1
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Chen HR, Sun Y, Mittler G, Rumpf T, Shvedunova M, Grosschedl R, Akhtar A. MOF-mediated PRDX1 acetylation regulates inflammatory macrophage activation. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114682. [PMID: 39207899 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Signaling-dependent changes in protein phosphorylation are critical to enable coordination of transcription and metabolism during macrophage activation. However, the role of acetylation in signal transduction during macrophage activation remains obscure. Here, we identify the redox signaling regulator peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) as a substrate of the lysine acetyltransferase MOF. MOF acetylates PRDX1 at lysine 197, preventing hyperoxidation and thus maintaining its activity under stress. PRDX1 K197ac responds to inflammatory signals, decreasing rapidly in mouse macrophages stimulated with bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) but not with interleukin (IL)-4 or IL-10. The LPS-induced decrease of PRDX1 K197ac elevates cellular hydrogen peroxide accumulation and augments ERK1/2, but not p38 or AKT, phosphorylation. Concomitantly, diminished PRDX1 K197ac stimulates glycolysis, potentiates H3 serine 28 phosphorylation, and ultimately enhances the production of pro-inflammatory mediators such as IL-6. Our work reveals a regulatory role for redox protein acetylation in signal transduction and coordinating metabolic and transcriptional programs during inflammatory macrophage activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ru Chen
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany; Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Yidan Sun
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Mittler
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Rumpf
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Maria Shvedunova
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Grosschedl
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Asifa Akhtar
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
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2
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Yu X, Wu H, Su J, Liu X, Liang K, Li Q, Yu R, Shao X, Wang H, Wang YL, Shyh-Chang N. Acetyl-CoA metabolism maintains histone acetylation for syncytialization of human placental trophoblast stem cells. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:1280-1297.e7. [PMID: 39084220 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
During pregnancy, placental-fetal nutrient allocation is crucial for fetal and maternal health. However, the regulatory mechanisms for nutrient metabolism and allocation in placental trophoblasts have remained unclear. Here, we used human first-trimester placenta samples and human trophoblast stem cells (hTSCs) to discover that glucose metabolism is highly active in hTSCs and cytotrophoblasts, but during syncytialization, it decreases to basal levels, remaining necessary for fueling acetyl-CoA and differentiation potential. Acetate supplementation could rescue syncytiotrophoblast fusion from glycolysis deficiency by replenishing acetyl-CoA and maintaining histone acetylation, thus rescuing the activation of syncytialization genes. Even brief glycolysis deficiency could permanently inhibit differentiation potential and promote inflammation, which could also be permanently rescued by brief acetate supplementation in vivo. These results suggest that hTSCs retain only basal glycolytic acetyl-CoA metabolism during syncytialization to regulate cell fates via nutrient-responsive histone acetylation, with implications for our understanding of the balance between placental and fetal nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Jiali Su
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Xupeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Kun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Ruoxuan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Xuan Shao
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China.
| | - Yan-Ling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China.
| | - Ng Shyh-Chang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China.
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3
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Fenelon JC. New insights into how to induce and maintain embryonic diapause in the blastocyst. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2024; 86:102192. [PMID: 38604005 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2024.102192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Embryonic diapause in mammals is a period of developmental pause of the embryo at the blastocyst stage. During diapause, the blastocyst has minimal cell proliferation, metabolic activity and gene expression. At reactivation, blastocyst development resumes, characterised by increases in cell number, biosynthesis and metabolism. Until recently, it has been unknown how diapause is maintained without any loss of blastocyst viability. This review focuses on recent progress in the identification of molecular pathways occurring in the blastocyst that can both cause and maintain the diapause state. A switch to lipid metabolism now appears essential to maintaining the diapause state and is induced by forkhead box protein O1. The forkhead box protein O transcription family is important for diapause in insects, nematodes and fish, but this is the first time a conclusive role has been established in mammals. Multiple epigenetic modifications are also essential to inducing and maintaining the diapause state, including both DNA and RNA methylation mechanisms. Finally, it now appears that diapause embryos, dormant stem cells and chemotherapeutic-resistant cancer cells may all share a universal system of quiescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane C Fenelon
- School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Colossal Biosciences, Dallas, Texas, United States.
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4
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Zhou H, Li I, Bramlett CS, Wang B, Hao J, Yen DP, Ando Y, Fraser SE, Lu R, Shen K. Label-free metabolic optical biomarkers track stem cell fate transition in real time. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadi6770. [PMID: 38718114 PMCID: PMC11078180 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi6770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Tracking stem cell fate transition is crucial for understanding their development and optimizing biomanufacturing. Destructive single-cell methods provide a pseudotemporal landscape of stem cell differentiation but cannot monitor stem cell fate in real time. We established a metabolic optical metric using label-free fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), feature extraction and machine learning-assisted analysis, for real-time cell fate tracking. From a library of 205 metabolic optical biomarker (MOB) features, we identified 56 associated with hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) differentiation. These features collectively describe HSC fate transition and detect its bifurcate lineage choice. We further derived a MOB score measuring the "metabolic stemness" of single cells and distinguishing their division patterns. This score reveals a distinct role of asymmetric division in rescuing stem cells with compromised metabolic stemness and a unique mechanism of PI3K inhibition in promoting ex vivo HSC maintenance. MOB profiling is a powerful tool for tracking stem cell fate transition and improving their biomanufacturing from a single-cell perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Irene Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Charles S. Bramlett
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Bowen Wang
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jia Hao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Daniel P. Yen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Yuta Ando
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Scott E. Fraser
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Translational Imaging Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Rong Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Keyue Shen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- USC Stem Cell, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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5
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Khoa LTP, Yang W, Shan M, Zhang L, Mao F, Zhou B, Li Q, Malcore R, Harris C, Zhao L, Rao RC, Iwase S, Kalantry S, Bielas SL, Lyssiotis CA, Dou Y. Quiescence enables unrestricted cell fate in naive embryonic stem cells. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1721. [PMID: 38409226 PMCID: PMC10897426 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46121-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Quiescence in stem cells is traditionally considered as a state of inactive dormancy or with poised potential. Naive mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can enter quiescence spontaneously or upon inhibition of MYC or fatty acid oxidation, mimicking embryonic diapause in vivo. The molecular underpinning and developmental potential of quiescent ESCs (qESCs) are relatively unexplored. Here we show that qESCs possess an expanded or unrestricted cell fate, capable of generating both embryonic and extraembryonic cell types (e.g., trophoblast stem cells). These cells have a divergent metabolic landscape comparing to the cycling ESCs, with a notable decrease of the one-carbon metabolite S-adenosylmethionine. The metabolic changes are accompanied by a global reduction of H3K27me3, an increase of chromatin accessibility, as well as the de-repression of endogenous retrovirus MERVL and trophoblast master regulators. Depletion of methionine adenosyltransferase Mat2a or deletion of Eed in the polycomb repressive complex 2 results in removal of the developmental constraints towards the extraembryonic lineages. Our findings suggest that quiescent ESCs are not dormant but rather undergo an active transition towards an unrestricted cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Tran Phuc Khoa
- Department of Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Wentao Yang
- Department of Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Mengrou Shan
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Fengbiao Mao
- Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, 1000 Wall St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Rebecca Malcore
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Clair Harris
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Lili Zhao
- Beaumont Hospital, Wayne, 33155 Annapolis St., Wayne, MI, 48184, USA
| | - Rajesh C Rao
