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Lu X, Ye Y, Wang Y, Xu J, Sun J, Ji J, Zhang Y, Sun X. Rapid generation of high-quality recombinant antibodies using an Expi293F expression system for a 17 β-estradiol immunoassay. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 451:131126. [PMID: 36878029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The rapid generation of high-quality target antibodies is essential for research employing immunoassays. The use of recombinant antibody technology that relies on genetic engineering is one such means to produce high-quality antibodies. Obtaining the gene sequence information of immunoglobulin is a prerequisite for the preparation of genetically engineered antibodies. At present, many researchers have shared their amino acid sequence data for various high-performance antibodies and their related properties. In this study, we obtained the protein sequence of a variable region of a 17 β-estradiol (E2) antibody from the Protein Data Bank (PDB) and subsequently constructed heavy (H) and light (L) chain expression vectors through codon optimization. The transient expression, purification, and performance identification of the immunoglobulin G (IgG), antigen-binding fragment (Fab), and single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies were carried out, respectively. The effects of the different expression vectors on the expression yield of the IgG antibody were further compared. Among them, the expression yield based on the pTT5 vector was the highest, reaching 27 mg/L. Based on the expressed IgG and Fab antibodies, an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-ELISA) standard curve of E2 was constructed, and the half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) for these two antibodies were determined to be 0.129 ng/mL and 0.188 ng/mL, respectively. In addition, an immunochromatographic assay (ICA) based on the IgG antibody was constructed with an IC50 of 3.7 ng/mL. Therefore, in featuring the advantages of simplicity, high efficiency, rapid obtainment, and high titer yield, we propose the system for the rapid generation of high-quality recombinant antibodies by reusing the published antibody information and show that it has good implementation prospects in improving upon existing immunoassay techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Yongli Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Yunyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Jia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Jiadi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Jian Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Yinzhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Xiulan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China.
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Yamaki K, Ohta K, Kobayashi N, Morita I, Kiguchi Y, Oyama H, Ito K, Nanbo A, Oh-oka H, Koyama Y, Kawata Y, Fujisawa H, Ohta M. Purification of Emu IgY for Therapeutic and Diagnostic Use Based on Monoclonal Secondary Antibodies Specific to Emu IgY. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:1022-1026. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kouya Yamaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Kobe Pharmaceutical University
| | - Kiyoe Ohta
- Research Institute for Production Development
| | | | - Izumi Morita
- Department of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University
| | - Yuki Kiguchi
- Department of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University
| | - Hiroyuki Oyama
- Department of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University
| | - Ken Ito
- The Archives Division, The Museum of Osaka University, Osaka University
| | - Asuka Nanbo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Virology, National Research Center for the Control and Prevention of Infectious Diseases, Nagasaki University
| | - Hirozo Oh-oka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University
| | - Yutaka Koyama
- Department of Pharmacology, Kobe Pharmaceutical University
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Morita I, Kiguchi Y, Oyama H, Yamaki K, Sakio N, Kashiwabara K, Kuroda Y, Ito A, Yokota A, Ikeda N, Kikura-Hanajiri R, Ueda H, Numazawa S, Yoshida T, Kobayashi N. Derivatization-assisted immunoassays: application for group-specific detection of potent methamphetamine and amphetamine enantiomers. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:2745-2753. [PMID: 35785801 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay00940d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Reliable and feasible tools for detecting (S)-methamphetamine [(S)-MAP] and (S)-amphetamine [(S)-AP] are required for regulating their illicit circulation. Antibodies that react equally to these stimulants are desirable for this purpose, but have been difficult to generate because of the crucial difference between their characteristic structures: i.e., N-methylamino (MAP) and amino (AP) groups. Furthermore, their small molecular masses (Mr < 150) have hampered the generation of high-affinity antibodies. To overcome these problems, we converted (S)-MAP and -AP into their 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl carbamate forms, Teoc-(S)-MAP and -AP, respectively, as surrogate analytes. The Teoc-derivatization not only increases their molecular masses, but also masks their structural differences. We generated a novel monoclonal antibody that showed a satisfactory affinity to Teoc-(S)-MAP residues (Kd = 13 nM as the IgG form) and developed a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using microplates containing immobilized Teoc-(S)-MAP residues. Almost overlapping dose-response curves were obtained for Teoc-(S)-MAP and -AP, with the limit of detection of 0.078 and 0.10 ng per assay, respectively. A fixed amount of test powder sample (1 mg) was derivatized with Teoc-O-succinimidyl for 5 min, and subjected to ELISA using Teoc-(S)-MAP as the calibration standard. Under this protocol, (S)-MAP and -AP were converted to their Teoc derivatives with 30% and 34% yield, respectively, determined using ELISA as "Teoc-(S)-MAP equivalent," being distinguished from the derivatization products of (R)-MAP, (R)-AP, ephedrine, (S)-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, tyramine, dopamine, and β-alanine. This ELISA detected as little as 10 μg of (S)-MAP and -AP, and (S)-MAP in urine obtained from (S)-MAP-administered rats. Immunochromatography devices were also developed using gold nanoparticles coated with the monoclonal antibody, with which 0.10 mg of (S)-MAP and -AP was detected by the naked eye. We conclude that the present derivatization-assisted immunoassays may be useful for the detection of (S)-MAP and/or -AP in early stage screening of suspicious substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Morita
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan.
