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Ma DX, Yin GZ, Ye W, Jiang Y, Wang N, Wang DY. Exploiting Waste towards More Sustainable Flame-Retardant Solutions for Polymers: A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2266. [PMID: 38793331 PMCID: PMC11123196 DOI: 10.3390/ma17102266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The development of sustainable flame retardants is gaining momentum due to their enhanced safety attributes and environmental compatibility. One effective strategy is to use waste materials as a primary source of chemical components, which can help mitigate environmental issues associated with traditional flame retardants. This paper reviews recent research in flame retardancy for waste flame retardants, categorizing them based on waste types like industrial, food, and plant waste. The paper focuses on recent advancements in this area, focusing on their impact on the thermal stability, flame retardancy, smoke suppression, and mechanical properties of polymeric materials. The study also provides a summary of functionalization methodologies used and key factors involved in modifying polymer systems. Finally, their major challenges and prospects for the future are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Xin Ma
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Synthesis and Preparation of Special Functional Materials, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China; (D.-X.M.); (Y.J.); (N.W.)
| | - Guang-Zhong Yin
- Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Ctra. Pozuelo-Majadahonda Km 1.800, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Wen Ye
- Sino-Spanish Joint Research Center for Advanced Materials Technology, Shanghai Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200062, China;
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Functional FR Materials, Shanghai Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200062, China
- IMDEA Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel, 2, Getafe, 28906 Madrid, Spain
| | - Yan Jiang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Synthesis and Preparation of Special Functional Materials, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China; (D.-X.M.); (Y.J.); (N.W.)
- Shenyang Research Institute of Industrial Technology for Advanced Coating Materials, Shenyang 110142, China
| | - Na Wang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Synthesis and Preparation of Special Functional Materials, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China; (D.-X.M.); (Y.J.); (N.W.)
- Shenyang Research Institute of Industrial Technology for Advanced Coating Materials, Shenyang 110142, China
| | - De-Yi Wang
- Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Ctra. Pozuelo-Majadahonda Km 1.800, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain;
- IMDEA Materials Institute, C/Eric Kandel, 2, Getafe, 28906 Madrid, Spain
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Igreja WS, da Silva Martins LH, de Almeida RR, de Oliveira JAR, Lopes AS, Chisté RC. Açai Seeds ( Euterpe oleracea Mart) Are Agroindustrial Waste with High Potential to Produce Low-Cost Substrates after Acid Hydrolysis. Molecules 2023; 28:6661. [PMID: 37764435 PMCID: PMC10536898 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Açai seeds have been discarded improperly around the Amazonia region, but they can be seen as promising low-cost substrates for fermentation processes. The structural carbohydrates and physicochemical characterization of açai seeds from the Amazonia were assessed followed by the determination of the optimal hydrolysis conditions using H3PO4 (phosphoric acid) and H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) to obtain a liquor with high contents of simple carbohydrates and low levels of potential microbial inhibitors usually generated during acid hydrolysis of carbohydrates. A central composite rotational design was carried out varying the concentrations of diluted acid (0-5%, w/v), solids (0.1-25%, w/v), and hydrolysis time (9.5-110 min). Acid hydrolysis with H2SO4 was more effective in producing reducing sugars (15.9-103.1 g/L) than H3PO4 (2.9-33.9 g/L) during optimization. The optimal hydrolysis conditions with H2SO4 were 3.5% of acid (w/v), 25% of solids during 70 min at 121 °C, which provided a liquor with 55 g/L of reducing sugars and low levels of microbial inhibitors: acetic acid (1.8 g/L), hydroxymethyl furfural (338 mg/L), and furfural (10 mg/L). Thus, açai seeds were characterized as promising agroindustrial waste with high potential to be used as a low-cost substrate in biotechnological processes, comprising relevant environmental and bioeconomic aspects for the development of the Amazonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willen Silva Igreja
- Postgraduate Program of Food Science and Technology (PPGCTA), Institute of Technology (ITEC), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Luiza Helena da Silva Martins
- Postgraduate Program of Food Science and Technology (PPGCTA), Institute of Technology (ITEC), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
- Instituto de Saúde e Produção Animal (ISPA), Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA), Belém 66075-900, PA, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Rodrigues de Almeida
- School of Food Engineering (FEA), Institute of Technology (ITEC), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Johnatt Allan Rocha de Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program of Food Science and Technology (PPGCTA), Institute of Technology (ITEC), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
- Nutrition College, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Santos Lopes
- Postgraduate Program of Food Science and Technology (PPGCTA), Institute of Technology (ITEC), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
- School of Food Engineering (FEA), Institute of Technology (ITEC), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Renan Campos Chisté
- Postgraduate Program of Food Science and Technology (PPGCTA), Institute of Technology (ITEC), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
- School of Food Engineering (FEA), Institute of Technology (ITEC), Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil
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3
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Shah MA, Hayder G, Kumar R, Kumar V, Ahamad T, Kalam MA, Soudagar MEM, Mohamed Shamshuddin SZ, Mubarak NM. Development of sustainable biomass residues for biofuels applications. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14248. [PMID: 37648719 PMCID: PMC10469211 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41446-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive understanding of physiochemical properties, thermal degradation behavior and chemical composition is significant for biomass residues before their thermochemical conversion for energy production. In this investigation, teff straw (TS), coffee husk (CH), corn cob (CC), and sweet sorghum stalk (SSS) residues were characterized to assess their potential applications as value-added bioenergy and chemical products. The thermal degradation behavior of CC, CH, TS and SSS samples is calculated using four different heating rates. The activation energy values ranged from 81.919 to 262.238 and 85.737-212.349 kJ mol-1 and were generated by the KAS and FWO models and aided in understanding the biomass conversion process into bio-products. The cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin contents of CC, CH, TS, and SSS were found to be in the ranges of 31.56-41.15%, 23.9-32.02%, and 19.85-25.07%, respectively. The calorific values of the residues ranged from 17.3 to 19.7 MJ/kg, comparable to crude biomass. Scanning electron micrographs revealed agglomerated, irregular, and rough textures, with parallel lines providing nutrient and water transport pathways in all biomass samples. Energy Dispersive X-ray spectra and X-ray diffraction analysis indicated the presence of high carbonaceous material and crystalline nature. FTIR analysis identified prominent band peaks at specific wave numbers. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that these residues hold potential as energy sources for various applications, such as the textile, plastics, paints, automobile, and food additive industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudasir Akbar Shah
- Institute of Energy Infrastructure (IEI), Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), 43000, Kajang, Malaysia.
| | - Gasim Hayder
- Institute of Energy Infrastructure (IEI), Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), 43000, Kajang, Malaysia.
