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Qi W, Fang Z, Luo C, Hong H, Long Y, Dai Z, Liu J, Zeng Y, Zhou T, Xia Y, Yang X, Gao G. The critical role of BTRC in hepatic steatosis as an ATGL E3 ligase. J Mol Cell Biol 2024; 15:mjad064. [PMID: 37873692 PMCID: PMC10993717 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjad064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), characterized by hepatic steatosis, is one of the commonest causes of liver dysfunction. Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) is closely related to lipid turnover and hepatic steatosis as the speed-limited triacylglycerol lipase in liver lipolysis. However, the expression and regulation of ATGL in NAFLD remain unclear. Herein, our results showed that ATGL protein levels were decreased in the liver tissues of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice, naturally obese mice, and cholangioma/hepatic carcinoma patients with hepatic steatosis, as well as in the oleic acid-induced hepatic steatosis cell model, while ATGL mRNA levels were not changed. ATGL protein was mainly degraded through the proteasome pathway in hepatocytes. Beta-transducin repeat containing (BTRC) was upregulated and negatively correlated with the decreased ATGL level in these hepatic steatosis models. Consequently, BTRC was identified as the E3 ligase for ATGL through predominant ubiquitination at the lysine 135 residue. Moreover, adenovirus-mediated knockdown of BTRC ameliorated steatosis in HFD-fed mouse livers and oleic acid-treated liver cells via upregulating the ATGL level. Taken together, BTRC plays a crucial role in hepatic steatosis as a new ATGL E3 ligase and may serve as a potential therapeutic target for treating NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Qi
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhenzhen Fang
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Chuanghua Luo
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Honghai Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanlan Long
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhiyu Dai
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Junxi Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yongcheng Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ti Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yong Xia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Gene Manipulation and Biomacromolecular Products, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Guoquan Gao
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Singh K, Lau CK, Manigrasso G, Gama JB, Gassmann R, Carter AP. Molecular mechanism of dynein-dynactin complex assembly by LIS1. Science 2024; 383:eadk8544. [PMID: 38547289 PMCID: PMC7615804 DOI: 10.1126/science.adk8544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic dynein is a microtubule motor vital for cellular organization and division. It functions as a ~4-megadalton complex containing its cofactor dynactin and a cargo-specific coiled-coil adaptor. However, how dynein and dynactin recognize diverse adaptors, how they interact with each other during complex formation, and the role of critical regulators such as lissencephaly-1 (LIS1) protein (LIS1) remain unclear. In this study, we determined the cryo-electron microscopy structure of dynein-dynactin on microtubules with LIS1 and the lysosomal adaptor JIP3. This structure reveals the molecular basis of interactions occurring during dynein activation. We show how JIP3 activates dynein despite its atypical architecture. Unexpectedly, LIS1 binds dynactin's p150 subunit, tethering it along the length of dynein. Our data suggest that LIS1 and p150 constrain dynein-dynactin to ensure efficient complex formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashish Singh
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Ave, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Clinton K. Lau
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Ave, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Giulia Manigrasso
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Ave, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - José B. Gama
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde – i3S / Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular – IBMC, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Reto Gassmann
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde – i3S / Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular – IBMC, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Andrew P. Carter
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Ave, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
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Lai X, Liu R, Li M, Fan Y, Li H, Han G, Guo R, Ma H, Su H, Xing W. Participation of WD repeat-containing protein 54 (WDR54) in rat sperm-oocyte fusion through interaction with both IZUMO1 and JUNO. Theriogenology 2024; 214:286-297. [PMID: 37951137 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Fertilization is a complex process that depends on the fusion of the cell membrane of sperm with that of oocyte, and it involves sperm-oocyte recognition, binding, and fusion, which are mediated by multiple proteins. Among those proteins, IZUMO1 and its receptor JUNO have been identified as essential factors for sperm-oocyte recognition and fusion. However, the interaction between IZUMO1 and JUNO alone does not lead to cell membrane fusion, suggesting the involvement of additional proteins in sperm-oocyte membrane fusion. In this study, we have discovered that a protein called WDR54, which consists of WD-repeat modules, is located on the cell membrane of sperm, as well as on the cell membrane and in the cytoplasm of the oocyte. We have found that WDR54 is involved in sperm-oocyte fertilization. When sperm and oocyte were treated with anti-WDR54 ascites, the in vitro fertilization (IVF) rate significantly decreased. Furthermore, our research has shown that WDR54 interacts with both IZUMO1 and JUNO, and it colocalizes with IZUMO1 on the surface of the sperm head and with JUNO on the oocyte surface. Through structural analysis of the putative complexes of WDR54-IZUMO1 and WDR54-JUNO, we infer that these three proteins could form a complex of JUNO-WDR54-IZUMO1-JUNO (referred to as the "JWIJ complex") on the oocyte surface. Our findings suggest that WDR54 is an important factor involved in sperm-oocyte adhesion and fusion. This discovery provides new insight into the mechanisms of mammalian sperm-oocyte adhesion and fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Lai
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Molecular Regulation of the Cell, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, PR China
| | - Ruizhuo Liu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Molecular Regulation of the Cell, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, PR China
| | - Mengyu Li
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Molecular Regulation of the Cell, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, PR China
| | - Yaochun Fan
- Inner Mongolia Comprehensive Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hohhot, PR China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, PR China
| | - Guotao Han
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Molecular Regulation of the Cell, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, PR China
| | - Ruijie Guo
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Molecular Regulation of the Cell, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, PR China
| | - Hairui Ma
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Molecular Regulation of the Cell, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, PR China
| | - Huimin Su
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Molecular Regulation of the Cell, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, PR China.
| | - Wanjin Xing
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Molecular Regulation of the Cell, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, PR China.
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Accogli A, Shakya S, Yang T, Insinna C, Kim SY, Bell D, Butov KR, Severino M, Niceta M, Scala M, Lee HS, Yoo T, Stauffer J, Zhao H, Fiorillo C, Pedemonte M, Diana MC, Baldassari S, Zakharova V, Shcherbina A, Rodina Y, Fagerberg C, Roos LS, Wierzba J, Dobosz A, Gerard A, Potocki L, Rosenfeld JA, Lalani SR, Scott TM, Scott D, Azamian MS, Louie R, Moore HW, Champaigne NL, Hollingsworth G, Torella A, Nigro V, Ploski R, Salpietro V, Zara F, Pizzi S, Chillemi G, Ognibene M, Cooney E, Do J, Linnemann A, Larsen MJ, Specht S, Walters KJ, Choi HJ, Choi M, Tartaglia M, Youkharibache P, Chae JH, Capra V, Park SG, Westlake CJ. Variants in the WDR44 WD40-repeat domain cause a spectrum of ciliopathy by impairing ciliogenesis initiation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:365. [PMID: 38191484 PMCID: PMC10774338 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44611-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
WDR44 prevents ciliogenesis initiation by regulating RAB11-dependent vesicle trafficking. Here, we describe male patients with missense and nonsense variants within the WD40 repeats (WDR) of WDR44, an X-linked gene product, who display ciliopathy-related developmental phenotypes that we can model in zebrafish. The patient phenotypic spectrum includes developmental delay/intellectual disability, hypotonia, distinct craniofacial features and variable presence of brain, renal, cardiac and musculoskeletal abnormalities. We demonstrate that WDR44 variants associated with more severe disease impair ciliogenesis initiation and ciliary signaling. Because WDR44 negatively regulates ciliogenesis, it was surprising that pathogenic missense variants showed reduced abundance, which we link to misfolding of WDR autonomous repeats and degradation by the proteasome. We discover that disease severity correlates with increased RAB11 binding, which we propose drives ciliogenesis initiation dysregulation. Finally, we discover interdomain interactions between the WDR and NH2-terminal region that contains the RAB11 binding domain (RBD) and show patient variants disrupt this association. This study provides new insights into WDR44 WDR structure and characterizes a new syndrome that could result from impaired ciliogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Accogli
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Specialized Medicine, McGill University Health Centre (MUHC), Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Saurabh Shakya
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Taewoo Yang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 08826, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Christine Insinna
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Soo Yeon Kim
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 03080, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - David Bell
- Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Kirill R Butov
- Department of Immunology, Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, 117997, Russia
- Department of Molecular Biology and Medical Biotechnology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | | | - Marcello Niceta
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Scala
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Università Degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
- Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Hyun Sik Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, 08826, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Taekyeong Yoo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 03080, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jimmy Stauffer
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Huijie Zhao
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Chiara Fiorillo
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Università Degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
- Child Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Istituto G.Gaslini, DINOGMI University of Genova, Largo Gaslini 5, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marina Pedemonte
- Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria C Diana
- Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Baldassari
- Unit of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Viktoria Zakharova
- National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, Clinical data analysis department, Moscow, Russian Federation, Russia
| | - Anna Shcherbina
- Department of Immunology, Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Yulia Rodina
- Department of Immunology, Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Christina Fagerberg
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Laura Sønderberg Roos
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, København, Denmark
| | - Jolanta Wierzba
- Department of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine Nursing, Department of Rare Disorders, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Artur Dobosz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663, Krakow, Poland
| | - Amanda Gerard
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lorraine Potocki
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jill A Rosenfeld
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Baylor Genetics Laboratories, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Seema R Lalani
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tiana M Scott
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Daryl Scott
- Baylor Genetics Laboratories, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Annalaura Torella
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nigro
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Rafal Ploski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Pawińskiego 3C, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Vincenzo Salpietro
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University. College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Federico Zara
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, Università Degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
- Unit of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simone Pizzi
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Chillemi
- Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-food and Forest systems, DIBAF, University of Tuscia, Via S. Camillo de Lellis s.n.c, 01100, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Marzia Ognibene
- Unit of Medical Genetics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Erin Cooney
- Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Jenny Do
- Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Anders Linnemann
- Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Martin J Larsen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Clinical Genome Center, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Suzanne Specht
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Kylie J Walters
- Center for Structural Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Hee-Jung Choi
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, 08826, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Murim Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 03080, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Phillippe Youkharibache
- Cancer Science Data Lab, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jong-Hee Chae
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 03080, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Valeria Capra
- Child Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Istituto G.Gaslini, DINOGMI University of Genova, Largo Gaslini 5, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sung-Gyoo Park
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 08826, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Christopher J Westlake
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA.