| | - Yuki Kiguchi
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Oyama
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan.
| | - Kouya Yamaki
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan.
| | - Nami Sakio
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Kashiwabara
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan.
| | - Yumi Kuroda
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan.
| | - Aya Ito
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan.
| | - Asaka Yokota
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan.
| | - Natsumi Ikeda
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan.
| | - Ruri Kikura-Hanajiri
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-9501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ueda
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Satoshi Numazawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, Showa University School of Pharmacy, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Takemi Yoshida
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, Showa University School of Pharmacy, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
- Council on Pharmacists Credentials, 1-9-2 Nishi-shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0003, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kobayashi
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan.
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Morita I, Kiguchi Y, Nakamura S, Yoshida A, Kubo H, Ishida M, Oyama H, Kobayashi N. More than 370-Fold Increase in Antibody Affinity to Estradiol-17β by Exploring Substitutions in the V H-CDR3. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:851-855. [PMID: 35786593 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Antibodies that specifically target biomarkers are essential in clinical diagnosis. Genetic engineering has assisted in designing novel antibodies that offer greater antigen-binding affinities, thus providing more sensitive immunoassays. We have succeeded in generating a single-chain Fv fragment (scFv) targeted estradiol-17β (E2) with more than 370-fold improved affinity, based on a strategy focusing the complementarity-determining region 3 in the VH domain (VH-CDR3). Systematic exploration of amino acid substitutions therein, using a clonal array profiling, revealed a cluster of four substitutions, containing H99P and a serial substitution E100eN-I100fA-L100gQ that lead to a 90-fold increase in E2-binding affinity. This substitution quartet in the VH-CDR3, combined with the substitution cluster I29V/L36M/S77G in the VL domain, resulted in a scFv fragment with a further increase in the affinity (Ka, 3.2 × 1010 M-1). This enabled a highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay capable of detecting up to 0.78 pg/assay. The current study has, thus, focused on the significance of reevaluating the potential of mutagenesis targeting the VH-CDR3, and encouraging the production and use of engineered antibodies that enable enhanced sensitivities as next-generation diagnostic tools.
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Liang J, Dong H, Xu F, Li B, Li H, Chen L, Li M, Liu Y, Jiang G, Dong J. Isolation of a Monoclonal Antibody and its Derived Immunosensor for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of 17β-Estradiol. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:818983. [PMID: 35419351 PMCID: PMC8995505 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.818983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogens are effective for stimulating several functions in living organisms and for regulating cancer development by promoting cell proliferation. Estradiol can disrupt the reproductive and endocrine systems, leading to the development of various diseases. In this study, the monoclonal antibody ESC9 was developed by immunizing mice with a 17β-estradiol (E2) conjugate, preparing an antibody phage display library, and screening monoclonal antibodies from the prepared library. An antibody with the same sequence as that of ESC9 has not been reported previously. The equilibrium dissociation constant between ESC9 and E2 was found to be 43.3 nM. Additionally, we generated an ESC9-derived immunosensor named as the ESC9 Quenchbody (Q-body), which can rapidly and sensitively detect E2. The assay can be completed within 2 min with a limit of detection of 3.9 pg/ml and half-maximal effective concentration of 154.0 ng/ml. Serum E2 levels were measured using the ESC9 Q-body without pretreatment with serum and with a high recovery rate of 83.3–126.7%. The Q-body immunosensor shows potential for clinical applications based on its excellent detection speed and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Liang
- Key Laboratory for Biological Medicine in Shandong Universities, Weifang Key Laboratory for Antibody Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Hang Dong
- School of Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Key Laboratory for Biological Medicine in Shandong Universities, Weifang Key Laboratory for Antibody Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Baowei Li
- Key Laboratory for Biological Medicine in Shandong Universities, Weifang Key Laboratory for Antibody Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Haimei Li
- Key Laboratory for Biological Medicine in Shandong Universities, Weifang Key Laboratory for Antibody Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Limei Chen
- Key Laboratory for Biological Medicine in Shandong Universities, Weifang Key Laboratory for Antibody Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Mei Li
- Key Laboratory for Biological Medicine in Shandong Universities, Weifang Key Laboratory for Antibody Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yingchu Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guosheng Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Biological Medicine in Shandong Universities, Weifang Key Laboratory for Antibody Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
- *Correspondence: Guosheng Jiang, ; Jinhua Dong,
| | - Jinhua Dong
- Key Laboratory for Biological Medicine in Shandong Universities, Weifang Key Laboratory for Antibody Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- World Research Hub Initiative, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
- *Correspondence: Guosheng Jiang, ; Jinhua Dong,
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Morita I, Kiguchi Y, Oyama H, Takeuchi A, Tode C, Tanaka R, Ogata J, Kikura-Hanajiri R, Kobayashi N. Derivatization-assisted enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for identifying hallucinogenic mushrooms with enhanced sensitivity. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:3954-3962. [PMID: 34528944 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01157j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive immunochemical method for identifying hallucinogenic mushrooms (magic mushrooms) is required for regulating their illicit use. We have previously generated a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that targets psilocin (Psi), the major psychoactive compound in hallucinogenic mushrooms, and developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). However, this ELISA failed to achieve the expected low-picomole-range sensitivity, as a result of insufficient affinity of the mAb to Psi. It is recognized that haptenic antigens with a larger molecular mass tend to induce antibodies with higher affinities. Thus, we herein report a "derivatization-assisted ELISA," in which the "real analyte" Psi was determined as a "surrogate analyte," the tert-butyldimethylsilyl ether analog thereof (TBS/Psi) having a 1.6-fold greater molecular mass (Mr 318.53) than Psi. A novel mAb against TBS/Psi, prepared by immunizing mice with a TBS/Psi-albumin conjugate showed a 69-fold higher affinity to TBS/Psi residues (Ka = 3.6 × 107 M-1 as IgG) than that of our previous mAb against Psi. This mAb consequently enabled a competitive ELISA for measuring TBS/Psi with the desired sensitivity: the dose-response curve midpoint (12.1 pmol per assay) was >100-fold lower than that of the previous ELISA for determining Psi. Extracts of dried mushroom powders were mixed with TBS triflate for 30 min at room temperature, converting Psi into TBS/Psi in approximately 50% yield. The reaction mixture was then subjected to an ELISA using the anti-TBS/Psi mAb to determine TBS/Psi. Psilocybe cubensis, a species of hallucinogenic mushrooms, gave rise to positive signals, indicating the presence of Psi therein in the expected quantity, while no detectable response was observed for four kinds of edible mushrooms available in the markets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Morita
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan.