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Vimal Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Tansir Ahamad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Abul Kalam
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, FEIT, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Manzoore Elahi Mohammad Soudagar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Nabisab Mujawar Mubarak
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam.
- Department of Biosciences, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India.
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Makmuang S, Terdwongworakul A, Vilaivan T, Maher S, Ekgasit S, Wongravee K. Mapping Hyperspectral NIR Images using Supervised Self-Organizing Maps: Discrimination of Weedy Rice Seeds. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
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5
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Neto DFM, Nascimento JRS, Martins GR, Silva AS, Domont GB, Campos FAP, Nogueira FCS. Proteomic changes associated with the development of açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) seeds. Proteomics 2023; 23:e2200251. [PMID: 35861729 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202200251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Açaí palm (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) seeds are a rich source of mannans, which can be used to generate bioethanol or be converted to high-value D-mannose, in addition to being a source of polyphenols with beneficial health properties. Here, we present a quantitative proteome dataset of açaí seeds at four stages of development (S1, S2, S3, and S4 stages), in which 2465 high confidence proteins were identified and 524 of them show statistically different abundance profiles during development. Several enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of nucleotide-sugars were quantified, especially those dedicated to the formation of GDP-mannose, which showed an increase in abundance between stages S1 and S3. Our data suggest that linear mannans found abundantly in endosperm cell walls are initially deposited as galactomannans, and during development lose the galactosyl groups. Two isoforms of alpha-galactosidase enzymes showed significantly increased abundances in the S3 and S4 stages. Additionally, we quantified the enzymes participating in the central pathway of flavonoid biosynthesis responsible for the formation of catechin and epicatechin, which are subunits of procyanidins, the main class of polyphenols in the açaí seeds. These proteins showed the same pattern of deposition, in which higher abundances were seen in the S1 and S2 stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domingos F M Neto
- Department of Plant Science, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriel R Martins
- National Institute of Technology, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ayla S Silva
- National Institute of Technology, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gilberto B Domont
- Proteomic Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Francisco A P Campos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Fábio C S Nogueira
- Proteomic Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Laboratory of Proteomics/LADETEC, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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6
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PIRES PS, BORGES MDS, LEAL JEC, PEDROZA MM, SILVA FLDN, GRÁCIO HR, RAMBO MCD, RAMBO MKD. Socioeconomic analysis of bioproducts derived from babassu nut breakers pyrolysis in legal amazonia communities. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.100322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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7
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Investigation of Content Parameters in Wet-Fractionated Fibre from Various Plants for Potential Use in Human Nutrition. Foods 2022; 11:foods11193038. [PMID: 36230113 PMCID: PMC9562628 DOI: 10.3390/foods11193038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Green biorefining uses fresh lignocellulosic biomass to produce green juice and pressed fibre fractions by wet fractionation. The latter is a byproduct, accounting for 25-32% of the starting material. In this study, the composition (glucan, xylan, arabinan, lignin, total phenol, flavonoid and protein) of pressed fibres obtained from four alfalfa, four soy and one broccoli varieties were determined at different harvest times. Statistical analyses were performed to determine the effects of harvest time and variety on the measured parameters. In most of the cases, there were interactions between the effects of harvest time and variety. Among alfalfa varieties, OLI1 had the highest carbohydrate (52.09 w/w%) and DIM3 had the lowest lignin (13.02 w/w%) content. In the case of soy, the ADV2 variety had the highest carbohydrate (53.47 w/w%) and PK1 had the lowest lignin (11.14 w/w%) content. Broccoli contained low amounts of carbohydrates (44.94 w/w%) and lignin (10.16 w/w%). The phenolic and flavonoid contents were similar for each species, but the protein content was the highest in alfalfa fibre. Based on these data, the most promising species, varieties and harvesting time can be selected in terms of a certain component that could be essential to produce functional foods with enhanced nutritional value.
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8
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Kong F, Nie B, Han C, Zhao D, Hou Y, Xu Y. Flame Retardancy and Thermal Property of Environment-Friendly Poly(lactic acid) Composites Based on Banana Peel Powder. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:5977. [PMID: 36079358 PMCID: PMC9457241 DOI: 10.3390/ma15175977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Banana peel powder (BPP) was used to prepare poly(lactic acid) (PLA) bio-based composites and the flame retardancy was enhanced by introducing silica-gel microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate (MCAPP). The results showed that the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of PLA containing 15 wt % BPP was 22.1% and just passed the UL-94 V-2 rate. Moreover, with the introduction of 5 wt % MCAPP and 15 wt % BPP, the PLA composite had a higher LOI value of 31.5%, and reached the UL-94 V-0 rating, with self-extinguishing and anti-dripping abilities. The PLA/M5B15 also had a lower peak heat release rate (296.7 kW·m-2), which was 16% lower than that of the PLA/B15 composite. Furthermore, the synergistic effects between MCAPP and BPP impart better thermal stability to PLA composites. According to the investigation of the char residue and pyrolysis gaseous products, MCAPP with BPP addition is beneficial to the formation of a higher quality char layer in the solid phase but also plays the flame retardant effect in the gas phase. This work provides a simple and efficient method to solve the high cost and flammability issues of PLA composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanbei Kong
- School of Resource and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Baisheng Nie
- School of Resource and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Dynamics and Control, School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Chao Han
- School of Energy Resources and Safety, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- School of Resource and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yanan Hou
- School of Resource and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuxuan Xu
- School of Energy Resources and Safety, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
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9
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Kabi T, Hildebrandt D, Liu X, Yao Y. Adsorption of dibenzothiophene in model diesel fuel by amarula waste biomass as a low-cost adsorbent. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 309:114598. [PMID: 35151137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The effectiveness of the adsorption process is determined by the type of adsorbent used, but some adsorbents require a significant amount of processing to achieve the desired quality, and this has become a drawback economically and environmentally. This study focused on mitigating the issue of waste management and land pollution by using amarula waste biomass, which is a low-cost adsorbent that is obtained from the industrial waste by-product. The amarula shell (AmSh) waste was found to have a higher adsorption efficiency of 30 ± 3% compared to the amarula seed (AmSe) waste and the amarula fruit (AmWa) waste, which had 19 ± 5% and 9.5 ± 0.7% efficiency, respectively. It was found that the amarula waste biomass performed better at lower adsorption temperatures. The adsorption capacity was found to decrease with an increase in the quantity of the biomass. Kinetic models were applied to the experimental data. Thermodynamic parameters were also studied to determine the spontaneity of the adsorption process. The characteristics of both the fresh and used amarula waste biomass was analyzed by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (FESEM-EDS), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). It was then concluded that cellulose and hemicellulose structures in amarula waste biomass played a major role in reducing the content of dibenzothiophene in model diesel fuel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsepiso Kabi
- Institution for the Development of Energy for African Sustainability (IDEAS), University of South Africa (UNISA), Florida Campus, Private Bag X 6, Johannesburg, 1710, South Africa
| | - Diane Hildebrandt
- Institution for the Development of Energy for African Sustainability (IDEAS), University of South Africa (UNISA), Florida Campus, Private Bag X 6, Johannesburg, 1710, South Africa
| | - Xinying Liu
- Institution for the Development of Energy for African Sustainability (IDEAS), University of South Africa (UNISA), Florida Campus, Private Bag X 6, Johannesburg, 1710, South Africa
| | - Yali Yao
- Institution for the Development of Energy for African Sustainability (IDEAS), University of South Africa (UNISA), Florida Campus, Private Bag X 6, Johannesburg, 1710, South Africa.