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Cheng X, Liu Z, Chang H, Liang W, Li P, Gao Y. WD repeat domain 76 predicts poor prognosis in lower grade glioma and provides an original target for immunotherapy. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:13. [PMID: 38173030 PMCID: PMC10763342 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01605-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The WD40 repeat (WDR) domain provides scaffolds for numerous protein-protein interactions in multiple biological processes. WDR domain 76 (WDR76) has complex functionality owing to its diversified interactions; however, its mechanism in LGG has not yet been reported. METHODS Transcriptomic data from public databases were multifariously analyzed to explore the role of WDR76 in LGG pathology and tumor immunity. Laboratory experiments were conducted to confirm these results. RESULTS The results first confirmed that high expression of WDR76 in LGG was not only positively associated with clinical and molecular features of malignant LGG, but also served as an independent prognostic factor that predicted shorter survival in patients with LGG. Furthermore, high expression of WDR76 resulted in the upregulation of oncogenes, such as PRC1 and NUSAP1, and the activation of oncogenic mechanisms, such as the cell cycle and Notch signaling pathway. Finally, WDR76 was shown to be involved in LGG tumor immunity by promoting the infiltration of immune cells, such as M2 macrophages, and the expression of immune checkpoints, such as PDCD1 (encoding PD-1). CONCLUSIONS This study shows for the first time the diagnostic and prognostic value of WDR76 in LGG and provides a novel personalized biomarker for future targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Thus, WDR76 may significantly improve the prognosis of patients with LGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingbo Cheng
- Department of Surgery of Spine and Spinal Cord, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Zhendong Liu
- Department of Surgery of Spine and Spinal Cord, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Haigang Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, 453100, Henan, China
| | - Wenjia Liang
- People's Hospital of Henan University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Pengxu Li
- Department of Surgery of Spine and Spinal Cord, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Yanzheng Gao
- Department of Surgery of Spine and Spinal Cord, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.
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6
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Teuscher KB, Mills JJ, Tian J, Han C, Meyers KM, Sai J, South TM, Crow MM, Van Meveren M, Sensintaffar JL, Zhao B, Amporndanai K, Moore WJ, Stott GM, Tansey WP, Lee T, Fesik SW. Structure-Based Discovery of Potent, Orally Bioavailable Benzoxazepinone-Based WD Repeat Domain 5 Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2023; 66:16783-16806. [PMID: 38085679 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
The chromatin-associated protein WDR5 (WD repeat domain 5) is an essential cofactor for MYC and a conserved regulator of ribosome protein gene transcription. It is also a high-profile target for anti-cancer drug discovery, with proposed utility against both solid and hematological malignancies. We have previously discovered potent dihydroisoquinolinone-based WDR5 WIN-site inhibitors with demonstrated efficacy and safety in animal models. In this study, we sought to optimize the bicyclic core to discover a novel series of WDR5 WIN-site inhibitors with improved potency and physicochemical properties. We identified the 3,4-dihydrobenzo[f][1,4]oxazepin-5(2H)-one core as an alternative scaffold for potent WDR5 inhibitors. Additionally, we used X-ray structural analysis to design partially saturated bicyclic P7 units. These benzoxazepinone-based inhibitors exhibited increased cellular potency and selectivity and favorable physicochemical properties compared to our best-in-class dihydroisoquinolinone-based counterparts. This study opens avenues to discover more advanced WDR5 WIN-site inhibitors and supports their development as novel anti-cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jianhua Tian
- Molecular Design and Synthesis Center, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0142, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - William J Moore
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, United States
| | - Gordon M Stott
- Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland 21701-4907, United States
| | | | | | - Stephen W Fesik
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0142, United States
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7
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Lian Y, Lian C, Wang L, Li Z, Yuan G, Xuan L, Gao H, Wu H, Yang T, Wang C. SUPPRESSOR OF MAX2 LIKE 6, 7, and 8 Interact with DDB1 BINDING WD REPEAT DOMAIN HYPERSENSITIVE TO ABA DEFICIENT 1 to Regulate the Drought Tolerance and Target SUCROSE NONFERMENTING 1 RELATED PROTEIN KINASE 2.3 to Abscisic Acid Response in Arabidopsis. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1406. [PMID: 37759806 PMCID: PMC10526831 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
SUPPRESSOR OF MAX2-LIKE 6, 7, and 8 (SMXL6,7,8) function as repressors and transcription factors of the strigolactone (SL) signaling pathway, playing an important role in the development and stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, the molecular mechanism by which SMXL6,7,8 negatively regulate drought tolerance and ABA response remains largely unexplored. In the present study, the interacting protein and downstream target genes of SMXL6,7,8 were investigated. Our results showed that the substrate receptor for the CUL4-based E3 ligase DDB1-BINDING WD-REPEAT DOMAIN (DWD) HYPERSENSITIVE TO ABA DEFICIENT 1 (ABA1) (DWA1) physically interacted with SMXL6,7,8. The degradation of SMXL6,7,8 proteins were partially dependent on DWA1. Disruption of SMXL6,7,8 resulted in increased drought tolerance and could restore the drought-sensitive phenotype of the dwa1 mutant. In addition, SMXL6,7,8 could directly bind to the promoter of SUCROSE NONFERMENTING 1 (SNF1)-RELATED PROTEIN KINASE 2.3 (SnRK2.3) to repress its transcription. The mutations in SnRK2.2/2.3 significantly suppressed the hypersensitivity of smxl6/7/8 to ABA-mediated inhibition of seed germination. Conclusively, SMXL6,7,8 interact with DWA1 to negatively regulate drought tolerance and target ABA-response genes. These data provide insights into drought tolerance and ABA response in Arabidopsis via the SMXL6,7,8-mediated SL signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tao Yang
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Y.L.); (C.L.); (L.W.); (Z.L.); (G.Y.); (L.X.); (H.G.); (H.W.)
| | - Chongying Wang
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Y.L.); (C.L.); (L.W.); (Z.L.); (G.Y.); (L.X.); (H.G.); (H.W.)
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8
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Zhang Z, Zhu Q. WD Repeat and HMG Box DNA Binding Protein 1: An Oncoprotein at the Hub of Tumorigenesis and a Novel Therapeutic Target. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12494. [PMID: 37569867 PMCID: PMC10420296 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
WD repeat and HMG-box DNA binding protein 1 (WDHD1) is a highly conserved gene from yeast to humans. It actively participates in DNA replication, playing a crucial role in DNA damage repair and the cell cycle, contributing to centromere formation and sister chromosome segregation. Notably, several studies have implicated WDHD1 in the development and progression of diverse tumor types, including esophageal carcinoma, pulmonary carcinoma, and breast carcinoma. Additionally, the inhibitor of WDHD1 has been found to enhance radiation sensitivity, improve drug resistance, and significantly decrease tumor cell proliferation. This comprehensive review aims to provide an overview of the molecular structure, biological functions, and regulatory mechanisms of WDHD1 in tumors, thereby establishing a foundation for future investigations and potential clinical applications of WDHD1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qing Zhu
- Division of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, China;
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9
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Cui G, Zhou J, Sun J, Kou X, Su Z, Xu Y, Liu T, Sun L, Li W, Wu X, Wei Q, Gao S, Shi K. WD repeat domain 82 (Wdr82) facilitates mouse iPSCs generation by interfering mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:218. [PMID: 37470863 PMCID: PMC10359378 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04871-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abundantly expressed factors in the oocyte cytoplasm can remarkably reprogram terminally differentiated germ cells or somatic cells into totipotent state within a short time. However, the mechanism of the different factors underlying the reprogramming process remains uncertain. METHODS On the basis of Yamanaka factors OSKM induction method, MEF cells were induced and reprogrammed into iPSCs under conditions of the oocyte-derived factor Wdr82 overexpression and/or knockdown, so as to assess the reprogramming efficiency. Meanwhile, the cellular metabolism was monitored and evaluated during the reprogramming process. The plurpotency of the generated iPSCs was confirmed via pluripotent gene expression detection, embryoid body differentiation and chimeric mouse experiment. RESULTS Here, we show that the oocyte-derived factor Wdr82 promotes the efficiency of MEF reprogramming into iPSCs to a greater degree than the Yamanaka factors OSKM. The Wdr82-expressing iPSC line showed pluripotency to differentiate and transmit genetic material to chimeric offsprings. In contrast, the knocking down of Wdr82 can significantly reduce the efficiency of somatic cell reprogramming. We further demonstrate that the significant suppression of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria underlies the molecular mechanism by which Wdr82 promotes the efficiency of somatic cell reprogramming. Our study suggests a link between mitochondrial energy metabolism remodeling and cell fate transition or stem cell function maintenance, which might shed light on the embryonic development and stem cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guina Cui
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jingxuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Jiatong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaochen Kou
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhongqu Su
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yiliang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Tingjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Lili Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Wenhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Xuanning Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Qingqing Wei
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Shaorong Gao
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Kerong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention of Shandong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, China.