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, 1000 Wall St., Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Shigeki Iwase
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Sundeep Kalantry
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Stephanie L Bielas
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Yali Dou
- Department of Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
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6
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van der Weijden VA, Stötzel M, Iyer DP, Fauler B, Gralinska E, Shahraz M, Meierhofer D, Vingron M, Rulands S, Alexandrov T, Mielke T, Bulut-Karslioglu A. FOXO1-mediated lipid metabolism maintains mammalian embryos in dormancy. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:181-193. [PMID: 38177284 PMCID: PMC10866708 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-023-01325-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Mammalian developmental timing is adjustable in vivo by preserving pre-implantation embryos in a dormant state called diapause. Inhibition of the growth regulator mTOR (mTORi) pauses mouse development in vitro, yet how embryonic dormancy is maintained is not known. Here we show that mouse embryos in diapause are sustained by using lipids as primary energy source. In vitro, supplementation of embryos with the metabolite L-carnitine balances lipid consumption, puts the embryos in deeper dormancy and boosts embryo longevity. We identify FOXO1 as an essential regulator of the energy balance in dormant embryos and propose, through meta-analyses of dormant cell signatures, that it may be a common regulator of dormancy across adult tissues. Our results lift a constraint on in vitro embryo survival and suggest that lipid metabolism may be a critical metabolic transition relevant for longevity and stem cell function across tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera A van der Weijden
- Stem Cell Chromatin Group, Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maximilian Stötzel
- Stem Cell Chromatin Group, Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dhanur P Iyer
- Stem Cell Chromatin Group, Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Beatrix Fauler
- Microscopy and Cryo-Electron Microscopy Facility, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elzbieta Gralinska
- Department of Computational Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
- Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Mohammed Shahraz
- Structural and Computational Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Meierhofer
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Vingron
- Department of Computational Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Steffen Rulands
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany
- Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Theodore Alexandrov
- Structural and Computational Biology, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Mielke
- Microscopy and Cryo-Electron Microscopy Facility, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aydan Bulut-Karslioglu
- Stem Cell Chromatin Group, Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.
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7
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Jackson BT, Finley LWS. Metabolic regulation of the hallmarks of stem cell biology. Cell Stem Cell 2024; 31:161-180. [PMID: 38306993 PMCID: PMC10842269 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Stem cells perform many different functions, each of which requires specific metabolic adaptations. Over the past decades, studies of pluripotent and tissue stem cells have uncovered a range of metabolic preferences and strategies that correlate with or exert control over specific cell states. This review aims to describe the common themes that emerge from the study of stem cell metabolism: (1) metabolic pathways supporting stem cell proliferation, (2) metabolic pathways maintaining stem cell quiescence, (3) metabolic control of cellular stress responses and cell death, (4) metabolic regulation of stem cell identity, and (5) metabolic requirements of the stem cell niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin T Jackson
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lydia W S Finley
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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8
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Guo X, Liang K, Xia L, Zhang X, Liu J, Wang C, Li J, Li X, Hou X, Chen L. Mof plays distinct roles in hepatic lipid metabolism under healthy or non-alcoholic fatty liver conditions. iScience 2023; 26:108446. [PMID: 38034359 PMCID: PMC10687339 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The disturbance of hepatic lipid metabolism has a strong association with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and diabetes. Mof, an acetyltransferase involved in obesity and carbon metabolism, has not been thoroughly examined in its connection to hepatic metabolism. We aimed to explore the impact of Mof on hepatic lipid metabolism. The alteration of Mof expression was found in both obese mice and NAFLD human liver. The genes regulated by Mof were closely associated with lipid metabolism. In normal mice or hepatic cells, the down-regulation or inhibition of Mof resulted in increased lipid accumulation due to decreased PPARα expression. Conversely, in diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice or hepatic cells treated with palmitic acid, the inhibition of Mof led to improved lipid metabolism, attributed to the reduction in p-mTOR/mTOR levels. In summary, Mof exhibited distinct roles in lipid metabolism under different conditions. The inhibition of Mof may hold potential as a therapeutic target for hepatic lipid metabolism disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghong Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Kai Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Longqing Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, Life Science School of Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Jinquan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiangzhi Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, Life Science School of Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Xinguo Hou
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
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9
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Saxena S, Dagar N, Shelke V, Lech M, Khare P, Gaikwad AB. Metabolic reprogramming: Unveiling the therapeutic potential of targeted therapies against kidney disease. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103765. [PMID: 37690600 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
As a high-metabolic-rate organ, the kidney exhibits metabolic reprogramming (MR) in various disease states. Given the >800 million cases of kidney disease worldwide in 2022, understanding the specific bioenergetic pathways involved and developing targeted interventions are vital needs. The reprogramming of metabolic pathways (glucose metabolism, amino acid metabolism, etc.) has been observed in kidney disease. Therapies targeting these specific pathways have proven to be an efficient approach for retarding kidney disease progression. In this review, we focus on potential pharmacological interventions targeting MR that have advanced through Phase III/IV clinical trials for the management of kidney disease and promising preclinical studies laying the groundwork for future clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhangi Saxena
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Neha Dagar
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Vishwadeep Shelke
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Maciej Lech
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Pragyanshu Khare
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India.
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10
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Guhathakurta S, Erdogdu NU, Hoffmann JJ, Grzadzielewska I, Schendzielorz A, Seyfferth J, Mårtensson CU, Corrado M, Karoutas A, Warscheid B, Pfanner N, Becker T, Akhtar A. COX17 acetylation via MOF-KANSL complex promotes mitochondrial integrity and function. Nat Metab 2023; 5:1931-1952. [PMID: 37813994 PMCID: PMC10663164 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00904-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Reversible acetylation of mitochondrial proteins is a regulatory mechanism central to adaptive metabolic responses. Yet, how such functionally relevant protein acetylation is achieved remains unexplored. Here we reveal an unprecedented role of the MYST family lysine acetyltransferase MOF in energy metabolism via mitochondrial protein acetylation. Loss of MOF-KANSL complex members leads to mitochondrial defects including fragmentation, reduced cristae density and impaired mitochondrial electron transport chain complex IV integrity in primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts. We demonstrate COX17, a complex IV assembly factor, as a bona fide acetylation target of MOF. Loss of COX17 or expression of its non-acetylatable mutant phenocopies the mitochondrial defects observed upon MOF depletion. The acetylation-mimetic COX17 rescues these defects and maintains complex IV activity even in the absence of MOF, suggesting an activatory role of mitochondrial electron transport chain protein acetylation. Fibroblasts from patients with MOF syndrome who have intellectual disability also revealed respiratory defects that could be restored by alternative oxidase, acetylation-mimetic COX17 or mitochondrially targeted MOF. Overall, our findings highlight the critical role of MOF-KANSL complex in mitochondrial physiology and provide new insights into MOF syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Guhathakurta
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Niyazi Umut Erdogdu
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Juliane J Hoffmann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Iga Grzadzielewska
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Janine Seyfferth
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph U Mårtensson
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mauro Corrado
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Adam Karoutas
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bettina Warscheid
- Institute of Biology II, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signaling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Theodor Boveri-Institute, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Pfanner
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signaling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Asifa Akhtar
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany.