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10
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Effective pretreatment of lignin-rich coconut wastes using a low-cost ionic liquid. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6108. [PMID: 35414700 PMCID: PMC9005540 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09629-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Coconut husks and shells are underutilised agricultural feedstocks in the bio-based industry. These biomass wastes have a higher lignin content than other woody biomass and have excellent potential as raw materials for the production of lignin-based materials. This work demonstrates the performance of a low-cost protic ionic liquid, N,N,N-dimethylbutylammonium hydrogen sulfate ([DMBA][HSO4]), for ionoSolv pretreatment of coconut husk and shell at 150 °C for 45-90 min and 170 °C for 15-60 min. Optimum pretreatment conditions were observed at 170 °C and 45 min for both feedstocks. At these conditions, [DMBA][HSO4] was able to remove almost 77 wt% of the lignin from the husk; leaving a cellulosic rich pulp behind, which released 82 % of the theoretical maximum glucose after enzymatic saccharification. The pretreated shell, by comparison, achieved 82 wt% lignin removal and 89 % glucose yield and these higher values could be attributed to the highly porous structure of coconut shell cell walls. The cleavage of the β-O-4 aryl ether linkages of lignin followed by extensive C-C condensation in the lignin at longer pretreatment times was shown by HSQC NMR analysis. This extensive condensation was evidenced by molecular weights > 10,000 g/mol exhibited by lignin precipitated after pretreatment at high temperature and long times. The high degree of lignin removal and high glucose release from both feedstocks demonstrate that [DMBA][HSO4] is an excellent ionic liquid for fractionation of very lignin-rich biomass.
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Rodrigues RCLB, Green Rodrigues B, Vieira Canettieri E, Acosta Martinez E, Palladino F, Wisniewski A, Rodrigues D. Comprehensive approach of methods for microstructural analysis and analytical tools in lignocellulosic biomass assessment - A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 348:126627. [PMID: 34958907 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The trend in the modern world is to replace fossil fuels with green energy sources in order to reduce their environmental impact. The biorefinery industry, within this premise, needs to establish quantitative and qualitative analytical methods to better understand lignocellulosic biomass composition and structure. This paper presents chemical techniques (chromatography, thermal analysis, HRMS, FTIR, NIR, and NMR) and physicochemical techniques (XRD, optical and electron microscopy techniques - Confocal fluorescence, Raman, SPM, AFM, SEM, and TEM) for the microstructural characterization of lignocellulosic biomass and its derivatives. Each of these tools provides different and complementary information regarding molecular and microstructural composition of lignocellulosic biomass. Understanding these properties is essential for the design and operation of associated biomass conversion processing facilities. PAT, monitored in real-time, ensures an economical and balanced mass-energy process. This review aimed to help researchers select the most suitable analytical technique with which to investigate biomass feedstocks with recalcitrant natures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita C L B Rodrigues
- Departament of Biotechnology, Lorena Engineering School, University of São Paulo (USP),12600-970, Lorena, SP, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Green Rodrigues
- Departament of Biotechnology, Lorena Engineering School, University of São Paulo (USP),12600-970, Lorena, SP, Brazil
| | - Eliana Vieira Canettieri
- Chemistry and Energy Department, Guaratinguetá Engineering Faculty, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 12516-410, Guaratinguetá, SP, Brazil
| | - Ernesto Acosta Martinez
- Department of Technology, State University of Feira de Santana (UEFS), 44036-900 Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Palladino
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Alberto Wisniewski
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), 49100-000 São Cristovão, SE, Brazil
| | - Durval Rodrigues
- Department of Materials Engineering, Lorena Engineering School, University of São Paulo (USP), Lorena, SP, Brazil
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12
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Fajobi MO, Lasode OA, Adeleke AA, Ikubanni PP, Balogun AO. Investigation of physicochemical characteristics of selected lignocellulose biomass. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2918. [PMID: 35190666 PMCID: PMC8861026 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07061-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effects of biofuels as components of the worldwide energy supply are unquantifiable because they have versatile applications. However, an adequate understanding of the chemical properties of typical biomass is an integral aspect of maximizing the energy potentials because it is susceptible to biomass behavior during the conversion process, especially anaerobic digestion. Therefore, this study investigated the physicochemical characteristics of selected lignocellulose biomass, namely; cow dung, mango pulp, and Chromolaena odorata of Nigerian origin. The raw biomasses were characterized by proximate, calorific, ultimate, compositional, and microbial (for cow dung only) analyses using ASTM standards and equipment. Raw biomass characterization showed that cow dung, mango pulp, and Chromolaena odorata leaves recorded percentages; fixed carbon, volatile matter, and ash contents in addition to calorific values in the ranges of 6.22-7.25%, 5.02-7.79%, 1.14-1.91,% and 13.77-16.16 MJ/kg, respectively. The ultimate analysis of cow dung, mango pulp and Chromolaena odorata recorded carbon (43.08, 39.98, 41.69%); hydrogen (7.87, 6.74, 9.86%); nitrogen (1.53, 1.34, 1.51%); sulphur (0.46, 0.12, 0.25%) and oxygen (47.06, 51.82, 46.69%), respectively. Compositional analysis of the biomass gave percentages in the range of 7.47-11.37 for hemicellulose, 0.22-6.33 for lignin, and 3.71-12.03 for cellulose, while the microbial analysis of cow dung gave total bacteria counts of 5.78 × 108 and 3.93 × 105 cfu/g on wet and dry bases, respectively, which implied that it was rich in microbial colonies, evidently from the various species found, such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aureginosa, Proteus morganii, and Micrococcus spp. In this regard, the physicochemical properties of selected biomass of Nigerian origin were established to conform with those of the literature and thus can be regarded as suitable feedstock for anaerobic digestion resulting in methane-rich biogas products.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O Fajobi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria. .,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
| | - O A Lasode
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - A A Adeleke
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria
| | - P P Ikubanni
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria
| | - A O Balogun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria
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Romani VP, Martins VG, Silva AS, Martins PC, Nogueira D, Carbonera N. Amazon‐sustainable‐flour from açaí seeds added to starch films to develop biopolymers for active food packaging. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Viviane P. Romani
