicines. Yet, iPSCs form large cell aggregates in suspension bioreactors, resulting in insufficient nutrient supply and extra metabolic waste build-up for the cells located at the core. Since subtle changes in micro-environment can lead to a heterogeneous cell population, a novel Biological System-of-Systems (Bio-SoS) framework is proposed to model cell-to-cell interactions, spatial and metabolic heterogeneity, and cell response to micro-environmental variation. Building on stochastic metabolic reaction network, aggregation kinetics, and reaction-diffusion mechanisms, the Bio-SoS model characterizes causal interdependencies at individual cell, aggregate, and cell population levels. It has a modular design that enables data integration and improves predictions for different monolayer and aggregate culture processes. In addition, a variance decomposition analysis is derived to quantify the impact of factors (i.e., aggregate size) on cell product health and quality heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zheng
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | - Jinxiang Pei
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Wei Xie
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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10
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Tatwavedi D, Pellagatti A, Boultwood J. Recent advances in the application of induced pluripotent stem cell technology to the study of myeloid malignancies. Adv Biol Regul 2024; 91:100993. [PMID: 37827894 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2023.100993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Acquired myeloid malignancies are a spectrum of clonal disorders known to be caused by sequential acquisition of genetic lesions in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, leading to their aberrant self-renewal and differentiation. The increasing use of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology to study myeloid malignancies has helped usher a paradigm shift in approaches to disease modeling and drug discovery, especially when combined with gene-editing technology. The process of reprogramming allows for the capture of the diversity of genetic lesions and mutational burden found in primary patient samples into individual stable iPSC lines. Patient-derived iPSC lines, owing to their self-renewal and differentiation capacity, can thus be a homogenous source of disease relevant material that allow for the study of disease pathogenesis using various functional read-outs. Furthermore, genome editing technologies like CRISPR/Cas9 enable the study of the stepwise progression from normal to malignant hematopoiesis through the introduction of specific driver mutations, individually or in combination, to create isogenic lines for comparison. In this review, we survey the current use of iPSCs to model acquired myeloid malignancies including myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), acute myeloid leukemia and MDS/MPN overlap syndromes. The use of iPSCs has enabled the interrogation of the underlying mechanism of initiation and progression driving these diseases. It has also made drug testing, repurposing, and the discovery of novel therapies for these diseases possible in a high throughput setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharamveer Tatwavedi
- Blood Cancer UK Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Andrea Pellagatti
- Blood Cancer UK Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jacqueline Boultwood
- Blood Cancer UK Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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11
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Yuan H, Su H, Wu C, Ji Y, Zhou L, Wang L, Zhang H, Zhang X, Tian X, Zhu F. Scalable expansion of human pluripotent stem cells under suspension culture condition with human platelet lysate supplementation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1280682. [PMID: 37900272 PMCID: PMC10601454 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1280682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The large-scale production of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), including both embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), shows potential for advancing the translational realization of hPSC technology. Among multiple cell culture methods, suspension culture, also known as three-dimensional (3D) culture, stands out as a promising method to fulfill the large-scale production requirements. Under this 3D culture condition, cell expansion and the preservation of pluripotency and identity during long-term culture heavily relies on the culture medium. However, the xenogeneic supplements in culture medium remains an obstacle for the translation of cell and gene therapy applications from bench to bedside. Here, we tested human platelet lysate (hPL), a xeno-free and serum-free biological material, as a supplement in the 3D culture of hPSCs. We observed reduced intercellular variability and enhanced proliferation in both hESC and hiPSC lines. These cells, after extended culture in the hPL-supplemented system, maintained pluripotency marker expression, the capacity to differentiate into cells of all three germ layers, and normal karyotype, confirming the practicability and safety of hPL supplementation. Furthermore, through RNA-sequencing analysis, we found an upregulation of genes associated with cell cycle regulations in hPL-treated cells, consistent with the improved cellular division efficiency. Taken together, our findings underscore the potential of hPL as a xeno-free and serum-free supplement for the large-scale production of hPSCs, which holds promise for advancing clinical applications of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Yuan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Su
- HemaCell Biotechnology Inc., Suzhou, China
| | - Chen Wu
- HemaCell Biotechnology Inc., Suzhou, China
| | - Yibing Ji
- HemaCell Biotechnology Inc., Suzhou, China
| | - Lili Zhou
- HemaCell Biotechnology Inc., Suzhou, China
| | - Lingna Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Xin Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaopeng Tian
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fangfang Zhu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- HemaCell Biotechnology Inc., Suzhou, China
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12
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Ng XY, Peh GSL, Yam GHF, Tay HG, Mehta JS. Corneal Endothelial-like Cells Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Cell Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12433. [PMID: 37569804 PMCID: PMC10418878 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Corneal endothelial dysfunction is one of the leading causes of corneal blindness, and the current conventional treatment option is corneal transplantation using a cadaveric donor cornea. However, there is a global shortage of suitable donor graft material, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic approaches. A stem cell-based regenerative medicine approach using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offers a promising solution, as they possess self-renewal capabilities, can be derived from adult somatic cells, and can be differentiated into all cell types including corneal endothelial cells (CECs). This review discusses the progress and challenges in developing protocols to induce iPSCs into CECs, focusing on the different media formulations used to differentiate iPSCs to neural crest cells (NCCs) and subsequently to CECs, as well as the characterization methods and markers that define iPSC-derived CECs. The hurdles and solutions for the clinical application of iPSC-derived cell therapy are also addressed, including the establishment of protocols that adhere to good manufacturing practice (GMP) guidelines. The potential risks of genetic mutations in iPSC-derived CECs associated with long-term in vitro culture and the danger of potential tumorigenicity following transplantation are evaluated. In all, this review provides insights into the advancement and obstacles of using iPSC in the treatment of corneal endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yu Ng
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore 169856, Singapore; (X.Y.N.); (G.S.L.P.); (G.H.-F.Y.)
| | - Gary S. L. Peh
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore 169856, Singapore; (X.Y.N.); (G.S.L.P.); (G.H.-F.Y.)
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, SingHealth and Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore;
| | - Gary Hin-Fai Yam
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore 169856, Singapore; (X.Y.N.); (G.S.L.P.); (G.H.-F.Y.)
- Corneal Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, 6614, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Hwee Goon Tay
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, SingHealth and Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore;
- Centre for Vision Research, DUKE-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Jodhbir S. Mehta
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore 169856, Singapore; (X.Y.N.); (G.S.L.P.); (G.H.-F.Y.)
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, SingHealth and Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore;
- Centre for Vision Research, DUKE-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Department of Cornea and External Eye Disease, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore 168751, Singapore
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13
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Kidwai FK, Canalis E, Robey PG. Induced pluripotent stem cell technology in bone biology. Bone 2023; 172:116760. [PMID: 37028583 PMCID: PMC10228209 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Technologies on the development and differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are rapidly improving, and have been applied to create cell types relevant to the bone field. Differentiation protocols to form bona fide bone-forming cells from iPSCs are available, and can be used to probe details of differentiation and function in depth. When applied to iPSCs bearing disease-causing mutations, the pathogenetic mechanisms of diseases of the skeleton can be elucidated, along with the development of novel therapeutics. These cells can also be used for development of cell therapies for cell and tissue replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad K Kidwai
- Skeletal Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States of America
| | - Ernesto Canalis
- Center for Skeletal Research, Orthopedic Surgery and Medicine, UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, CT 06030-4037, United States of America
| | - Pamela G Robey
- Skeletal Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States of America.