- Signaling Research Centers BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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11
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Easwaran S, Montell DJ. The molecular mechanisms of diapause and diapause-like reversible arrest. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:1847-1856. [PMID: 37800560 PMCID: PMC10657177 DOI: 10.1042/bst20221431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Diapause is a protective mechanism that many organisms deploy to overcome environmental adversities. Diapause extends lifespan and fertility to enhance the reproductive success and survival of the species. Although diapause states have been known and employed for commercial purposes, for example in the silk industry, detailed molecular and cell biological studies are an exciting frontier. Understanding diapause-like protective mechanisms will shed light on pathways that steer organisms through adverse conditions. One hope is that an understanding of the mechanisms that support diapause might be leveraged to extend the lifespan and/or health span of humans as well as species threatened by climate change. In addition, recent findings suggest that cancer cells that persist after treatment mimic diapause-like states, implying that these programs may facilitate cancer cell survival from chemotherapy and cause relapse. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms underlying diapause programs in a variety of organisms, and we discuss pathways supporting diapause-like states in tumor persister cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreesankar Easwaran
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, U.S.A
| | - Denise J. Montell
- Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, U.S.A
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12
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Yi Y, Lan X, Li Y, Yan C, Lv J, Zhang T, Jiang W. Fatty acid synthesis and oxidation regulate human endoderm differentiation by mediating SMAD3 nuclear localization via acetylation. Dev Cell 2023; 58:1670-1687.e4. [PMID: 37516106 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic remodeling is one of the earliest events that occur during cell differentiation. Here, we define fatty acid metabolism as a key player in definitive endoderm differentiation from human embryonic stem cells. Fatty acid β-oxidation is enhanced while lipogenesis is decreased, and this is due to the phosphorylation of lipogenic enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase by AMPK. More importantly, inhibition of fatty acid synthesis by either its inhibitors or AMPK agonist significantly promotes human endoderm differentiation, while blockade of fatty acid oxidation impairs differentiation. Mechanistically, reduced de novo fatty acid synthesis and enhanced fatty acid β-oxidation both contribute to the accumulation of intracellular acetyl-CoA, which guarantees the acetylation of SMAD3 and further causes nuclear localization to promote endoderm differentiation. Thus, our current study identifies a fatty acid synthesis/oxidation shift during early differentiation and presents an instructive role for fatty acid metabolism in regulating human endoderm differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yi
- Department of Biological Repositories, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xianchun Lan
- Department of Biological Repositories, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yinglei Li
- Department of Biological Repositories, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Chenchao Yan
- Department of Biological Repositories, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jing Lv
- Department of Biological Repositories, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; College of Life Science, Cangzhou Normal University, Cangzhou 061000, China
| | - Tianzhe Zhang
- Department of Biological Repositories, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Biological Repositories, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan 430071, China.
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13
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Choi J, Zhang X, Li W, Houston M, Peregrina K, Dubin R, Ye K, Augenlicht L. Dynamic Intestinal Stem Cell Plasticity and Lineage Remodeling by a Nutritional Environment Relevant to Human Risk for Tumorigenesis. Mol Cancer Res 2023; 21:808-824. [PMID: 37097719 PMCID: PMC10390890 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-22-1000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
New Western-style diet 1 (NWD1), a purified diet establishing mouse exposure to key nutrients recapitulating levels that increase human risk for intestinal cancer, reproducibly causes mouse sporadic intestinal and colonic tumors reflecting human etiology, incidence, frequency, and lag with developmental age. Complex NWD1 stem cell and lineage reprogramming was deconvolved by bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing, single-cell Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin using sequencing, functional genomics, and imaging. NWD1 extensively, rapidly, and reversibly, reprogrammed Lgr5hi stem cells, epigenetically downregulating Ppargc1a expression, altering mitochondrial structure and function. This suppressed Lgr5hi stem cell functions and developmental maturation of Lgr5hi cell progeny as cells progressed through progenitor cell compartments, recapitulated by Ppargc1a genetic inactivation in Lgr5hi cells in vivo. Mobilized Bmi1+, Ascl2hi cells adapted lineages to the nutritional environment and elevated antigen processing and presentation pathways, especially in mature enterocytes, causing chronic, protumorigenic low-level inflammation. There were multiple parallels between NWD1 remodeling of stem cells and lineages with pathogenic mechanisms in human inflammatory bowel disease, also protumorigenic. Moreover, the shift to alternate stem cells reflects that the balance between Lgr5-positive and -negative stem cells in supporting human colon tumors is determined by environmental influences. Stem cell and lineage plasticity in response to nutrients supports historic concepts of homeostasis as a continual adaptation to environment, with the human mucosa likely in constant flux in response to changing nutrient exposures. IMPLICATIONS Although oncogenic mutations provide a competitive advantage to intestinal epithelial cells in clonal expansion, the competition is on a playing field dynamically sculpted by the nutritional environment, influencing which cells dominate in mucosal maintenance and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahn Choi
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Xusheng Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Wenge Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Michele Houston
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Karina Peregrina
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Robert Dubin
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Kenny Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Leonard Augenlicht
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
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14
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Wang D, Li H, Chandel NS, Dou Y, Yi R. MOF-mediated histone H4 Lysine 16 acetylation governs mitochondrial and ciliary functions by controlling gene promoters. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4404. [PMID: 37479688 PMCID: PMC10362062 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40108-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone H4 lysine 16 acetylation (H4K16ac), governed by the histone acetyltransferase MOF, orchestrates gene expression regulation and chromatin interaction. However, the roles of MOF and H4K16ac in controlling cellular function and regulating mammalian tissue development remain unclear. Here we show that conditional deletion of Mof in the skin, but not Kansl1, causes severe defects in the self-renewal of basal epithelial progenitors, epidermal differentiation, and hair follicle growth, resulting in barrier defects and perinatal lethality. MOF-regulated genes are highly enriched for essential functions in the mitochondria and cilia. Genetic deletion of Uqcrq, an essential subunit for the electron transport chain (ETC) Complex III, in the skin, recapitulates the defects in epidermal differentiation and hair follicle growth observed in MOF knockout mouse. Together, this study reveals the requirement of MOF-mediated epigenetic mechanism for regulating mitochondrial and ciliary gene expression and underscores the important function of the MOF/ETC axis for mammalian skin development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Haimin Li
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Yali Dou
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Rui Yi
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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15
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Cui G, Zhou J, Sun J, Kou X, Su Z, Xu Y, Liu T, Sun L, Li W, Wu X, Wei Q, Gao S, Shi K. WD repeat domain 82 (Wdr82) facilitates mouse iPSCs generation by interfering mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:218. [PMID: 37470863 PMCID: PMC10359378 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04871-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abundantly expressed factors in the oocyte cytoplasm can remarkably reprogram terminally differentiated germ cells or somatic cells into totipotent state within a short time. However, the mechanism of the different factors underlying the reprogramming process remains uncertain. METHODS On the basis of Yamanaka factors OSKM induction method, MEF cells were induced and reprogrammed into iPSCs under conditions of the oocyte-derived factor Wdr82 overexpression and/or knockdown, so as to assess the reprogramming efficiency. Meanwhile, the cellular metabolism was monitored and evaluated during the reprogramming process. The plurpotency of the generated iPSCs was confirmed via pluripotent gene expression detection, embryoid body differentiation and chimeric mouse experiment. RESULTS Here, we show that the oocyte-derived factor Wdr82 promotes the efficiency of MEF reprogramming into iPSCs to a greater degree than the Yamanaka factors OSKM. The Wdr82-expressing iPSC line showed pluripotency to differentiate and transmit genetic material to chimeric offsprings. In contrast, the knocking down of Wdr82 can significantly reduce the efficiency of somatic cell reprogramming. We further demonstrate that the significant suppression of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria underlies the molecular mechanism by which Wdr82 promotes the efficiency of somatic cell reprogramming. Our study suggests a link between mitochondrial energy metabolism remodeling and cell fate transition or stem cell function maintenance, which might shed light on the embryonic development and stem cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guina Cui
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jingxuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Jiatong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaochen Kou
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhongqu Su
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yiliang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Tingjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Lili Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Wenhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Xuanning Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Qingqing Wei
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Shaorong Gao
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Kerong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China.