- Center for Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas Brazil
- Laboratory of Food Technology, School of Chemistry and Food Federal University of Rio Grande Rio Grande Brazil
| | - Vilásia G. Martins
- Laboratory of Food Technology, School of Chemistry and Food Federal University of Rio Grande Rio Grande Brazil
| | - Ayla S. Silva
- Biocatalysis Laboratory, Catalysis, Biocatalysis and Chemical Processes Division National Institute of Technology, Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovations Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Paola C. Martins
- Laboratory of Food Technology, School of Chemistry and Food Federal University of Rio Grande Rio Grande Brazil
| | - Daiane Nogueira
- Laboratory of Food Technology, School of Chemistry and Food Federal University of Rio Grande Rio Grande Brazil
| | - Nádia Carbonera
- Center for Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas Brazil
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14
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Nassar HN, El-Azab WIM, El-Gendy NS. Sustainable ecofriendly recruitment of bioethanol fermentation lignocellulosic spent waste biomass for the safe reuse and discharge of petroleum production produced water via biosorption and solid biofuel production. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 422:126845. [PMID: 34418833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable lignocellulosic spent waste rice straw (SWRS) from bioethanol production inventively applied in this study to valorize petroleum production produced water (PPPW). SWRS expressed efficient pollutant removal over a wide range of petroleum concentration, temperature, pH, salinity, and mixing rate reaching approximately 217 mg/g, within four hours contact time. Kinetic studies revealed a pseudo-second-order chemisorption process with a boundary layer control and 16.97 kJ/mol activation energy where the intra-particle diffusion was not the only rate regulatory step. Thermodynamic studies revealed spontaneous, favorable, and endothermic adsorption, with a strong affinity between the SWRS and oil molecules. Biosorption mechanism studies proved the enrollment of SWRS components' lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose in the oil uptake with the predominance of chemisorption over physisorption onto the rough and highly porous SWRS surface. A single-stage batch biosorption process was designed based on the best fitted Langmuir adsorption isotherm and applied on a real PPPW sample. The Egyptian standard limits for safe industrial effluents discharge into marine environment with a concomitant decrease in scale formation precursors were achieved recommending its safe reuse for enhanced oil recovery. Finally, for accomplishing zero-waste, SWRS disposed of PPPW treatment substantiated valorized solid biofuel with a sufficient calorific value 38.56 MJ/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein N Nassar
- Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, PO 11727, Egypt; Center of Excellence, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), 6th of October City, Giza, PO 12566, Egypt; Nanobiotechnology Program, Faculty of Nanotechnology for Postgraduate Studies, Cairo University, Sheikh Zayed Branch Campus, Egypt
| | - Waleed I M El-Azab
- Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, PO 11727, Egypt
| | - Nour Sh El-Gendy
- Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI), Nasr City, Cairo, PO 11727, Egypt; Center of Excellence, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), 6th of October City, Giza, PO 12566, Egypt; Nanobiotechnology Program, Faculty of Nanotechnology for Postgraduate Studies, Cairo University, Sheikh Zayed Branch Campus, Egypt.
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15
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Thermochemical and Catalytic Conversion Technologies for the Development of Brazilian Biomass Utilization. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11121549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The social, economic, and environmental impacts of climate change have been shown to affect poorer populations throughout the world disproportionally, and the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020–2021 has only exacerbated the use of less sustainable energy, fuel, and chemical sources. The period of economic and social recovery following the pandemic presents an unprecedented opportunity to invest in biorefineries based on the pyrolysis of agricultural residues. These produce a plethora of sustainable resources while also contributing to the economic valorization of first-sector local economies. However, biomass-derived pyrolysis liquid is highly oxygenated, which hinders its long-term stability and usability. Catalytic hydrogenation is a proposed upgrading method to reduce this hindrance, while recent studies on the use of nickel and niobium as low-cost catalysts, both abundant in Brazil, reinforce the potential synergy between different economic sectors within the country. This review gathers state-of-the-art applications of these technologies with the intent to guide the scientific community and lawmakers alike on yet another alternative for energy and commodities production within an environmentally sustainable paradigm.
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16
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Rusch F, de Abreu Neto R, de Moraes Lúcio D, Hillig É. Energy properties of bamboo biomass and mate co-products. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-021-04584-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Fossil fuels are being replaced by clean energy sources. Lignocellulosic biomass is considered an eco-friendly alternative, as it is a renewable raw material with high energy potential. In this context, the aim of this study was to determine the biomass energy properties of three bamboo species and mate. Thus, three species of bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris Var. Vittata, Dendrocalamus asper and Phyllostachys aurea) and Ilex paraguariensis co-products (branches and sticks) were performed. The particle size, basic density, moisture content volatiles content, ashes content, fix carbon, gross and net calorific value and energy density of these biomasses were evaluated. The biomasses analyzed here were considered suitable for energy purposes, in general, these presented volatile content between 75 and 85 %, fixed carbon content between 15 and 25% and ash content close to 1%. Average fix carbon content of all analyzed biomass was 16.13%. Ash content of Phyllostachys aurea, branches of Ilex paraguariensis and Dendrocalamus asper presented lower values, average of 1.63%. Bambusa vulgaris and Ilex paraguariensis sticks presented higher values, average of 2.65%. Phyllostachys aurea presented gross calorific value higher than, average of 19.35 MJ kg− 1. Bambusa vulgaris, Dendrocalamus asper, Ilex paraguariensis branches and sticks presented statistically equal values. Bambusa vulgaris, Dendrocalamus asper, Phyllostachys aurea showed net calorific value higher to the other analyzed materials and did not present statistical difference. Basic energy density of Phyllostachys aurea was higher to bamboo species. Ilex paraguariensis showed the lowest values with no statistical difference for branches and sticks.
Article highlights
Knowledge of biomass properties enables the use of residues in bioenergy production as an eco-friendly alternative.
Bamboo and Mate co-products have desirable characteristics and potential to produce bioenergy.
The energetic performance of bamboo biomass was superior when compared to the branches and sticks of Ilex paraguariensis.