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14
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Yang S, Hu H, Kung H, Zou R, Dai Y, Hu Y, Wang T, Lv T, Yu J, Li F. Organoids: The current status and biomedical applications. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e274. [PMID: 37215622 PMCID: PMC10192887 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Organoids are three-dimensional (3D) miniaturized versions of organs or tissues that are derived from cells with stem potential and can self-organize and differentiate into 3D cell masses, recapitulating the morphology and functions of their in vivo counterparts. Organoid culture is an emerging 3D culture technology, and organoids derived from various organs and tissues, such as the brain, lung, heart, liver, and kidney, have been generated. Compared with traditional bidimensional culture, organoid culture systems have the unique advantage of conserving parental gene expression and mutation characteristics, as well as long-term maintenance of the function and biological characteristics of the parental cells in vitro. All these features of organoids open up new opportunities for drug discovery, large-scale drug screening, and precision medicine. Another major application of organoids is disease modeling, and especially various hereditary diseases that are difficult to model in vitro have been modeled with organoids by combining genome editing technologies. Herein, we introduce the development and current advances in the organoid technology field. We focus on the applications of organoids in basic biology and clinical research, and also highlight their limitations and future perspectives. We hope that this review can provide a valuable reference for the developments and applications of organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Yang
- Division of Biliary Tract SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Haijie Hu
- Division of Biliary Tract SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Hengchung Kung
- Krieger School of Arts and SciencesJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Ruiqi Zou
- Division of Biliary Tract SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Yushi Dai
- Division of Biliary Tract SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Yafei Hu
- Division of Biliary Tract SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan ProvinceWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Tianrun Lv
- Division of Biliary Tract SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Jun Yu
- Departments of MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Departments of OncologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Fuyu Li
- Division of Biliary Tract SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
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15
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Ietto G, Iori V, Gritti M, Inversini D, Costantino A, Izunza Barba S, Jiang ZG, Carcano G, Dalla Gasperina D, Pettinato G. Multicellular Liver Organoids: Generation and Importance of Diverse Specialized Cellular Components. Cells 2023; 12:1429. [PMID: 37408262 PMCID: PMC10217024 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Over 40,000 patients in the United States are estimated to suffer from end-stage liver disease and acute hepatic failure, for which liver transplantation is the only available therapy. Human primary hepatocytes (HPH) have not been employed as a therapeutic tool due to the difficulty in growing and expanding them in vitro, their sensitivity to cold temperatures, and tendency to dedifferentiate following two-dimensional culture. The differentiation of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into liver organoids (LO) has emerged as a potential alternative to orthotropic liver transplantation (OLT). However, several factors limit the efficiency of liver differentiation from hiPSCs, including a low proportion of differentiated cells capable of reaching a mature phenotype, the poor reproducibility of existing differentiation protocols, and insufficient long-term viability in vitro and in vivo. This review will analyze various methodologies being developed to improve hepatic differentiation from hiPSCs into liver organoids, paying particular attention to the use of endothelial cells as supportive cells for their further maturation. Here, we demonstrate why differentiated liver organoids can be used as a research tool for drug testing and disease modeling, or employed as a bridge for liver transplantation following liver failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Ietto
- General, Emergency and Transplant Surgery Department, ASST-Sette Laghi, 21100 Varese, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Innovation Technology (DiMIT), University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Valentina Iori
- General, Emergency and Transplant Surgery Department, ASST-Sette Laghi, 21100 Varese, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Innovation Technology (DiMIT), University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Mattia Gritti
- Department of General Surgery, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Inversini
- General, Emergency and Transplant Surgery Department, ASST-Sette Laghi, 21100 Varese, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Innovation Technology (DiMIT), University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Angelita Costantino
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy;
| | - Sofia Izunza Barba
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Z. Gordon Jiang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Giulio Carcano
- General, Emergency and Transplant Surgery Department, ASST-Sette Laghi, 21100 Varese, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Innovation Technology (DiMIT), University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Daniela Dalla Gasperina
- Department of Medicine and Innovation Technology (DiMIT), University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
- Department of Infectious Diseases, ASST-Sette Laghi, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pettinato
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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16
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Puigdevall P, Jerber J, Danecek P, Castellano S, Kilpinen H. Somatic mutations alter the differentiation outcomes of iPSC-derived neurons. CELL GENOMICS 2023; 3:100280. [PMID: 37082143 PMCID: PMC10112289 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2023.100280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
The use of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) as models for development and human disease has enabled the study of otherwise inaccessible tissues. A remaining challenge in developing reliable models is our limited understanding of the factors driving irregular differentiation of iPSCs, particularly the impact of acquired somatic mutations. We leveraged data from a pooled dopaminergic neuron differentiation experiment of 238 iPSC lines profiled with single-cell RNA and whole-exome sequencing to study how somatic mutations affect differentiation outcomes. We found that deleterious somatic mutations in key developmental genes, notably the BCOR gene, are strongly associated with failure in dopaminergic neuron differentiation and a larger proliferation rate in culture. We further identified broad differences in cell type composition between incorrectly and successfully differentiating lines, as well as significant changes in gene expression contributing to the inhibition of neurogenesis. Our work calls for caution in interpreting differentiation-related phenotypes in disease-modeling experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pau Puigdevall
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, PO Box 63, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Julie Jerber
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Petr Danecek
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Sergi Castellano
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Helena Kilpinen
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, PO Box 63, Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 1, PO Box 65, Helsinki 00014, Finland
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17
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Bhatti JS, Khullar N, Mishra J, Kaur S, Sehrawat A, Sharma E, Bhatti GK, Selman A, Reddy PH. Stem cells in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease - Promises and pitfalls. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166712. [PMID: 37030521 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most widespread form of neurodegenerative disorder that causes memory loss and multiple cognitive issues. The underlying mechanisms of AD include the build-up of amyloid-β and phosphorylated tau, synaptic damage, elevated levels of microglia and astrocytes, abnormal microRNAs, mitochondrial dysfunction, hormonal imbalance, and age-related neuronal loss. However, the etiology of AD is complex and involves a multitude of environmental and genetic factors. Currently, available AD medications only alleviate symptoms and do not provide a permanent cure. Therefore, there is a need for therapies that can prevent or reverse cognitive decline, brain tissue loss, and neural instability. Stem cell therapy is a promising treatment for AD because stem cells possess the unique ability to differentiate into any type of cell and maintain their self-renewal. This article provides an overview of the pathophysiology of AD and existing pharmacological treatments. This review article focuses on the role of various types of stem cells in neuroregeneration, the potential challenges, and the future of stem cell-based therapies for AD, including nano delivery and gaps in stem cell technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.
| | - Naina Khullar
- Department of Zoology, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India
| | - Jayapriya Mishra
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Satinder Kaur
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Abhishek Sehrawat
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Eva Sharma
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Gurjit Kaur Bhatti
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Ashley Selman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, 1301 Akron Ave, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
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18
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Tian Z, Yu T, Liu J, Wang T, Higuchi A. Introduction to stem cells. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 199:3-32. [PMID: 37678976 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells have self-renewal capability and can proliferate and differentiate into a variety of functionally active cells that can serve in various tissues and organs. This review discusses the history, definition, and classification of stem cells. Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) mainly include embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). Embryonic stem cells are derived from the inner cell mass of the embryo. Induced pluripotent stem cells are derived from reprogramming somatic cells. Pluripotent stem cells have the ability to differentiate into cells derived from all three germ layers (endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm). Adult stem cells can be multipotent or unipotent and can produce tissue-specific terminally differentiated cells. Stem cells can be used in cell therapy to replace and regenerate damaged tissues or organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Tao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China.
| | - Akon Higuchi
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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19
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Alternative lung cell model systems for toxicology testing strategies: Current knowledge and future outlook. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 147:70-82. [PMID: 36599788 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Due to the current relevance of pulmonary toxicology (with focus upon air pollution and the inhalation of hazardous materials), it is important to further develop and implement physiologically relevant models of the entire respiratory tract. Lung model development has the aim to create human relevant systems that may replace animal use whilst balancing cost, laborious nature and regulatory ambition. There is an imperative need to move away from rodent models and implement models that mimic the holistic characteristics important in lung function. The purpose of this review is therefore, to describe and identify the various alternative models that are being applied towards assessing the pulmonary toxicology of inhaled substances, as well as the current and potential developments of various advanced models and how they may be applied towards toxicology testing strategies. These models aim to mimic various regions of the lung, as well as implementing different exposure methods with the addition of various physiologically relevent conditions (such as fluid-flow and dynamic movement). There is further progress in the type of models used with focus on the development of lung-on-a-chip technologies and bioprinting, as well as and the optimization of such models to fill current knowledge gaps within toxicology.