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16
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Rubalcava-Gracia D, García-Villegas R, Larsson NG. No role for nuclear transcription regulators in mammalian mitochondria? Mol Cell 2023; 83:832-842. [PMID: 36182692 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Although the mammalian mtDNA transcription machinery is simple and resembles bacteriophage systems, there are many reports that nuclear transcription regulators, as exemplified by MEF2D, MOF, PGC-1α, and hormone receptors, are imported into mammalian mitochondria and directly interact with the mtDNA transcription machinery. However, the supporting experimental evidence for this concept is open to alternate interpretations, and a main issue is the difficulty in distinguishing indirect regulation of mtDNA transcription, caused by altered nuclear gene expression, from direct intramitochondrial effects. We provide a critical discussion and experimental guidelines to stringently assess roles of intramitochondrial factors implicated in direct regulation of mammalian mtDNA transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Rubalcava-Gracia
- Division of Molecular Metabolism, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rodolfo García-Villegas
- Division of Molecular Metabolism, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nils-Göran Larsson
- Division of Molecular Metabolism, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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17
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KAT8 acetylation-controlled lipolysis affects the invasive and migratory potential of colorectal cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:164. [PMID: 36849520 PMCID: PMC9970984 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05582-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms involved in gene expression play an essential role in various cellular processes, including lipid metabolism. Lysine acetyltransferase 8 (KAT8), a histone acetyltransferase, has been reported to mediate de novo lipogenesis by acetylating fatty acid synthase. However, the effect of KAT8 on lipolysis is unclear. Here, we report a novel mechanism of KAT8 on lipolysis involving in its acetylation by general control non-repressed protein 5 (GCN5) and its deacetylation by Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6). KAT8 acetylation at K168/175 residues attenuates the binding activity of KAT8 and inhibits the recruitment of RNA pol II to the promoter region of the lipolysis-related genes adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), subsequently down-regulating lipolysis to affect the invasive and migratory potential of colorectal cancer cells. Our findings uncover a novel mechanism that KAT8 acetylation-controlled lipolysis affects invasive and migratory potential in colorectal cancer cells.
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18
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Li Q, Chen G, Jiang H, Dai H, Li D, Zhu K, Zhang K, Shen H, Xu H, Li S. ITGB3 promotes cisplatin resistance in osteosarcoma tumors. Cancer Med 2023; 12:8452-8463. [PMID: 36772869 PMCID: PMC10134362 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteosarcoma is the most malignant and common primary bone tumor with a high rate of recurrence that mainly occurs in children and young adults. Therefore, it is vital to facilitate the development of novel effective therapeutic means and improve the overall prognosis of osteosarcoma patients via a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of chemoresistance in osteosarcoma progression. METHODS In this research, the relationship between ITGB3 and the clinical characteristics of patients was detected through analysis of publicly available clinical datasets. The expression of ITGB3 was analysis in collected human osteosarcoma tissues. In addition, the potential functions of ITGB3 in the cisplatin resistance of osteosarcoma cells were investigated in vitro and in tumor xenotransplantation. Finally, the molecular mechanism of ITGB3 in the progression and recurrence of osteosarcoma were explored via transcriptome analysis. RESULTS ITGB3 was identified as a potential regulator of tumorigenicity and cisplatin resistance in relapsed osteosarcoma. Furthermore, the decreased osteosarcoma cell proliferation and migration ability in ITGB3 knockout osteosarcoma cells were related to increased apoptosis and slowing cell cycle progression. In addition, ITGB3 had a positive correlation with cisplatin resistance in cells and tumor xenografts in mice. Accordingly, ITGB3 performed the functions of proliferation and cisplatin resistance in osteosarcoma through the MAPK and VEGF signaling pathways. CONCLUSION Our results will contribute to a better understanding of the function and mechanism of ITGB3 in osteosarcoma cisplatin resistance and provide a novel therapeutic target to decrease cisplatin resistance and tumor recurrence in osteosarcoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Guangyou Chen
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Huachai Jiang
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Haoping Dai
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Dongdong Li
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Kai Zhu
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Kaiquan Zhang
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Huarui Shen
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Houping Xu
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Sen Li
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, P.R. China
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19
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Wu Y, Chen K, Li L, Hao Z, Wang T, Liu Y, Xing G, Liu Z, Li H, Yuan H, Lu J, Zhang C, Zhang J, Zhao D, Wang J, Nie J, Ye D, Pan G, Chan WY, Liu X. Plin2-mediated lipid droplet mobilization accelerates exit from pluripotency by lipidomic remodeling and histone acetylation. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:2316-2331. [PMID: 35614132 PMCID: PMC9613632 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01018-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic switch is critical for cell fate determination through metabolic functions, epigenetic modifications, and gene expression. However, the mechanisms underlying these alterations and their functional roles remain unclear. Here, we show that Plin2-mediated moderate lipid hydrolysis is critical for pluripotency of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Upon exit from pluripotency, lipid droplet (LD)-associated protein Plin2 is recognized by Hsc70 and degraded via chaperone-mediated autophagy to facilitate LD mobilization. Enhancing lipid hydrolysis by Plin2 knockout promotes pluripotency exit, which is recovered by ATGL inhibition. Mechanistically, excessive lipid hydrolysis induces a dramatic lipidomic remodeling characterized by decreased cardiolipin and phosphatidylethanolamine, which triggers defects in mitochondrial cristae and fatty acid oxidation, resulting in reduced acetyl-CoA and histone acetylation. Our results reveal how LD mobilization is regulated and its critical role in ESC pluripotency, and indicate the mechanism linking LD homeostasis to mitochondrial remodeling and epigenetic regulation, which might shed light on development and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Keshi Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Linpeng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Zhihong Hao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Yang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guangsuo Xing
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Zichao Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Heying Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Hao Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Jianghuan Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | | | | | - Danyun Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Junwei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Jinfu Nie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Dan Ye
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Guangjin Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Wai-Yee Chan
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xingguo Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, CUHK-GIBH Joint Research Laboratory on Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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20
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Xu Y, Yang X. Autophagy and pluripotency: self-eating your way to eternal youth. Trends Cell Biol 2022; 32:868-882. [PMID: 35490141 PMCID: PMC10433133 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) can self-renew indefinitely in culture while retaining the potential to differentiate into virtually all normal cell types in the adult animal. Due to these remarkable properties, PSCs not only provide a superb system to investigate mammalian development and model diseases, but also hold promise for regenerative therapies. Autophagy is a self-digestive process that targets proteins, organelles, and other cellular contents for lysosomal degradation. Here, we review recent literature on the mechanistic role of different types of autophagy in embryonic development, embryonic stem cells (ESCs), and induced PSCs (iPSCs), focusing on their remodeling functions on protein, metabolism, and epigenetics. We present a perspective on unsolved issues and propose that autophagy is a promising target to modulate acquisition, maintenance, and directed differentiation of PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xu
- Department of Cancer Biology and Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaolu Yang
- Department of Cancer Biology and Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