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Guedes D, Martins GR, Jaramillo LYA, Simas Bernardes Dias D, da Silva AJR, Lutterbach MTS, Reznik LY, Sérvulo EFC, Alviano CS, Alviano DS. Proanthocyanidins with Corrosion Inhibition Activity for AISI 1020 Carbon Steel under Neutral pH Conditions of Coconut ( Cocos nucifera L.) Husk Fibers. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:6893-6901. [PMID: 33748603 PMCID: PMC7970558 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c06104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Cocos nucifera L. is a palm tree (Arecaceae) with a high economic value. The coconut husk fibers are nonedible, thick, and abrasion-resistant and correspond up to 85% of biomass discarded as solid waste residue. Therefore, the husk fibers are an underexploited byproduct with a high content of extractives of unreported nature. Two varieties of C. nucifera L. husk extracts were investigated to uncover bioactive metabolites and their possible application as a green corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel AISI 1020 under neutral pH conditions. The chemical analysis indicated 3% (w/w) of proanthocyanidins in the husk fibers with a high B-type procyanidin content. The husk fibers' crude extract showed promising results as an eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel AISI 1020 under neutral pH conditions. Although it formed a film on the metal surface in all tested concentrations (0.4, 0.8, 1.2, and 1.6 g L-1), the highest protective efficiency was shown at a concentration of 1.2 g L-1, determined by electrochemical techniques and mass loss. This was the first comprehensive report on coconut husk fibers' chemical composition, which was similar between the two varieties with potential for industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Guedes
- Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CT, Bloco E. Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gabriel R Martins
- Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CCS, Bloco H. Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lizeth Y A Jaramillo
- Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CT, Bloco E. Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
| | - Diogo Simas Bernardes Dias
- Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CT, Bloco E. Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
| | - Antonio Jorge R da Silva
- Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CCS, Bloco H. Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcia T S Lutterbach
- Divisão de Corrosão e Degradação, Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia, Avenida Venezuela, 82. Praça Mauá, Rio de Janeiro 20081-312, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leila Y Reznik
- Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CT, Bloco E. Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
| | - Eliana F C Sérvulo
- Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CT, Bloco E. Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
| | - Celuta S Alviano
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CCS, Bloco I. Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
| | - Daniela S Alviano
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CCS, Bloco I. Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil
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18
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Green energy technology from buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L. f.) for Brazilian agro-extractive communities. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-021-04278-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe present work analyzed the energy generation potential of Buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L. f.) by thermochemical reactions. The experimental part of the study performed immediate analyses, elemental analyses, lignocellulosic analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, calorific values, and syn gas concentrations measurements of the gasification of Buriti in a fixed-bed reactor. Additionally, numerical simulations estimated the syn gas concentrations of the gasification reactions of Buriti. The immediate analysis showed that Buriti has the highest ash content (4.66%) and highest volatile matter content (85%) compared to other Brazilian biomass analyzed, but the higher heating value was only 18.28 MJ.kg−1. The elemental analysis revealed that the oxygen to carbon ratio was 0.51 while hydrogen to carbon ratio was 1.74, indicating a good thermal conversion efficiency. The Lignocellulosic analysis of Buriti resulted in a high content of holocellulose (69.64%), a lignin content of 28.21% and extractives content of 7.52%. The thermogravimetry of the Buriti indicated that the highest mass loss (51.92%) occurred in a temperature range between 150 °C and 370 °C. Lastly, the experimental gasification study in a fixed-bed updraft gasifier resulted in syn gas concentrations of 14.4% of CO, 11.5% of CO2 and 17.5% of H2 while the numerical simulation results confirmed an optimal equivalence ratio of 1.7 to maximize CO and H2 concentrations. Therefore, based on the results presented by the present work, the gasification process is adequate to transform Buriti wastes into energy resources.
Graphic abstract
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19
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Physicochemical Properties and Lignin Degradation of Thermal-Pretreated Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13225966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) are recoverable lignocellulosic biomass serving as feedstock for biofuel production. The major hurdle in producing biofuel from biomass is the abundance of embedded recalcitrant lignin. Pretreatment is a key step to increase the accessibility of enzymes to fermentable sugars. In this study, thermal pretreatments at moderate temperatures ranging from 150 °C to 210 °C, at different durations (30–120 min) and EFB particle sizes (1–10 mm), were employed to maximize lignin degradation. Observation through a scanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed disruptions in EFB structure and the removal of silica bodies and other impurities upon thermal pretreatment. Remarkable changes on the elemental contents and functional groups occurred, as was evident from the energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analyses. The smallest EFB size yielded higher lignin degradation—about 2.3-fold and 1.2-fold higher—than the biggest and moderate tested EFB sizes, indicating a smaller particle size provides a higher surface area for bioreaction. Furthermore, applying a longer duration of treatment and a higher temperature enhanced lignin degradation by up to 58%. This study suggests that moderate thermal treatment could enhance lignin degradation by altering the physicochemical structure of EFB, which is beneficial in improving biofuel production.
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20
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Nascimento JRS, Neto DF, Coutinho ÍC, Domont GB, Nogueira FCS, Campos FAP. Proteome dynamics of the cotyledonary haustorium and endosperm in the course of germination of Euterpe oleracea seeds. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 298:110569. [PMID: 32771170 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The role of the cotyledonary haustorium (CH) in the mobilization of nutrient reserves in the endosperm of species of the palm family Arecaceae is a moot question. To shed light on this matter, we present here an analysis of the quantitative proteome changes associated with four developmental stages of CH and three of endosperm during germination. Together, a total of 1965 proteins were identified, being 1538 in the CH and 960 in the endosperm. Both in the CH and endosperm proteomes, we observed an increase in the diversity of hydrolases as the CH and endosperm develops. Qualitative proteomics analysis of four CH developmental stages indicated that each stage is populated by a unique set of proteins and the quantitative analysis showed an increase in the relative abundance of hydrolases, particularly mannan degrading enzymes, as development progresses. These results add weight to the hypothesis that the CH in the seeds of E. oleraceaacts both as a conduit of carbon and nitrogen sources generated by the hydrolysis of the reserves in the endosperm and as a source of hydrolases that will contribute to the mobilization of these reserves.