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10
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Hu Y, Bruinstroop E, Hollenberg AN, Fliers E, Boelen A. The role of WD40 repeat-containing proteins in endocrine (dys)function. J Mol Endocrinol 2023; 71:e220217. [PMID: 37256579 DOI: 10.1530/jme-22-0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
WD40 repeat-containing proteins play a key role in many cellular functions including signal transduction, protein degradation, and apoptosis. The WD40 domain is highly conserved, and its typical structure is a β-propeller consisting of 4-8 blades which probably serves as a scaffold for protein-protein interaction. Some WD40 repeat-containing proteins form part of the corepressor complex of nuclear hormone receptors, a family of ligand-dependent transcription factors that play a central role in the regulation of gene transcription. This explains their involvement in endocrine physiology and pathology. In the present review, we first touch upon the structure of WD40 repeat-containing proteins. Next, we describe our current understanding of the role of WD40 domain-containing proteins in nuclear receptor signaling, e.g., as corepressor or coactivator. In the final part of this review, we focus on WD40 domain-containing proteins that are associated with endocrine pathologies. These pathologies vary from isolated dysfunction of one endocrine axis, e.g., congenital isolated central hypothyroidism, to more complex congenital syndromes comprising endocrine phenotypes, such as the Triple-A syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Hu
- Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eveline Bruinstroop
- Department of Endocrinology, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anthony N Hollenberg
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eric Fliers
- Department of Endocrinology, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anita Boelen
- Endocrine Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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11
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Teuscher KB, Chowdhury S, Meyers KM, Tian J, Sai J, Van Meveren M, South TM, Sensintaffar JL, Rietz TA, Goswami S, Wang J, Grieb BC, Lorey SL, Howard GC, Liu Q, Moore WJ, Stott GM, Tansey WP, Lee T, Fesik SW. Structure-based discovery of potent WD repeat domain 5 inhibitors that demonstrate efficacy and safety in preclinical animal models. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2211297120. [PMID: 36574664 PMCID: PMC9910433 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2211297120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
WD repeat domain 5 (WDR5) is a core scaffolding component of many multiprotein complexes that perform a variety of critical chromatin-centric processes in the nucleus. WDR5 is a component of the mixed lineage leukemia MLL/SET complex and localizes MYC to chromatin at tumor-critical target genes. As a part of these complexes, WDR5 plays a role in sustaining oncogenesis in a variety of human cancers that are often associated with poor prognoses. Thus, WDR5 has been recognized as an attractive therapeutic target for treating both solid and hematological tumors. Previously, small-molecule inhibitors of the WDR5-interaction (WIN) site and WDR5 degraders have demonstrated robust in vitro cellular efficacy in cancer cell lines and established the therapeutic potential of WDR5. However, these agents have not demonstrated significant in vivo efficacy at pharmacologically relevant doses by oral administration in animal disease models. We have discovered WDR5 WIN-site inhibitors that feature bicyclic heteroaryl P7 units through structure-based design and address the limitations of our previous series of small-molecule inhibitors. Importantly, our lead compounds exhibit enhanced on-target potency, excellent oral pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles, and potent dose-dependent in vivo efficacy in a mouse MV4:11 subcutaneous xenograft model by oral dosing. Furthermore, these in vivo probes show excellent tolerability under a repeated high-dose regimen in rodents to demonstrate the safety of the WDR5 WIN-site inhibition mechanism. Collectively, our results provide strong support for WDR5 WIN-site inhibitors to be utilized as potential anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin B. Teuscher
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN37232-0146
| | - Somenath Chowdhury
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN37232-0146
| | - Kenneth M. Meyers
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN37232-0146
| | - Jianhua Tian
- Molecular Design and Synthesis Center, Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN37232-0142
| | - Jiqing Sai
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN37232-0146
| | - Mayme Van Meveren
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN37232-0146
| | - Taylor M. South
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN37232-0146
| | - John L. Sensintaffar
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN37232-0146
| | - Tyson A. Rietz
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN37232-0146
| | - Soumita Goswami
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN37232-0146
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN37232-0004
- Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN37232-0004
| | - Brian C. Grieb
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN37232-0146
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN37232-0011
| | - Shelly L. Lorey
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN37232-0146
| | - Gregory C. Howard
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN37232-0146
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN37232-0004
- Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN37232-0004
| | - William J. Moore
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD21702-1201
| | - Gordon M. Stott
- Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD21701-4907
| | - William P. Tansey
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN37232-0146
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN37232-0146
| | - Taekyu Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN37232-0146
| | - Stephen W. Fesik
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN37232-0146
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN37232-0146
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN37232-0146
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12
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Liang RP, Zhang XX, Zhao J, Lu QW, Zhu RT, Wang WJ, Li J, Bo K, Zhang CX, Sun YL. RING finger and WD repeat domain 3 regulates proliferation and metastasis through the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:3435-3454. [PMID: 36158256 PMCID: PMC9346462 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i27.3435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) exhibits high invasiveness and mortality rates, and the molecular mechanisms of HCC have gained increasing research interest. The abnormal DNA damage response has long been recognized as one of the important factors for tumor occurrence and development. Recent studies have shown the potential of the protein RING finger and WD repeat domain 3 (RFWD3) that positively regulates p53 stability in response to DNA damage as a therapeutic target in cancers.
AIM To investigate the relationship between HCC and RFWD3 in vitro and in vivo and explored the underlying molecular signalling transduction pathways.
METHODS RFWD3 gene expression was analyzed in HCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues. Lentivirus was used to stably knockdown RFWD3 expression in HCC cell lines. After verifying the silencing efficiency, Celigo/cell cycle/apoptosis and MTT assays were used to evaluate cell proliferation and apoptosis. Subsequently, cell migration and invasion were assessed by wound healing and transwell assays. In addition, transduced cells were implanted subcutaneously and injected into the tail vein of nude mice to observe tumor growth and metastasis. Next, we used lentiviral-mediated rescue of RFWD3 shRNA to verify the phenotype. Finally, the microarray, ingenuity pathway analysis, and western blot analysis were used to analyze the regulatory network underlying HCC.
RESULTS Compared with adjacent tissues, RFWD3 expression levels were significantly higher in clinical HCC tissues and correlated with tumor size and TNM stage (P < 0.05), which indicated a poor prognosis state. RFWD3 silencing in BEL-7404 and HCC-LM3 cells increased apoptosis, decreased growth, and inhibited the migration in shRNAi cells compared with those in shCtrl cells (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the in vitro results were supported by the findings of the in vivo experiments with the reduction of tumor cell invasion and migration. Moreover, the rescue of RFWD3 shRNAi resulted in the resumption of invasion and metastasis in HCC cell lines. Finally, gene expression profiling and subsequent experimental verification revealed that RFWD3 might influence the proliferation and metastasis of HCC via the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway.