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21
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Epigenetics as "conductor" in "orchestra" of pluripotent states. Cell Tissue Res 2022; 390:141-172. [PMID: 35838826 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-022-03667-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Pluripotent character is described as the potency of cells to differentiate into all three germ layers. The best example to reinstate the term lies in the context of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Pluripotent ESC describes the in vitro status of those cells that originate during the complex process of embryogenesis. Pre-implantation to post-implantation development of embryo embrace cells with different levels of stemness. Currently, four states of pluripotency have been recognized, in the progressing order of "naïve," "poised," "formative," and "primed." Epigenetics act as the "conductor" in this "orchestra" of transition in pluripotent states. With a distinguishable gene expression profile, these four states associate with different epigenetic signatures, sometimes distinct while otherwise overlapping. The present review focuses on how epigenetic factors, including DNA methylation, bivalent chromatin, chromatin remodelers, chromatin/nuclear architecture, and microRNA, could dictate pluripotent states and their transition among themselves.
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22
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Hou Y, Xie J, Wang S, Li D, Wang L, Wang H, Ni X, Leng S, Li G, Hou M, Peng J. Glucocorticoid receptor modulates myeloid-derived suppressor cell function via mitochondrial metabolism in immune thrombocytopenia. Cell Mol Immunol 2022; 19:764-776. [PMID: 35414712 PMCID: PMC9243139 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-022-00859-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of immature cells and natural inhibitors of adaptive immunity. Intracellular metabolic changes in MDSCs exert a direct immunological influence on their suppressive activity. Our previous study demonstrated that high-dose dexamethasone (HD-DXM) corrected the functional impairment of MDSCs in immune thrombocytopenia (ITP); however, the MDSC population was not restored in nonresponders, and the mechanism remained unclear. In this study, altered mitochondrial physiology and reduced mitochondrial gene transcription were detected in MDSCs from HD-DXM nonresponders, accompanied by decreased levels of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1), a rate-limiting enzyme in fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Blockade of FAO with a CPT-1 inhibitor abolished the immunosuppressive function of MDSCs in HD-DXM responders. We also report that MDSCs from ITP patients had lower expression of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which can translocate into mitochondria to regulate the transcription of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) as well as the level of oxidative phosphorylation. It was confirmed that the expression of CPT-1 and mtDNA-encoded genes was downregulated in GR-siRNA-treated murine MDSCs. Finally, by establishing murine models of active and passive ITP via adoptive transfer of DXM-modulated MDSCs, we confirmed that GR-silenced MDSCs failed to alleviate thrombocytopenia in mice with ITP. In conclusion, our study indicated that impaired aerobic metabolism in MDSCs participates in the pathogenesis of glucocorticoid resistance in ITP and that intact control of MDSC metabolism by GR contributes to the homeostatic regulation of immunosuppressive cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hou
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Jie Xie
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuwen Wang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Daqi Li
- Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lingjun Wang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Haoyi Wang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaofei Ni
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shaoqiu Leng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guosheng Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ming Hou
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Leading Research Group of Scientific Innovation, Department of Science and Technology of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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23
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Diamante L, Martello G. Metabolic regulation in pluripotent stem cells. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2022; 75:101923. [PMID: 35691147 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2022.101923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have the capacity to give rise to all cell types of the adult body and to expand rapidly while retaining genome integrity, representing a perfect tool for regenerative medicine. PSCs are obtained from preimplantation embryos as embryonic stem cells (ESCs), or by reprogramming of somatic cells as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Understanding the metabolic requirements of PSCs is instrumental for their efficient generation, expansion and differentiation. PSCs reshape their metabolic profile during developmental progression. Fatty acid oxidation is strictly required for energy production in naive PSCs, but becomes dispensable in more advanced, or primed, PSCs. Other metabolites directly affect proliferation, differentiation or the epigenetic profile of PSCs, showing how metabolism plays an instructive role on PSC behaviour. Developmental progression of pluripotent cells can be paused, both in vitro and in vivo, in response to hormonal and metabolic alterations. Such reversible pausing has been recently linked to mammalian target of rapamycin activity, lipid metabolism and mitochondrial activity. Finally, metabolism is not simply regulated by exogenous stimuli or nutrient availability in PSCs, as key pluripotency regulators, such as Oct4, Stat3 and Tfcp2l1, actively shape the metabolic profile of PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Diamante
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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24
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Xu X, Ahmed T, Wang L, Cao X, Zhang Z, Wang M, Lv Y, Kanwal S, Tariq M, Lin R, Zhang H, Huang Y, Peng H, Lin D, Shi X, Geng D, Liu B, Zhang X, Yi W, Qin Y, Esteban MA, Qin B. The mTORC1-eIF4F axis controls paused pluripotency. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e53081. [PMID: 34866316 PMCID: PMC8811634 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202153081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) can self-renew indefinitely and maintain pluripotency. Inhibition of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) by the kinase inhibitor INK128 is known to induce paused pluripotency in mESCs cultured with traditional serum/LIF medium (SL), but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) but not complex 2 (mTORC2) mediates mTOR inhibition-induced paused pluripotency in cells grown in both SL and 2iL medium (GSK3 and MEK inhibitors and LIF). We also show that mTORC1 regulates self-renewal in both conditions mainly through eIF4F-mediated translation initiation that targets mRNAs of both cytosolic and mitochondrial ribosome subunits. Moreover, inhibition of mitochondrial translation is sufficient to induce paused pluripotency. Interestingly, eIF4F also regulates maintenance of pluripotency in an mTORC1-independent but MEK/ERK-dependent manner in SL, indicating that translation of pluripotency genes is controlled differently in SL and 2iL. Our study reveals a detailed picture of how mTOR governs self-renewal in mESCs and uncovers a context-dependent function of eIF4F in pluripotency regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueting Xu
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH‐HKU Guangdong‐Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Cell FateGuangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Tanveer Ahmed
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH‐HKU Guangdong‐Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Cell FateGuangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Lulu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH‐HKU Guangdong‐Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Cell FateGuangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Xintao Cao
- Key Laboratory of RNA BiologyInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zeyu Zhang
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory)GuangzhouChina
| | - Ming Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease PreventionDepartment of Biochemistry & Molecular BiologyShenzhen University Health Science CenterShenzhenChina
| | - Yuan Lv
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH‐HKU Guangdong‐Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Laboratory of Integrative BiologyGuangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Shahzina Kanwal
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH‐HKU Guangdong‐Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- Laboratory of Integrative BiologyGuangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Muqddas Tariq
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory)GuangzhouChina
| | - Runxia Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH‐HKU Guangdong‐Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Cell FateGuangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Hui Zhang
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory)GuangzhouChina