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20
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Mattingly Z, Chetty S. Generation of Oligodendrocytes from Human Pluripotent and Embryonic Stem Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2683:89-101. [PMID: 37300769 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3287-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) and mature oligodendrocytes (OLs) can be generated using human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). By manipulating culture conditions, pluripotent cell types are serially guided through intermediary cell types, developing first into neural progenitor cells (NPCs) then OPCs before maturing as CNS-specific OLs. This procedure is conducted under adherent, feeder-free conditions to derive mature OLs in as few as 28 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Mattingly
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sundari Chetty
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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21
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Kdimati S, Bürtin F, Linnebacher M, Mullins CS. Patient-Derived Organoids for In Vivo Validation of In Vitro Data. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2589:111-126. [PMID: 36255621 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2788-4_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Patient-derived organoids are promising tumor models for functional validation of next-generation sequencing-based therapy recommendations. In times of rapidly advancing precision oncology approaches in everyday clinical processes, reliable and valid tumor models are required. Tumor organoids consist of tumor "stem" cells, differentiated (epithelial) tumor, and stroma cells. The cellular architecture and interactions closely mimic the original patient tumor. These organoids can be implanted into immunodeficient mice, generating patient-derived organoid-derived xenografts, thus enabling in vitro to in vivo transfer. Most importantly, the high clinical relevance of PDO models is maintained in this conversion. This protocol describes in detail the methods and techniques as well as the materials necessary to generate in vitro PDO and in vivo PDO-derived xenograft models. The elaborate process description starts with the processing of freshly obtained tumor tissue. The proceedings include tissue processing, organoid culturing, PDO implantation into immunodeficient mice, tumor explantation, and finally tumor preservation. All these proceedings are described in this timely chronological order. This protocol will enable researchers to generate PDO models from freshly received tumor tissue and generate PDO-derived xenografts. Models generated according to these methods are suitable for a very broad research spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Kdimati
- Department of General Surgery, Molecular Oncology and Immunotherapy, Rostock, Germany
| | - Florian Bürtin
- Department of General Surgery, Molecular Oncology and Immunotherapy, Rostock, Germany
| | - Michael Linnebacher
- Department of General Surgery, Molecular Oncology and Immunotherapy, Rostock, Germany
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22
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Cesare E, Urciuolo A, Stuart HT, Torchio E, Gesualdo A, Laterza C, Gagliano O, Martewicz S, Cui M, Manfredi A, Di Filippo L, Sabatelli P, Squarzoni S, Zorzan I, Betto RM, Martello G, Cacchiarelli D, Luni C, Elvassore N. 3D ECM-rich environment sustains the identity of naive human iPSCs. Cell Stem Cell 2022; 29:1703-1717.e7. [PMID: 36459970 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2022.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The establishment of in vitro naive human pluripotent stem cell cultures opened new perspectives for the study of early events in human development. The role of several transcription factors and signaling pathways have been characterized during maintenance of human naive pluripotency. However, little is known about the role exerted by the extracellular matrix (ECM) and its three-dimensional (3D) organization. Here, using an unbiased and integrated approach combining microfluidic cultures with transcriptional, proteomic, and secretome analyses, we found that naive, but not primed, hiPSC colonies are characterized by a self-organized ECM-rich microenvironment. Based on this, we developed a 3D culture system that supports robust long-term feeder-free self-renewal of naive hiPSCs and also allows direct and timely developmental morphogenesis simply by modulating the signaling environment. Our study opens new perspectives for future applications of naive hiPSCs to study critical stages of human development in 3D starting from a single cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Cesare
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 6/a Via Gradenigo, Padova 35131, Italy; Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 2 Via Orus, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Anna Urciuolo
- University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK; Institute of Pediatric Research IRP, Corso Stati Uniti, Padova 35127, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Hannah T Stuart
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 6/a Via Gradenigo, Padova 35131, Italy; Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 2 Via Orus, Padova 35131, Italy; The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK; Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Campus-Vienna-BioCenter 1, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Erika Torchio
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 2 Via Orus, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Alessia Gesualdo
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 6/a Via Gradenigo, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Cecilia Laterza
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 6/a Via Gradenigo, Padova 35131, Italy; Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 2 Via Orus, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Onelia Gagliano
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 6/a Via Gradenigo, Padova 35131, Italy; Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 2 Via Orus, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Sebastian Martewicz
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Meihua Cui
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Anna Manfredi
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli, Italy; Next Generation Diagnostic srl, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Lucio Di Filippo
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli, Italy; Next Generation Diagnostic srl, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Patrizia Sabatelli
- CNR - Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza" - Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS-Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Squarzoni
- CNR - Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza" - Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS-Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Irene Zorzan
- Epigenetics Programme, Babraham Institute, CB22 3AT Cambridge, UK
| | - Riccardo M Betto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Graziano Martello
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via G. Colombo 3, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Davide Cacchiarelli
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Pozzuoli, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy; School for Advanced Studies, Genomics and Experimental Medicine Program, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Camilla Luni
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, 393 Middle Huaxia Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, China; Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering (DICAM), University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, Bologna 40131, Italy
| | - Nicola Elvassore
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 6/a Via Gradenigo, Padova 35131, Italy; Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 2 Via Orus, Padova 35131, Italy; University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK.
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23
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Efficient reprogramming of human fibroblasts using RNA reprogramming with DAPT and iDOT1L under normoxia conditions. Regen Ther 2022; 21:389-397. [PMID: 36196449 PMCID: PMC9493288 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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24
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Human embryonic stem cell-specific role of YAP in maintenance of self-renewal and survival. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:544. [PMID: 36219276 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04558-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have unique characteristics, such as self-renewal and pluripotency, which are distinct from those of other cell types. These characteristics of hESCs are tightly regulated by complex signaling mechanisms. In this study, we demonstrate that yes-associated protein (YAP) functions in an hESC-specific manner to maintain self-renewal and survival in hESCs. hESCs were highly sensitive to YAP downregulation to promote cell survival. Interestingly, hESCs displayed dynamic changes in YAP expression in response to YAP downregulation. YAP was critical for the maintenance of self-renewal. Additionally, the function of YAP in maintenance of self-renewal and cell survival was hESC-specific. Doxycycline upregulated YAP in hESCs and attenuated the decreased cell survival induced by YAP downregulation. However, decreased expression of self-renewal markers triggered by YAP downregulation and neural/cardiac differentiation were affected by doxycycline treatment. Collectively, the results reveal the mechanism underlying the role of YAP and the novel function of doxycycline in hESCs.
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25
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Pospíšil J, Hrabovský M, Bohačiaková D, Hovádková Z, Jurásek M, Mlčoušková J, Paruch K, Nevolová Š, Damborsky J, Hampl A, Jaros J. Geometric Control of Cell Behavior by Biomolecule Nanodistribution. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:4789-4806. [PMID: 36202388 PMCID: PMC9667466 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Many dynamic interactions within the cell microenvironment
modulate
cell behavior and cell fate. However, the pathways and mechanisms
behind cell–cell or cell–extracellular matrix interactions
remain understudied, as they occur at a nanoscale level. Recent progress
in nanotechnology allows for mimicking of the microenvironment at
nanoscale in vitro; electron-beam lithography (EBL)
is currently the most promising technique. Although this nanopatterning
technique can generate nanostructures of good quality and resolution,
it has resulted, thus far, in the production of only simple shapes
(e.g., rectangles) over a relatively small area (100 × 100 μm),
leaving its potential in biological applications unfulfilled. Here,
we used EBL for cell-interaction studies by coating cell-culture-relevant
material with electron-conductive indium tin oxide, which formed nanopatterns
of complex nanohexagonal structures over a large area (500 ×
500 μm). We confirmed the potential of EBL for use in cell-interaction
studies by analyzing specific cell responses toward differentially
distributed nanohexagons spaced at 1000, 500, and 250 nm. We found
that our optimized technique of EBL with HaloTags enabled the investigation
of broad changes to a cell-culture-relevant surface and can provide
an understanding of cellular signaling mechanisms at a single-molecule
level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Pospíšil
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic.,Core Facility Cellular Imaging, CEITEC, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Miloš Hrabovský
- TESCAN Orsay Holding a.s., Libušina tř. 863, Brno 623 00, Czech Republic
| | - Dáša Bohačiaková
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekařská 53, Brno 656 91, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Jarmila Mlčoušková
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Paruch
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekařská 53, Brno 656 91, Czech Republic.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Šárka Nevolová
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekařská 53, Brno 656 91, Czech Republic.,Loschmidt Laboratories, Department of Experimental Biology and Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Damborsky
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekařská 53, Brno 656 91, Czech Republic.,Loschmidt Laboratories, Department of Experimental Biology and Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Hampl
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekařská 53, Brno 656 91, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Jaros
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekařská 53, Brno 656 91, Czech Republic
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26
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Xu X, Feng Q, Ma X, Deng Y, Zhang K, Ooi HS, Yang B, Zhang ZY, Feng B, Bian L. Dynamic gelatin-based hydrogels promote the proliferation and self-renewal of embryonic stem cells in long-term 3D culture. Biomaterials 2022; 289:121802. [PMID: 36152514 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Long-term maintenance of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in the undifferentiated state is still challenging. Compared with traditional 2D culture methods, 3D culture in biomaterials such as hydrogels is expected to better support the long-term self-renewal of ESCs by emulating the biophysical and biochemical properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Although prior studies showed that soft and degradable hydrogels favor the 3D growth of ESCs, few studies have examined the impact of the structural dynamics of the hydrogel matrix on ESC behaviors. Herein, we report a gelatin-based structurally dynamic hydrogel (GelCD hydrogel) that emulates the intrinsic structural dynamics of the ECM. Compared with covalently crosslinked gelatin hydrogels (GelMA hydrogels) with similar stiffness and biodegradability, GelCD hydrogels significantly promote the clonal expansion and viability of encapsulated mouse ESCs (mESCs) independent of MMP-mediated hydrogel degradation. Furthermore, GelCD hydrogels better maintain the pluripotency of encapsulated mESCs than do traditional 2D culture methods that use MEF feeder cells or medium supplementation with GSK3β and MEK 1/2 inhibitors (2i). When cultured in GelCD hydrogels for an extended period (over 2 months) with cell passaging every 7 days, mESCs preserve their normal morphology and maintain their pluripotency and full differentiation capability. Our findings highlight the critical role of the structural dynamics of the hydrogel matrix in accommodating the volume expansion that occurs during clonal ESC growth, and we believe that our dynamic hydrogels represent a valuable tool to support the long-term 3D culture of ESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiayi Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China.