| | - Yuki Kiguchi
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Oyama
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan.
| | - Atsuko Takeuchi
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan.
| | - Chisato Tode
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan.
| | - Rie Tanaka
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-9501, Japan
| | - Jun Ogata
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-9501, Japan
| | - Ruri Kikura-Hanajiri
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-9501, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kobayashi
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan.
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Wang F, Li N, Zhang Y, Sun X, Hu M, Zhao Y, Fan J. Preparation and Directed Evolution of Anti-Ciprofloxacin ScFv for Immunoassay in Animal-Derived Food. Foods 2021; 10:foods10081933. [PMID: 34441715 PMCID: PMC8394695 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An immunized mouse phage display scFv library with a capacity of 3.34 × 109 CFU/mL was constructed and used for screening of recombinant anti-ciprofloxacin single-chain antibody for the detection of ciprofloxacin (CIP) in animal-derived food. After four rounds of bio-panning, 25 positives were isolated and identified successfully. The highest positive scFv-22 was expressed in E. coli BL21. Then, its recognition mechanisms were studied using the molecular docking method. The result showed the amino acid residue Val160 was the key residue for the binding of scFv to CIP. Based on the results of virtual mutation, the scFv antibody was evolved by directional mutagenesis of contact amino acid residue Val160 to Ser. After the expression and purification, an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (IC-ELISA) based on the parental and mutant scFv was established for CIP, respectively. The IC50 value of the assay established with the ScFv mutant was 1.58 ng/mL, while the parental scFv was 26.23 ng/mL; this result showed highly increased affinity, with up to 16.6-fold improved sensitivity. The mean recovery for CIP ranged from 73.80% to 123.35%, with 10.46% relative standard deviation between the intra-assay and the inter-assay. The RSD values ranged between 1.49% and 9.81%. The results indicate that we obtained a highly sensitive anti-CIP scFv by the phage library construction and directional evolution, and the scFv-based IC-ELISA is suitable for the detection of CIP residue in animal-derived edible tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 116#Huayuan Road, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (M.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health, College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, 63#Agricultural Road, Zhengzhou 450000, China; (N.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yunshang Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 116#Huayuan Road, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (M.H.)
| | - Xuefeng Sun
- Key Laboratory for Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 116#Huayuan Road, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (M.H.)
| | - Man Hu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 116#Huayuan Road, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (M.H.)
| | - Yali Zhao
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health, College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, 63#Agricultural Road, Zhengzhou 450000, China; (N.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Jianming Fan
- China College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100#Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
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Kiguchi Y, Oyama H, Morita I, Nagata Y, Umezawa N, Kobayashi N. The V H framework region 1 as a target of efficient mutagenesis for generating a variety of affinity-matured scFv mutants. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8201. [PMID: 33859250 PMCID: PMC8050046 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87501-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro affinity-maturation potentially generates antibody fragments with enhanced antigen-binding affinities that allow for developing more sensitive diagnostic systems and more effective therapeutic agents. Site-directed mutagenesis targeting “hot regions,” i.e., amino acid substitutions therein frequently increase the affinities, is desirable for straightforward discovery of valuable mutants. We here report two “designed” site-directed mutagenesis (A and B) targeted the N-terminal 1–10 positions of the VH framework region 1 that successfully improved an anti-cortisol single-chain Fv fragment (Ka, 3.6 × 108 M−1). Mutagenesis A substituted the amino acids at the position 1–3, 5–7, 9 and 10 with a limited set of substitutions to generate only 1,536 different members, while mutagenesis B inserted 1–6 random residues between the positions 6 and 7. Screening the resulting bacterial libraries as scFv-phage clones with a clonal array profiling system provided 21 genetically unique scFv mutants showing 17–31-fold increased affinity with > 109 M−1Ka values. Among the mutants selected from the library A and B, scFv mA#18 (with five-residue substitutions) and mB1-3#130 (with a single residue insertion) showed the greatest Ka value, 1.1 × 1010 M−1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kiguchi
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Oyama
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Izumi Morita
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nagata
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Naoko Umezawa
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kobayashi
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan.