| | - Yinghua Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH‐HKU Guangdong‐Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Cell FateGuangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Hao Peng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH‐HKU Guangdong‐Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Cell FateGuangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Danni Lin
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH‐HKU Guangdong‐Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Cell FateGuangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Xue Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH‐HKU Guangdong‐Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Didi Geng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & ProtectionCollege of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Baohua Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease PreventionDepartment of Biochemistry & Molecular BiologyShenzhen University Health Science CenterShenzhenChina
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH‐HKU Guangdong‐Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory)GuangzhouChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Wen Yi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & ProtectionCollege of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yan Qin
- Key Laboratory of RNA BiologyInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Miguel A Esteban
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH‐HKU Guangdong‐Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory)GuangzhouChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Laboratory of Integrative BiologyGuangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- Institute of Stem Cells and RegenerationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Joint School of Life SciencesGuangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health and Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Baoming Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH‐HKU Guangdong‐Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Cell FateGuangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory)GuangzhouChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Joint School of Life SciencesGuangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health and Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
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25
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Srebf1c preserves hematopoietic stem cell function and survival as a switch of mitochondrial metabolism. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:599-615. [PMID: 35148846 PMCID: PMC9039836 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are fundamental but complex determinants for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) maintenance. However, the factors involved in the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism in HSCs and the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Here, we identify sterol regulatory element binding factor-1c (Srebf1c) as a key factor in maintaining HSC biology under both steady-state and stress conditions. Srebf1c knockout (Srebf1c-/-) mice display increased phenotypic HSCs and less HSC quiescence. In addition, Srebf1c deletion compromises the function and survival of HSCs in competitive transplantation or following chemotherapy and irradiation. Mechanistically, SREBF1c restrains the excessive activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling and mitochondrial metabolism in HSCs by regulating the expression of tuberous sclerosis complex 1 (Tsc1). Our study demonstrates that Srebf1c plays an important role in regulating HSC fate via the TSC1-mTOR-mitochondria axis.
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26
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Zhu B, Zhong W, Cao X, Pan G, Xu M, Zheng J, Chen H, Feng X, Luo C, Lu C, Xiao J, Lin W, Lai C, Li M, Du X, Yi Q, Yan D. Loss of miR-31-5p drives hematopoietic stem cell malignant transformation and restoration eliminates leukemia stem cells in mice. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabh2548. [PMID: 35080912 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abh2548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) propagate leukemia and are responsible for the high frequency of relapse of treated patients. The ability to target LSCs remains elusive, indicating a need to understand the underlying mechanism of LSC formation. Here, we report that miR-31-5p is reduced or undetectable in human LSCs compared to hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs). Inhibition of miR-31-5p in HSPCs promotes the expression of its target gene FIH, encoding FIH [factor inhibiting hypoxia-inducing factor 1α (HIF-1α)], to suppress HIF-1α signaling. Increased FIH resulted in a switch from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) as the predominant mode of energy metabolism and increased the abundance of the oncometabolite fumarate. Increased fumarate promoted the conversion of HSPCs to LSCs and initiated myeloid leukemia-like disease in NOD-Prkdcscid IL2rgtm1/Bcgen (B-NDG) mice. We further demonstrated that miR-31-5p inhibited long- and short-term hematopoietic stem cells with a high frequency of LSCs. In combination with the chemotherapeutic agent Ara-C (cytosine arabinoside), restoration of miR-31-5p using G7 poly (amidoamine) nanosized dendriplex encapsulating miR-31-5p eliminated LSCs and inhibited acute myeloid leukemia (AML) progression in patient-derived xenograft mouse models. These results demonstrated a mechanism of HSC malignant transformation through altered energy metabolism and provided a potential therapeutic strategy to treat patients with AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biying Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wenbin Zhong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiuye Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Guoping Pan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Mengyang Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Huanzhao Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaoqin Feng
- Hematology and Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Chengwei Luo
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Chen Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Weize Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chaofeng Lai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Mingchuan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Qing Yi
- Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Daoguang Yan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Bonitto K, Sarathy K, Atai K, Mitra M, Coller HA. Is There a Histone Code for Cellular Quiescence? Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:739780. [PMID: 34778253 PMCID: PMC8586460 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.739780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Many of the cells in our bodies are quiescent, that is, temporarily not dividing. Under certain physiological conditions such as during tissue repair and maintenance, quiescent cells receive the appropriate stimulus and are induced to enter the cell cycle. The ability of cells to successfully transition into and out of a quiescent state is crucial for many biological processes including wound healing, stem cell maintenance, and immunological responses. Across species and tissues, transcriptional, epigenetic, and chromosomal changes associated with the transition between proliferation and quiescence have been analyzed, and some consistent changes associated with quiescence have been identified. Histone modifications have been shown to play a role in chromatin packing and accessibility, nucleosome mobility, gene expression, and chromosome arrangement. In this review, we critically evaluate the role of different histone marks in these processes during quiescence entry and exit. We consider different model systems for quiescence, each of the most frequently monitored candidate histone marks, and the role of their writers, erasers and readers. We highlight data that support these marks contributing to the changes observed with quiescence. We specifically ask whether there is a quiescence histone “code,” a mechanism whereby the language encoded by specific combinations of histone marks is read and relayed downstream to modulate cell state and function. We conclude by highlighting emerging technologies that can be applied to gain greater insight into the role of a histone code for quiescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenya Bonitto
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kirthana Sarathy
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kaiser Atai
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Doctoral Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Mithun Mitra
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Hilary A Coller
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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28