CONCLUSION We provide evidence for the expression and function of RFWD3 in HCC. RFWD3 affects the prognosis, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of HCC by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Peng Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiao-Xue Zhang
- Department of Physical Examination, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Qin-Wei Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Rong-Tao Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Wei-Jie Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Kai Bo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Chi-Xian Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Yu-Ling Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
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13
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Zhang Y, Hong X, Hua S, Jiang K. Reconstitution and mechanistic dissection of the human microtubule branching machinery. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:e202109053. [PMID: 35604367 PMCID: PMC9129923 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202109053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Branching microtubule (MT) nucleation is mediated by the augmin complex and γ-tubulin ring complex (γ-TuRC). However, how these two complexes work together to promote this process remains elusive. Here, using purified components from native and recombinant sources, we demonstrate that human augmin and γ-TuRC are sufficient to reconstitute the minimal MT branching machinery, in which NEDD1 bridges between augmin holo complex and GCP3/MZT1 subcomplex of γ-TuRC. The single-molecule experiment suggests that oligomerization of augmin may activate the branching machinery. We provide direct biochemical evidence that CDK1- and PLK1-dependent phosphorylation are crucial for NEDD1 binding to augmin, for their synergistic MT-binding activities, and hence for branching MT nucleation. In addition, we unveil that NEDD1 possesses an unanticipated intrinsic affinity for MTs via its WD40 domain, which also plays a pivotal role in the branching process. In summary, our study provides a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms of branching MT nucleation in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqian Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing Hong
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shasha Hua
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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14
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Zhu Y, Peng X, Wang X, Ying P, Wang H, Li B, Li Y, Zhang M, Cai Y, Lu Z, Niu S, Yang N, Zhong R, Tian J, Chang J, Miao X. Systematic analysis on expression quantitative trait loci identifies a novel regulatory variant in ring finger and WD repeat domain 3 associated with prognosis of pancreatic cancer. Chin Med J (Engl) 2022; 135:1348-1357. [PMID: 35830250 PMCID: PMC9433068 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is an extremely lethal malignancy. Identification of the functional genes and genetic variants related to PAAD prognosis is important and challenging. Previously identified prognostic genes from several expression profile analyses were inconsistent. The regulatory genetic variants that affect PAAD prognosis were largely unknown. METHODS Firstly, a meta-analysis was performed with seven published datasets to systematically explore the candidate prognostic genes for PAAD. Next, to identify the regulatory variants for those candidate genes, expression quantitative trait loci analysis was implemented with PAAD data resources from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Then, a two-stage association study in a total of 893 PAAD patients was conducted to interrogate the regulatory variants and find the prognostic locus. Finally, a series of biochemical experiments and phenotype assays were carried out to demonstrate the biological function of variation and genes in PAAD progression process. RESULTS A total of 128 genes were identified associated with the PAAD prognosis in the meta-analysis. Fourteen regulatory loci in 12 of the 128 genes were discovered, among which, only rs4887783, the functional variant in the promoter of Ring Finger and WD Repeat Domain 3 ( RFWD3 ), presented significant association with PAAD prognosis in both stages of the population study. Dual-luciferase reporter and electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated that rs4887783-G allele, which predicts the worse prognosis, enhanced the binding of transcript factor REST, thus elevating RFWD3 expression. Further phenotypic assays revealed that excess expression of RFWD3 promoted tumor cell migration without affecting their proliferation rate. RFWD3 was highly expressed in PAAD and might orchestrate the genes in the DNA repair process. CONCLUSIONS RFWD3 and its regulatory variant are novel genetic factors for PAAD prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Xiating Peng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Pingting Ying
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Haoxue Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yimin Cai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Zequn Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Siyuan Niu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Rong Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Jianbo Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Jiang Chang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xiaoping Miao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
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15
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Gao KF, Zhao YF, Liao WJ, Xu GL, Zhang JD. CERS6-AS1 promotes cell proliferation and represses cell apoptosis in pancreatic cancer via miR-195-5p/WIPI2 axis. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2022; 38:542-553. [PMID: 35199935 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a lethal malignancy that threatens human health. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) act as important mediators in PC development. Our study aimed to investigate the function and mechanism of lncRNA ceramide synthase 6 antisense RNA 1 (CERS6-AS1) in PC. As shown by RT-qPCR, CERS6-AS1 was significantly upregulated in PC cells and tissues. Silencing CERS6-AS1 suppressed PC cell viability and proliferation while enhancing cell apoptosis according to colony formation assays, EdU assays, and flow cytometry analyses. Mechanistically, CERS6-AS1 interacted with miR-195-5p to elevate the expression level of the WD repeat domain phosphoinositide interacting 2 (WIPI2), which is a downstream target gene of miR-195-5p in PC. Moreover, miR-195-5p expression was negatively associated with CERS6-AS1 expression (or WIPI2 expression) in PC tissues. Rescue assays revealed that WIPI2 overexpression rescued the effects of CERS6-AS1 deficiency on cell viability, proliferation, and apoptosis. In summary, CERS6-AS1 facilitates PC cell proliferation while inhibiting PC cell apoptosis by upregulating WIPI2 via miR-195-5p. This study might provide promising insight into the role of CERS6-AS1 in PC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan-Fei Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hangzhou Xiaoshan No. 1 People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Fang Zhao
- Department of Operating Room, Hangzhou Xiaoshan No. 1 People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wu-Jun Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hangzhou Xiaoshan No. 1 People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Li Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hangzhou Xiaoshan No. 1 People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Dong Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hangzhou Xiaoshan No. 1 People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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16
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Teuscher KB, Meyers KM, Wei Q, Mills JJ, Tian J, Alvarado J, Sai J, Van Meveren M, South TM, Rietz TA, Zhao B, Moore WJ, Stott GM, Tansey WP, Lee T, Fesik SW. Discovery of Potent Orally Bioavailable WD Repeat Domain 5 (WDR5) Inhibitors Using a Pharmacophore-Based Optimization. J Med Chem 2022; 65:6287-6312. [PMID: 35436124 PMCID: PMC10081510 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
WD repeat domain 5 (WDR5) is a nuclear scaffolding protein that forms many biologically important multiprotein complexes. The WIN site of WDR5 represents a promising pharmacological target in a variety of human cancers. Here, we describe the optimization of our initial WDR5 WIN-site inhibitor using a structure-guided pharmacophore-based convergent strategy to improve its druglike properties and pharmacokinetic profile. The core of the previous lead remained constant while a focused SAR effort on the three pharmacophore units was combined to generate a new in vivo lead series. Importantly, this new series of compounds has picomolar binding affinity, improved cellular antiproliferative activity and selectivity, and increased kinetic aqueous solubility. They also exhibit a desirable oral pharmacokinetic profile with manageable intravenous clearance and high oral bioavailability. Thus, these new leads are useful probes toward studying the effects of WDR5 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - William J Moore
- Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland 21701-4907, United States
| | - Gordon M Stott
- Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland 21701-4907, United States
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17
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Kwantes M, Wichard T. The APAF1_C/WD40 repeat domain-encoding gene from the sea lettuce Ulva mutabilis sheds light on the evolution of NB-ARC domain-containing proteins in green plants. Planta 2022; 255:76. [PMID: 35235070 PMCID: PMC8891106 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03851-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We advance Ulva's genetic tractability and highlight its value as a model organism by characterizing its APAF1_C/WD40 domain-encoding gene, which belongs to a family that bears homology to R genes. The multicellular chlorophyte alga Ulva mutabilis (Ulvophyceae, Ulvales) is native to coastal ecosystems worldwide and attracts both high socio-economic and scientific interest. To further understand the genetic mechanisms that guide its biology, we present a protocol, based on adapter ligation-mediated PCR, for retrieving flanking sequences in U. mutabilis vector-insertion mutants. In the created insertional library, we identified a null mutant with an insertion in an apoptotic protease activating factor 1 helical domain (APAF1_C)/WD40 repeat domain-encoding gene. Protein domain architecture analysis combined with phylogenetic analysis revealed that this gene is a member of a subfamily that arose early in the evolution of green plants (Viridiplantae) through the acquisition of a gene that also encoded N-terminal nucleotide-binding adaptor shared by APAF-1, certain R-gene products and CED-4 (NB-ARC) and winged helix-like (WH-like) DNA-binding domains. Although phenotypic analysis revealed no mutant phenotype, gene expression levels in control plants correlated to the presence of bacterial symbionts, which U. mutabilis requires for proper morphogenesis. In addition, our analysis led to the discovery of a putative Ulva nucleotide-binding site and leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) Resistance protein (R-protein), and we discuss how the emergence of these R proteins in green plants may be linked to the evolution of the APAF1_C/WD40 protein subfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiel Kwantes
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstr. 8, 07743, Jena, Germany.
| | - Thomas Wichard
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstr. 8, 07743, Jena, Germany.
- Jena School for Microbial Communication, 07743, Jena, Germany.
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18
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Yang X, Wang J, Xia X, Zhang Z, He J, Nong B, Luo T, Feng R, Wu Y, Pan Y, Xiong F, Zeng Y, Chen C, Guo H, Xu Z, Li D, Deng G. OsTTG1, a WD40 repeat gene, regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis in rice. Plant J 2021; 107:198-214. [PMID: 33884679 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins play an important role in the growth of plants, and are beneficial to human health. In plants, the MYB-bHLH-WD40 (MBW) complex activates the genes for anthocyanin biosynthesis. However, in rice, the WD40 regulators remain to be conclusively identified. Here, a crucial anthocyanin biosynthesis gene was fine mapped to a 43.4-kb genomic region on chromosome 2, and a WD40 gene OsTTG1 (Oryza sativa TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA1) was identified as ideal candidate gene. Subsequently, a homozygous mutant (osttg1) generated by CRISPR/Cas9 showed significantly decreased anthocyanin accumulation in various rice organs. OsTTG1 was highly expressed in various rice tissues after germination, and it was affected by light and temperature. OsTTG1 protein was localized to the nucleus, and can physically interact with Kala4, OsC1, OsDFR and Rc. Furthermore, a total of 59 hub transcription factor genes might affect rice anthocyanin biosynthesis, and LOC_Os01g28680 and LOC_Os02g32430 could have functional redundancy with OsTTG1. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that directional selection has driven the evolutionary divergence of the indica and japonica OsTTG1 alleles. Our results suggest that OsTTG1 is a vital regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis, and an important gene resource for the genetic engineering of anthocyanin biosynthesis in rice and other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghai Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Junrui Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Polysaccharide Materials and Modifications, School of Marine Sciences and Biotechnology, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Xiuzhong Xia
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Zongqiong Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Jie He
- Agro-products Quality Safety and Testing Technology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Baoxuan Nong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Tongping Luo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Rui Feng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Yanyan Wu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Yinghua Pan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Faqian Xiong
- Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Can Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Hui Guo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Zhijian Xu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Danting Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Guofu Deng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
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19
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Cui D, Zhao S, Xu H, Allan AC, Zhang X, Fan L, Chen L, Su J, Shu Q, Li K. The interaction of MYB, bHLH and WD40 transcription factors in red pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) peel. Plant Mol Biol 2021; 106:407-417. [PMID: 34117570 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-021-01160-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sunlight enhanced peel color and significantly up-regulated the expression of PyMYB10 and PybHLH genes. MYB-bHLH-WD40 transcriptional complex forms in the light and is involved in regulating anthocyanin accumulation in the peel. Anthocyanin is the major pigment in the peel of Yunnan red pear (Pyrus pyrifolia (Burm.) Nak.). A transcriptional activation protein complex, involving members of the transcription factor classes of MYB, bHLH and WD40, regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis. This complex was examined in the peel of red pear. In order to clarify the interaction of PyMYB10, PybHLH and PyWD40, fruit were bagged then peel samples collected 0, 3, 5, and 7 days after bag removal. Samples were used for Western blotting and protein interaction analysis. The results showed that sunlight enhanced peel color and significantly up-regulated the expression of both PyMYB10 and PybHLH genes. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) analysis showed that PybHLH interacted with PyMYB10 or PyWD40, and PyMYB10 interacted with PyWD40. Using onion cells as a model system, bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) confirmed these interactions and showed that the interaction localized to the nuclei. GST Pull down and Far-Western blotting assays demonstrated that PybHLH interacted with PyMYB10 or PyWD40, respectively, and PyMYB10 interacted with PyWD40 in vitro. In addition, EMSA assay showed that PyMYB10 can directly bind to the promoter of the gene encoding the anthocyanin biosynthesis enzyme anthocyanidin synthase (PyANS). Taken together, these results showed that the ternary complex of PyMYB10, PybHLH and PyWD40 transcription factors forms to regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis and accumulation in Yunnan red pear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daolei Cui
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong, 650500, Kunming, China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Shuxin Zhao
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong, 650500, Kunming, China
| | - Huini Xu
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong, 650500, Kunming, China
| | - Andrew C Allan
- Plant and Food Research, Mt Albert Research Centre, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong, 650500, Kunming, China
| | - Lei Fan
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong, 650500, Kunming, China
| | - Limei Chen
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong, 650500, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Su
- Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650205, China
| | - Quan Shu
- Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650205, China
| | - Kunzhi Li
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong, 650500, Kunming, China.