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9
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Ohgita T, Furutani Y, Nakano M, Hattori M, Suzuki A, Nakagawa M, Naniwa S, Morita I, Oyama H, Nishitsuji K, Kobayashi N, Saito H. Novel conformation‐selective monoclonal antibodies against apoA‐I amyloid fibrils. FEBS J 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.15487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ohgita
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry Kyoto Pharmaceutical University Japan
| | - Yuki Furutani
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry Kyoto Pharmaceutical University Japan
| | - Miyu Nakano
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry Kyoto Pharmaceutical University Japan
| | - Megumi Hattori
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry Kyoto Pharmaceutical University Japan
| | - Ayane Suzuki
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry Kyoto Pharmaceutical University Japan
| | - Miho Nakagawa
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry Kyoto Pharmaceutical University Japan
| | - Sera Naniwa
- Department of Bioanalytical Chemistry Kobe Pharmaceutical University Japan
| | - Izumi Morita
- Department of Bioanalytical Chemistry Kobe Pharmaceutical University Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Oyama
- Department of Bioanalytical Chemistry Kobe Pharmaceutical University Japan
| | | | - Norihiro Kobayashi
- Department of Bioanalytical Chemistry Kobe Pharmaceutical University Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Saito
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry Kyoto Pharmaceutical University Japan
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10
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Morita I, Oyama H, Kiguchi Y, Oguri A, Fujimoto N, Takeuchi A, Tanaka R, Ogata J, Kikura-Hanajiri R, Kobayashi N. Immunochemical monitoring of psilocybin and psilocin to identify hallucinogenic mushrooms. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 190:113485. [PMID: 32866746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Development of rapid and reliable immunochemical methods for monitoring psilocybin (4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine; Pyb) and psilocin (dephosphorylated metabolite; Psi), the psychoactive compounds contained within hallucinogenic mushrooms (magic mushrooms), is desirable in order to identify these mushrooms and regulate their illicit use. Because no antibody was publicly available for this purpose, we generated two independent monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against Pyb or Psi, and then developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) by using them. To generate the specific antibodies, novel immunogenic conjugates were prepared by linking Pyb or Psi molecules to carrier proteins by modifying their 2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl side chains. Spleen cells from mice immunized with these conjugates were fused with P3/NS1/1-Ag4-1 myeloma cells, and hybridoma clones secreting anti-Pyb and anti-Psi mAbs were established. These mAbs were characterized for their biochemical features and then applied to competitive ELISAs, which used microplates coated with Pyb or Psi linked with albumin. These ELISAs enabled the determination of Pyb or Psi with measurable ranges of ca. 0.20-20 or 0.040-2.0 μg/assay (limit of detection was 0.14 or 0.029 μg/assay), respectively. The related tryptamines were satisfactorily discriminated as exemplified by the cross-reactivity of the ELISA to determine Pyb (or Psi) with Psi (or Pyb) that were found to be 2.8 % (or <0.5 %), respectively. The Pyb and Psi contents in a dried powder of the hallucinogenic mushroom, Psilocybe cubensis, were determined to be 0.39 and 0.32 (w/w)%, respectively. The ELISAs developed using the current mAbs are promising tools for identifying illegal hallucinogenic mushrooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Morita
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Oyama
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Yuki Kiguchi
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Akari Oguri
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Natsumi Fujimoto
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Atsuko Takeuchi
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Rie Tanaka
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-9501, Japan
| | - Jun Ogata
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-9501, Japan
| | - Ruri Kikura-Hanajiri
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-9501, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kobayashi
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan.
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Clonal array profiling of scFv-displaying phages for high-throughput discovery of affinity-matured antibody mutants. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14103. [PMID: 32839506 PMCID: PMC7445280 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71037-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
"Antibody-breeding" approach potentially generates therapeutic/diagnostic antibody mutants with greater performance than native antibodies. Therein, antibody fragments (e.g., single-chain Fv fragments; scFvs) with a variety of mutations are displayed on bacteriophage to generate diverse phage-antibody libraries. Rare clones with improved functions are then selected via panning against immobilized or tagged target antigens. However, this selection process often ended unsuccessful, mainly due to the biased propagation of phage-antibody clones and the competition with a large excess of undesirable clones with weaker affinities. To break radically from such panning-inherent problems, we developed a novel method, clonal array profiling of scFv-displaying phages (CAP), in which colonies of the initial bacterial libraries are examined one-by-one in microwells. Progenies of scFv-displaying phages generated are, if show sufficient affinity to target antigen, captured in the microwell via pre-coated antigen and detected using a luciferase-fused anti-phage scFv. The advantage of CAP was evidenced by its application with a small error-prone-PCR-based library (~ 105 colonies) of anti-cortisol scFvs. Only two operations, each surveying only ~ 3% of the library (9,400 colonies), provided five mutants showing 32–63-fold improved Ka values (> 1010 M−1), compared with the wild-type scFv (Ka = 3.8 × 108 M−1), none of which could be recovered via conventional panning procedures operated for the entire library.