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Guo X, Cui C, Song J, He Q, Zang N, Hu H, Wang X, Li D, Wang C, Hou X, Li X, Liang K, Yan F, Chen L. Mof acetyltransferase inhibition ameliorates glucose intolerance and islet dysfunction of type 2 diabetes via targeting pancreatic α-cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 537:111425. [PMID: 34391847 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previously, we reported that Mof was highly expressed in α-cells, and its knockdown led to ameliorated fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glucose tolerance in non-diabetic mice, attributed by reduced total α-cell but enhanced prohormone convertase (PC)1/3-positive α-cell mass. However, how Mof and histone 4 lysine 16 acetylation (H4K16ac) control α-cell and whether Mof inhibition improves glucose handling in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) mice remain unknown. METHODS Mof overexpression and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequence (ChIP-seq) based on H4K16ac were applied to determine the effect of Mof on α-cell transcriptional factors and underlying mechanism. Then we administrated mg149 to α-TC1-6 cell line, wild type, db/db and diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice to observe the impact of Mof inhibition in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, western blotting and TUNEL staining were used to examine α-cell apoptosis and function. In vivo, glucose tolerance, hormone levels, islet population, α-cell ratio and the co-staining of glucagon and PC1/3 or PC2 were examined. RESULTS Mof activated α-cell-specific transcriptional network. ChIP-seq results indicated that H4K16ac targeted essential genes regulating α-cell differentiation and function. Mof activity inhibition in vitro caused impaired α-cell function and enhanced apoptosis. In vivo, it contributed to ameliorated glucose intolerance and islet dysfunction, characterized by decreased fasting glucagon and elevated post-challenge insulin levels in T2DM mice. CONCLUSION Mof regulates α-cell differentiation and function via acetylating H4K16ac and H4K16ac binding to Pax6 and Foxa2 promoters. Mof inhibition may be a potential interventional target for T2DM, which led to decreased α-cell ratio but increased PC1/3-positive α-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghong Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Chen Cui
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jia Song
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Qin He
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Nan Zang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Huiqing Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medicine School of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Danyang Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xinguo Hou
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangzhi Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, Life Science School of Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Kai Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China; Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China; Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Fei Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China; Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China; Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China; Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province Medicine & Health, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China; Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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29
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Liu S, Qin D, Yan Y, Wu J, Meng L, Huang W, Wang L, Chen X, Zhang L. Metabolic nuclear receptors coordinate energy metabolism to regulate Sox9 + hepatocyte fate. iScience 2021; 24:103003. [PMID: 34505013 PMCID: PMC8417399 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research has indicated the adult liver Sox9+ cells located in the portal triads contribute to the physiological maintenance of liver mass and injury repair. However, the physiology and pathology regulation mechanisms of adult liver Sox9+ cells remain unknown. Here, PPARα and FXR bound to the shared site in Sox9 promoter with opposite transcriptional outputs. PPARα activation enhanced the fatty acid β-oxidation, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, thus promoting proliferation and differentiation of Sox9+ hepatocytes along periportal (PP)-perivenous (PV) axis. However, FXR activation increased glycolysis but decreased OXPHOS and ATP production, therefore preventing proliferation of Sox9+ hepatocytes along PP-PV axis by promoting Sox9+ hepatocyte self-renewal. Our research indicates that metabolic nuclear receptors play critical roles in liver progenitor Sox9+ hepatocyte homeostasis to initiate or terminate liver injury-induced cell proliferation and differentiation, suggesting that PPARα and FXR are potential therapeutic targets for modulating liver regeneration. PPARα promotes Sox9 expression and FXR inhibits Sox9 expression PPARα promotes proliferation and differentiation of Sox9+ hepatocytes FXR promotes Sox9+ hepatocyte self-renewal PPARα and FXR coordinate energy metabolism to regulate Sox9+ hepatocyte fate
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghui Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine/Bio-medical Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hu Bei 430070, China
| | - Dan Qin
- College of Veterinary Medicine/Bio-medical Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hu Bei 430070, China
| | - Yi Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine/Bio-medical Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hu Bei 430070, China
| | - Jiayan Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine/Bio-medical Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hu Bei 430070, China
| | - Lihua Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine/Bio-medical Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hu Bei 430070, China
| | - Wendong Huang
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Liqiang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, 28th Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, 28th Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Lisheng Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine/Bio-medical Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hu Bei 430070, China
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30
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van der Weijden VA, Bulut-Karslioglu A. Molecular Regulation of Paused Pluripotency in Early Mammalian Embryos and Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:708318. [PMID: 34386497 PMCID: PMC8353277 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.708318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The energetically costly mammalian investment in gestation and lactation requires plentiful nutritional sources and thus links the environmental conditions to reproductive success. Flexibility in adjusting developmental timing enhances chances of survival in adverse conditions. Over 130 mammalian species can reversibly pause early embryonic development by switching to a near dormant state that can be sustained for months, a phenomenon called embryonic diapause. Lineage-specific cells are retained during diapause, and they proliferate and differentiate upon activation. Studying diapause thus reveals principles of pluripotency and dormancy and is not only relevant for development, but also for regeneration and cancer. In this review, we focus on the molecular regulation of diapause in early mammalian embryos and relate it to maintenance of potency in stem cells in vitro. Diapause is established and maintained by active rewiring of the embryonic metabolome, epigenome, and gene expression in communication with maternal tissues. Herein, we particularly discuss factors required at distinct stages of diapause to induce, maintain, and terminate dormancy.
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31
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A latent subset of human hematopoietic stem cells resists regenerative stress to preserve stemness. Nat Immunol 2021; 22:723-734. [PMID: 33958784 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-00925-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Continuous supply of immune cells throughout life relies on the delicate balance in the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) pool between long-term maintenance and meeting the demands of both normal blood production and unexpected stress conditions. Here we identified distinct subsets of human long-term (LT)-HSCs that responded differently to regeneration-mediated stress: an immune checkpoint ligand CD112lo subset that exhibited a transient engraftment restraint (termed latency) before contributing to hematopoietic reconstitution and a primed CD112hi subset that responded rapidly. This functional heterogeneity and CD112 expression are regulated by INKA1 through direct interaction with PAK4 and SIRT1, inducing epigenetic changes and defining an alternative state of LT-HSC quiescence that serves to preserve self-renewal and regenerative capacity upon regeneration-mediated stress. Collectively, our data uncovered the molecular intricacies underlying HSC heterogeneity and self-renewal regulation and point to latency as an orchestrated physiological response that balances blood cell demands with preserving a stem cell reservoir.
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32
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Complex-dependent histone acetyltransferase activity of KAT8 determines its role in transcription and cellular homeostasis. Mol Cell 2021; 81:1749-1765.e8. [PMID: 33657400 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Acetylation of lysine 16 on histone H4 (H4K16ac) is catalyzed by histone acetyltransferase KAT8 and can prevent chromatin compaction in vitro. Although extensively studied in Drosophila, the functions of H4K16ac and two KAT8-containing protein complexes (NSL and MSL) are not well understood in mammals. Here, we demonstrate a surprising complex-dependent activity of KAT8: it catalyzes H4K5ac and H4K8ac as part of the NSL complex, whereas it catalyzes the bulk of H4K16ac as part of the MSL complex. Furthermore, we show that MSL complex proteins and H4K16ac are not required for cell proliferation and chromatin accessibility, whereas the NSL complex is essential for cell survival, as it stimulates transcription initiation at the promoters of housekeeping genes. In summary, we show that KAT8 switches catalytic activity and function depending on its associated proteins and that, when in the NSL complex, it catalyzes H4K5ac and H4K8ac required for the expression of essential genes.