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20
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Cortés GT, Beltran MMG, Gómez-Alegría CJ, Wiser MF. Identification of a protein unique to the genus Plasmodium that contains a WD40 repeat domain and extensive low-complexity sequence. Parasitol Res 2021; 120:2617-2629. [PMID: 34142223 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-021-07190-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Proteins containing WD40 domains play important roles in the formation of multiprotein complexes. Little is known about WD40 proteins in the malaria parasite. This report contains the initial description of a WD40 protein that is unique to the genus Plasmodium and possibly closely related genera. The N-terminal portion of this protein consists of seven WD40 repeats that are highly conserved in all Plasmodium species. Following the N-terminal region is a central region that is conserved within the major Plasmodium clades, such as parasites of great apes, monkeys, rodents, and birds, but partially conserved across all Plasmodium species. This central region contains extensive low-complexity sequence and is predicted to have a disordered structure. Proteins with disordered structure generally function in molecular interactions. The C-terminal region is semi-conserved across all Plasmodium species and has no notable features. This WD40 repeat protein likely functions in some aspect of parasite biology that is unique to Plasmodium and this uniqueness makes the protein a possible target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gladys T Cortés
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Grupo Biologia Celular, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Martha Margarita Gonzalez Beltran
- Ex alumna de la Maestría en Ciencias-Bioquímica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Grupo UNIMOL, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Claudio J Gómez-Alegría
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Grupo UNIMOL, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Mark F Wiser
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 2301, New Orleans, LA, 70112-2824, USA.
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21
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Deniston CK, Salogiannis J, Mathea S, Snead DM, Lahiri I, Matyszewski M, Donosa O, Watanabe R, Böhning J, Shiau AK, Knapp S, Villa E, Reck-Peterson SL, Leschziner AE. Structure of LRRK2 in Parkinson's disease and model for microtubule interaction. Nature 2020; 588:344-349. [PMID: 32814344 PMCID: PMC7726071 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2673-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is the most commonly mutated gene in familial Parkinson's disease1 and is also linked to its idiopathic form2. LRRK2 has been proposed to function in membrane trafficking3 and colocalizes with microtubules4. Despite the fundamental importance of LRRK2 for understanding and treating Parkinson's disease, structural information on the enzyme is limited. Here we report the structure of the catalytic half of LRRK2, and an atomic model of microtubule-associated LRRK2 built using a reported cryo-electron tomography in situ structure5. We propose that the conformation of the LRRK2 kinase domain regulates its interactions with microtubules, with a closed conformation favouring oligomerization on microtubules. We show that the catalytic half of LRRK2 is sufficient for filament formation and blocks the motility of the microtubule-based motors kinesin 1 and cytoplasmic dynein 1 in vitro. Kinase inhibitors that stabilize an open conformation relieve this interference and reduce the formation of LRRK2 filaments in cells, whereas inhibitors that stabilize a closed conformation do not. Our findings suggest that LRRK2 can act as a roadblock for microtubule-based motors and have implications for the design of therapeutic LRRK2 kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Deniston
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - J Salogiannis
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - S Mathea
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - D M Snead
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - I Lahiri
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Mohali, India
| | - M Matyszewski
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - O Donosa
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - R Watanabe
- Division of Biological Sciences, Molecular Biology Section, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - J Böhning
- Division of Biological Sciences, Molecular Biology Section, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - A K Shiau
- Small Molecule Discovery Program, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - S Knapp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - E Villa
- Division of Biological Sciences, Molecular Biology Section, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - S L Reck-Peterson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
- Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - A E Leschziner
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Division of Biological Sciences, Molecular Biology Section, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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22
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Hu J, Pi S, Xiong M, Liu Z, Huang X, An R, Zhang T, Yuan B. WD Repeat Domain 1 Deficiency Inhibits Neointima Formation in Mice Carotid Artery by Modulation of Smooth Muscle Cell Migration and Proliferation. Mol Cells 2020; 43:749-762. [PMID: 32868491 PMCID: PMC7468582 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2020.0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The migration, dedifferentiation, and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are responsible for intimal hyperplasia, but the mechanism of this process has not been elucidated. WD repeat domain 1 (WDR1) promotes actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF)/cofilin-mediated depolymerization of actin filaments (F-actin). The role of WDR1 in neointima formation and progression is still unknown. A model of intimal thickening was constructed by ligating the left common carotid artery in Wdr1 deletion mice, and H&E staining showed that Wdr1 deficiency significantly inhibits neointima formation. We also report that STAT3 promotes the proliferation and migration of VSMCs by directly promoting WDR1 transcription. Mechanistically, we clarified that WDR1 promotes the proliferation and migration of VSMCs and neointima formation is regulated by the activation of the JAK2/STAT3/WDR1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- JiSheng Hu
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei 43008, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work.
| | - ShangJing Pi
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei 43008, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work.
| | - MingRui Xiong
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei 43008, China
| | - ZhongYing Liu
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei 43008, China
| | - Xia Huang
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei 43008, China
| | - Ran An
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei 43008, China
| | - TongCun Zhang
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei 43008, China
| | - BaiYin Yuan
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, College of Life Science and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei 43008, China
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23
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Liu YC, Ma W, Niu JF, Li B, Zhou W, Liu S, Yan YP, Ma J, Wang ZZ. Systematic analysis of SmWD40s, and responding of SmWD40-170 to drought stress by regulation of ABA- and H 2O 2-induced stomal movement in Salvia miltiorrhiza bunge. Plant Physiol Biochem 2020; 153:131-140. [PMID: 32502715 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
WD40 proteins play crucial roles in response to abiotic stress. By screening the genome sequences of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, 225 SmWD40 genes were identified and divided into 9 subfamilies (I-IX). Physiological, biochemical, gene structure, conserved protein motif and GO annotation analyses were performed on SmWD40 family members. The SmWD40-170 was found in 110 SmWD40 genes that contain drought response elements, SmWD40-170 was one of these genes whose response in terms of expression under drought was significant. The expression of SmWD40-170 was also up-regulated by ABA and H2O2. Through observed the stomatal phenotype of SmWD40-170 transgenic lines, the stomatal closure was abolished under dehydration, ABA and H2O2 treatment in SmWD40-170 knockdown lines. Abscisic acid (ABA), as the key phytohormone, elevates reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels under drought stress. The ABA-ROS interaction mediated the generation of H2O2 and the activation of anion channel in guard cells. The osmolality alteration of guard cells further accelerated the stomatal closure. As a second messenger, nitric oxide (NO) regulated ABA signaling, the NO stimulated protein kinase activity inhibited the K+ influx which result in stomatal closure. These NO-relevant events were essential for ABA-induced stomatal closure. The reduction of NO production was also observed in the guard cells of SmWD40-170 knockdown lines. The abolished of stomatal closure attributed to the SmWD40-170 deficiency induced the reduction of NO content. In general, the SmWD40-170 is a critical drought response gene in SmWD40 gene family and regulates ABA- and H2O2-induced stomatal movement by affecting the synthesis of NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Chu Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, China.
| | - Wen Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, China.
| | - Jun-Feng Niu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, China.
| | - Bin Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, China.
| | - Wen Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, China.
| | - Shuai Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, China.
| | - Ya-Ping Yan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, China.
| | - Ji Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, China.
| | - Zhe-Zhi Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710119, China.