| | - Qian Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Xun Ma
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences Limited, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Yingrui Deng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Kunyu Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China; School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 511442, China
| | - Hon Son Ooi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Boguang Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Zhang
- Translational Research Centre of Regenerative Medicine and 3D Printing of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510150, China.
| | - Bo Feng
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences Limited, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (iTERM), CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China; Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Liming Bian
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 511442, China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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27
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Liu Y, Bertels S, Reischl M, Peravali R, Bastmeyer M, Popova AA, Levkin PA. Droplet Microarray Based Screening Identifies Proteins for Maintaining Pluripotency of hiPSCs. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200718. [PMID: 35799451 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are crucial for disease modeling, drug discovery, and personalized medicine. Animal-derived materials hinderapplications of hiPSCs in medical fields. Thus, novel and well-defined substrate coatings capable of maintaining hiPSC pluripotency are important for advancing biomedical applications of hiPSCs. Here a miniaturized droplet microarray (DMA) platform to investigate 11 well-defined proteins, their 55 binary and 165 ternary combinations for their ability to maintainpluripotency of hiPSCs when applied as a surface coating, is used. Using this screening approach, ten protein group coatings are identified, which promote significantly higher NANOG expression of hiPSCs in comparison with Matrigel coating. With two of the identified coatings, long-term pluripotency maintenance of hiPSCs and subsequent differentiation into three germ layers are achieved. Compared with conventional high-throughput screening (HTS) in 96-well plates, the DMA platform uses only 83 µL of protein solution (0.83 µg total protein) and only ≈2.8 × 105 cells, decreasing the amount of proteins and cells ≈860 and 25-fold, respectively. The identified proteins will be essential for research and applications using hiPSCs, while the DMA platform demonstrates great potential for miniaturized HTS of scarce cells or expensive materials such as recombinant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxi Liu
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Sarah Bertels
- Zoological Institute, Cell- and Neurobiology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Markus Reischl
- Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Ravindra Peravali
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Martin Bastmeyer
- Zoological Institute, Cell- and Neurobiology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.,Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Biological Information Processing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Anna A Popova
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Pavel A Levkin
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstraße 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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28
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Hersbach BA, Fischer DS, Masserdotti G, Deeksha, Mojžišová K, Waltzhöni T, Rodriguez-Terrones D, Heinig M, Theis FJ, Götz M, Stricker SH. Probing cell identity hierarchies by fate titration and collision during direct reprogramming. Mol Syst Biol 2022; 18:e11129. [PMID: 36106915 PMCID: PMC9476893 DOI: 10.15252/msb.202211129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the therapeutic promise of direct reprogramming, basic principles concerning fate erasure and the mechanisms to resolve cell identity conflicts remain unclear. To tackle these fundamental questions, we established a single‐cell protocol for the simultaneous analysis of multiple cell fate conversion events based on combinatorial and traceable reprogramming factor expression: Collide‐seq. Collide‐seq revealed the lack of a common mechanism through which fibroblast‐specific gene expression loss is initiated. Moreover, we found that the transcriptome of converting cells abruptly changes when a critical level of each reprogramming factor is attained, with higher or lower levels not contributing to major changes. By simultaneously inducing multiple competing reprogramming factors, we also found a deterministic system, in which titration of fates against each other yields dominant or colliding fates. By investigating one collision in detail, we show that reprogramming factors can disturb cell identity programs independent of their ability to bind their target genes. Taken together, Collide‐seq has shed light on several fundamental principles of fate conversion that may aid in improving current reprogramming paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bob A Hersbach
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Oberschleißheim, Germany.,Division of Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany.,Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Biocenter, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - David S Fischer
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Oberschleißheim, Germany.,TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany.,Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Giacomo Masserdotti
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Oberschleißheim, Germany.,Division of Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Deeksha
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Oberschleißheim, Germany.,Division of Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Karolina Mojžišová
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Waltzhöni
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Oberschleißheim, Germany.,Core Facility Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Diego Rodriguez-Terrones
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Oberschleißheim, Germany
| | - Matthias Heinig
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Oberschleißheim, Germany.,Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Fabian J Theis
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Oberschleißheim, Germany.,TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany.,Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Excellence Cluster of Systems Neurology, Biomedical Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Magdalena Götz
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Oberschleißheim, Germany.,Division of Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany.,German Excellence Cluster of Systems Neurology, Biomedical Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan H Stricker
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Oberschleißheim, Germany.,Division of Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
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29
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Alsobaie S, Alsobaie T, Mantalaris S. Rho-Associated Protein Kinase Inhibitor and Hypoxia Synergistically Enhance the Self-Renewal, Survival Rate, and Proliferation of Human Stem Cells. STEM CELLS AND CLONING: ADVANCES AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 15:43-52. [PMID: 35812359 PMCID: PMC9259205 DOI: 10.2147/sccaa.s365776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Introduction High-efficacy single-cell cloning of human-induced pluripotent cells (IPSCs) remains a major challenge. The development of a culture method that supports single-cell passaging while maintaining reproducibility, homogeneity, scalability, and cell expansion to clinically relevant numbers is necessary for clinical application. Methods To address this issue, we combined the use of the rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor Y-27632 and hypoxic conditions in culture to produce a novel, efficient single-cell culture method for human IPSCs and embryonic stem cells. Results Through immunocytochemistry, alkaline phosphatase assays, and flow cytometry, we demonstrated that our method enabled high single-cell proliferation while maintaining self-renewal and pluripotency abilities. Discussion We showed the beneficial effect of the interaction between hypoxia and ROCK inhibition in regulating cell proliferation, pluripotency, and single-cell survival of pluripotent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Alsobaie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Sarah Alsobaie, Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, King Saud University, Prince Turki Alawal Street, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966 507191011, Fax +966 114677580, Email
| | - Tamador Alsobaie
- Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Sakis Mantalaris
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
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30
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Ferdousi F, Sasaki K, Xu D, Zheng YW, Szele FG, Isoda H. Editorial: Directing Stem Cell Fate Using Plant Extracts and Their Bioactive Compounds. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:957601. [PMID: 35846354 PMCID: PMC9277474 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.957601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Ferdousi
- AIST-University of Tsukuba Open Innovation Laboratory for Food and Medicinal Resource Engineering (FoodMed-OIL), AIST, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kazunori Sasaki
- AIST-University of Tsukuba Open Innovation Laboratory for Food and Medicinal Resource Engineering (FoodMed-OIL), AIST, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Dongzhu Xu
- AIST-University of Tsukuba Open Innovation Laboratory for Food and Medicinal Resource Engineering (FoodMed-OIL), AIST, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Cardiovascular Division, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yun-Wen Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Francis G Szele
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hiroko Isoda
- AIST-University of Tsukuba Open Innovation Laboratory for Food and Medicinal Resource Engineering (FoodMed-OIL), AIST, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- *Correspondence: Hiroko Isoda,
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31
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Dang Le Q, Rodprasert W, Kuncorojakti S, Pavasant P, Osathanon T, Sawangmake C. In vitro generation of transplantable insulin-producing cells from canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9127. [PMID: 35650303 PMCID: PMC9160001 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13114-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine mesenchymal stem cells (cMSCs) have potential applications for regenerative therapy, including the generation of insulin-producing cells (IPCs) for studying and treating diabetes. In this study, we established a useful protocol for generating IPCs from canine adipose mesenchymal stem cells (cAD-MSCs). Subsequently, in vitro preservation of pluronic F127-coated alginate (ALGPA)-encapsulated cAD-MSC-derived IPCs was performed to verify ready-to-use IPCs. IPCs were induced from cAD-MSCs with the modulated three-stepwise protocol. The first step of definitive endoderm (DE) induction showed that the cooperation of Chir99021 and Activin A created the effective production of Sox17-expressed DE cells. The second step for pancreatic endocrine (PE) progenitor induction from DE indicated that the treatment with taurine, retinoic acid, FGF2, EGF, TGFβ inhibitor, dorsomorphin, nicotinamide, and DAPT showed the significant upregulation of the pancreatic endocrine precursor markers Pdx1 and Ngn3. The last step of IPC production, the combination of taurine, nicotinamide, Glp-1, forskolin, PI3K inhibitor, and TGFβ inhibitor, yielded efficiently functional IPCs from PE precursors. Afterward, the maintenance of ALGPA-encapsulated cAD-MSC-derived IPCs with VSCBIC-1, a specialized medium, enhanced IPC properties. Conclusion, the modulated three-stepwise protocol generates the functional IPCs. Together, the encapsulation of cAD-MSC-derived IPCs and the cultivation with VSCBIC-1 enrich the maturation of generated IPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quynh Dang Le
- International Program of Veterinary Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Veterinary Pharmacology and Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Watchareewan Rodprasert
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Veterinary Pharmacology and Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suryo Kuncorojakti