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Affiliation(s)
- José R S Nascimento
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Domingos F Neto
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Ítalo C Coutinho
- Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Gilberto B Domont
- Unidade Proteômica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fábio C S Nogueira
- Unidade Proteômica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratório de Proteômica/LADETEC, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Francisco A P Campos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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21
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Lazzari E, Arena K, Caramão EB, Dugo P, Mondello L, Herrero M. Comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography-based quali-quantitative screening of aqueous phases from pyrolysis bio-oils. Electrophoresis 2020; 42:58-67. [PMID: 32628775 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Pyrolysis processes are an alternative to minimize the environmental problem associated to agrifood industrial wastes. The main product resulting from these processes is a high-value liquid product, called bio-oil. Recently, the use of comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography (LC × LC) has been demonstrated as a useful tool to improve the characterization of the water-soluble phases of bio-oils, considering their complexity and high water content. However, the precise composition of bio-oils from different agrifood byproducts is still unknown. In the present study, the qualitative and quantitative screening of eight aqueous phases from different biomasses, not yet reported in the literature, using LC × LC is presented. The two-dimensional approach was based on the use of two reverse phase separations. An amide column in the first dimension together with a C18 column in the second dimension were employed. Thanks to the use of diode array and mass spectrometry detection, 28 compounds were identified and quantified in the aqueous phase samples with good figures of merit. Samples showed a distinct quali-quantitative composition and a great predominance of compounds belonging to aldehydes, ketones and phenols, most of them with high polarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliane Lazzari
- Institute of Chemistry, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Katia Arena
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Elina B Caramão
- Institute of Chemistry, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Tiradentes University, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Paola Dugo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Unit of Food Science and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy.,Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Mondello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Unit of Food Science and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy.,Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Miguel Herrero
- Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
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22
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Eco-friendly flame retardant poly(lactic acid) composites based on banana peel powders and phytic acid: flame retardancy and thermal property. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-020-02176-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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23
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SCAPIN E, RAMBO MKD, VIANA GCC, MARASCA N, LACERDA GE, RAMBO MCDIEL, FERNANDES RDMN. Sustainable production of furfural and 5-hidroximetilfurfural from rice husks and soybean peel by using ionic liquid. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.04419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisandra SCAPIN
- Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Brasil; Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Brasil; Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Brasil
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Exploitation of Wood Waste of Pinus spp for Briquette Production: A Case Study in the Community of San Francisco Pichátaro, Michoacán, Mexico. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10082933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study describes the exploitation of wood waste (Pinus spp.) in the form of sawdust and shavings generated during the production of furniture and artisanal items in a community in the state of Michoacán, western Mexico. A process is described to densifying this raw material, to produce solid-type biofuel briquettes that can be used to satisfy the need to generate low-power heat for residential sectors. Briquette production involved six stages: (a) gathering samples of sawdust and shavings from artisanal workshops in the community; (b) proximal characterization of the samples; (c) elaborating the briquettes; (d) physicochemical characterization of the briquettes; (e) evaluation of the physical-thermal combustion of the briquettes; and (f) an economic evaluation of briquette production to determine viability. Finally, we performed a comparative analysis of the energy, economic, and environmental indicators of the briquettes produced and conventional pine and oak firewood (Pinus spp., Quercus spp.) in the study community. The results show the viability of using biomass residues to make briquettes, which are efficient, economic and easy to make and use.
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25
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Tavares FFDC, Almeida MDCD, Silva JAPD, Araújo LL, Cardozo NSM, Santana RMC. Thermal treatment of açaí (Euterpe oleracea) fiber for composite reinforcement. POLIMEROS 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-1428.09819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Cazaudehore G, Schraauwers B, Peyrelasse C, Lagnet C, Monlau F. Determination of chemical oxygen demand of agricultural wastes by combining acid hydrolysis and commercial COD kit analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 250:109464. [PMID: 31525695 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Chemical oxygen demand (COD) is an essential parameter in waste management, particularly for monitoring bioprocess such as anaerobic digestion. Indeed, chemical oxygen demand (COD) is a key parameter that can prove useful for the evaluation of waste biodegradability and to evaluate mass and energetic balances of the overall process. In this study, an adapted method to determine the COD of solid agricultural wastes was developed. This method combined a double acid hydrolysis of the solid waste materials followed by commercial COD tubes analysis. This method was compared to direct sampling after a standard dilution (3.5 g TS.L-1) and analysis in commercial COD tubes. The method developed in this study allowed the COD of nine agricultural wastes to be accurately predicted, with an absolute error of 7% compared to the theoretical COD. In comparison, the method with only a prior water dilution resulted in higher absolute errors of 36% and 31% when sampling was performed with pipette tips and cut pipette tips, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cazaudehore
- APESA Pôle Valorisation, Cap Ecologia, Avenue Joliot Curie, 64230 Lescar, France
| | - B Schraauwers
- APESA Pôle Valorisation, Cap Ecologia, Avenue Joliot Curie, 64230 Lescar, France
| | - C Peyrelasse
- APESA Pôle Valorisation, Cap Ecologia, Avenue Joliot Curie, 64230 Lescar, France
| | - C Lagnet
- APESA Pôle Valorisation, Cap Ecologia, Avenue Joliot Curie, 64230 Lescar, France
| | - F Monlau
- APESA Pôle Valorisation, Cap Ecologia, Avenue Joliot Curie, 64230 Lescar, France.
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Abstract
Fermentative hydrogen production via dark fermentation with the application of lignocellulosic biomass requires a multistep pre-treatment procedure, due to the complexed structure of the raw material. Hence, the comparison of the hydrogen productivity potential of different lignocellulosic materials (LCMs) in relation to the lignocellulosic biomass composition is often considered as an interesting field of research. In this study, several types of biomass, representing woods, cereals and grass were processed by means of mechanical pre-treatment and alkaline and enzymatic hydrolysis. Hydrolysates were used in fermentative hydrogen production via dark fermentation process with Enterobacter aerogenes (model organism). The differences in the hydrogen productivity regarding different materials hydrolysates were analyzed using chemometric methods with respect to a wide dataset collected throughout this study. Hydrogen formation, as expected, was positively correlated with glucose concentration and total reducing sugars amount (YTRS) in enzymatic hydrolysates of LCMs, and negatively correlated with concentrations of enzymatic inhibitors i.e., HMF, furfural and total phenolic compounds in alkaline-hydrolysates LCMs, respectively. Interestingly, high hydrogen productivity was positively correlated with lignin content in raw LCMs and smaller mass loss of LCM after pre-treatment step. Besides results of chemometric analysis, the presented data analysis seems to confirm that the structure and chemical composition of lignin and hemicellulose present in the lignocellulosic material is more important to design the process of its bioconversion than the proportion between the cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin content in this material. For analyzed LCMs we found remarkable higher potential of hydrogen production via bioconversion process of woods i.e., beech (24.01 mL H2/g biomass), energetic poplar (23.41 mL H2/g biomass) or energetic willow (25.44 mL H2/g biomass) than for cereals i.e., triticale (17.82 mL H2/g biomass) and corn (14.37 mL H2/g biomass) or for meadow grass (7.22 mL H2/g biomass).