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Tian Y, Du J, Wu H, Guan X, Chen W, Hu Y, Fang L, Ding L, Li M, Yang D, Yang Q, Zhang T. The transcription factor MML4_D12 regulates fiber development through interplay with the WD40-repeat protein WDR in cotton. J Exp Bot 2020; 71:3499-3511. [PMID: 32149350 PMCID: PMC7475258 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In planta, a vital regulatory complex, MYB-basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH)-WD40 (MBW), is involved in trichome development and synthesis of anthocyanin and proanthocyanin in Arabidopsis. Usually, WD40 proteins provide a scaffold for protein-protein interaction between MYB and bHLH proteins. Members of subgroup 9 of the R2R3 MYB transcription factors, which includes MYBMIXTA-Like (MML) genes important for plant cell differentiation, are unable to interact with bHLH. In this study, we report that a cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) seed trichome or lint fiber-related GhMML factor, GhMML4_D12, interacts with a diverged WD40 protein (GhWDR) in a process similar to but different from that of the MBW ternary complex involved in Arabidopsis trichome development. Amino acids 250-267 of GhMML4_D12 and the first and third WD40 repeat domains of GhWDR determine their interaction. GhWDR could rescue Arabidopsis ttg1 to its wild type, confirming its orthologous function in trichome development. Our findings shed more light towards understanding the key role of the MML and WD40 families in plants and in the improvement of cotton fiber production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Tian
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingjing Du
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huaitong Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Xueying Guan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weihang Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Yan Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Fang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linyun Ding
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Menglin Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Duofeng Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Qinli Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Tianzhen Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cotton Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
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Macdonald JD, Simon SC, Han C, Wang F, Shaw JG, Howes JE, Sai J, Yuh JP, Camper D, Alicie BM, Alvarado J, Nikhar S, Payne W, Aho ER, Bauer JA, Zhao B, Phan J, Thomas LR, Rossanese OW, Tansey WP, Waterson AG, Stauffer SR, Fesik SW. Discovery and Optimization of Salicylic Acid-Derived Sulfonamide Inhibitors of the WD Repeat-Containing Protein 5-MYC Protein-Protein Interaction. J Med Chem 2019; 62:11232-11259. [PMID: 31724864 PMCID: PMC6933084 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of tumors driven by overexpression or amplification of MYC oncogenes remains a significant challenge in drug discovery. Here, we present a new strategy toward the inhibition of MYC via the disruption of the protein-protein interaction between MYC and its chromatin cofactor WD Repeat-Containing Protein 5. Blocking the association of these proteins is hypothesized to disrupt the localization of MYC to chromatin, thus disrupting the ability of MYC to sustain tumorigenesis. Utilizing a high-throughput screening campaign and subsequent structure-guided design, we identify small-molecule inhibitors of this interaction with potent in vitro binding affinity and report structurally related negative controls that can be used to study the effect of this disruption. Our work suggests that disruption of this protein-protein interaction may provide a path toward an effective approach for the treatment of multiple tumors and anticipate that the molecules disclosed can be used as starting points for future efforts toward compounds with improved drug-like properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D. Macdonald
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - Selena Chacón Simon
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - Changho Han
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - J. Grace Shaw
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - Jennifer E. Howes
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - Jiqing Sai
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - Joannes P. Yuh
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - Demarco Camper
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - Bethany M. Alicie
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - Joseph Alvarado
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - Sameer Nikhar
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - William Payne
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - Erin R. Aho
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - Joshua A. Bauer
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - Jason Phan
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - Lance R. Thomas
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - Olivia W. Rossanese
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - William P. Tansey
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - Alex G. Waterson
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - Shaun R. Stauffer
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
| | - Stephen W. Fesik
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232
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26
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Xu X, Wan W, Jiang G, Xi Y, Huang H, Cai J, Chang Y, Duan CG, Mangrauthia SK, Peng X, Zhu JK, Zhu G. Nucleocytoplasmic Trafficking of the Arabidopsis WD40 Repeat Protein XIW1 Regulates ABI5 Stability and Abscisic Acid Responses. Mol Plant 2019; 12:1598-1611. [PMID: 31295628 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
WD40 repeat-containing proteins (WD40 proteins) serve as versatile scaffolds for protein-protein interactions, modulating a variety of cellular processes such as plant stress and hormone responses. Here we report the identification of a WD40 protein, XIW1 (for XPO1-interacting WD40 protein 1), which positively regulates the abscisic acid (ABA) response in Arabidopsis. XIW1 is located in the cytoplasm and nucleus. We found that it interacts with the nuclear transport receptor XPO1 and is exported by XPO1 from the nucleus. Mutation of XIW1 reduces the induction of ABA-responsive genes and the accumulation of ABA Insensitive 5 (ABI5), causing mutant plants with ABA-insensitive phenotypes during seed germination and seedling growth, and decreased drought stress resistance. ABA treatment upregulates the expression of XIW1, and both ABA and abiotic stresses promote XIW1 accumulation in the nucleus, where it interacts with ABI5. Loss of XIW1 function results in rapid proteasomal degradation of ABI5. Taken together, these findings suggest that XIW1 is a nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein and plays a positive role in ABA responses by interacting with and maintaining the stability of ABI5 in the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhong Xu
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wang Wan
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Guobin Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yue Xi
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Haijian Huang
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiajia Cai
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yanan Chang
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Cheng-Guo Duan
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China
| | | | - Xinxiang Peng
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jian-Kang Zhu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China; Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Guohui Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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27
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Wei Z, Cheng Y, Zhou C, Li D, Gao X, Zhang S, Chen M. Genome-Wide Identification of Direct Targets of the TTG1-bHLH-MYB Complex in Regulating Trichome Formation and Flavonoid Accumulation in Arabidopsis Thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20205014. [PMID: 31658678 PMCID: PMC6829465 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive studies have shown that the MBW complex consisting of three kinds of regulatory proteins, MYB and basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) transcription factors and a WD40 repeat protein, TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA1 (TTG1), acts in concert to promote trichome formation and flavonoid accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana. TTG1 functions as an essential activator in these two biological processes. However, direct downstream targets of the TTG1-dependent MBW complex have not yet been obtained in the two biological processes at the genome-wide level in A. thaliana. In the present study, we found, through RNA sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR analysis, that a great number of regulatory and structural genes involved in both trichome formation and flavonoid accumulation are significantly downregulated in the young shoots and expanding true leaves of ttg1-13 plants. Post-translational activation of a TTG1-glucocorticoid receptor fusion protein and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that these downregulated genes are directly or indirectly targeted by the TTG1-dependent MBW complex in vivo during trichome formation and flavonoid accumulation. These findings further extend our understanding of the role of TTG1-dependent MBW complex in the regulation of trichome formation and flavonoid accumulation in A. thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelou Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yalong Cheng
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
- Qinling National Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Huoditang, Ningshan 711600, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Chenchen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Shuoxin Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
- Qinling National Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Huoditang, Ningshan 711600, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Mingxun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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28
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Shan X, Li Y, Yang S, Gao R, Zhou L, Bao T, Han T, Wang S, Gao X, Wang L. A functional homologue of Arabidopsis TTG1 from Freesia interacts with bHLH proteins to regulate anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in both Freesia hybrida and Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Physiol Biochem 2019; 141:60-72. [PMID: 31128564 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The MBW complex, consisting of MYB, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) and WD40 proteins, regulates multiple traits in plants, such as anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin biosynthesis and cell fate determination. The complex has been widely identified in dicot plants, whereas few studies are concentrated on monocot plants which are of crucial importance to decipher its functional diversities among angiosperms during evolution. In present study, a WD40 gene from Freesia hybrida, designated as FhTTG1, was cloned and functionally characterized. Real-time PCR analysis indicated that it was expressed synchronously with the accumulation of both proanthocyanidins and anthocyanins in Freesia flowers. Transient protoplast transfection and biomolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays demonstrated that FhTTG1 could interact with FhbHLH proteins (FhTT8L and FhGL3L) to constitute the MBW complex. Moreover, the transportation of FhTTG1 to nucleus was found to rely on FhbHLH factors. Outstandingly, FhTTG1 could highly activate the anthocyanin or proanthocyanidin biosynthesis related gene promoters when co-transfected with MYB and bHLH partners, implying that FhTTG1 functioned as a member of MBW complex to control the anthocyanin or proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in Freesia hybrida. Further ectopic expression assays in Arabidopsis ttg1-1 showed the defective phenotypes of ttg1-1 were partially restored. Molecular biological assays validated FhTTG1 might interact with the endogenous bHLH factors to up-regulate genes responsible for anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin biosynthesis and trichome formation, indicating that FhTTG1 might perform exchangeable roles with AtTTG1. These results will not only contribute to the characterization of FhTTG1 in Freesia but also shed light on the establishment of flavonoid regulatory system in monocot plants, especially in Freesia hybrida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Shan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics & Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yueqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics & Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Song Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics & Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruifang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics & Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Liudi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics & Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Tingting Bao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics & Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Taotao Han
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics & Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Shucai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics & Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics & Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biology Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE and Institute of Genetics & Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.