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Veterinary Pharmacology and Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Prasit Pavasant
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Regenerative Dentistry (CERD), Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thanaphum Osathanon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Dental Stem Cell Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chenphop Sawangmake
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Veterinary Pharmacology and Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Veterinary Stem Cell and Bioengineering Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence in Regenerative Dentistry (CERD), Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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32
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Tannenbaum SE, Reubinoff BE. Advances in hPSC expansion towards therapeutic entities: A review. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13247. [PMID: 35638399 PMCID: PMC9357360 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
For use in regenerative medicine, large‐scale manufacturing of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) under current good manufacturing practice (cGMPs) is required. Much progress has been made since culturing under static two‐dimensional (2D) conditions on feeders, including feeder‐free cultures, conditioned and xeno‐free media, and three‐dimensional (3D) dynamic suspension expansion. With the advent of horizontal‐blade and vertical‐wheel bioreactors, scale‐out for large‐scale production of differentiated hPSCs became possible; control of aggregate size, shear stress, fluid hydrodynamics, batch‐feeding strategies, and other process parameters became a reality. Moving from substantially manipulated processes (i.e., 2D) to more automated ones allows easer compliance to current good manufacturing practices (cGMPs), and thus easier regulatory approval. Here, we review the current advances in the field of hPSC culturing, advantages, and challenges in bioreactor use, and regulatory areas of concern with respect to these advances. Manufacturing trends to reduce risk and streamline large‐scale manufacturing will bring about easier, faster regulatory approval for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly E Tannenbaum
- The Hadassah Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research Center, The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Benjamin E Reubinoff
- The Hadassah Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research Center, The Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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33
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Development of an efficient single-cell cloning and expansion strategy for genome edited induced pluripotent stem cells. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:7887-7898. [PMID: 35637316 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07621-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disease-specific human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can be generated directly from individuals with known disease characteristics or alternatively be modified using genome editing approaches to introduce disease causing genetic mutations to study the biological response of those mutations. The genome editing procedure in hiPSCs is still inefficient, particularly when it comes to homology directed repair (HDR) of genetic mutations or targeted transgene insertion in the genome and single cell cloning of edited cells. In addition, genome editing processes also involve additional cellular stresses such as poor cell viability and genetic stability of hiPSCs. Therefore, efficient workflows are desired to increase genome editing application to hiPSC disease models and therapeutic applications. METHODS AND RESULTS To this end, we demonstrate an efficient workflow for feeder-free single cell clone generation and expansion in both CRISPR-mediated knock-out (KO) and knock-in (KI) hiPSC lines. Using StemFlex medium and CloneR supplement in conjunction with Matrigel cell culture matrix, we show that cell viability and expansion during single-cell cloning in edited and unedited cells is significantly enhanced. Keeping all factors into account, we have successfully achieved hiPSC single-cell survival and cloning in both edited and unedited cells with rates as maximum as 70% in less than 2 weeks. CONCLUSION This simplified and efficient workflow will allow for a new level of sophistication in generating hiPSC-based disease models to promote rapid advancement in basic research and also the development of novel cellular therapeutics.
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Wu H, Tang X, Wang Y, Wang N, Chen Q, Xie J, Liu S, Zhong Z, Qiu Y, Situ P, Zern MA, Wang J, Chen H, Duan Y. Dextran sulfate prevents excess aggregation of human pluripotent stem cells in 3D culture by inhibiting ICAM1 expression coupled with down-regulating E-cadherin through activating the Wnt signaling pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:218. [PMID: 35619172 PMCID: PMC9137216 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02890-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have great potential in applications for regenerative medicine and drug development. However, 3D suspension culture systems for clinical-grade hPSC large-scale production have been a major challenge. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that the addition of dextran sulfate (DS) could prevent excessive adhesion of hPSCs from forming larger aggregates in 3D suspension culture. However, the signaling and molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain elusive. Methods By using a cell aggregate culture assay and separating big and small aggregates in suspension culture systems, the potential mechanism and downstream target genes of DS were investigated by mRNA sequence analysis, qRT-PCR validation, colony formation assay, and interference assay. Results Since cellular adhesion molecules (CAMs) play important roles in hPSC adhesion and aggregation, we assumed that DS might prevent excess adhesion through affecting the expression of CAMs in hPSCs. As expected, after DS treatment, we found that the expression of CAMs was significantly down-regulated, especially E-cadherin (E-cad) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1), two highly expressed CAMs in hPSCs. The role of E-cad in the adhesion of hPSCs has been widely investigated, but the function of ICAM1 in hPSCs is hardly understood. In the present study, we demonstrated that ICAM1 exhibited the capacity to promote the adhesion in hPSCs, and this adhesion was suppressed by the treatment with DS. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis of RNA-seq revealed that DS treatment up-regulated genes related to Wnt signaling resulting in the activation of Wnt signaling in which SLUG, TWIST, and MMP3/7 were highly expressed, and further inhibited the expression of E-cad. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that DS played an important role in controlling the size of hPSC aggregates in 3D suspension culture by inhibiting the expression of ICAM1 coupled with the down-regulation of E-cad through the activation of the Wnt signaling pathway. These results represent a significant step toward developing the expansion of hPSCs under 3D suspension condition in large-scale cultures. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-02890-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Wu
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 382 Waihuan East Road, Suite 406, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianglian Tang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 382 Waihuan East Road, Suite 406, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Birth Defects Prevention, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Genetic Diseases, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530003, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.,Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Guangxi Birth Defects Research and Prevention Institute, Nanning, 530003, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyu Wang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 382 Waihuan East Road, Suite 406, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Wang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 382 Waihuan East Road, Suite 406, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China
| | - Qicong Chen
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 382 Waihuan East Road, Suite 406, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghe Xie
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 382 Waihuan East Road, Suite 406, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China
| | - Shoupei Liu
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 382 Waihuan East Road, Suite 406, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Zhong
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 382 Waihuan East Road, Suite 406, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqi Qiu
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 382 Waihuan East Road, Suite 406, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Situ
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 382 Waihuan East Road, Suite 406, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China
| | - Mark A Zern
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Jue Wang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 382 Waihuan East Road, Suite 406, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Honglin Chen
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 382 Waihuan East Road, Suite 406, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China. .,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuyou Duan
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 382 Waihuan East Road, Suite 406, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China. .,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China.
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Ou M, Li Q, Ling X, Yao J, Mo X. Cocktail Formula and Application Prospects for Oral and Maxillofacial Organoids. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2022; 19:913-925. [PMID: 35612711 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-022-00455-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral and maxillofacial organoids (OMOs), tiny tissues and organs derived from stem cells cultured through 3-d cell culture models, can fully summarize the cell tissue structure, physiological functions and biological characteristics of the source tissues in the body. OMOs are applied in areas such as disease modelling, developmental and regenerative medicine, drug screening, personalized treatment, etc. Although the construction of organoids in various parts of the oral and maxillofacial (OM) region has achieved considerable success, the existing cocktail formulae (construction strategies) are not widely applicable for tissues of various sources due to factors including the heterogeneity of the source tissues and the dependence on laboratory technology. Most of their formulae are based on growth factor niches containing expensive recombinant proteins with their efficiency remaining to be improved. In view of this, the cocktail formulae of various parts of the OM organs are reviewed with further discussion of the application and prospects for those OMOs to find some affordable cocktail formula with strong operability and high repeatability for various maxillofacial organs. The results may help improve the efficiency of organoid construction in the laboratory and accelerate the pace of the clinical use of organoid technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Ou
- Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No. 98 Countryside Road, BaiseGuangxi, 533000, China.,Department of Stomatology, China Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No. 18 Second Zhongshan Road, BaiseGuangxi, 533000, China
| | - Qing Li
- Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No. 98 Countryside Road, BaiseGuangxi, 533000, China.,Department of Stomatology, China Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No. 18 Second Zhongshan Road, BaiseGuangxi, 533000, China
| | - Xiaofang Ling
- Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No. 98 Countryside Road, BaiseGuangxi, 533000, China.,Department of Stomatology, China Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No. 18 Second Zhongshan Road, BaiseGuangxi, 533000, China
| | - Jinguang Yao
- Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No. 98 Countryside Road, BaiseGuangxi, 533000, China. .,Department of Stomatology, China Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No. 18 Second Zhongshan Road, BaiseGuangxi, 533000, China.
| | - Xiaoqiang Mo
- Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No. 98 Countryside Road, BaiseGuangxi, 533000, China.