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29
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Tailor-made organosolv lignins from coconut wastes: Effects of green solvents in microwave-assisted processes upon their structure and antioxidant activities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2019.100219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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30
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Monteiro AF, Miguez IS, Silva JPRB, Silva ASD. High concentration and yield production of mannose from açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) seeds via mannanase-catalyzed hydrolysis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10939. [PMID: 31358799 PMCID: PMC6662815 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47401-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The açaí seed corresponds to approximately 85% of the fruit's weight and represents ~1.1 million metric tons of residue yearly accumulated in the Amazon region, resulting in an acute environmental and urban problem. To extract the highest value from this residue, this study aimed to evaluate its chemical composition to determine the appropriate applications and to develop conversion methods. First, mannan was confirmed as the major component of mature seeds, corresponding to 80% of the seed's total carbohydrates and about 50% of its dry weight. To convert this high mannan content into mannose, a sequential process of dilute-acid and enzymatic hydrolysis was evaluated. Among different dilute-H2SO4 hydrolysis conditions, 3%-acid for 60-min at 121 °C resulted in a 30% mannan hydrolysis yield and 41.7 g/L of mannose. Because ~70% mannan remained in the seed, a mannanase-catalyzed hydrolysis was sequentially performed with 2-20% seed concentration, reaching 146.3 g/L of mannose and a 96.8% yield with 20% solids. As far as we know, this is the highest reported concentration of mannose produced from a residue. Thus, this work provides fundamental data for achieving high concentrations and yields of mannose from açaí seeds, which could add commercial value to the seeds and improve the whole açaí productive chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Ferreira Monteiro
- Biocatalysis Laboratory, National Institute of Technology, Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovation and Communication, Rio de Janeiro, 20081-312, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Santos Miguez
- Biocatalysis Laboratory, National Institute of Technology, Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovation and Communication, Rio de Janeiro, 20081-312, RJ, Brazil
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Department of Biochemistry, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
| | - João Pedro R Barros Silva
- Biocatalysis Laboratory, National Institute of Technology, Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovation and Communication, Rio de Janeiro, 20081-312, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ayla Sant'Ana da Silva
- Biocatalysis Laboratory, National Institute of Technology, Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovation and Communication, Rio de Janeiro, 20081-312, RJ, Brazil.
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Department of Biochemistry, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909, RJ, Brazil.
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Liu H, Zeng L, Jin Y, Nie K, Deng L, Wang F. Effect of Different Carbon Sources on Cellulase Production by Marine Strain Microbulbifer hydrolyticus IRE-31-192. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 188:741-749. [PMID: 30680703 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-02948-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Cellulase is an important enzyme that can be used to breakdown lignocellulose into glucose. Microbulbifer hydrolyticus IRE-31(ATCC 700072) is a kind of marine bacterium, which could grow in high salinity medium and has fast-strong growth ability. In this study, a novel strain was screened from Microbulbifer hydrolyticus IRE-31 through mutations to produce cellulase. The effect of different carbon sources on the growth as well as on the production of cellulase of the new strain was studied. Carboxymethyl-cellulase (CMCase) activity selected to represent cellulase was proven to be effectively promoted while xylose, galactose, and melibiose as well as glucose were used as carbon sources. When xylose and glucose were chosen to be further investigated, 472.57 U/L and 266.01 U/L CMCase activity were obtained from 30 g/L glucose and 10 g/L xylose, respectively. These results clarified the effect of different carbon sources on the production of cellulase, which laid a good foundation for the further research in the production of cellulase by marine bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- Beijing Bioprocess Key Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Zeng
- Beijing Bioprocess Key Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhan Jin
- Beijing Bioprocess Key Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaili Nie
- Beijing Bioprocess Key Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.,Amoy - BUCT Industrial Bio-technovation Institute, Amoy, 361022, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Deng
- Beijing Bioprocess Key Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China. .,Amoy - BUCT Industrial Bio-technovation Institute, Amoy, 361022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fang Wang
- Beijing Bioprocess Key Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
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Guo H, Wang XD, Lee DJ. Proteomic researches for lignocellulose-degrading enzymes: A mini-review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 265:532-541. [PMID: 29884341 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.05.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Protective action of lignin/hemicellulose networks and crystalline structures of embedded cellulose render lignocellulose material resistant to external enzymatic attack. To eliminate this bottleneck, research has been conducted in which advanced proteomic techniques are applied to identify effective commercial hydrolytic enzymes. This mini-review summarizes researches on lignocellulose-degrading enzymes, the mechanisms of the responses of various lignocellulose-degrading strains and microbial communities to various carbon sources and various biomass substrates, post-translational modifications of lignocellulose-degrading enzymes, new lignocellulose-degrading strains, new lignocellulose-degrading enzymes and a new method of secretome analysis. The challenges in the practical use of enzymatic hydrolysis process to realize lignocellulose biorefineries are discussed, along with the prospects for the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Guo
- College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Wang
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China; School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan.
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Second-Generation Bioethanol from Coconut Husk. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:4916497. [PMID: 30363680 PMCID: PMC6180963 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4916497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Coconut palm (Cocos nucifera) is an important commercial crop in many tropical countries, but its industry generates large amounts of residue. One way to address this problem is to use this residue, coconut husk, to produce second-generation (2G) ethanol. The aim of this review is to describe the methods that have been used to produce bioethanol from coconut husk and to suggest ways to improve different steps of the process. The analysis performed in this review determined that alkaline pretreatment is the best choice for its delignification potential. It was also observed that although most reported studies use enzymes to perform hydrolysis, acid hydrolysis is a good alternative. Finally, ethanol production using different microorganisms and fermentation strategies is discussed and the possibility of obtaining other added-value products from coconut husk components by using a biorefinery scheme is addressed.