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29
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Patel-King RS, Sakato-Antoku M, Yankova M, King SM. WDR92 is required for axonemal dynein heavy chain stability in cytoplasm. Mol Biol Cell 2019; 30:1834-1845. [PMID: 31116681 PMCID: PMC6727741 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e19-03-0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
WDR92 associates with a prefoldin-like cochaperone complex and known dynein assembly factors. WDR92 has been very highly conserved and has a phylogenetic signature consistent with it playing a role in motile ciliary assembly or activity. Knockdown of WDR92 expression in planaria resulted in ciliary loss, reduced beat frequency and dyskinetic motion of the remaining ventral cilia. We have now identified a Chlamydomonas wdr92 mutant that encodes a protein missing the last four WD repeats. The wdr92-1 mutant builds only ∼0.7-μm cilia lacking both inner and outer dynein arms, but with intact doublet microtubules and central pair. When cytoplasmic extracts prepared by freeze/thaw from a control strain were fractionated by gel filtration, outer arm dynein components were present in several distinct high molecular weight complexes. In contrast, wdr92-1 extracts almost completely lacked all three outer arm heavy chains, while the IFT dynein heavy chain was present in normal amounts. A wdr92-1 tpg1-2 double mutant builds ∼7-μm immotile flaccid cilia that completely lack dynein arms. These data indicate that WDR92 is a key assembly factor specifically required for the stability of axonemal dynein heavy chains in cytoplasm and suggest that cytoplasmic/IFT dynein heavy chains use a distinct folding pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramila S. Patel-King
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030-3305
| | - Miho Sakato-Antoku
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030-3305
| | - Maya Yankova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030-3305
- Electron Microscopy Facility, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030-3305
| | - Stephen M. King
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030-3305
- Electron Microscopy Facility, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030-3305
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30
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Collins J, O'Grady K, Chen S, Gurley W. The C-terminal WD40 repeats on the TOPLESS co-repressor function as a protein-protein interaction surface. Plant Mol Biol 2019; 100:47-58. [PMID: 30783952 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-019-00842-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The two predicted WD40 propellers on TOPLESS function as protein-protein interaction domains. The 1st WD40 propeller mediates interaction with RAV1, and the 2nd WD40 propeller mediates interaction with VRN5. The TOPLESS/TOPLESS-RELATED (TPL/TPR) co-repressor family proteins are known to interact with a wide variety of proteins including transcription factors, Mediator subunits, histone deacetylases, and histone tails. Through these interactions, TPL/TPR act to repress transcription in an increasingly diverse array of plant pathways. Proteins that bind TPL/TPR typically contain one or more Repression Domains (RDs) that mediate the interaction. For example, the well-characterized Ethylene response factor-associated Amphiphilic Repression (EAR) motif is known to facilitate interaction by binding the TOPLESS Domain (TPD) located in the N-terminus. Here we show that in yeast two-hybrid assays, the non-EAR protein, Related to ABI3/VP1-1 (RAV1), binds a novel region located within the first nine WD40-repeats of TPL. Protein modeling and in silico analysis suggest that these nine WD40 repeats may form the first of two WD40 propellers located on C-terminus of TPL. The interaction between RAV1 and the 1st WD40 propeller is conserved with another RAV family member, TEMPRANILLO1 (TEM1) and is mediated by the B3 Repression Domain (BRD) located on both RAV1 and TEM1. Also, the predicted 2nd WD40 propeller was shown in yeast cells to bind Vernalization 5 (VRN5), which contains several unconfirmed partial RDs. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the 1st WD40 propeller of TPL can form a complex with RAV1 both in yeast and in Arabidopsis protoplasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Collins
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kevin O'Grady
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sixue Chen
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry, Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - William Gurley
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, PO Box 110700, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
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31
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Kung JE, Jura N. The pseudokinase TRIB1 toggles an intramolecular switch to regulate COP1 nuclear export. EMBO J 2019; 38:e99708. [PMID: 30692133 PMCID: PMC6376274 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201899708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
COP1 is a highly conserved ubiquitin ligase that regulates diverse cellular processes in plants and metazoans. Tribbles pseudokinases, which only exist in metazoans, act as scaffolds that interact with COP1 and its substrates to facilitate ubiquitination. Here, we report that, in addition to this scaffolding role, TRIB1 promotes nuclear localization of COP1 by disrupting an intramolecular interaction between the WD40 domain and a previously uncharacterized regulatory site within COP1. This site, which we have termed the pseudosubstrate latch (PSL), resembles the consensus COP1-binding motif present in known COP1 substrates. Our findings support a model in which binding of the PSL to the WD40 domain stabilizes a conformation of COP1 that is conducive to CRM1-mediated nuclear export, and TRIB1 displaces this intramolecular interaction to induce nuclear retention of COP1. Coevolution of Tribbles and the PSL in metazoans further underscores the importance of this role of Tribbles in regulating COP1 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E Kung
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Natalia Jura
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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32
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Yuan Y, Qi G, Shen H, Guo A, Cao F, Zhu Y, Xiao C, Chang W, Zheng S. Clinical significance and biological function of WD repeat domain 54 as an oncogene in colorectal cancer. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:1584-1595. [PMID: 29987896 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, protein-protein interactions have become an attractive candidate for identifying biomarkers and drug targets for various diseases. However, WD40 repeat (WDR) domain proteins, some of the most abundant mediators of protein interactions, are largely unexplored. In our study, 57 of 361 known WDR proteins were identified as hub nodes, and a hub (WDR54) with elevated mRNA in colorectal cancer (CRC) was selected for further study. Immunohistochemistry of specimens from 945 patients confirmed the elevated expression of WDR54 in CRC, and we found that patients with WDR54-high tumors typically had a shorter disease-specific survival (DSS) than those with WDR54-low tumors, especially for the subgroup without well-differentiated tumors. Multivariate analysis showed that WDR54-high tumors were an independent risk factor for DSS, with a hazard ratio of 2.981 (95% confidence interval, 1.425-6.234; p = 0.004). Knockdown of WDR54 significantly inhibited the growth and aggressiveness of CRC cells and reduced tumor growth in a xenograft model. Each WDR54 isoform (a, b, and c) was found to reverse the inhibitory effect of WDR54 knockdown; however, only isoform c, which exhibited the highest expression, was increased in CRC cells. Sensitization of WDR54 knockdown to an SHP2 inhibitor was consistently found in CRC cells, and the underlying mechanism involved their common function in regulating AKT and ERK signaling. In conclusion, the present study is the first to investigate the significance of WDR54 in cancer and to conclude that WDR54 serves as an oncogene in CRC and may be a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuncang Yuan
- School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Department of Environmental Hygiene, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoxiang Qi
- School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Department of Environmental Hygiene, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Shen
- Department of Environmental Hygiene, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aizhen Guo
- Department of General Practice, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fuao Cao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunjie Xiao
- School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Wenjun Chang
- Department of Environmental Hygiene, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Li H, Luo N, Wang W, Liu Z, Chen J, Zhao L, Tan L, Wang C, Qin Y, Li C, Xu T, Yang Z. The REN4 rheostat dynamically coordinates the apical and lateral domains of Arabidopsis pollen tubes. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2573. [PMID: 29968705 PMCID: PMC6030205 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04838-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic maintenance of polar domains in the plasma membrane (PM) is critical for many fundamental processes, e.g., polar cell growth and growth guidance but remains poorly characterized. Rapid tip growth of Arabidopsis pollen tubes requires dynamic distribution of active ROP1 GTPase to the apical domain. Here, we show that clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) coordinates lateral REN4 with apical ROP1 signaling. REN4 interacted with but antagonized active ROP1. REN4 also interacts and co-localizes with CME components, but exhibits an opposite role to CME, which removes both REN4 and active ROP1 from the PM. Mathematical modeling shows that REN4 restrains the spatial distribution of active ROP1 and is important for the robustness of polarity control. Hence our results indicate that REN4 acts as a spatiotemporal rheostat by interacting with ROP1 to initiate their removal from the PM by CME, thereby coordinating a dynamic demarcation between apical and lateral domains during rapid tip growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecolog, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201602, Shanghai, China
- Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, and Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92508, USA
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Luo
- Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, and Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92508, USA
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metebolomics, Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, and Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92508, USA
| | - Zengyu Liu
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metebolomics, Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jisheng Chen
- Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, and Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92508, USA
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metebolomics, Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liangtao Zhao
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecolog, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201602, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Tan
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecolog, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201602, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecolog, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201602, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metebolomics, Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Tongda Xu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecolog, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201602, Shanghai, China
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metebolomics, Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhenbiao Yang
- Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, and Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92508, USA.
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metebolomics, Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002, Fuzhou, China.