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36
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Ma Z, Toledo MAS, Wanek P, Elsafi Mabrouk MH, Smet F, Pulak R, Pieske S, Piotrowski T, Herfs W, Brecher C, Schmitt RH, Wagner W, Zenke M. Cell Cluster Sorting in Automated Differentiation of Patient-specific Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Towards Blood Cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:755983. [PMID: 35662848 PMCID: PMC9157239 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.755983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) represent a particularly versatile stem cell type for a large array of applications in biology and medicine. Taking full advantage of iPS cell technology requires high throughput and automated iPS cell culture and differentiation. We present an automated platform for efficient and robust iPS cell culture and differentiation into blood cells. We implemented cell cluster sorting for analysis and sorting of iPS cell clusters in order to establish clonal iPS cell lines with high reproducibility and efficacy. Patient-specific iPS cells were induced to differentiate towards hematopoietic cells via embryoid body (EB) formation. EB size impacts on iPS cell differentiation and we applied cell cluster sorting to obtain EB of defined size for efficient blood cell differentiation. In summary, implementing cell cluster sorting into the workflow of iPS cell cloning, growth and differentiation represent a valuable add-on for standard and automated iPS cell handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyao Ma
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marcelo Augusto Szymanskide Toledo
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Paul Wanek
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mohamed H. Elsafi Mabrouk
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Rock Pulak
- Union Biometrica, Holliston, MA, United States
| | - Simon Pieske
- Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Werner Herfs
- Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Brecher
- Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology, Aachen, Germany
| | - Robert H. Schmitt
- Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology, Aachen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wagner
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology and Cellular Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
| | - Martin Zenke
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical School, Aachen, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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37
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Yin F, Su W, Wang L, Hu Q. Microfluidic strategies for the blood-brain barrier construction and assessment. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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38
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Antarianto RD, Pragiwaksana A, Septiana WL, Mazfufah NF, Mahmood A. Hepatocyte Differentiation from iPSCs or MSCs in Decellularized Liver Scaffold: Cell–ECM Adhesion, Spatial Distribution, and Hepatocyte Maturation Profile. Organogenesis 2022; 18:2061263. [PMID: 35435152 PMCID: PMC9037523 DOI: 10.1080/15476278.2022.2061263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) have been reported to be able to differentiate to hepatocyte in vitro with varying degree of hepatocyte maturation. A simple method to decellularize liver scaffold has been established by the Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, in SCTE IMERI lab.15 This study aims to evaluate hepatocyte differentiation from iPSCs compared to MSCs derived in our decellularized liver scaffold. The research stages started with iPSC culture, decellularization, seeding cell culture into the scaffold, and differentiation into hepatocytes for 21 days. Hepatocyte differentiation from iPSCs and MSCs in the scaffolds was characterized using hematoxylin–eosin, Masson Trichrome, and immunohistochemistry staining to determine the fraction of the differentiation area. RNA samples were isolated on days 7 and 21. Expression of albumin, CYP450, and CK-19 genes were analyzed using the qRT-PCR method. Electron microscopy images were obtained by SEM. Immunofluorescence examination was done using HNF4-α and CEBPA markers. The results of this study in hepatocyte-differentiated iPSCs compared with hepatocyte-differentiated MSCs in decellularized liver scaffold showed lower adhesion capacity, single-cell-formation and adhered less abundant, decreased trends of albumin, and lower CYP450 expression. Several factors contribute to this result: lower initial seeding number, which causes only a few iPSCs to attach to certain parts of decellularized liver scaffold, and manual syringe injection for recellularization, which abruptly and unevenly creates pattern of single-cell-formation by hepatocyte-differentiated iPSC in the scaffold. Hepatocyte-differentiated MSCs have the advantage of higher adhesion capacity to collagen fiber decellularized liver scaffold. This leads to positive result: increase trends of albumin and higher CYP450 expression. Hepatocyte maturation is shown by diminishing CK-19, which is more prominent in hepatocyte-differentiated iPSCs in decellularized liver scaffold. Confirmation of mature hepatocyte-differentiated iPSCs in decellularized liver scaffold maturation is positive for HNF4-a and CEBPA. The conclusion of this study is hepatocyte-differentiated iPSCs in decellularized liver scaffold is mature with lower cell–ECM adhesion, spatial cell distribution, albumin, and CYP450 expression than hepatocyte-differentiated MSCs in decellularized liver scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radiana Dhewayani Antarianto
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Stem cell and tissue engineering research cluster, (IMERI) Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Jakarta Indonesia
- Program Doktor Ilmu Biomedik, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Adrian Pragiwaksana
- Program Master Ilmu Biomedik, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Wahyunia Likhayati Septiana
- Program Doktor Ilmu Biomedik, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gunadarma, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Nuzli Fahdia Mazfufah
- Stem cell and tissue engineering research cluster, (IMERI) Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Jakarta Indonesia
| | - Ameer Mahmood
- Stem cell unit Department of Anatomy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom Saudi Arabia
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Lee B, Jung S, Hashimura Y, Lee M, Borys BS, Dang T, Kallos MS, Rodrigues CAV, Silva TP, Cabral JMS. Cell Culture Process Scale-Up Challenges for Commercial-Scale Manufacturing of Allogeneic Pluripotent Stem Cell Products. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9030092. [PMID: 35324781 PMCID: PMC8945133 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9030092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic cell therapy products, such as therapeutic cells derived from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), have amazing potential to treat a wide variety of diseases and vast numbers of patients globally. However, there are various challenges related to manufacturing PSCs in single-use bioreactors, particularly at larger volumetric scales. This manuscript addresses these challenges and presents potential solutions to alleviate the anticipated bottlenecks for commercial-scale manufacturing of high-quality therapeutic cells derived from PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Lee
- PBS Biotech, Inc., Camarillo, CA 93012, USA; (S.J.); (Y.H.); (M.L.); (B.S.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Sunghoon Jung
- PBS Biotech, Inc., Camarillo, CA 93012, USA; (S.J.); (Y.H.); (M.L.); (B.S.B.)
| | - Yas Hashimura
- PBS Biotech, Inc., Camarillo, CA 93012, USA; (S.J.); (Y.H.); (M.L.); (B.S.B.)
| | - Maximilian Lee
- PBS Biotech, Inc., Camarillo, CA 93012, USA; (S.J.); (Y.H.); (M.L.); (B.S.B.)
| | - Breanna S. Borys
- PBS Biotech, Inc., Camarillo, CA 93012, USA; (S.J.); (Y.H.); (M.L.); (B.S.B.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (T.D.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Tiffany Dang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (T.D.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Michael S. Kallos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; (T.D.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Carlos A. V. Rodrigues
- iBB–Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences and Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.A.V.R.); (T.P.S.); (J.M.S.C.)
| | - Teresa P. Silva
- iBB–Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences and Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.A.V.R.); (T.P.S.); (J.M.S.C.)
| | - Joaquim M. S. Cabral
- iBB–Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences and Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (C.A.V.R.); (T.P.S.); (J.M.S.C.)