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Oyama H, Kiguchi Y, Morita I, Yamamoto C, Higashi Y, Taguchi M, Tagawa T, Enami Y, Takamine Y, Hasegawa H, Takeuchi A, Kobayashi N. Seeking high-priority mutations enabling successful antibody-breeding: systematic analysis of a mutant that gained over 100-fold enhanced affinity. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4807. [PMID: 32179767 PMCID: PMC7075871 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61529-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
"Antibody-breeding" has provided therapeutic/diagnostic antibody mutants with greater performance than native antibodies. Typically, random point mutations are introduced into the VH and VL domains of parent antibodies to generate diverse libraries of single-chain Fv fragments (scFvs), from which evolved mutants are selected. We produced an scFv against estradiol-17β with 11 amino acid substitutions and a >100-fold improved affinity constant (Ka = 1.19 × 1010 M-1) over the parent scFv, enabling immunoassays with >30-fold higher sensitivity. We systematically analyzed contributions of these substitutions to the affinity enhancement. Comparing various partial scFv revertants based on their Kas indicated that a revertant with four substitutions (VH-L100gQ, VL-I29V, -L36M, -S77G) exhibited somewhat higher affinity (Ka = 1.46 × 1010 M-1). Finally, the VH-L100gQ substitution, occurring in VH complementarity-determining region (CDR) 3, was found to be the highest-priority for improving the affinity, and VL-I29V and/or VL-L36M cooperated significantly. These findings encouraged us to reconsider the potential of VH-CDR3-targeting mutagenesis, which has been frequently attempted. The substitution(s) wherein might enable a "high rate of return" in terms of selecting mutants with dramatically enhanced affinities. The "high risk" of generating a tremendous excess of "junk mutants" can be overcome with the efficient selection systems that we developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Oyama
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Yuki Kiguchi
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Izumi Morita
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Chika Yamamoto
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Yuka Higashi
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Miku Taguchi
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Tagawa
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Yuri Enami
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Yuriko Takamine
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Hanako Hasegawa
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Atsuko Takeuchi
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kobayashi
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan.
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Coyne CP, Narayanan L. Carnosic Acid, Tangeretin, and Ginkgolide-B Anti-neoplastic Cytotoxicity in Dual Combination with Dexamethasone-[anti-EGFR] in Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma (A549). Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2019; 19:802-819. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666181204100226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background:Traditional chemotherapeutics of low-molecular weight diffuse passively across intact membrane structures of normal healthy cells found in tissues and organ systems in a non-specific unrestricted manner which largely accounts for the induction of most sequelae which restrict dosage, administration frequency, and duration of therapeutic intervention. Molecular strategies that offer enhanced levels of potency, greater efficacy and broader margins-of-safety include the discovery of alternative candidate therapeutics and development of methodologies capable of mediating properties of selective “targeted” delivery.Materials and Methods:The covalent immunopharmaceutical, dexamethasone-(C21-phosphoramidate)-[anti- EGFR] was synthesized utilizing organic chemistry reactions that comprised a multi-stage synthesis regimen. Multiple forms of analysis were implemented to vadliate the successful synthesis (UV spectrophotometric absorbance), purity and molar-incorporation-index (UV spectrophotometric absorbance, chemical-based protein determination), absence of fragmentation/polymerization (SDS-PAGE/chemiluminescent autoradiography), retained selective binding-avidity of IgG-immunoglobulin (cell-ELISA); and selectively “targeted” antineoplastic cytotoxicity (biochemistry-based cell vitality/viability assay).Results:The botanicals carnosic acid, ginkgolide-B and tangeretin, each individually exerted maximum antineoplastic cytotoxicity levels of 58.1%, 5.3%, and 41.1% respectively against pulmonary adenocarcinoma (A549) populations. Dexamethasone-(C21-phosphoramidate)-[anti-EGFR] formulated at corticosteroid/ glucocorticoid equivalent concentrations produced anti-neoplastic cytotoxicity at levels of 7.7% (10-9 M), 26.9% (10-8 M), 64.9% (10-7 M), 69.9% (10-6 M) and 73.0% (10-5 M). Ccarnosic acid, ginkgolide-B and tangeretin in simultaneous dual-combination with dexamethasone-(C21-phosphoramidate)-[anti-EGFR] exerted maximum anti-neoplastic cytotoxicity levels of 70.5%, 58.6%, and 69.7% respectively.Discussion:Carnosic acid, ginkgolide-B and tangeretin botanicals exerted anti-neoplastic cytotoxicity against pulmonary adenocarcinoma (A549) which additively contributed to the anti-neoplastic cytotoxic potency of the covalent immunopharmaceutical, dexamethasone-(C21-phosphoramidate)-[anti-EGFR]. Carnosic acid and tangeretin were most potent in this regard both individually and in dual-combination with dexamethasone-(C21- phosphoramidate)-[anti-EGFR]. Advantages and attributes of carnosic acid and tangeretin as potential monotherapeutics are a wider margin-of-safety of conventional chemotherapeutics which would readily complement the selective “targeted” delivery properties of dexamethasone-(C21-phosphoramidate)-[anti-EGFR] and possibly other covalent immunopharmaceuticals in addition to providing opportunities for the discovery of combination therapies that provide heightened levels of anti-neoplastic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody P. Coyne
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine at Wise Center, Mississippi State University, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Lakshmi Narayanan
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine at Wise Center, Mississippi State University, Mississippi 39762, United States
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Leow HC, Fischer K, Leow YC, Braet K, Cheng Q, McCarthy J. Cytoplasmic and periplasmic expression of recombinant shark VNAR antibody in Escherichia coli. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 49:315-327. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2019.1566145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Herng C. Leow