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Liu Y, Hou H, Jiang X, Wang P, Dai X, Chen W, Gao L, Xia T. A WD40 Repeat Protein from Camellia sinensis Regulates Anthocyanin and Proanthocyanidin Accumulation through the Formation of MYB⁻bHLH⁻WD40 Ternary Complexes. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061686. [PMID: 29882778 PMCID: PMC6032167 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavan-3-ols and oligomeric proanthocyanidins (PAs) are the main nutritional polyphenols in green tea (Camellia sinensis), which provide numerous benefits to human health. To date, the regulatory mechanism of flavan-3-ol biosynthesis in green tea remains open to study. Herein, we report the characterization of a C. sinensis tryptophan-aspartic acid repeat protein (CsWD40) that interacts with myeloblastosis (MYB) and basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors (TFs) to regulate the biosynthesis of flavan-3-ols. Full length CsWD40 cDNA was cloned from leaves and was deduced to encode 342 amino acids. An in vitro yeast two-hybrid assay demonstrated that CsWD40 interacted with two bHLH TFs (CsGL3 and CsTT8) and two MYB TFs (CsAN2 and CsMYB5e). The overexpression of CsWD40 in Arabidopsis thaliana transparent testa glabra 1 (ttg1) restored normal trichome and seed coat development. Ectopic expression of CsWD40 alone in tobacco resulted in a significant increase in the anthocyanins of transgenic petals. CsWD40 was then coexpressed with CsMYB5e in tobacco plants to increase levels of both anthocyanins and PAs. Furthermore, gene expression analysis revealed that CsWD40 expression in tea plants could be induced by several abiotic stresses. Taken together, these data provide solid evidence that CsWD40 partners with bHLH and MYB TFs to form ternary WBM complexes to regulate anthocyanin, PA biosynthesis, and trichome development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Liu
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Hua Hou
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Xiaolan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Peiqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Xinlong Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Liping Gao
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Tao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
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35
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Fletcher K, Ulferts R, Jacquin E, Veith T, Gammoh N, Arasteh JM, Mayer U, Carding SR, Wileman T, Beale R, Florey O. The WD40 domain of ATG16L1 is required for its non-canonical role in lipidation of LC3 at single membranes. EMBO J 2018; 37:e97840. [PMID: 29317426 PMCID: PMC5813257 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201797840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of macroautophagy is the covalent lipidation of LC3 and insertion into the double-membrane phagophore, which is driven by the ATG16L1/ATG5-ATG12 complex. In contrast, non-canonical autophagy is a pathway through which LC3 is lipidated and inserted into single membranes, particularly endolysosomal vacuoles during cell engulfment events such as LC3-associated phagocytosis. Factors controlling the targeting of ATG16L1 to phagophores are dispensable for non-canonical autophagy, for which the mechanism of ATG16L1 recruitment is unknown. Here we show that the WD repeat-containing C-terminal domain (WD40 CTD) of ATG16L1 is essential for LC3 recruitment to endolysosomal membranes during non-canonical autophagy, but dispensable for canonical autophagy. Using this strategy to inhibit non-canonical autophagy specifically, we show a reduction of MHC class II antigen presentation in dendritic cells from mice lacking the WD40 CTD Further, we demonstrate activation of non-canonical autophagy dependent on the WD40 CTD during influenza A virus infection. This suggests dependence on WD40 CTD distinguishes between macroautophagy and non-canonical use of autophagy machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachel Ulferts
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elise Jacquin
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Talitha Veith
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Noor Gammoh
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | | | - Simon R Carding
- Quadrum Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | | | - Rupert Beale
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Oliver Florey
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
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36
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DiStasio A, Driver A, Sund K, Donlin M, Muraleedharan RM, Pooya S, Kline-Fath B, Kaufman KM, Prows CA, Schorry E, Dasgupta B, Stottmann RW. Copb2 is essential for embryogenesis and hypomorphic mutations cause human microcephaly. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:4836-4848. [PMID: 29036432 PMCID: PMC5886270 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary microcephaly is a congenital brain malformation characterized by a head circumference less than three standard deviations below the mean for age and sex and results in moderate to severe mental deficiencies and decreased lifespan. We recently studied two children with primary microcephaly in an otherwise unaffected family. Exome sequencing identified an autosomal recessive mutation leading to an amino acid substitution in a WD40 domain of the highly conserved Coatomer Protein Complex, Subunit Beta 2 (COPB2). To study the role of Copb2 in neural development, we utilized genome-editing technology to generate an allelic series in the mouse. Two independent null alleles revealed that Copb2 is essential for early stages of embryogenesis. Mice homozygous for the patient variant (Copb2R254C/R254C) appear to have a grossly normal phenotype, likely due to differences in corticogenesis between the two species. Strikingly, mice heterozygous for the patient mutation and a null allele (Copb2R254C/Zfn) show a severe perinatal phenotype including low neonatal weight, significantly increased apoptosis in the brain, and death within the first week of life. Immunostaining of the Copb2R254C/Zfnbrain revealed a reduction in layer V (CTIP2+) neurons, while the overall cell density of the cortex is unchanged. Moreover, neurospheres derived from animals with Copb2 variants grew less than control. These results identify a general requirement for COPB2 in embryogenesis and a specific role in corticogenesis. We further demonstrate the utility of CRISPR-Cas9 generated mouse models in the study of potential pathogenicity of variants of potential clinical interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew DiStasio
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Ashley Driver
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Kristen Sund
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Milene Donlin
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Ranjith M Muraleedharan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Shabnam Pooya
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Beth Kline-Fath
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Kenneth M Kaufman
- Division of Rheumatology and Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Cynthia A Prows
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Division of Patient Services, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Elizabeth Schorry
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Biplab Dasgupta
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Rolf W Stottmann
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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37
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Lan X, Atanassov BS, Li W, Zhang Y, Florens L, Mohan RD, Galardy PJ, Washburn MP, Workman JL, Dent SYR. USP44 Is an Integral Component of N-CoR that Contributes to Gene Repression by Deubiquitinating Histone H2B. Cell Rep 2017; 17:2382-2393. [PMID: 27880911 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.10.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Decreased expression of the USP44 deubiquitinase has been associated with global increases in H2Bub1 levels during mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) differentiation. However, whether USP44 directly deubiquitinates histone H2B or how its activity is targeted to chromatin is not known. We identified USP44 as an integral subunit of the nuclear receptor co-repressor (N-CoR) complex. USP44 within N-CoR deubiquitinates H2B in vitro and in vivo, and ablation of USP44 impairs the repressive activity of the N-CoR complex. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiments confirmed that USP44 recruitment reduces H2Bub1 levels at N-CoR target loci. Furthermore, high expression of USP44 correlates with reduced levels of H2Bub1 in the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Depletion of either USP44 or TBL1XR1 impairs the invasiveness of MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro and causes an increase of global H2Bub1 levels. Our findings indicate that USP44 contributes to N-CoR functions in regulating gene expression and is required for efficient invasiveness of triple-negative breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjiang Lan
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA; Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Boyko S Atanassov
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA; Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wenqian Li
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA; Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Ying Zhang
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Laurence Florens
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Ryan D Mohan
- University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Paul J Galardy
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Michael P Washburn
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Jerry L Workman
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Sharon Y R Dent
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA; Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Pauty J, Couturier AM, Rodrigue A, Caron MC, Coulombe Y, Dellaire G, Masson JY. Cancer-causing mutations in the tumor suppressor PALB2 reveal a novel cancer mechanism using a hidden nuclear export signal in the WD40 repeat motif. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:2644-2657. [PMID: 28158555 PMCID: PMC5389658 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
One typical mechanism to promote genomic instability, a hallmark of cancer, is to inactivate tumor suppressors, such as PALB2. It has recently been reported that mutations in PALB2 increase the risk of breast cancer by 8-9-fold by age 40 and the life time risk is ∼3-4-fold. To date, predicting the functional consequences of PALB2 mutations has been challenging as they lead to different cancer risks. Here, we performed a structure-function analysis of PALB2, using PALB2 truncated mutants (R170fs, L531fs, Q775X and W1038X), and uncovered a new mechanism by which cancer cells could drive genomic instability. Remarkably, the PALB2 W1038X mutant, harboring a mutation in its C-terminal domain, is still proficient in stimulating RAD51-mediated recombination in vitro, although it is unusually localized to the cytoplasm. After further investigation, we identified a hidden NES within the WD40 domain of PALB2 and found that the W1038X truncation leads to the exposure of this NES to CRM1, an export protein. This concept was also confirmed with another WD40-containing protein, RBBP4. Consequently, our studies reveal an unreported mechanism linking the nucleocytoplasmic translocation of PALB2 mutants to cancer formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris Pauty
- Genome Stability Laboratory, CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Axis, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 2J6, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology; Laval University Cancer Research Center, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Anthony M. Couturier
- Genome Stability Laboratory, CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Axis, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 2J6, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology; Laval University Cancer Research Center, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Amélie Rodrigue
- Genome Stability Laboratory, CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Axis, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 2J6, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology; Laval University Cancer Research Center, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Marie-Christine Caron
- Genome Stability Laboratory, CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Axis, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 2J6, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology; Laval University Cancer Research Center, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Yan Coulombe
- Genome Stability Laboratory, CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Axis, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 2J6, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology; Laval University Cancer Research Center, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Graham Dellaire
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Jean-Yves Masson
- Genome Stability Laboratory, CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Axis, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 2J6, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology; Laval University Cancer Research Center, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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39
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Chen C, Yin S, Liu X, Liu B, Yang S, Xue S, Cai Y, Black K, Liu H, Dong M, Zhang Y, Zhao B, Ren H. The WD-Repeat Protein CsTTG1 Regulates Fruit Wart Formation through Interaction with the Homeodomain-Leucine Zipper I Protein Mict. Plant Physiol 2016; 171:1156-68. [PMID: 27208299 PMCID: PMC4902597 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The cucumber (Cucumis sativus) fruit is covered with bloom trichomes and warts (composed of spines and tubercules), which have an important impact on the commercial value of the crop. However, little is known about the regulatory mechanism underlying their formation. Here, we reported that the cucumber WD-repeat homolog CsTTG1, which is localized in the nucleus and cytomembrane, plays an important role in the formation of cucumber fruit bloom trichomes and warts. Functional characterization of CsTTG1 revealed that it is mainly expressed in the epidermis of cucumber ovary and that its overexpression in cucumber alters the density of fruit bloom trichomes and spines, thereby promoting the warty fruit trait. Conversely, silencing CsTTG1 expression inhibits the initiation of fruit spines. Molecular and genetic analyses showed that CsTTG1 acts in parallel to Mict/CsGL1, a key trichome formation factor, to regulate the initiation of fruit trichomes, including fruit bloom trichomes and spines, and that the further differentiation of fruit spines and formation of tubercules regulated by CsTTG1 is dependent on Mict Using yeast two-hybrid assay and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay, we determined that CsTTG1 directly interacts with Mict. Collectively, our results indicate that CsTTG1 is an important component of the molecular network that regulates fruit bloom trichome and wart formation in cucumber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Yin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Xingwang Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Sen Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Shudan Xue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Yanling Cai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Kezia Black
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Huiling Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Mingming Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Yaqi Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Binyu Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Huazhong Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
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