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Chakraborty AR, Vassilev A, Jaiswal SK, O'Connell CE, Ahrens JF, Mallon BS, Pera MF, DePamphilis ML. Selective elimination of pluripotent stem cells by PIKfyve specific inhibitors. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:397-412. [PMID: 35063131 PMCID: PMC8828683 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of PIKfyve phosphoinositide kinase selectively kills autophagy-dependent cancer cells by disrupting lysosome homeostasis. Here, we show that PIKfyve inhibitors can also selectively eliminate pluripotent embryonal carcinoma cells (ECCs), embryonic stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells under conditions where differentiated cells remain viable. PIKfyve inhibitors prevented lysosome fission, induced autophagosome accumulation, and reduced cell proliferation in both pluripotent and differentiated cells, but they induced death only in pluripotent cells. The ability of PIKfyve inhibitors to distinguish between pluripotent and differentiated cells was confirmed with xenografts derived from ECCs. Pretreatment of ECCs with the PIKfyve specific inhibitor WX8 suppressed their ability to form teratocarcinomas in mice, and intraperitoneal injections of WX8 into mice harboring teratocarcinoma xenografts selectively eliminated pluripotent cells. Differentiated cells continued to proliferate, but at a reduced rate. These results provide a proof of principle that PIKfyve specific inhibitors can selectively eliminate pluripotent stem cells in vivo as well as in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arup R Chakraborty
- National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 6A/3A15, 6 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-2790, USA
| | - Alex Vassilev
- National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 6A/3A15, 6 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-2790, USA
| | - Sushil K Jaiswal
- National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 6A/3A15, 6 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-2790, USA
| | - Constandina E O'Connell
- National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 6A/3A15, 6 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-2790, USA
| | - John F Ahrens
- National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 6A/3A15, 6 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-2790, USA
| | - Barbara S Mallon
- NIH Stem Cell Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Melvin L DePamphilis
- National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 6A/3A15, 6 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-2790, USA.
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41
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Raniga K, Vo NTN, Denning C. Differentiation and Characterization of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiac Endothelial Cells for In Vitro Applications. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2022; 2441:339-348. [PMID: 35099750 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2059-5_27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Various protocols have been developed to generate endothelial cells for disease modeling, angiogenesis, vascular regeneration, and drug screening. These protocols often require cell sorting, as most differentiation strategies result in a heterogenous population of endothelial cells (ECs). For any given model system, one important consideration is choosing the appropriate EC subtype, as different EC populations have unique molecular signatures.Herein, we describe a protocol for cardiac EC differentiation and a protocol for endothelial cell characterization. This protocol is aimed at investigating differentiation efficiency by measuring endothelial lineage markers, CD31, VE-Cadherin, and VEGFR2 by flow cytometry. Collectively, these protocols comprise the tools required to generate cardiac ECs efficiently and reproducibly from different hPSC lines without the need for cell sorting. Our protocol adds to the panel of hPSCs for cardiac EC differentiation and addresses reproducibility concerns of hPSC-based experiments. The approaches described are also applicable for complex model generation where multiple cardiovascular cell types are involved and may assist in optimizing differentiations for different cell lineages, including cardiomyocytes, cardiac endothelial cells, and cardiac fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Raniga
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Nguyen T N Vo
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Chris Denning
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
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42
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Hwang I, Jin HT, Kang MC, Kim TY, Sung YC, Kim SW. Generation and functional characterization of a multigene-modified NK101 cell line exerting diverse mechanisms of antitumor action. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2014655. [PMID: 36524207 PMCID: PMC9746629 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.2014655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Clonal cell line-based, multigene-modified, off-the-shelf NK cell therapeutics are emerging as the new frontier of adoptive cellular immunotherapy. Here, we utilized a newly established NK cell line, NK101, as a backbone to derive multifaceted killer cells armored with various antitumor modalities through repeated cycles of genetic modification and clonal selection. First, NK101 cells were transduced with a tricistronic lentiviral vector expressing CD7, CD28, and cytosine deaminase (CD). The resulting cell line demonstrated enhanced cytotoxicity against B7+ tumors and exerted bystander killing effects on neighboring tumor cells upon 5-FC treatment. Second, engineered NK101 cells were again transduced with a bicistronic vector expressing membrane-bound interleukin-15 (mbIL-15) and dominant negative TGFβ type II receptor (DNTβRII). Ectopic expression of mbIL-15 resulted in further augmentation of lytic activities against all tested target cells by inducing upregulation of multiple activating receptors, while that of DNTβRII allowed the cells to maintain heightened cytotoxicity in the presence of TGFβ. Finally, dual-transduced NK101 cells were modified to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) targeting either a solid tumor antigen (EpCAM) or a hematologic tumor antigen (FLT3). The final engineered products not only demonstrated antigen-specific killing activities in vitro but also exerted strong tumor-inhibitory effects in preclinical models of metastatic solid tumor and hematologic malignancy. Notably, combined treatment with 5-FC further enhanced antitumor efficacy of engineered NK101 in the solid tumor model. Our results demonstrate successful generation of multigene-modified NK101 cell therapeutics exerting diverse mechanisms of antitumor action - activation receptor-mediated innate killing, antigen-specific killing, and bystander effect-mediated killing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Injung Hwang
- SL BiGen, Inc., Research Institute, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Tak Jin
- Progen. Co., Ltd., Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Cheol Kang
- SL BiGen, Inc., Research Institute, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Yoon Kim
- SL BiGen, Inc., Research Institute, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Chul Sung
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Republic of Korea,Young Chul Sung Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae Won Kim
- SL BiGen, Inc., Research Institute, Incheon, Republic of Korea,CONTACT Sae Won Kim Sl BiGen, Inc, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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43
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Lim LY, Ching C, Kong D, Chan SY, Teo AKK. Generating pancreatic beta-like cells from human pluripotent stem cells. Methods Cell Biol 2022; 170:127-146. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2022.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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44
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DNA Microarray-Based Global Gene Expression Profiling in Human Amniotic Epithelial Cells Predicts the Potential of Microalgae-Derived Squalene for the Nervous System and Metabolic Health. Biomedicines 2021; 10:biomedicines10010048. [PMID: 35052729 PMCID: PMC8772846 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, perinatal stem cells, such as human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs), have attracted increasing interest as a novel tool of stem cell-based high-throughput drug screening. In the present study, we investigated the bioactivities of squalene (SQ) derived from ethanol extract (99.5%) of a microalgae Aurantiochytrium Sp. (EEA-SQ) in hAECs using whole-genome DNA microarray analysis. Tissue enrichment analysis showed that the brain was the most significantly enriched tissue by the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between EEA-SQ-treated and control hAECs. Further gene set enrichment analysis and tissue-specific functional analysis revealed biological functions related to nervous system development, neurogenesis, and neurotransmitter modulation. Several adipose tissue-specific genes and functions were also enriched. Gene-disease association analysis showed nervous system-, metabolic-, and immune-related diseases were enriched. Altogether, our study suggests the potential health benefits of microalgae-derived SQ and we would further encourage investigation in EEA-SQ and its derivatives as potential therapeutics for nervous system- and metabolism-related diseases.
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Castro-Viñuelas R, Sanjurjo-Rodríguez C, Piñeiro-Ramil M, Rodríguez-Fernández S, López-Baltar I, Fuentes-Boquete I, Blanco FJ, Díaz-Prado S. Tips and tricks for successfully culturing and adapting human induced pluripotent stem cells. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2021; 23:569-581. [PMID: 34901305 PMCID: PMC8640166 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Reprogramming somatic cells toward pluripotency became possible over a decade ago. Since then, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have served as a versatile and powerful tool not only for basic research but also with the long-term goal of using them in human cell transplantation after differentiation. Nonetheless, downstream applications are frequently blurred by the difficulties that researchers have to face when working with iPSCs, such as trouble with clonal selection, in vitro culture and cryopreservation, adaptation to feeder-free conditions, or expansion of the cells. Therefore, in this article we aim to provide other researchers with practical and detailed information to successfully culture and adapt iPSCs. Specifically, we (1) describe the most common problems when in-vitro culturing iPSCs onto feeder cells as well as its possible troubleshooting, and (2) compare different matrices and culture media for adapting the iPSCs to feeder-free conditions. We believe that the troubleshooting and recommendations provided in this article can be of use to other researchers working with iPSCs and who may be experiencing similar issues, hopefully enhancing the appeal of this promising cell source to be used for biomedical investigations, such as tissue engineering or regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Castro-Viñuelas
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of A Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research of A Coruña (INIBIC), University Hospital Complex A Coruña (CHUAC), Galician Health Service (SERGAS), 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.,Human Movement Biomechanics Group (HMBG), Tissue Homeostasis and Disease (THD) Lab, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center (SBE), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación estratégica CICA-INIBIC, University of A Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
| | - Clara Sanjurjo-Rodríguez
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of A Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research of A Coruña (INIBIC), University Hospital Complex A Coruña (CHUAC), Galician Health Service (SERGAS), 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación estratégica CICA-INIBIC, University of A Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Piñeiro-Ramil
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of A Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research of A Coruña (INIBIC), University Hospital Complex A Coruña (CHUAC), Galician Health Service (SERGAS), 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación estratégica CICA-INIBIC, University of A Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
| | - Silvia Rodríguez-Fernández
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of A Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research of A Coruña (INIBIC), University Hospital Complex A Coruña (CHUAC), Galician Health Service (SERGAS), 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación estratégica CICA-INIBIC, University of A Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
| | - Isidoro López-Baltar
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular y Radiobiología, Centro Oncológico de Galicia, 15009 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Isaac Fuentes-Boquete
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of A Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research of A Coruña (INIBIC), University Hospital Complex A Coruña (CHUAC), Galician Health Service (SERGAS), 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación estratégica CICA-INIBIC, University of A Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
| | - Francisco J Blanco
- Institute of Biomedical Research of A Coruña (INIBIC), University Hospital Complex A Coruña (CHUAC), Galician Health Service (SERGAS), 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación estratégica CICA-INIBIC, University of A Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain.,Tissular Bioengineering and Cell Therapy Unit (GBTTC-CHUAC), Rheumatology Group, 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
| | - Silvia Díaz-Prado
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of A Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research of A Coruña (INIBIC), University Hospital Complex A Coruña (CHUAC), Galician Health Service (SERGAS), 15006 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.,Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación estratégica CICA-INIBIC, University of A Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Chen X, Liu C, Muok L, Zeng C, Li Y. Dynamic 3D On-Chip BBB Model Design, Development, and Applications in Neurological Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:3183. [PMID: 34831406 PMCID: PMC8622822 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a vital structure for maintaining homeostasis between the blood and the brain in the central nervous system (CNS). Biomolecule exchange, ion balance, nutrition delivery, and toxic molecule prevention rely on the normal function of the BBB. The dysfunction and the dysregulation of the BBB leads to the progression of neurological disorders and neurodegeneration. Therefore, in vitro BBB models can facilitate the investigation for proper therapies. As the demand increases, it is urgent to develop a more efficient and more physiologically relevant BBB model. In this review, the development of the microfluidics platform for the applications in neuroscience is summarized. This article focuses on the characterizations of in vitro BBB models derived from human stem cells and discusses the development of various types of in vitro models. The microfluidics-based system and BBB-on-chip models should provide a better platform for high-throughput drug-screening and targeted delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchi Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; (X.C.); (C.L.); (L.M.)