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Katja Fischer
- Clinical Tropical Medicine Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Yee C. Leow
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Katleen Braet
- Department of Research, BioMARIC, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Qin Cheng
- Clinical Tropical Medicine Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Drug Resistance Diagnostics, Australian Army Malaria Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - James McCarthy
- Clinical Tropical Medicine Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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15
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He X, Duan CF, Qi YH, Dong J, Wang GN, Zhao GX, Wang JP, Liu J. Virtual mutation and directional evolution of anti-amoxicillin ScFv antibody for immunoassay of penicillins in milk. Anal Biochem 2017; 517:9-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2016.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Oyama H, Morita I, Kiguchi Y, Banzono E, Ishii K, Kubo S, Watanabe Y, Hirai A, Kaede C, Ohta M, Kobayashi N. One-Shot In Vitro Evolution Generated an Antibody Fragment for Testing Urinary Cotinine with More Than 40-Fold Enhanced Affinity. Anal Chem 2016; 89:988-995. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Oyama
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Izumi Morita
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Yuki Kiguchi
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Erika Banzono
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Kasumi Ishii
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kubo
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Watanabe
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Anna Hirai
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Chiaki Kaede
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Ohta
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kobayashi
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
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Wang JP, Dong J, Duan CF, Zhang HC, He X, Wang GN, Zhao GX, Liu J. Production and Directional Evolution of Antisarafloxacin ScFv Antibody for Immunoassay of Fluoroquinolones in Milk. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:7957-7965. [PMID: 27718569 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b03356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A recombinant antisarafloxacin ScFv antibody was produced by direct transformation of its gene into Rosetta-gami(DE3) for expression, and then its recognition mechanisms for 12 fluoroquinolones were studied using the molecular docking method. On the basis of the results of virtual mutation, the ScFv antibody was evolved by directional mutagenesis of contact amino acid residue Tyr99 to His. The ScFv mutant showed highly increased affinity for the 12 drugs with up to sevenfold improved sensitivity. Finally, the mutant was used to develop an indirect competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for determination of the 12 drugs in milk. The limits of detection were in the range of 0.3-8.0 ng/mL; the ties were in the range of 5-106%, and the recoveries from the standard fortified blank milk were in the range of 62.0-89.3%. This is the first study reporting the evolution of an ScFv antibody using a directional mutagenesis strategy based on virtual mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ping Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei , Baoding Hebei, China 071000
| | - Jun Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei , Baoding Hebei, China 071000
| | - Chang Fei Duan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei , Baoding Hebei, China 071000
| | - Hui Cai Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei , Baoding Hebei, China 071000
| | - Xin He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei , Baoding Hebei, China 071000
| | - Geng Nan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei , Baoding Hebei, China 071000
| | - Guo Xian Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei , Baoding Hebei, China 071000
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei , Baoding Hebei, China 071000
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Coyne CP, Narayanan L. Dexamethasone-(C21-phosphoramide)-[anti-EGFR]: molecular design, synthetic organic chemistry reactions, and antineoplastic cytotoxic potency against pulmonary adenocarcinoma (A549). Drug Des Devel Ther 2016; 10:2575-97. [PMID: 27574398 PMCID: PMC4990379 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s102075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Corticosteroids are effective in the management of a variety of disease states, such as several forms of neoplasia (leukemia and lymphoma), autoimmune conditions, and severe inflammatory responses. Molecular strategies that selectively "target" delivery of corticosteroids minimize or prevents large amounts of the pharmaceutical moiety from passively diffusing into normal healthy cell populations residing within tissues and organ systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS The covalent immunopharmaceutical, dexamethasone-(C21-phosphoramide)-[anti-EGFR] was synthesized by reacting dexamethasone-21-monophosphate with a carbodiimide reagent to form a dexamethasone phosphate carbodiimide ester that was subsequently reacted with imidazole to create an amine-reactive dexamethasone-(C21-phosphorylimidazolide) intermediate. Monoclonal anti-EGFR immunoglobulin was combined with the amine-reactive dexamethasone-(C21-phosphorylimidazolide) intermediate, resulting in the synthesis of the covalent immunopharmaceutical, dexamethasone-(C21-phosphoramide)-[anti-EGFR]. Following spectrophotometric analysis and validation of retained epidermal growth factor receptor type 1 (EGFR)-binding avidity by cell-ELISA, the selective anti-neoplasic cytotoxic potency of dexamethasone-(C21-phosphoramide)-[anti-EGFR] was established by MTT-based vitality stain methodology using adherent monolayer populations of human pulmonary adenocarcinoma (A549) known to overexpress the tropic membrane receptors EGFR and insulin-like growth factor receptor type 1. RESULTS The dexamethasone:IgG molar-incorporation-index for dexamethasone-(C21-phosphoramide)-[anti-EGFR] was 6.95:1 following exhaustive serial microfiltration. Cytotoxicity analysis: covalent bonding of dexamethasone to monoclonal anti-EGFR immunoglobulin did not significantly modify the ex vivo antineoplastic cytotoxicity of dexamethasone against pulmonary adenocarcinoma at and between the standardized dexamethasone equivalent concentrations of 10(-9) M and 10(-5) M. Rapid increases in antineoplastic cytotoxicity were observed at and between the dexamethasone equivalent concentrations of 10(-9) M and 10(-7) M where cancer cell death increased from 7.7% to a maximum of 64.9% (92.3%-35.1% residual survival), respectively, which closely paralleled values for "free" noncovalently bound dexamethasone. DISCUSSION Organic chemistry reaction regimens were optimized to develop a multiphase synthesis regimen for dexamethasone-(C21-phosphoramide)-[anti-EGFR]. Attributes of dexamethasone-(C21-phosphoramide)-[anti-EGFR] include a high dexamethasone molar incorporation-index, lack of extraneous chemical group introduction, retained EGFR-binding avidity ("targeted" delivery properties), and potential to enhance long-term pharmaceutical moiety effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lakshmi Narayanan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, USA