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33
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Sun L, Fu X, Ma G, Hutchins AP. Chromatin and Epigenetic Rearrangements in Embryonic Stem Cell Fate Transitions. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:637309. [PMID: 33681220 PMCID: PMC7930395 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.637309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A major event in embryonic development is the rearrangement of epigenetic information as the somatic genome is reprogrammed for a new round of organismal development. Epigenetic data are held in chemical modifications on DNA and histones, and there are dramatic and dynamic changes in these marks during embryogenesis. However, the mechanisms behind this intricate process and how it is regulating and responding to embryonic development remain unclear. As embryos develop from totipotency to pluripotency, they pass through several distinct stages that can be captured permanently or transiently in vitro. Pluripotent naïve cells resemble the early epiblast, primed cells resemble the late epiblast, and blastomere-like cells have been isolated, although fully totipotent cells remain elusive. Experiments using these in vitro model systems have led to insights into chromatin changes in embryonic development, which has informed exploration of pre-implantation embryos. Intriguingly, human and mouse cells rely on different signaling and epigenetic pathways, and it remains a mystery why this variation exists. In this review, we will summarize the chromatin rearrangements in early embryonic development, drawing from genomic data from in vitro cell lines, and human and mouse embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Andrew P. Hutchins
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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34
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Peng D, Lin B, Xie M, Zhang P, Guo Q, Li Q, Gu Q, Yang S, Sen L. Histone demethylase KDM5A promotes tumorigenesis of osteosarcoma tumor. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:9. [PMID: 33436536 PMCID: PMC7803953 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-020-00396-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a primary bone malignancy with a high rate of recurrence and poorer prognosis. Therefore, it is of vital importance to explore novel prognostic molecular biomarkers and targets for more effective therapeutic approaches. Previous studies showed that histone demethylase KDM5A can increase the proliferation and metastasis of several cancers. However, the function of KDM5A in the carcinogenesis of osteosarcoma is not clear. In the current study, KDM5A was highly expressed in osteosarcoma than adjacent normal tissue. Knockdown of KDM5A suppressed osteosarcoma cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. Moreover, knockdown of KDM5A could increase the expression level of P27 (cell-cycle inhibitor) and decrease the expression of Cyclin D1. Furthermore, after knockout of KDM5A in osteosarcoma cells by CRISPR/Cas9 system, the tumor size and growth speed were inhibited in tumor-bearing nude mice. RNA-Seq of KDM5A-KO cells indicated that interferon, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), IL6/JAK/STAT3, and TNF-α/NF-κB pathway were likely involved in the regulation of osteosarcoma cell viability. Taken together, our research established a role of KDM5A in osteosarcoma tumorigenesis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daohu Peng
- Hospital (T.C.M) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, 182 Chunhui Road, Longmatan District, 64600, Luzhou City, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Birong Lin
- Hospital (T.C.M) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, 182 Chunhui Road, Longmatan District, 64600, Luzhou City, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Mingzhong Xie
- Hospital (T.C.M) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, 182 Chunhui Road, Longmatan District, 64600, Luzhou City, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Hospital (T.C.M) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, 182 Chunhui Road, Longmatan District, 64600, Luzhou City, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - QingXi Guo
- The affiliated hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, 646015, Luzhou City, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Qian Li
- Hospital (T.C.M) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, 182 Chunhui Road, Longmatan District, 64600, Luzhou City, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Qinwen Gu
- Hospital (T.C.M) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, 182 Chunhui Road, Longmatan District, 64600, Luzhou City, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Sijin Yang
- Hospital (T.C.M) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, 182 Chunhui Road, Longmatan District, 64600, Luzhou City, Sichuan, P. R. China.
| | - Li Sen
- Hospital (T.C.M) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, 182 Chunhui Road, Longmatan District, 64600, Luzhou City, Sichuan, P. R. China.
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35
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Lei H, denDekker AD, Li G, Zhang Z, Sha L, Schaller MA, Kunkel SL, Rui L, Tao K, Dou Y. Dysregulation of intercellular signaling by MOF deletion leads to liver injury. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100235. [PMID: 33376138 PMCID: PMC7948572 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.016079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms that alter heritable gene expression and chromatin structure play an essential role in many biological processes, including liver function. Human MOF (males absent on the first) is a histone acetyltransferase that is globally downregulated in human steatohepatitis. However, the function of MOF in the liver remains unclear. Here, we report that MOF plays an essential role in adult liver. Genetic deletion of Mof by Mx1-Cre in the liver leads to acute liver injury, with increase of lipid deposition and fibrosis akin to human steatohepatitis. Surprisingly, hepatocyte-specific Mof deletion had no overt liver abnormality. Using the in vitro coculturing experiment, we show that Mof deletion-induced liver injury requires coordinated changes and reciprocal signaling between hepatocytes and Kupffer cells, which enables feedforward regulation to augment inflammation and apoptotic responses. At the molecular level, Mof deletion induced characteristic changes in metabolic gene programs, which bore noticeable similarity to the molecular signature of human steatohepatitis. Simultaneous deletion of Mof in both hepatocytes and macrophages results in enhanced expression of inflammatory genes and NO signaling in vitro. These changes, in turn, lead to apoptosis of hepatocytes and lipotoxicity. Our work highlights the importance of histone acetyltransferase MOF in maintaining metabolic liver homeostasis and sheds light on the epigenetic dysregulation in liver pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Lei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Aaron D denDekker
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Guobing Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Liang Sha
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Matthew A Schaller
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Steven L Kunkel
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Liangyou Rui
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kaixiong Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yali Dou
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
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36
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Khoa LTP, Dou Y. In Vitro Derivation of Quiescent Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Based on Distinct Mitochondrial Activity. STAR Protoc 2020; 1:100136. [PMID: 33377030 PMCID: PMC7757300 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2020.100136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic diapause is a naturally occurring strategy in mammals that determines successful rates of gestation under unfavorable conditions. This dormant state can be captured in the form of quiescent mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Here, we present a step-by-step protocol to derive quiescent ESCs that naturally exist in culture by harnessing the heterogeneity of mitochondrial activity. The derived quiescent ESCs with low mitochondrial activity can be utilized as a surrogate to study stages of early embryonic development. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Khoa et al. (2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Tran Phuc Khoa
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yali Dou
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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37
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Bui TT, Lee D, Selvarajoo K. ScatLay: utilizing transcriptome-wide noise for identifying and visualizing differentially expressed genes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17483. [PMID: 33060728 PMCID: PMC7566603 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74564-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Differential expressed (DE) genes analysis is valuable for understanding comparative transcriptomics between cells, conditions or time evolution. However, the predominant way of identifying DE genes is to use arbitrary threshold fold or expression changes as cutoff. Here, we developed a more objective method, Scatter Overlay or ScatLay, to extract and graphically visualize DE genes across any two samples by utilizing their pair-wise scatter or transcriptome-wide noise, while factoring replicate variabilities. We tested ScatLay for 3 cell types: between time points for Escherichia coli aerobiosis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae hypoxia, and between untreated and Etomoxir treated Mus Musculus embryonic stem cell. As a result, we obtain 1194, 2061 and 2932 DE genes, respectively. Next, we compared these data with two widely used current approaches (DESeq2 and NOISeq) with typical twofold expression changes threshold, and show that ScatLay reveals significantly larger number of DE genes. Hence, our method provides a wider coverage of DE genes, and will likely pave way for finding more novel regulatory genes in future works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Tien Bui
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Agency for Science, Technology & Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Daniel Lee
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Kumar Selvarajoo
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Agency for Science, Technology & Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore, 138673, Singapore. .,Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117456, Singapore.
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