- The High-Performance Materials Institute, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; (X.C.); (C.L.); (L.M.)
| | - Laureana Muok
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; (X.C.); (C.L.); (L.M.)
| | - Changchun Zeng
- The High-Performance Materials Institute, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
- Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA;
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA; (X.C.); (C.L.); (L.M.)
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Lee SY, Ma J, Khoo TS, Abdullah N, Nik Md Noordin Kahar NNF, Abdul Hamid ZA, Mustapha M. Polysaccharide-Based Hydrogels for Microencapsulation of Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:735090. [PMID: 34733829 PMCID: PMC8558675 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.735090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapy appears as a promising strategy to induce regeneration of damaged and diseased tissues. However, low survival, poor engraftment and a lack of site-specificity are major drawbacks. Polysaccharide hydrogels can address these issues and offer several advantages as cell delivery vehicles. They have become very popular due to their unique properties such as high-water content, biocompatibility, biodegradability and flexibility. Polysaccharide polymers can be physically or chemically crosslinked to construct biomimetic hydrogels. Their resemblance to living tissues mimics the native three-dimensional extracellular matrix and supports stem cell survival, proliferation and differentiation. Given the intricate nature of communication between hydrogels and stem cells, understanding their interaction is crucial. Cells are incorporated with polysaccharide hydrogels using various microencapsulation techniques, allowing generation of more relevant models and further enhancement of stem cell therapies. This paper provides a comprehensive review of human stem cells and polysaccharide hydrogels most used in regenerative medicine. The recent and advanced stem cell microencapsulation techniques, which include extrusion, emulsion, lithography, microfluidics, superhydrophobic surfaces and bioprinting, are described. This review also discusses current progress in clinical translation of stem-cell encapsulated polysaccharide hydrogels for cell delivery and disease modeling (drug testing and discovery) with focuses on musculoskeletal, nervous, cardiac and cancerous tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yuen Lee
- Department of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | - Jingyi Ma
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tze Sean Khoo
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, National University of Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Norfadhilatuladha Abdullah
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia
| | | | - Zuratul Ain Abdul Hamid
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Malaysia
| | - Muzaimi Mustapha
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
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Eugenis I, Wu D, Rando TA. Cells, scaffolds, and bioactive factors: Engineering strategies for improving regeneration following volumetric muscle loss. Biomaterials 2021; 278:121173. [PMID: 34619561 PMCID: PMC8556323 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Severe traumatic skeletal muscle injuries, such as volumetric muscle loss (VML), result in the obliteration of large amounts of skeletal muscle and lead to permanent functional impairment. Current clinical treatments are limited in their capacity to regenerate damaged muscle and restore tissue function, promoting the need for novel muscle regeneration strategies. Advances in tissue engineering, including cell therapy, scaffold design, and bioactive factor delivery, are promising solutions for VML therapy. Herein, we review tissue engineering strategies for regeneration of skeletal muscle, development of vasculature and nerve within the damaged muscle, and achievements in immunomodulation following VML. In addition, we discuss the limitations of current state of the art technologies and perspectives of tissue-engineered bioconstructs for muscle regeneration and functional recovery following VML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Eugenis
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair, and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair, and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair, and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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49
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Devi V. K. A, Shyam R, Palaniappan A, Jaiswal AK, Oh TH, Nathanael AJ. Self-Healing Hydrogels: Preparation, Mechanism and Advancement in Biomedical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3782. [PMID: 34771338 PMCID: PMC8587783 DOI: 10.3390/polym13213782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymeric hydrogels are widely explored materials for biomedical applications. However, they have inherent limitations like poor resistance to stimuli and low mechanical strength. This drawback of hydrogels gave rise to ''smart self-healing hydrogels'' which autonomously repair themselves when ruptured or traumatized. It is superior in terms of durability and stability due to its capacity to reform its shape, injectability, and stretchability thereby regaining back the original mechanical property. This review focuses on various self-healing mechanisms (covalent and non-covalent interactions) of these hydrogels, methods used to evaluate their self-healing properties, and their applications in wound healing, drug delivery, cell encapsulation, and tissue engineering systems. Furthermore, composite materials are used to enhance the hydrogel's mechanical properties. Hence, findings of research with various composite materials are briefly discussed in order to emphasize the healing capacity of such hydrogels. Additionally, various methods to evaluate the self-healing properties of hydrogels and their recent advancements towards 3D bioprinting are also reviewed. The review is concluded by proposing several pertinent challenges encountered at present as well as some prominent future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupama Devi V. K.
- Tissue Engineering Group, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India; (A.D.V.K.); (R.S.); (A.P.)
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rohin Shyam
- Tissue Engineering Group, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India; (A.D.V.K.); (R.S.); (A.P.)
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arunkumar Palaniappan
- Tissue Engineering Group, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India; (A.D.V.K.); (R.S.); (A.P.)
| | - Amit Kumar Jaiswal
- Tissue Engineering Group, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India; (A.D.V.K.); (R.S.); (A.P.)
| | - Tae-Hwan Oh
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea;
| | - Arputharaj Joseph Nathanael
- Tissue Engineering Group, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India; (A.D.V.K.); (R.S.); (A.P.)
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Human ESC-derived Neuromesodermal Progenitors (NMPs) Successfully Differentiate into Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs). Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 18:278-293. [PMID: 34669151 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10281-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), as an adult stem cell type, are used to treat various disorders in clinics. However, derivation of homogenous and adequate amount of MSCs limits the regenerative treatment potential. Although mesoderm is the main source of mesenchymal progenitors during embryonic development, neuromesodermal progenitors (NMPs), reside in the primitive streak during development, is known to differentiate into paraxial mesoderm. In the current study, we generated NMPs from human embryonic stem cells (hESC), subsequently derived MSCs and characterized this cell population in vitro and in vivo. Using a bFGF and CHIR induced NMP formation protocol followed by serum containing culture conditions; here we show that MSCs can be generated from NMPs identified by not only the expression of T/Bra and Sox 2 but also FLK-1/PDGFRα in our study. NMP-derived MSCs were plastic adherent fibroblast like cells with colony forming capacity and trilineage (osteo-, chondro- and adipo-genic) differentiation potential. In the present study, we demonstrate that NMP-derived MSCs have an endothelial tendency which might be related to their FLK-1+/PDGFRα + NMP origin. NMP-derived MSCs displayed a protein expression profile of characterized MSCs. Growth factor and angiogenesis related pathway proteins were similarly expressed in NMP-derived MSCs and characterized MSCs. NMP-derived MSCs keep characteristics after short-term and long-term freeze-thaw cycles and localized into bone marrow followed by tail vein injection into NOD/SCID mice. Together, these data showed that hESC-derived NMPs might be used as a precursor cell population for MSC derivation and could be used for in vitro and in vivo research.
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