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Safdari Y, Farajnia S, Asgharzadeh M, Khalili M. Antibody humanization methods – a review and update. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2013; 29:175-86. [DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2013.801235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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20
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Oyama H, Yamaguchi S, Nakata S, Niwa T, Kobayashi N. “Breeding” Diagnostic Antibodies for Higher Assay Performance: A 250-Fold Affinity-Matured Antibody Mutant Targeting a Small Biomarker. Anal Chem 2013; 85:4930-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ac3037602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Oyama
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Shuko Yamaguchi
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Shigetoshi Nakata
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Niwa
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Health Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kobayashi
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
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21
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Ohtani M, Hikima JI, Jung TS, Kondo H, Hirono I, Aoki T. Construction of an artificially randomized IgNAR phage display library: screening of variable regions that bind to hen egg white lysozyme. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2013; 15:56-62. [PMID: 22552958 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-012-9456-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Accepted: 04/14/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
To develop a multi-antigen-specific immunoglobulin new antigen receptor (IgNAR) variable (V) region phage display library, CDR3 in the V region of IgNAR from banded houndshark (Triakis scyllium) was artificially randomized, and clones specific for hen egg white lysozyme (HEL) were obtained by the biopanning method. The nucleotide sequence of CDR3 in the V region was randomly rearranged by PCR. Randomized CDR3-containing segments of the V region were ligated into T7 phage vector to construct a phage display library and resulted in a phage titer of 3.7 × 10(7) PFU/ml. Forty clones that contained randomized CDR3 inserts were sequenced and shown to have different nucleotide sequences. The HEL-specific clones were screened by biopanning using HEL-coated ELISA plates. After six rounds of screening, nine clones were identified as HEL-specific, eight of which showed a strong affinity to HEL in ELISA compared to a negative control (i.e., empty phage clone). The deduced amino acid sequences of CDR3 from the HEL-specific phage clones fell into four types (I-IV): type I contains a single cysteine residue and type II-IV contain two cysteine residues. These results indicated that the artificially randomized IgNAR library is useful for the rapid isolation of antigen-specific IgNAR V region without immunization of target antigen and showed that it is possible to isolate an antigen-specific IgNAR V region from this library.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maki Ohtani
- Aquatic Biotechnology Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gajwa-dong 900, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660-701, South Korea
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Fodey T, Leonard P, O’Mahony J, O’Kennedy R, Danaher M. Developments in the production of biological and synthetic binders for immunoassay and sensor-based detection of small molecules. Trends Analyt Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2010.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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23
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Kobayashi N, Oyama H. Antibody engineering toward high-sensitivity high-throughput immunosensing of small molecules. Analyst 2011; 136:642-51. [DOI: 10.1039/c0an00603c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Kobayashi N, Oyama H, Kato Y, Goto J, Söderlind E, Borrebaeck CAK. Two-step in vitro antibody affinity maturation enables estradiol-17beta assays with more than 10-fold higher sensitivity. Anal Chem 2010; 82:1027-38. [PMID: 20047279 DOI: 10.1021/ac902283n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Immunoassays for haptens depend on competitive hapten-anti-hapten reactions, and consequently their sensitivities are significantly influenced by the affinities of anti-hapten antibodies. Thus, genetically engineered antibodies, which have much higher affinities than native antibodies, should increase assay sensitivities. Here, we created a mutated single-chain Fv fragment (scFv) against estradiol-17beta (E(2)) that allowed immunoassays with a much improved sensitivity. Two steps of affinity maturation were performed on a "wild-type" scFv (scFv#E4-4) composed of V(H) and V(L) domains from a mouse anti-E(2) antibody (Ab#E4-4). First, we conducted complementarity-determining region (CDR)-targeted mutagenesis by "CDR-shuffling". Gene fragments encoding CDRs H2, H3, L1, and L3, each of which contained random point mutations, were combined by "shuffling" into the gene encoding the scFv#E4-4 scaffold. After phage display and repeated panning, we isolated a mutated scFv clone [scFv#m1-e7; Ile(L29)Val] that had 5-fold higher affinity (K(a) = 2.6 x 10(8) M(-1)) compared to the Ab#E4-4 Fab fragment (Fab#E4-4). Next, the entire V(H) and V(L) of this clone were randomly mutated by error-prone polymerase chain reaction (PCR). From this library, we found an improved clone, scFv#m2-c4 (K(a) = 6.3 x 10(8) M(-1); Lys(H19)Arg, Tyr(H56)Phe, Ser(H84)Pro, Glu(H85)Gly, Gln(L27)Arg, Leu(L36)Met, Ser(L63)Gly, and Ser(L77)Gly). ScFv#m2-c4 had more than 10-fold higher sensitivity (the midpoint of its dose-response curve was 0.56 ng) than Fab#E4-4 (midpoint 9.0 ng/assay) in a competitive E(2) radioimmunoassay, and even higher sensitivity [midpoint 21 pg/assay, and a limit of detection of 0.47 pg (1.7 fmol)/assay] in a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cross-reactivity with selected E(2)-related endogenous steroids strongly suggested that scFv#m2-c4 has improved specificity compared to conventional antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiro Kobayashi
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan.