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Bispo A, Andrade J, Souza D, Teles Z, Nascimento R. UTILIZATION OF AGROINDUSTRIAL BY-PRODUCTS AS SUBSTRATE IN ENDOGLUCANASE PRODUCTION BY Streptomyces diastaticus PA-01 UNDER SUBMERGED FERMENTATION. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-6632.20180352s20160415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A.S.R. Bispo
- Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Brazil
| | - J.P. Andrade
- Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Brazil
| | - D.T. Souza
- Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Brazil
| | - Z.N.S. Teles
- Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Brazil
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Takano M, Hoshino K. Bioethanol production from rice straw by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation with statistical optimized cellulase cocktail and fermenting fungus. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2018. [DOI: 10.1186/s40643-018-0203-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Luis-Zarate VH, Rodriguez-Hernandez MC, Alatriste-Mondragon F, Chazaro-Ruiz LF, Rangel-Mendez JR. Coconut endocarp and mesocarp as both biosorbents of dissolved hydrocarbons in fuel spills and as a power source when exhausted. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 211:103-111. [PMID: 29408059 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Health and environmental problems associated with the presence of toxic aromatic compounds in water from oil spills have motivated research to develop effective and economically viable strategies to remove these pollutants. In this work, coconut shell (endocarp), coconut fiber (mesocarp) and coconut shell with fiber (endocarp and mesocarp) obtained from coconut (Cocos nucifera) waste were evaluated as biosorbents of benzene, toluene and naphthalene from water, considering the effect of the solution pH (6-9) and the presence of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in natural water (14 mg/L). In addition, the heat capacity of saturated biosorbents was determined to evaluate their potential as an alternative power source to conventional fossil fuels. Tests of N2 physisorption, SEM, elemental and fiber analysis, ATR-FTIR and acid-based titrations were performed in order to understand the materials' characteristics, and to elucidate the biosorbents' hydrocarbon adsorption mechanism. Coconut fiber showed the highest adsorption capacities (222, 96 and 5.85 mg/g for benzene, toluene and naphthalene, respectively), which was attributed to its morphologic characteristics and to its high concentration of phenolic groups, associated with the lignin structure. The pH of the solution did not have a significant influence on the removal of the contaminants, and the presence of DOM improved the adsorption capacities of aromatic hydrocarbons. The adsorption studies showed biphasic isotherms, which highlighted the strong affinity between the molecules adsorbed on the biosorbents and the aromatic compounds remaining in the solution. Finally, combustion heat analysis of coconut waste saturated with soluble hydrocarbons showed that the heat capacity increased from 4407.79 cal/g to 5064.43 ± 11.6 cal/g, which is comparable with that of woody biomass (3400-4000 cal/g): this waste biomass with added value could be a promising biofuel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Hugo Luis-Zarate
- División de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, A.C., Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Col. Lomas 4a Sección, C.P. 78216, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., Mexico
| | - Mayra Cecilia Rodriguez-Hernandez
- División de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, A.C., Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Col. Lomas 4a Sección, C.P. 78216, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., Mexico
| | - Felipe Alatriste-Mondragon
- División de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, A.C., Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Col. Lomas 4a Sección, C.P. 78216, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., Mexico
| | - Luis Felipe Chazaro-Ruiz
- División de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, A.C., Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Col. Lomas 4a Sección, C.P. 78216, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., Mexico
| | - Jose Rene Rangel-Mendez
- División de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, A.C., Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Col. Lomas 4a Sección, C.P. 78216, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., Mexico.
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Assis C, Ramos RS, Silva LA, Kist V, Barbosa MHP, Teófilo RF. Prediction of Lignin Content in Different Parts of Sugarcane Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIR), Ordered Predictors Selection (OPS), and Partial Least Squares (PLS). APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 71:2001-2012. [PMID: 28452227 DOI: 10.1177/0003702817704147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The building of multivariate calibration models using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and partial least squares (PLS) to estimate the lignin content in different parts of sugarcane genotypes is presented. Laboratory analyses were performed to determine the lignin content using the Klason method. The independent variables were obtained from different materials: dry bagasse, bagasse-with-juice, leaf, and stalk. The NIR spectra in the range of 10 000-4000 cm-1 were obtained directly for each material. The models were built using PLS regression, and different algorithms for variable selection were tested and compared: iPLS, biPLS, genetic algorithm (GA), and the ordered predictors selection method (OPS). The best models were obtained by feature selection with the OPS algorithm. The values of the root mean square error prediction (RMSEP), correlation of prediction ( RP), and ratio of performance to deviation (RPD) were, respectively, for dry bagasse equal to 0.85, 0.97, and 2.87; for bagasse-with-juice equal to 0.65, 0.94, and 2.77; for leaf equal to 0.58, 0.96, and 2.56; for the middle stalk equal to 0.61, 0.95, and 3.24; and for the top stalk equal to 0.58, 0.96, and 2.34. The OPS algorithm selected fewer variables, with greater predictive capacity. All the models are reliable, with high accuracy for predicting lignin in sugarcane, and significantly reduce the time to perform the analysis, the cost and the chemical reagent consumption, thus optimizing the entire process. In general, the future application of these models will have a positive impact on the biofuels industry, where there is a need for rapid decision-making regarding clone production and genetic breeding program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Assis
- 1 Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Viçosa. 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rachel S Ramos
- 2 Department of Plant Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lidiane A Silva
- 2 Department of Plant Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Volmir Kist
- 2 Department of Plant Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Márcio H P Barbosa
- 2 Department of Plant Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo F Teófilo
- 1 Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Viçosa. 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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38
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Kataki S, Hazarika S, Baruah DC. Investigation on by-products of bioenergy systems (anaerobic digestion and gasification) as potential crop nutrient using FTIR, XRD, SEM analysis and phyto-toxicity test. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 196:201-216. [PMID: 28284942 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Success and acceptability of the bio energy conversion technology to a large extent depend upon management of the inevitable by-products generated during the conversion process. By-products can be considered favourable as organic fertilizer as they retain nutrients with varying composition depending upon input biomass. However, characteristics of these heterogeneous resources with respect to feedstock and processing conditions have to be assessed to state on their agricultural and environmental benefits. Therefore, 3 types of anaerobic digestion by-products (digestate) from surplus biomass viz. cow dung, Ipomoea carnea:cow dung (60:40 dry weight basis) and rice straw:green gram stover:cow dung (30:30:40 dry weight basis) and one gasification by-product (biochar) from rice husk are considered to understand the fertilizer prospects. Considering 3 potential application options, digestate from each feedstock option was further processed as separated solid, separated liquid and ash from solid digestates. Thus, a total of 10 by-products were investigated for understanding their prospects as fertilizer using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and phyto-toxicity test to have a broad insight in terms of their organic, mineral, elemental composition, morphological feature and potential phyto-toxicity. In general, irrespective of origin of feedstock, solid digestate, ash digestate and char showed similarity in terms of composition of functional groups with some degree of variation in relative content as reflected by FTIR analysis. Dominance of organic functional groups in separated solid digestates compared to liquid fraction indicated the former as favourable organic amendments. Quartz was the prevalent mineral phase in all separated solid, ash digestate and rice husk char. Digestates in ash phase represent more concentrated plant nutrient source with higher content of K, Ca, P, Na and Mg than their respective solid phase. Application of ash digestates and char is likely to improve adsorptive capacity of soil for water and nutrient due to presence of relatively uniformly distributed porous particles. Liquid fraction of Ipomoea digestates exhibited inhibitory effect on seed germination of greengram (Vigna radiate) with significant reduction of germination index. Inhibitory effects of by-products were found to correlate negatively with their electrical conductivity and ammonia-nitrogen content. Understanding on spectroscopic, morphological and phytotoxic properties of different application options of bioenergy by-products would be useful for assessment of their appropriate use in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampriti Kataki
- Energy Conservation Laboratory, Department of Energy, Tezpur University, Assam, India.
| | - Samarendra Hazarika
- ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umium, Meghalaya, India
| | - D C Baruah
- Energy Conservation Laboratory, Department of Energy, Tezpur University, Assam, India.
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Machado G, Leon S, Santos F, Lourega R, Dullius J, Mollmann ME, Eichler P. Literature Review on Furfural Production from Lignocellulosic Biomass. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/nr.2016.73012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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