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Kobayashi N, Oyama H, Suzuki I, Kato Y, Umemura T, Goto J. Oligosaccharide-Assisted Direct Immunosensing of Small Molecules. Anal Chem 2010; 82:4333-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ac100865p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Norihiro Kobayashi
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan, Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 60, Nakaorui-machi, Takasaki, 370-0033, Japan, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Oyama
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan, Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 60, Nakaorui-machi, Takasaki, 370-0033, Japan, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Iwao Suzuki
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan, Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 60, Nakaorui-machi, Takasaki, 370-0033, Japan, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kato
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan, Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 60, Nakaorui-machi, Takasaki, 370-0033, Japan, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Takeo Umemura
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan, Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 60, Nakaorui-machi, Takasaki, 370-0033, Japan, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Junichi Goto
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1, Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan, Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 60, Nakaorui-machi, Takasaki, 370-0033, Japan, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aobayama, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
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Rich RL, Myszka DG. Grading the commercial optical biosensor literature-Class of 2008: 'The Mighty Binders'. J Mol Recognit 2010; 23:1-64. [PMID: 20017116 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.1004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Optical biosensor technology continues to be the method of choice for label-free, real-time interaction analysis. But when it comes to improving the quality of the biosensor literature, education should be fundamental. Of the 1413 articles published in 2008, less than 30% would pass the requirements for high-school chemistry. To teach by example, we spotlight 10 papers that illustrate how to implement the technology properly. Then we grade every paper published in 2008 on a scale from A to F and outline what features make a biosensor article fabulous, middling or abysmal. To help improve the quality of published data, we focus on a few experimental, analysis and presentation mistakes that are alarmingly common. With the literature as a guide, we want to ensure that no user is left behind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Rich
- Center for Biomolecular Interaction Analysis, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
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Iwai H, Öztürk B, Ihara M, Ueda H. Antibody affinity maturation in vitro using unconjugated peptide antigen. Protein Eng Des Sel 2010; 23:185-93. [DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzp093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Kobayashi N, Oyama H, Nakano M, Kanda T, Banzono E, Kato Y, Karibe T, Nishio T, Goto J. "Cleavable" hapten-biotin conjugates: preparation and use for the generation of anti-steroid single-domain antibody fragments. Anal Biochem 2009; 387:257-66. [PMID: 19454256 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2009.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2008] [Revised: 12/29/2008] [Accepted: 01/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Antibody engineering technology has the potential to provide artificial antibodies with higher performance than conventional antibodies. Filamentous phage particles are often used to express a vast diversity of mutated antibody fragments from which clones displaying improved fragments can be isolated. We recently showed that hapten-biotin conjugates, combined via a linker involving a reductively cleavable disulfide bond, are useful for isolating phage clones displaying high-affinity anti-hapten antibody fragments. Here we prepare cleavable hapten-biotin conjugates and use them to isolate anti-hapten antibody fragments with relatively low affinities. Three diagnostically important steroids (estradiol-17beta [E(2)], cortisol, and 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone) were each coupled with a biotin derivative containing a disulfide bond. These conjugates could be bound simultaneously by their relevant anti-steroid antibody and NeutrAvidin, and their linkers were easily cleaved by dithiothreitol (DTT) treatment. The E(2)-biotin conjugate was used to generate anti-E(2) single-domain antibody fragments (sdAbs). Random point mutations were introduced by error-prone PCR into the gene fragment encoding the V(H) domain of a mouse anti-E(2) antibody, and these products were expressed as phagemid particles that were reacted with the E(2)-biotin conjugates that had already been immobilized on a solid-phase via NeutrAvidin. Thorough washing off of nonspecific phages and subsequent DTT treatment provided a phagemid clone that displayed a mutated sdAb with improved binding properties.
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